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Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide and the most common primary malignancy of the liver. As Known, per international guidelines, curative therapy is restricted to early stages of HCC and could be from...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References, Learning objectives: To know the prevalence, sources and significance of extrahepatic collateral supply (ECS) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). To identify the signs suggesting ECS on multiphase contrast enhanced CT/MRI and Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA) . To...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References, Learning objectives: The goals of this educational exhibit include understanding the relevant segmental liver anatomy from a pictotorial and tactile standpoint, and a demonstration utilizing clay models with guidewires, arterial access of the liver for the purposes of...

Background/introduction Description of activity and work performed Conclusion and recommendations Personal/organisational information References, Background/introduction: Liver radioembolization (RE) is an emerging treatment against liver primary and secondary tumours. The procedure places micro-sized embolic particles, loaded with 90 Y, directly into the tumour via intra-arterial infusion. The whole procedure of...

Background/introduction Description of activity and work performed Conclusion and recommendations Personal/organisational information References, Background/introduction: The European Radiation Dosimetry Group (EURADOS) is a self-sustainable network of more than 70 European institutions and 560 scientists. The aim of the network is to promote research and development and European cooperation in the field of dosimetry...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: Precise the application of Dyna-CT in patients undergoing trans-arterial chemoemblolization (TACE) for hepatocellular carcinoma...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References, Learning objectives: To learn about differentlocoregional treatment options in hepatocellular carcinoma. To understand the typical imaging appearance ofradiological interventionallytreated hepatocellular carcinoma To be able to differentiate the normal post-treatment...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, accounting for approximately 5.4% of all cancers (1,2). The incidence and aetiology of hepatocellular carcinomas varies (affected by underlying rates...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: ♦The chronic exposure to low-dose ionizing radiation has raised serious concerns regarding the potential development of occupational cataract and eye lens opacities [1-3], as well as the development of brain disorders [4,5]. ♦Based on recent...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: Cholangiocarcinoma is considered the second most common primary hepatic neoplasm that follows hepatocellular carcinoma and most of the patients are diagnosed at late or advanced stages with extrahepatic metastasis (1,2). It’s associated with poor...

Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusion Personal information References, Learning objectives: To provide a comprehensive review of the role of image-guided interventional procedures in the diagnosis and management of hepatobiliary and pancreatic malignancies To outline the pearls and pitfalls relevant to the interpretation of pre and...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: To retrospectively evaluate the effects of transarterial Lipiodol-based chemoembolization (TACE), embolization (TAE) and chemoperfusion (TACP) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) over the last 20 years regarding tumor size, overall...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: Carbon dioxide (CO 2 )has been used as an intravascular contrast media (ICM) since the 1970s and is a safe and useful alternative in patients with renal insufficiency or allergies. The objective of this study is to evaluate the use of CO 2 as...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: The aim of our work was to determine the values of arterial enhancement fraction (AEF) for two most common liver tumors - hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and colorectal liver metastases (CLM), as well as for the residues after transarterial...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References, Learning objectives: To learn the appropriate image modality for HCC screening, diagnosis, staging, treatment, and follow up To depict the HCC typical and atypical behaviour when performing dynamic imaging studies To review the different interventional radiology...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: Hepatic chemoembolization is a palliative therapeutic procedure for patients who have a hepatic neoplastic disease, both hepatocarcinoma and liver metastases. Our objective is to analyse 20 patients who underwent hepatic chemoembolization and...

Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Purpose: After locoregional treatment of the liver tumour, it is necessary an intensive and long-term follow-up. Nevertheless, sometimes is difficult to distinguish between changes after treatment and tumor residue or recurrence and standard imaging methods...

Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Purpose: To evaluate the toxicity and survival of trans-arterial embolization of ethanol-lipiodol (TAELE) compared to Conventional Trans-Arterial Chemo-Embolization (c-TACE ) in HCC treatment (BCLC-stage...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: Trauma is the third overall leading cause of mortality across all ages (1). The spleen is the abdominal organ most often affected by injury following a blunt trauma, among 30% to 49% of closed abdominal traumas (2). The spleen is also affected in...

Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Purpose: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third most common cause of cancer-related death and most common primary hepatic tumour worldwide [1, 2]. Although potentially curative treatments for HCC include liver transplantation and surgical resection,...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: Although there is a great advance about the pathophysiology of the ITP and the greater availability of treatments, there is a need to implement standardized protocols based on evidence that allow individualizing treatments for each patient. The aim...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: Retinoblastoma is the most common primary malignant intraoccular tumor in children. Unlike the West with excellent survival rates, mortality in developing nations as India is as high as 40%–70%, mainly due to delay in presentation. India still...

Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Purpose: This study presents a preliminary 2 and 4 week data comparing quality of life between trans-arterial chemoembolisation (TACE) and trans-arterial radioembolisation with Yttrium-90 using Functional Assessment Cancer-Hepatobiliary (FACT-Hep)...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the 5 most-common cancers worldwide and has a poor prognosis. 1 In most cases, HCC is diagnosed at an advanced stage, even at Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage C, and such patients are only eligible...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: The routine use of fluoroscopy to perform diagnostic and therapeutic medical interventions results in the exposure of patients to ionizing radiation. One of the most commonly used is Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE). This is a minimal...

To date, there is no approved second-line treatment for patients dismissing sorafenib or ineligible for this treatment, so it would be useful to find an effective alternative treatment option. The aim of our study was to evaluate safety, feasibility and effectiveness of transarterial chemoembolisation with degradable starch microspheres (DSM-TACE) in the treatment of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) dismissing or ineligible for multikinase-inhibitor chemotherapy administration (sorafenib) due to unbearable side effects or clinical contraindications. Forty consecutive BCLC stage B or C patients (31 male; age, 70.6 ± 13.6 years), with intermediate or locally advanced HCC dismissing or ineligible for sorafenib administration, who underwent DSM-TACE treatment cycle via lobar approach were prospectively enrolled. Tumour response was evaluated on multidetector computed tomography based on mRECIST criteria. Primary endpoints were safety, tolerance and overall disease control (ODC); secondary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Technical success was achieved in all patients. No intra/peri-procedural death/major complications occurred. No signs of liver failure or systemic toxicity were detected. At 1-year follow-up, ODC of 52.5% was registered. PFS was 6.4 months with a median OS of 11.3 months. DSM-TACE is safe and effective as a second-line treatment in HCC patients dismissing or ineligible for sorafenib. • DSM-TACE is safe and effective as second-line treatment in HCC patients dismissing or ineligible for sorafenib • DSM-TACE allows the temporary occlusion of the smaller arterial vessels, improving overall therapeutic effectiveness by reducing the immediate wash-out of the cytostatic agent • DSM-TACE also decreases the risk of systemic toxicity and post-embolic syndrome

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: To evaluate intraprocedural MR elastography (MRE) and MRI as response parameters of colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) using transarterial chemoembolization...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common type of cancer in men and the ninth in women and is the second most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. [1,2]. In more than 80% of cases, HCC occurs in the setting of cirrhosis...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: To explore the value of intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging (IVIM-DWI) in the differential diagnosis of malignant hepatic...

