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110. HIV testing week 2015: lowering barriers for HIV testing among high-risk groups in Amsterdam

Author

Bartelsman, M., Joore, I. K., van Bergen, J. E., Hogewoning, A. A., Zuure, F. R., van Veen, M. G., Oomen, A., Prins, J. M., Smit, P. J., van Agtmael, M., Bezemer, D., Blok, W. L., Boucher, C. A.B., Burger, D., de Bruin, M., Dijkstra, M., Goorhuis, A., Groot, M., Gruters, R. A., van der Helm, J. J., Kroon, F. P., Mahmoudi, T., van der Meer, J. T., Mulder, J., Nobel, H., Peters, E., van Rooijen, M. S., Veenstra, J., Verbon, A., Verhagen, D., Visser, G., de Vries, H. J., van Vugt, M., Wit, F. W., van Zelm, M. C., Public Health, General Practice, Erasmus MC other, Medical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, Department of Public Administration and Sociology, Virology, Research & Education, Immunology, Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Intensive Care, Anesthesiology, Pharmacy, Pediatrics, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Biochemistry, Department of Management of Technology and Innovation, Rehabilitation Medicine, Internal Medicine, Obstetrics & Gynecology, Department of Technology and Operations Management, Clinical Chemistry, AII - Infectious diseases, Internal medicine, Graduate School, APH - Personalized Medicine, General practice, APH - Methodology, Dermatology, Other departments, Infectious diseases, APH - Global Health, APH - Aging & Later Life, Global Health, APH - Quality of Care, Neurology, Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Center of Experimental and Molecular Medicine, and ACS - Heart failure & arrhythmias

Subjects
Male, Veterinary medicine, Cost-Benefit Analysis, HIV Infections, Men who have sex with men, 0302 clinical medicine, Surveys and Questionnaires, Medicine, Mass Screening, 030212 general & internal medicine, Young adult, Netherlands, Aged, 80 and over, Transients and Migrants, education.field_of_study, Attendance, Middle Aged, Test (assessment), Infectious Diseases, Female, 0305 other medical science, Research Article, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Point-of-care testing, Population, HIV testing week, Migrants, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Humans, lcsh:RC109-216, Msm, Homosexuality, Male, education, Point-of-care test, Mass screening, Aged, Rapid test, 030505 public health, business.industry, HIV, Tropical medicine, HIV-2, HIV-1, business, Demography
Abstract

Background: Evaluation of the HIV Testing Week (HTW) 2015 in Amsterdam: the number of (positive) tested persons, characteristics and testing history of the tested population, the differences in attendance per location and the healthcare workers' experiences and opinions concerning the HTW. Methods: The HTW took place from 28 November till 4 December 2015. Anonymous HIV rapid testing (INSTI™ HIV1/HIV2 Ab test or Determine™ HIV-1/2 Ag/Ab test) was offered free of charge at four hospitals, 12 general practitioner (GP) clinics, a sexually transmitted infections (STI) clinic, a laboratory, sites of a community-based organisation, and at outreach locations. Home-based testing (OraQuick® In-Home HIV Test) was offered online. The focus was to motivate two groups to test: men who have sex with men (MSM) and non-Western migrants. Questionnaires regarding participant's characteristics and HIV testing history were collected. Also healthcare workers were asked to complete a questionnaire evaluating the HTW. Results: In total, 1231 participants were tested. With three positive HIV tests, the detection rate was 0.3% (95%CI 0.26-0.37). Of all participants, 24.7% (304/1231) were MSM. Respectively, 22.3% (275/1231) and 15.7% (193/1231) were first- and second-generation migrants from a non-Western country. Altogether, 56.7% (698/1231) of participants belonged to one of the targeted risk groups. For 32.7% (402/1231) of participants, it was the first time they received testing, and 35.1% (432/1231) were tested more than 1 year ago. Among MSM 13.2% were tested for the first time, among first- and second-generation non-Western migrants this percentage was significantly higher at 27.2% and 33.5% respectively (p < 0.01). The number of tested participants per location varied widely, especially between GP clinics (range 3-63). Healthcare workers were positive about the HTW: about half (46.2%) stated they would more readily offer an HIV test following their experience with the HTW. Conclusions: This was the first time the Amsterdam HTW was organised on such a large scale. The majority of the tested population belonged to one of the targeted risk groups and received testing either for the first time or for the first time in over a year. It is important to further build upon the experiences of the HTW and offer free of charge low-threshold HIV testing more structurally. An evaluation of cost-effectiveness is also warranted for future editions of the HTW.

Published
2018

111. HIV-1 Infection in Cyprus, the Eastern Mediterranean European Frontier: A Densely Sampled Transmission Dynamics Analysis from 1986 to 2012

Author

Pineda-Peña, A.-C. Theys, K. Stylianou, D.C. Demetriades, I. Puchhammer, E. Vandamme, A.-M. Aleksiev, I. Lepej, S.Z. Linka, M. Fonager, J. Liitsola, K. Kaiser, R. Hamouda, O. Paraskevis, D. Coughlan, S. Grossman, Z. Mor, O. Zazzi, M. Griskevicius, A. Lipnickiene, V. Devaux, C. Boucher, C. Hofstra, M. Wensing, A. Bakken-Kran, A.-M. Horban, A. Camacho, R. Paraschiv, S. Otelea, D. Stanojevic, M. Stanekova, D. Poljak, M. Garcia, F. Paredes, R. Albert, J. Abecasis, A.B. Kostrikis, L.G.

Subjects
virus diseases
Abstract

Since HIV-1 treatment is increasingly considered an effective preventionstrategy, it is important to study local HIV-1 epidemics to formulate tailored preventionpolicies. The prevalence of HIV-1 in Cyprus was historically low until 2005. To investigatethe shift in epidemiological trends, we studied the transmission dynamics of HIV-1 in Cyprususing a densely sampled Cypriot HIV-1 transmission cohort that included 85 percent ofHIV-1-infected individuals linked to clinical care between 1986 and 2012 based on detailedclinical, epidemiological, behavioral and HIV-1 genetic information. Subtyping andtransmission cluster reconstruction were performed using maximum likelihood and Bayesianmethods, and the transmission chain network was linked to the clinical, epidemiological andbehavioral data. The results reveal that for the main HIV-1 subtype A1 and B sub-epidemics,young and drug-naïve HIV-1-infected individuals in Cyprus are driving the dynamics of thelocal HIV-1 epidemic. The results of this study provide a better understanding of thedynamics of the HIV-1 infection in Cyprus, which may impact the development of preventionstrategies. Furthermore, this methodology for analyzing densely sampled transmissiondynamics is applicable to other geographic regions to implement effective HIV-1 preventionstrategies in local settings. © 2018 The Author(s).

