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Specialized psychological interventions have been developed to reduce the negative impact on body image in patients with breast cancer; however, there are no systematic reviews to assess their efficacy. Objective. To evaluate the evidence and feasibility of psychological interventions available for body image problems in patients with breast cancer. Method. Fifteen articles emerged in four essential databases following the PIO system. Articles appeared between 2011 and 2020. There Seven interventions were analyzed using the PICO system. Additionally, the Shekelle criteria identified each intervention's level of evidence and recommendation. Results. 85% of the studies were conducted in high-income countries; 71% of interventions used individual modality; 71.42% used a face-to-face model, and 28.57% a digital version. The interventions implemented different approaches and strategies, such as cognitive behavioral components, hypnosis, and reflective writing, but all were brief, with an average of six sessions. Interventions with cognitive-behavioral components showed greater efficacy consistency, evidence level, and recommendations than the other studies. Discussion and conclusion. There are different alternatives for psychological intervention to attend body-image problems in patients with breast cancer. Interventions could have an impact even on distal variables, such as depression and quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Since body image constitutes a cross-sectional axis in the quality of life of oncology patients, it is of great relevance to identify its impact on it, recognize its importance within the health-disease process, and include it in the approach and follow-up, to improve their quality of life. Methodology: An extensive literature review was carried out in freely accessible databases such as PubMed, BVS, Dialnet, and ClinicalKey, between August and September 2022; for this, MeSH terms such as "breast cancer", "body image", and "quality of life", in both English and Spanish, were used and related to the Boolean operator "and", in English, and "y", in Spanish. Results: 35 articles were selected, of which 2 used the EORTC QLQ C30, 7 used the EORTC QLQ-BR23 survey, 4 used BIS as the sole scale. On the other hand, 17 used the QLQ-BR23 and QLQ C30, one article used QLQ-BR23 and BIS, and only 4 used all three scales. Conclusions: It is important to carry out individualized management in patients with breast cancer, considering that their body image is negatively affected, which influences their quality of life. Regarding surgical management, it was determined that patients undergoing mastectomy have a greater impact on the perception of their body image. Finally, in patients managed with chemotherapy, deterioration of body image is evident as the treatment progresses, and hair loss represents a major concern for them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mammography is an important practice for the early detection of breast cancer, the access of which needs to be ensured by health services, as they contribute to the reduction of mortality from this neoplasm. The objective of this study was to evaluate access to the mammography exam by women seen at a health unit. This is a cross-sectional study, using primary data and a quantitative approach, carried out with women registered in the health unit and who were within the age range recommended for the exam. Forty women participated in the study, most of whom were married (40%), with incomplete primary education (42.5%), received from 1 to 2 minimum wages (60%), were aged between 50 and 59 years (67%) and were of brown race / color (65%). Most (87.0%) had undergone a mammography exam in the last year (34.29%). The place of performance was the public health units (86.0%), and most of them (74.0%) stated that they did not find it difficult to perform it. In front of those who encountered difficulties (67.0%) claimed to be difficult to schedule the exam, (22.0%) said they felt a lot of pain during the procedure and (11%) evidenced having been attended by an unprepared professional. Based on the results, it was possible to identify as satisfactory access to the mammography exam, however, health professionals should still daily consider education for autonomy of the frequent search for the same, in order to guarantee the continuity of preventive actions and adherence of asymptomatic women to prevention programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Breast cancer is a predominant disease with significant mortality rates. Pain and stress are prevalent consequences that cause large damage to the quality of life of surviving women. This article aimed to study cancer pain and stress in women who survived breast cancer and with different physical activity levels. Correlational and comparative descriptive research was performed with patients who were submitted to the Baecke questionnaire to measure the level of physical activity and, subsequently, segmented into two groups: one active and the other sedentary. Next, they were submitted to the McGill and Stress Perception Scale questionnaires to measure pain and stress, respectively. According to the tests performed, the sedentary group had a greater correlation with pain and stress (r=- 0.519; p=0.047), also showing a higher score on the stress scale with an average of 18.33 points and a deviation error of 3.976. In addition, the active group had a lower stress scale score, with a mean score of 16.67 and a deviation error of 5.122. According to data analysis, it was observed that sports practice provided a lower score on the stress scale in the active group. Physical activity should be encouraged in patients facing breast cancer and those who meet the risk criteria for developing the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common malignant neoplasm in women; the most frequent sites of metastasis are to the bone, lung and liver and less common to the skin. The purpose of this case series is to review the clinical and imaging presentation of patients with skin metastases secondary to breast cancer. Method: Retrospective, crosssectional study. A review of the results of cutaneous metastases due to breast cancer was carried out in our institution over a period of 5 years; its clinical and imaging findings were analyzed. Our results are compared with that reported in the literature. Results: The prevalence of skin metastases was 0.6%, the age range was from 36 to 68 years. Most of our patients presented palpable nodularity. The most common ultrasound finding was multiple nodules with indistinct and avascular margins on color Doppler. The diagnosis was by ultrasound and biopsy. Conclusion: Cutaneous metastases due to breast cancer are rare, however it is extremely important for the radiologist to know this pathology for its diagnosis, in order to provide adequate treatment and reduce the mortality of the patient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Psicooncologia is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Psicooncologia is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cirugía y Cirujanos is the property of Publicidad Permanyer SLU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Deaths in patients with breast cancer occur mainly due to recurrence and metastasis and not by the primary tumor, the aggressiveness of the tumor is associated with hormonal status, and estrogen receptor negative or triple negative tumors are neoplasms of poor prognosis that can induce metastasis or recurrence the low expression of Par-4 is associated with a poor prognosis, for this reason, we analyzed the involvement of Par-4 in tumor recurrence. A search was carried out for articles related to breast cancer, recurrence, and Par-4 in PubMed and other databases, to understand the relationship of Par-4 as a tumor suppressor gene with the carcinogenic process and recurrence of breast cancer. Low Par-4 expression is associated with estrogen receptor negative tumors or with a high degree of transformation, the expression of Par-4 decreases or is blocked in the remaining cells after chemotherapy and during the process of epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) in tumor recurrence, noting that Par-4 is necessary and essential for the recurrence of breast cancer. The understanding of the biology of Par-4 in breast cancer opens the possibility of being used as a therapeutic strategy to contribute to the elimination of resistant or recurrent breast cancer tumors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The present review study aimed to assess the lifestyle of women with breast cancer. Methods: In this study, information on Life style in women with breast cancer was obtained from Persian and English databases using Persian keywords and their English equivalent for "Life style, Breast Cancer" based on MeSH (medical subject headings) from 2000 to 2020. Among all the articles searched, 48 studies were included in the review research. To collect information from the studies, the articles were carefully reviewed and the results were extracted. Results: According to the available scientific evidence, lifestyle has an effect on health and some related factors such as inadequate physical activity, stress, eating patterns, bad behaviors such as smoking and drinking alcohol are associated with breast cancer. Conclusion: Therefore, interventions and trainings should be planned to provide a suitable and sufficient ground for guiding women towards healthy lifestyles and behavioral habits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Radiation-induced secondary tumors constitute a rare complication of radiation therapy and typically occur in or near the irradiated area. Women who undergo thoracic radiotherapy before 30 years of age have a significantly greater lifetime risk of developing breast cancer than do those in the general population. It is recommended that a patient who has previously received thoracic radiotherapy with a radiation dose = 10 Gy subsequently undergo annual screening with mammography and magnetic resonance imaging, beginning eight years after the initial treatment or when the patient has reached 25 years of age (whichever comes later). The treatment of secondary breast cancer in this population should be individualized and should be discussed with a multidisciplinary team to avoid toxicity related to the treatment of the primary cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la presencia del Virus Papiloma Humano (VPH) tipo 16 y 18 en biopsias de tejido mamario parafinado de pacientes con diagnóstico clínico de cáncer de mama. Se analizaron 32 biopsias de cáncer de mama embebidas en parafina para detectar el ADN de VPH mediante PCR en tiempo real, los iniciadores estuvieron dirigidos al gen E6. Se evaluaron el tipo histológico, grado histológico y la sobreexpresión de C-erB2 y Ki-67 mediante inmunohistoquímica. El 84,38% (27) fueron positivos para VPH, el 25% (8) fueron positivos para VPH-16 y el 59,38% (19) para VPH-18. El 15,63% (5) de las muestras presentaron infección mixta. Se evidenció la sobrexpresión de C-erbB2 y Ki-67 en 6,25% (2) de las muestras positivas para VPH-16 y 15,63% (5) de las muestras positivas para VPH-18. Se detectó ADN de VPH-16 y VPH-18 en las muestras de biopsias analizadas mediante PCR en tiempo real.

