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108. Molecular dominance investigation for large-sized parents of Chinese Mitten Crab ( Eriocheir sinensis ) based on ovarian transcriptome

Author

Hua Zonglin, Weibing Guan, Kun Wang, Pan Jianlin, Xinxin Xiong, Tang Boping, Xuan Fujun, Fu Longlong, Cheng Yongxu, and Jianguang Zhang

Subjects
Chinese mitten crab, Transcriptome, Eriocheir, genetic structures, biology, Dominance (ecology), Zoology, biology.organism_classification, behavioral disciplines and activities, psychological phenomena and processes
Abstract

Background: Germplasm degradation is one of the important issues for the healthy development of Chinese Mitten Crab (Eriocheir sinensis) industry. Nowadays, nursery units and crab farmers have realized the seedling superiority of large-sized parents (≥200g male, ≥150g female), but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Here we investigated the advantage of breeding with large-sized parents based on ovarian transcriptome.Results: RNA isolation and transcriptome sequencing were performed using ovarian tissue obtained from three large-sized female E. sinensis and three medium-sized female E. sinensis. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were investigated between two groups, followed by the exploration of common DEGs (co-DEGs) among the DEGs in the current study and published genes for growth, reproduction, and immune response pathways. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to validate all co-DEGs. Finally, a pathway enrichment analysis was performed to investigate the potential pathways associated with the validated co-DEGs. A total of 5,307 up-regulated genes and 3,465 down-regulated genes were investigated between the two groups, of which 43 co-DEGs were explored when all the DEGs in the current study were integrated with 338 genes in 15 reproductive, immune, and growth pathways. A total of nine co-DEGs, including TRINITY_DN13931_c0_g1, TRINITY_DN1908_c0_g2, and TRINITY_DN6686_c0_g1, were enrolled for further study after qRT-PCR validation. These validated co-DEGs were mainly enriched in pathways such as apoptosis, insulin signaling, and mTOR signaling. Conclusion: Our original work might lay an important molecular foundation for further exploring the advantages of using large-sized parents for E. sinensis breeding in the future. Based on the comparative analysis of gene expression, the advantages of breeding large-sized female E. sinensis parents at the molecular level, such as growth, reproduction, and immunity, were analyzed for the first time. The apoptosis pathways, insulin signaling pathways, and mTOR signaling pathway might be involved in the advantage of breeding large-sized female E. sinensis parents.

Published
2020

111. Selective breeding could improve the juvenile quality of Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis

Author

Jiang, Xiaodong, Wang, Haining, Cheng, Yongxu, Wu, Xugan, Jiang, Xiaodong, Wang, Haining, Cheng, Yongxu, and Wu, Xugan

Abstract

Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis is an important aquaculture species in China, and a selective breeding program has been operated for the economic traits of growth and different maturity time of this species since 2011. This study was aimed to evaluate the juvenile quality of two selected E. sinensis lines (i.e. early-maturing strain: EM, late-maturing strain: LM), pond-reared juveniles without selection (PR) and wild-caught juveniles (WC). The results showed that: (1) Significant growth difference were only observed in females that the SGR of EM juveniles and the survivor of WC juveniles were both significantly higher than the PR, and the intermolt period of WC was significantly lower than the PR. Although EM juveniles had relatively shorter intermolt period and higher WGR than the LM, they both exhibited better growth performance than the PR, in terms of higher WGR and SGR. (2) Hepatopancreatic AKP activities of PR juveniles were significantly lower than other three populations for both genders, and hepatopancreatic MDA content was significantly higher in the WC juveniles. Moreover, hemolymphatic levels of ACP and T-AOC of both EM and LM juveniles were significantly higher than other two populations. (3) The injection of Aeromonas hydrophilia resulted in the highest and lowest cumulative mortalities to the WC and PR juveniles respectively, mortalities of EM and LM juveniles were similar and located between WC and PR juveniles. In conclusion, juvenile quality of EM and LM strains obtained certain promotion after three generations of selection for growth and different maturity time.

