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Aquest treball es centra en la necessitat d'abordar el volum creixent de residus sòlids tèxtils i millorar la gestió d'aquests materials atesa l'actual limitació tecnològica en l'obtenció de productes de qualitat a partir d'aquests. Davant del desafiament de l'economia circular en el context de residus tèxtils, es proposa la incorporació d'un separador ciclònic al procés de trituració mecànica, buscant així eliminar les fibres més curtes o separar diferents materials per millorar la uniformitat del triturat. El disseny de l'equip pretén la separació total dels elements particulats, l'objectiu del projecte és modificar aquest disseny amb l'afany de separar-ne únicament un grup i crear un “classificador ciclònic”. La metodologia emprada involucra l'experimentació amb un cicló estàndard per entendre el comportament de les fibres, així com crear una rèplica analítica per conèixer la desviació del model numèric per un substrat complex. Posteriorment, es desenvolupa un disseny òptim del cicló específic i es realitzen simulacions de fluidodinàmica computacional (CFD) per verificar-ne l'eficàcia. Encara que els resultats teòrics del cicló dissenyat no resulten encoratjadors, l'anàlisi inicial ressalta que la desviació del model és especialment significativa en el cas de les fibres a causa de la seva longitud i elasticitat. En conclusió, se subratlla la necessitat de dur a terme un estudi d'Elements Discrets (DEM) o construir un model per comprendre de manera més precisa el comportament real de les fibres al cicló dissenyat, cosa que resulta essencial per avançar en la gestió eficaç de residus tèxtils a l'economia circular., Este trabajo se centra en la necesidad de abordar el creciente volumen de residuos sólidos textiles y mejorar la gestión de estos materiales, dada la actual limitación tecnológica en la obtención de productos de calidad a partir de ellos. Ante el desafío de la economía circular en el contexto de residuos textiles, se propone la incorporación de un separador ciclónico en el proceso de trituración mecánica, buscando así eliminar las fibras más cortas o separar distintos materiales con el fin de mejorar la uniformidad del triturado. El diseño del equipo pretende la separación total de los elementos particulados, el objetivo del proyecto es modificar este diseño con el afán de separar únicamente un grupo de ellos y crear un “clasificador ciclónico”. La metodología empleada involucra la experimentación con un ciclón estándar para entender el comportamiento de las fibras, así como la creación de una réplica analítica para conocer la desviación del modelo numérico en un sustrato complejo. Posteriormente, se desarrolla un diseño óptimo del ciclón específico y se realizan simulaciones DE fluidodinámica computacional (CFD) para verificar su eficacia. Aunque los resultados teóricos del ciclón diseñado no resultan alentadores, el análisis inicial resalta que la desviación del modelo es especialmente significativa en el caso de las fibras debido a su longitud y su elasticidad. En conclusión, se subraya la necesidad de llevar a cabo un estudio de Elementos Discretos (DEM) o construir un modelo alternativo para comprender de manera más precisa el comportamiento real de las fibras en el ciclón diseñado, lo que resulta esencial para avanzar en la gestión eficaz de residuos textiles en la economía circular., This work focuses on the need to address the increasing volume of solid textile waste and improve the management of these materials, given the current technological limitation in obtaining quality products from them. Faced with the challenge of the circular economy in the context of textile waste, the incorporation of a cyclone separator into the mechanical crushing process is proposed, aiming to eliminate shorter fibres or separate different materials to improve the uniformity of the shredding. The equipment design aims for the complete separation of particulate elements; the project's objective is to modify this design with the goal of separating only a specific group of them and creating a "cyclonic classifier." The methodology employed involves experimentation with a standard cyclone to understand the behaviour of the fibres, as well as the creation of an analytical replica to assess the deviation of the numerical model in a complex substrate. Subsequently, an optimal design of the specific cyclone is developed, and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations are conducted to verify its effectiveness. Although the theoretical results of the designed cyclone are not encouraging, the initial analysis highlights that the model deviation is particularly significant in the case of fibres due to their length and elasticity. In conclusion, it emphasizes the need to carry out a Discrete Element Method (DEM) study or construct an alternative model to understand the real behaviour of fibres more accurately in the designed cyclone, which is essential for advancing in the effective management of textile waste in the circular economy.

La actividad de investigación en biomedicina se desarrolla con el apoyo de equipamiento científico muy específico y sofisticado, sistemas informáticos para el desarrollo de modelos teóricos de evolución de las células y almacenamiento digital de los estudios y resultados, los cuales dependen del suministro eléctrico ininterrumpido y además, modelos animales SPF para diferentes líneas de investigación (ratones, peces, ranas y conejos) los cuales se encuentran estabulados en la Unidad Científico Técnica ubicada en el propio edificio cuyas características de funcionamiento son muy específicas con total dependencia de los suministros básicos de los que trata este documento, como se describe más adelante.