Objetivo: Revisar los aspectos clínicos necesarios a tomar en cuenta por el médico tratante al interpretar los reportes de los hallazgos radiológicos en la mamografía y de otras pruebas diagnósticas para un diagnóstico integral del cáncer de mama. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión sistemática de manuscritos publicados entre el 2010 y el 2020 sobre factores de riesgo y factores protectores que pueden verse involucrados en la incidencia del cáncer de mama. Se revisaron publicaciones de investigaciones realizadas en mujeres con diagnóstico de cáncer de mama de tipo ensayos clínicos aleatorizados, casos y controles, revisiones sistemáticas, metaanálisis y guías internacionales. Se buscó en las bases de datos bibliográficas PubMed, EBSCO y Scopus, publicaciones en inglés o español, utilizando términos provenientes de los Descriptores en Ciencias de la Salud (DeCS). Resultados: Se identificaron un total de 735 artículos en las búsquedas, de los cuáles se excluyeron 508 por su poca relevancia de acuerdo con el título. De los 227 restantes se excluyeron 22 por estar repetidos en las distintas bases, 12 porque no cumplían con los criterios de inclusión, 83 durante la revisión del resumen, y 28 al revisar el texto completo. En total se incluyeron 82 artículos para elaborar esta revisión. Los factores identificados en la revisión de la literatura se clasificaron en tres áreas: fisiopatológicos, gíneco-obstétricos y ambientales. Los factores de riesgo fisiopatológicos son la historia familiar, hiperplasia epitelial atípica, etnia, mayor edad, diabetes tipo II, síndrome metabólico, mayor peso y talla y mutaciones genéticas; los gíneco-obstétricos son la menarquía temprana, la menopausia tardía y la nuliparidad; y los ambientales incluyen fármacos, hábitos de vida, procedimientos médicos y alimentación. Mientras que, entre los factores protectores, los factores fisiopatológicos son el hipotiroidismo, el asma y la rinitis alérgica; los gínecoobstétricos son la multiparidad, el primer embarazo a una edad temprana y dar lactancia; y los ambientales incluyen fármacos, procedimientos médicos y alimentación. Conclusiones: El conocimiento de los factores protectores y los factores de riesgo permitiría hacer un abordaje más integral en el diagnóstico y tratamiento del cáncer de mama.