Published
2018

112. Gender differences in the use of cardiovascular interventions in HIV-positive persons; the D:A:D study

Author

Hatleberg, Ci, Ryom, L, El-Sadr, W, Mocroft, A, Reiss, P, De Wit, S, Dabis, F, Pradier, C, d'Arminio Monforte, A, Kovari, H, Law, M, Lundgren, Jd, Sabin, Ca, Data Collection of Adverse Events of Anti-HIV drugs (D:A:D) Study group, Calvo, G, Bonnet, F, Kirk, O, Morfeldt, L, Weber, R, Lind-Thomsen, A, Salbøl Brandt, R, Hillebreght, M, Zaheri, S, Wit, F, Scherrer, A, Schöni-Affolter, F, Rickenbach, M, Tavelli, A, Fanti, I, Leleux, O, Mourali, J, Le Marec, F, Boerg, E, Thulin, E, Sundström, A, Bartsch, G, Thompsen, G, Necsoi, C, Delforge, M, Fontas, E, Caissotti, C, Mateu, S, Torres, F, Petoumenos, K, Blance, A, Huang, R, Puhr, R, Laut, K, Kristensen, D, Phillips, An, Kamara, Da, Smith, Cj, Brandt, Rs, Raben, D, Matthews, C, Bojesen, A, Grevsen, Al, Powderly, B, Shortman, N, Moecklinghoff, C, Reilly, G, Franquet, X, Smit, C, Ross, M, Fux, Ca, Morlat, P, Friis-Møller, N, Kowalska, J, Bohlius, J, Bower, M, Fätkenheuer, G, Grulich, A, Sjøl, A, Meidahl, P, Iversen, Js, Hillebregt, M, Prins, Jm, Kuijpers, Tw, Scherpbier, Hj, van der Meer, J, Godfried, Mh, van der Poll, T, Nellen, F, Geerlings, Se, van Vugt, M, Pajkrt, D, Bos, Jc, Wiersinga, Wj, van der Valk, M, Goorhuis, A, Hovius, Jw, van Eden, J, Henderiks, A, van Hes, A, Mutschelknauss, M, Nobel, He, Pijnappel, F, Jurriaans, S, Back, N, Zaaijer, Hl, Berkhout, B, Cornelissen, M, Schinkel, Cj, Thomas, Xv, De Ruyter Ziekenhuis, A, van den Berge, M, Stegeman, A, Baas, S, Hage de Looff, L, Ziekenhuis, C, Pronk, M, Ammerlaan, H, de Munnik, E, Tjhie, J, Wegdam, M, Deiman, B, Scharnhorst, V, Weijsenfeld, Am, van der Ende ME, van Gorp, E, Schurink, C, Nouwen, Jl, Verbon, A, Rijnders, B, Bax, Hi, van der Feltz, M, van der Bassant, N, van Beek, J, Vriesde, M, van Zonneveld LM, de Oude-Lubbers, A, van den Berg-Cameron HJ, Bruinsma-Broekman, Fb, de Groot, J, de Zeeuw-de Man, M, Boucher, C, Koopmans, M, van Kampen, J, Pas, Sd, Driessen, G, van Rossum, A, van der Knaap LC, Flevoziekenhuis, E, Branger, J, Rijkeboer-Mes, A, Schippers, Ef, van IJperen JM, Geilings, J, van der Hut, G, Franck, P, van Eeden, A, Brokking, W, Groot, M, Elsenburg, L, Damen, M, Isala, Is, Groeneveld, P, Bouwhuis, Jw, den Berg JF, van Hulzen, A, van der Bliek GL, Bor, P, Bloembergen, P, Wolfhagen, M, Ruijs, G, Kroon, Fp, de Boer, M, Bauer, Mp, Jolink, H, Vollaard, Am, Dorama, W, van Holten, N, Claas, E, Wessels, E, den Hollander JG, Pogany, K, Roukens, A, Kastelijns, M, Smit, Jv, Smit, E, Struik-Kalkman, D, Tearno, C, Bezemer, M, van Niekerk, T, Pontesilli, O, Lowe, Sh, Oude Lashof, A, Posthouwer, D, Ackens, Rp, Schippers, J, Vergoossen, R, Weijenberg-Maes, B, van Loo, I, Havenith, T, Leyten, E, Gelinck, L, van Hartingsveld, A, Meerkerk, C, Wildenbeest, Gs, Mutsaers, J, Jansen, Cl, Mulder, Jw, Vrouenraets, S, Lauw, Fn, van Broekhuizen MC, Paap, H, Vlasblom, Dj, Smits, P, Weijer, S, El Moussaoui, R, Bosma, As, van Vonderen, M, van Houte, D, Kampschreur, Lm, Dijkstra, K, Faber, S, Weel, J, Kootstra, Gj, Delsing, Ce, van der Burg-van de Plas, M, Heins, H, Lucas, E, Kortmann, W, van Twillert, G, Cohen Stuart, J, Diederen, B, Pronk, D, van Truijen-Oud FA, van der Reijden WA, Jansen, R, Brinkman, K, den Berk, G, Blok, Wl, Frissen, P, Lettinga, Kd, Schouten, W, Veenstra, J, Brouwer, Cj, Geerders, Gf, Hoeksema, K, Kleene, Mj, van der Meché IB, Spelbrink, M, Sulman, H, Toonen, A, Wijnands, S, Kwa, D, Witte, E, Koopmans, Pp, Keuter, M, van der Ven, A, Ter Hofstede, H, Dofferhoff, A, van Crevel, R, Albers, M, Bosch, M, Grintjes-Huisman, K, Zomer, Bj, Stelma, Ff, Rahamat-Langendoen, J, Burger, D, Richter, C, Gisolf, Eh, Hassing, Rj, Ter Beest, G, van Bentum, P, Langebeek, N, Tiemessen, R, Swanink, C, van Lelyveld, S, Soetekouw, R, Hulshoff, N, van der Prijt, L, van der Swaluw, J, Bermon, N, Herpers, Bl, Veenendaal, D, Verhagen, D, van Wijk, M, Brouwer, Ae, Kuipers, M, Santegoets, R, van der Ven, B, Marcelis, Jh, Buiting, A, Kabel, Pj, Bierman, W, Scholvinck, H, Wilting, Kr, Stienstra, Y, van der Meulen PA, de Weerd DA, Ludwig-Roukema, J, Niesters, H, Riezebos-Brilman, A, van Leer-Buter CC, Knoester, M, Hoepelman, A, Mudrikova, T, Ellerbroek, Pm, Oosterheert, Jj, Arends, Je, Barth, Re, Wassenberg, M, Schadd, Em, van Elst-Laurijssen, D, van Oers-Hazelzet, E, Vervoort, S, van Berkel, M, Schuurman, R, Verduyn-Lunel, F, Wensing, A, Peters, E, van Agtmael MA, Bomers, M, de Vocht, J, Heitmuller, M, Laan, Lm, Pettersson, Am, Ang, Cw, Geelen, S, Wolfs, T, Bont, Lj, Bezemer, Do, van Sighem AI, Boender, Ts, de Jong, A, Bergsma, D, Hoekstra, P, de Lang, A, Grivell, S, Jansen, A, Rademaker, Mj, Raethke, M, Meijering, R, Schnörr, S, de Groot, L, van den Akker, M, Bakker, Y, Claessen, E, El Berkaoui, A, Koops, J, Kruijne, E, Lodewijk, C, Munjishvili, L, Peeck, B, Ree, C, Regtop, R, Ruijs, Y, Rutkens, T, van de Sande, L, Schoorl, M, Timmerman, A, Tuijn, E, Veenenberg, L, van der Vliet, S, Wisse, A, Woudstra, T, Tuk, B, Dupon, M, Gaborieau, V, Lacoste, D, Malvy, D, Mercié, P, Neau, D, Pellegrin, Jl, Tchamgoué, S, Lazaro, E, Cazanave, C, Vandenhende, M, Vareil, Mo, Gérard, Y, Blanco, P, Bouchet, S, Breilh, D, Fleury, H, Pellegrin, I, Chêne, G, Thiébaut, R, Wittkop, L, Lawson-Ayayi, S, Gimbert, A, Desjardin, S, Lacaze-Buzy, L, Petrov-Sanchez, V, André, K, Bernard, N, Caubet, O, Caunegre, L, Chossat, I, Courtault, C, Dauchy, Fa, Dondia, D, Duffau, P, Dutronc, H, Farbos, S, Faure, I, Ferrand, H, Gerard, Y, Greib, C, Hessamfar, M, Imbert, Y, Lataste, P, Marie, J, Mechain, M, Monlun, E, Ochoa, A, Pistone, T, Raymond, I, Receveur, Mc, Rispal, P, Sorin, L, Valette, C, Vandenhende, Ma, Viallard, Jf, Wille, H, Wirth, G, Lafon, Me, Trimoulet, P, Bellecave, P, Tumiotto, C, Haramburu, F, Miremeont-Salamé, G, Blaizeau, Mj, Decoin, M, Hannapier, C, Pougetoux, Elea, Delveaux, S, D'Ivernois, C, Diarra, F, Uwamaliya-Nziyumvira, B, Palmer, G, Conte, V, Sapparrart, V, Moore, R, Edwards, S, Hoy, J, Watson, K, Roth, N, Lau, H, Bloch, M, Baker, D, Carr, A, Cooper, D, O'Sullivan, M, Nolan, D, Guelfi, G, Domingo, P, Sambeat, Ma, Gatell, J, Del Cacho, E, Cadafalch, J, Fuster, M, Codina, C, Sirera, G, Vaqué, A, Clumeck, N, Gennotte, Af, Gerard, M, Kabeya, K, Konopnicki, D, Libois, A, Martin, C, Payen, Mc, Semaille, P, Van Laethem, Y, Neaton, J, Krum, E, Thompson, G, Luskin-Hawk, R, Telzak, E, Abrams, Di, Cohn, D, Markowitz, N, Arduino, R, Mushatt, D, Friedland, G, Perez, G, Tedaldi, E, Fisher, E, Gordin, F, Crane, Lr, Sampson, J, Baxter, J, Gazzard, B, Horban, A, Karpov, I, Losso, M, Pedersen, C, Ristola, M, Phillips, A, Rockstroh, J, Peters, L, Fischer, Ah, Grønborg Laut, K, Larsen, Jf, Podlekareva, D, Cozzi-Lepri, A, Shepherd, L, Schultze, A, Amele, S, Kundro, M, Schmied, B, Vassilenko, A, Mitsura, Vm, Paduto, D, Florence, E, Vandekerckhove, L, Hadziosmanovic, V, Begovac, J, Machala, L, Jilich, D, Kronborg, G, Benfield, T, Gerstoft, J, Katzenstein, T, Møller, Nf, Ostergaard, L, Wiese, L, Nielsen, Ln, Zilmer, K, Aho, I, Viard, Jp, Girard, Pm, Duvivier, C, Degen, O, Stellbrink, Hj, Stefan, C, Bogner, J, Chkhartishvili, N, Gargalianos, P, Szlávik, J, Gottfredsson, M, Mulcahy, F, Yust, I, Turner, D, Burke, M, Shahar, E, Hassoun, G, Elinav, H, Haouzi, M, Elbirt, D, Sthoeger, Zm, Esposito, R, Mazeu, I, Mussini, C, Mazzotta, F, Gabbuti, A, Vullo, V, Lichtner, M, Zaccarelli, M, Antinori, A, Acinapura, R, Plazzi, M, Lazzarin, A, Castagna, A, Gianotti, N, Galli, M, Ridolfo, A, Rozentale, B, Uzdaviniene, V, Staub, T, Ormaasen, V, Maeland, A, Bruun, J, Knysz, B, Gasiorowski, J, Inglot, M, Bakowska, E, Flisiak, R, Grzeszczuk, A, Parczewski, M, Maciejewska, K, Aksak-Was, B, Beniowski, M, Mularska, E, Smiatacz, T, Gensing, M, Jablonowska, E, Malolepsza, E, Wojcik, K, Mozer-Lisewska, I, Caldeira, L, Radoi, R, Panteleev, A, Yakovlev, A, Trofimora, T, Khromova, I, Kuzovatova, E, Borodulina, E, Vdoushkina, E, Jevtovic, D, Tomazic, J, Gatell, Jm, Miró, Jm, Moreno, S, Rodriguez, Jm, Clotet, B, Jou, A, Paredes, R, Tural, C, Puig, J, Bravo, I, Gutierrez, M, Mateo, G, Laporte, Jm, Falconer, K, Thalme, A, Sonnerborg, A, Blaxhult, A, Flamholc, L, Cavassini, M, Calmy, A, Furrer, H, Schmid, P, Kuznetsova, A, Kyselyova, G, Sluzhynska, M, Johnson, Am, Simons, E, Johnson, Ma, Orkin, C, Weber, J, Scullard, G, Clarke, A, Leen, C, Thulin, G, Åkerlund, B, Koppel, K, Karlsson, A, Håkangård, C, Castelli, F, Cauda, R, Di Perri, G, Iardino, R, Ippolito, G, Marchetti, Gc, Perno, Cf, von Schloesser, F, Viale, P, Ceccherini-Silberstein, F, Girardi, E, Lo Caputo, S, Puoti, M, Andreoni, M, Ammassari, A, Balotta, C, Bandera, A, Bonfanti, P, Bonora, S, Borderi, M, Calcagno, A, Calza, L, Capobianchi, Mr, Cingolani, A, Cinque, P, De Luca, A, Di Biagio, A, Gori, A, Guaraldi, G, Lapadula, G, Madeddu, G, Maggiolo, F, Marchetti, G, Marcotullio, S, Monno, L, Nozza, S, Quiros Roldan, E, Rossotti, R, Rusconi, S, Santoro, Mm, Saracino, A, Galli, L, Lorenzini, P, Rodano, A, Shanyinde, M, Carletti, F, Carrara, S, Di Caro, A, Graziano, S, Petrone, F, Prota, G, Quartu, S, Truffa, S, Giacometti, A, Costantini, A, Barocci, V, Angarano, G, Santoro, C, Suardi, C, Donati, V, Verucchi, G, Minardi, C, Quirino, T, Abeli, C, Manconi, Pe, Piano, P, Cacopardo, B, Celesia, B, Vecchiet, J, Falasca, K, Pan, A, Lorenzotti, S, Sighinolfi, L, Segala, D, Vichi, F, Cassola, G, Viscoli, C, Alessandrini, A, Bobbio, N, Mazzarello, G, Mastroianni, C, Belvisi, V, Caramma, I, Chiodera, A, Milini, P, Rizzardini, G, Moioli, Mc, Piolini, R, Ridolfo, Al, Salpietro, S, Tincati, C, Puzzolante, C, Abrescia, N, Chirianni, A, Borgia, G, Orlando, R, Bonadies, G, Di Martino, F, Gentile, I, Maddaloni, L, Cattelan, Am, Marinello, S, Cascio, A, Colomba, C, Baldelli, F, Schiaroli, E, Parruti, G, Sozio, F, Magnani, G, Ursitti, Ma, Cristaudo, A, Baldin, G, Capozzi, M, Cicalini, S, Fontanelli Sulekova, L, Iaiani, G, Latini, A, Mastrorosa, I, Plazzi, Mm, Savinelli, S, Vergori, A, Cecchetto, M, Viviani, F, Bagella, P, Rossetti, B, Franco, A, Fontana Del Vecchio, R, Francisci, D, Di Giuli, C, Caramello, P, Orofino, Gc, Sciandra, M, Bassetti, M, Londero, A, Pellizzer, G, Manfrin, V, Starnini, G, Ialungo, A, Dollet, K, Dellamonica, P, Bernard, E, Courjon, J, Cua, E, De Salvador-Guillouet, F, Durant, J, Etienne, C, Ferrando, S, Mondain-Miton, V, Naqvi, A, Perbost, I, Pillet, S, Prouvost-Keller, B, Pugliese, P, Rio, V, Risso, K, Roger, Pm, Aubert, V, Battegay, M, Bernasconi, E, Böni, J, Braun, Dl, Bucher, H, Ciuffi, A, Dollenmaier, G, Egger, M, Elzi, L, Fehr, J, Fellay, J, Günthard, Hf, Haerry, D, Hasse, B, Hirsch, Hh, Hoffmann, M, Hösli, I, Kahlert, C, Kaiser, L, Keiser, O, Klimkait, T, Kouyos, Rd, Ledergerber, B, Martinetti, G, Martinez de Tejada, B, Marzolini, C, Metzner, Kj, Müller, N, Nicca, D, Pantaleo, G, Paioni, P, Rauch, A, Rudin, C, Scherrer, Au, Speck, R, Stöckle, M, Tarr, P, Trkola, A, Vernazza, P, Wandeler, G, Yerly, S., Infectious diseases, AII - Infectious diseases, APH - Aging & Later Life, Global Health, Paediatric Infectious Diseases / Rheumatology / Immunology, AII - Inflammatory diseases, AII - Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, General Internal Medicine, APH - Quality of Care, Graduate School, Center of Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, ARD - Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, Hatleberg, Camilla I, Ryom, Lene, El-Sadr, Wafaa, Mocroft, Amanda, Reiss, Peter, De Wit, Stephane, Dabis, Francoi, Pradier, Christian, d'Arminio Monforte, Antonella, Kovari, Helen, Law, Matthew, Lundgren, Jens D, Sabin, Caroline A, Dad, Study, Castagna, A, Infektiosairauksien yksikkö, Department of Medicine, Clinicum, HUS Inflammation Center, HUS Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation, MUMC+: DA MMI AIOS (9), MUMC+: DA MMI Infectieserologie (9), Med Microbiol, Infect Dis & Infect Prev, MUMC+: DA MMI Staf (9), RS: FHML non-thematic output, and University of Zurich

