302 results on '"Cerami, C"'
Search Results
102. Emotion recognition from facial expressions: a normative study of the Ekman 60-Faces Test in the Italian population
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Chiara Cerami, Stefano F. Cappa, Chiara Crespi, M Arpone, Nicola Canessa, Alessandra Marcone, Alessandra Dodich, Sabrina Realmuto, Dodich, A, Cerami, C, Canessa, N, Crespi, C, Marcone, A, Arpone, M, Realmuto, S, and Cappa, SF
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Adult ,Male ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Emotion classification ,Emotions ,Context (language use) ,Dermatology ,Anger ,Neuropsychological Tests ,Developmental psychology ,Young Adult ,Social cognition ,Reference Values ,Humans ,media_common ,Aged ,Facial expression ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,Ekman 60-faces test ,Disgust ,Sadness ,Facial Expression ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Italy ,Pattern Recognition, Visual ,Face ,Normative ,Educational Status ,Female ,Neurology (clinical) ,Emotion recognition ,Psychology ,Mental Status Schedule ,Photic Stimulation - Abstract
The Ekman 60-Faces (EK-60F) Test is a well-known neuropsychological tool assessing emotion recognition from facial expressions. It is the most employed task for research purposes in psychiatric and neurological disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases, such as the behavioral variant of Frontotemporal Dementia (bvFTD). Despite its remarkable usefulness in the social cognition research field, to date, there are still no normative data for the Italian population, thus limiting its application in a clinical context. In this study, we report procedures and normative data for the Italian version of the test. A hundred and thirty-two healthy Italian participants aged between 20 and 79 years with at least 5 years of education were recruited on a voluntary basis. They were administered the EK-60F Test from the Ekman and Friesen series of Pictures of Facial Affect after a preliminary semantic recognition test of the six basic emotions (i.e., anger, fear, sadness, happiness, disgust, surprise). Data were analyzed according to the Capitani procedure [1]. The regression analysis revealed significant effects of demographic variables, with younger, more educated, female subjects showing higher scores. Normative data were then applied to a sample of 15 bvFTD patients which showed global impaired performance in the task, consistently with the clinical condition. We provided EK-60F Test normative data for the Italian population allowing the investigation of global emotion recognition ability as well as selective impairment of basic emotions recognition, both for clinical and research purposes.
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- 2013
103. Emotional empathy in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a behavioural and voxel-based morphometry study
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Massimo Corbo, Christian Lunetta, Alessandra Dodich, Stefano F. Cappa, Sandro Iannaccone, Andrea Falini, Chiara Cerami, Elisa Scola, Chiara Crespi, Nicola Canessa, Monica Consonni, Cerami, C, Dodich, A, Canessa, N, Crespi, C, Iannaccone, S, Corbo, M, Lunetta, C, Consonni, M, Scola, E, Falini, Andrea, and Cappa, S. F.
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Male ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Statistics as Topic ,Empathy ,Neuropsychological Tests ,Social cognition ,medicine ,Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ,Dementia ,Humans ,Affective Symptoms ,Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ,Anterior cingulate cortex ,media_common ,Aged ,Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ,Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ,Brain ,Cognition ,Voxel-based morphometry ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Neurology ,Female ,Neurology (clinical) ,Psychology ,Cognition Disorders ,Neuroscience ,Comic strip ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a multisystem condition, in which executive and/or behavioural symptoms can occur. Defi cits of social cognition, including defective cognitive and emotional empathy, have been recently reported in ALS subjects. The neurostructural correlates of these disorders in ALS are still unknown. The aims of this study were to evaluate two components of empathy in non-demented ALS subjects, and to associate performance with regional greymatter density using voxel-based morphometry (VBM). Twenty non-demented sporadic probable or defi nite ALS patients and 56 matched healthy controls (HC) participated in a non-verbal task requiring the attribution of emotional versus cognitive states to identify the correct ending of comic strips, compared with a control condition requiring identifying causal relationships devoid of social components. A subgroup of 14 ALS and 20 HC joined the VBM study. Results demonstrated that, compared with controls, ALS patients showed defective emotional empathy attribution, related with reduced grey-matter density in the anterior cingulate cortex and right inferior frontal gyrus. Our study provided evidence of a specifi c impairment of emotional empathy in ALS patients, refl ecting neural damage in a limbic prefrontal network involved in emotional processing. Social cognition disorders may represent a marker of cognitive dysfunction in ALS.
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- 2013
104. Autosomal dominant frontotemporal lobar degeneration due to the C9ORF72 hexanucleotide repeat expansion: late-onset psychotic clinical presentation
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Irene Piaceri, Giacomo P. Comi, Elio Scarpini, Annachiara Cagnin, Alessandra Marcone, Federica Agosta, Giuseppe Magnani, Patrizia Ferrero, Sandro Sorbi, Giuseppina Talarico, Maria Serpente, Alessandra Clodomiro, Claudio Mariani, Zhengrui Xi, Massimo Filippi, Elisa Rubino, Giancarlo Comi, Massimo Franceschi, Paola Piscopo, Andrea Arighi, Chiara Fenoglio, Francesca Clerici, Chiara Cerami, Valentina Bessi, Bernardo Dell'Osso, Giorgio G. Fumagalli, Chiara Cupidi, Maria Anfossi, Annamaria Confaloni, Chiara Villa, Giuseppe Bruno, Maria Teresa Giordana, Rossana Bonsi, Daniela Galimberti, Amalia C. Bruni, Innocenzo Rainero, Ekaterina Rogaeva, Silvia Bagnoli, A. Carlo Altamura, Stefano F. Cappa, Roberto Del Bo, Benedetta Nacmias, Galimberti, D, Fenoglio, C, Serpente, M, Villa, C, Bonsi, R, Arighi, A, Fumagalli, Gg, Del Bo, M, Bruni, Ac, Anfossi, M, Clodomiro, A, Cupidi, C, Nacmias, B, Sorbi, S, Piaceri, I, Bagnoli, S, Bessi, V, Marcone, A, Cerami, C, Cappa, Sf, Filippi, M, Agosta, F, Magnani, G, Comi, G, Franceschi, M, Rainero, I, Giordana, Mt, Rubino, E, Ferrero, P, Rogaeva, E, Xi, Z, Confaloni, A, Piscopo, P, Bruno, G, Talarico, G, Cagnin, A, Clerici, F, Dell’Osso, B, Comi, Gp, Altamura, Ac, Mariani, C, Scarpini, E., Fumagalli, G, Del Bo, R, Bruni, A, Cappa, S, Giordana, M, Dell'Osso, B, Altamura, A, and Scarpini, E
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Adult ,Male ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Pathology ,Population ,Progressive supranuclear palsy ,C9orf72 ,mental disorders ,medicine ,Dementia ,Humans ,c9orf72 ,clinical presentation ,dementia ,frontotemporal lobar degeneration ,hexanucleotide repeat expansion ,late onset psychosis ,phenotype ,Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ,education ,Frontotemporal lobar degeneration, C9ORF72 ,Biological Psychiatry ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,education.field_of_study ,DNA Repeat Expansion ,C9orf72 Protein ,Proteins ,Frontotemporal lobar degeneration ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Psychotic Disorders ,Female ,Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration ,Trinucleotide repeat expansion ,Psychology - Abstract
Background: A hexanucleotide repeat expansion in the first intron of C9ORF72 has been shown to be responsible for a high number of familial cases of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). Atypical presentations have been described, particularly psychosis. Methods: We determined the frequency of the hexanucleotide repeat expansions in a population of 651 FTLD patients and compared the clinical characteristics of carriers and noncarriers. In addition, we genotyped 21 patients with corticobasal syndrome, 31 patients with progressive supranuclear palsy, and 222 control subjects. Results: The pathogenic repeat expansion was detected in 39 (6%) patients with FTLD (17 male and 22 female subjects); however, it was not detected in any corticobasal syndrome and progressive supranuclear palsy patients or controls. Twenty-four of 39 carriers had positive family history for dementia and/or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (61.5%), whereas only 145 of 612 noncarriers had positive family history (23.7%; p
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- 2013
105. Novel missense progranulin gene mutation associated with the semantic variant of primary progressive aphasia
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Daniela Galimberti, Stefano F. Cappa, Chiara Villa, Elio Scarpini, Alessandra Marcone, Chiara Fenoglio, Chiara Cerami, Cerami, C, Marcone, A, Galimberti, D, Villa, C, Fenoglio, C, Scarpini, E, and Cappa, S
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Male ,Genotype ,Mutation, Missense ,Gene mutation ,Primary progressive aphasia ,Exon ,Progranulins ,Gene Frequency ,mental disorders ,medicine ,Missense mutation ,Dementia ,Humans ,Genetic Predisposition to Disease ,Family history ,Genetics ,Progranulin, primary progressive aphasia ,business.industry ,General Neuroscience ,General Medicine ,Frontotemporal lobar degeneration ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,nervous system diseases ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,Aphasia, Primary Progressive ,Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ,Geriatrics and Gerontology ,Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration ,business ,Frontotemporal dementia - Abstract
Progranulin (GRN) mutations are typically associated with the behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia and the non-fluent variant of primary progressive aphasia phenotypes. Hereby, we describe a patient affected by semantic variant of primary progressive aphasia (svPPA) with a highly positive family history of dementia, carrying a novel GRN missense variation in exon 11 [g.2897 C > T (p.Thr409Met)], predicted in silico to be damaging to protein structure and function. The variant was absent in 175 frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) patients and in 38 healthy subjects. This case confirms that GRN represents one of the most frequent FTLD genetic causes, suggesting that a screening is indicated in the case of svPPA presentation. © 2013 - IOS Press and the authors. All rights reserved.
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- 2013
106. Neural correlates of empathic impairment in the behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia
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Andrea Falini, Elisa Scola, Chiara Crespi, Chiara Cerami, Stefano F. Cappa, Alessandra Marcone, Alessandra Dodich, Francesca Cortese, Gabriele Chierchia, Nicola Canessa, Cerami, C, Dodich, A, Canessa, N, Crespi, C, Marcone, A, Cortese, F, Chierchia, G, Scola, E, Falini, Andrea, and Cappa, S. F.
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Epidemiology ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Temporoparietal junction ,Empathy ,Audiology ,Neuropsychological Tests ,Developmental psychology ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,Young Adult ,Developmental Neuroscience ,medicine ,Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ,Humans ,media_common ,Aged ,Neural correlates of consciousness ,Brain Mapping ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Mood Disorders ,Health Policy ,Brain ,Voxel-based morphometry ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Mentalization ,Frontotemporal Dementia ,Female ,Neurology (clinical) ,Geriatrics and Gerontology ,Functional magnetic resonance imaging ,Attribution ,Psychology ,Mental Status Schedule ,Frontotemporal dementia - Abstract
Objective Loss of empathy is a symptom of the behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), constituting a clue for early diagnosis. In this study, we directly compared two empathy components (intention attribution [IA] and emotion attribution [EA]), correlating them with possible specific patterns of gray-matter density reduction within the mentalizing network. Methods We evaluated IA and EA in 18 mild bvFTD patients compared with 36 healthy controls (HCs) using a single nonverbal test. A subgroup entered a voxel-based morphometry study. Results Compared with HC, bvFTD patients showed IA and EA impairments. EA performance correlated with gray-matter reduction in the right amygdala, left insula, and posterior-superior temporal sulcus extending into the temporoparietal junction. Conclusion We proved an empathic impairment, with the ability to infer emotional states showing the most severe deficit. These results provide further evidence of selective disease-specific vulnerability of the limbic and frontoinsular network in bvFTD and highlight the usefulness of empathy assessment in early patients.
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- 2012
107. In vivo microglia activation in very early dementia with Lewy bodies, comparison with Parkinson's disease
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Daniela Perani, Massimo Alessio, Valentina Garibotto, Sandro Iannaccone, G. Gelsomino, Chiara Cerami, Rosa Maria Moresco, Stefano Olivieri, Andrea Panzacchi, Iannaccone, S, Cerami, C, Alessio, M, Garibotto, V, Panzacchi, A, Olivieri, S, Gelsomino, G, Moresco, R, Perani, D, M, Moresco R., and Perani, DANIELA FELICITA L.