El cáncer de mama es una enfermedad que genera alerta en las mujeres y se prevé que su incidencia aumente aún más. El diagnóstico y los tratamientos se presentan como un fenómeno disruptivo. Ante tales situaciones se estima que las mujeres activan patrones de pensamiento, emociones y pautas relacionales (esquemas desadaptativos tempranos, EDT). En este estudio se evaluaron los EDT prevalentes durante los diferentes tratamientos onco específicos y su relación con la Calidad de Vida Relacionada con la Salud (CVRS). Se utilizó un diseño descriptivo y correlacional. Se seleccionó una muestra de 228 pacientes ambulatorias, usuarias del sistema de salud público del Uruguay. Se aplicó un formulario sociodemográfico y biomédico, el Test de EDT y el FACT-B para valorar CVRS. Los EDT más utilizados fueron el de Autosacrificio y Metas inalcanzables. Los EDT resultaron ser sensibles a los diferentes tratamientos, en especial a la cirugía sin reconstrucción mamaria donde predominó la Sobrevaloración. La CVRS se asoció de forma directa con los EDT de Deprivación Emocional, Abandono, Apego, Vulnerabilidad y Vergüenza. Se concluye que las mujeres con cáncer de mama utilizan diferentes EDT con los que reaccionan ante la enfermedad y los tratamientos. El uso de los EDT impacta en la percepción de bienestar.

Introdução: A sarcopenia é caracterizada pela diminuição de força e massa muscular e pode estar associada ao aumento da toxicidade durante o tratamento oncológico. Objetivo: Apresentar evidências da presença de sarcopenia, de alterações de composição e força muscular em pacientes com câncer de mama. Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa que incluiu pesquisas realizadas com seres humanos, indexadas nas bases de dados Pubmed, Google Acadêmico e Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO). Após aplicação de critérios de inclusão, e leitura de textos completos, foram selecionados dezesseis estudos nesta revisão. Resultados: Em treze estudos são relatadas alterações de composição corporal que consiste no aumento da massa gorda e/ou adiposidade (seis estudos), diminuição da massa magra e/ou massa livre de gordura (seis estudos) e aumento do peso corporal e/ou presença de sobrepeso e obesidade (oito estudos). Três estudos avaliaram a força muscular, registrando em todos a sua diminuição ao longo e depois do tratamento oncológico. Observou-se cinco estudos que analisaram a presença de sarcopenia em participantes com câncer de mama, quatro deles relataram a presença dessa condição na amostra, sendo associada a maior sobrevida livre de doença em um estudo. Conclusão: A análise dos estudos incluídos nesta revisão indica alterações desfavoráveis em relação a presença de sarcopenia, composição corporal e força muscular. O conhecimento dessas alterações pode fomentar ações de prevenção e promoção da saúde do paciente com câncer de mama.

Resumo Analisa as experiências de adoecimento por câncer de mama de mulheres em tratamento no Hospital do Câncer III do Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Rio de Janeiro. Argumenta que parte da experiência das mulheres entrevistadas foi construída pela interação entre a convivência familiar e a mobilização de diferentes significados culturais da doença e da feminilidade, negociando sentidos para entidades biomédicas. O estudo resulta de uma pesquisa qualitativa de inspiração etnográfica, que entrevistou mulheres em tratamento de câncer de mama ao longo de 2015. Parte dos depoimentos para discutir a interação da sociedade com as entidades biomédicas para a significação do câncer no Brasil entre as décadas de 1990 e 2010.

