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102. Set ambitious goals for biodiversity and sustainability

Author

Díaz, Sandra, Zafra-Calvo, Noelia, Purvis, Andy, Verburg, Peter H, Obura, David O, Leadley, Paul, Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, de Meester, Luc, Dulloo, Ehsan, Martín-López, Berta, Shaw, M Rebecca, Visconti, Piero, Broadgate, Wendy, Bruford, Michael W, Burgess, Neil D, Cavender-Bares, Jeannine, DeClerck, Fabrice, Fernández-Palacios, José María, Garibaldi, Lucas A, Hill, Samantha L L, Isbell, Forest, Khoury, Colin K, Krug, Cornelia B, Liu, Jianguo, Maron, Martine, McGowan, Philip J K, Pereira, Henrique Miguel, Reyes-García, Victoria, Rocha, Juan, Rondinini, Carlo, et al, and University of Zurich

Subjects
1000 Multidisciplinary, 10122 Institute of Geography, Multidisciplinary, UFSP13-8 Global Change and Biodiversity, 910 Geography & travel
Published
2020
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103. Synthesizing the scientific evidence to inform the development of the post-2020 Global Framework on Biodiversity

Author

Díaz, Sandra, Broadgate, Wendy, Declerck, Fabrice, Dobrota, Susanna, Krug, Cornelia, Moersberg, Hannah, Obura, David, Spehn, Eva, Tewksbury, Joshua, Verburg, Peter, Zafra Calvo, Noelia, Bellon, Mauricio, Cariño, Joji, Castañeda Alvarez, Nora, Chaplin Kramer, Rebecca, De Meester, Luc, Dulloo, Ehsan, Fernández-Palacios, José María, Garibaldi, Lucas Alejandro, Hill, Samantha, Isbell, Forest, Leadley, Paul, Liu, Jianguo, Mace, Georgina M., Maron, Martine, Martín López, Berta, McGowan, Philip, Pereira, Henrique, Purvis, Andy, Reyes García, Victoria, Rocha, Juan, Rondinini, Carlo, Shannon, Lynne, Shaw, Rebecca, Shin, Yunne-Jai, Snelgrove, Paul, Strassburg, Bernardo, Subramanian, Suneetha, Visconti, Piero, Watson, James, Zanne, Amy, Bruford, Michael W., Colli, Licia, Azeredo de Dornelas, Maria, Bascompte, Jordi, Forest, Felix, Hoban, Sean, Jones, Sarah, Jordano, Pedro, Kassen, Rees, Khoury, Colin, Laikre, Linda, Maxted, Nigel, Miloslavich, Patricia, Moreno Mateos, David, Ogden, Rob, Segelbacher, Gernot, Souffreau, Caroline, Svenning, Jens Christian, and Vázquez, Ella

Subjects
Post-pandemia, Biodiversidad y Conservación, Ecología, Covid-19, Informe Técnico
Abstract

Fil: Díaz, Sandra. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Argentina. Fil: Broadgate, Wendy. Future Earth; Suecia. Fil: Declerck, Fabrice. Bioversity International; Italia. Fil: Dobrota, Susanna. Future Earth; Suecia. Fil: Krug, Cornelia. bioDISCOVERY; Suecia. Fil: Moersberg, Hannah. Future Earth; Francia. Fil: Obura, David. Coastal Oceans Research and Development – Indian Ocean; Kenya. Fil: Spehn, Eva. Forum Biodiversity; Suiza. Fil: Tewksbury, Joshua. Future Earth; Estados Unidos. Fil: Verburg, Peter. Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Países Bajos. Fil: Zafra Calvo, Noelia. Future Earth; Suecia. Fil: Bellon, Mauricio. Comisión Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad; México. Fil: Burgess, Neil. United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre; Reino Unido. Fil: Cariño, Joji. Forest Peoples Programme; Reino Unido. Fil: Castañeda Alvarez, Nora. Global Crop Diversity Trust; Alemania. Fil: Cavender-Bares, Jeannine. University of Minnesota; Estados Unidos. Fil: Chaplin Kramer, Rebecca. Stanford University; Estados Unidos. Fil: De Meester, Luc. Katholieke Universiteit Leuven; Bélgica. Fil: Dulloo, Ehsan. Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research; Francia. Fil: Fernández-Palacios, José María. Universidad de La Laguna; España. Fil: Garibaldi, Lucas A. Universidad Nacional de Río Negro. Instituto de Investigaciones en Recursos Naturales, Agroecología y Desarrollo Rural; Argentina. Fil: Garibaldi, Lucas A. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Recursos Naturales, Agroecología y Desarrollo Rural; Argentina. Fil: Hill, Samantha. United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre; Reino Unido. Fil: Isbell, Forest. University of Minnesota; Estados Unidos. Fil: Leadley, Paul. Université Paris-Saclay; Francia. Fil: Liu, Jianguo. Michigan State University; Estados Unidos. Fil: Mace, Georgina M. University College London; Reino Unido. Fil: Maron, Martine. The University of Queensland; Australia. Fil: Martín-López, Berta. Leuphana University Lüneburg; Alemania. Fil: McGowan, Philip. University of Newcastle; Australia. Fil: Pereira, Henrique. German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research; Alemania. Fil: Purvis, Andy. Imperial College London. Grand Challenges in Ecosystems and the Environment; Reino Unido. Fil: Reyes-García, Victoria. Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona; España. Fil: Rocha, Juan. Future Earth; Suecia. Fil: Rondinini, Carlo. Sapienza-Università di Roma; Italia. Fil: Shannon, Lynne. University of Cape Town; Sudáfrica. Fil: Shaw, Rebecca. World Wildlife Fund; Estados Unidos. Fil: Shin, Yunne Jai. University of Cape Town. Marine Research Institute. Department of Biological Sciences; Sudáfrica. Fil: Snelgrove, Paul. Memorial University of Newfoundland; Canadá. Fil: Strassburg, Bernardo. International Institute for Sustainability; Brasil. Fil: Subramanian, Suneetha.United Nations University; Japón. Fil: Visconti, Piero. International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis; Austria. Fil: Watson, James. Wildlife Conservation Society; Estados Unidos. Fil: Zanne, Amy. The George Washington University; Estados Unidos. Fil: Bruford, Michael. Cardiff University; Gales. Fil: Colli, Licia. Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; Italia. Fil: Azeredo de Dornelas, Maria. University of St Andrews; Escocia. Fil: Bascompte, Jordi. Universität Zürich; Suiza. Fil: Forest, Felix. Royal Botanic Gardens; Reino Unido. Fil: Hoban, Sean. The Morton Arboretum; Estados Unidos. Fil: Jones, Sarah. Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research; Francia. Fil: Jordano, Pedro. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas; España. Fil: Kassen, Rees. University of Ottawa; Canadá. Fil: Khoury, Colin. Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research; Francia. Fil: Laikre, Linda. Stockholms Universitet; Suecia. Fil: Maxted, Nigel. University of Birmingham; Reino Unido. Fil: Miloslavich, Patricia. Universidad Simón Bolívar; Venezuela. Fil: Moreno Mateos, David. Basque Centre for Climate Change; España. Fil: Ogden, Rob. The University of Edinburgh; Reino Unido. Fil: Segelbacher, Gernot. Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg; Alemania. Fil: Souffreau, Caroline. Katholieke Universiteit Leuven; Bélgica. Fil: Svenning, Jens Christian. Aarhus University; Dinamarca. Fil: Vázquez, Ella. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; México. This report is the result of a meeting which aimed to offer scientific guidance to the development under the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) of the post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework focussing on its contribution to the 2030 Mission and 2050 Vision. We provide a synthesis of the scientific and technical justification, evidence base and feasibility for outcome-oriented goals on nature and its contributions to people, including biodiversity at different levels from genes to biomes. The report is structured to respond to the Zero Draft of the post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework.

Published
2020

104. Reducing ecological complexity using the archetype approach – an application to natural pest control

Author

Alexandridis, Nikolaos, Martin, Emily A., Marion, Glenn, Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, Dainese, Matteo, Ekroos, Johan, Grab, Heather, Jonsson, Mattias, Karp, Daniel S., Meyer, Carsten, O’Rourke, Megan E., Pontarp, Mikael, Poveda, Katja, Seppelt, Ralf, Smith, Henrik G., and Clough, Yann

Abstract

Complexity and context-dependence in ecological and socioecological phenomena often cause inconsistent or seemingly idiosyncratic responses. This apparent lack of generality presents a challenge to the implementation of ecological principles in environmental management. We mostly rely for prediction on data-hungry correlative models that offer little mechanistic understanding. The alternative of process-based modelling is knowledge-intensive and has limited applicability across systems, due to a trade-off between generality and realism. Here, we present an archetype approach, combining trait-mediated mechanistic understanding into ecological models of intermediate generality, as a way to overcome these limitations. We demonstrate its potential in the case of natural pest control across crop-pest-enemy systems. After reviewing the current modelling approaches and their shortcomings, we show that similar responses of natural pest control in cases that share key characteristics indicate the potential for context-sensitive generalizations. Example archetypes show great promise for improved understanding and prediction. We outline how statistical analysis of available data and rule sets for model development will allow systematic definition of archetypes representing the key processes of all major crop-pest-enemy systems of the world. In this and other applied cases, the use of archetype approaches is a major step forward in facilitating both scientific synthesis and uptake of ecological knowledge in environmental management. Archetype approaches can enhance the application of ecological principles not only to crop pest control, but also to the management of a wide range of natural resources that have been affected by fragmentation of ecological research.

Published
2020
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106. Challenges in producing policy-relevant global scenarios of biodiversity and ecosystem services

Author

Rosa, Isabel M.D., Purvis, Andy, Alkemade, Rob, Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, Ferrier, Simon, Guerra, Carlos A., Hurtt, George, Kim, Hye Jin, Leadley, Paul, Martins, Inês S., Popp, Alexander, Schipper, Aafke M., van Vuuren, Detlef, Pereira, Henrique M., Rosa, Isabel M.D., Purvis, Andy, Alkemade, Rob, Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, Ferrier, Simon, Guerra, Carlos A., Hurtt, George, Kim, Hye Jin, Leadley, Paul, Martins, Inês S., Popp, Alexander, Schipper, Aafke M., van Vuuren, Detlef, and Pereira, Henrique M.

Abstract

Scenario-based modelling is a powerful tool to describe relationships between plausible trajectories of drivers, possible policy interventions, and impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem services. Model inter-comparisons are key in quantifying uncertainties and identifying avenues for model improvement but have been missing among the global biodiversity and ecosystem services modelling communities. The biodiversity and ecosystem services scenario-based inter-model comparison (BES-SIM) aims to fill this gap. We used global land-use and climate projections to simulate possible future impacts on terrestrial biodiversity and ecosystem services using a variety of models and a range of harmonized metrics. The goal of this paper is to reflect on the steps taken in BES-SIM, identify remaining methodological challenges, and suggest pathways for improvement. We identified five major groups of challenges; the need to: 1) better account for the role of nature in future human development storylines; 2) improve the representation of drivers in the scenarios by increasing the resolution (temporal, spatial and thematic) of land-use as key driver of biodiversity change and including additional relevant drivers; 3) explicitly integrate species- and trait-level biodiversity in ecosystem services models; 4) expand the coverage of the multiple dimensions of biodiversity and ecosystem services; and finally, 5) incorporate time-series or one-off historical data in the calibration and validation of biodiversity and ecosystem services models. Addressing these challenges would allow the development of more integrated global projections of biodiversity and ecosystem services, thereby improving their policy relevance in supporting the interlinked international conservation and sustainable development agendas.