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Male ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Parkinson's disease ,Dementia/metabolism/pathology ,Lewy bodies dementia ,Disease ,Microgliosis ,medicine.disease_cause ,ddc:616.0757 ,Diagnosis, Differential ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Substantia Nigra/metabolism/pathology ,medicine ,Humans ,Neuroimaging/methods ,Pathological ,Neuroinflammation ,Aged ,030304 developmental biology ,Microglia activation ,Aged, 80 and over ,0303 health sciences ,Microglia ,business.industry ,Dementia with Lewy bodies ,Microglia/metabolism/pathology ,Parkinson Disease/metabolism/pathology ,[11C]-PK11195 ,medicine.disease ,3. Good health ,Neurodegenerative Diseases/metabolism/pathology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,PET ,nervous system ,Neurology ,Brain/metabolism/pathology ,Early Parkinson disease ,Female ,Neurology (clinical) ,Geriatrics and Gerontology ,Lewy Bodies/metabolism/pathology ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Oxidative stress - Abstract
Background: Reactive microgliosis, hallmark of neuroinflammation, may contribute to neuronal degeneration,as shown in several neurodegenerative diseases. We in vivo evaluated microglia activation inearly dementia with Lewy bodies, still not reported, and compared with early Parkinson’s disease, toassess possible differential pathological patterns. Methods: We measured the [11C]-PK11195 binding potentials with Positron Emission Tomography, usinga simplified reference tissue model, as marker of microglia activation, and cerebral spinal fluid proteincarbonylation levels, as marker of oxidative stress. Six dementia with Lewy bodies and 6 Parkinson’sdisease patients within a year from the onset, and eleven healthy controls were included. Clinicaldiagnosis was confirmed at a 4-year follow-up. Results: In dementia with Lewy bodies as well as in Parkinson’s disease, we found significant (p < 0.001)[11C]-PK11195 binding potential increases in the substantia nigra and putamen. Patients with Lewybodies dementia had extensive additional microglia activation in several associative cortices. This wasevident also at a single subject level. Significant increase of Cerebral Spinal Fluid proteincarbonizationwas shown in both patients’ groups. Conclusions: [11C]-PK11195 Positron Emission Tomography imaging revealed neuroinflammation indementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson’s disease, mirroring, even at a single subject level, thecommon and the different topographical distribution of neuropathological changes, yet in the earlieststages of the disease process. Focusing on those events that characterize parkinsonisms and Parkinson’sdisease may be the key to further advancing the understanding of pathogenesis and to taking thesemechanisms forward as a means of defining targets for neuroprotection.
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- 2012
108. Genetics and expression analysis of the specificity protein 4 gene (SP4) in patients with Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal lobar degeneration
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Rossana Bonsi, Elisa Ridolfi, Roberta Ghidoni, Laura Ghezzi, Innocenzo Rainero, Elio Scarpini, Alessandra Marcone, Claudio Mariani, Francesca Clerici, Giuliano Binetti, Daniela Galimberti, Nereo Bresolin, Chiara Cerami, Chiara Villa, Luisa Benussi, Maria Serpente, Chiara Fenoglio, Massimo Franceschi, Salvatore Gallone, Stefano F. Cappa, Claudia Cantoni, Villa, C, Ghezzi, L, Fenoglio, C, Clerici, F, Marcone, A, Benussi, L, Ghidoni, R, Gallone, S, Serpente, M, Cantoni, C, Ridolfi, E, Bonsi, R, Cerami, C, Cappa, S, Binetti, G, Franceschi, M, Rainero, I, Mariani, C, Bresolin, N, Scarpini, E, and Galimberti, D
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Male ,Apolipoprotein E ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Genotype ,Sp4 Transcription Factor ,Single-nucleotide polymorphism ,Biology ,Peripheral blood mononuclear cell ,specificity protein 4 ,expression ,mental disorders ,medicine ,Humans ,Allele ,Alzheimer's disease ,frontotemporal lobar degeneration ,risk factor ,SP4 ,Gene ,Aged ,Genetics ,Sp4, ALzheimer's disease, frontotemporal lobar degeneration ,General Neuroscience ,General Medicine ,Frontotemporal lobar degeneration ,medicine.disease ,Genotype frequency ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,Gene Expression Regulation ,Schizophrenia ,Female ,Geriatrics and Gerontology - Abstract
Transcription factor Sp4 (Specificity protein 4) levels are increased in the brain of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and Sp4 colocalizes with neurofibrillary tangles. Moreover, SP4 is a susceptibility gene for bipolar disorder and schizophrenia, which share many clinical features with frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). The distribution of three tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)-rs9639379, rs10272006, and rs6461569-has been determined in a population of 352 patients diagnosed clinically with AD, 290 patients with FTLD, and 341 age-matched controls. Expression analysis of SP4 was performed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). No significant differences in either allelic or genotypic frequency of the three SNPs were found (p > 0.05), even stratifying according to gender and to the apolipoprotein E status. Significantly increased SP4 relative expression levels were observed in PBMC from patients with AD as compared with controls (7.132 +/- 1.301 versus 3.396 +/- 0.829, p < 0.050) and a similar trend was shown in patients with FTLD compared with controls (6.525 +/- 1.500 versus 3.396 +/- 0.829, p = 0.073). According to these results, SP4 gene does not act as a susceptibility factor either for AD or FTLD. However, Sp4 mRNA levels are upregulated in patients, possibly resulting in an aberrant expression of downstream target genes involved in the pathogenesis of both diseases
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- 2012
109. Epidural premotor cortical stimulation in primary focal dystonia: clinical and 18F-fluoro deoxyglucose positron emission tomography open study
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Stefania, Lalli, Sylvie, Piacentini, Angelo, Franzini, Andrea, Panzacchi, Chiara, Cerami, Giuseppe, Messina, Francesca, Ferré, Daniela, Perani, Alberto, Albanese, Lalli, S, Piacentini, S, Franzini, A, Panzacchi, A, Cerami, C, Messina, G, Ferré, F, Perani, DANIELA FELICITA L., and Albanese, A.
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Adult ,Cerebral Cortex ,Male ,Deep Brain Stimulation ,Middle Aged ,Severity of Illness Index ,Functional Laterality ,Disability Evaluation ,Young Adult ,Dystonia ,Settore MED/26 - NEUROLOGIA ,Treatment Outcome ,Dystonic Disorders ,Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 ,Positron-Emission Tomography ,Humans ,Female ,Torticollis ,Aged ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of epidural premotor stimulation in patients with primary focal dystonia. Seven patients were selected: 6 had cervical dystonia and 1 had right upper limb dystonia. In 2 patients, sustained muscle contractions led to a prevalently fixed head posture. Patients with cervical dystonia received a bilateral implant, whereas the patient with hand dystonia received a unilateral implant. Neurological and neuropsychological evaluations were performed before surgery (baseline), and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months afterward. The Burke-Fahn-Marsden scale (BFMS) and the Toronto Western spasmodic torticollis rating scale (TWSTRS) were administered at the same time points. Patients underwent resting (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) scans, before and 12 months after surgery. No adverse events occurred. An overall improvement was observed on the BFMS and TWSTRS after surgery. Patients with prevalently fixed cervical dystonia had a reduced benefit. Presurgical neuroimaging revealed a significant bilateral metabolic increase in the sensorimotor areas, which was reduced after surgery.
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- 2012
110. White matter damage in frontotemporal lobar degeneration spectrum
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Elisa Scola, Chiara Cerami, Federica Agosta, Andrea Falini, Elisa Canu, Massimiliano Copetti, Alessandra Marcone, Stefano F. Cappa, Giuseppe Magnani, Lidia Sarro, Francesca Caso, Massimo Filippi, G. Comi, Filippi, M, Agosta, F, Scola, E, Canu, E, Marcone, A, Magnani, G, Sarro, L, Copetti, M, Caso, F, Cerami, C, Comi, G, Cappa, S, Falini, A, Cappa, Sf, and Filippi, M.
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Male ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Cognitive Neuroscience ,Corpus callosum ,Nerve Fibers, Myelinated ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,White matter ,Primary progressive aphasia ,Diagnosis, Differential ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,medicine ,Humans ,Inferior longitudinal fasciculus ,Aged ,Cerebral atrophy ,business.industry ,Superior longitudinal fasciculus ,Brain ,Reproducibility of Results ,Frontotemporal lobar degeneration ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Aphasia, Primary Progressive ,Diffusion Tensor Imaging ,Female ,Atrophy ,Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration ,business ,Neuroscience ,Frontotemporal dementia - Abstract
White matter (WM) tract damage was assessed in patients with the behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) and the 3 primary progressive aphasia (PPA) variants and compared with the corresponding brain atrophy patterns. Thirteen bvFTD and 20 PPA patients were studied. Tract-based spatial statistics and voxel-based morphometry were used. Patients with bvFTD showed widespread diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DT MRI) abnormalities affecting most of the WM bilaterally. In PPA patients, WM damage was more focal and varied across the 3 syndromes: left frontotemporoparietal in nonfluent, left frontotemporal in semantic, and left frontoparietal in logopenic patients. In each syndrome, DT MRI changes extended beyond the topography of gray matter loss. Left uncinate damage was the best predictor of frontotemporal lobar degeneration diagnosis versus controls. DT MRI measures of the anterior corpus callosum and left superior longitudinal fasciculus differentiated bvFTD from nonfluent cases. The best predictors of semantic PPA compared with both bvFTD and nonfluent cases were diffusivity abnormalities of the left uncinate and inferior longitudinal fasciculus. This study provides insights into the similarities and differences of WM damage in bvFTD and PPA variants. DT MRI metrics hold promise to serve as early markers of WM integrity loss that only at a later stage may be detectable by volumetric measures.
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- 2011
111. From genotype to phenotype: two cases of genetic frontotemporal lobar degeneration with premorbid bipolar disorder
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Elio Scarpini, Alessandra Marcone, Chiara Villa, Stefano F. Cappa, Chiara Cerami, Daniela Galimberti, Cerami, C, Marcone, A, Galimberti, D, Villa, C, Scarpini, E, and Cappa, S
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Adult ,Male ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Bipolar Disorder ,Genotype ,DNA Mutational Analysis ,Psychiatric history ,Progranulins ,Progressive nonfluent aphasia ,mental disorders ,medicine ,Dementia ,Humans ,Medical history ,Bipolar disorder ,Aged ,Genetics ,General Neuroscience ,Brain ,General Medicine ,Frontotemporal lobar degeneration ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,Phenotype ,Italy ,Mutation ,Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ,Geriatrics and Gerontology ,Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration ,Psychology ,Frontotemporal lobar degeneration, bipolar disorder ,Frontotemporal dementia - Abstract
Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) is a common early-onset dementia, which shows highly heterogeneous phenotypic presentations. Although an autosomal dominant transmission can be found only in about 10% cases, familial aggregation is frequently observed in FTLD. Recently, the progranulin gene (GRN) was reported to be involved in the disease pathogenesis. We describe two clinically different, apparently sporadic FTLD cases, sharing the previously described GRN mutation g.11019-11022delCACT (relative to nt1, NCBI NG-007886.1), alias Thr272fs, with a premorbid psychiatric history. Both patients are males and were in their sixties when diagnosed clinically with, respectively, the behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) and progressive nonfluent aphasia (PNFA). In both cases, the medical history revealed the presence of bipolar spectrum disorders. Mutations in GRN are considered to be a major cause of FTLD. However, the phenotypes associated with these mutations are highly variable. Our description of two novel FTLD genetic cases confirms the high frequency of the g.11019-11022delCACT mutation in Northern Italy. On this basis, we recommend to consider the presence of this mutation as a possible cause of the disease, particularly in patients with premorbid psychiatric symptoms. © 2011-IOS Press and the authors. All rights reserved.