The incidence of cancer patients with cardiac diseases requiring surgery is rising as the population ages, and early detection of cancer and the use of new therapies are increasing survival rates. Cardiac tumors, despite their rarity, are an integral part of the cardio-oncology practice and require diagnosis and treatment. In recent years, the incidence of cardiac tumors has risen due to advancements in multimodality imaging, which have become more accessible and widespread. The association between treated breast cancer and myxoma could be considered a mere coincidence, but a few documented cases exist. We report the case of a patient with a history of breast cancer who presented, upon followup, a left atrial cardiac mass on cardiovascular imaging and underwent immediate surgery. This case illustrates the importance of Cardio-Oncology Clinics during the follow-up of breast cancer survivors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The complexity of treating gynecological and breast cancer causes unmet needs for survivors. This systematic review aimed to identify the most unmet needs of gynecological and breast cancer survivors from the available evidence. Method: Researchers searched the electronic databases PubMed, Cochrane, CINAHL, Ebsco Host, and Science Direct with predetermined criteria. The keywords used were combinations of "gynaecologic* cancer" OR "gynaecologic* cancer survivors" OR "breast cancer" OR "breast cancer survivors" AND "unmet needs." A systematic review was made using PRISMA, the critical appraisal was carried out with the JBI instrument, and bias analysis was carried out using the Robvis Tool. Results: There are 12 selected articles. The two highest unmet needs domains for gynecological and breast cancer survivors are the health system information and psychological domains. Conclusions: Nurses and other health workers must pay attention to implementing holistic care to meet the various needs of gynecological cancer survivors, including health system information and psychological domains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Mucinous carcinoma is a rare type of breast cancer, which represents less than 4% of all primary cancers. It usually occurs in postmenopausal patients, around the seventh decade of life. Clinically, it is characterized by the presence of a palpable nodule, rarely accompanied by other symptoms. Imaging tools, such as mammogram and ultrasound, are essential for its diagnosis, however, in some situations the diagnosis can be underestimated due to the similar characteristics that it shares with other benign lesions. Definitive diagnosis is made by histopathology. Regarding treatment, there is no consensus on the most appropriate, due to the low incidence of these tumors. Many authors agree that surgical intervention continues to be the best option, showing a positive impact on survival and low recurrences. This can be accompanied later by adjuvant endocrine therapies. Fortunately, the prognosis of this type of tumor is usually favorable, even survival exceeds 90% at 5 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate if there are differences on the diagnostic approach and breast cancer treatment based on women age. We analyze ethical aspects like justice, beneficence and autonomy in regards of decision making. Material and Method: Descriptive and quantitative study that correspond and analysis of the Data Base of the Breast Cancer Center in Clínica Alemana de Santiago, in which we gather the information of women 70 years or more in relation to consultation motive, illness stage and treatments received, compare with the obtain in the group of women under 70 years. Results: There are no differences in the opportunity to reach consultation, access to diagnosis neither the type of surgery. There are significant differences in considering adjuvant treatment like chemotherapy, radiotherapy and hormonal therapy. The group of women with 70 years or older, receive less treatments than the younger group. There is no information that explains this differences. Discussion: In current days, women of the third and fourth age are in good general conditions and their life expectancy is over 75 years old. It is important to treat their diseases without limiting access to them only because of their age, avoiding this type of discrimination. Conclusion: it is proposed to incorporate a geriatric evaluation to improve quality of clinical attention in this age group, aiming to preserve justice, beneficence and autonomy principles in older patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies are a group of heterogeneous systemic diseases that include: polymyositis, dermatomyositis and inclusion body myositis. Dermatomyositis affects the integumentary and muscular systems, with muscle weakness and skin manifestations as its main clinical characteristic. The incidence of carcinoma in association with dermatomyositis varies from 15 to 34%. The most associated tumors are ovarian, lung, breast and gastrointestinal cancer. CLINICAL CASES: Two cases of female patients diagnosed with dermatomyositis with typical skin manifestations of the disease and association with cancer are described, the first 31-year-old, diagnosed with invasive breast cancer and the second 64-years-old, with recurrence of transitional meningioma of the sphenoid, with clinical improvement after tumor resection. CONCLUSIONS: Patient survival rates can be markedly improved through early identification of cancer-associated idiopathic inflammatory myopathies. All patients should be adequately examined, taking a complete clinical history and determining risk factors associated with malignancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Sintetizar la evidencia actual sobre la utilidad de la radiómica en el análisis de la imagen PET/TC en cáncer de mama local o localmente avanzado y evaluar la calidad metodológica de los estudios radiómicos publicados al respecto. Revisión sistemática de artículos en distintas bases de datos hasta 2021 utilizando los términos «PET», «radiomics», «texture», «breast». Se seleccionaron solo artículos con datos humanos y que incluyeran una imagen de PET en su análisis. Se excluyeron estudios con datos de pruebas y menos de 20 pacientes. De cada artículo se extrajo el tamaño muestral, el radiotrazador utilizado, la técnica de imagen y las características de imagen extraídas. Se determinó la calidad metodológica de los estudios mediante el instrumento QUADAS-2. Se seleccionaron 18 artículos. El diseño retrospectivo fue el más utilizado. La característica radiómica más estudiada fue el SUVmax. Diversos parámetros radiómicos se correlacionaron con la caracterización tumoral, y la heterogeneidad tumoral demostró utilidad para predecir el curso de la enfermedad y la respuesta al tratamiento. La mayoría de los artículos mostraron un alto riesgo de sesgo, derivado principalmente de la selección de pacientes. Se observó una alta probabilidad de sesgo en los artículos publicados. La radiómica es un campo aún en desarrollo y son necesarios más estudios para demostrar su utilidad en la práctica clínica habitual. La herramienta QUADAS-2 permite la valoración crítica de la calidad metodológica de la evidencia disponible. Pese a las limitaciones, la radiómica se muestra como una herramienta que puede ayudar a conseguir un manejo oncológico personalizado en el cáncer de mama. To synthesize the current evidence of the usefulness of radiomics in PET/CT image analysis in local and locally advanced breast cancer. Also, to evaluate the methodological quality of the radiomic studies published. Systematic review of articles in different databases until 2021 using the terms «PET», «radiomics», «texture», «breast». Only articles with human data and that included a PET image were included. Studies with simulated data and with less than 20 patients were excluded. The sample size, radiotracer used, imaging technique, and radiomics characteristics were extracted from each article. The methodological quality of the studies was determined using the QUADAS-2 tool. Eighteen articles were selected. The retrospective design was the most used. The most studied radiomic characteristic was SUVmax. Several radiomic parameters were correlated with tumor characterization, and tumor heterogeneity proved useful for predicting disease course and response to treatment. Most articles showed a high risk of bias, mainly from the patient selection. A high probability of bias was observed in most of the published articles. Radiomics is a developing field and more studies are needed to demonstrate its usefulness in routine clinical practice. The QUADAS-2 tool allows critical assessment of the methodological quality of the available evidence. Despite its limitations, radiomics is shown to be an instrument that can help to achieve personalized oncologic management of breast cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Revista Fatec Zona Sul (REFAS) is the property of Revista Fatec Zona Sul (REFAS) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Los tumores filoides son una de las tumoraciones raras de la mama. Su forma habitual de presentación es en forma de masa firme, sin dolor, generalmente de un solo lado y móvil. Se presentó el caso de paciente de 17 años, del sexo femenino, con seropositividad para VIH, que se consultó por aumento de volumen de mama izquierda con crecimiento acelerado en los últimos seis meses. Al examen físico se palpó tumoración gigante ulcerada de mama izquierda, indolora y de consistencia firme multilobulada, con red venosa superficial. La tumoración, de unos 33 cm, ocupaba prácticamente toda la mama izquierda. No se palparon adenopatías. Luego de los estudios imaginológicos realizados fue intervenida quirúrgicamente. El estudio anatomopatológico informó tumor filoide de alto grado. La paciente evolucionó favorablemente durante el posoperatorio y se le dio alta médica con buen estado general y sin fiebre. Se revisó el estudio y manejo de esta patología, así como la importancia de un correcto diagnóstico diferencial.

