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101. Oral administration of glucagon-like peptide 1 or peptide YY 3-36 affects food intake in healthy male subjects

Author

Steinert, Robert E., Poller, Birk, Castelli, M.Cristina, Drewe, Juergen, and Beglinger, Christoph

Subjects
Peptides -- Physiological aspects, Peptides -- Health aspects, Peptides -- Dosage and administration, Peptides -- Research, Food/cooking/nutrition, Health
Abstract

Background: Peripheral infusion of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) or peptide YY 3-36 (PYY3-36) reduces food intake in healthy, obese, and diabetic subjects. In vivo, both peptides are cosecreted from intestinal L cells; GLP-1 is subject to rapid breakdown by dipeptidyl peptidase IV, and together with PYY3-36 it is likely to be degraded in the liver before entering the systemic circulation. The largest concentrations are observed in the splanchnic blood rather than in the systemic circulation. Objective: In contrast with peripheral infusion, oral delivery of sodium N-[8-(2-hydroxybenzoyl) amino] caprylate (SNAC) mimics endogenous secretion. We aimed to investigate how this affects food intake. Design: Twelve healthy male subjects were studied in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 4-way crossover trial. Each subject received in random order 2.0 mg GLP-1, 1.0 mg PYY3-36, or 2.0 mg GLP-1 plus 1.0 mg PYY3-36; the peptides were mixed with SNAC. The placebo treatment was the delivery agent alone. Food intake during an ad libitum test meal was measured. Results: Both peptides were rapidly absorbed from the gut, leading to plasma concentrations several times higher than those in response to a normal meal. GLP-1 alone, but not PYY3-36, reduced total energy intake significantly, with marked effects on glucose homeostasis. Coadministration of both peptides reduced total energy intake by 21.5% and fullness at meal onset (P < 0.05) but not total 24-h energy intake. Conclusion: The results show a marked effect of orally administered GLP- 1 and PYY3-36 on appetite by showing enhanced fullness at meal onset and reduced energy intake. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00822705. Am J Clin Nutr 2010;92: 810-7. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2010.29663.

Published
2010

113. Einleitung

Author

Bauerfeind, Peter, Meier, Rémy, Beglinger, Christoph, Koelz, Hans R., Bauerfeind, Peter, Meier, Rémy, Beglinger, Christoph, and Koelz, Hans R.

Published
1994
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115. Effects of telenzepine and L-364,718 on canine pancreatic secretion before and after vagotomy

Author

Nielbergall-Roth, Elke, Teyssen, Stephan, Wetzel, Dirk, Hartel, Mark, Beglinger, Christoph, Riepl, Rudolf L., and Singer, Manfred V.

Subjects
Pancreas -- Secretions, Vagus nerve, Tryptophan -- Physiological aspects, Biological sciences
Abstract

The effects of telenzepine on the action of cholecystokinin on the pancreas were analyzed based on the monitoring of the dose-response curves of the pancreatic secretory responses to intravenous caerulein. Protein response to tryptophan on non-vagotomized dogs was elevated by the administration of telenzepine and L-364,718. Furthermore, a potentiated interaction between the cholinergic nerves and endogenously released cholecystokinin acted as mediators of the protein response to intestinal amino acids.

Published
1997

118. Green tea extract enhances parieto-frontal connectivity during working memory processing

Author

Schmidt, André, Hammann, Felix, Wölnerhanssen, Bettina, Meyer-Gerspach, Anne, Drewe, Jürgen, Beglinger, Christoph, Borgwardt, Stefan, Schmidt, André, Hammann, Felix, Wölnerhanssen, Bettina, Meyer-Gerspach, Anne, Drewe, Jürgen, Beglinger, Christoph, and Borgwardt, Stefan

Abstract

Rationale: It has been proposed that green tea extract may have a beneficial impact on cognitive functioning, suggesting promising clinical implications. However, the neural mechanisms underlying this putative cognitive enhancing effect of green tea extract still remain unknown. Objectives: This study investigates whether the intake of green tea extract modulates effective brain connectivity during working memory processing and whether connectivity parameters are related to task performance. Material and methods: Using a double-blind, counterbalanced, within-subject design, 12 healthy volunteers received a milk whey-based soft drink containing 27.5g of green tea extract or a milk whey-based soft drink without green tea as control substance while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging. Working memory effect on effective connectivity between frontal and parietal brain regions was evaluated using dynamic causal modeling. Results: Green tea extract increased the working memory induced modulation of connectivity from the right superior parietal lobule to the middle frontal gyrus. Notably, the magnitude of green tea induced increase in parieto-frontal connectivity positively correlated with improvement in task performance. Conclusions: Our findings provide first evidence for the putative beneficial effect of green tea on cognitive functioning, in particular, on working memory processing at the neural system level by suggesting changes in short-term plasticity of parieto-frontal brain connections. Modeling effective connectivity among frontal and parietal brain regions during working memory processing might help to assess the efficacy of green tea for the treatment of cognitive impairments in psychiatric disorders such as dementia.

