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581 results on '"Bortolato, Marco"'

102. The 5α-reductase inhibitor finasteride reduces opioid self-administration

Author

Bosse, Gabriel D., primary, Cadeddu, Roberto, additional, Floris, Gabriele, additional, Farero, Ryan D., additional, Vigato, Eva, additional, Lee, Suhjung J., additional, Zhang, Tejia, additional, Gaikwad, Nilesh W., additional, Keefe, Kristen A., additional, Philips, Paul E.M., additional, Bortolato, Marco, additional, and Peterson, Randall T., additional

Published
2020
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107. Allopregnanolone: The missing link to explain the effects of stress on tic exacerbation?

Author

Bortolato, Marco, Coffey, Barbara J., Gabbay, Vilma, and Scheggi, Simona

Subjects
*PREGNANOLONE, *ACUTE stress disorder, *MOOD (Psychology), *TIC disorders, *POST-traumatic stress disorder
Abstract

The neurosteroid allopregnanolone (3α‐hydroxy‐5α‐pregnan‐20‐one; AP) elicits pleiotropic effects in the central nervous system, ranging from neuroprotective and anti‐inflammatory functions to the regulation of mood and emotional responses. Several lines of research show that the brain rapidly produces AP in response to acute stress to reduce the allostatic load and enhance coping. These effects not only are likely mediated by GABAA receptor activation but also result from the contributions of other mechanisms, such as the stimulation of membrane progesterone receptors. In keeping with this evidence, AP has been shown to exert rapid, potent antidepressant properties and has been recently approved for the therapy of moderate‐to‐severe postpartum depression. In addition to depression, emerging evidence points to the potential of AP as a therapy for other neuropsychiatric disorders, including anxiety, seizures, post‐traumatic stress disorder and cognitive problems. Although this evidence has spurred interest in further therapeutic applications of AP, some investigations suggest that this neurosteroid may also be associated with adverse events in specific disorders. For example, our group has recently documented that AP increases tic‐like manifestations in several animal models of tic disorders; furthermore, our results indicate that inhibiting AP synthesis and signalling reduces the exacerbation of tic severity associated with acute stress. Although the specific mechanisms of these effects remain partially elusive, our findings point to the possibility that the GABAergic activation by AP may also lead to disinhibitory effects, which could interfere with the ability of patients to suppress their tics. Future studies will be necessary to verify whether these mechanisms may apply to other externalising manifestations, such as impulse‐control problems and manic symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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110. The Steroidogenesis Inhibitor Finasteride Reduces the Response to Both Stressful and Rewarding Stimuli

Author

Godar, Sean C., primary, Cadeddu, Roberto, additional, Floris, Gabriele, additional, Mosher, Laura J., additional, Mi, Zhen, additional, Jarmolowicz, David P., additional, Scheggi, Simona, additional, Walf, Alicia A., additional, Koonce, Carolyn J., additional, Frye, Cheryl A., additional, Muma, Nancy A., additional, and Bortolato, Marco, additional

Published
2019
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112. Gene-environment interactions in antisocial behavior are mediated by early-life 5-HT2A receptor activation

Author

Godar, Sean C., primary, Mosher, Laura J., additional, Scheggi, Simona, additional, Devoto, Paola, additional, Moench, Kelly M., additional, Strathman, Hunter J., additional, Jones, Cori M., additional, Frau, Roberto, additional, Melis, Miriam, additional, Gambarana, Carla, additional, Wilkinson, Brent, additional, DeMontis, M. Graziella, additional, Fowler, Stephen C., additional, Coba, Marcelo P., additional, Wellman, Cara L., additional, Shih, Jean C., additional, and Bortolato, Marco, additional

Published
2019
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116. 5alpha-reductase inhibitors dampen L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia via normalization of dopamine D1-receptor signaling pathway and D1-D3 receptor interaction

Author

Fanni, Silvia, primary, Scheggi, Simona, additional, Rossi, Francesca, additional, Tronci, Elisabetta, additional, Traccis, Francesco, additional, Stancampiano, Roberto, additional, De Montis, Maria Graziella, additional, Devoto, Paola, additional, Gambarana, Carla, additional, Bortolato, Marco, additional, Frau, Roberto, additional, and Carta, Manolo, additional

Published
2019
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130. The 5-alpha reductase inhibitor finasteride reduces dyskinesia in a rat model of Parkinson's disease

Author

Frau, Roberto, primary, Savoia, Paola, additional, Fanni, Silvia, additional, Fiorentini, Chiara, additional, Fidalgo, Camino, additional, Tronci, Elisabetta, additional, Stancampiano, Roberto, additional, Meloni, Mario, additional, Cannas, Antonino, additional, Marrosu, Francesco, additional, Bortolato, Marco, additional, Devoto, Paola, additional, Missale, Cristina, additional, and Carta, Manolo, additional

Published
2017
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131. The Neurosteroidogenic Enzyme 5α-Reductase Mediates Psychotic-Like Complications of Sleep Deprivation

Author

Frau, Roberto, primary, Bini, Valentina, additional, Soggiu, Alessio, additional, Scheggi, Simona, additional, Pardu, Alessandra, additional, Fanni, Silvia, additional, Roncada, Paola, additional, Puligheddu, Monica, additional, Marrosu, Francesco, additional, Caruso, Donatella, additional, Devoto, Paola, additional, and Bortolato, Marco, additional

Published
2017
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132. Tobacco and cannabis use in college students are predicted by sex‐dimorphic interactions between MAOA genotype and child abuse.