Published
2020

107. Challenges in producing policy-relevant global scenarios of biodiversity and ecosystem services

Author

Environmental Sciences, Rosa, Isabel M.D., Purvis, Andy, Alkemade, Rob, Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, Ferrier, Simon, Guerra, Carlos A., Hurtt, George, Kim, Hye Jin, Leadley, Paul, Martins, Inês S., Popp, Alexander, Schipper, Aafke M., van Vuuren, Detlef, Pereira, Henrique M., Environmental Sciences, Rosa, Isabel M.D., Purvis, Andy, Alkemade, Rob, Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, Ferrier, Simon, Guerra, Carlos A., Hurtt, George, Kim, Hye Jin, Leadley, Paul, Martins, Inês S., Popp, Alexander, Schipper, Aafke M., van Vuuren, Detlef, and Pereira, Henrique M.

Published
2020

108. Resilience of food sufficiency to future climate and societal changes

Author

Weil, Charlotte, primary, Johnson, Justin, additional, Caristan, Romain, additional, Brauman, Kate, additional, Bodirsky, Benjamin, additional, Jalava, Mika, additional, Kummu, Matti, additional, Queiroz, Cibele, additional, Monier, Louis, additional, Popp, Alexander, additional, Ray, Deepak, additional, and Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, additional

Published
2021
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109. The Landscape Ecology of Pest Control Services: Cabbage Aphid-Syrphid Trophic Dynamics on California's Central Coast

Author

Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca Ellen

Subjects
Environmental Sciences, Biology, Ecology, ecosystem services, landscape ecology, pest control
Abstract

Agricultural pests can be reduced or controlled by naturally-occurring predators and parasitoids, but effective management of this ecosystem service requires an understanding of the factors contributing to its delivery. Pest control services are thought to be enhanced by natural habitat in agricultural landscapes, based on a large body of research demonstrating positive relationships between predator or parasitoid abundance on farms and the amount of nearby natural habitat. However, there is little or no evidence for a concomitant increase in pest control--if "control" is defined as the maintenance of pest populations below a certain level. The difficulty in measuring pest control by pest densities is that it is unknown how much more abundant pests would be in the absence of their enemies. This dissertation investigates different aspects of pest control to assess whether and under what conditions natural habitat can provide this ecosystem service to farms, using the study system of cabbage aphids (Brevicoryne brassicae) and their syrphid predators (Diptera: Syrphidae) in broccoli (Brassica oleracea) on California's Central Coast. A major factor that may affect the potential for natural habitat to provide pest control services is the presence of alternate host plants for pests within the weed community surrounding the farm. Physiological experiments show that one weedy relative of broccoli, black mustard (Brassica nigra), could serve as more than merely an alternate host. Due to its toxic chemistry, B. nigra allows cabbage aphids to develop more quickly than when on broccoli, and to build a mustard bomb that can compromise or kill their syrphid predators. Weedy B. nigra may provide a refuge from an important predator and thus could be serving as a source of aphid pests to crops. The potential for habitat around the farm to benefit pests as well as natural enemies is an important consideration in understanding the impact of habitat complexity on pest control services.Underlying spatial variation in pest distributions (whether due to alternate host plants or a number of other factors such as microclimate and dispersal) makes it difficult to detect the contribution of natural enemies to overall pest control. A cage experiment holding initial aphid densities constant across a landscape gradient measures the effect of habitat complexity on pest reduction by natural enemies, and reveals the importance of habitat at the landscape level as well as at the local on-farm level late in the growing season. Reduction of cabbage aphid densities is up to four times higher at more complex sites. The degree to which habitat at one scale could compensate for a lack of it at the other is dependent on aphid colonization and population growth early in the season, determined by abiotic factors such as temperature and dispersal patterns. In addition to considering such variation across spatial scales, this dissertation tackles variation in pest populations and the delivery of pest control services across temporal scales. A three-year survey involving weekly measurements of aphid and syrphid densities assesses the effect of natural habitat on different indicators of pest control services. Syrphid larval abundance increases strongly with the proportion of natural habitat surrounding the farm, and cabbage aphid population growth is reduced on farms with higher syrphid densities, resulting in a weak but significant decline of aphid densities with natural habitat. Pest control services delivered by natural habitat may be masked by inter-annual variation in environmental factors and by competing direct and indirect effects (i.e., landscape effects on the pests themselves versus on the natural enemies' control of pests). Therefore, longer term datasets are necessary in order to detect the true magnitude of pest control services provided by natural habitat.The results of this dissertation indicate that pests are indeed constrained to some extent by ecosystem services, but the degree to which this constraint can contribute to overall pest control is dependent on pest colonization and population growth early in the season. The role of natural habitat in promoting natural enemy communities is an important consideration for pest management, but must be employed with other methods of pest management for truly effective and reliable control.

Published
2010

110. Mapping the planet’s critical natural assets

Author

Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, primary, Neugarten, Rachel A, additional, Sharp, Richard P, additional, Collins, Pamela M, additional, Polasky, Stephen, additional, Hole, David, additional, Schuster, Richard, additional, Strimas-Mackey, Matthew, additional, Mulligan, Mark, additional, Brandon, Carter, additional, Diaz, Sandra, additional, Fluet-Chouinard, Etienne, additional, Gorenflo, LJ, additional, Johnson, Justin A, additional, Kennedy, Christina M, additional, Keys, Patrick W, additional, Longley-Wood, Kate, additional, McIntyre, Peter B, additional, Noon, Monica, additional, Pascual, Unai, additional, Liermann, Catherine Reidy, additional, Roehrdanz, Patrick R, additional, Schmidt-Traub, Guido, additional, Shaw, M Rebecca, additional, Spalding, Mark, additional, Turner, Will R, additional, van Soesbergen, Arnout, additional, and Watson, Reg A, additional

Published
2020
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111. Set ambitious goals for biodiversity and sustainability

Author

Díaz, Sandra, primary, Zafra-Calvo, Noelia, additional, Purvis, Andy, additional, Verburg, Peter H., additional, Obura, David, additional, Leadley, Paul, additional, Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, additional, De Meester, Luc, additional, Dulloo, Ehsan, additional, Martín-López, Berta, additional, Shaw, M. Rebecca, additional, Visconti, Piero, additional, Broadgate, Wendy, additional, Bruford, Michael W., additional, Burgess, Neil D., additional, Cavender-Bares, Jeannine, additional, DeClerck, Fabrice, additional, Fernández-Palacios, José María, additional, Garibaldi, Lucas A., additional, Hill, Samantha L. L., additional, Isbell, Forest, additional, Khoury, Colin K., additional, Krug, Cornelia B., additional, Liu, Jianguo, additional, Maron, Martine, additional, McGowan, Philip J. K., additional, Pereira, Henrique M., additional, Reyes-García, Victoria, additional, Rocha, Juan, additional, Rondinini, Carlo, additional, Shannon, Lynne, additional, Shin, Yunne-Jai, additional, Snelgrove, Paul V. R., additional, Spehn, Eva M., additional, Strassburg, Bernardo, additional, Subramanian, Suneetha M., additional, Tewksbury, Joshua J., additional, Watson, James E. M., additional, and Zanne, Amy E., additional

Published
2020
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113. Increasing decision relevance of ecosystem service science

Author

Mandle, Lisa, primary, Shields-Estrada, Analisa, additional, Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, additional, Mitchell, Matthew G. E., additional, Bremer, Leah L., additional, Gourevitch, Jesse D., additional, Hawthorne, Peter, additional, Johnson, Justin A., additional, Robinson, Brian E., additional, Smith, Jeffrey R., additional, Sonter, Laura J., additional, Verutes, Gregory M., additional, Vogl, Adrian L., additional, Daily, Gretchen C., additional, and Ricketts, Taylor H., additional

Published
2020
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115. Challenges in producing policy-relevant global scenarios of biodiversity and ecosystem services

Author

Rosa, Isabel M.D., primary, Purvis, Andy, additional, Alkemade, Rob, additional, Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, additional, Ferrier, Simon, additional, Guerra, Carlos A., additional, Hurtt, George, additional, Kim, HyeJin, additional, Leadley, Paul, additional, Martins, Inês S., additional, Popp, Alexander, additional, Schipper, Aafke M., additional, van Vuuren, Detlef, additional, and Pereira, Henrique M., additional

Published
2020
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116. Global trends in biodiversity and ecosystem services from 1900 to 2050

Author

Pereira, Henrique M., primary, Rosa, Isabel M.D., additional, Martins, Inês S., additional, Kim, HyeJin, additional, Leadley, Paul, additional, Popp, Alexander, additional, van Vuuren, Detlef P., additional, Hurtt, George, additional, Anthoni, Peter, additional, Arneth, Almut, additional, Baisero, Daniele, additional, Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, additional, Chini, Louise, additional, Di Fulvio, Fulvio, additional, Di Marco, Moreno, additional, Ferrier, Simon, additional, Fujimori, Shinichiro, additional, Guerra, Carlos A., additional, Harfoot, Michael, additional, Harwood, Thomas D., additional, Hasegawa, Tomoko, additional, Haverd, Vanessa, additional, Havlík, Petr, additional, Hellweg, Stefanie, additional, Hilbers, Jelle P., additional, Hill, Samantha L. L., additional, Hirata, Akiko, additional, Hoskins, Andrew J., additional, Humpenöder, Florian, additional, Janse, Jan H., additional, Jetz, Walter, additional, Johnson, Justin A., additional, Krause, Andreas, additional, Leclère, David, additional, Matsui, Tetsuya, additional, Meijer, Johan R., additional, Merow, Cory, additional, Obsersteiner, Michael, additional, Ohashi, Haruka, additional, Poulter, Benjamin, additional, Purvis, Andy, additional, Quesada, Benjamin, additional, Rondinini, Carlo, additional, Schipper, Aafke M., additional, Settele, Josef, additional, Sharp, Richard, additional, Stehfest, Elke, additional, Strassburg, Bernardo B. N., additional, Takahashi, Kiyoshi, additional, Talluto, Matthew V., additional, Thuiller, Wilfried, additional, Titeux, Nicolas, additional, Visconti, Piero, additional, Ware, Christopher, additional, Wolf, Florian, additional, and Alkemade, Rob, additional

Published
2020
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117. A review of models of natural pest control: toward predictions across agricultural landscapes

Author

Alexandridis, Nikolaos, primary, Marion, Glenn, additional, Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, additional, Dainese, Matteo, additional, Ekroos, Johan, additional, Grab, Heather, additional, Jonsson, Mattias, additional, Karp, Daniel S., additional, Meyer, Carsten, additional, O’Rourke, Megan E., additional, Pontarp, Mikael, additional, Poveda, Katja, additional, Seppelt, Ralf, additional, Smith, Henrik G., additional, Martin, Emily A., additional, and Clough, Yann, additional

Published
2020
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118. Where should livestock graze? Integrated modeling and optimization to guide grazing management in the Cañete basin, Peru

Author

Hamel, Perrine, Blundo Canto, Genowefa, Kowal, Virginia, Bryant, Benjamin P., Hawthorne, Peter L., Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, Hamel, Perrine, Blundo Canto, Genowefa, Kowal, Virginia, Bryant, Benjamin P., Hawthorne, Peter L., and Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca

Abstract

Integrated watershed management allows decision-makers to balance competing objectives, for example agricultural production and protection of water resources. Here, we developed a spatially-explicit approach to support such management in the Cañete watershed, Peru. We modeled the effect of grazing management on three services – livestock production, erosion control, and baseflow provision – and used an optimization routine to simulate landscapes providing the highest level of services. Over the entire watershed, there was a trade-off between livestock productivity and hydrologic services and we identified locations that minimized this trade-off for a given set of preferences. Given the knowledge gaps in ecohydrology and practical constraints not represented in the optimizer, we assessed the robustness of spatial recommendations, i.e. revealing areas most often selected by the optimizer. We conclude with a discussion of the practical decisions involved in using optimization frameworks to inform watershed management programs, and the research needs to better inform the design of such programs.