Os progressos verificados no tratamento do câncer de mama e o consequente aumento da sobrevida das mulheres que dele são tratadas têm exigido períodos cada vez maiores de seguimento. Detectar-se o início da recidiva tumoral, porém, consiste no maior empecilho para se aplicar prontamente a terapêutica indicada (hormônio e/ou quimioterapia), tendo em vista as limitações apresentadas pelos exames até então disponíveis e utilizados para o seguimento dos casos: mamografia, radiografia simples de tórax, ultra-sonografia abdominal, cintilografla óssea e provas da função hepática, cujas especificidade e sensibilidade são baixas, quando a doença é microscópica. Com o desenvolvimento dos chamados marcadores tumorais, parece que já se pode dispor de um exame simples e confiável para proceder-se ao seguimento de mulheres tratadas de câncer de mama. O objetivo do presente trabalho é determinar se o CA 15.3, já disponível e em uso no Hospital Naval Marcílio Dias (HNMD), pode ser este exame. São analisados 63 de 100 exames realizados de 19 de maio a 15 de setembro de 1993, correspondentes a 63 mulheres tratadas ou sob tratamento de câncer de mama, e determinadas as especificidade, sensibilidade, valores preditivos positivo e negativo, e os percentuais de falso-positivo e falso-negativo do exame. O padrão-ouro utilizado é a presença reconhecida de doença tumoral em atividade (definição dos casos positivos) e a ausência de doença durante um determinado período de seguimento (definição dos casos negativos), com base nos exames clínico e complementares já citados. É também relacionado o valor da dosagem sérica do CA 15.3 com a idade da mulher, o estadiamento da doença ao tempo do diagnóstico inicial e a extensão da mesma, ao tempo da dosagem do marcador. Os cálculos demonstram que o CA 15.3 é um exame válido, apresentando consideráveis sensibilidade (72,2% das mulheres com doença em atividade têm dosagens séricas elevadas) e especificidade (75,6% das mulheres sem doença em atividade têm dosagens séricas normais), com um valor preditivo negativo de 86,1 % (ou seja, um falso-negativo de 13,9%) e positivo de 56,5%. O alto percentual de exames falso-positivos (43,5%) retira do CA 15.3 a validade como exame diagnóstico, porém não compromete a sua utilização como exame de seguimento, visto que dosagens seriadas podem corrigir os erros embutidos nos resultados falso-positivos e falso-negativos. Ao final, determina-se o quanto custa o seguimento de um caso, utilizando-se os exames laboratorial e de gabinete comparativamente ao CA 15.3 como exame de rastreamento da recidiva tumoral. Este último representa 10,2% do custo estimado para os outros exames, e poderá constituir-se em um método de rastreamento de recidivas e de indicação dos demais exames, ao longo do seguimento das mulheres previamente tratadas de câncer de mama.