Subjects
Male, Cardiovascular disease, gender, cardiovascular disease interventions, cohort studies, HIV, women, myocardial infarction, stroke, Heart disease, Psychological intervention, lnfectious Diseases and Global Health Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 4], 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Santé publique, ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME, 10234 Clinic for Infectious Diseases, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, HIV Seropositivity, Medicine and Health Sciences, IN-HOSPITAL MORTALITY, 030212 general & internal medicine, Pathologie maladies infectieuses, Stroke, Research Articles, PRESENTATION, GENERAL-POPULATION, INFECTED PATIENTS, Sex Characteristics, Confounding, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiovascular disease interventions, Cohort studies, Gender, Hiv, Myocardial infarction, Women, symbols, Female, Cohort study, Research Article, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Acute coronary syndrome, ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION, SEX-DIFFERENCES, SYMPTOM PRESENTATION, education, 610 Medicine & health, HEART-DISEASE, NO, INFECTED, 03 medical and health sciences, symbols.namesake, Internal medicine, cardiovascular disease intervention, PATIENTS, medicine, Humans, SYMPTOM, Poisson regression, IN-HOSPITAL, business.industry, MORTALITY, CLINICAL PRESENTATION, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, 2739 Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, 2725 Infectious Diseases, medicine.disease, lnfectious Diseases and Global Health Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 4], 10036 Medical Clinic, 3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine, RISK-FACTORS, Observational study, business, cohort studie
Abstract