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- 2011
112. Frequency and clinical features of progranulin mutation carriers in a series of patients affected by frontotemporal lobar de generation: report of a novel mutation
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C. Cupidi, I. Manna, S. Realmuto, V. Navarra, C. Cerami, S. Talamanca, A. Quattrone, A. Gambardella, F. Piccoli, T. Piccoli., Cupidi, C, Manna, I, Realmuto, S, Navarra, V, Cerami, C, Talamanca, S, Quattrone, A, Gambardella, A, Piccoli, F, and Piccoli, T
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Settore MED/26 - Neurologia ,progranulin mutation, frontotemporal dementia - Published
- 2010
113. PRIMARY PROGRESSIVE CROSSED APHASIA IN A DEXTRAL WOMAN
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REALMUTO, Sabrina, CUPIDI, Chiara, CERAMI, Chiara, PICCOLI, Federico, PICCOLI, Tommaso, REALMUTO S, CUPIDI C, CERAMI C, PICCOLI F, and PICCOLI T
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- 2007
114. The impact of single nucleotide polymorphisms in human genes that regulate hepcidin and iron on oral iron absorption and the risk of anaemia in Africans
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Jallow, MW, Campino, S, and Cerami, C
- Abstract
Background: Up to 60% of women and children living in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are anaemic. Food fortification and iron supplementation are the most common measures employed to combat anaemia. However, these are not effective treatments for anaemias caused by non-nutritional factors. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) mainly in Europeans and Asians have identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the hepcidin and iron regulatory genes that are associated with the risk of anaemia. Several of these SNPs are in the TMPRSS6 gene, which encodes matriptase-2, a protein that regulates the expression of hepcidin. This thesis examined the impact of SNPs in the iron regulatory genes previously reported in non-African populations, on the risk of anaemia and on impaired oral iron absorption in Africans. Methods: First, the literature was searched for genetic variants identified in the hepcidin and iron regulatory genes, that are associated with low iron status. Second, we investigated the effects of common TMPRSS6 and transferrin (TF) SNPs on iron status in a cohort of healthy individuals from rural Gambia (n=1315). Third, a recallby- genotype (RbG) study was conducted to investigate the impact of carrying single or multiple alleles at the common TMPRSS6 SNPs on oral iron absorption in healthy individuals from rural Gambia. Results: TMPRSS6 rs855791, rs4820268 and rs2235321, and TF rs3811647 are the most common SNPs that associated with low iron status. We did not find effects of any of the TMPRSS6 SNPs on the risk of anaemia. However, we found that TMPRSS6 rs2235321 was associated with serum hepcidin concentration, with a more substantial effect on individuals with low haemoglobin or ferritin. Also, TF rs3811647 had a significant influence on transferrin and its binding capacity, with a single allele effect of 8-12%. In the RbG study, we did not find any effect of the three TMPRSS6 SNPs on oral iron absorption. However, we found that each of the TMPRSS6 SNPs affects hepcidin, with carriers of major alleles having higher hepcidin compared to minor allele carriers. Also, we found that heterozygotes at both rs2235321 and rs855791 did not alter their hepcidin concentration after an oral iron dose, whereas, individuals in all the other genotype groups did. Conclusions: This thesis confirms the previously observed association between the TF rs3811647 and transferrin in other Africans and Europeans replicates in West Africans. However, we could not demonstrate that the previous associations between TMPRSS6 gene variants and iron status, exist in West Africans. This lack of replication might be due to the high genetic diversity that exists in African populations. We identified an effect of TMPRSS6 rs2235321 on serum hepcidin concentration. In the RbG study, the three TMPRSS6 SNPs studied influenced serum hepcidin levels but not oral iron absorption in healthy individuals. This finding suggests that there might be an alternate pathway of iron regulation independent of hepcidin at the enterocytes. These findings highlight the need to conduct more research on genetic determinants of iron status in African populations. Investigating more genetic markers and in different populations may provide a clearer insight into the role of genetic risk factors on iron deficiency and anaemia in African populations. Identifying the role of genetic risk factors of iron status may pave the way for the formulation of population specific anaemia control measures.
115. Religious Involvement Is Associated With Higher Fertility and Lower Maternal Investment, but More Alloparental Support Among Gambian Mothers.
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Shaver JH, Chvaja R, Spake L, Hassan A, Badjie J, Prentice AM, Cerami C, Sear R, Shenk MK, and Sosis R
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Objectives: Human childrearing is cooperative, with women often able to achieve relatively high fertility through help from many individuals. Previous work has documented tremendous socioecological variation in who supports women in childrearing, but less is known about the intracultural correlates of variation in allomaternal support. In the highly religious, high-fertility setting of The Gambia, we studied whether religious mothers have more children and receive more support with their children., Methods: We randomly sampled 395 mothers and 745 focal children enrolled in the Kiang West (The Gambia) Longitudinal Population Study cohort. Structured interviews asked mothers who and how often people invest in their children, and about their religious practices. Data were collected at participants' homes on electronic tablet-based long-form surveys and analyzed using the Bayesian hierarchical models., Results: Religiosity was weakly associated with women's higher age-adjusted fertility. Maternal religiosity was negatively related to maternal investment in focal children, but positively associated with total allomaternal support. Specifically, a woman's religiosity was positively associated with allomaternal support from matrilineal kin, other offspring, and affinal kin, but unrelated to paternal, patrilineal, and non-kin investment., Conclusions: These results suggest that higher fertility among religious mothers may be supported by high levels of investment from biological and affinal kin. Matrilineal kin, other siblings, and affinal kin seem to be the most responsive to a woman's religiosity. Our findings cast doubt on interpretations of women's religious behaviors as signals of fidelity, and instead suggest they may be part of strategies to enable collective allomaternal resources and higher relative fertility., (© 2024 The Author(s). American Journal of Human Biology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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116. Are we…social enough? Use of social media among members of the Italian Society of Neurology for the study of dementia.
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Meli C, Cerami C, Arighi A, Mitolo M, Serra L, Bozzali M, Bruni AC, Marra C, Lavorgna L, and Dodich A
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- Humans, Italy, Male, Female, Middle Aged, Neurology, Adult, Aged, Surveys and Questionnaires, Social Media statistics & numerical data, Societies, Medical, Dementia
- Abstract
Background: Clinical researchers increasingly embrace social media in their professional lives. The digital revolution has provided new routes for sharing data, disseminating results, and promoting the impact of scientific findings. In this study, we explored the attitude of the members of the Italian Society of Neurology for the study of dementia (SINdem) to use social media with the aim to set up possible corrective actions to maximize digitalization benefits at the individual and community levels., Method: An ad hoc designed survey was implemented and distributed to the SINdem and SINdem4Juniors communities. It explored the different use of social media taking into account frequency, type of social media use (active vs passive; professional vs private). Descriptive statistical analyses were performed alongside statistical comparisons to highlight possible differences in the use., Results: We collected 133 answers showing a prominent use of social media in private life (t(132) = 21.1, p < 0.001), with SINdem4Juniors members showing a higher private use compared to the older SINdem colleagues. Professional use was mainly limited to passive activities such as following others' social profiles (t(132) = 11.9, p < 0.001)., Discussion: Overall scenario suggests that professional use of social media is very limited in both SINdem and SINdem4juniors communities. This evidence points to an urgent need for training interventions and top-down strategies aimed at improving collaboration, dissemination, and sharing through social media among individuals belonging to the same scientific-professional community., (© 2024. Fondazione Società Italiana di Neurologia.)
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- 2024
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117. Correction to: A digital teleneuropsychology platform for the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment: from concept to certification as a medical device.
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Panzavolta A, Cerami C, Caffarra P, De Vita D, Dodich A, Fonti C, L'Abbate F, Laganà V, Lavorgna L, Marra C, Papagno C, Pellegrini FF, Stracciari A, Trojano L, Iaquinta T, Ravizza A, Sternini F, Pandolfi R, Sanzone S, Calore M, and Cappa SF
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- 2024
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118. A digital teleneuropsychology platform for the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment: from concept to certification as a medical device.
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Panzavolta A, Cerami C, Caffarra P, De Vita D, Dodich A, Fonti C, L'Abbate F, Laganà V, Lavorgna L, Marra C, Papagno C, Pellegrini FF, Stracciari A, Trojano L, Iaquinta T, Ravizza A, Sternini F, Pandolfi R, Sanzone S, Calore M, and Cappa SF
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- Humans, Certification standards, Neuropsychological Tests standards, Computers, Handheld, Neuropsychology methods, Neuropsychology standards, Neuropsychology instrumentation, Cognitive Dysfunction diagnosis, Telemedicine standards
- Abstract
Background: Innovative digital solutions are shaping a new concept of dementia care, opening additional venues for prevention, diagnosis, monitoring and treatment. Hereby, we report the development of a tablet-based teleneuropsychology platform (Tenèpsia®), from concept to certification as Medical Device (MD) Class IIA, as per new MD regulation 745/2017., Methods: The platform was designed for the remote cognitive evaluation and created thanks to the effort of a collaborative working group including experts from three Italian scientific societies and Biogen Italia S.r.l. (hereafter "Biogen"), and developers from Xenia Reply and Inside AI. The development strategy was guided by converting traditional paper-and-pencil tests into digital versions while maintaining comparable neuropsychological features and optimizing patient accessibility and user experience. The experts focused on the choice and adaptation of traditional neuropsychology measures for a 45-min teleneuropsychology assessment., Results: The developers created a web and a mobile interface, respectively, for the professional (neuropsychologist) and non-professional (patient and caregiver) use. Recording of voice, drawing and typing information was enabled. Instant dashboards provide a quick overview of the patient's condition. Simulation activities were performed to obtain MD certification, valid across Europe., Conclusion: Neuropsychology services will benefit from the implementation in clinics of harmonized digital tools with adequate scientific and technological standards. The use of digital cognitive testing for the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment is expected to enhance patient and clinician outcomes through simplified, digital objective data collection, sparing of time and resources, with a positive impact on healthcare costs and access to treatments, reducing inequalities and delays in diagnosis and cure., (© 2024. Fondazione Società Italiana di Neurologia.)
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- 2024
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119. Weighing the role of social cognition and executive functioning in pragmatics in the schizophrenia spectrum: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
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Frau F, Cerami C, Dodich A, Bosia M, and Bambini V
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- Humans, Executive Function physiology, Social Cognition, Schizophrenia physiopathology, Schizophrenic Psychology
- Abstract
Pragmatic impairment is diffused in schizophrenia spectrum disorders, but the literature still debates its neurocognitive underpinnings. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the neurocognitive correlates of pragmatic disorders in schizophrenia and determine the weight of social cognition and executive functioning on such disorders. Of the 2,668 records retrieved from the literature, 16 papers were included in the systematic review, mostly focused on non-literal meanings and discourse production in schizophrenia. Ten studies were included in the meta-analysis: pragmatics was moderately associated with both social cognition and executive functions (especially inhibition), but the link with social cognition was stronger. The mediation analysis showed that social cognition mediated the relationship between executive functions and pragmatics. Based on this, we proposed a hierarchical neurocognitive model where pragmatics stems from social cognition, while executive functions are the fertile ground supporting the other two domains, and we discuss its theoretical and clinical implications., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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120. Practical Guidelines for Standardised Resolution of Important Protocol Deviations in Clinical Trials Conducted in Sub-Saharan Africa.
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Zemsi A, Nekame LJG, Mohammed N, Batchilly ES, Dabira E, Sillah SO, Sey G, Williams DH, Dondeh BL, Cerami C, Clarke E, and D'Alessandro U
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- Humans, Africa South of the Sahara, Guidelines as Topic, Research Design standards, Clinical Trials as Topic standards
- Abstract
A clinical trial is any research on human subjects that involves an investigational medicinal product or device. Investigational medicinal products include unlicensed drugs or drugs used outside the product license (e.g. for a new indication) (ICH-GCP). As per the internationally accepted ICH-GCP guidelines, clinical trials should be conducted strictly per the approved protocol. However, during the lifecycle of a trial, protocol deviations may occur. Under ICH efficacy guidelines, protocol deviations are divided into non-important (minor) or important (major), and the latter can jeopardise the participant's rights, safety or the quality of data generated by the study. Existing guidelines on protocol deviation management do not detail or standardise actions to be taken for participants, investigational products, data or samples as part of a holistic management of important protocol deviations. Herein, we propose guidelines to address the current literature gap and promote the standardisation of actions to address important protocol deviations in clinical trials. The advised actions should complement the existing local institutional review board and national regulatory authority requirements., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
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- 2024
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121. A practical guide to cross-cultural and multi-sited data collection in the biological and behavioural sciences.