Author

Fite, Paula J., Brown, Shaquanna, Hossain, Waheeda, Manzardo, Ann, Butler, Merlin G., and Bortolato, Marco

Subjects
TOBACCO & cancer, COLLEGE students, PSYCHOLOGICAL abuse, PHYSICAL abuse, CHILD abuse, SEX crimes
Abstract

Summary: Background: Postsecondary students in Western countries exhibit a high prevalence of cannabis and tobacco use disorders. The etiology of these problems is contributed by several psychosocial factors, including childhood adversity and trauma; however, the mechanisms whereby these environmental determinants predispose to the use of these substances remain elusive, due to our poor knowledge of genetic and biological moderators. Converging evidence points to the monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) gene as a moderator of the effects of lifetime stress on the initiation of substance use. Aims: Building on these premises, in this study, we analyzed whether MAOA upstream variable number tandem repeat (uVNTR) alleles interact with child maltreatment history to predict for lifetime cannabis and tobacco consumption. Materials and methods: Five hundred college students (age: 18–25 years) from a large Midwestern University were surveyed for their child maltreatment history (encompassing emotional, physical, and sexual abuse, as well as emotional and physical neglect) and lifetime consumption of cannabis and tobacco. Saliva samples were obtained to determine the MAOA uVNTR genotype of each participant. Results: In female students, lifetime tobacco and cannabis use was predicted by the interaction of physical and emotional abuse with high‐activity MAOA allelic variants; conversely, in males, the interaction of low‐activity MAOA alleles and physical abuse was associated with lifetime use of tobacco, but not cannabis. Discussion: These findings collectively suggest that the vulnerability to smoke tobacco and cannabis is predicted by sex‐dimorphic interactions of MAOA gene with childhood abuse. Conclusion: These biosocial underpinnings of tobacco and cannabis use may prove important in the development of novel personalized preventive strategies for substance use disorders in adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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136. The Role of Functions of Aggression in Associations Between Behavioral Inhibition and Activation and Mental Health Outcomes.

Author

Pederson, Casey A., Fite, Paula J., and Bortolato, Marco

Subjects
AGGRESSION (Psychology), BEHAVIOR modification, MENTAL health
Abstract

While the behavioral acitivation system (BAS) has been most consistently linked to externalizing behaviors, the behavioral inhibition system (BIS) has been more closely related to internalizing outcomes. Proactive and reactive aggression have demonstrated a similar pattern of association, with proactive aggression more closely linked to externalizing behavior and reactive aggression more consistently linked to internalizing symptoms. Despite theoretical links, few studies have examined associations between these constructs. Accordingly, the current study examined associations between the BAS and BIS and proactive and reactive aggression, and the role of proactive and reactive aggression in the link between the BAS and BIS and mental health outcomes. The BAS was associated with both proactive and reactive aggression, while the BIS was uniquely related to reactive aggression. Both proactive and reactive aggression appear to be playing a role in associations between the BAS and indicated mental health outcomes. Implications and future directions are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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141. Animal Models of Virus-Induced Neurobehavioral Sequelae: Recent Advances, Methodological Issues, and Future Prospects

Author

Bortolato, Marco and Godar, Sean C.

Subjects
Article Subject
Abstract

Converging lines of clinical and epidemiological evidence suggest that viral infections in early developmental stages may be a causal factor in neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and autism-spectrum disorders. This etiological link, however, remains controversial in view of the lack of consistent and reproducible associations between viruses and mental illness. Animal models of virus-induced neurobehavioral disturbances afford powerful tools to test etiological hypotheses and explore pathophysiological mechanisms. Prenatal or neonatal inoculations of neurotropic agents (such as herpes-, influenza-, and retroviruses) in rodents result in a broad spectrum of long-term alterations reminiscent of psychiatric abnormalities. Nevertheless, the complexity of these sequelae often poses methodological and interpretational challenges and thwarts their characterization. The recent conceptual advancements in psychiatric nosology and behavioral science may help determine new heuristic criteria to enhance the translational value of these models. A particularly critical issue is the identification of intermediate phenotypes, defined as quantifiable factors representing single neurochemical, neuropsychological, or neuroanatomical aspects of a diagnostic category. In this paper, we examine how the employment of these novel concepts may lead to new methodological refinements in the study of virus-induced neurobehavioral sequelae through animal models.

Published
2010
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142. Manic symptom severity correlates with COMT activity in the striatum: A post-mortem study.

Author

Bortolato, Marco, Walss-Bass, Consuelo, Thompson, Peter M., and Moskovitz, Jackob

Subjects
*CATECHOL-O-methyltransferase, *CATALYSIS, *DOPAMINE, *NORADRENALINE, *BIPOLAR disorder
Abstract

Objectives:The enzyme catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), which catalyses the degradation of dopamine and norepinephrine, is posited to participate in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD) and schizophrenia. In support of this notion, rich evidence has documented that the severity of various BD and schizophrenia symptoms is moderated byrs4680, a single nucleotide polymorphism of theCOMTgene featuring a valine (Val)-to-methionine (Met) substitution that results in lower catalytic activity. Nevertheless, the specific relevance of COMT enzymatic activity in the pathophysiology of BD and schizophrenia dimensions remains elusive. Methods:We measured COMT catalytic activity in post-mortem prefrontal cortices, striata and cerebella of schizophrenia and BD patients, as well as non-affected controls. These values were then correlated withrs4680genotypes and psychopathology scores in the last week of life. Results:No direct correlation between COMT activity andrs4680genotypes was found; however, the severity of manic symptoms was highly correlated with COMT activity in the striatum, irrespective of the diagnostic group. Conclusions:These results suggest that COMT striatal activity, but notrs4680genotype, may serve as a biomarker for manic symptoms. Future studies are warranted to confirm these findings and assess the neurobiological links between COMT striatal activity and manic symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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