Published
2019

119. A global synthesis reveals biodiversity-mediated benefits for crop production

Author

School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Dainese, Matteo, Martin, Emily A., Aizen, Marcelo A., Albrecht, Matthias, Bartomeus, Ignasi, Bommarco, Riccardo, Carvalheiro, Luisa G., Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, Gagic, Vesna, Garibaldi, Lucas A., Ghazoul, Jaboury, Grab, Heather, Jonsson, Mattias, Karp, Daniel S., Kennedy, Christina M., Kleijn, David, Kremen, Claire, Landis, Douglas A., Letourneau, Deborah K., Marini, Lorenzo, Poveda, Katja, Rader, Romina, Smith, Henrik G., Tscharntke, Teja, Andersson, Georg K. S., Badenhausser, Isabelle, Baensch, Svenja, Bezerra, Antonio Diego M., Bianchi, Felix J. J. A., Boreux, Virginie, Bretagnolle, Vincent, Caballero-Lopez, Berta, Cavigliasso, Pablo, Cetkovic, Aleksandar, Chacoff, Natacha P., Classen, Alice, Cusser, Sarah, da Silva e Silva, Felipe D., de Groot, G. Arjen, Dudenhoeffer, Jan H., Ekroos, Johan, Fijen, Thijs, Franck, Pierre, Freitas, Breno M., Garratt, Michael P. D., Gratton, Claudio, Hipolito, Juliana, Holzschuh, Andrea, Hunt, Lauren, Iverson, Aaron L., Jha, Shalene, Keasar, Tamar, Kim, Tania N., Kishinevsky, Miriam, Klatt, Bjorn K., Klein, Alexandra-Maria, Krewenka, Kristin M., Krishnan, Smitha, Larsen, Ashley E., Lavigne, Claire, Liere, Heidi, Maas, Bea, Mallinger, Rachel E., Martinez Pachon, Eliana, Martinez-Salinas, Alejandra, Meehan, Timothy D., Mitchell, Matthew G. E., Molina, Gonzalo A. R., Nesper, Maike, Nilsson, Lovisa, O'Rourke, Megan E., Peters, Marcell K., Plecas, Milan, Potts, Simon G., Ramos, Davi de L., Rosenheim, Jay A., Rundlof, Maj, Rusch, Adrien, Saez, Agustin, Scheper, Jeroen, Schleuning, Matthias, Schmack, Julia M., Sciligo, Amber R., Seymour, Colleen, Stanley, Dara A., Stewart, Rebecca M., Stout, Jane C., Sutter, Louis, Takada, Mayura B., Taki, Hisatomo, Tamburini, Giovanni, Tschumi, Matthias, Viana, Blandina F., Westphal, Catrin, Willcox, Bryony K., Wratten, Stephen D., Yoshioka, Akira, Zaragoza-Trello, Carlos, Zhang, Wei, Zou, Yi, Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf, School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Dainese, Matteo, Martin, Emily A., Aizen, Marcelo A., Albrecht, Matthias, Bartomeus, Ignasi, Bommarco, Riccardo, Carvalheiro, Luisa G., Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, Gagic, Vesna, Garibaldi, Lucas A., Ghazoul, Jaboury, Grab, Heather, Jonsson, Mattias, Karp, Daniel S., Kennedy, Christina M., Kleijn, David, Kremen, Claire, Landis, Douglas A., Letourneau, Deborah K., Marini, Lorenzo, Poveda, Katja, Rader, Romina, Smith, Henrik G., Tscharntke, Teja, Andersson, Georg K. S., Badenhausser, Isabelle, Baensch, Svenja, Bezerra, Antonio Diego M., Bianchi, Felix J. J. A., Boreux, Virginie, Bretagnolle, Vincent, Caballero-Lopez, Berta, Cavigliasso, Pablo, Cetkovic, Aleksandar, Chacoff, Natacha P., Classen, Alice, Cusser, Sarah, da Silva e Silva, Felipe D., de Groot, G. Arjen, Dudenhoeffer, Jan H., Ekroos, Johan, Fijen, Thijs, Franck, Pierre, Freitas, Breno M., Garratt, Michael P. D., Gratton, Claudio, Hipolito, Juliana, Holzschuh, Andrea, Hunt, Lauren, Iverson, Aaron L., Jha, Shalene, Keasar, Tamar, Kim, Tania N., Kishinevsky, Miriam, Klatt, Bjorn K., Klein, Alexandra-Maria, Krewenka, Kristin M., Krishnan, Smitha, Larsen, Ashley E., Lavigne, Claire, Liere, Heidi, Maas, Bea, Mallinger, Rachel E., Martinez Pachon, Eliana, Martinez-Salinas, Alejandra, Meehan, Timothy D., Mitchell, Matthew G. E., Molina, Gonzalo A. R., Nesper, Maike, Nilsson, Lovisa, O'Rourke, Megan E., Peters, Marcell K., Plecas, Milan, Potts, Simon G., Ramos, Davi de L., Rosenheim, Jay A., Rundlof, Maj, Rusch, Adrien, Saez, Agustin, Scheper, Jeroen, Schleuning, Matthias, Schmack, Julia M., Sciligo, Amber R., Seymour, Colleen, Stanley, Dara A., Stewart, Rebecca M., Stout, Jane C., Sutter, Louis, Takada, Mayura B., Taki, Hisatomo, Tamburini, Giovanni, Tschumi, Matthias, Viana, Blandina F., Westphal, Catrin, Willcox, Bryony K., Wratten, Stephen D., Yoshioka, Akira, Zaragoza-Trello, Carlos, Zhang, Wei, Zou, Yi, and Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf

Abstract

Human land use threatens global biodiversity and compromises multiple ecosystem functions critical to food production. Whether crop yield-related ecosystem services can be maintained by a few dominant species or rely on high richness remains unclear. Using a global database from 89 studies (with 1475 locations), we partition the relative importance of species richness, abundance, and dominance for pollination; biological pest control; and final yields in the context of ongoing land-use change. Pollinator and enemy richness directly supported ecosystem services in addition to and independent of abundance and dominance. Up to 50% of the negative effects of landscape simplification on ecosystem services was due to richness losses of service-providing organisms, with negative consequences for crop yields. Maintaining the biodiversity of ecosystem service providers is therefore vital to sustain the flow of key agroecosystem benefits to society.

Published
2019

120. Measuring what matters: Actionable information for conservation biocontrol in multifunctional landscapes

Author

Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca; O'Rourke, Megan; Zhang, Wei; Robinson, Brian; Schellhorn, Nancy, http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2933-6275 Zhang, Wei, Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca; O'Rourke, Megan; Zhang, Wei; Robinson, Brian; Schellhorn, Nancy, and http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2933-6275 Zhang, Wei

Abstract

PR, IFPRI3; CRP5; 1 Fostering Climate-Resilient and Sustainable Food Supply, EPTD, CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE), Despite decades of study, conservation biocontrol via manipulation of landscape elements has not become a mainstream strategy for pest control. Meanwhile, conservation groups and governments rarely consider the impacts of land management on pest control, and growers can even fear that conservation biocontrol strategies may exacerbate pest problems. By finding leverage points among these actors, there may be opportunities to align them to promote more widespread adoption of conservation biological control at the landscape-scale. But are ecologists measuring the right things and presenting the right evidence to enable such alignment? We articulate key concerns of growers, conservation groups, and governments with regards to implementing conservation biological control at the landscape scale and argue that if ecologists want to gain more traction, we need to reconsider what we measure, for what goals, and for which audiences. A wider set of landscape objectives that ecologists should consider in our measurements include risk management for growers and co-benefits of multifunctional landscapes for public actors. Ecologists need to shift our paradigm toward longer-term, dynamic measurements, and build cross-disciplinary understanding with socioeconomic and behavioral sciences, to enable better integration of the objectives of these diverse actors that will be necessary for landscape management for conservation biocontrol to achieve its full potential.

Published
2019

121. InVEST User’s Guide

Author

Sharp, Richard, Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, Wood, Spencer, Guerry, Anne, Tallis, Heather, Ricketts, Taylor, Nelson, Erik, Ennaanay, Driss, Wolny, Stacie, Olwero, Nasser, Vigerstol, Kari, Derric Pennington, Mendoza, Guillermo, Aukema, Juliann, Foster, John, Forrest, Jessica, Cameron, Dick, Arkema, Katie, Lonsdorf, Eric, Kennedy, Christina, Verutes, Gregory, Chong-Ki Kim, Guannel, Gregory, Papenfus, Michael, Toft, Jodie, Marsik, Matthew, Bernhardt, Joey, Griffin, Robert, Glowinski, Kathryn, Chaumont, Nicholas, Perelman, Adam, Lacayo, Martin, Mandle, Lisa, Hamel, Perrine, Vogl, Adrian L., Rogers, Lauren, Bierbower, Will, Denu, Douglas, and Douglass, James

Published
2018
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122. Crop pests and predators exhibit inconsistent responses to surrounding landscape composition

Author

Karp, Daniel S., Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, Meehan, Timothy D., Martin, Emily A., DeClerck, Fabrice, Grab, Heather, Gratton, Claudio, Hunt, Lauren, Larsen, Ashley E., Martinez-Salinas, Alejandra, O'Rourke, Megan E., Rusch, Adrien, Poveda, Katja, Jonsson, Mattias, Rosenheim, Jay A., Schellhorn, Nancy A., Tscharntke, Teja, Wratten, Stephen D., Zhang, Wei, Iverson, Aaron L., Adler, Lynn S., Albrecht, Matthias, Alignier, Audrey, Angelella, Gina M., Anjum, Muhammad Zubair, Avelino, Jacques, Batary, Peter, Baveco, Johannes M., Bianchi, Felix J.J.A., Birkhofer, Klaus, Bohnenblust, Eric W., Bommarco, Riccardo, Brewer, Michael J., Caballero-López, Berta, Carrière, Yves, Carvalheiro, Luísa G., Cayuela, Luis, Centrella, Mary, Cetkovic, Aleksandar, Henri, Dominic Charles, Chabert, Ariane, Costamagna, Alejandro C., De la Mora, Aldo, De Kraker, Joop, Desneux, Nicolas, Diehl, Eva, Diekötter, Tim, Dormann, Carsten F., Eckberg, James O., Entling, Martin H., Fiedler, Daniela, Franck, Pierre, van Veen, Frank, Frank, Thomas, Gagic, Vesna, Garratt, Michael P.D., Getachew, Awraris, Gonthier, David J., Goodell, Peter B., Graziosi, Ignazio, Groves, Russell L., Gurr, Geoff M., Hajian-Forooshani, Zachary, Heimpel, George E., Herrmann, John D., Huseth, Anders S., Inclán, Diego J., Ingrao, Adam J., Iv, Phirun, Jacot, Katja, Johnson, Gregg A., Jones, Laura, Kaiser, Marina, Kaser, Joe M., Keasar, Tamar, Kim, Tania N., Kishinevsky, Miriam, Landis, Douglas A., Lavandero, Blas, Lavigne, Claire, Le Ralec, Anne, Lemessa, Debissa, Letourneau, Deborah K., Liere, Heidi, Lu, Yanhui, Lubin, Yael, Luttermoser, Tim, Maas, Bea, Mace, Kevi, Madeira, Felipe, Mader, Viktoria, Cortesero, Anne-Marie, Marini, Lorenzo, Martinez, Eliana, Martinson, Holly M., and Menozzi, Philippe

Subjects
F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture, H10 - Ravageurs des plantes
Abstract

The idea that noncrop habitat enhances pest control and represents a win–win opportunity to conserve biodiversity and bolster yields has emerged as an agroecological paradigm. However, while noncrop habitat in landscapes surrounding farms sometimes benefits pest predators, natural enemy responses remain heterogeneous across studies and effects on pests are inconclusive. The observed heterogeneity in species responses to noncrop habitat may be biological in origin or could result from variation in how habitat and biocontrol are measured. Here, we use a pest-control database encompassing 132 studies and 6,759 sites worldwide to model natural enemy and pest abundances, predation rates, and crop damage as a function of landscape composition. Our results showed that although landscape composition explained significant variation within studies, pest and enemy abundances, predation rates, crop damage, and yields each exhibited different responses across studies, sometimes increasing and sometimes decreasing in landscapes with more noncrop habitat but overall showing no consistent trend. Thus, models that used landscape-composition variables to predict pest-control dynamics demonstrated little potential to explain variation across studies, though prediction did improve when comparing studies with similar crop and landscape features. Overall, our work shows that surrounding noncrop habitat does not consistently improve pest management, meaning habitat conservation may bolster production in some systems and depress yields in others. Future efforts to develop tools that inform farmers when habitat conservation truly represents a win–win would benefit from increased understanding of how landscape effects are modulated by local farm management and the biology of pests and their enemies.