Published
2019

121. Type D personality is associated with depressive symptoms and clinical activity in inflammatory bowel disease.

Author

Jordi, Sebastian Bruno Ulrich, Botte, Federica, Lang, Brian Matthew, Greuter, Thomas, Krupka, Niklas, Auschra, Bianca, Schreiner, Philipp, Sulz, Michael Christian, Biedermann, Luc, Känel, Roland, Rogler, Gerhard, Begré, Stefan, Misselwitz, Benjamin, Anderegg, Claudia, Bauerfeind, Peter, Beglinger, Christoph, Belli, Dominique, Bengoa, José M., Bigler, Beat, and Binek, Janek

Subjects
MENTAL depression, INFLAMMATORY bowel diseases, CROHN'S disease, PSYCHOLOGICAL typologies, PROPORTIONAL hazards models, ULCERATIVE colitis
Abstract

Summary: Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can be exacerbated by stress and depression. Type D personality, characterised by high negative affectivity and social inhibition, represents a vulnerability towards stressors and is associated with adverse outcomes in coronary heart disease. Aims: To assess the prevalence of Type D personality in IBD patients and investigate potential associations with disease course. Methods: We tested for associations between Type D (Type DScale‐14), depressive symptoms (Hospital Anxiety and DepressionScale's depression subscore ≥11) and recurrent IBD amongst Swiss IBD cohort patients. We built regression models for cross‐sectional and Cox proportional hazards models for time‐to‐event analyses. IBD disease course was assessed by the future occurrence of active disease (Crohn's Disease ActivityIndex ≥150/Modified Truelove & Witts activity index ≥10) and several IBD‐relevant endpoints. Results: Amongst 2275 patients (1005 ulcerative colitis, 1270 Crohn's disease), 672 (29.5%) had Type D. Type D was a significant risk factor for future active disease (adjusted hazard ratio, aHR: 1.60, corrected P value, q = 0.007) and predicted the future presence of depressive symptoms (aHR: 3.30, P < 0.001). The combination of Type D and depressive symptoms further increased the risk for active disease (aHR: 3.98, q < 0.001). However, Type D associated depressive symptoms seemed to be the main contributor to this effect as Type D's predictive power decreased considerably in models corrected for depressive symptoms (aHR: 1.32, CI: 0.97‐1.79, q = 0.292). Conclusions: Type D personality's prevalence amongst IBD patients was comparable with its prevalence in the general population. Type D was strongly associated with depressive symptoms and showed modest independent associations with IBD prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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129. [10] Covalent inactivation of lipases

Author

Ransac, Stéphane, primary, Gargouri, Youssef, additional, Marguet, Frank, additional, Buono, Gérard, additional, Beglinger, Christoph, additional, Hildebrand, Pius, additional, Lengsfeld, Hans, additional, Hadváry, Paul, additional, and Verger, Robert, additional

Published
1997
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141. Value of fecal calprotectin in the evaluation of patients with abdominal discomfort: an observational study

Author

Manz Michael, Burri Emanuel, Rothen Claude, Tchanguizi Nuschin, Niederberger Christian, Rossi Livio, Beglinger Christoph, and Lehmann Frank

Subjects
Gastroenterology, Endoscopy, Diagnosis, Biomarker, Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology, RC799-869
Abstract