Published
2020

130. Chromosome-level genome assembly reveals the unique genome evolution of the swimming crab (Portunus trituberculatus)

Author

Tang, Boping, primary, Zhang, Daizhen, additional, Li, Haorong, additional, Jiang, Senhao, additional, Zhang, Huabin, additional, Xuan, Fujun, additional, Ge, Baoming, additional, Wang, Zhengfei, additional, Liu, Yu, additional, Sha, Zhongli, additional, Cheng, Yongxu, additional, Jiang, Wei, additional, Jiang, Hui, additional, Wang, Zhongkai, additional, Wang, Kun, additional, Li, Chaofeng, additional, Sun, Yue, additional, She, Shusheng, additional, Qiu, Qiang, additional, Wang, Wen, additional, Li, Xinzheng, additional, Li, Yongxin, additional, Liu, Qiuning, additional, and Ren, Yandong, additional

Published
2020
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145. Comparison of reproductive performance and offspring quality of purple and greenblack Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis.

Author

Li, Qingqing, Sun, Qiufeng, Zu, Lu, Cheng, Yongxu, and Wu, Xugan

Subjects
CHINESE mitten crab, ASTAXANTHIN, LUTEIN, EGG quality, CRUSTACEAN eggs
Abstract

Colour plays a critical role in reproductive performance and egg quality in the crustacean. This study was designed to compare the reproductive performance, egg quality, colour, carotenoids, proximate, and fatty acid composition of purple and greenblack Eriocheir sinensis. The results showed that the survival rate, egg production, fecundity and reproductive effort for purple females were slightly higher than greenblack females, but not significant. The egg diameter, wet weight and dry weight of individual egg were similar between purple and greenblack. There was no significant difference for lightness (L*), redness (a*), yellowness (b*), colour difference (dE*), and total carotenoids content between purple and greenblack eggs. Purple eggs had a significantly higher astaxanthin and lutein than greenblack at 1 week (p < 0.05), while lower lutein content in purple eggs at 4 weeks (p < 0.05). The eggs produced by purple female had the significant higher C20:5n3 (EPA) than that of greenblack female. In conclusion, the astaxanthin and EPA content of purple were significantly higher than those of greenblack, but the reproductive performance, eggs colour and proximate composition were similar, which suggested that purple E. sinensis may have better high‐quality egg than greenblack E. sinensis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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146. Key metabolic and enzymatic adaptations underlie the benefits of formulated diets in the adult female Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis.

Author

Long, Xiaowen, Sun, Yunfei, Wade, Nicholas M., Pan, Jie, Liu, Yuming, Cheng, Yongxu, and Wu, Xugan

Subjects
DIGESTIVE enzymes, CHINESE mitten crab, LIPOPROTEIN lipase, FAVA bean, ACID phosphatase, FRESHWATER snails
Abstract

Natural and traditional diets have been gradually replaced with formulated diets for the Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis culture, but it is unclear what effects different feeding modes have on digestive physiology and metabolism of E. sinensis. This study investigated the effects of three feeding modes, formulated diets (FD), natural diets (ND, trash fish and freshwater snails) and traditional diets (TD, soybean, wheat, broad bean and corn) on digestive enzyme activity, physiological indices and metabolomics of adult female E. sinensis. The ND had the highest activities of trypsin and lipase in the hepatopancreas, while the highest amylase activity was detected in TD. The highest content of hepatopancreas triglyceride was detected in FD, while the highest levels of lipoprotein lipase, hepatic lipase, lactic acid, malonaldehyde, acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase in the hepatopancreas, as well as the total cholesterol, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and γ‐glutamyltransferase in serum were detected in ND. The TD had the highest content of glucose and uric acid in the hepatopancreas as well as the free cholesterol, lactic acid, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in the serum. The metabolomics showed that most differential metabolites involved in amino acid anabolism in serum and hepatopancreas were significantly up‐regulated in FD. The metabolites involved in energy metabolism and gluconeogenesis in the hepatopancreas were significantly down‐regulated in FD. These results suggested that feeding with formulated diets promotes amino acid synthesis and reduces energy metabolism, which leads to more protein and glucose deposition in tissue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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147. Genetic diversity analysis of wild and cultured Eriocheir sinensis populations from the Yangtze River, Yellow River, and Liaohe River based on the mitochondrial D-loop gene