Published
2018

123. Global modeling of nature’s contributions to people

Author

Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, primary, Sharp, Richard P., additional, Weil, Charlotte, additional, Bennett, Elena M., additional, Pascual, Unai, additional, Arkema, Katie K., additional, Brauman, Kate A., additional, Bryant, Benjamin P., additional, Guerry, Anne D., additional, Haddad, Nick M., additional, Hamann, Maike, additional, Hamel, Perrine, additional, Johnson, Justin A., additional, Mandle, Lisa, additional, Pereira, Henrique M., additional, Polasky, Stephen, additional, Ruckelshaus, Mary, additional, Shaw, M. Rebecca, additional, Silver, Jessica M., additional, Vogl, Adrian L., additional, and Daily, Gretchen C., additional

Published
2019
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128. Reimagining the potential of Earth observations for ecosystem service assessments

Author

Ramirez-Reyes, Carlos, primary, Brauman, Kate A., additional, Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, additional, Galford, Gillian L., additional, Adamo, Susana B., additional, Anderson, Christopher B., additional, Anderson, Clarissa, additional, Allington, Ginger R.H., additional, Bagstad, Kenneth J., additional, Coe, Michael T., additional, Cord, Anna F., additional, Dee, Laura E., additional, Gould, Rachelle K., additional, Jain, Meha, additional, Kowal, Virginia A., additional, Muller-Karger, Frank E., additional, Norriss, Jessica, additional, Potapov, Peter, additional, Qiu, Jiangxiao, additional, Rieb, Jesse T., additional, Robinson, Brian E., additional, Samberg, Leah H., additional, Singh, Nagendra, additional, Szeto, Sabrina H., additional, Voigt, Brian, additional, Watson, Keri, additional, and Wright, T. Maxwell, additional

Published
2019
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129. A global synthesis reveals biodiversity-mediated benefits for crop production

Author

Dainese, Matteo, primary, Martin, Emily A., additional, Aizen, Marcelo A., additional, Albrecht, Matthias, additional, Bartomeus, Ignasi, additional, Bommarco, Riccardo, additional, Carvalheiro, Luisa G., additional, Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, additional, Gagic, Vesna, additional, Garibaldi, Lucas A., additional, Ghazoul, Jaboury, additional, Grab, Heather, additional, Jonsson, Mattias, additional, Karp, Daniel S., additional, Kennedy, Christina M., additional, Kleijn, David, additional, Kremen, Claire, additional, Landis, Douglas A., additional, Letourneau, Deborah K., additional, Marini, Lorenzo, additional, Poveda, Katja, additional, Rader, Romina, additional, Smith, Henrik G., additional, Tscharntke, Teja, additional, Andersson, Georg K.S., additional, Badenhausser, Isabelle, additional, Baensch, Svenja, additional, Bezerra, Antonio Diego M., additional, Bianchi, Felix J.J.A., additional, Boreux, Virginie, additional, Bretagnolle, Vincent, additional, Caballero-Lopez, Berta, additional, Cavigliasso, Pablo, additional, Ćetković, Aleksandar, additional, Chacoff, Natacha P., additional, Classen, Alice, additional, Cusser, Sarah, additional, da Silva e Silva, Felipe D., additional, de Groot, G. Arjen, additional, Dudenhöffer, Jan H., additional, Ekroos, Johan, additional, Fijen, Thijs, additional, Franck, Pierre, additional, Freitas, Breno M., additional, Garratt, Michael P.D., additional, Gratton, Claudio, additional, Hipólito, Juliana, additional, Holzschuh, Andrea, additional, Hunt, Lauren, additional, Iverson, Aaron L., additional, Jha, Shalene, additional, Keasar, Tamar, additional, Kim, Tania N., additional, Kishinevsky, Miriam, additional, Klatt, Björn K., additional, Klein, Alexandra-Maria, additional, Krewenka, Kristin M., additional, Krishnan, Smitha, additional, Larsen, Ashley E., additional, Lavigne, Claire, additional, Liere, Heidi, additional, Maas, Bea, additional, Mallinger, Rachel E., additional, Pachon, Eliana Martinez, additional, Martínez-Salinas, Alejandra, additional, Meehan, Timothy D., additional, Mitchell, Matthew G.E., additional, Molina, Gonzalo A.R., additional, Nesper, Maike, additional, Nilsson, Lovisa, additional, O’Rourke, Megan E., additional, Peters, Marcell K., additional, Plećaš, Milan, additional, Potts, Simon G., additional, Ramos, Davi de L., additional, Rosenheim, Jay A., additional, Rundlöf, Maj, additional, Rusch, Adrien, additional, Sáez, Agustín, additional, Scheper, Jeroen, additional, Schleuning, Matthias, additional, Schmack, Julia, additional, Sciligo, Amber R., additional, Seymour, Colleen, additional, Stanley, Dara A., additional, Stewart, Rebecca, additional, Stout, Jane C., additional, Sutter, Louis, additional, Takada, Mayura B., additional, Taki, Hisatomo, additional, Tamburini, Giovanni, additional, Tschumi, Matthias, additional, Viana, Blandina F., additional, Westphal, Catrin, additional, Willcox, Bryony K., additional, Wratten, Stephen D., additional, Yoshioka, Akira, additional, Zaragoza-Trello, Carlos, additional, Zhang, Wei, additional, Zou, Yi, additional, and Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf, additional

Published
2019
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130. A protocol for an intercomparison of biodiversity and ecosystem services models using harmonized land-use and climate scenarios

Author

Kim, Hyejin, Rosa, Isabel M.D., Alkemade, Rob, Leadley, Paul, Hurtt, George, Popp, Alexander, Van Vuuren, Detlef P., Anthoni, Peter, Arneth, Almut, Baisero, Daniele, Caton, Emma, Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, Chini, Louise, De Palma, Adriana, Di Fulvio, Fulvio, Di Marco, Moreno, Espinoza, Felipe, Ferrier, Simon, Fujimori, Shinichiro, Gonzalez, Ricardo E., Gueguen, Maya, Guerra, Carlos, Harfoot, Mike, Harwood, Thomas D., Hasegawa, Tomoko, Haverd, Vanessa, Havlík, Petr, Hellweg, Stefanie, Hill, Samantha L.L., Hirata, Akiko, Hoskins, Andrew J., Janse, Jan H., Jetz, Walter, Johnson, Justin A., Krause, Andreas, Leclère, David, Martins, Ines S., Matsui, Tetsuya, Merow, Cory, Obersteiner, Michael, Ohashi, Haruka, Poulter, Benjamin, Purvis, Andy, Quesada, Benjamin, Rondinini, Carlo, Schipper, Aafke M., Sharp, Richard, Takahashi, Kiyoshi, Thuiller, Wilfried, Titeux, Nicolas, Kim, Hyejin, Rosa, Isabel M.D., Alkemade, Rob, Leadley, Paul, Hurtt, George, Popp, Alexander, Van Vuuren, Detlef P., Anthoni, Peter, Arneth, Almut, Baisero, Daniele, Caton, Emma, Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, Chini, Louise, De Palma, Adriana, Di Fulvio, Fulvio, Di Marco, Moreno, Espinoza, Felipe, Ferrier, Simon, Fujimori, Shinichiro, Gonzalez, Ricardo E., Gueguen, Maya, Guerra, Carlos, Harfoot, Mike, Harwood, Thomas D., Hasegawa, Tomoko, Haverd, Vanessa, Havlík, Petr, Hellweg, Stefanie, Hill, Samantha L.L., Hirata, Akiko, Hoskins, Andrew J., Janse, Jan H., Jetz, Walter, Johnson, Justin A., Krause, Andreas, Leclère, David, Martins, Ines S., Matsui, Tetsuya, Merow, Cory, Obersteiner, Michael, Ohashi, Haruka, Poulter, Benjamin, Purvis, Andy, Quesada, Benjamin, Rondinini, Carlo, Schipper, Aafke M., Sharp, Richard, Takahashi, Kiyoshi, Thuiller, Wilfried, and Titeux, Nicolas

Abstract

To support the assessments of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES), the IPBES Expert Group on Scenarios and Models is carrying out an intercomparison of biodiversity and ecosystem services models using harmonized scenarios (BES-SIM). The goals of BES-SIM are (1) to project the global impacts of land-use and climate change on biodiversity and ecosystem services (i.e., nature's contributions to people) over the coming decades, compared to the 20th century, using a set of common metrics at multiple scales, and (2) to identify model uncertainties and research gaps through the comparisons of projected biodiversity and ecosystem services across models. BES-SIM uses three scenarios combining specific Shared Socio-economic Pathways (SSPs) and Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs)-SSP1xRCP2.6, SSP3xRCP6.0, SSP5xRCP8.6-to explore a wide range of land-use change and climate change futures. This paper describes the rationale for scenario selection, the process of harmonizing input data for land use, based on the second phase of the Land Use Harmonization Project (LUH2), and climate, the biodiversity and ecosystem services models used, the core simulations carried out, the harmonization of the model output metrics, and the treatment of uncertainty. The results of this collaborative modeling project will support the ongoing global assessment of IPBES, strengthen ties between IPBES and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) scenarios and modeling processes, advise the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) on its development of a post-2020 strategic plans and conservation goals, and inform the development of a new generation of nature-centred scenarios.

Published
2018

131. Distilling the role of ecosystem services in the Sustainable Development Goals

Author

Wood, Sylvia L. R., Jones, Sarah K., Johnson, Justin A., Brauman, Kate A., Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, Fremier, Alexander, Girvetz, Evan, Gordon, Line J., Kappel, Carrie V., Mandle, Lisa, Mulligan, Mark, O'Farrell, Patrick, Smith, William K., Willemen, Louise, Zhang, Wei, DeClerck, Fabrice A., Wood, Sylvia L. R., Jones, Sarah K., Johnson, Justin A., Brauman, Kate A., Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, Fremier, Alexander, Girvetz, Evan, Gordon, Line J., Kappel, Carrie V., Mandle, Lisa, Mulligan, Mark, O'Farrell, Patrick, Smith, William K., Willemen, Louise, Zhang, Wei, and DeClerck, Fabrice A.