Abstract Background The evaluation of patients with abdominal discomfort is challenging and patient selection for endoscopy based on symptoms is not reliable. We evaluated the diagnostic value of fecal calprotectin in patients with abdominal discomfort. Methods In an observational study, 575 consecutive patients with abdominal discomfort referred for endoscopy to the Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology at the University Hospital Basel in Switzerland, were enrolled in the study. Calprotectin was measured in stool samples collected within 24 hours before the investigation using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The presence of a clinically significant finding in the gastrointestinal tract was the primary endpoint of the study. Final diagnoses were adjudicated blinded to calprotectin values. Results Median calprotectin levels were higher in patients with significant findings (N = 212, median 97 μg/g, IQR 43-185) than in patients without (N = 326, 10 μg/g, IQR 10-23, P < 0.001). The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) to identify a significant finding was 0.877 (95% CI, 0.85-0.90). Using 50 μg/g as cut off yielded a sensitivity of 73% and a specificity of 93% with good positive and negative likelihood ratios (10.8 and 0.29, respectively). Fecal calprotectin was useful as a diagnostic parameter both for findings in the upper intestinal tract (AUC 0.730, 0.66-0.79) and for the colon (AUC 0.912, 0.88-0.94) with higher diagnostic precision for the latter (P < 0.001). In patients > 50 years, the diagnostic precision remained unchanged (AUC 0.889 vs. 0.832, P = 0.165). Conclusion In patients with abdominal discomfort, fecal calprotectin is a useful non-invasive marker to identify clinically significant findings of the gastrointestinal tract, irrespective of age.

Published
2012
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142. Gastroskopiefibel

Author

Bauerfeind, Peter, primary, Meier, Rémy, additional, Beglinger, Christoph, additional, and Koelz, Hans R., additional

Published
1994
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143. Effect of Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy vs Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass on Weight Loss in Patients With Morbid Obesity

Author

Peterli, Ralph, Wölnerhanssen, Bettina Karin, Peters, Thomas, Vetter, Diana, Kröll, Dino, Borbély, Yves, Schultes, Bernd, Beglinger, Christoph, Drewe, Jürgen, Schiesser, Marc, Nett, Philipp, Bueter, Marco, University of Zurich, and Peterli, Ralph

Subjects
610 Medicine & health, 2700 General Medicine, 10217 Clinic for Visceral and Transplantation Surgery
Abstract

Importance Sleeve gastrectomy is increasingly used in the treatment of morbid obesity, but its long-term outcome vs the standard Roux-en-Y gastric bypass procedure is unknown. Objective To determine whether there are differences between sleeve gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in terms of weight loss, changes in comorbidities, increase in quality of life, and adverse events. Design, Setting, and Participants The Swiss Multicenter Bypass or Sleeve Study (SM-BOSS), a 2-group randomized trial, was conducted from January 2007 until November 2011 (last follow-up in March 2017). Of 3971 morbidly obese patients evaluated for bariatric surgery at 4 Swiss bariatric centers, 217 patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to sleeve gastrectomy or Roux-en-Y gastric bypass with a 5-year follow-up period. Interventions Patients were randomly assigned to undergo laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (n = 107) or laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (n = 110). Main Outcomes and Measures The primary end point was weight loss, expressed as percentage excess body mass index (BMI) loss. Exploratory end points were changes in comorbidities and adverse events. Results Among the 217 patients (mean age, 45.5 years; 72% women; mean BMI, 43.9) 205 (94.5%) completed the trial. Excess BMI loss was not significantly different at 5 years: for sleeve gastrectomy, 61.1%, vs Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, 68.3% (absolute difference, −7.18%; 95% CI, −14.30% to −0.06%; P = .22 after adjustment for multiple comparisons). Gastric reflux remission was observed more frequently after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (60.4%) than after sleeve gastrectomy (25.0%). Gastric reflux worsened (more symptoms or increase in therapy) more often after sleeve gastrectomy (31.8%) than after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (6.3%). The number of patients with reoperations or interventions was 16/101 (15.8%) after sleeve gastrectomy and 23/104 (22.1%) after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Conclusions and Relevance Among patients with morbid obesity, there was no significant difference in excess BMI loss between laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass at 5 years of follow-up after surgery. Trial Registration clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00356213

Published
2018

144. Differences in Outcomes Reported by Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Diseases vs Their Health Care Professionals