Com o objetivo de analisar o número de linfonodos dissecados, foram estudados 229 pacientes portadoras de câncer de mama, tratadas no Hospital Araújo Jorge entre 1979 e 1988. Destas, 175 foram submetidas à mastectomia radical clássica (MRC) e54à mastectomia radical modificada com preservação de ambos os músculos peitorais (MRM). Não houve influência do estádio clínico nem do tratamento prévio sobre o procedimento cirúrgico, porém pacientes mais jovens foram submetidas mais frequentemente à MRC. O número médio de linfonodos dissecados foi maior na MRC que na MRM, 23 e 18 respectivamente. Ressecção de mais de 30 gânglios só foi obtida com a MRC, sendo esta diferença significativa (p < 0,001). Conclui-se que a MRC possibilita uma melhor dissecção axilar com retirada de maior número de linfonodos quando comparado à MRM com preservação de ambos os peitorais.

Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar as publicações referentes aos exames para diagnóstico do câncer de mama, em periódicos nacionais no período de 1980-1993, bem como verificar quais aspectos relacionados à temática estão sendo investigados. Foram identificadas 54 publicações, as quais foram analisadas através da análise de conteúdo. Foi possível identificar nessas publicações uma preocupação dos autores no aperfeiçoamento das técnicas de diagnóstico e detecção precoce. Porém, ao lado deste conhecimento sentimos a relevância de se enfocar a mulher que vivenda esse processo. Neste sentido observamos uma lacuna do conhecimento nas publicações analisadas.

Este trabalho apresenta uma análise estatística dos casos de câncer de mama atendidos no Hospital Amaral Carvalho no período de 1987 a 1990. Também se estuda sua distribuição por estadiamento clínico, tipo histológico e idade. Se faz referência à alta incidência de casos de câncer de mama avançado em mulheres idosas. Finalmente, se sugere a prevenção e dia gnóstico precoce nessas pacientes, para diminuir sua incidência.

El objetivo de este artículo es comprender las prácticas y percepciones de las navegadoras de pacientes con sospecha o diagnóstico de cáncer de mama (CM) en cuatro hospitales públicos argentinos (de región de Cuyo y Provincia de Buenos Aires) respecto del uso de las tecnologías de información y comunicación (TIC) en su tarea cotidiana. En el sistema de navegación de CM, la navegadora acompaña a las pacientes para evitar o superar barreras de acceso a la línea de cuidado del CM, buscando lograr diagnóstico, atención y tratamiento en tiempos óptimos. El abordaje metodológico de la investigación aquí presentada es cualitativo con un diseño descriptivo y exploratorio. Se realizaron entrevistas y observaciones participantes. Entre otros hallazgos, observamos que los déficits estructurales de las TIC en los servicios de salud estudiados obstaculizan el desarrollo de la navegación y refuerzan rechazos y desconfianza a su utilización en las navegadoras estudiadas. A pesar de ello, las TIC se instalan progresivamente en la navegación de pacientes con CM.