There is paucity of data related to potential gender differences in the use of interventions to prevent and treat cardiovascular disease (CVD) among HIV-positive individuals. We investigated whether such differences exist in the observational D:A:D cohort study. Methods: Participants were followed from study enrolment until the earliest of death, six months after last visit or February 1, 2015. Initiation of CVD interventions [lipid-lowering drugs (LLDs), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), anti-hypertensives, invasive cardiovascular procedures (ICPs) were investigated and Poisson regression models calculated whether rates were lower among women than men, adjusting for potential confounders. Results: Women (n = 12,955) were generally at lower CVD risk than men (n = 36,094). Overall, initiation rates of CVD interventions were lower in women than men; LLDs: incidence rate 1.28 [1.21, 1.35] vs. 2.40 [2.34, 2.46]; ACEIs: 0.88 [0.82, 0.93] vs. 1.43 [1.39, 1.48]; anti-hypertensives: 1.40 [1.33, 1.47] vs. 1.72 [1.68, 1.77] and ICPs: 0.08 [0.06, 0.10] vs. 0.30 [0.28, 0.32], and this was also true for most CVD interventions when exclusively considering periods of follow-up for which individuals were at high CVD risk. In fully adjusted models, women were less likely to receive CVD interventions than men (LLDs: relative rate 0.83 [0.78, 0.88]; ACEIs: 0.93 [0.86, 1.01]; ICPs: 0.54 [0.43, 0.68]), except for the receipt of anti-hypertensives (1.17 [1.10, 1.25]). Conclusion: The use of most CVD interventions was lower among women than men. Interventions are needed to ensure that all HIV-positive persons, particularly women, are appropriately monitored for CVD and, if required, receive appropriate CVD interventions., SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Published
2018

116. Earth orientation and related reference frames

Author

Feissel, M., primary, Bourquard, D., additional, Charlot, P., additional, Eisop, E., additional, Essaifi, N., additional, Lestrade, J.-F., additional, Arias, E. F., additional, Boucher, C., additional, and Altamimi, Z., additional

Published
1993
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122. Efficient modeling of photonic crystals with local Hermite polynomials.

Author

Boucher, C. R., Zehao Li, Albrecht, J. D., and Ram-Mohan, L. R.

Subjects
*PHOTONIC crystals, *HERMITE polynomials, *ELECTRODYNAMICS, *PLANE wavefronts, *EIGENFUNCTIONS, *QUANTUM wells
Abstract

Developing compact algorithms for accurate electrodynamic calculations with minimal computational cost is an active area of research given the increasing complexity in the design of electromagnetic composite structures such as photonic crystals, metamaterials, optical interconnects, and on-chip routing. We show that electric and magnetic (EM) fields can be calculated using scalar Hermite interpolation polynomials as the numerical basis functions without having to invoke edge-based vector finite elements to suppress spurious solutions or to satisfy boundary conditions. This approach offers several fundamental advantages as evidenced through band structure solutions for periodic systems and through waveguide analysis. Compared with reciprocal space (plane wave expansion) methods for periodic systems, advantages are shown in computational costs, the ability to capture spatial complexity in the dielectric distributions, the demonstration of numerical convergence with scaling, and variational eigenfunctions free of numerical artifacts that arise from mixed-order real space basis sets or the inherent aberrations from transforming reciprocal space solutions of finite expansions. The photonic band structure of a simple crystal is used as a benchmark comparison and the ability to capture the effects of spatially complex dielectric distributions is treated using a complex pattern with highly irregular features that would stress spatial transform limits. This general method is applicable to a broad class of physical systems, e.g., to semiconducting lasers which require simultaneous modeling of transitions in quantum wells or dots together with EM cavity calculations, to modeling plasmonic structures in the presence of EM field emissions, and to on-chip propagation within monolithic integrated circuits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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123. HIV-1 Infection in Cyprus, the Eastern Mediterranean European Frontier: A Densely Sampled Transmission Dynamics Analysis from 1986 to 2012

Author

Pineda-Peña, A.-C. (Andrea-Clemencia), Theys, K. (Kristof), Stylianou, D.C. (Dora C.), Demetriades, I. (I.), Puchhammer, E. (Elisabeth), Vandamme, A.M. (Anne Mieke), Aleksiev, I. (Ivailo), Lepej, S.Z. (Snjezana), Linka, M. (Marek), Fonager, J. (Jannik), Liitsola, K. (Kirsi), Kaiser, R. (Rolf), Hamouda, O. (Osamah), Paraskevis, D. (Dimitrios), Coughlan, S. (Suzie), Grossman, Z. (Zehava), Mor, O. (Orna), Zazzi, M. (Maurizio), Griskevicius, A. (Algirdas), Lipnickiene, V., Devaux, C. (Carole), Boucher, C. (Charles), Hofstra, M. (Marije), Wensing, A. (Amj), Bakken-Kran, A.-M. (Anne-Marte), Horban, A. (Andrzej), Camacho, R.J. (Ricardo Jorge), Paraschiv, C. (Corina), Otelea, D. (Dan), Stanojevic, M. (Maja), Stanekova, D. (Danica), Poljak, M. (Mario), Garcia, F. (Federico), Paredes, R. (Roger), Albert, J. (Jan), Abecasis, A.B. (Ana), Kostrikis, L.G. (Leondios), Pineda-Peña, A.-C. (Andrea-Clemencia), Theys, K. (Kristof), Stylianou, D.C. (Dora C.), Demetriades, I. (I.), Puchhammer, E. (Elisabeth), Vandamme, A.M. (Anne Mieke), Aleksiev, I. (Ivailo), Lepej, S.Z. (Snjezana), Linka, M. (Marek), Fonager, J. (Jannik), Liitsola, K. (Kirsi), Kaiser, R. (Rolf), Hamouda, O. (Osamah), Paraskevis, D. (Dimitrios), Coughlan, S. (Suzie), Grossman, Z. (Zehava), Mor, O. (Orna), Zazzi, M. (Maurizio), Griskevicius, A. (Algirdas), Lipnickiene, V., Devaux, C. (Carole), Boucher, C. (Charles), Hofstra, M. (Marije), Wensing, A. (Amj), Bakken-Kran, A.-M. (Anne-Marte), Horban, A. (Andrzej), Camacho, R.J. (Ricardo Jorge), Paraschiv, C. (Corina), Otelea, D. (Dan), Stanojevic, M. (Maja), Stanekova, D. (Danica), Poljak, M. (Mario), Garcia, F. (Federico), Paredes, R. (Roger), Albert, J. (Jan), Abecasis, A.B. (Ana), and Kostrikis, L.G. (Leondios)

