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3,087 results on '"Carr, Andrew"'

111. Tryptophan-like and humic-like fluorophores are extracellular in groundwater: implications as real-time faecal indicators

Author

Sorensen, James P. R., Carr, Andrew F., Nayebare, Jacintha, Diongue, Djim M. L., Pouye, Abdoulaye, Roffo, Raphaëlle, Gwengweya, Gloria, Ward, Jade S. T., Kanoti, Japhet, Okotto-Okotto, Joseph, van der Marel, Laura, Ciric, Lena, Faye, Seynabou C., Gaye, Cheikh B., Goodall, Timothy, Kulabako, Robinah, Lapworth, Daniel J., MacDonald, Alan M., Monjerezi, Maurice, Olago, Daniel, Owor, Michael, Read, Daniel S., and Taylor, Richard G.

Published
2020
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112. Comparison of the clinical and cost effectiveness of two management strategies (rehabilitation versus surgical reconstruction) for non-acute anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury: study protocol for the ACL SNNAP randomised controlled trial

Author

Davies, Loretta, Cook, Jonathan, Leal, Jose, Areia, Carlos Morgado, Shirkey, Beverly, Jackson, William, Campbell, Helen, Fletcher, Heidi, Carr, Andrew, Barker, Karen, Lamb, Sarah E., Monk, Paul, O’Leary, Sean, Haddad, Fares, Wilson, Chris, Price, Andrew, and Beard, David

Published
2020
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116. Predictors of severe and recurrent adult anaphylaxis, and gaps in the cascade of care: a retrospective, single‐centre study 2009–2018.

Author

Loprete, Jacqueline, Montemayor, Jonathan, Bramah, Valerie, McEwan, Callum, Richardson, Robyn, Green, Jessica, Carr, Andrew, and Tong, Winnie

Subjects
ASTHMA risk factors, ANAPHYLAXIS, AUDITING, CONFIDENCE intervals, RETROSPECTIVE studies, SEVERITY of illness index, DISEASE relapse, RISK assessment, CONTINUUM of care, T-test (Statistics), DATA analysis software, ODDS ratio, DISEASE risk factors, ADULTS
Abstract

Background: Anaphylaxis is a severe, potentially fatal, systemic allergic reaction. Understanding predictors of recurrent and severe anaphylaxis in adults, and identifying gaps in ongoing anaphylaxis care, is needed to minimise its impact. Aims: To evaluate the risk factors in adults with severe and recurrent anaphylaxis presentations and to evaluate the management of patients in regard to the recommended cascade of care. Methods: We completed a retrospective audit of adults with confirmed anaphylaxis who presented to an inner‐city emergency department from 1 January 2009 through 31 December 2018. Data recorded included demographics, background history, medication use, severity, co‐factors, triggers, management, discharge disposition and referral for follow‐up. Data were managed in REDCap and analysed using Stata. Associations were assessed through odds ratios (ORs) and t tests. Results: Six hundred sixteen individuals had 689 episodes of anaphylaxis over the audit period. Age over 65 (OR: 5.4 (95% confidence interval, CI: 2.3–13.2), P < 0.0001) and history of asthma (OR: 1.6 (95% CI: 1.03–2.5), P = 0.03) were independent risk factors for severe anaphylaxis. History of food allergy (P < 0.001) and food as the trigger were associated with recurrent presentations (OR: 2.1, 95% CI: 1.1–3.9, P = 0.01). Only 19% of patients met the recommended cascade of care, with post‐adrenaline monitoring and recommending follow‐up with an allergy specialist demonstrating the largest gaps. There were increased presentations with time but no difference in triggers or severity. Conclusions: Increased age and asthma were identified as risk factors for severe presentations. History of food allergy was a risk factor for recurrent presentations. Further research is needed on the gaps in care for adults with anaphylaxis to identify the reasons why, so we can better care for these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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118. Tackling the COVID elective surgical backlog: Prioritising need, benefit or equality?

Author

Pugh, Jonathan, Seah, Matthew, Carr, Andrew, and Savulescu, Julian

Subjects
ARACHNOID cysts, COVID-19, VALUES (Ethics), JUDGMENT (Psychology), ELECTIVE surgery, MEDICAL ethics
Abstract