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Spake L, Hassan A, Schaffnit SB, Alam N, Amoah AS, Badjie J, Cerami C, Crampin A, Dube A, Kaye MP, Kotch R, Liew F, McLean E, Munthali-Mkandawire S, Mwalwanda L, Petersen AC, Prentice AM, Zohora FT, Watts J, Sear R, Shenk MK, Sosis R, and Shaver JH
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- Humans, Cross-Cultural Comparison, Research Design, Ecology methods, Behavioral Sciences, Data Collection methods
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Researchers in the biological and behavioural sciences are increasingly conducting collaborative, multi-sited projects to address how phenomena vary across ecologies. These types of projects, however, pose additional workflow challenges beyond those typically encountered in single-sited projects. Through specific attention to cross-cultural research projects, we highlight four key aspects of multi-sited projects that must be considered during the design phase to ensure success: (1) project and team management; (2) protocol and instrument development; (3) data management and documentation; and (4) equitable and collaborative practices. Our recommendations are supported by examples from our experiences collaborating on the Evolutionary Demography of Religion project, a mixed-methods project collecting data across five countries in collaboration with research partners in each host country. To existing discourse, we contribute new recommendations around team and project management, introduce practical recommendations for exploring the validity of instruments through qualitative techniques during piloting, highlight the importance of good documentation at all steps of the project, and demonstrate how data management workflows can be strengthened through open science practices. While this project was rooted in cross-cultural human behavioural ecology and evolutionary anthropology, lessons learned from this project are applicable to multi-sited research across the biological and behavioural sciences.
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- 2024
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122. Haem iron versus ferrous iron salts to treat iron deficiency anaemia in Gambian children: protocol for randomised controlled trial {1}.
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Bah M, Verhoef H, Okoh E, Bah A, Prentice AM, and Cerami C
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- Child, Humans, Iron, Salts metabolism, Salts therapeutic use, Gambia, Ferrous Compounds adverse effects, Ferritins, Hemoglobins metabolism, Dietary Supplements, Inflammation drug therapy, Heme metabolism, Heme therapeutic use, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Anemia, Iron-Deficiency diagnosis, Anemia, Iron-Deficiency drug therapy, Anemia drug therapy
- Abstract
Background: The World Health Organization recommends universal iron supplementation for children aged 6-23 months in countries where anaemia is seen in over 40% of the population. Conventional ferrous salts have low efficacy due to low oral absorption in children with inflammation. Haem iron is more bioavailable, and its absorption may not be decreased by inflammation. This study aims to compare daily supplementation with haem iron versus ferrous sulphate on haemoglobin concentration and serum ferritin concentration after 12 weeks of supplementation., Methods: This will be a two-arm, randomised controlled trial. Gambian children aged 6-12 months with anaemia will be recruited within a predefined geographical area and recruited by trained field workers. Eligible participants will be individually randomised using a 1:1 ratio within permuted blocks to daily supplementation for 12 weeks with either 10.0 mg of elemental iron as haem or ferrous sulphate. Safety outcomes such as diarrhoea and infection-related adverse events will be assessed daily by the clinical team (see Bah et al. Additional file 4_Adverse event eCRF). Linear regression will be used to analyse continuous outcomes, with log transformation to normalise residuals as needed. Binary outcomes will be analysed by binomial regression or logistic regression, Primary analysis will be by modified intention-to-treat (i.e., those randomised and who ingested at least one supplement dose of iron), with multiple imputations to replace missing data. Effect estimates will be adjusted for baseline covariates (C-reactive protein, alpha-1-acid glycoprotein, haemoglobin, ferritin, soluble transferrin receptor)., Discussion: This study will determine if therapeutic supplementation with haem iron is more efficacious than with conventional ferrous sulphate in enhancing haemoglobin and ferritin concentrations in anaemic children aged 6-12 months., Trial Registration: Pan African Clinical Trial Registry PACTR202210523178727., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
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- 2024
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123. Early iron supplementation in exclusively breastfed Gambian infants: a randomized controlled trial.
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Bah M, Stelle I, Verhoef H, Saidykhan A, Moore SE, Susso B, Prentice AM, and Cerami C
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- Infant, Female, Humans, Gambia, Dietary Supplements adverse effects, Breast Feeding, Iron adverse effects
- Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effect of daily iron supplementation for 14 weeks on the serum iron concentration and other markers of iron status in exclusively breastfed infants in Gambia., Methods: A placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind trial was performed in rural Gambia between 3 August 2021 and 9 March 2022. Overall, 101 healthy, exclusively breastfed infants aged 6 to 10 weeks were recruited at vaccination clinics and through community health workers. Infants were randomized to receive iron supplementation (7.5 mg/day as ferrous sulfate in sorbitol solution) or placebo for 98 days. Venous blood samples were collected at baseline and on day 99 to assess the serum iron concentration and other markers of iron and haematological status., Findings: At day 99, the serum iron concentration was significantly higher in the iron supplementation group than the placebo group (crude difference in means: 2.5 µmol/L; 95% confidence interval: 0.6 to 4.3) and there were significant improvements in other iron and haematological markers. There were 10 serious adverse events (five in each group), 106 non-serious adverse events (54 with iron supplementation; 52 with placebo) and no deaths. There was no marked difference between the groups in maternally reported episodes of diarrhoea, fever, cough, skin infection, eye infection or nasal discharge., Conclusion: In exclusively breastfed Gambian infants, iron supplementation from 6 weeks of age was associated with a significant improvement in markers of iron status at around 6 months of age. There was no indication of adverse effects on growth or infections., ((c) 2024 The authors; licensee World Health Organization.)
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- 2024
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124. Diagnostic Performance of Socio-Emotional Informant-Based Questionnaires for the Clinical Detection of the Behavioral Variant of Frontotemporal Dementia.
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Panzavolta A, Cerami C, Marcone A, Zamboni M, Iannaccone S, and Dodich A
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- Humans, Neuropsychological Tests, Emotions, Surveys and Questionnaires, Frontotemporal Dementia diagnosis, Frontotemporal Dementia psychology, Alzheimer Disease diagnosis, Alzheimer Disease psychology
- Abstract
Background: Although social cognitive dysfunction is a major feature of the behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), quantitative measurement of social behavior changes is poorly available in clinical settings., Objective: The aim of the study is to evaluate diagnostic accuracy of social-emotional questionnaires in distinguishing bvFTD from healthy control (HC) subjects and Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients., Methods: We enrolled 29 bvFTD, 24 AD, and 18 HC subjects matched for age, sex, and education. Two informant-based measures of socio-emotional sensitivity and empathy (i.e., revised Self-Monitoring Scale (rSMS) and Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI)) were administered. One-way ANOVA was performed to compare groups, whereas Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curve analysis tested questionnaire ability in distinguishing groups. A short version of IRI (sIRI) was obtained by excluding the non-contributing subscale (i.e., personal distress)., Results: Compared to HC and AD, bvFTD showed significantly lower scores in rSMS and IRI scores, except for IRI personal distress subscale. The sIRI showed an excellent performance in early diagnosis (bvFTD versus HC = AUC 0.95). Both sIRI and rSMS showed good performance in distinguishing bvFTD from AD (AUC 0.83)., Conclusions: ROC analyses support the usefulness of informant social questionnaires in memory clinics and their potential value in screening procedures for research eligibility in forthcoming trials. In the timely diagnosis of bvFTD patients, IRI and rSMS may supply crucial information for the early detection of signs and symptoms affecting social-emotional skills, which might otherwise be underrecognized.
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- 2024
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125. Answer to "Current Potential for Clinical Optimization of Social Cognition Assessment for Frontotemporal Dementia and Primary Psychiatric Disorders".
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Dodich A and Cerami C
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- Humans, Social Cognition, Cognition, Neuropsychological Tests, Frontotemporal Dementia diagnosis, Frontotemporal Dementia psychology, Cognition Disorders
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- 2023
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126. Biology of Anemia: A Public Health Perspective.
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Brittenham GM, Moir-Meyer G, Abuga KM, Datta-Mitra A, Cerami C, Green R, Pasricha SR, and Atkinson SH
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- Humans, Public Health, Iron, Inflammation complications, Biology, Prevalence, Anemia epidemiology, Anemia etiology, Anemia, Iron-Deficiency, Iron Deficiencies
- Abstract
Our goal is to present recent progress in understanding the biological mechanisms underlying anemia from a public health perspective. We describe important advances in understanding common causes of anemia and their interactions, including iron deficiency (ID), lack of other micronutrients, infection, inflammation, and genetic conditions. ID develops if the iron circulating in the blood cannot provide the amounts required for red blood cell production and tissue needs. ID anemia develops as iron-limited red blood cell production fails to maintain the hemoglobin concentration above the threshold used to define anemia. Globally, absolute ID (absent or reduced body iron stores that do not meet the need for iron of an individual but may respond to iron supplementation) contributes to only a limited proportion of anemia. Functional ID (adequate or increased iron stores that cannot meet the need for iron because of the effects of infection or inflammation and does not respond to iron supplementation) is frequently responsible for anemia in low- and middle-income countries. Absolute and functional ID may coexist. We highlight continued improvement in understanding the roles of infections and inflammation in causing a large proportion of anemia. Deficiencies of nutrients other than iron are less common but important in some settings. The importance of genetic conditions as causes of anemia depends upon the specific inherited red blood cell abnormalities and their prevalence in the settings examined. From a public health perspective, each setting has a distinctive composition of components underlying the common causes of anemia. We emphasize the coincidence between regions with a high prevalence of anemia attributed to ID (both absolute and functional), those with endemic infections, and those with widespread genetic conditions affecting red blood cells, especially in sub-Saharan Africa and regions in Asia and Oceania., (Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2023
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127. Neuropsychological evaluation of phenoconversion risk in REM sleep behaviour disorder: A scoping review.
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Fiamingo G, Capittini C, De Silvestri A, Rebuffi C, Cerami C, Arnaldi D, and Terzaghi M
- Subjects
- Humans, Neuropsychological Tests, Cognitive Dysfunction diagnosis, REM Sleep Behavior Disorder diagnosis, REM Sleep Behavior Disorder psychology
- Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess the role of cognitive evaluation in the prediction of phenoconversion in polysomnography-confirmed idiopathic or isolated rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder, through a scoping review focussing on a longitudinal comprehensive neuropsychological assessment of patients with idiopathic REM sleep behaviour disorder. A literature search (2006-2022) yielded 1034 records, and 20 were selected for analysis. The sample included 899 patients from eight different cohorts and five countries. We extracted data on clinical evolution, mild cognitive impairment diagnosis, neuropsychological tests used, and classification of cognitive domains. Tests, cognitive domains, and mild cognitive impairment definitions were heterogeneous across the studies, precluding a meta-analysis. Ten studies (50%) evaluated the presence of mild cognitive impairment; 14 studies (70%) grouped neuropsychological tests into between three (6 studies, 21.4%) and seven (1 study, 7.1%) cognitive domains. The most frequently used tests were semantic fluency, Stroop colour word test, trail making test A and B, digit span, Rey auditory verbal learning test, and Rey-Osterrieth figure. All except digit span showed a role in predicting phenoconversion. The authors did not consistently assign tests to specific cognitive domains. In conclusion, we discuss methodological differences between the studies and highlight the need for a standardised framework for neuropsychological data acquisition and presentation, based on a multilevel approach covering test selection, domain assignment, and mild cognitive impairment diagnostic criteria., (© 2023 The Authors. Journal of Sleep Research published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Sleep Research Society.)
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- 2023
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128. Self-assessment of empathy uncovers defective self-awareness in mild cognitive impairment.