Abstract

Since HIV-1 treatment is increasingly considered an effective preventionstrategy, it is important to study local HIV-1 epidemics to formulate tailored preventionpolicies. The prevalence of HIV-1 in Cyprus was historically low until 2005. To investigatethe shift in epidemiological trends, we studied the transmission dynamics of HIV-1 in Cyprususing a densely sampled Cypriot HIV-1 transmission cohort that included 85 percent ofHIV-1-infected individuals linked to clinical care between 1986 and 2012 based on detailedclinical, epidemiological, behavioral and HIV-1 genetic information. Subtyping andtransmission cluster reconstruction were performed using maximum likelihood and Bayesianmethods, and the transmission chain network was linked to the clinical, epidemiological andbehavioral data. The results reveal that for the main HIV-1 subtype A1 and B sub-epidemics,young and drug-naïve HIV-1-infected individuals in Cyprus are driving the dynamics of thelocal HIV-1 epidemic. The results of this study provide a better understanding of thedynamics of the HIV-1 infection in Cyprus, which may impact the development of preventionstrategies. Furthermore, this methodology for analyzing densely sampled transmissiondynamics is applicable to other geographic regions to implement effective HIV-1 preventionstrategies in local settings.

Published
2018
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124. Five years of monitoring for the emergence of oseltamivir resistance in patients with influenza A infections in the Influenza Resistance Information Study

Author

Lina, B. (Bruno), Boucher, C. (Charles), Osterhaus, A. (Albert), Monto, A. (Arnold), Schutten, M. (Martin), Whitley, R.J. (Richard J.), Nguyen-Van-Tam, J.S. (Jonathan), Lina, B. (Bruno), Boucher, C. (Charles), Osterhaus, A. (Albert), Monto, A. (Arnold), Schutten, M. (Martin), Whitley, R.J. (Richard J.), and Nguyen-Van-Tam, J.S. (Jonathan)

Abstract

Background and objectives: The Influenza Resistance Information Study (IRIS) was initiated in 2008 to study the emergence of neuraminidase inhibitor (NAI) resistance and the clinical course of influenza in immunocompetent treated and untreated patients. Methods: Patients had throat/nose swabs collected on days 1, 3, 6 and 10 for analyses of influenza type, subtype and virus susceptibility to NAIs. RT-PCR-positive samples were cultured and tested for NAI resistance by specific RT-PCR and phenotypic testing. Scores for influenza symptoms were recorded on diary cards (Days 1-10). This study focuses on influenza A-infected cases only. Results: Among 3230 RT-PCR-positive patients, 2316 had influenza A of whom 1216 received oseltamivir monotherapy within 2 days of symptom onset (9 seasonal H1N1; 662 H3N2; 545 H1N1pdm2009). Except for 9 patients with naturally resistant seasonal H1N1 (2008/9), no resistance was detected in Day 1 samples. Emergence of resistance (post-Day 1) was detected in 43/1207 (3.56%) oseltamivir-treated influenza A-infected patients, with a higher frequency in 1- to 5-year-olds (11.8%) vs >5-year-olds (1.4%). All N1- and N2-resistant viruses had H275Y (n = 27) or R292K (n = 16) substitutions, respectively. For 43 patients, virus clearance was significantly delayed vs treated patients with susceptible viruses (8.1 vs 10.9 days; P < .0001), and 11 (23.2%) remained RT-PCR positive for influenza at Day 10. However, their symptoms resolved by Day 6 or earlier. Conclusions: Oseltamivir resistance was only detected during antiviral treatment, with the highest incidence occurring among 1- to 5-year-olds. Resistance delayed viral clearance, but had no impact on symptom resolution.

Published
2018
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125. Investigating the potential of bacteriophage induction and phage-derived enzymes as alternative antibacterial approaches

Author

Lee, Ji-Yun, Bragg, R. R., Boucher, C. E., Theron, C. W., Lee, Ji-Yun, Bragg, R. R., Boucher, C. E., and Theron, C. W.

Abstract

Since their discovery in the 1920s, antibiotics have saved generations of people from succumbing to bacterial infections. Antibiotic usage has resulted in increased antibiotic resistance which has become a problem in various fields and industries. Without effective antibiotics, even simple bacterial infections can be fatal and this has the potential to create a post-antibiotic era where fatalities from currently controlled bacterial infections will become normal. This also extends to the poultry industry where Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) are known to affect the market due to colibacillosis and resulting in poor quality meat and egg products. As bans against antibiotics used in the growth of food animals are established there is a necessity for alternative treatment options. One of the potential solutions is harnessing the power of bacteriophages which are viruses that infect bacteria and proliferate within them. Bacteriophage therapy has been developing and the diverse use of bacteriophages in treatment of bacterial infections ranges from using the whole bacteriophage within its packaged virion, to only parts of the bacteriophage such as proteins/enzymes. Some of the challenges of using bacteriophage cocktails for therapy, extended also to the treatment of APECs, are the myriad environmental conditions that bacteriophages require to proliferate in a host. In this thesis, the use of lysogenic bacteriophages and the heterologous expression of bacteriophage endolysins were investigated as alternative treatments against bacteria. Screening PCRs in combination with induction of prophages within lysogenic bacteria were used to determine whether temperate bacteriophages could be used and genetically manipulated to remain in lysis and therefore be used in therapy or treatment. Potential lysogens were induced using UV-, heat- and mitomycin C inducers. Heterologous expression of bacteriophage proteins was performed through both bacterial expression and yeast expr, National Research Foundation (NRF)

Published
2018

130. Flight demonstration of flight termination system and solid rocket motor ignition using semiconductor laser initiated ordnance

Author

Schulze, Norman R, Maxfield, B, and Boucher, C

Subjects
Spacecraft Propulsion And Power
Abstract

Solid State Laser Initiated Ordnance (LIO) offers new technology having potential for enhanced safety, reduced costs, and improved operational efficiency. Concerns over the absence of programmatic applications of the technology, which has prevented acceptance by flight programs, should be abated since LIO has now been operationally implemented by the Laser Initiated Ordnance Sounding Rocket Demonstration (LOSRD) Program. The first launch of solid state laser diode LIO at the NASA Wallops Flight Facility (WFF) occurred on March 15, 1995 with all mission objectives accomplished. This project, Phase 3 of a series of three NASA Headquarters LIO demonstration initiatives, accomplished its objective by the flight of a dedicated, all-LIO sounding rocket mission using a two-stage Nike-Orion launch vehicle. LIO flight hardware, made by The Ensign-Bickford Company under NASA's first Cooperative Agreement with Profit Making Organizations, safely initiated three demanding pyrotechnic sequence events, namely, solid rocket motor ignition from the ground and in flight, and flight termination, i.e., as a Flight Termination System (FTS). A flight LIO system was designed, built, tested, and flown to support the objectives of quickly and inexpensively putting LIO through ground and flight operational paces. The hardware was fully qualified for this mission, including component testing as well as a full-scale system test. The launch accomplished all mission objectives in less than 11 months from proposal receipt. This paper concentrates on accomplishments of the ordnance aspects of the program and on the program's implementation and results. While this program does not generically qualify LIO for all applications, it demonstrated the safety, technical, and operational feasibility of those two most demanding applications, using an all solid state safe and arm system in critical flight applications.