Abstract

Achieving well-being for all, while protecting the environment, is one of the most pressing global challenges of our time, and a central idea in the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). We believe that integrating ecosystem services, the benefits nature provides to people, into strategies for meeting the SDGs can help achieve this. Many development goals are likely underpinned by the delivery of one or more ecosystem services. Understanding how these services could support multiple development targets will be essential for planning synergistic and cost-effective interventions. Here we present the results of an expert survey on the contributions of 16 ecosystem services to achieving SDG targets linked to environment and human well-being, and review the capacity of modelling tools to evaluate SDG-relevant ecosystem services interactions. Survey respondents judged that individual ecosystem services could make important contributions to achieving 41 targets across 12 SDGs. The provision of food and water, habitat & biodiversity maintenance, and carbon storage & sequestration were perceived to each make contributions to > 14 SDG targets, suggesting cross-target interactions are likely, and may present opportunities for synergistic outcomes across multiple SDGs. Existing modelling tools are well-aligned to support SDG-relevant ecosystem service planning. Together, this work identifies entry points and tools to further analyze the role of ecosystem services to support the SDGs.

Published
2018
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132. A protocol for an intercomparison of biodiversity and ecosystem services models using harmonized land-use and climate scenarios

Author

Environmental Sciences, Kim, Hyejin, Rosa, Isabel M.D., Alkemade, Rob, Leadley, Paul, Hurtt, George, Popp, Alexander, Van Vuuren, Detlef P., Anthoni, Peter, Arneth, Almut, Baisero, Daniele, Caton, Emma, Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, Chini, Louise, De Palma, Adriana, Di Fulvio, Fulvio, Di Marco, Moreno, Espinoza, Felipe, Ferrier, Simon, Fujimori, Shinichiro, Gonzalez, Ricardo E., Gueguen, Maya, Guerra, Carlos, Harfoot, Mike, Harwood, Thomas D., Hasegawa, Tomoko, Haverd, Vanessa, Havlík, Petr, Hellweg, Stefanie, Hill, Samantha L.L., Hirata, Akiko, Hoskins, Andrew J., Janse, Jan H., Jetz, Walter, Johnson, Justin A., Krause, Andreas, Leclère, David, Martins, Ines S., Matsui, Tetsuya, Merow, Cory, Obersteiner, Michael, Ohashi, Haruka, Poulter, Benjamin, Purvis, Andy, Quesada, Benjamin, Rondinini, Carlo, Schipper, Aafke M., Sharp, Richard, Takahashi, Kiyoshi, Thuiller, Wilfried, Titeux, Nicolas, Environmental Sciences, Kim, Hyejin, Rosa, Isabel M.D., Alkemade, Rob, Leadley, Paul, Hurtt, George, Popp, Alexander, Van Vuuren, Detlef P., Anthoni, Peter, Arneth, Almut, Baisero, Daniele, Caton, Emma, Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, Chini, Louise, De Palma, Adriana, Di Fulvio, Fulvio, Di Marco, Moreno, Espinoza, Felipe, Ferrier, Simon, Fujimori, Shinichiro, Gonzalez, Ricardo E., Gueguen, Maya, Guerra, Carlos, Harfoot, Mike, Harwood, Thomas D., Hasegawa, Tomoko, Haverd, Vanessa, Havlík, Petr, Hellweg, Stefanie, Hill, Samantha L.L., Hirata, Akiko, Hoskins, Andrew J., Janse, Jan H., Jetz, Walter, Johnson, Justin A., Krause, Andreas, Leclère, David, Martins, Ines S., Matsui, Tetsuya, Merow, Cory, Obersteiner, Michael, Ohashi, Haruka, Poulter, Benjamin, Purvis, Andy, Quesada, Benjamin, Rondinini, Carlo, Schipper, Aafke M., Sharp, Richard, Takahashi, Kiyoshi, Thuiller, Wilfried, and Titeux, Nicolas

Published
2018

133. Crop pests and predators exhibit inconsistent responses to surrounding landscape composition.

Author

Karp, Daniel S, Karp, Daniel S, Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, Meehan, Timothy D, Martin, Emily A, DeClerck, Fabrice, Grab, Heather, Gratton, Claudio, Hunt, Lauren, Larsen, Ashley E, Martínez-Salinas, Alejandra, O'Rourke, Megan E, Rusch, Adrien, Poveda, Katja, Jonsson, Mattias, Rosenheim, Jay A, Schellhorn, Nancy A, Tscharntke, Teja, Wratten, Stephen D, Zhang, Wei, Iverson, Aaron L, Adler, Lynn S, Albrecht, Matthias, Alignier, Audrey, Angelella, Gina M, Zubair Anjum, Muhammad, Avelino, Jacques, Batáry, Péter, Baveco, Johannes M, Bianchi, Felix JJA, Birkhofer, Klaus, Bohnenblust, Eric W, Bommarco, Riccardo, Brewer, Michael J, Caballero-López, Berta, Carrière, Yves, Carvalheiro, Luísa G, Cayuela, Luis, Centrella, Mary, Ćetković, Aleksandar, Henri, Dominic Charles, Chabert, Ariane, Costamagna, Alejandro C, De la Mora, Aldo, de Kraker, Joop, Desneux, Nicolas, Diehl, Eva, Diekötter, Tim, Dormann, Carsten F, Eckberg, James O, Entling, Martin H, Fiedler, Daniela, Franck, Pierre, Frank van Veen, FJ, Frank, Thomas, Gagic, Vesna, Garratt, Michael PD, Getachew, Awraris, Gonthier, David J, Goodell, Peter B, Graziosi, Ignazio, Groves, Russell L, Gurr, Geoff M, Hajian-Forooshani, Zachary, Heimpel, George E, Herrmann, John D, Huseth, Anders S, Inclán, Diego J, Ingrao, Adam J, Iv, Phirun, Jacot, Katja, Johnson, Gregg A, Jones, Laura, Kaiser, Marina, Kaser, Joe M, Keasar, Tamar, Kim, Tania N, Kishinevsky, Miriam, Landis, Douglas A, Lavandero, Blas, Lavigne, Claire, Le Ralec, Anne, Lemessa, Debissa, Letourneau, Deborah K, Liere, Heidi, Lu, Yanhui, Lubin, Yael, Luttermoser, Tim, Maas, Bea, Mace, Kevi, Madeira, Filipe, Mader, Viktoria, Cortesero, Anne Marie, Marini, Lorenzo, Martinez, Eliana, Martinson, Holly M, Menozzi, Philippe, Mitchell, Matthew GE, Miyashita, Tadashi, Molina, Gonzalo AR, Molina-Montenegro, Marco A, Karp, Daniel S, Karp, Daniel S, Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, Meehan, Timothy D, Martin, Emily A, DeClerck, Fabrice, Grab, Heather, Gratton, Claudio, Hunt, Lauren, Larsen, Ashley E, Martínez-Salinas, Alejandra, O'Rourke, Megan E, Rusch, Adrien, Poveda, Katja, Jonsson, Mattias, Rosenheim, Jay A, Schellhorn, Nancy A, Tscharntke, Teja, Wratten, Stephen D, Zhang, Wei, Iverson, Aaron L, Adler, Lynn S, Albrecht, Matthias, Alignier, Audrey, Angelella, Gina M, Zubair Anjum, Muhammad, Avelino, Jacques, Batáry, Péter, Baveco, Johannes M, Bianchi, Felix JJA, Birkhofer, Klaus, Bohnenblust, Eric W, Bommarco, Riccardo, Brewer, Michael J, Caballero-López, Berta, Carrière, Yves, Carvalheiro, Luísa G, Cayuela, Luis, Centrella, Mary, Ćetković, Aleksandar, Henri, Dominic Charles, Chabert, Ariane, Costamagna, Alejandro C, De la Mora, Aldo, de Kraker, Joop, Desneux, Nicolas, Diehl, Eva, Diekötter, Tim, Dormann, Carsten F, Eckberg, James O, Entling, Martin H, Fiedler, Daniela, Franck, Pierre, Frank van Veen, FJ, Frank, Thomas, Gagic, Vesna, Garratt, Michael PD, Getachew, Awraris, Gonthier, David J, Goodell, Peter B, Graziosi, Ignazio, Groves, Russell L, Gurr, Geoff M, Hajian-Forooshani, Zachary, Heimpel, George E, Herrmann, John D, Huseth, Anders S, Inclán, Diego J, Ingrao, Adam J, Iv, Phirun, Jacot, Katja, Johnson, Gregg A, Jones, Laura, Kaiser, Marina, Kaser, Joe M, Keasar, Tamar, Kim, Tania N, Kishinevsky, Miriam, Landis, Douglas A, Lavandero, Blas, Lavigne, Claire, Le Ralec, Anne, Lemessa, Debissa, Letourneau, Deborah K, Liere, Heidi, Lu, Yanhui, Lubin, Yael, Luttermoser, Tim, Maas, Bea, Mace, Kevi, Madeira, Filipe, Mader, Viktoria, Cortesero, Anne Marie, Marini, Lorenzo, Martinez, Eliana, Martinson, Holly M, Menozzi, Philippe, Mitchell, Matthew GE, Miyashita, Tadashi, Molina, Gonzalo AR, and Molina-Montenegro, Marco A

Abstract

The idea that noncrop habitat enhances pest control and represents a win-win opportunity to conserve biodiversity and bolster yields has emerged as an agroecological paradigm. However, while noncrop habitat in landscapes surrounding farms sometimes benefits pest predators, natural enemy responses remain heterogeneous across studies and effects on pests are inconclusive. The observed heterogeneity in species responses to noncrop habitat may be biological in origin or could result from variation in how habitat and biocontrol are measured. Here, we use a pest-control database encompassing 132 studies and 6,759 sites worldwide to model natural enemy and pest abundances, predation rates, and crop damage as a function of landscape composition. Our results showed that although landscape composition explained significant variation within studies, pest and enemy abundances, predation rates, crop damage, and yields each exhibited different responses across studies, sometimes increasing and sometimes decreasing in landscapes with more noncrop habitat but overall showing no consistent trend. Thus, models that used landscape-composition variables to predict pest-control dynamics demonstrated little potential to explain variation across studies, though prediction did improve when comparing studies with similar crop and landscape features. Overall, our work shows that surrounding noncrop habitat does not consistently improve pest management, meaning habitat conservation may bolster production in some systems and depress yields in others. Future efforts to develop tools that inform farmers when habitat conservation truly represents a win-win would benefit from increased understanding of how landscape effects are modulated by local farm management and the biology of pests and their enemies.

Published
2018

134. Crop pests and predators exhibit inconsistent responses to surrounding landscape composition

Author

Karp, Daniel S.; Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca; Meehan, Timothy D.; Martin, Emily A.; Zhang, Wei, http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2933-6275 Zhang, Wei, Karp, Daniel S.; Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca; Meehan, Timothy D.; Martin, Emily A.; Zhang, Wei, and http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2933-6275 Zhang, Wei

Abstract

PR, IFPRI3; ISI; DCA; CRP5; 1 Fostering Climate-Resilient and Sustainable Food Supply, EPTD, 8 pages, CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE), Decades of research have fostered the now-prevalent assumption that noncrop habitat facilitates better pest suppression by providing shelter and food resources to the predators and parasitoids of crop pests. Based on our analysis of the largest pest-control database of its kind, noncrop habitat surrounding farm fields does affect multiple dimensions of pest control, but the actual responses of pests and enemies are highly variable across geographies and cropping systems. Because noncrop habitat often does not enhance biological control, more information about local farming contexts is needed before habitat conservation can be recommended as a viable pest-suppression strategy. Consequently, when pest control does not benefit from noncrop vegetation, farms will need to be carefully comanaged for competing conservation and production objectives.