Objective: To measure 3-year care costs of breast, prostate, colorectal and lung cancers disaggregated by site and clinical stage. Method: A retrospective observational design was employed to investigate care costs of cases recorded in the Registry of the Basque Country between 2010 and 2015. Data gathered included TNM stage and demographic, clinical and resource use variables. Total costs per patient with stage IV disease were calculated by combining generalized linear models with parametric survival analysis. Unit costs were obtained from the analytical accounting system of the Basque Health Service. Results: The sample comprised 23,782 cancer cases (7801 colorectal, 5530 breast, 4802 prostate and 5649 lung cancer). The mean 3-year costs per patient with stage I to III disease were €11,323, €13,727, €8,651 and €12,023 for colorectal, breast, prostate and lung cancer, respectively. The most important cost components were surgery and chemotherapy. Total survival-adjusted costs until death for patients with stage IV disease (€27,568, €26,296, €16,151 and €15,931 for breast, colorectal, lung and prostate cancer, respectively) were higher than the 3-year costs for those with earlier-stage disease. Conclusions: This study quantitatively shows the pattern of changes in the economic burden of cancer throughout its natural history and the great magnitude of this burden for the health system. The use of indicators based on real-world data from each regional health service would allow cancer care in each region to be tailored to local population needs. Resumen: Objetivo: Determinar el coste del tratamiento de los cánceres de mama, próstata, colorrectal y pulmón según la localización y el estadio clínico. Método: Se utilizó un diseño observacional retrospectivo con los casos del Registro de Euskadi entre 2010 y 2015. Los datos incluyeron el estadio TNM, variables demográficas y clínicas, y uso de recursos. Los costes totales por paciente en estadio IV se calcularon combinando modelos lineales generalizados con el análisis paramétrico de supervivencia. Los costes unitarios se obtuvieron del sistema de contabilidad analítica del Servicio Vasco de Salud. Resultados: La muestra estuvo compuesta por 23.782 casos (7801 colorrectal, 5530 de mama, 4802 de próstata y 5649 de pulmón). Los costes medios por paciente a 3 años en estadio I a III fueron 11.323 €, 13.727 €, 8651 € y 12.023 € para los cánceres colorrectal, de mama, de próstata y de pulmón, respectivamente. Los costes para el estadio IV (27.568 €, 26.296 €, 16.151 € y 15.931 € para los cánceres de mama, colorrectal, de pulmón y de próstata, respectivamente) fueron mayores que en los estadios iniciales. Conclusiones: Este estudio muestra cuantitativamente el cambio en la carga económica del cáncer a lo largo de su evolución y la gran carga que supone para el sistema de salud. El uso de datos del mundo real de cada servicio de salud permitiría adaptar la atención del cáncer a las necesidades de la población local.

Introduction: cancer is one of the main causes of mortality in the world. The International Agency for Research on Cancer estimates 28 million new cases a year by 2040. The practice of physical activity in cancer patients and survivors is an area of interest due to the increase in this population and the need to adopt healthy lifestyle habits. Compliance with exercise recommendations improves the prognosis and reduces the risk of recurrence, while improving cardiovascular health, mood, and quality of life. Objective: to demonstrate the efficacy of a psychotherapy treatment with ballet in the anxiety variable of a group of women with breast cancer. Method: a study with a quasi-experimental design was carried out at the Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, de Santander, Cantabria (España) en 2022. Twenty-six women between the ages of 30 to 70 diagnosed with breast cancer and in the process of oncological treatment participated. A ballet program was applied to them for 9 months and their state anxiety was evaluated before and after the sessions, for which the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was used. Results: all state anxiety in the participants was reduced after the ballet psychotherapy sessions. Conclusions: the results indicate that ballet psychotherapy treatment favors a beneficial recovery of the cancer patient, reducing anxiety, an important predictor variable of the patient's evolution.

Objetivo: Explicar la asociación entre los factores de riesgo y la prevalencia de cáncer de mama en mujeres de un hospital gineco-obstétrico. Métodos: estudio cuantitativo, predictivo, no experimental, transversal y retrospectivo. Se realizó a dos grupos de mujeres con y sin diagnóstico de cáncer de mama (CAMA) entre 20 a 70 años durante el 2015-2020. Resultados principales: Se estudiaron 284 expedientes de mujeres, 136 conformaron GCC y 148 G-SC, con una mediana de edad de 50.5 y 43.1 años respectivamente. Los factores de riesgo que se asociaron al desarrollo de CAMA fueron edad (OR 0.946, IC 95% 0.920- 0.973 p = 0.000), antecedente familiar de CAMA (OR 0.275, IC% 95% 0.837-1.126 p = 0.000) y consumo de alcohol (OR 4.151, IC 95% 1.772- 9.725 p = 0.001). Conclusión general: La prevalencia del cáncer de mama está asociada a factores de riesgo no modificables como: mayor edad de la mujer e historia familiar de cáncer de mama. Otros factores de riesgo no modificables como el consumo de alcohol se asocian al incremento de padecer esta neoplasia.

El cáncer de mama es el tipo de cáncer más común a nivel mundial, con más de 2,2 millones de casos en el año 2020 a predominio del género femenino; principal factor de riesgo para dicha patología. En el caso de hombres, solo representa el 1% del total y menos del 1% de todos los canceres en el hombre, por lo que se considera una enfermedad rara. Sin embargo, las tasas de mortalidad posterior a 5 años del diagnóstico son más elevadas en hombres. Por estas razones, se presenta a un paciente masculino de 88 años de edad, con antecedentes de Hipertensión Arterial Sistémica y Asma del adulto, quien manifiesta la presencia de masa indurada, indolora, móvil en mama derecha, acompañada de lesiones eritematosas en tejido circundante y pérdida de peso. Los estudios de imagen demuestran una lesión ocupante de espacio en mama derecha. En vista de lo anteriormente descrito, se realiza biopsia eco-guiada para estudio histopatológico e inmunohistoquímica, concluyendo un carcinoma mucinoso con diferenciación neuroendocrina. En vista de lo anterior, se realiza mastectomía radical modificada tipo Madden de mama derecha sin complicaciones, lo cual le permitió egresar del centro de salud. A pesar de contar con información limitada, los casos reportados y su manejo han permitido vislumbrar un futuro para el diagnóstico definitivo en hombres. Es importante señalar que los antecedentes familiares, personales, ambientales y hábitos psicobiológicos han demostrado ser factores que inciden en el índice de supervivencia general en pacientes varones con cáncer de mama.