Published
1995

132. Transmission of drug-resistant HIV-1 in Europe remains limited to single classes

Author

Wensing, A, Vercauteren, J, Van De Vijver, D, Albert, J, Åsjö, B, Balotta, C, Camacho, R, Coughlan, S, Grossman, Z, Horban, A, Kücherer, C, Nielsen, C, Paraskevis, D, Loke, W, Poggensee, G, Puchhammer Stöckl, E, Riva, C, Ruiz, L, Schmit, J, Schuurman, R, Salminen, M, Sonnerborg, A, Stanojevic, M, Struck, D, Vandamme, A, Boucher, C, TRAMUTO, Fabio, VITALE, Francesco, Wensing, A, Vercauteren, J, Van De Vijver, D, Albert, J, Åsjö, B, Balotta, C, Camacho, R, Coughlan, S, Grossman, Z, Horban, A, Kücherer, C, Nielsen, C, Paraskevis, D, Loke, W, Poggensee, G, Puchhammer Stöckl, E, Riva, C, Ruiz, L, Schmit, J, Schuurman, R, Salminen, M, Sonnerborg, A, Stanojevic, M, Struck, D, Vandamme, A, Boucher, C, Tramuto, F, Vitale, F, and Internal Medicine

Subjects
Male, Genes, Viral, medicine.medical_treatment, Resistance, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hiv-1, HIV Infections, Drug resistance, Settore MED/42 - Igiene Generale E Applicata, medicine.disease_cause, Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor, Genotype, Prevalence, Immunology and Allergy, HIV Infection, Israel, risk, immunodeficiency-virus type-1, Transmission (medicine), transmission, persistence, Middle Aged, Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor, Europe, Infectious Diseases, primary infection, Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors, Female, europe, Human, Adult, Risk, Logistic Model, prevalence, Immunology, Biology, resistance, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Drug Resistance, Viral, Disease Transmission, Infectious, medicine, Humans, Transmission, HIV Protease Inhibitor, time trends, therapy, Chi-Square Distribution, Protease, HIV Protease Inhibitors, load, mutations, Virology, Confidence interval, Reverse transcriptase, Logistic Models, Disease Transmission, Infectiou, Mutation, HIV-1
Abstract

BACKGROUND: The spread of drug-resistant HIV-1 might compromise the future success of current first-line regimens. OBJECTIVE: To analyse the extent and impact of transmission of drug-resistant HIV-1 variants in Europe. DESIGN AND METHODS: The European prospective programme (SPREAD) collected demographic, clinical and virological data from 1245 HIV-1-infected individuals in 17 countries diagnosed in 2002-2003. The potential impact of transmitted drug resistance mutations (TDRMs) on therapy response was determined by using genotypic interpretation algorithms. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of viruses with drug-resistance mutations was 9.1% [96/1050; 95% confidence interval: 7.5-11.1]. The majority (71%) harboured only a single amino acid substitution with limited effect on predicted drug susceptibility. Mutations associated with resistance to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors were observed most frequently [57/1050 (5.4%)], followed by mutations related to protease inhibitors [32/1050 (3.0%)] and mutations related to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) [27/1050 (2.6%)].In some cases, however, resistance was quite extensive. Four individuals were infected with viruses with reduced susceptibility to all nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, 3 to all protease inhibitors and 20 to both NNRTIs. Remarkably, in one individual, the resistance pattern was so extensive that none of the available current antiretroviral drugs was predicted to be fully active. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of TDRM-HIV is quite prominent (9.1%) but did not increase in comparison with a large retrospective European study. Particularly the presence of single NNRTI mutations may impact the efficacy of the first-line regimens. Continuous prospective monitoring remains indicated to explore the patterns and factors contributing to the transmission of TDRMs as well as the potential clinical consequences. © 2008 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.

Published
2008

134. Primary resistance to integrase strand-transfer inhibitors in Europe

Author

Moutschen, M., Casadellà, M., van Ham, P. M., Noguera-Julian, M., van Kessel, A., Pou, C., Hofstra, Laura Marije Arije, Santos, J. R., Garcia, F., Struck, D., Alexiev, Ivailo, Bakken Kran, A. M., Hoepelman, A. I., Kostrikis, Leontios G., Somogyi, Sybille, Liitsola, K., Linka, M., Nielsen, C., Otelea, D., Paraskevis, Dimitrios N., Poljak, M., Puchhammer-Stöckl, E., Staneková, D., Stanojevic, M., Van Laethem, K., Zidovec Lepej, S., Clotet, B., Boucher, C. A. B., Paredes, R., Wensing, A. M. J., Sarcletti, M., Schmied, B., Geit, M., Balluch, G., Vandamme, A. M., Vercauteren, J., Derdelinckx, I., Sasse, A., Bogaert, M., Ceunen, H., De Roo, A., De Wit, S., Echahidi, F., Fransen, K., Goffard, J. C., Goubau, P., Goudeseune, E., Yombi, J. C., Lacor, P., Liesnard, C., Pierard, D., Rens, R., Schrooten, Y., Vaira, D., Vandekerckhove, L. P., Van den Heuvel, A., Van Der Gucht, B., Van Ranst, M., Van Wijngaerden, E., Vandercam, B., Vekemans, M., Verhofstede, C., Clumeck, N., Beshkov, Danail, Begovac, J., Demetriades, Ioannis, Kousiappa, Ioanna, Demetriou, Victoria L., Hezka, Johana, Machala, L., Maly, M., Jørgensen, L. B., Gerstoft, J., Mathiesen, L., Pedersen, C., Nielsen, H., Laursen, A., Kvinesdal, B., Ristola, M., Suni, J., Sutinen, J., Hamouda, O., Kücherer, C., Berg, T., Braun, P., Poggensee, G., Däumer, M., Eberle, J., Heiken, H., Kaiser, R., Knechten, H., Korn, K., Müller, H., Neifer, S., Schmidt, B., Walter, H., Gunsenheimer-Bartmeyer, B., Harrer, T., Hatzakis, Angelos E., Magiorkinis, Emmanouil N., Hatzitheodorou, Eleni, Haida, Catherine, Zavitsanou, Assimina, Magiorkinis, Gkikas, Lazanas, Marios C., Chini, Maria C., Magafas, N., Tsogas, Nickolaos, Paparizos, Vassilios A., Kourkounti, Sofia, Antoniadou, Anastasia C., Papadopoulos, Antonios I., Panagopoulos, Periklis, Poulakou, Garyphallia G., Sakka, V., Chryssos, Georgios, Drimis, Stylianos, Gargalianos, Panagiotis, Lelekis, Moyssis I., Chilomenos, G., Psichogiou, Mina A., Daikos, George L., Sabatakou, H., Panos, George, Haratsis, G., Kordossis, Theodore, Kontos, Athanasios N., Koratzanis, Georgios, Theodoridou, Maria C., Mostrou, Glykeria J., Spoulou, Vana I., Schmit, J. C., Hemmer, R., Arendt, V., Staub, T., Schneider, F., Roman, F., Wensing, A. M., Boucher, C. A., van de Vijver, D. A., van, P. H., Brinkman, K., Op de, E. L., van der Ende, M. E., Hoepelman, I. M., van Kasteren, M., Juttmann, J., Kuipers, M., Langebeek, N., Richter, C., Santegoets, R. M., Schrijnders-Gudde, L., Schuurman, R., van de Ven, B. J., Åsjö, Birgitta, Bakken, A. M., Ormaasen, V., Aavitsland, P., Paraschiv, S., Tudor, A. M., Jevtovic, D., Salemovic, D., Stanekova, D., Habekova, M., Mokráš, Miloš, Truska, P., Lunar, M., Babic, Dunja Z., Tomazic, J., Vidmar, L., Vovko, T., Karner, P., Domingo, P., Galindo, M. J., Miralles, C., Del, M. A., Ribera, E., Iribarren, J. A., Ruiz, L., de la Torre, J., Vidal, F., Kostrikis, Leontios G. [0000-0002-5340-7109], and Paraskevis, Dimitrios [0000-0001-6167-7152]

