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Este cunoscut faptul, că la energii a fotonilor ℏ

ZnSe-GaSe nanocomposite plates photoluminescent in a photon energy range of 1.80−2.64 eV were obtained via exposing GaSe single-crystal plates to a Zn-vapor heat treatment at temperatures of 673−873 K. The photoluminescence spectrum is dominated by the self-activated emission band of ZnSe with a maximum at 2.04 eV. The average size of the ZnSe crystallites is ~45 nm. The absorption spectrum of the composite consists of two regions characteristic of direct optical transitions in GaSe crystals with a band gap of 1.99 eV and ZnSe crystallites with a band gap of 2.56 eV at room temperature.

GaSxSe1−x solid solutions are layered semiconductors with a band gap between 2.0 and 2.6 eV. Their single crystals are formed by planar packings of S/Se-Ga-Ga-S/Se type, with weak polarization bonds between them, which allows obtaining, by splitting, plan-parallel lamellae with atomically smooth surfaces. By heat treatment in a normal or water vapor-enriched atmosphere, their plates are covered with a layer consisting of β–Ga2O3 nanowires/nanoribbons. In this work, the elemental and chemical composition, surface morphology, as well as optical, photoluminescent, and photoelectric properties of β–Ga2O3 layer formed on GaSxSe1−x (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) solid solutions (as substrate) are studied. The correlation is made between the composition (x) of the primary material, technological preparation conditions of the oxide-semiconducting layer, and the optical, photoelectric, and photoluminescent properties of β–Ga2O3 (nanosized layers)/GaSxSe1−x structures. From the analysis of the fundamental absorption edge, photoluminescence, and photoconductivity, the character of the optical transitions and the optical band gap in the range of 4.5–4.8 eV were determined, as well as the mechanisms behind blue-green photoluminescence and photoconductivity in the fundamental absorption band region. The photoluminescence bands in the blue-green region are characteristic of β–Ga2O3 nanowires/nanolamellae structures. The photoconductivity of β–Ga2O3 structures on GaSxSe1−x solid solution substrate is determined by their strong fundamental absorption. As synthesized structures hold promise for potential applications in UV receivers, UV-C sources, gas sensors, as well as photocatalytic decomposition of water and organic pollutants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the work was to study the curative-prophylactic efficiency of the complex biologically active microbial preparation and its effect on some growth and development indicators of chickens. The preparation was included in a proportion of 40 g/kg feed, in the composition of the daily ration of the chickens in the experimental group, starting from the first day of life. At the age of 17 days, an infection with Clostridium perfringens was registered in the chickens from both groups, which was treated with the Bromex preparation. As a result of the daily administration in the ration of the complex biologically active microbial preparation, the viability of 100% of the chickens in the experimental group was ensured compared to 72% in the control group; decreasing the titer of pathogenic bacteria E. coli, Enterococcus spp., Clostridium spp. by 6.5-10.6%, in the gastrointestinal tract; increasing the titer of beneficial microorganisms Bifidobacterium spp., Bacillus spp. and yeast fungi by 3.6-15.4%; the increase in the body weight of the chickens at the end of the experiment by 25.5% compared to the control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a method for reducing the environmental impact of sewer network (SN) overflows. The main objective of the paper is to minimize the wastewater quantity and the pollutant loads that overflow from the SN. The proposed algorithm to achieve this goal is Model Predictive Control using Particle Swarm Optimization as optimization method. It was tested in simulation using a simplified model of the network based on Benchmark Simulation Modelsewer as prediction model, and a forecasted influent. Three cases have been considered: (a) the fitness function is defined as the global yearly overflow volume calculated using equal weights for each tank; (b) the fitness function uses different weights for each tank depending on the medium loads and (c) integrating a penalty term related to the system state at the end of the prediction horizon in the previous fitness function. The simplified model determined a significant reduction of the integration time minimizing the optimization time. Key Points: Model Predictive Control is used to reduce pollution caused by sewer network (SN) overflowsSimplified SN flow model decreases the optimization time of the control algorithmPollutant loads are assessed by the control algorithm by weighting overflow volumes with values calculated based on offline measurements [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyzed the evolution of the political system in Moldova. The authors note three stages of the formation and consolidation of the political system in the country which have directly infl uenced the political domain and democratization of the society. The analysis is based on the legislative experience of other countries and the opinions of experts.

The phrase ‘cultural policy’ comprises all the mechanisms and driving directions-rules, measures and means – designed and used for the purposes of cultural development. Th e transition period through which the Republic of Moldova was passing at the end of the 90s of the 20th century has brought essential changes in the cultural domain. The Republic of Moldova lacks a unique model of cultural policies which are characteristic only of this country. According to a sociological study, carried out in 2009, only 7,3% of the respondents had appreciated positively Moldava`s cultural policies. Nowadays only 476 (37%) out of the 1223 Houses of Culture from the Republic of Moldova are in a satisfying technical state, and 108 buildings require capital repair works.