The National Health Service (NHS) in the UK is currently facing a significant waiting list backlog following the disruption of the COVID-19 pandemic, with millions of patients waiting for elective surgical procedures. Effective treatment prioritisation has been identified as a key element of addressing this backlog, with NHS England's delivery plan highlighting the importance of ensuring that those with 'the clinically most urgent conditions are diagnosed and treated most rapidly'. Indeed, we describe how the current clinical guidance on prioritisation issued by The Federation of Surgical Specialty Associations serves this aim. However, whilst there are strong reasons to prioritise elective surgery in accordance with clinical need, we argue that it would be a mistake to assume that prioritisation in accordance with clinical need requires only a clinical or scientific judgement. The understanding of clinical need that we choose to employ in a prioritisation system will be grounded by some key ethical judgements. Moreover, we may also have to make trade-offs between addressing clinical need, safeguarding equality, and achieving other benefits. As the UK faces up to the backlog, it is important that surgical prioritisation guidelines enshrine a broad range of values that we believe ought to determine access to care in non-emergency circumstances. Our analysis suggests that the current approach to prioritisation is not a sufficiently nuanced way of balancing the different moral values that are operative in this context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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133. Recent abacavir use and incident cardiovascular disease in contemporary-treated people with HIV

Author

Jaschinski, Nadine, Greenberg, Lauren, Neesgaard, Bastian, Miró, Jose M., Grabmeier-Pfistershammer, Katharina, Wandeler, Gilles, Smith, Colette, De Wit, Stéphane, Wit, Ferdinand, Pelchen-Matthews, Annegret, Mussini, Cristina, Castagna, Antonella, Pradier, Christian, D'Arminio Monforte, Antonella, Vehreschild, Jörg, Sönnerborg, Anders, Anne, Alain V., Carr, Andrew, Bansi-Matharu, Loveleen, Lundgren, Jens, Garges, Harmony, Rogatto, Felipe, Zangerle, Robert, Günthard, Huldrych F., Rasmussen, Line D., Nescoi, Coca, Van Der Valk, Marc, Menozzi, Marianna, Muccini, Camilla, Mocroft, Amanda, Peters, Lars, Ryom, Lene, Jaschinski, Nadine, Greenberg, Lauren, Neesgaard, Bastian, Miró, Jose M., Grabmeier-Pfistershammer, Katharina, Wandeler, Gilles, Smith, Colette, De Wit, Stéphane, Wit, Ferdinand, Pelchen-Matthews, Annegret, Mussini, Cristina, Castagna, Antonella, Pradier, Christian, D'Arminio Monforte, Antonella, Vehreschild, Jörg, Sönnerborg, Anders, Anne, Alain V., Carr, Andrew, Bansi-Matharu, Loveleen, Lundgren, Jens, Garges, Harmony, Rogatto, Felipe, Zangerle, Robert, Günthard, Huldrych F., Rasmussen, Line D., Nescoi, Coca, Van Der Valk, Marc, Menozzi, Marianna, Muccini, Camilla, Mocroft, Amanda, Peters, Lars, and Ryom, Lene

Abstract

Objective:Assessing whether the previously reported association between abacavir (ABC) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) remained amongst contemporarily treated people with HIV.Design:Multinational cohort collaboration.Methods:RESPOND participants were followed from the latest of 1 January 2012 or cohort enrolment until the first of a CVD event (myocardial infarction, stroke, invasive cardiovascular procedure), last follow-up or 31 December 2019. Logistic regression examined the odds of starting ABC by 5-year CVD or chronic kidney disease (CKD) D:A:D risk score. We assessed associations between recent ABC use (use within the past 6 months) and risk of CVD with negative binomial regression models, adjusted for potential confounders.Results:Of 29 340 individuals, 34% recently used ABC. Compared with those at low estimated CVD and CKD risks, the odds of starting ABC were significantly higher among individuals at high CKD risk [odds ratio 1.12 (95% confidence interval = 1.04-1.21)] and significantly lower for individuals at moderate, high or very high CVD risk [0.80 (0.72-0.88), 0.75 (0.64-0.87), 0.71 (0.56-0.90), respectively]. During 6.2 years of median follow-up (interquartile range; 3.87-7.52), there were 748 CVD events (incidence rate 4.7 of 1000 persons-years of follow up (4.3-5.0)]. The adjusted CVD incidence rate ratio was higher for individuals with recent ABC use [1.40 (1.20-1.64)] compared with individuals without, consistent across sensitivity analyses. The association did not differ according to estimated CVD (interaction P = 0.56) or CKD (P = 0.98) risk strata.Conclusion:Within RESPOND's contemporarily treated population, a significant association between CVD incidence and recent ABC use was confirmed and not explained by preferential ABC use in individuals at increased CVD or CKD risk.