Subjects
sequence analysis, genotype, Human immunodeficiency virus 1, HIV Infections, RNA directed DNA polymerase inhibitor, integrase strand transfer inhibitor, HIV Integrase, molecular epidemiology, Human immunodeficiency virus prevalence, Risk Factors, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, genetic variability, genetics, Stanford HIVdb score, clinical trial, Human immunodeficiency virus infected patient, highly active antiretroviral therapy, Viral Load, unclassified drug, virology, health survey, dolutegravir, Europe, female, risk factor, Population Surveillance, virus gene, raltegravir, amino acid substitution, p31 integrase protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1, DNA sequence, gene sequence, Article, male, antiviral resistance, Drug Resistance, Viral, proteinase inhibitor, Humans, cross-sectional study, controlled study, human, HIV Integrase Inhibitors, quality control, scoring system, CD4 lymphocyte count, integrase inhibitor, Sequence Analysis, DNA, virus load, nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, Human immunodeficiency virus 1 infection, major clinical study, drug efficacy, Cross-Sectional Studies, multicenter study, drug effects, genetic variation, HIV-1, integrase
Abstract

Objectives: The objective of this study was to define the natural genotypic variation of the HIV-1 integrase gene across Europe for epidemiological surveillance of integrase strand-transfer inhibitor (InSTI) resistance. Methods: This was a multicentre, cross-sectional study within the European SPREAD HIV resistance surveillance programme. A representative set of 300 samples was selected from 1950 naive HIV-positive subjects newly diagnosed in 2006-07. The prevalence of InSTI resistance was evaluated using quality-controlled baseline population sequencing of integrase. Signature raltegravir, elvitegravir and dolutegravir resistance mutations were defined according to the IAS-USA 2014 list. In addition, all integrase substitutions relative to HXB2 were identified, including those with a Stanford HIVdb score=10 to at least one InSTI. To rule out circulation of minority InSTIresistant HIV, 65 samples were selected for 454 integrase sequencing. Results: For the population sequencing analysis, 278 samples were retrieved and successfully analysed. No signature resistance mutations to any of the InSTIswere detected. Eleven (4%) subjects hadmutations at resistance-associated positions with an HIVdb score =10. Of the 56 samples successfully analysed with 454 sequencing, no InSTI signature mutationsweredetected, whereas integrase substitutionswithanHIVdbscore=10were found in8(14.3%) individuals. Conclusions:No signature InSTI-resistant variantswere circulating in Europe before the introduction of InSTIs. However, polymorphisms contributing to InSTI resistancewere not rare. As InSTI use becomes more widespread, continuous surveillance of primary InSTI resistance is warranted. These data will be key to modelling the kinetics of InSTI resistance transmission in Europe in the coming years. © The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. All rights reserved. 70 2885 2888 Cited By :15

Published
2015

135. Learning Disabled and Emotionally Disturbed: Will the Labels Affect Teacher Planning?

Author

Boucher, C. Robin and Deno, Stanley L.

Abstract

Results of this study indicate most child characteristics are considered by teachers to be relevant to learning disabled (LD) or emotionally disturbed (ED) labels. Teachers can treat LD and ED constructs as mutually exclusive when deciding eligibility for special services and as mutually inclusive when making program-planning decisions. (Author)

Published
1979

136. Teacher Attributioning in Decision Making.

Author

Boucher, C. Robin

Abstract

Investigated teacher attribution of the nature of the handicapped child's problem by ED or LD handicap label and strength of expectancy as a function of amount and type of information. Type and valence, rather than just amount of information, appeared to be more influential of attributioning in decision making. (Author/RC)

Published
1981

137. Formative Testing to Teach Children with Learning Problems.

Author

Boucher, C. Robin

Abstract

The author describes an assessment model which applies a databased, criterion-referenced formative testing approach to define learning problems, determine teaching strategies, and evaluate progress in learning disabled students. Three case studies illustrate the procedures for implementing the approach. (SB)

Published
1982

139. Étude observationnelle française pour évaluer la corrélation entre l’expression des récepteurs à la somatostatine, le signal IRM et l’efficacité d’octréotide LP et de pasiréotide LP dans l’acromégalie : rationnel et design de l’étude EOLIA

Author

Raverot, G., primary, Bonneville, J.F., additional, Vasiljevic, A., additional, Barlier, A., additional, Brailly-Tabard, S., additional, Potorac, J., additional, Filipovics, A., additional, Boucher, C., additional, Figarella-Branger, D., additional, and Chanson, P., additional

Published
2018
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143. Treatment of hepatitis C monoinfection in adults - Dutch national guidelines

Author

Lamers, M. H., Broekman, M. M. T. J., Boucher, C. A., Brouwer, J. T., Burger, D. M., Bart van Hoek, Hoepelman, A. I. M., Knegt, R. J., Reesink, H. W., and Drenth, J. P. H.

Subjects
Molecular gastro-enterology and hepatology Membrane transport and intracellular motility [IGMD 2], Molecular gastro-enterology and hepatology [IGMD 2], Poverty-related infectious diseases Infectious diseases and international health [N4i 3]
Abstract

Item does not contain fulltext In this new Dutch guideline for hepatitis C virus infection we provide recommendations for the management of hepatitis C infection. Until 2012 the standard for treatment consisted of pegylated interferon alpha (peg-IFNa) and ribavirin. The advent of first-generation direct antiviral agents such as boceprevir and telaprevir has changed the concept of treatment of adult chronic hepatitis C genotype 1 infected patients. There are three benefits of boceprevir and telaprevir. They increase the likelihood of cure in 1) naive genotype 1 patients and 2) in patients who did not respond to earlier treatment with peg-IFNa and ribavirin, while 3) allowing shortening of treatment duration from 48 weeks to 24 or 28 weeks, which is possible in 40-60% of non-cirrhotic naive (boceprevir and telaprevir) and relapsing patients (telaprevir). The use of boceprevir and telaprevir is associated with multiple side effects and awareness of these side effects is needed to guide the patient through the treatment process. This guideline, formulated on behalf of The Netherlands Association of Hepato-gastroenterologists, The Netherlands Association of Internal Medicine, and The Dutch Association for the Study of Liver Disease, serves as a manual for physicians for the management and treatment of acute and chronic hepatitis C virus monoinfection in adults.

Published
2013

145. High dose versus low dose opioid epidural regimens for pain relief in labour [Protocol].

Author

Jordan, Susan, Murphy, Fiona A., Boucher, C., Davies, S., Brown, A., Watkins, A., de Lloyd, L .J., Morgan, M., Morgan, C., Jordan, Susan, Murphy, Fiona A., Boucher, C., Davies, S., Brown, A., Watkins, A., de Lloyd, L .J., Morgan, M., and Morgan, C.

Abstract

peer-reviewed, This is the protocol for a review and there is no abstract. The objectives are as follows: 1. To compare the effects (see outcomes below) of different total* doses (in terms of boluses, concentration, volume and timeframe) of opioid epidural (excluding combined-spinal epidural and intrathecal) analgesia administered (alone or as adjunctive) during labour on the woman and the infant. 2. To compare the safety (see outcomes below) of different total* doses (as above) of opioid epidural analgesia administered during labour for the woman and the infant. *We define ‘total’ as the sum of all boluses and infusions (concentration, volume and timeframe) administered between onset of labour (as defined by authors) and delivery. If analgesia post-delivery is reported, we shall describe this separately. We shall undertake secondary analyses of drug concentrations and volumes, see Types of interventions. However, since opioids pass into the fetus, and may accumulate, total dose is an important consideration for infant adverse events, such as drowsiness. (see Why it is important to do this review)., PUBLISHED, peer-reviewed

Published
2017

146. Ending the epidemic:Critical role of primary HIV infection

Author

Prins, H A B, Verbon, A, Boucher, C A B, Rokx, C, Prins, H A B, Verbon, A, Boucher, C A B, and Rokx, C

Abstract

Early identification and immediate treatment of individuals newly infected with HIV is important for two reasons: it benefits the long-term health of the infected patient, and it reduces onward HIV transmission. Primary HIV infection (PHI) reflects the period following HIV acquisition during which viraemia bursts until the establishment of a stable plasma HIV-RNA level approximately six months post infection. During this period, patients are particularly contagious and are often unaware of the infection. As a consequence, PHI disproportionally affects onward transmission. During PHI the immune system is irreparably damaged and persistent viral reservoirs are formed. Initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) during PHI could potentially lead to a functional cure through early and prolonged viral suppression. Unfortunately, symptoms of PHI are nonspecific and the diagnosis is frequently missed. This impedes timely diagnosis and prompt initiation of ART. To increase awareness and underscore the importance of immediate ART initiation, we describe here the pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and impact of treating PHI.