Acest articol vine să clarifice efectul puterii lucrului judecat, să scoată în evidență punctele slabe ale legislației mate­riale și procesuale în ceea ce privește valorificarea efectului puterii lucrului judecat. Printre acestea, s-au evidențiat neajunsurile legislației materiale care condiționează dobândirea drepturilor subiective civile de existența unei hotărâri judecătorești irevocabile, lacunele legislației procesuale și omisiunile în activitatea instanțelor de apel.LEGAL CONSOLIDATION AND PRACTICABILITY OF THE PRINCIPLE OF RES JUDICATAThis article comes to clarify the effect of the principle of res judicata, to highlight the weaknesses of the material and procedural law in capitalizing the principle of res judicata. Among these, were highlighted the deficiencies of the material legislation, that condition the acquisition of civil subjective rights by to the existence of an irrevocable court order, those caused by procedural legislation gaps and omissions in the activity of the appeal courts.

A material consisting of CdSe and GaSe crystallites with average dimensions of 34 nm and 30 nm respectively was obtained by heat treatment at 753K and 853K of GaSe single crystal plates in Cd vapors during 24 hours. As a result of Cd atoms interaction with Se atoms CdSe layers are formed both onto outer surface and at interface of layered Se-Ga-Ga-Se packages. CdSe crystallites on the surface grow in the form of plates along C6 crystallographic axis. Photoluminescence spectra of the composite, at 78K and 300K, contain predominant bands from the luminescent emission of GaSe and CdSe components.

A new composite material composed of GaSe and CdSe has been obtained by treatment of GaSe single-crystal lamellas in Cd vapors at temperatures of 773853 K and intercalation of Cd interlayers. The structure and optical properties of the GaSe-CdSe composite material have been studied. The content of CdSe crystallites was found to grow with increasing treatment temperature or with increasing duration of treatment at a constant temperature. Analysis of XRD, PL, XPS, AFM, and Raman patterns has shown that the heterogeneous composite composed of micro and nanocrystallites of CdSe in GaSe can be obtained by Cd intercalation in a temperature range of 753853 K. On the basis of Raman spectrum, the vibrational modes of the composite have been identified. The PL of these materials contains emission bands of free and bound excitons, donor-acceptor bands, and bands of recombination via impurity levels. The PL emission spectra measured at a temperature of 78 and 300 K for the composites result from the overlapping of the emission bands of the components of GaSe doped with Cd and the CdSe crystallites.

The present article represents the result of a national sociological research conducted in the rural communities of the Republic of Moldova and it is based on the analysis of the statistical yearbooks data, which describe the situation of cultural consumption by the inhabitants of the local rural communities. The results obtained within the sociological research and the confrontation of the statistical data indicate that the changes that took place during the transition period have radically mo-diied the cultural palette in the Republic of Moldova, free time spending becoming much more individualized compared with the collectivist style offered by the Soviet empire. Cultural consumption is also influenced by the individual person and by the attention/care offered to culture both by the family and by the local public administration.

This paper aims to analyze the accessing degree of the European funds allocated to Romania for the period 2007 - 2013, in order to achive an efficent use of funds for future programming phase. From the analysis it is found that the National Rural Development Programme has a good degree of access compared to other operational programs implemented in Romania. To enhance the competitiveness of the agricultural sector and the quality of life in rural Romania, it is important to allocate funds for the next programming period that contributes to equitable and sustainable development of rural areas.

The main objective of this paper is the examination of the concept of Balance Scorecard method and its possibilities in achieving process of the strategic objectives of the entity. The author has developed a Strategy map for an entity that transports goods by lorry. The Strategy map it is an important device used to communicate the strategy, focus organization efforts and implement the strategy developed by the management of the entity. The authors recommended, as well, the form of an internal report „Indicator’s sheet”, used for reporting the mode of achievement of each measure set out in the Strategy map.

The present paper is structured as a brief guide focused on the rendering of the output generated by Dynare, a specific tool of Matlab, when implementing a Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium model for impulse-response function analysis purpose. After a concise description of a standard Real Business Cycle model, the steady state of variables, the eigenvalues, the matrix of covariance of exogenous shocks, the policy and transition functions, the theoretical moments, the variance decomposition, the matrix of correlations and the coefficient of autocorrelation of simulated variables, as well as the graphical representation of the impulse-response functions are displayed and construed accordingly.

The present paper aims at describing some key elements of the new classical theory-related model, namely the Real Business Cycle, mainly describing the economy from the perspective of a perfectly competitive market, characterised by price, wage and interest rate flexibility. The rendered impulse-response functions, that help us in revealing the capacity of the model variables to return to their steady state under the impact of a structural shock, be it technology or monetary policy oriented, give points to the neutrality of the monetary entity decisions, therefore confirming the well-known classical dichotomy existing between the nominal and the real factors of the economy.

The largest multinational and transnational corporations are key actors in the world economy. Their number has significantly increased in the last decades both in the developed and the developing countries. Consequently, they are more dispersed globally than in the past. As the world’s largest corporations have become more powerful over time, they represent not only an economic force, but also a political and cultural force in today’s highly globalized world. They have a huge impact on the lives of billions of people every day. The aim of our paper is to analyse the evolution of the first ten world’s largest corporations by their revenues and profits in the period 2012-2013. The research type is literature review.