Published
2018

135. Distilling the role of ecosystem services in the Sustainable Development Goals

Author

Wood, Sylvia L. R.; Jones, Sarah K.; Johnson, Justin A.; Brauman, Kate A.; Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca; Zhang, Wei, http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2933-6275 Zhang, Wei, Wood, Sylvia L. R.; Jones, Sarah K.; Johnson, Justin A.; Brauman, Kate A.; Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca; Zhang, Wei, and http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2933-6275 Zhang, Wei

Abstract

PR, IFPRI3; ISI; CRP2; CRP5; E Building Resilience, EPTD; PIM, CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM); CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE)

Published
2018

136. Landscape simplification increases vineyard pest outbreaks and insecticide use.

Author

Paredes, Daniel, Rosenheim, Jay A., Chaplin‐Kramer, Rebecca, Winter, Silvia, Karp, Daniel S., and Mori, Akira

Subjects
LANDSCAPES, INSECTICIDE application, PEST control, INSECTICIDES, PESTS, VINEYARDS
Abstract

Diversifying agricultural landscapes may mitigate biodiversity declines and improve pest management. Yet landscapes are rarely managed to suppress pests, in part because researchers seldom measure key variables related to pest outbreaks and insecticides that drive management decisions. We used a 13‐year government database to analyse landscape effects on European grapevine moth (Lobesia botrana) outbreaks and insecticides across c. 400 Spanish vineyards. At harvest, we found pest outbreaks increased four‐fold in simplified, vineyard‐dominated landscapes compared to complex landscapes in which vineyards are surrounded by semi‐natural habitats. Similarly, insecticide applications doubled in vineyard‐dominated landscapes but declined in vineyards surrounded by shrubland. Importantly, pest population stochasticity would have masked these large effects if numbers of study sites and years were reduced to typical levels in landscape pest‐control studies. Our results suggest increasing landscape complexity may mitigate pest populations and insecticide applications. Habitat conservation represents an economically and environmentally sound approach for achieving sustainable grape production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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137. Species traits elucidate crop pest response to landscape composition: a global analysis.

Author

Tamburini, Giovanni, Santoiemma, Giacomo, O'Rourke, Megan E., Bommarco, Riccardo, Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, Dainese, Matteo, Karp, Daniel S., Kim, Tania N., Martin, Emily A., Petersen, Matt, and Marini, Lorenzo

Subjects
AGRICULTURAL pests, GLOBAL analysis (Mathematics), INSECT pests, LANDSCAPES, HOST plants, SUSTAINABLE design
Abstract

Recent synthesis studies have shown inconsistent responses of crop pests to landscape composition, imposing a fundamental limit to our capacity to design sustainable crop protection strategies to reduce yield losses caused by insect pests. Using a global dataset composed of 5242 observations encompassing 48 agricultural pest species and 26 crop species, we tested the role of pest traits (exotic status, host breadth and habitat breadth) and environmental context (crop type, range in landscape gradient and climate) in modifying the pest response to increasing semi-natural habitats in the surrounding landscape. For natives, increasing semi-natural habitats decreased the abundance of pests that exploit only crop habitats or that are highly polyphagous. On the contrary, populations of exotic pests increased with an increasing cover of semi-natural habitats. These effects might be related to changes in host plants and other resources across the landscapes and/or to modified top-down control by natural enemies. The range of the landscape gradient explored and climate did not affect pests, while crop type modified the response of pests to landscape composition. Although species traits and environmental context helped in explaining some of the variability in pest response to landscape composition, the observed large interspecific differences suggest that a portfolio of strategies must be considered and implemented for the effective control of rapidly changing communities of crop pests in agroecosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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138. A protocol for an intercomparison of biodiversity and ecosystem services models using harmonized land-use and climate scenarios

Author

Kim, HyeJin, primary, Rosa, Isabel M. D., additional, Alkemade, Rob, additional, Leadley, Paul, additional, Hurtt, George, additional, Popp, Alexander, additional, van Vuuren, Detlef P., additional, Anthoni, Peter, additional, Arneth, Almut, additional, Baisero, Daniele, additional, Caton, Emma, additional, Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, additional, Chini, Louise, additional, De Palma, Adriana, additional, Di Fulvio, Fulvio, additional, Di Marco, Moreno, additional, Espinoza, Felipe, additional, Ferrier, Simon, additional, Fujimori, Shinichiro, additional, Gonzalez, Ricardo E., additional, Gueguen, Maya, additional, Guerra, Carlos, additional, Harfoot, Mike, additional, Harwood, Thomas D., additional, Hasegawa, Tomoko, additional, Haverd, Vanessa, additional, Havlík, Petr, additional, Hellweg, Stefanie, additional, Hill, Samantha L. L., additional, Hirata, Akiko, additional, Hoskins, Andrew J., additional, Janse, Jan H., additional, Jetz, Walter, additional, Johnson, Justin A., additional, Krause, Andreas, additional, Leclère, David, additional, Martins, Ines S., additional, Matsui, Tetsuya, additional, Merow, Cory, additional, Obersteiner, Michael, additional, Ohashi, Haruka, additional, Poulter, Benjamin, additional, Purvis, Andy, additional, Quesada, Benjamin, additional, Rondinini, Carlo, additional, Schipper, Aafke M., additional, Sharp, Richard, additional, Takahashi, Kiyoshi, additional, Thuiller, Wilfried, additional, Titeux, Nicolas, additional, Visconti, Piero, additional, Ware, Christopher, additional, Wolf, Florian, additional, and Pereira, Henrique M., additional

Published
2018
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139. Crop pests and predators exhibit inconsistent responses to surrounding landscape composition

Author

Karp, Daniel S., primary, Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, additional, Meehan, Timothy D., additional, Martin, Emily A., additional, DeClerck, Fabrice, additional, Grab, Heather, additional, Gratton, Claudio, additional, Hunt, Lauren, additional, Larsen, Ashley E., additional, Martínez-Salinas, Alejandra, additional, O’Rourke, Megan E., additional, Rusch, Adrien, additional, Poveda, Katja, additional, Jonsson, Mattias, additional, Rosenheim, Jay A., additional, Schellhorn, Nancy A., additional, Tscharntke, Teja, additional, Wratten, Stephen D., additional, Zhang, Wei, additional, Iverson, Aaron L., additional, Adler, Lynn S., additional, Albrecht, Matthias, additional, Alignier, Audrey, additional, Angelella, Gina M., additional, Zubair Anjum, Muhammad, additional, Avelino, Jacques, additional, Batáry, Péter, additional, Baveco, Johannes M., additional, Bianchi, Felix J. J. A., additional, Birkhofer, Klaus, additional, Bohnenblust, Eric W., additional, Bommarco, Riccardo, additional, Brewer, Michael J., additional, Caballero-López, Berta, additional, Carrière, Yves, additional, Carvalheiro, Luísa G., additional, Cayuela, Luis, additional, Centrella, Mary, additional, Ćetković, Aleksandar, additional, Henri, Dominic Charles, additional, Chabert, Ariane, additional, Costamagna, Alejandro C., additional, De la Mora, Aldo, additional, de Kraker, Joop, additional, Desneux, Nicolas, additional, Diehl, Eva, additional, Diekötter, Tim, additional, Dormann, Carsten F., additional, Eckberg, James O., additional, Entling, Martin H., additional, Fiedler, Daniela, additional, Franck, Pierre, additional, Frank van Veen, F. J., additional, Frank, Thomas, additional, Gagic, Vesna, additional, Garratt, Michael P. D., additional, Getachew, Awraris, additional, Gonthier, David J., additional, Goodell, Peter B., additional, Graziosi, Ignazio, additional, Groves, Russell L., additional, Gurr, Geoff M., additional, Hajian-Forooshani, Zachary, additional, Heimpel, George E., additional, Herrmann, John D., additional, Huseth, Anders S., additional, Inclán, Diego J., additional, Ingrao, Adam J., additional, Iv, Phirun, additional, Jacot, Katja, additional, Johnson, Gregg A., additional, Jones, Laura, additional, Kaiser, Marina, additional, Kaser, Joe M., additional, Keasar, Tamar, additional, Kim, Tania N., additional, Kishinevsky, Miriam, additional, Landis, Douglas A., additional, Lavandero, Blas, additional, Lavigne, Claire, additional, Le Ralec, Anne, additional, Lemessa, Debissa, additional, Letourneau, Deborah K., additional, Liere, Heidi, additional, Lu, Yanhui, additional, Lubin, Yael, additional, Luttermoser, Tim, additional, Maas, Bea, additional, Mace, Kevi, additional, Madeira, Filipe, additional, Mader, Viktoria, additional, Cortesero, Anne Marie, additional, Marini, Lorenzo, additional, Martinez, Eliana, additional, Martinson, Holly M., additional, Menozzi, Philippe, additional, Mitchell, Matthew G. E., additional, Miyashita, Tadashi, additional, Molina, Gonzalo A. R., additional, Molina-Montenegro, Marco A., additional, O’Neal, Matthew E., additional, Opatovsky, Itai, additional, Ortiz-Martinez, Sebaastian, additional, Nash, Michael, additional, Östman, Örjan, additional, Ouin, Annie, additional, Pak, Damie, additional, Paredes, Daniel, additional, Parsa, Soroush, additional, Parry, Hazel, additional, Perez-Alvarez, Ricardo, additional, Perović, David J., additional, Peterson, Julie A., additional, Petit, Sandrine, additional, Philpott, Stacy M., additional, Plantegenest, Manuel, additional, Plećaš, Milan, additional, Pluess, Therese, additional, Pons, Xavier, additional, Potts, Simon G., additional, Pywell, Richard F., additional, Ragsdale, David W., additional, Rand, Tatyana A., additional, Raymond, Lucie, additional, Ricci, Benoît, additional, Sargent, Chris, additional, Sarthou, Jean-Pierre, additional, Saulais, Julia, additional, Schäckermann, Jessica, additional, Schmidt, Nick P., additional, Schneider, Gudrun, additional, Schüepp, Christof, additional, Sivakoff, Frances S., additional, Smith, Henrik G., additional, Stack Whitney, Kaitlin, additional, Stutz, Sonja, additional, Szendrei, Zsofia, additional, Takada, Mayura B., additional, Taki, Hisatomo, additional, Tamburini, Giovanni, additional, Thomson, Linda J., additional, Tricault, Yann, additional, Tsafack, Noelline, additional, Tschumi, Matthias, additional, Valantin-Morison, Muriel, additional, Van Trinh, Mai, additional, van der Werf, Wopke, additional, Vierling, Kerri T., additional, Werling, Ben P., additional, Wickens, Jennifer B., additional, Wickens, Victoria J., additional, Woodcock, Ben A., additional, Wyckhuys, Kris, additional, Xiao, Haijun, additional, Yasuda, Mika, additional, Yoshioka, Akira, additional, and Zou, Yi, additional

Published
2018
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140. Supplementary material to "A protocol for an intercomparison of biodiversity and ecosystem services models using harmonized land-use and climate scenarios"