Published
2017

147. Expression of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) virulence factors, Iss and HlyF, as potential sub-unit vaccine candidates

Author

Van der Westhuizen, Wouter Andre, Bragg, R. R., Boucher, C. E., Theron, C. W., Van der Westhuizen, Wouter Andre, Bragg, R. R., Boucher, C. E., and Theron, C. W.

Abstract

Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is the causative agent of colibacillosis in poultry and leads to economic losses in the poultry industry. Due to rising concerns of antibiotic resistance and antibiotic carry-over into food, bans have been implemented on antibiotic use in animal production. The process of discovering new antibiotics and having them registered and approved can take up to eight years, and their application will most likely be limited to human-use. Alternative therapies for the control of bacterial diseases in animals, including poultry, are therefore becoming increasingly important. Alternative treatment options could include the use of bacteriophages, bacteriophage enzymes, essential oils and vaccines. Bacterial vaccines are generally based on whole bacterial cells, and in the case of commensal bacteria such as E. coli, this can lead to poor gut health. Therefore, the need for highly specific bacterial vaccines are required, such as sub-unit vaccines containing only antigens found in pathogenic strains of E. coli. Various virulence genes have been found in APEC that contribute to the pathogenicity of the strains. Five of these genes have been found to be highly prevalent in most clinical cases of avian colibacillosis. In this study, two of these genes were selected as potential candidates for sub-unit vaccine development, namely increased serum survival (iss) and haemolysin F (hlyF). The increased serum survival gene, an outer-membrane protein of APEC, was successfully expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3) using the pET28b(+) vector system, although the protein was mostly water-insoluble due to hydrophobic N -and C-terminals. The sequence of iss was then modified to create a truncated version of the gene encoding the hydrophilic region of the gene, also the potential epitope of the Iss antigen, to improve solubility during over-expression. Water-soluble truncated Iss was produced in conjunction with the full Iss protein, solubilised using a zwitteri, National Research Foundation (NRF)

Published
2017

148. Virulence factors of Lactococcus garvieae isolated from South African rainbow trout

Author

Meyburgh, Cornelia Magdalena, Boucher, C. E., Bragg, R. R., Meyburgh, Cornelia Magdalena, Boucher, C. E., and Bragg, R. R.

Abstract

Bacterial infections cause severe economic loss in the rapidly growing aquaculture industry. Lactococcus garvieae, a Gram-positive bacterium, causes lethal, hyperacute septicaemia in numerous fish species of importance to aquaculture worldwide. The virulence factors of this pathogen is not well understood, although the exopolysaccharide (EPS) capsule is considered the most important virulence determinant. A conserved metabolic enzyme, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), may function as a virulence factor of L. garvieae via the phenomenon of “moonlighting”, a term that refers to the ability of a protein to perform more than one function. Previous investigations have also identified L. garvieae GAPDH as an antigen, suggesting that GAPDH is localised to the extracellular environment. The general aim of this study was to improve the current understanding of factors contributing to L. garvieae virulence by means of the following objectives:  Identify putative virulence factor genes of South African L. garvieae isolates by PCR and sequencing.  Identify extracellular proteins from South African L. garvieae isolates.  Clone, express and purify L. garvieae GAPDH.  Identify putative ligands to recombinant GAPDH using a commercially available random peptide phage display library. Isolates obtained from diseased rainbow trout (Oncorynchus mykiss) from locations in present day Gauteng and Mpumalanga, South Africa, were screened for the presence of a set of putative virulence factor genes by PCR. The presence of EPS capsules were tested by negative staining and amplification of EPS biosynthesis genes by PCR. All virulence factor genes were found in the isolates tested, including an avirulent strain NCFB 657. However, negative staining indicated the absence of EPS capsules in the virulent isolates and NCFB 657 and EPS biosynthesis genes could not be amplified. Extracellular proteins detected and identified by LC/MS-MS included L-lactate dehydrogenase, enolase, 60, University of the Free State (Department of Microbial, Biochemical and Food Biotechnology)

Published
2017

149. HIV testing week 2015:Lowering barriers for HIV testing among high-risk groups in Amsterdam

Author

Bartelsman, M., Joore, I. K., van Bergen, J. E., Hogewoning, A. A., Zuure, F. R., van Veen, M. G., Oomen, A., Prins, J. M., Smit, P. J., van Agtmael, M., Bezemer, D., Blok, W. L., Boucher, C. A.B., Burger, D., de Bruin, M., Dijkstra, M., Goorhuis, A., Groot, M., Gruters, R. A., van der Helm, J. J., Kroon, F. P., Mahmoudi, T., van der Meer, J. T., Mulder, J., Nobel, H., Peters, E., van Rooijen, M. S., Veenstra, J., Verbon, A., Verhagen, D., Visser, G., de Vries, H. J., van Vugt, M., Wit, F. W., van Zelm, M. C., Bartelsman, M., Joore, I. K., van Bergen, J. E., Hogewoning, A. A., Zuure, F. R., van Veen, M. G., Oomen, A., Prins, J. M., Smit, P. J., van Agtmael, M., Bezemer, D., Blok, W. L., Boucher, C. A.B., Burger, D., de Bruin, M., Dijkstra, M., Goorhuis, A., Groot, M., Gruters, R. A., van der Helm, J. J., Kroon, F. P., Mahmoudi, T., van der Meer, J. T., Mulder, J., Nobel, H., Peters, E., van Rooijen, M. S., Veenstra, J., Verbon, A., Verhagen, D., Visser, G., de Vries, H. J., van Vugt, M., Wit, F. W., and van Zelm, M. C.

Abstract

Background: Evaluation of the HIV Testing Week (HTW) 2015 in Amsterdam: the number of (positive) tested persons, characteristics and testing history of the tested population, the differences in attendance per location and the healthcare workers' experiences and opinions concerning the HTW. Methods: The HTW took place from 28 November till 4 December 2015. Anonymous HIV rapid testing (INSTI™ HIV1/HIV2 Ab test or Determine™ HIV-1/2 Ag/Ab test) was offered free of charge at four hospitals, 12 general practitioner (GP) clinics, a sexually transmitted infections (STI) clinic, a laboratory, sites of a community-based organisation, and at outreach locations. Home-based testing (OraQuick® In-Home HIV Test) was offered online. The focus was to motivate two groups to test: men who have sex with men (MSM) and non-Western migrants. Questionnaires regarding participant's characteristics and HIV testing history were collected. Also healthcare workers were asked to complete a questionnaire evaluating the HTW. Results: In total, 1231 participants were tested. With three positive HIV tests, the detection rate was 0.3% (95%CI 0.26-0.37). Of all participants, 24.7% (304/1231) were MSM. Respectively, 22.3% (275/1231) and 15.7% (193/1231) were first- and second-generation migrants from a non-Western country. Altogether, 56.7% (698/1231) of participants belonged to one of the targeted risk groups. For 32.7% (402/1231) of participants, it was the first time they received testing, and 35.1% (432/1231) were tested more than 1 year ago. Among MSM 13.2% were tested for the first time, among first- and second-generation non-Western migrants this percentage was significantly higher at 27.2% and 33.5% respectively (p < 0.01). The number of tested participants per location varied widely, especially between GP clinics (range 3-63). Healthcare workers were positive about the HTW: about half (46.2%) stated they would more readily offer an HIV test following their experience with the HTW. Concl

Published
2017

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