Intensive Short-Term Psychodynamic Therapy (ISTDP) has demonstrated promising evidence for the treatment of Functional Neurological Disorders (FND) including functional seizures. This paper aimed to further examine the therapeutic effects of a 3-session course of this treatment focusing on its potential to maintain reduced healthcare utility within a group of patients with complex difficulties, across an extended time period, post-therapy. The original study followed a mixed methods case series design and recruited 18 patients from secondary adult mental health care and specialist neurology services. Seventeen participants completed the intervention and attendance rates were very high (95%). In this follow-up study, which was solely focused on the utilization of healthcare resources, results showed decreases when comparing 12 months prior and 12 months post three sessions of ISTDP. The results provide further support for the use of ISTDP in this group of participants with complex clinical presentations, specifically, its capacity to reduce healthcare usage over 12 months post-therapy. Further evidence from controlled and randomized studies with larger sample sizes is warranted.

The present manuscript aims to identify the advantages and consequences of hydropower development, showing a view of trends finding the status and situation in Brazil, Colombia, and Ecuador. This study uses a non-experimental methodology based on a comprehensive literature review of relevant papers retrieved from 41 selected papers that are summarized covering different application areas in these selected countries. In addition, the non-experimental methodology is guided by a perspective design sequential with a qualitative phase defining two indicators that do a relation between the people and the installed capacity in megawatts (MW) and energy production in gigawatts hour (GWh). The results show Colombia has the main installed capacity and energy generation per capita, followed by Ecuador, and finally, Brazil. According to the models and studies, the general hydropower potential of Brazil, Colombia, and Ecuador decreases as time goes on because this renewable energy affects the water quality, interacting deeply with the surrounding environment. However, in South American countries only 34% of hydropower potential has developed., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (published version)

Background. The tongue is made up of multiple muscles both extrinsic and intrinsic. The hyoid, jaw and maxillary complex contain the tongue, which hangs between these structures forming an important biomechanical system. This organ has to work in coordination with craniofacial structures to ensure normal orofacial functioning. There are different devices on the market for tongue force measurement. However, they are not accessible for patients due to their size and very high prices. Likewise, other devices have not yet carried out validity and reliability studies. The purpose of this study was to validate a new device proving that it is accurate compared to the algometer. Moreover, the study wanted to determine the intra-rater reliability of a protocol to assess the maximum tongue force in asymptomatic subjects. Material and methods. This is an observational-longitudinal study with repeated measurements. A prototype device was developed specifically for this study to measure tongue force through force-sensitive resistor sensors. The prototype system was equipped with a device to perform and transmit the measurement and a C++ programming software in the computer to take data from the session. Different formulas were made to calibrate the system. For validity, the force measured by the prototype and the algometer was compared. For intra-rater reliability, 29 asymptomatic Spanish subjects were recruited, and a standardized protocol was carried out for the tests. Results. Experiments to assess validity showed a strong correlation (r>0.97) and an excellent reliability (ICC>0.90) between devices.On the other hand, the intra-rater reliability analysis showed an excellent ICC (0.93) with a 95% CI of 0.86 to 0.97 and a MDC90 of 6.26N. Conclusion. We demonstrated good validity values and high intra-rater reliability for the prototype device for the maximum tongue force.

In the Amazonian forests of Perú a large variety of native wood species can be found, of which only a few are commercially exploited. Exploitation is focused on high density durable hardwoods for flooring appli-cations. After selective logging of a few valuable trees the forests often are considered being “unproductive” because there is no market for most of the remaining trees. Having a long-term sustainable forest management and utilization plan in mind, a continuous extraction of more tree species is desirable. For opening out new markets for lesser-used species a concise knowledge of their physical and mechanical properties is essential. Fifteen lesser-used Peruvian wood species were investigated to characterize their wood/water relations. Den-sity, shrinkage behavior, and sorption characteristics were determined. In addition, the functional relation between electrical resistance and moisture content was determined to provide a sound basis for non-destructive moisture content measurements, En los bosques amazónicos del Perú se puede encontrar una gran variedad de especies maderables nativas, de las cuales solo unas pocas son explotadas comercialmente. La explotación se centra en maderas duras duraderas de alta densidad para aplicaciones de pisos. Después de la tala selectiva de unos pocos árboles valiosos, a menudo se considera que los bosques son “improductivos” porque no hay mercado para la mayoría de los árboles restantes. Teniendo en mente un plan de uso y manejo forestal sostenible a largo plazo, es deseable una extracción continua de más especies de árboles. Para abrir nuevos mercados para las especies menos utilizadas es esencial un conocimiento conciso de sus propiedades físicas y mecánicas. Quince especies de maderas peruanas menos utilizadas fueron investigadas para caracterizar sus relaciones madera/agua. Se determinaron la densidad, el comportamiento de contracción y las características de sorción.