Author

Kim, HyeJin, primary, Rosa, Isabel M. D., additional, Alkemade, Rob, additional, Leadley, Paul, additional, Hurtt, George, additional, Popp, Alexander, additional, van Vuuren, Detlef P, additional, Anthoni, Peter, additional, Arneth, Almut, additional, Baisero, Daniele, additional, Caton, Emma, additional, Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, additional, Chini, Louise, additional, De Palma, Adriana, additional, Di Fulvio, Fulvio, additional, Di Marco, Moreno, additional, Espinoza, Felipe, additional, Ferrier, Simon, additional, Fujimori, Shinichiro, additional, Gonzalez, Ricardo E., additional, Gueguen, Maya, additional, Guerra, Carlos, additional, Harfoot, Mike, additional, Harwood, Thomas D., additional, Hasegawa, Tomoko, additional, Haverd, Vanessa, additional, Havlík, Petr, additional, Hellweg, Stefanie, additional, Hill, Samantha L. L., additional, Hirata, Akiko, additional, Hoskins, Andrew J., additional, Janse, Jan H., additional, Jetz, Walter, additional, Johnson, Justin A., additional, Krause, Andreas, additional, Leclère, David, additional, Martins, Ines S., additional, Matsui, Tetsuya, additional, Merow, Cory, additional, Obersteiner, Michael, additional, Ohashi, Haruka, additional, Poulter, Benjamin, additional, Purvis, Andy, additional, Quesada, Benjamin, additional, Rondinini, Carlo, additional, Schipper, Aafke, additional, Sharp, Richard, additional, Takahashi, Kiyoshi, additional, Thuiller, Wilfried, additional, Titeux, Nicolas, additional, Visconti, Piero, additional, Ware, Christopher, additional, Wolf, Florian, additional, and Pereira, Henrique M., additional

Published
2018
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141. A global synthesis of the effects of diversified farming systems on arthropod diversity within fields and across agricultural landscapes

Author

Lichtenberg, Elinor M., Kennedy, Christina M., Kremen, Claire, Batáry, Péter, Berendse, Frank, Bommarco, Riccardo, Bosque-Pérez, Nilsa A., Carvalheiro, Luísa G., Snyder, William E., Williams, Neal M., Winfree, Rachael, Klatt, Björn K., Åström, Sandra, Benjamin, Faye, Brittain, Claire, Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, Clough, Yann, Danforth, Bryan, Diekötter, Tim, Eigenbrode, Sanford D., Ekroos, Johan, Elle, Elizabeth, Freitas, Breno M., Fukuda, Yuki, Gaines-Day, Hannah R., Grab, Heather, Gratton, Claudio, Holzschuh, Andrea, Isaacs, Rufus, Isaia, Marco, Jha, Shalene, Jonason, Dennis, Jones, Vincent P., Klein, Alexandra-Maria, Krauss, Jochen, Letourneau, Deborah K., Macfadyen, Sarina, Mallinger, Rachel E., Martin, Emily A., Martinez, Eliana, Memmott, Jane, Morandin, Lora, Neame, Lisa, Otieno, Mark, Park, Mia G., Pfiffner, Lukas, Pocock, Michael J. O., Ponce, Carlos, Potts, Simon G., Poveda, Katja, Ramos, Mariangie, Rosenheim, Jay A., Rundlöf, Maj, Sardiñas, Hillary, Saunders, Manu E., Schon, Nicole L., Sciligo, Amber R., Sidhu, C. Sheena, Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf, Tscharntke, Teja, Veselý, Milan, Weisser, Wolfgang W., Wilson, Julianna K., Crowder, David W., Lichtenberg, Elinor M., Kennedy, Christina M., Kremen, Claire, Batáry, Péter, Berendse, Frank, Bommarco, Riccardo, Bosque-Pérez, Nilsa A., Carvalheiro, Luísa G., Snyder, William E., Williams, Neal M., Winfree, Rachael, Klatt, Björn K., Åström, Sandra, Benjamin, Faye, Brittain, Claire, Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, Clough, Yann, Danforth, Bryan, Diekötter, Tim, Eigenbrode, Sanford D., Ekroos, Johan, Elle, Elizabeth, Freitas, Breno M., Fukuda, Yuki, Gaines-Day, Hannah R., Grab, Heather, Gratton, Claudio, Holzschuh, Andrea, Isaacs, Rufus, Isaia, Marco, Jha, Shalene, Jonason, Dennis, Jones, Vincent P., Klein, Alexandra-Maria, Krauss, Jochen, Letourneau, Deborah K., Macfadyen, Sarina, Mallinger, Rachel E., Martin, Emily A., Martinez, Eliana, Memmott, Jane, Morandin, Lora, Neame, Lisa, Otieno, Mark, Park, Mia G., Pfiffner, Lukas, Pocock, Michael J. O., Ponce, Carlos, Potts, Simon G., Poveda, Katja, Ramos, Mariangie, Rosenheim, Jay A., Rundlöf, Maj, Sardiñas, Hillary, Saunders, Manu E., Schon, Nicole L., Sciligo, Amber R., Sidhu, C. Sheena, Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf, Tscharntke, Teja, Veselý, Milan, Weisser, Wolfgang W., Wilson, Julianna K., and Crowder, David W.

Abstract

Agricultural intensification is a leading cause of global biodiversity loss, which can reduce the provisioning of ecosystem services in managed ecosystems. Organic farming and plant diversification are farm management schemes that may mitigate potential ecological harm by increasing species richness and boosting related ecosystem services to agroecosystems. What remains unclear is the extent to which farm management schemes affect biodiversity components other than species richness, and whether impacts differ across spatial scales and landscape contexts. Using a global metadataset, we quantified the effects of organic farming and plant diversification on abundance, local diversity (communities within fields), and regional diversity (communities across fields) of arthropod pollinators, predators, herbivores, and detritivores. Both organic farming and higher in-field plant diversity enhanced arthropod abundance, particularly for rare taxa. This resulted in increased richness but decreased evenness. While these responses were stronger at local relative to regional scales, richness and abundance increased at both scales, and richness on farms embedded in complex relative to simple landscapes. Overall, both organic farming and in-field plant diversification exerted the strongest effects on pollinators and predators, suggesting these management schemes can facilitate ecosystem service providers without augmenting herbivore (pest) populations. Our results suggest that organic farming and plant diversification promote diverse arthropod metacommunities that may provide temporal and spatial stability of ecosystem service provisioning. Conserving diverse plant and arthropod communities in farming systems therefore requires sustainable practices that operate both within fields and across landscapes.

Published
2017
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142. The Challenges of Applying Planetary Boundaries as a Basis for Strategic Decision-Making in Companies with Global Supply Chains

Author

Clift, Roland, Sim, Sarah, King, Henry, Chenoweth, Jonathan L., Christie, Ian, Clavreul, Julie, Mueller, Carina, Posthuma, Leo, Boulay, Anne-Marie, Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, Chatterton, Julia, DeClerck, Fabrice, Druckman, Angela, France, Chris, Franco, Antonio, Gerten, Dieter, Goedkoop, Mark, Hauschild, Michael Z., Huijbregts, Mark A. J., Koellner, Thomas, Lambin, Eric F., Lee, Jacquetta, Mair, Simon, Marshall, Stuart, McLachlan, Michael S., Mila i Canals, Llorenc, Mitchell, Cynthia, Price, Edward, Rockström, Johan, Suckling, James, Murphy, Richard, Clift, Roland, Sim, Sarah, King, Henry, Chenoweth, Jonathan L., Christie, Ian, Clavreul, Julie, Mueller, Carina, Posthuma, Leo, Boulay, Anne-Marie, Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, Chatterton, Julia, DeClerck, Fabrice, Druckman, Angela, France, Chris, Franco, Antonio, Gerten, Dieter, Goedkoop, Mark, Hauschild, Michael Z., Huijbregts, Mark A. J., Koellner, Thomas, Lambin, Eric F., Lee, Jacquetta, Mair, Simon, Marshall, Stuart, McLachlan, Michael S., Mila i Canals, Llorenc, Mitchell, Cynthia, Price, Edward, Rockström, Johan, Suckling, James, and Murphy, Richard

Abstract

The Planetary Boundaries (PB) framework represents a significant advance in specifying the ecological constraints on human development. However, to enable decision-makers in business and public policy to respect these constraints in strategic planning, the PB framework needs to be developed to generate practical tools. With this objective in mind, we analyse the recent literature and highlight three major scientific and technical challenges in operationalizing the PB approach in decision-making: first, identification of thresholds or boundaries with associated metrics for different geographical scales; second, the need to frame approaches to allocate fair shares in the 'safe operating space' bounded by the PBs across the value chain and; third, the need for international bodies to co-ordinate the implementation of the measures needed to respect the Planetary Boundaries. For the first two of these challenges, we consider how they might be addressed for four PBs: climate change, freshwater use, biosphere integrity and chemical pollution and other novel entities. Four key opportunities are identified: (1) development of a common system of metrics that can be applied consistently at and across different scales; (2) setting 'distance from boundary' measures that can be applied at different scales; (3) development of global, preferably open-source, databases and models; and (4) advancing understanding of the interactions between the different PBs. Addressing the scientific and technical challenges in operationalizing the planetary boundaries needs be complemented with progress in addressing the equity and ethical issues in allocating the safe operating space between companies and sectors.

Published
2017
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143. The Challenges of Applying Planetary Boundaries as a Basis for Strategic Decision-Making in Companies with Global Supply Chains

Author

UCL - SST/ELI/ELIC - Earth & Climate, Clift, Roland, Sim, Sarah, King, Henry, Chenoweth, Jonathan, Christie, Ian, Clavreul, Julie, Mueller, Carina, Posthuma, Leo, Boulay, Anne-Marie, Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, Chatterton, Julia, DeClerck, Fabrice, Druckman, Angela, France, Chris, Franco, Antonio, Gerten, Dieter, Goedkoop, Mark, Hauschild, Michael, Huijbregts, Mark, Koellner, Thomas, Lambin, Eric, Lee, Jacquetta, Mair, Simon, Marshall, Stuart, McLachlan, Michael, Milà i Canals, Llorenç, Mitchell, Cynthia, Price, Edward, Rockström, Johan, Suckling, James, Murphy, Richard, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIC - Earth & Climate, Clift, Roland, Sim, Sarah, King, Henry, Chenoweth, Jonathan, Christie, Ian, Clavreul, Julie, Mueller, Carina, Posthuma, Leo, Boulay, Anne-Marie, Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, Chatterton, Julia, DeClerck, Fabrice, Druckman, Angela, France, Chris, Franco, Antonio, Gerten, Dieter, Goedkoop, Mark, Hauschild, Michael, Huijbregts, Mark, Koellner, Thomas, Lambin, Eric, Lee, Jacquetta, Mair, Simon, Marshall, Stuart, McLachlan, Michael, Milà i Canals, Llorenç, Mitchell, Cynthia, Price, Edward, Rockström, Johan, Suckling, James, and Murphy, Richard

Abstract

The Planetary Boundaries (PB) framework represents a significant advance in specifying the ecological constraints on human development. However, to enable decision-makers in business and public policy to respect these constraints in strategic planning, the PB framework needs to be developed to generate practical tools. With this objective in mind, we analyse the recent literature and highlight three major scientific and technical challenges in operationalizing the PB approach in decision-making: first, identification of thresholds or boundaries with associated metrics for different geographical scales; second, the need to frame approaches to allocate fair shares in the ‘safe operating space’ bounded by the PBs across the value chain and; third, the need for international bodies to co-ordinate the implementation of the measures needed to respect the Planetary Boundaries. For the first two of these challenges, we consider how they might be addressed for four PBs: climate change, freshwater use, biosphere integrity and chemical pollution and other novel entities. Four key opportunities are identified: (1) development of a common system of metrics that can be applied consistently at and across different scales; (2) setting ‘distance from boundary’ measures that can be applied at different scales; (3) development of global, preferably open-source, databases and models; and (4) advancing understanding of the interactions between the different PBs. Addressing the scientific and technical challenges in operationalizing the planetary boundaries needs be complemented with progress in addressing the equity and ethical issues in allocating the safe operating space between companies and sectors.