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Quaranta D, Cerami C, Caraglia N, Costantini EM, Di Tella S, Silveri MC, Cappa S, Gaudino S, Marra C, and Dodich A
- Subjects
- Humans, Self-Assessment, Surveys and Questionnaires, Perception, Empathy, Cognitive Dysfunction diagnosis
- Abstract
Objective: Self-assessment scales are broadly used to evaluate empathy in neurological patients, but it is conceivable that some discrepancy with caregiver evaluation may emerge as consequence of reduced self-awareness. The aim of the present study was to verify the presence of discrepancies in the self-assessment of empathy in subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and to explore their neural correlates., Method: Twenty MCI patients and 38 healthy controls (HCs) underwent the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI), exploring the following four aspects of empathy: perspective taking (PT), fantasy, empathic concern, and personal distress. The questionnaire was administered in two modalities: self-administered, and administered to an informant, and the scores were compared. The correlation between discrepancies and regional cortical thickness was assessed., Results: The self-administered version of IRI showed higher PT scores in MCI as compared to HC ( p = .017), with no differences detected in the other subscales. The difference between the scores obtained in the self-administered and in the informant-administered IRI-PT was significantly higher in MCI than in HCs ( p = .006)., Conclusion: The self-assessment of empathy in subjects with MCI may be misleading because of a tendency toward an overestimation of the PT ability, typically considered as a cognitive component of empathy. Our results may reflect a particular aspect of reduced self-awareness in MCI subjects. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
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- 2023
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129. Risk factors for post-COVID cognitive dysfunctions: the impact of psychosocial vulnerability.
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Picascia M, Cerami C, Panzavolta A, Bernini S, Calculli A, Regalbuto S, and Pisani A
- Subjects
- Humans, Cognition physiology, Anxiety epidemiology, Anxiety etiology, Anxiety psychology, Risk Factors, Depression epidemiology, Depression etiology, Depression psychology, COVID-19 complications, Cognitive Dysfunction epidemiology, Cognitive Dysfunction etiology
- Abstract
Background: Cognitive dysfunction is a well-established manifestation of the post-COVID syndrome. Psychological vulnerability to stressors can modify disease trajectories, causing long-term risk for negative outcomes. Nonetheless, how premorbid risk factors and response to stressor affect neuropsychological changes is still incompletely understood. In this study, we explored the impact of psychosocial variables on cognitive functioning in a post-COVID sample., Methods: All subjects were submitted to a comprehensive neuropsychological battery and an assessment of perceived loneliness, post-traumatic stress, and changes in anxiety and depression levels. A social vulnerability index was also calculated. The set of psycho-social variables was reduced to two Principal Component Analysis (PCA) components: distress and isolation., Results: Forty-five percent of individuals showed cognitive impairments, with predominant memory and executive deficits. Post-traumatic stress disorder was clinically relevant in 44% of the sample. Social vulnerability scores of the sample were comparable to those of general population. The individual performance in learning and response initiation/suppression was directly related to distress component, encasing anxiety, stress, and depression measures., Conclusion: These findings suggest that psychosocial assessment of post-COVID patients can detect fragile individuals at risk of cognitive impairments. Dedicated psychological support services may play a useful role in the prevention of post-COVID cognitive dysfunction., (© 2023. Fondazione Società Italiana di Neurologia.)
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- 2023
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130. Iron homeostasis in full-term, normal birthweight Gambian neonates over the first week of life.
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Cross JH, Jarjou O, Mohammed NI, Gomez SR, Touray BJB, Kessler NJ, Prentice AM, and Cerami C
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- Female, Infant, Newborn, Humans, Birth Weight, Gambia, Transferrin, Receptors, Transferrin, Homeostasis, Hepcidins, Iron
- Abstract
Human neonates elicit a profound hypoferremia which may protect against bacterial sepsis. We examined the transience of this hypoferremia by measuring iron and its chaperone proteins, inflammatory and haematological parameters over the first post-partum week. We prospectively studied term, normal weight Gambian newborns. Umbilical cord vein and artery, and serial venous blood samples up to day 7 were collected. Hepcidin, serum iron, transferrin, transferrin saturation, haptoglobin, c-reactive protein, α1-acid-glycoprotein, soluble transferrin receptor, ferritin, unbound iron-binding capacity and full blood count were assayed. In 278 neonates we confirmed the profound early postnatal decrease in serum iron (22.7 ± 7.0 µmol/L at birth to 7.3 ± 4.6 µmol/L during the first 6-24 h after birth) and transferrin saturation (50.2 ± 16.7% to 14.4 ± 6.1%). Both variables increased steadily to reach 16.5 ± 3.9 µmol/L and 36.6 ± 9.2% at day 7. Hepcidin increased rapidly during the first 24 h of life (19.4 ± 14.4 ng/ml to 38.9 ± 23.9 ng/ml) and then dipped (32.7 ± 18.4 ng/ml) before rising again at one week after birth (45.2 ± 19.1 ng/ml). Inflammatory markers increased during the first week of life. The acute postnatal hypoferremia in human neonates on the first day of life is highly reproducible but transient. The rise in serum iron during the first week of life occurs despite very high hepcidin levels indicating partial hepcidin resistance.Trial Registration: clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03353051). Registration date: November 27, 2017., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
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- 2023
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131. Transdiagnostic overlap in brain correlates of affective and cognitive theory of mind deficits.
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Van den Stock J, Cerami C, Dodich A, Cappa S, Vandenberghe R, De Winter FL, and Vandenbulcke M
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- Humans, Brain diagnostic imaging, Cognition, Theory of Mind
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- 2023
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132. Correction: Genetic variations in human ATP2B4 gene alter Plasmodium falciparum in vitro growth in RBCs from Gambian adults.
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Joof F, Hartmann E, Jarvis A, Colley A, Cross JH, Avril M, Prentice AM, and Cerami C
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- 2023
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133. Social and moral psychology of COVID-19 across 69 countries.
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Azevedo F, Pavlović T, Rêgo GG, Ay FC, Gjoneska B, Etienne TW, Ross RM, Schönegger P, Riaño-Moreno JC, Cichocka A, Capraro V, Cian L, Longoni C, Chan HF, Van Bavel JJ, Sjåstad H, Nezlek JB, Alfano M, Gelfand MJ, Birtel MD, Cislak A, Lockwood PL, Abts K, Agadullina E, Aruta JJB, Besharati SN, Bor A, Choma BL, Crabtree CD, Cunningham WA, De K, Ejaz W, Elbaek CT, Findor A, Flichtentrei D, Franc R, Gruber J, Gualda E, Horiuchi Y, Huynh TLD, Ibanez A, Imran MA, Israelashvili J, Jasko K, Kantorowicz J, Kantorowicz-Reznichenko E, Krouwel A, Laakasuo M, Lamm C, Leygue C, Lin MJ, Mansoor MS, Marie A, Mayiwar L, Mazepus H, McHugh C, Minda JP, Mitkidis P, Olsson A, Otterbring T, Packer DJ, Perry A, Petersen MB, Puthillam A, Rothmund T, Santamaría-García H, Schmid PC, Stoyanov D, Tewari S, Todosijević B, Tsakiris M, Tung HH, Umbres RG, Vanags E, Vlasceanu M, Vonasch A, Yucel M, Zhang Y, Abad M, Adler E, Akrawi N, Mdarhri HA, Amara H, Amodio DM, Antazo BG, Apps M, Ba MH, Barbosa S, Bastian B, Berg A, Bernal-Zárate MP, Bernstein M, Białek M, Bilancini E, Bogatyreva N, Boncinelli L, Booth JE, Borau S, Buchel O, Cameron CD, Carvalho CF, Celadin T, Cerami C, Chalise HN, Cheng X, Cockcroft K, Conway J, Córdoba-Delgado MA, Crespi C, Crouzevialle M, Cutler J, Cypryańska M, Dabrowska J, Daniels MA, Davis VH, Dayley PN, Delouvée S, Denkovski O, Dezecache G, Dhaliwal NA, Diato AB, Di Paolo R, Drosinou M, Dulleck U, Ekmanis J, Ertan AS, Farhana HH, Farkhari F, Farmer H, Fenwick A, Fidanovski K, Flew T, Fraser S, Frempong RB, Fugelsang JA, Gale J, Garcia-Navarro EB, Garladinne P, Ghajjou O, Gkinopoulos T, Gray K, Griffin SM, Gronfeldt B, Gümren M, Gurung RL, Halperin E, Harris E, Herzon V, Hruška M, Huang G, Hudecek MFC, Isler O, Jangard S, Jorgensen FJ, Kachanoff F, Kahn J, Dangol AK, Keudel O, Koppel L, Koverola M, Kubin E, Kunnari A, Kutiyski Y, Laguna OM, Leota J, Lermer E, Levy J, Levy N, Li C, Long EU, Maglić M, McCashin D, Metcalf AL, Mikloušić I, El Mimouni S, Miura A, Molina-Paredes J, Monroy-Fonseca C, Morales-Marente E, Moreau D, Muda R, Myer A, Nash K, Nesh-Nash T, Nitschke JP, Nurse MS, Ohtsubo Y, de Mello VO, O'Madagain C, Onderco M, Palacios-Galvez MS, Palomöki J, Pan Y, Papp Z, Pärnamets P, Paruzel-Czachura M, Pavlović Z, Payán-Gómez C, Perander S, Pitman MM, Prasad R, Pyrkosz-Pacyna J, Rathje S, Raza A, Rhee K, Robertson CE, Rodríguez-Pascual I, Saikkonen T, Salvador-Ginez O, Santi GC, Santiago-Tovar N, Savage D, Scheffer JA, Schultner DT, Schutte EM, Scott A, Sharma M, Sharma P, Skali A, Stadelmann D, Stafford CA, Stanojević D, Stefaniak A, Sternisko A, Stoica A, Stoyanova KK, Strickland B, Sundvall J, Thomas JP, Tinghög G, Torgler B, Traast IJ, Tucciarelli R, Tyrala M, Ungson ND, Uysal MS, Van Lange PAM, van Prooijen JW, van Rooy D, Västfjäll D, Verkoeijen P, Vieira JB, von Sikorski C, Walker AC, Watermeyer J, Wetter E, Whillans A, White K, Habib R, Willardt R, Wohl MJA, Wójcik AD, Wu K, Yamada Y, Yilmaz O, Yogeeswaran K, Ziemer CT, Zwaan RA, Boggio PS, and Sampaio WM
- Subjects
- Humans, Attitude, Morals, Pandemics, Surveys and Questionnaires, Social Change, Socioeconomic Factors, COVID-19 psychology
- Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected all domains of human life, including the economic and social fabric of societies. One of the central strategies for managing public health throughout the pandemic has been through persuasive messaging and collective behaviour change. To help scholars better understand the social and moral psychology behind public health behaviour, we present a dataset comprising of 51,404 individuals from 69 countries. This dataset was collected for the International Collaboration on Social & Moral Psychology of COVID-19 project (ICSMP COVID-19). This social science survey invited participants around the world to complete a series of moral and psychological measures and public health attitudes about COVID-19 during an early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic (between April and June 2020). The survey included seven broad categories of questions: COVID-19 beliefs and compliance behaviours; identity and social attitudes; ideology; health and well-being; moral beliefs and motivation; personality traits; and demographic variables. We report both raw and cleaned data, along with all survey materials, data visualisations, and psychometric evaluations of key variables., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
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- 2023
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134. Circulation of respiratory viruses during the COVID-19 pandemic in The Gambia.