Copyright of Revista de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Río is the property of Editorial Ciencias Medicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objectives: To report a case of primary breast B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (PBL) and to conduct a literature review of its diagnosis and treatment. Material and methods: Case report of an 80-yearold female patient who presented to a private referral institution in Mexico, with PBL. She was also diagnosed with primary liver melanoma by means of targeted biopsy and pathology testing. The patient received treatment with R-CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone), quadrantectomy, lymph node dissection and radiotherapy. The PBL showed good response but, because of progression of the second primary tumor, the patient went on to receive palliative care. A review of the literature was conducted in Medline via PubMed, LILACS and Google Scholar. Cohort studies, case reports and case series in patients with PBL that discussed diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of this disease, published in English and Spanish between 2000 and 2022, were included. Results: Overall, 23 titles were identified, of which 17 consisting of case reports and case series met the inclusion criteria. The majority of patients received R-CHOP as chemotherapy regimen, with irradiation as adjunct therapy. Close to 80 % went into complete remission. The most frequent site of recurrence was the central nervous system. Five-year survival was 83.6 % in the included studies. Conclusions: At present, the CHOP regimen, with or without rituximab and usually accompanied by radiotherapy, is the most widely used and the only one that has shown a positive impact on survival. Additional randomized clinical trials are needed in order to gain a clearer insight into the effectiveness and safety of these treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: To determine the involvement of each component of mucinous carcinomas with micropapillary characteristics, through histopathological study and its relationship with prognosis and treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Comparative, observational, cross-sectional, and secondary source study. All cases were extracted from the database of the Contreras Robledo Pathology Laboratory, of the Dominican Republic, during the period 2015-2023. The study sample met the inclusion criteria, applying a form of 18 questions. Determination of estrogen, progesterone and HER2 receptors was carried out to classify the surrogate type, and EMA/MUC1 for polarity. RESULTS: Micropapillary carcinomas showed inverted polarity: the most frequent were luminal B type, Nottingham grade 2/3, with vascular infiltration in 41% of the cases, and lymphatic infiltration in 64% of the total. Mucinous carcinomas had preserved polarity and most corresponded to the luminal A subtype; Vasculolymphatic infiltration was exceptional. Mucinous carcinomas with micropapillary features showed inverted polarity, but resembled pure mucinous carcinomas, because most cases were of luminal A subtype (90%), with 91% Nottingham grade 1 and vasculolymphatic infiltration being exceptional. CONCLUSION: Mucinous carcinomas with micropapillary characteristics show greater similarity to classic versus micropapillary mucinous carcinomas, according to the surrogate type, Nottingham grade, and vasculolymphatic infiltration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is necessary to take into account the cultural aspects of the people involved in the prevention of breast cancer to achieve an approach to the phenomenon of health and how these aspects influence the self-care behavior. Objective: To understand the social representations of cancer and breast self-examination of women on the Pacific coast in Colombia during the year 2019. Method: The study uses a qualitative interpretative approach through the analysis of Social Representations. Structured interviews were conducted for the collection of data and construction of the study phenomenon with 21 women between 19 and 71 years old, inhabitants of the municipalities of Santa Bárbara de Iscuandé and Mosquera in the department of Nariño and the municipalities of Guapi and Timbiquí in the department of Cauca. Results: Breast self-examination for women is a concept and practice that is configured and understood through theoretical and emergent categories such as beliefs, perceptions, knowledge they have about the disease, detection methods, consequences and life experiences. Conclusions: Breast cancer is associated with malignancy, death and negative emotions. Women recognize that it causes suffering and affects their family and social environment. The social representation of self-examination is related to the disease and its implications, highlighting beliefs, perceptions, and categories influenced by sociocultural aspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Breast cancer patients' psychosocial needs may influence the success of multidisciplinary treatment. Objective. To determine the psychosocial needs of patients with breast cancer as reported by their healthcare team. Method. The study consisted of a national online survey with a non-experimental cross-sectional design, and sampling by availability. Participants. A total of 254 professionals, mainly surgical and medical oncologists from public and private health institutions completed an expressly designed questionnaire. Results. Most health professionals directly ask their patients about their emotional problems (72%); however, only 8% use a validated scale or questionnaire. Most of them have access to mental health services. They report that patients express emotional concerns about their quality of life (65%), adherence to treatment (42%), and disease progression (41%). The factors associated with emotional distress, anxiety, and depression include other psychological problems as physical symptoms such as appetite loss, and memory and sleep problems. Conclusions. Greater dissemination of psycho-oncology clinical guidelines and evidence-based psychosocial care programs for patients with breast cancer should aim to train medical teams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]