Published
2017

144. A global synthesis of the effects of diversified farming systems on arthropod diversity within fields and across agricultural landscapes

Author

Department of Agriculture (US), European Commission, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Brasil), Lichtenberg, Elinor M., Kennedy, Cristina M., Kremen, Claire, Batáry, Péter, Berendse, F., Bommarco, Riccardo, Bosque‐Pérez, Nilsa A., Carvalheiro, Luisa G., Snyder, William E., Williams, Neal M, Winfree, Rachael, Klatt, Björn K., Åström, Sandra, Benjamin, Faye, Brittain, Claire, Chaplin‐Kramer, Rebecca, Clough, Yann, Danforth, Bryan, Diekötter, Tim, Eigenbrode, Sanford D., Ekroos, Johan, Elle, Elizabeth, Freitas, B.M., Fukuda, Yuki, Gaines‐Day, Hannah R., Grab, Heather, Gratton, Claudio, Holzschuh, Andrea, Isaacs, Rufus, Isaia, Marco, Jha, Shalene, Jonason, Denis, Jones, Vincent P., Klein, Alexandra‐Maria, Krauss, Jochen, Letourneau, Deborah K., Macfadyen, Sarina, Mallinger, Rachel E., Martin, Emily A., Martinez, Eliana, Memmott, Jane, Morandin, Lora, Neame, Lisa, Otieno, Mark, Park, Mia G., Pfiffner, Lukas, Pocock, Michael J. O., Ponce, Carlos, Potts, Simon G., Poveda, Katja, Ramos, Mariangie, Rosenheim, Jay A., Rundlöf, Maj, Sardiñas, Hillary, Saunders, Manu E., Schon, Nicole L., Sciligo, Amber R., Sidhu, C. Sheena, Steffan‐Dewenter, Ingolf, Tscharntke, Teja, Veselý, Milan, Weisser, Wolfgang, Wilson, Julianna K., Crowder, David W., Department of Agriculture (US), European Commission, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Brasil), Lichtenberg, Elinor M., Kennedy, Cristina M., Kremen, Claire, Batáry, Péter, Berendse, F., Bommarco, Riccardo, Bosque‐Pérez, Nilsa A., Carvalheiro, Luisa G., Snyder, William E., Williams, Neal M, Winfree, Rachael, Klatt, Björn K., Åström, Sandra, Benjamin, Faye, Brittain, Claire, Chaplin‐Kramer, Rebecca, Clough, Yann, Danforth, Bryan, Diekötter, Tim, Eigenbrode, Sanford D., Ekroos, Johan, Elle, Elizabeth, Freitas, B.M., Fukuda, Yuki, Gaines‐Day, Hannah R., Grab, Heather, Gratton, Claudio, Holzschuh, Andrea, Isaacs, Rufus, Isaia, Marco, Jha, Shalene, Jonason, Denis, Jones, Vincent P., Klein, Alexandra‐Maria, Krauss, Jochen, Letourneau, Deborah K., Macfadyen, Sarina, Mallinger, Rachel E., Martin, Emily A., Martinez, Eliana, Memmott, Jane, Morandin, Lora, Neame, Lisa, Otieno, Mark, Park, Mia G., Pfiffner, Lukas, Pocock, Michael J. O., Ponce, Carlos, Potts, Simon G., Poveda, Katja, Ramos, Mariangie, Rosenheim, Jay A., Rundlöf, Maj, Sardiñas, Hillary, Saunders, Manu E., Schon, Nicole L., Sciligo, Amber R., Sidhu, C. Sheena, Steffan‐Dewenter, Ingolf, Tscharntke, Teja, Veselý, Milan, Weisser, Wolfgang, Wilson, Julianna K., and Crowder, David W.

Abstract

Agricultural intensification is a leading cause of global biodiversity loss, which can reduce the provisioning of ecosystem services in managed ecosystems. Organic farming and plant diversification are farm management schemes that may mitigate potential ecological harm by increasing species richness and boosting related ecosystem services to agroecosystems. What remains unclear is the extent to which farm management schemes affect biodiversity components other than species richness, and whether impacts differ across spatial scales and landscape contexts. Using a global metadataset, we quantified the effects of organic farming and plant diversification on abundance, local diversity (communities within fields), and regional diversity (communities across fields) of arthropod pollinators, predators, herbivores, and detritivores. Both organic farming and higher in‐field plant diversity enhanced arthropod abundance, particularly for rare taxa. This resulted in increased richness but decreased evenness. While these responses were stronger at local relative to regional scales, richness and abundance increased at both scales, and richness on farms embedded in complex relative to simple landscapes. Overall, both organic farming and in‐field plant diversification exerted the strongest effects on pollinators and predators, suggesting these management schemes can facilitate ecosystem service providers without augmenting herbivore (pest) populations. Our results suggest that organic farming and plant diversification promote diverse arthropod metacommunities that may provide temporal and spatial stability of ecosystem service provisioning. Conserving diverse plant and arthropod communities in farming systems therefore requires sustainable practices that operate both within fields and across landscapes.

Published
2017

146. A global synthesis of the effects of diversified farming systems on arthropod diversity within fields and across agricultural landscapes

Author

Lichtenberg, Elinor M., primary, Kennedy, Christina M., additional, Kremen, Claire, additional, Batáry, Péter, additional, Berendse, Frank, additional, Bommarco, Riccardo, additional, Bosque‐Pérez, Nilsa A., additional, Carvalheiro, Luísa G., additional, Snyder, William E., additional, Williams, Neal M., additional, Winfree, Rachael, additional, Klatt, Björn K., additional, Åström, Sandra, additional, Benjamin, Faye, additional, Brittain, Claire, additional, Chaplin‐Kramer, Rebecca, additional, Clough, Yann, additional, Danforth, Bryan, additional, Diekötter, Tim, additional, Eigenbrode, Sanford D., additional, Ekroos, Johan, additional, Elle, Elizabeth, additional, Freitas, Breno M., additional, Fukuda, Yuki, additional, Gaines‐Day, Hannah R., additional, Grab, Heather, additional, Gratton, Claudio, additional, Holzschuh, Andrea, additional, Isaacs, Rufus, additional, Isaia, Marco, additional, Jha, Shalene, additional, Jonason, Dennis, additional, Jones, Vincent P., additional, Klein, Alexandra‐Maria, additional, Krauss, Jochen, additional, Letourneau, Deborah K., additional, Macfadyen, Sarina, additional, Mallinger, Rachel E., additional, Martin, Emily A., additional, Martinez, Eliana, additional, Memmott, Jane, additional, Morandin, Lora, additional, Neame, Lisa, additional, Otieno, Mark, additional, Park, Mia G., additional, Pfiffner, Lukas, additional, Pocock, Michael J. O., additional, Ponce, Carlos, additional, Potts, Simon G., additional, Poveda, Katja, additional, Ramos, Mariangie, additional, Rosenheim, Jay A., additional, Rundlöf, Maj, additional, Sardiñas, Hillary, additional, Saunders, Manu E., additional, Schon, Nicole L., additional, Sciligo, Amber R., additional, Sidhu, C. Sheena, additional, Steffan‐Dewenter, Ingolf, additional, Tscharntke, Teja, additional, Veselý, Milan, additional, Weisser, Wolfgang W., additional, Wilson, Julianna K., additional, and Crowder, David W., additional

Published
2017
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147. Life cycle assessment needs predictive spatial modelling for biodiversity and ecosystem services

Author

Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, primary, Sim, Sarah, additional, Hamel, Perrine, additional, Bryant, Benjamin, additional, Noe, Ryan, additional, Mueller, Carina, additional, Rigarlsford, Giles, additional, Kulak, Michal, additional, Kowal, Virginia, additional, Sharp, Richard, additional, Clavreul, Julie, additional, Price, Edward, additional, Polasky, Stephen, additional, Ruckelshaus, Mary, additional, and Daily, Gretchen, additional

Published
2017
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148. The Challenges of Applying Planetary Boundaries as a Basis for Strategic Decision-Making in Companies with Global Supply Chains

Author

Clift, Roland, primary, Sim, Sarah, additional, King, Henry, additional, Chenoweth, Jonathan, additional, Christie, Ian, additional, Clavreul, Julie, additional, Mueller, Carina, additional, Posthuma, Leo, additional, Boulay, Anne-Marie, additional, Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, additional, Chatterton, Julia, additional, DeClerck, Fabrice, additional, Druckman, Angela, additional, France, Chris, additional, Franco, Antonio, additional, Gerten, Dieter, additional, Goedkoop, Mark, additional, Hauschild, Michael, additional, Huijbregts, Mark, additional, Koellner, Thomas, additional, Lambin, Eric, additional, Lee, Jacquetta, additional, Mair, Simon, additional, Marshall, Stuart, additional, McLachlan, Michael, additional, Milà i Canals, Llorenç, additional, Mitchell, Cynthia, additional, Price, Edward, additional, Rockström, Johan, additional, Suckling, James, additional, and Murphy, Richard, additional

Published
2017
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149. When natural habitat fails to enhance biological pest control – Five hypotheses

Author

Tscharntke, Teja; Karp, Daniel S.; Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca; Batáry, Péter; DeClerck, Fabrice; Gratton, Claudio; Hunt, Lauren; Ives, Anthony; Jonsson, Mattias; Larsen, Ashley; Martin, Emily A.; Martínez-Salinas, Alejandra; Meehan, Timothy D.; O'Rourke, Megan; Poveda, Katja; Rosenheim, Jay A.; Rusch, Adrien; Schellhorn, Nancy; Wanger, Thomas C.; Wratten, Stephen; Zhang, Wei, http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2933-6275 Zhang, Wei, Tscharntke, Teja; Karp, Daniel S.; Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca; Batáry, Péter; DeClerck, Fabrice; Gratton, Claudio; Hunt, Lauren; Ives, Anthony; Jonsson, Mattias; Larsen, Ashley; Martin, Emily A.; Martínez-Salinas, Alejandra; Meehan, Timothy D.; O'Rourke, Megan; Poveda, Katja; Rosenheim, Jay A.; Rusch, Adrien; Schellhorn, Nancy; Wanger, Thomas C.; Wratten, Stephen; Zhang, Wei, and http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2933-6275 Zhang, Wei

Abstract

Non-PR, IFPRI5; CRP5; A Ensuring Sustainable food production; E Building Resilience, EPTD, CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE)

Published
2016

150. Transformation for inclusive conservation: evidence on values, decisions, and impacts in protected areas.

Author

Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, Neugarten, Rachel A, Gonzalez-Jimenez, David, Ahmadia, Gabby, Baird, Timothy D, Crane, Nicole, Delgoulet, Elise, Eyster, Harold N, Kurashima, Natalie, Llopis, Jorge C, Millington, Alice, Pawlowska-Mainville, Agnieszka, Rulmal, John, Saunders, Fred, Shrestha, Sushma, Vaughan, Mehana Blaich, Winter, Kawika B, Wongbusarakum, Supin, and Pascual, Unai

Abstract

As countries consider new area-based conservation targets under the Convention on Biological Diversity, protected areas (PAs) and their impacts on people and nature are coming under increasing scrutiny. We review the evidence base on PA impacts, combining the findings from existing rigorous impact evaluations with local case studies developed for this study. We identify characteristics of PA establishment and management that improve the sustainability of biodiversity conservation and justice for local communities. We find that recognizing and respecting local values and knowledge about natural resource stewardship, colearning, and comanagement are key to achieving positive impacts for nature and people. Transforming PA governance toward more inclusive conservation depends upon the ability of PAs to be designed and implemented around the values and needs of local people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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