Published
2023

134. The DESI survey validation: Results from visual inspection of the quasar survey spectra

Author

Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Física, BAILEY, S., Carr, Andrew J., Farr, James P., Levi, Martín Iván, Pérez Ràfols, Ignasi, Aazou, Safae, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Física, BAILEY, S., Carr, Andrew J., Farr, James P., Levi, Martín Iván, Pérez Ràfols, Ignasi, and Aazou, Safae

Abstract

A key component of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) survey validation (SV) is a detailed visual inspection (VI) of the optical spectroscopic data to quantify key survey metrics. In this paper we present results from VI of the quasar survey using deep coadded SV spectra. We show that the majority (˜70%) of the main-survey targets are spectroscopically confirmed as quasars, with ˜16% galaxies, ˜6% stars, and ˜8% low-quality spectra lacking reliable features. A nonnegligible fraction of the quasars are misidentified by the standard spectroscopic pipeline, but we show that the majority can be recovered using post-pipeline "afterburner" quasar-identification approaches. We combine these "afterburners" with our standard pipeline to create a modified pipeline to increase the overall quasar yield. At the depth of the main DESI survey, both pipelines achieve a good-redshift purity (reliable redshifts measured within 3000 km s-1) of ˜99%; however, the modified pipeline recovers ˜94% of the visually inspected quasars, as compared to ˜86% from the standard pipeline. We demonstrate that both pipelines achieve a median redshift precision and accuracy of ˜100 km s-1 and ˜70 km s-1, respectively. We constructed composite spectra to investigate why some quasars are missed by the standard pipeline and find that they are more host-galaxy dominated (i.e., distant analogs of "Seyfert galaxies") and/or more dust reddened than the standard-pipeline quasars. We also show example spectra to demonstrate the overall diversity of the DESI quasar sample and provide strong-lensing candidates where two targets contribute to a single spectrum., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (published version)

Published
2023

138. Maternal gestational vitamin D supplementation and offspring bone health (MAVIDOS): a multicentre, double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled trial

Author

Cooper, Cyrus, Harvey, Nicholas C, Bishop, Nicholas J, Kennedy, Stephen, Papageorghiou, Aris T, Schoenmakers, Inez, Fraser, Robert, Gandhi, Saurabh V, Carr, Andrew, D'Angelo, Stefania, Crozier, Sarah R, Moon, Rebecca J, Arden, Nigel K, Dennison, Elaine M, Godfrey, Keith M, Inskip, Hazel M, Prentice, Ann, Mughal, M Zulf, Eastell, Richard, Reid, David M, and Javaid, M Kassim

Published
2016
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140. Source data for 'Constraining the contribution of the Antarctic Ice Sheet to Last Interglacial sea-level '

Author

Barnett, Robert, Austermann, Jacqueline, Dyer, Blake, Telfer, Matt, Barlow, Natasha, Boulton, Sarah, Carr, Andrew, and Creel, Roger

Abstract

This repository includes code, input, and output related to the manuscript “Constraining the contribution of the Antarctic Ice Sheet to Last Interglacial sea-level” by Barnett, Austermann, Dyer, Telfer, Barlow, Boulton, Carr, and Creel.&nbsp

Published
2023
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148. List of contributors

Author

Abhari, Roxanna Elizabeth, primary, Altobelli, Rosaria, additional, Álvarez-Pérez, Marco A., additional, Ambrosio, Luigi, additional, Basoli, Francesco, additional, Boccaccini, Aldo R., additional, Boffito, Monica, additional, Booth, Larnii, additional, Bushman, Jared, additional, Carella, Francesca, additional, Carr, Andrew Jonathan, additional, Castaño, Oscar, additional, Chanes-Cuevas, Osmar A., additional, Chavarría-Bolaños, Daniel, additional, Cheng, Liying, additional, Cheng, Ruoyu, additional, Chiellini, Federica, additional, Ciardelli, Gianluca, additional, Cirillo, Valentina, additional, Coppola, Sara, additional, Costantini, Marco, additional, Cruz Maya, Iriczalli, additional, Cui, Wenguo, additional, D’Amato, Anthony R., additional, Degli Esposti, Lorenzo, additional, Ferraro, Pietro, additional, Giannitelli, Sara M., additional, Gilbert, Ryan J., additional, Granados-Hernández, Marco V., additional, Grilli, Simonetta, additional, Guarino, Vincenzo, additional, Hernández-Tapia, Laura G., additional, Iafisco, Michele, additional, Johnson, Christopher D.L., additional, Kohn, Joachim, additional, Lanaro, Matthew, additional, Liverani, Liliana, additional, Mao, Xiyuan, additional, Martí-Muñoz, Joan, additional, Mouthuy, Pierre-Alexis, additional, Pires, Liliana R., additional, Powell, Sean K., additional, Pozos-Guillén, Amaury J., additional, Puppi, Dario, additional, Rainer, Alberto, additional, Serrano-Bello, Janeth, additional, Suarez-Franco, José L., additional, Sun, Xiaoming, additional, Tonda-Turo, Chiara, additional, Trombetta, Marcella, additional, Varesano, Alessio, additional, Vázquez-Vázquez, Febe C., additional, Vineis, Claudia, additional, Wan Abdul Khodir, W.K., additional, Woodruff, Maria A., additional, Zhang, Yuguang, additional, and Ziemba, Alexis M., additional

Published
2018
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