Author

Zheng Haide, Su Yu, Wu XuGan, Li Qingqing, Zhang Cheng, and Cheng Yongxu

Subjects
Eriocheir, Genetic diversity, Thesaurus (information retrieval), D-loop, biology, Ecology, Yangtze river, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Aquatic Science, biology.organism_classification, Gene, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Published
2019

148. In vitro assessment of Na+, Mg2+, Ca2+, and K+on vitellogenesis and expression of genes related to ovarian development in female Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis

Author

Zhu, Shaicheng, Huang, Junjie, Liu, Meimei, Wu, Xugan, and Cheng, Yongxu

Abstract

Seawater contains a variety of mineral ions, such as Na+, Mg2+, Ca2+, and K+. Although previous studies have shown that brackish water can promote ovarian development of the Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis), it remains unclear whether these ions directly affect the ovarian development and vitellogenesis of E. sinensis. Therefore, this study was designed, using in vitro tissue incubation mediums with different concentrations of Na+(280, 320, 360, and 400 mmol/L), Mg2+(5, 10, and 15 mmol/L), Ca2+(5, 10, 15, and 20 mmol/L), and K+(5.5, 9, and 13 mmol/L), to investigate their effects on Vg/Vn contents and the expression of ovarian development-related genes in the hepatopancreas and ovaries of E. sinensis. The results showed that: (1) Different Na+concentrations had no significant impact on vitellogenesis and the expression of ovarian development-related genes in both tissues, except for an enhancement of the esEcR2-mRNA levels in the hepatopancreas. (2) The Mg2+(15 mmol/L) significantly increased the Vg/Vn content in hepatopancreas and ovary. However, the 10 mmol/L Mg2+group decreased esVgR-mRNA levels and esEcR2-mRNA levels in the ovary compared to the control group. (3) Ca2+(10 ∼ 15 mmol/L) significantly promoted Vg/Vn content and esVg-mRNA levels in both tissues, which also upregulated the expression of ovarian development-related genes (esERR, esEcR2, and esRXR). (4) Increasing K+content significantly decreased the Vg/Vn content in hepatopancreas and ovaries. Furthermore, the K+significantly reduced esRXR-mRNA levels in the ovaries but significantly increased esERR-mRNA levels in both tissues. In summary, under in vitro conditions, Na+concentration had no significant effect on the vitellogenesis, while Ca2+(10 ∼ 15 mmol/L) and Mg2+(15 mmol/L) significantly promoted the vitellogenesis in the hepatopancreas and ovaries of E. sinensis. Additionally, Ca2+significantly enhanced the expression of genes related to ovarian development, while K+had a negative impact on the vitellogenesis.

Published
2024
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149. Effects of dietary fish oil replacement with blended vegetable oils on growth, lipid metabolism and antioxidant capacity of subadult swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus.

Author

Long, Xiaowen, Wu, Renfu, Wu, Xugan, Hou, Wenjie, Pan, Guiping, Zeng, Chaoshu, and Cheng, Yongxu

Subjects
FISH oils, VEGETABLE oils, LIPID metabolism, PORTUNIDAE, OXIDANT status, PORTUNUS
Abstract

A 120‐day trial was conducted to assess the effects of dietary fish oil replacement with vegetable oils on growth, lipid metabolism and antioxidant capacity of subadult swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus. Five isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were formulated to replace 0, 250, 500, 750 and 1000g/kg of fish oil with a mixture of soybean and rapeseed oil (defined as D1–D5), and each treatment had 30 replicate crabs. Dietary fish oil replacement had no significant effects on growth of the crabs, while the D3 had the highest hepatosomatic index and total lipids in hepatopancreas. The triglyceride and lipase activities in hepatopancreas increased significantly with increasing dietary fish oil replacement. The D4 had the highest levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and acid phosphatase (ACP) in the hepatopancreas, as well as the haemolymph ALP, ACP and peroxidase. The highest levels of haemolymph total antioxidant capacity, catalase and malondialdehyde were detected in D1. Total n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids levels in hepatopancreas decreased significantly with increasing dietary fish oil replacement. In conclusion, dietary fish oil replacement had no significant effects on growth of P. trituberculatus, and 500g/kg of fish oil replacement could improve antioxidant capacity, but excessive replacement level will enhance lipid accumulation and peroxidation in the hepatopancreas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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