Author

Pittet, Valérie E.H., primary, Maillard, Michel H., additional, Simonson, Thomas, additional, Fournier, Nicolas, additional, Rogler, Gerhard, additional, Michetti, Pierre, additional, Anderegg, Claudia, additional, Bauerfeind, Peter, additional, Beglinger, Christoph, additional, Begré, Stefan, additional, Belli, Dominique, additional, Bengoa, José M., additional, Biedermann, Luc, additional, Bigler, Beat, additional, Binek, Janek, additional, Blattmann, Mirjam, additional, Boehm, Stephan, additional, Borovicka, Jan, additional, Braegger, Christian P., additional, Brunner, Nora, additional, Bühr, Patrick, additional, Burnand, Bernard, additional, Burri, Emanuel, additional, Buyse, Sophie, additional, Cremer, Matthias, additional, Criblez, Dominique H., additional, de Saussure, Philippe, additional, Degen, Lukas, additional, Delarive, Joakim, additional, Doerig, Christopher, additional, Dora, Barbara, additional, Dorta, Gian, additional, Egger, Mara, additional, Ehmann, Tobias, additional, El-Wafa, Ali, additional, Engelmann, Matthias, additional, Ezri, Jessica, additional, Felley, Christian, additional, Fliegner, Markus, additional, Fraga, Montserrat, additional, Frei, Pascal, additional, Frei, Remus, additional, Fried, Michael, additional, Froehlich, Florian, additional, Funk, Christian, additional, Furlano, Raoul Ivano, additional, Gallot-Lavallée, Suzanne, additional, Geyer, Martin, additional, Girardin, Marc, additional, Golay, Delphine, additional, Grandinetti, Tanja, additional, Gysi, Beat, additional, Haack, Horst, additional, Haarer, Johannes, additional, Helbling, Beat, additional, Hengstler, Peter, additional, Herzog, Denise, additional, Hess, Cyrill, additional, Heyland, Klaas, additional, Hinterleitner, Thomas, additional, Hiroz, Philippe, additional, Hirschi, Claudia, additional, Hruz, Petr, additional, Iwata, Rika, additional, Jost, Res, additional, Juillerat, Pascal, additional, Keller, Céline, additional, Knellwolf, Christina, additional, Knoblauch, Christoph, additional, Köhler, Henrik, additional, Koller, Rebekka, additional, Krieger-Grübel, Claudia, additional, Kullak-Ublick, Gerd, additional, Künzler, Patrizia, additional, Landolt, Markus, additional, Lange, Rupprecht, additional, Lehmann, Frank Serge, additional, Macpherson, Andrew, additional, Maerten, Philippe, additional, Manser, Christine, additional, Manz, Michael, additional, Marbet, Urs, additional, Marx, George, additional, Matter, Christoph, additional, Meier, Rémy, additional, Mendanova, Martina, additional, Misselwitz, Benjamin, additional, Morell, Bernhard, additional, Mosler, Patrick, additional, Mottet, Christian, additional, Müller, Christoph, additional, Müller, Pascal, additional, Müllhaupt, Beat, additional, Münger-Beyeler, Claudia, additional, Musso, Leilla, additional, Nagy, Andreas, additional, Neagu, Michaela, additional, Nichita, Cristina, additional, Niess, Jan, additional, Nydegger, Andreas, additional, Obialo, Nicole, additional, Oneta, Carl, additional, Oropesa, Cassandra, additional, Peter, Ueli, additional, Peternac, Daniel, additional, Petit, Laetitia Marie, additional, Piccoli-Gfeller, Franziska, additional, Pilz, Julia Beatrice, additional, Pittet, Valérie, additional, Raschle, Nadia, additional, Rentsch, Ronald, additional, Restellini, Sophie, additional, Richterich, Jean-Pierre, additional, Rihs, Sylvia, additional, Ritz, Marc Alain, additional, Roduit, Jocelyn, additional, Rogler, Daniela, additional, Rossel, Jean-Benoît, additional, Rueger, Vanessa, additional, Saner, Gaby, additional, Sauter, Bernhard, additional, Sawatzki, Mikael, additional, Schäppi, Michela, additional, Scharl, Michael, additional, Scharl, Sylvie, additional, Schelling, Martin, additional, Schibli, Susanne, additional, Schlauri, Hugo, additional, Uebelhart, Sybille Schmid, additional, Schnegg, Jean-François, additional, Schoepfer, Alain, additional, Seibold, Frank, additional, Seirafi, Mariam, additional, Semadeni, Gian-Marco, additional, Semela, David, additional, Senning, Arne, additional, Sidler, Marc, additional, Sokollik, Christiane, additional, Spalinger, Johannes, additional, Spangenberger, Holger, additional, Stadler, Philippe, additional, Steuerwald, Michael, additional, Straumann, Alex, additional, Straumann-Funk, Bigna, additional, Sulz, Michael, additional, Suter, Alexandra, additional, Thorens, Joël, additional, Tiedemann, Sarah, additional, Tutuian, Radu, additional, Vavricka, Stephan, additional, Viani, Francesco, additional, Vögtlin, Jürg, additional, Von Känel, Roland, additional, Vonlaufen, Alain, additional, Vouillamoz, Dominique, additional, Vulliamy, Rachel, additional, Wermuth, Jürg, additional, Werner, Helene, additional, Wiesel, Paul, additional, Wiest, Reiner, additional, Wylie, Tina, additional, Zeitz, Jonas, additional, and Zimmermann, Dorothee, additional