ResumenIntroducciónExisten pacientes con hepatocarcinoma que son candidatos a quimioembolización, los cuales se enfrentan a problemas de diferimiento prolongado en la realización de dicho procedimiento para ser evaluados por el imagenólogo.ObjetivoDescribir los resultados obtenidos en una serie de pacientes que recibieron sorafenib como terapia puente durante el tiempo de diferimiento para quimioembolización.Material y métodosEstudio retrospectivo, descriptivo. Analizamos expedientes de pacientes con hepatocarcinoma, valorados en la Unidad Funcional de Neoplasias de Aparato Digestivo (UFNAD) de agosto de 2015 a febrero de 2016. Se detectó cuáles de ellos habían sido tratados con sorafenib como terapia puente a quimioembolización. Se evaluó cuántos fueron tratados, o no, con la quimioembolización y la causa.ResultadosUn total de 14 pacientes fueron evaluados con hepatocarcinoma en la UFNAD en dicho periodo, de los cuales 9 recibieron sorafenib como terapia puente, 7 de ellos como terapia inicial, 2 posteriormenta a radiofrecuencia. Ninguno recibió finalmente la terapia local para la que sorafenib iba a ser puente, todos por causas diferentes a la progresión.ConclusiónSi el intento de quimioembolización tendrá diferimiento, es factible usar sorafenib como terapia puente, lo que también puede servir para evitar el retraso en la terapia paliativa en caso de no resultar candidato a la terapia local.AbstractIntroductionThere are patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who are candidates for chemoembolisation that face long delays due to waiting for the imaging assessment of that procedure by the radiologist.ObjectiveTo describe the results of a series of patients who received sorafenib as a bridge therapy during the time of deferral for chemoembolisation.Material and methodsAn analysis was made of the records of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma that were assessed in the digestive tract neoplasms functional unit (UFNAD) from August 2015 to February 2016, in order to detect those that had been treated with sorafenib as a bridge to chemoembolisation.ResultsA total of 14 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma were evaluated in the UFNAD in this period, with 9 of them receiving sorafenib as bridge therapy. It was used as initial therapy in 7, after radiofrequency in 2. None of them received the local therapy for which the sorafenib was planned as bridge, and all for reasons other than progression.ConclusionIf chemoembolisation has to delayed, it is feasible to use sorafenib as a bridging therapy, which can also serve to avoid delay in palliative therapy if the patient turns out not to be a candidate for local therapy.

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: Fluoroscopically guided interventional procedures are performed in great numbers in Europe and in the United States. The increasing use of ionizing radiation can be seen as simply the growing volume of work done or as the change of the procedures...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: To evaluate tumor response, symptom relief, overall survival (OS) and toxicity of transarterial chemoembolization using small size drug eluting embolic (DEE-TACE) in the treatment of patients with liver metastasis from neuroendocrine tumors...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer in the world and one of the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Trans-arterial chemo-embolization (TACE) has been shown to increase overall survival (OS) in patients with locally...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: According to BCLC staging system, HCC patients with well preserved liver function (Child Pugh A-B), portal vein tumor thrombosis or extrahepatic spread are classified as “advanced” or stage C and they present dismal prognosis. In these kind of...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References, Learning objectives: - Describe different HCC treatments guided by imaging. - Illustrate the aspects of the HCC treated by these different therapeutic...

Clinical History Image Findings Discussion Find Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis, female, 43 years, Clinical History: 1 day of abdominal pain and bloody stool and normal vital signs. Colonoscopy revealed large volume blood. Upper endoscopy was negative. The patient had sudden onset diaphoresis and lightheadedness with acute hemoglobin drop 5.4 points. Angiography reveale... Final Diagnosis: Small bowel arteriovenous malformation

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: Study Aim: To assess patient radiation exposure among different interventional procedures performed by the interventional radiology department in a single institution under fluoroscopic guidance. Presentation Aims: 1. To review personnel radiation...

Clinical History Image Findings Discussion Find Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis, male, 69 years, Clinical History: A 69 year old male patient presented with a history of an intra-arterially treated focal liver lesion. Final Diagnosis: Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Extrahepatic supply from Right Internal Mammary Artery

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary hepatic malignancy.[1, 2] In a developing country like India, most patients present with advanced unresectable disease. These patients cannot be offered curative treatment options like...

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: To assess the impact of CT scan-based volumetric analysis on radiologic and clinical outcomes of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). Learning Objectives: The aims of this electronic...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References, Learning objectives: The objective of this educational paper is to describe the most common focal and diffuse hepatic lesions with a characteristic hyperintense signal on T1-weighted images and to provide a differential diagnosis among...

Clinical History Image Findings Discussion Find Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis, female, 34 years, Clinical History: 34 years old female Patient presented to our department with swelling below right side of mandible for two to three months without pain.She had her MRI and digital subtraction angiography of neck done. Final Diagnosis: carotid body tumor

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References, Learning objectives: The aim of this educational exhibit is to describeimaging features of malignant hepatic lesions during and after interventional radiology...