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Jarju S, Senghore E, Brotherton H, Affleck L, Saidykhan A, Jallow S, Krubally E, Sinjanka E, Ndene MN, Bajo F, Sanyang MM, Saidy B, Bah A, Mohammed NI, Forrest K, Clarke E, Dalessandro U, Sesay AK, Usuf E, Cerami C, Roca A, Kampmann B, and de Silva TI
- Abstract
Background: In many countries, non-pharmaceutical interventions to limit severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission resulted in significant reductions in other respiratory viruses. However, similar data from Africa are limited. We explored the extent to which viruses such as influenza and rhinovirus co-circulated with SARS-CoV-2 in The Gambia during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods : Between April 2020 and March 2022, respiratory viruses were detected using RT-PCR in nasopharyngeal swabs from 1397 participants with influenza-like illness. An assay to detect SARS-CoV-2 and a viral multiplex RT-PCR assay was used as previously described to detect influenza A and B, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) A and B, parainfluenza viruses 1-4, human metapneumovirus (HMPV), adenovirus, seasonal coronaviruses (229E, OC43, NL63) and human rhinovirus. Results: Overall virus positivity was 44.2%, with prevalence higher in children <5 years (80%) compared to children aged 5-17 years (53.1%), adults aged 18-50 (39.5%) and >50 years (39.9%), p<0.0001. After SARS-CoV-2 (18.3%), rhinoviruses (10.5%) and influenza viruses (5.5%) were the most prevalent. SARS-CoV-2 positivity was lower in children <5 (4.3%) and 5-17 years (12.7%) than in adults aged 18-50 (19.3%) and >50 years (24.3%), p<0.0001. In contrast, rhinoviruses were most prevalent in children <5 years (28.7%), followed by children aged 5-17 (15.8%), adults aged 18-50 (8.3%) and >50 years (6.3%), p<0.0001. Four SARS-CoV-2 waves occurred, with 36.1%-52.4% SARS-CoV-2 positivity during peak months. Influenza infections were observed in both 2020 and 2021 during the rainy season as expected (peak positivity 16.4%-23.5%). Peaks of rhinovirus were asynchronous to the months when SARS-CoV-2 and influenza peaked. Conclusion : Our data show that many respiratory viruses continued to circulate during the COVID-19 pandemic in The Gambia, including human rhinoviruses, despite the presence of NPIs during the early stages of the pandemic, and influenza peaks during expected months., Competing Interests: No competing interests were disclosed., (Copyright: © 2023 Jarju S et al.)
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- 2023
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135. Editorial: The diagnosis and the therapy of social cognition deficits in adults affected by ADHD and MCI.
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Sacco L, Morellini L, and Cerami C
- Abstract
Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
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- 2023
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136. Protocol and application of basal erythrocyte transketolase activity to improve assessment of thiamine status.
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Jones KS, Parkington DA, Bourassa MW, Cerami C, and Koulman A
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- Humans, Female, Transketolase, Erythrocytes metabolism, Hemoglobins, Biomarkers, Thiamine, Thiamine Deficiency diagnosis
- Abstract
Thiamine (vitamin B1) is an essential micronutrient required as a cofactor in many metabolic processes. Clinical symptoms of thiamine deficiency are poorly defined, hence biomarkers of thiamine status are important. The erythrocyte transketolase activity coefficient (ETKac) is a sensitive measure of thiamine status, but its interpretation may be confounded where the availability of the transketolase enzyme is limited. Basal ETK activity per gram of hemoglobin provides a complementary biomarker of thiamine status; however, its measurement and calculation are poorly described. Here, we describe in detail the assessment of basal ETK activity, including the calculation of path length in microplates and the molar absorption coefficient of NADH specific to the assay, and the measurement of hemoglobin in sample hemolysates. To illustrate the application of the methods, we present ETKac and basal ETK activity from women in The Gambia and UK. In conclusion, we present a clear protocol for the measurement of basal ETK activity that will permit the harmonization of methods to improve replication between laboratories., (© 2023 The Authors. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of New York Academy of Sciences.)
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- 2023
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137. HomeCoRe system for telerehabilitation in individuals at risk of dementia: A usability and user experience study.
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Bernini S, Panzarasa S, Quaglini S, Costa A, Picascia M, Cappa SF, Cerami C, Tassorelli C, Vecchi T, and Bottiroli S
- Abstract
Background: Telerehabilitation has enabled a broader application of cognitive rehabilitation programs. We have recently developed HomeCoRe, a system for supporting cognitive intervention remotely with the assistance of a family member. The main goal of the present study was to determine usability and user experience of HomeCoRe in individuals at risk of dementia and in their family members. The association between subjects' technological skills and main outcome measures was evaluated as well., Methods: Fourteen individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) or mild neurocognitive disorder (mNCD) were recruited to participate in this pilot study. All participants received a touch-screen laptop implemented with the HomeCoRe software. The intervention consisted of 18 sessions and included a patient-tailored adaptive protocol of cognitive exercises. Usability was assessed in terms of treatment adherence and participants' performance across sessions; user experience via self-reported questionnaires and a descriptive diary., Results: Usability and user experience were overall satisfactory and suggested usability, pleasantness, and high motivation while using HomeCoRe. Technological skills correlated only with the perceived ability to start and/or perform exercises autonomously., Discussion: These results, although preliminary, suggest that the usability and user experience of HomeCoRe are satisfactory and independent of technological skills. These findings encourage wider and more systematic use of HomeCoRe to overcome the current limitations of in-person cognitive rehabilitation programs and to reach more individuals at risk of dementia., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Bernini, Panzarasa, Quaglini, Costa, Picascia, Cappa, Cerami, Tassorelli, Vecchi and Bottiroli.)
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- 2023
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138. Genetic variations in human ATP2B4 gene alter Plasmodium falciparum in vitro growth in RBCs from Gambian adults.
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Joof F, Hartmann E, Jarvis A, Colley A, Cross JH, Avril M, Prentice AM, and Cerami C
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- Adult, Humans, Calcium metabolism, Cross-Sectional Studies, Erythrocytes parasitology, Gambia, Plasmodium falciparum, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Malaria, Falciparum genetics, Plasma Membrane Calcium-Transporting ATPases genetics, Plasma Membrane Calcium-Transporting ATPases metabolism
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Background: Polymorphisms in ATP2B4 coding for PMCA4b, the primary regulator of erythrocyte calcium concentration, have been shown by GWAS and cross-sectional studies to protect against severe malaria but the mechanism remains unknown., Methods: Using a recall-by-genotype design, we investigated the impact of a common haplotype variant in ATP2B4 using in vitro assays that model erythrocyte stage malaria pathogenesis. Ninety-six donors representing homozygote (carriers of the minor allele, C/C), heterozygote (T/C) and wildtype (T/T) carriers of the tagging SNP rs1541252 were selected from a cohort of over 12,000 participants in the Keneba Biobank., Results: Red blood cells (RBCs) from homozygotes showed reduced PMCA4b protein expression (mean fluorescence intensities (MFI = 2428 ± 124, 3544 ± 159 and 4261 ± 283], for homozygotes, heterozygotes and wildtypes respectively, p < 0.0001) and slower rates of calcium expulsion (calcium t
½ ± SD = 4.7 ± 0.5, 1.8 ± 0.3 and 1.9 ± 0.4 min, p < 0.0001). Growth of a Plasmodium falciparum laboratory strain (FCR3) and two Gambian field isolates was decreased in RBCs from homozygotes compared to heterozygotes and wildtypes (p < 0.01). Genotype group did not affect parasite adhesion in vitro or var-gene expression in malaria-infected RBCs. Parasite growth was inhibited by a known inhibitor of PMCA4b, aurintricarboxylic acid (IC50 = 122uM CI: 110-134) confirming its sensitivity to calcium channel blockade., Conclusion: The data support the hypothesis that this ATP2B4 genotype, common in The Gambia and other malaria-endemic areas, protects against severe malaria through the suppression of parasitaemia during an infection. Reduction in parasite density plays a pivotal role in disease outcome by minimizing all aspects of malaria pathogenesis. Follow up studies are needed to further elucidate the mechanism of protection and to determine if this ATP2B4 genotype carries a fitness cost or increases susceptibility to other human disease., (© 2023. The Author(s).)- Published
- 2023
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139. Transmission prevention behaviors in US households with SARS-CoV-2 cases in 2020.
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Rubinstein RJ, Mei W, Cassidy CA, Streeter G, Basham C, Cerami C, Lin FC, Lin JT, and Mollan KR
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Introduction: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission frequently occurs within households, yet few studies describe which household contacts and household units are most likely to engage in transmission-interrupting behaviors., Methods: We analyzed a COVID-19 prospective household transmission cohort in North Carolina (April to October 2020) to quantify changes in physical distancing behaviors among household contacts over 14 days. We evaluated which household contacts were most likely to ever mask at home and to ever share a bedroom with the index case between days 7-14., Results: In the presence of a household COVID-19 infection, 24% of household contacts reported ever masking at home during the week before study entry. Masking in the home between days 7-14 was reported by 26% of household contacts and was more likely for participants who observed their household index case wearing a mask. Participants of color and participants in high-density households were more likely to mask at home. After adjusting for race/ethnicity, living density was not as clearly associated with masking. Symptomatic household contacts were more likely to share a bedroom with the index case. Working individuals and those with comorbidities avoided sharing a bedroom with the index case., Discussion: In-home masking during household exposure to COVID-19 was infrequent in 2020. In light of the ongoing transmission of SARS-CoV-2, these findings underscore a need for health campaigns to increase the feasibility and social desirability of in-home masking among exposed household members. Joint messaging on social responsibility and prevention of breakthrough infections, reinfections, and long COVID-19 may help motivate transmission-interruption behaviors., Competing Interests: KM has received grant support from Ridgeback Biotherapeutics LP (2020-2021), the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, and has HIV collaborations, unrelated to this study, with Gilead Sciences (ongoing). RR worked as a graduate research assistant for tuition support with GlaxoSmithKline (2021-2022) and for CERobs, LLC (2022-present) on projects unrelated to this manuscript. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
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- 2023
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140. Hepcidin-guided screen-and-treat interventions for young children with iron-deficiency anaemia in The Gambia: an individually randomised, three-arm, double-blind, controlled, proof-of-concept, non-inferiority trial.
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Wegmüller R, Bah A, Kendall L, Goheen MM, Sanyang S, Danso E, Sise EA, Jallow A, Verhoef H, Jallow MW, Wathuo M, Armitage AE, Drakesmith H, Pasricha SR, Cross JH, Cerami C, and Prentice AM
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- Humans, Child, Child, Preschool, Hepcidins, Gambia, Iron therapeutic use, Hemoglobins, Anemia, Iron-Deficiency diagnosis, Anemia, Iron-Deficiency drug therapy, Iron Deficiencies
- Abstract
Background: Iron deficiency is the most prevalent nutritional disorder worldwide. Iron supplementation has modest efficacy, causes gastrointestinal side-effects that limit compliance, and has been associated with serious adverse outcomes in children across low-income settings. We aimed to compare two hepcidin-guided screen-and-treat regimens designed to reduce overall iron dosage by targeting its administration to periods when children were safe and ready to receive iron supplementation, with WHO's recommendation of universal iron supplementation., Methods: We conducted an individually randomised, three-arm, double-blind, controlled, proof-of-concept, non-inferiority trial in 12 rural communities across The Gambia. Eligible participants were children aged 6-23 months with anaemia. Participants were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to either the WHO recommended regimen of one sachet of multiple micronutrient powder (MMP) daily containing 12·0 mg iron as encapsulated ferrous fumarate (control group); to MMP with 12·0 mg per day iron for the next 7 days if plasma hepcidin concentration was less than 5·5 μg/L, or to MMP without iron for the next 7 days if plasma hepcidin concentration was at least 5·5 μg/L (12 mg screen-and-treat group); or to MMP with 6·0 mg per day iron for the next 7 days if plasma hepcidin concentration was less than 5·5 μg/L, or to MMP without iron for the next 7 days if plasma hepcidin concentration was at least 5·5 μg/L (6 mg screen-and-treat group). Randomisation was done by use of a permuted block design (block size of 9), with stratification by haemoglobin and age, using computer-generated numbers. Participants and the research team (except for the data manager) were masked to group allocation. The primary outcome was haemoglobin concentration, with a non-inferiority margin of -5 g/L. A per-protocol analysis, including only children who had consumed at least 90% of the supplements (ie, supplement intake on ≥75 days during the study), was done to assess non-inferiority of the primary outcome at day 84 using a one-sided t test adjusted for multiple comparisons. Safety was assessed by use of ex-vivo growth tests of Plasmodium falciparum in erythrocytes and three species of sentinel bacteria in plasma samples from participants. This trial is registered with the ISRCTN registry, ISRCTN07210906., Findings: Between April 23, 2014, and Aug 7, 2015, we prescreened 783 children, of whom 407 were enrolled into the study: 135 were randomly assigned to the control group, 136 to the 12 mg screen-and-treat group, and 136 to the 6 mg screen-and-treat group. 345 (85%) children were included in the per-protocol population: 115 in the control group, 116 in the 12 mg screen-and-treat group, and 114 in the 6 mg screen-and-treat group. Directly observed adherence was high across all groups (control group 94·8%, 12 mg screen-and-treat group 95·3%, and 6 mg screen-and-treat group 95·0%). 82 days of iron supplementation increased mean haemoglobin concentration by 7·7 g/L (95% CI 3·2 to 12·2) in the control group. Both screen-and-treat regimens were significantly less efficacious at improving haemoglobin (-5·6 g/L [98·3% CI -9·9 to -1·3] in the 12 mg screen-and-treat group and -7·8 g/L [98·3% CI -12·2 to -3·5] in the 6 mg screen-and-treat group) and neither regimen met the preset non-inferiority margin of -5 g/L. The 12 mg screen-and-treat regimen reduced iron dosage to 6·1 mg per day and the 6 mg screen-and-treat regimen reduced dosage to 3·0 mg per day. 580 adverse events were observed in 316 participants, of which eight were serious adverse events requiring hospitalisation mainly due to diarrhoeal disease (one [1%] participant in the control group, three [2%] in the 12 mg screen-and-treat group, and four [3%] in the 6 mg screen-and-treat group). The most common causes of non-serious adverse events (n=572) were diarrhoea (145 events [25%]), upper respiratory tract infections (194 [34%]), lower respiratory tract infections (62 [11%]), and skin infections (122 [21%]). No adverse events were deemed to be related to the study interventions., Interpretation: The hepcidin-guided screen-and-treat strategy to target iron administration succeeded in reducing overall iron dosage, but was considerably less efficacious at increasing haemoglobin and combating iron deficiency and anaemia than was WHO's standard of care, and showed no differences in morbidity or safety outcomes., Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and UK Medical Research Council., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests We declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
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- 2023
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141. Circulation of respiratory viruses during the COVID-19 pandemic in The Gambia.
