Search

Supplementary Tables A and B from Proteomic Analysis of Malignant Ovarian Cancer Effusions as a Tool for Biologic and Prognostic Profiling

Purpose: Malignant epithelial ovarian cancer effusions are important in disease dissemination and clinical outcome. The identification of biochemical events active in effusions may improve our identification and application of targeted therapeutics.Experimental Design: Archival effusion samples for which outcome information was known were studied. Clinical variables were comparable between these groups. Two cohorts of patients with malignant effusion were assessed: those with effusion at presentation (Tap1) or at first recurrence (Tap2). Expression and activated fraction of selected signaling proteins were quantitated on serial protein microarrays using validated antibodies. Proteomic results and clinical variables were analyzed by univariate analysis followed by Cox proportional hazards model analysis.Results: Malignant effusions (>80% malignant cells) were distinguished from benign effusions by higher expression of AKT, activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase, activated (P ≤ 0.001) and total cAMP-responsive element binding protein (P = 0.01), and JNK (P = 0.03). Malignant pleural effusions could not be differentiated from ascites by signaling profiles. Both had signal expression clusters for survival, proliferation and metastasis, and injury pathways. Cox proportional hazards model analysis revealed high p38 and pEGFR/EGFR ratio as jointly associated with poor survival in Tap1 cases (both P ≤ 0.002). Phospho-JNK quantity was associated with worse outcome in Tap2 patients (P = 0.004), when taking other factors into consideration.Conclusions: Proliferation, survival, and apoptosis signaling dysregulation can be identified in ovarian cancer effusion samples. Biochemical characterization of clinical effusions may provide either predictive and/or correlative information on patient outcome from which to further understand the mechanisms of effusion development and target clinical intervention.

Electrochromic (EC) technology allows control of the transmission of visible light and solar radiation through thin-film devices. When applied to “smart” windows, EC technology can significantly diminish energy use for cooling and air conditioning of buildings and simultaneously provide good indoor comfort for the buildings’ occupants through reduced glare. EC “smart” windows are available on the market, but it is nevertheless important that their degradation under operating conditions be better understood and, ideally, prevented. In the present work, we investigated EC properties, voltammetric cycling durability, and potentiostatic rejuvenation of sputter-deposited WO3 thin films immersed in LiClO4–propylene carbonate electrolytes containing up to 3.0 wt% of ∼7-nm-diameter SiO2 nanoparticles. Adding about 1 wt% SiO2 led to a significant improvement in cycling durability in the commonly used potential range of 2.0–4.0 V vs. Li/Li+. Furthermore, X-ray photoemission spectroscopy indicated that O–Si bonds were associated with enhanced durability in the presence of SiO2 nanoparticles.

In the absence of international standards for the processing of personal data, the European Union (EU) is seeking to create an effective system for data protection within its sphere of interest. As a first step, the relevant national provisions in the legal systems of the EU Member States were approximated at some level by the 1995 Data Protection Directive (DPD). It paved the way for the adoption of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) that became directly applicable as law at both a national and supranational level on 25 May 2018. Much has been said about the territorial scope of the Union legal framework for data protection. Indeed, there seems to be a widespread fear of a claim for “extraterritorial applicability”. However, the concept of “extraterritoriality” is utterly vague and the discourse has in most instances been conspicuously abstracted from its technical, economic and legal context. In this article, the territorial scope of the GDPR is explored in the light of emerging technologies, online trade and constitutional EU law comprising methodological starting points. In the course of the academic year 2017/2018, I investigated the territorial scope of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) as research fellow at Oxford University, Institute of European and Comparative Law (IECL). Here you will find a draft of the nearly completed work.