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Jarju S, Senghore E, Brotherton H, Saidykhan A, Jallow S, Krubally E, Sinjanka E, Ndene MN, Bajo F, Sanyang MM, Saidy B, Bah A, Muhammed NI, Forrest K, Clarke E, Dalessandro U, Sesay AK, Usuf E, Cerami C, Roca A, Kampmann B, and de Silva TI
- Abstract
Background: In many countries, non-pharmaceutical interventions to limit severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission resulted in significant reductions in other respiratory viruses. However, similar data from Africa are limited. We explored the extent to which viruses such as influenza and rhinovirus co-circulated with SARS-CoV-2 in The Gambia during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods : Between April 2020 and March 2022, respiratory viruses were detected using RT-PCR in nasopharyngeal swabs from 1397 participants with influenza-like illness. An assay to detect SARS-CoV-2 and a viral multiplex RT-PCR assay was used as previously described to detect influenza A and B, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) A and B, parainfluenza viruses 1-4, human metapneumovirus (HMPV), adenovirus, seasonal coronaviruses (229E, OC43, NL63) and human rhinovirus. Results: Overall virus positivity was 44.2%, with prevalence higher in children <5 years (80%) compared to children aged 5-17 years (53.1%), adults aged 18-50 (39.5%) and >50 years (39.9%), p<0.0001. After SARS-CoV-2 (18.3%), rhinoviruses (10.5%) and influenza viruses (5.5%) were the most prevalent. SARS-CoV-2 positivity was lower in children <5 (4.3%) and 5-17 years (12.7%) than in adults aged 18-50 (19.3%) and >50 years (24.3%), p<0.0001. In contrast, rhinoviruses were most prevalent in children <5 years (28.7%), followed by children aged 5-17 (15.8%), adults aged 18-50 (8.3%) and >50 years (6.3%), p<0.0001. Four SARS-CoV-2 waves occurred, with 36.1%-52.4% SARS-CoV-2 positivity during peak months. Influenza infections were observed in both 2020 and 2021 during the rainy season as expected (peak positivity 16.4%-23.5%). Peaks of rhinovirus were asynchronous to the months when SARS-CoV-2 and influenza peaked. Conclusion : Our data show that many respiratory viruses continued to circulate during the COVID-19 pandemic in The Gambia, including human rhinoviruses, despite the presence of NPIs during the early stages of the pandemic, and influenza peaks during expected months., Competing Interests: No competing interests were disclosed., (Copyright: © 2022 Jarju S et al.)
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- 2022
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142. Transmission prevention behaviors in US households with SARS-CoV-2 cases in 2020.
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Rubinstein R, Mei W, Cassidy CA, Streeter G, Basham C, Cerami C, Lin FC, Lin JT, and Mollan KR
- Abstract
Background: SARS-CoV-2 transmission frequently occurs within households, yet few studies describe which household contacts and household units are most likely to engage in transmission-interrupting behaviors., Methods: We analyzed a COVID-19 prospective household transmission cohort in North Carolina (April-Oct 2020) to quantify changes in physical distancing behaviors among household contacts over 14 days. We evaluated which household contacts were most likely to ever mask at home and to ever share a bedroom with the index case between Days 7-14., Results: In the presence of a household COVID-19 infection, 24% of household contacts reported ever masking at home during the week before study entry. Masking in the home between Days 7-14 was reported by 26% of household contacts, and was more likely for participants who observed their household index case wearing a mask. Participants of color and participants in high-density households were more likely to mask at home. After adjusting for race/ethnicity, living density was not as clearly associated with masking. Symptomatic household contacts were more likely to share a bedroom with the index case. Working individuals and those with comorbidities avoided sharing a bedroom with the index case., Conclusion: In-home masking during household exposure to COVID-19 was infrequent in 2020. In light of ongoing transmission of SARS-CoV-2, these findings underscore a need for health campaigns to increase the feasibility and social desirability of in-home masking among exposed household members. Joint messaging on social responsibility and prevention of breakthrough infections, reinfections, and long COVID-19 may help motivate transmission-interruption behaviors.
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- 2022
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143. A longitudinal investigation of dietary diversity during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mandinka households in Kanifing, Brikama, and the West Kiang region in The Gambia.
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Sidebottom R, Wassie SB, Cerami C, Jallow MW, Fennell S, and Dalzell S
- Abstract
The Covid pandemic has exposed fissures of inequality through heightened food insecurity and nutritional deficiency for vulnerable social cohorts with limited coping mechanisms. Given the multi-dimensional pathways through which its effects have been felt, several researchers have highlighted the need to analyse the pandemic in specific contexts. Using random and fixed effect regression models, this study analyzed longitudinal survey data collected from 103 Mandinka households in rural and urban Gambia. The study employed convenience and snowball sampling and involved the monthly collection of detailed income, food consumption, expenditure, sourcing, migration, health, and coping mechanism data through mobile phone interviews which yielded 676 observations. Food insecurity was manifest in terms of quality, not quantity, and spread unevenly across food types and households. Dietary outcomes and sourcing strategies were associated with location, improved sanitation, household size, changes in monthly income, Covid policy stringency, and Covid cases but these associations varied by food group. Staples were the most frequently consumed food group, and dark green vegetables were the least. Rural communities were more likely to eat more healthy millets but much less likely to consume dairy products or roots and tubers. Access to own production was also important for Vitamin A-rich foods but higher incomes and markets were key for protein and heme-iron-rich foods. Tighter Covid policy stringency was negatively associated with dietary diversity and, along with fear of market hoarding, was positively associated with reliance on a range of consumption and production coping mechanisms. Resilience was higher in larger households and those with improved water and sanitation. The number of Covid cases was associated with higher consumption of protein-rich foods and greater reliance on own produced iron-rich foods. Very few households received Government aid and those that did already had access to other income sources. Our findings suggest that the nature of food insecurity may have evolved over time during the pandemic. They also reiterate not only the importance of access to markets and employment but also that the capacity to absorb affordability shocks and maintain food choices through switching between sources for specific nutritious food groups varied by household and location., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Sidebottom, Wassie, Cerami, Jallow, Fennell and Dalzell.)
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- 2022
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144. A Call for Drug Therapies for the Treatment of Social Behavior Disorders in Dementia: Systematic Review of Evidence and State of the Art.
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Cerami C, Perini G, Panzavolta A, Cotta Ramusino M, and Costa A
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- Cognition, Humans, Social Behavior, Social Behavior Disorders, Frontotemporal Dementia drug therapy, Oxytocin pharmacology
- Abstract
Growing evidence supports the presence of social cognition deficits and social behavior alterations in major and minor neurocognitive disorders (NCDs). Even though the ability to identify socio-emotional changes has significantly improved in recent years, there is still no specific treatment available. Thus, we explored evidence of drug therapies targeting social cognition alterations in NCDs. Papers were selected according to PRISMA guidelines by searching on the PubMed and Scopus databases. Only papers reporting information on pharmacological interventions for the treatment of social cognition and/or social behavioral changes in major and/or minor NCDs were included. Among the 171 articles entered in the paper selection, only 9 papers were eligible for the scope of the review. Trials testing pharmacological treatments for socio-emotional alterations in NCDs are poor and of low-medium quality. A few attempts with neuroprotective, psychoactive, or immunomodulating drugs have been made. Oxytocin is the only drug specifically targeting the social brain that has been tested with promising results in frontotemporal dementia. Its beneficial effects in long-term use have yet to be evaluated. No recommendation can currently be provided. There is a long way to go to identify and test effective targets to treat social cognition changes in NCDs for the ultimate benefit of patients and caregivers.
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- 2022
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145. Uncertain crisis time affects psychosocial dimensions in beta-thalassemia patients during Covid-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study.
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Cerami C, Santi GC, Sammartano I, Borsellino Z, Cuccia L, Battista Ruffo G, and Crespi C
- Subjects
- Adaptation, Psychological, Case-Control Studies, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depression psychology, Humans, Loneliness, Pandemics, SARS-CoV-2, Social Isolation, Anxiety, COVID-19, Psychological Distress, beta-Thalassemia
- Abstract
Psychosocial variables are key factors influencing the delicate equilibrium of chronic patients during crisis time. In this study, we explored distress, anxiety, depression, loneliness, coping strategies, and changes in life habits in 43 beta-thalassemia patients and 86 controls during Covid-19 pandemic. Patients showed higher anxiety levels and a predominant transcendent coping profile compared to controls. Patients significantly differed from controls in outdoor habits. Social isolation and habits changes in uncertain life-threaten situations as Covid-19 pandemic are particularly detrimental in fragile beta-thalassemia patients. Structured support interventions are needed to promote well-being in the Covid-19 era.
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- 2022
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146. Predicting attitudinal and behavioral responses to COVID-19 pandemic using machine learning.
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Pavlović T, Azevedo F, De K, Riaño-Moreno JC, Maglić M, Gkinopoulos T, Donnelly-Kehoe PA, Payán-Gómez C, Huang G, Kantorowicz J, Birtel MD, Schönegger P, Capraro V, Santamaría-García H, Yucel M, Ibanez A, Rathje S, Wetter E, Stanojević D, van Prooijen JW, Hesse E, Elbaek CT, Franc R, Pavlović Z, Mitkidis P, Cichocka A, Gelfand M, Alfano M, Ross RM, Sjåstad H, Nezlek JB, Cislak A, Lockwood P, Abts K, Agadullina E, Amodio DM, Apps MAJ, Aruta JJB, Besharati S, Bor A, Choma B, Cunningham W, Ejaz W, Farmer H, Findor A, Gjoneska B, Gualda E, Huynh TLD, Imran MA, Israelashvili J, Kantorowicz-Reznichenko E, Krouwel A, Kutiyski Y, Laakasuo M, Lamm C, Levy J, Leygue C, Lin MJ, Mansoor MS, Marie A, Mayiwar L, Mazepus H, McHugh C, Olsson A, Otterbring T, Packer D, Palomäki J, Perry A, Petersen MB, Puthillam A, Rothmund T, Schmid PC, Stadelmann D, Stoica A, Stoyanov D, Stoyanova K, Tewari S, Todosijević B, Torgler B, Tsakiris M, Tung HH, Umbreș RG, Vanags E, Vlasceanu M, Vonasch AJ, Zhang Y, Abad M, Adler E, Mdarhri HA, Antazo B, Ay FC, Ba MEH, Barbosa S, Bastian B, Berg A, Białek M, Bilancini E, Bogatyreva N, Boncinelli L, Booth JE, Borau S, Buchel O, de Carvalho CF, Celadin T, Cerami C, Chalise HN, Cheng X, Cian L, Cockcroft K, Conway J, Córdoba-Delgado MA, Crespi C, Crouzevialle M, Cutler J, Cypryańska M, Dabrowska J, Davis VH, Minda JP, Dayley PN, Delouvée S, Denkovski O, Dezecache G, Dhaliwal NA, Diato A, Di Paolo R, Dulleck U, Ekmanis J, Etienne TW, Farhana HH, Farkhari F, Fidanovski K, Flew T, Fraser S, Frempong RB, Fugelsang J, Gale J, García-Navarro EB, Garladinne P, Gray K, Griffin SM, Gronfeldt B, Gruber J, Halperin E, Herzon V, Hruška M, Hudecek MFC, Isler O, Jangard S, Jørgensen F, Keudel O, Koppel L, Koverola M, Kunnari A, Leota J, Lermer E, Li C, Longoni C, McCashin D, Mikloušić I, Molina-Paredes J, Monroy-Fonseca C, Morales-Marente E, Moreau D, Muda R, Myer A, Nash K, Nitschke JP, Nurse MS, de Mello VO, Palacios-Galvez MS, Pan Y, Papp Z, Pärnamets P, Paruzel-Czachura M, Perander S, Pitman M, Raza A, Rêgo GG, Robertson C, Rodríguez-Pascual I, Saikkonen T, Salvador-Ginez O, Sampaio WM, Santi GC, Schultner D, Schutte E, Scott A, Skali A, Stefaniak A, Sternisko A, Strickland B, Thomas JP, Tinghög G, Traast IJ, Tucciarelli R, Tyrala M, Ungson ND, Uysal MS, Van Rooy D, Västfjäll D, Vieira JB, von Sikorski C, Walker AC, Watermeyer J, Willardt R, Wohl MJA, Wójcik AD, Wu K, Yamada Y, Yilmaz O, Yogeeswaran K, Ziemer CT, Zwaan RA, Boggio PS, Whillans A, Van Lange PAM, Prasad R, Onderco M, O'Madagain C, Nesh-Nash T, Laguna OM, Kubin E, Gümren M, Fenwick A, Ertan AS, Bernstein MJ, Amara H, and Van Bavel JJ
- Abstract
At the beginning of 2020, COVID-19 became a global problem. Despite all the efforts to emphasize the relevance of preventive measures, not everyone adhered to them. Thus, learning more about the characteristics determining attitudinal and behavioral responses to the pandemic is crucial to improving future interventions. In this study, we applied machine learning on the multinational data collected by the International Collaboration on the Social and Moral Psychology of COVID-19 ( N = 51,404) to test the predictive efficacy of constructs from social, moral, cognitive, and personality psychology, as well as socio-demographic factors, in the attitudinal and behavioral responses to the pandemic. The results point to several valuable insights. Internalized moral identity provided the most consistent predictive contribution-individuals perceiving moral traits as central to their self-concept reported higher adherence to preventive measures. Similar results were found for morality as cooperation, symbolized moral identity, self-control, open-mindedness, and collective narcissism, while the inverse relationship was evident for the endorsement of conspiracy theories. However, we also found a non-neglible variability in the explained variance and predictive contributions with respect to macro-level factors such as the pandemic stage or cultural region. Overall, the results underscore the importance of morality-related and contextual factors in understanding adherence to public health recommendations during the pandemic., (© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of National Academy of Sciences.)
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- 2022
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147. Answer to "Social cognition assessment for mild neurocognitive disorders".
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Dodich A, Boccardi M, Sacco L, Monsch AU, Démonet JF, Filardi M, Logroscino G, Salmon DP, Weinbtraub S, Dubois B, Cappa SF, and Cerami C
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- Cognition, Humans, Neurocognitive Disorders, Neuropsychological Tests, Cognitive Dysfunction diagnosis, Social Cognition
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- 2022
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148. Household Transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in the United States: Living Density, Viral Load, and Disproportionate Impact on Communities of Color.
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Cerami C, Popkin-Hall ZR, Rapp T, Tompkins K, Zhang H, Muller MS, Basham C, Whittelsey M, Chhetri SB, Smith J, Litel C, Lin KD, Churiwal M, Khan S, Rubinstein R, Claman F, Mollan K, Wohl D, Premkumar L, Powers KA, Juliano JJ, Lin FC, and Lin JT
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- Crowding, Family Characteristics, Humans, Prospective Studies, United States, Viral Load, COVID-19 epidemiology, SARS-CoV-2
- Abstract
Background: Households are hot spots for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 transmission., Methods: This prospective study enrolled 100 coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases and 208 of their household members in North Carolina though October 2020, including 44% who identified as Hispanic or non-White. Households were enrolled a median of 6 days from symptom onset in the index case. Incident secondary cases within the household were detected using quantitative polymerase chain reaction of weekly nasal swabs (days 7, 14, 21) or by seroconversion at day 28., Results: Excluding 73 household contacts who were PCR-positive at baseline, the secondary attack rate (SAR) among household contacts was 32% (33 of 103; 95% confidence interval [CI], 22%-44%). The majority of cases occurred by day 7, with later cases confirmed as household-acquired by viral sequencing. Infected persons in the same household had similar nasopharyngeal viral loads (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.45; 95% CI, .23-.62). Households with secondary transmission had index cases with a median viral load that was 1.4 log10 higher than those without transmission (P = .03), as well as higher living density (more than 3 persons occupying fewer than 6 rooms; odds ratio, 3.3; 95% CI, 1.02-10.9). Minority households were more likely to experience high living density and had a higher risk of incident infection than did White households (SAR, 51% vs 19%; P = .01)., Conclusions: Household crowding in the context of high-inoculum infections may amplify the spread of COVID-19, potentially contributing to disproportionate impact on communities of color., (© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
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- 2022
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149. Author Correction: National identity predicts public health support during a global pandemic.
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Van Bavel JJ, Cichocka A, Capraro V, Sjåstad H, Nezlek JB, Pavlović T, Alfano M, Gelfand MJ, Azevedo F, Birtel MD, Cislak A, Lockwood PL, Ross RM, Abts K, Agadullina E, Aruta JJB, Besharati SN, Bor A, Choma BL, Crabtree CD, Cunningham WA, De K, Ejaz W, Elbaek CT, Findor A, Flichtentrei D, Franc R, Gjoneska B, Gruber J, Gualda E, Horiuchi Y, Huynh TLD, Ibanez A, Imran MA, Israelashvili J, Jasko K, Kantorowicz J, Kantorowicz-Reznichenko E, Krouwel A, Laakasuo M, Lamm C, Leygue C, Lin MJ, Mansoor MS, Marie A, Mayiwar L, Mazepus H, McHugh C, Minda JP, Mitkidis P, Olsson A, Otterbring T, Packer DJ, Perry A, Petersen MB, Puthillam A, Riaño-Moreno JC, Rothmund T, Santamaría-García H, Schmid PC, Stoyanov D, Tewari S, Todosijević B, Tsakiris M, Tung HH, Umbreș RG, Vanags E, Vlasceanu M, Vonasch A, Yucel M, Zhang Y, Abad M, Adler E, Akrawi N, Mdarhri HA, Amara H, Amodio DM, Antazo BG, Apps M, Ay FC, Ba MH, Barbosa S, Bastian B, Berg A, Bernal-Zárate MP, Bernstein M, Białek M, Bilancini E, Bogatyreva N, Boncinelli L, Booth JE, Borau S, Buchel O, Cameron CD, Carvalho CF, Celadin T, Cerami C, Chalise HN, Cheng X, Cian L, Cockcroft K, Conway J, Córdoba-Delgado MA, Crespi C, Crouzevialle M, Cutler J, Cypryańska M, Dabrowska J, Daniels MA, Davis VH, Dayley PN, Delouvee S, Denkovski O, Dezecache G, Dhaliwal NA, Diato AB, Di Paolo R, Drosinou M, Dulleck U, Ekmanis J, Ertan AS, Etienne TW, Farhana HH, Farkhari F, Farmer H, Fenwick A, Fidanovski K, Flew T, Fraser S, Frempong RB, Fugelsang JA, Gale J, Garcia-Navarro EB, Garladinne P, Ghajjou O, Gkinopoulos T, Gray K, Griffin SM, Gronfeldt B, Gümren M, Gurung RL, Halperin E, Harris E, Herzon V, Hruška M, Huang G, Hudecek MFC, Isler O, Jangard S, Jørgensen FJ, Kachanoff F, Kahn J, Dangol AK, Keudel O, Koppel L, Koverola M, Kubin E, Kunnari A, Kutiyski Y, Laguna O, Leota J, Lermer E, Levy J, Levy N, Li C, Long EU, Longoni C, Maglić M, McCashin D, Metcalf AL, Mikloušić I, El Mimouni S, Miura A, Molina-Paredes J, Monroy-Fonseca C, Morales-Marente E, Moreau D, Muda R, Myer A, Nash K, Nesh-Nash T, Nitschke JP, Nurse MS, Ohtsubo Y, Oldemburgo de Mello V, O'Madagain C, Onderco M, Palacios-Galvez MS, Palomäki J, Pan Y, Papp Z, Pärnamets P, Paruzel-Czachura M, Pavlović Z, Payán-Gómez C, Perander S, Pitman MM, Prasad R, Pyrkosz-Pacyna J, Rathje S, Raza A, Rêgo GG, Rhee K, Robertson CE, Rodríguez-Pascual I, Saikkonen T, Salvador-Ginez O, Sampaio WM, Santi GC, Santiago-Tovar N, Savage D, Scheffer JA, Schönegger P, Schultner DT, Schutte EM, Scott A, Sharma M, Sharma P, Skali A, Stadelmann D, Stafford CA, Stanojević D, Stefaniak A, Sternisko A, Stoica A, Stoyanova KK, Strickland B, Sundvall J, Thomas JP, Tinghög G, Torgler B, Traast IJ, Tucciarelli R, Tyrala M, Ungson ND, Uysal MS, Van Lange PAM, van Prooijen JW, van Rooy D, Västfjäll D, Verkoeijen P, Vieira JB, von Sikorski C, Walker AC, Watermeyer J, Wetter E, Whillans A, Willardt R, Wohl MJA, Wójcik AD, Wu K, Yamada Y, Yilmaz O, Yogeeswaran K, Ziemer CT, Zwaan RA, and Boggio PS
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- 2022
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150. Emotion Recognition Deficits in the Differential Diagnosis of Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Cognitive Marker for the Limbic-Predominant Phenotype.
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Dodich A, Crespi C, Santi GC, Marcone A, Iannaccone S, Perani D, Cappa SF, and Cerami C
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- Biomarkers, Cognition, Diagnosis, Differential, Emotions, Humans, Neuropsychological Tests, Phenotype, Alzheimer Disease diagnosis, Cognitive Dysfunction diagnosis, Cognitive Dysfunction psychology
- Abstract
Objective: Late-onset amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) with long disease course and slow progression has been recently recognized as a possible phenotypical expression of a limbic-predominant neurodegenerative disorder. Basic emotion recognition ability crucially depending on temporo-limbic integrity is supposed to be impaired in this group of MCI subjects presenting a selective vulnerability of medio-temporal and limbic regions. However, no study specifically investigated this issue., Methods: Hereby, we enrolled 30 aMCI with a biomarker-based diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (i.e., aMCI-AD, n = 16) or a biomarker evidence of selective medio-temporal and limbic degeneration (aMCI-mTLD, n = 14). Ekman-60 Faces Test (Ek-60F) was administered to each subject, comparing the performance with that of 20 healthy controls (HCs)., Results: aMCI-mTLD subjects showed significantly lower Ek-60F global scores compared to HC (p = 0.001), whose performance was comparable to aMCI-AD. Fear (p = 0.02), surprise (p = 0.005), and anger (p = 0.01) recognition deficits characterized the aMCI-mTLD performance. Fear recognition scores were significantly lower in aMCI-mTLD compared to aMCI-AD (p = 0.04), while no differences were found in other emotions., Conclusions: Impaired social cognition, suggested by defective performance in emotion recognition tasks, may be a useful cognitive marker to detect limbic-predominant aMCI subjects among the heterogeneous aMCI population.
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- 2022
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