Published
2019
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147. Uveitis manifestations in patients of the Swiss Inflammatory Bowel Disease Cohort Study

Author

Biedermann, Luc, primary, Renz, Laura, additional, Fournier, Nicolas, additional, Rossel, Jean-Benoît, additional, Butter, Matthias, additional, Bluemel, Sena, additional, Vavricka, Stephan R., additional, Rogler, Gerhard, additional, Scharl, Michael, additional, Anderegg, Claudia, additional, Bauerfeind, Peter, additional, Beglinger, Christoph, additional, Begré, Stefan, additional, Belli, Dominique, additional, Bengoa, José M., additional, Biedermann, Luc, additional, Bigler, Beat, additional, Binek, Janek, additional, Blattmann, Mirjam, additional, Boehm, Stephan, additional, Borovicka, Jan, additional, Braegger, Christian P., additional, Brunner, Nora, additional, Bühr, Patrick, additional, Burnand, Bernard, additional, Burri, Emanuel, additional, Buyse, Sophie, additional, Cremer, Matthias, additional, Criblez, Dominique H., additional, Saussure, Philippe de, additional, Degen, Lukas, additional, Delarive, Joakim, additional, Doerig, Christopher, additional, Dora, Barbara, additional, Dorta, Gian, additional, Egger, Mara, additional, Ehmann, Tobias, additional, El-Wafa, Ali, additional, Engelmann, Matthias, additional, Ezri, Jessica, additional, Felley, Christian, additional, Fliegner, Markus, additional, Fraga, Montserrat, additional, Frei, Pascal, additional, Frei, Remus, additional, Fried, Michael, additional, Froehlich, Florian, additional, Funk, Christian, additional, Ivano Furlano, Raoul, additional, Gallot-Lavallée, Suzanne, additional, Geyer, Martin, additional, Girardin, Marc, additional, Golay, Delphine, additional, Grandinetti, Tanja, additional, Gysi, Beat, additional, Haack, Horst, additional, Haarer, Johannes, additional, Helbling, Beat, additional, Hengstler, Peter, additional, Herzog, Denise, additional, Hess, Cyrill, additional, Heyland, Klaas, additional, Hinterleitner, Thomas, additional, Hiroz, Philippe, additional, Hirschi, Claudia, additional, Hruz, Petr, additional, Iwata, Rika, additional, Jost, Res, additional, Juillerat, Pascal, additional, Kessler Brondolo, Vera, additional, Knellwolf, Christina, additional, Knoblauch, Christoph, additional, Köhler, Henrik, additional, Koller, Rebekka, additional, Krieger-Grübel, Claudia, additional, Kullak-Ublick, Gerd, additional, Künzler, Patrizia, additional, Landolt, Markus, additional, Lange, Rupprecht, additional, Serge Lehmann, Frank, additional, Macpherson, Andrew, additional, Maerten, Philippe, additional, Maillard, Michel H., additional, Manser, Christine, additional, Manz, Michael, additional, Marbet, Urs, additional, Marx, George, additional, Matter, Christoph, additional, McLin, Valérie, additional, Meier, Rémy, additional, Mendanova, Martina, additional, Meyenberger, Christa, additional, Michetti, Pierre, additional, Misselwitz, Benjamin, additional, Moradpour, Darius, additional, Morell, Bernhard, additional, Mosler, Patrick, additional, Mottet, Christian, additional, Müller, Christoph, additional, Müller, Pascal, additional, Müllhaupt, Beat, additional, Münger-Beyeler, Claudia, additional, Musso, Leilla, additional, Nagy, Andreas, additional, Neagu, Michaela, additional, Nichita, Cristina, additional, Niess, Jan, additional, Noël, Natacha, additional, Nydegger, Andreas, additional, Obialo, Nicole, additional, Oneta, Carl, additional, Oropesa, Cassandra, additional, Peter, Ueli, additional, Peternac, Daniel, additional, Marie Petit, Laetitia, additional, Piccoli-Gfeller, Franziska, additional, Beatrice Pilz, Julia, additional, Pittet, Valérie, additional, Raschle, Nadia, additional, Rentsch, Ronald, additional, Restellini, Sophie, additional, Richterich, Jean-Pierre, additional, Rihs, Sylvia, additional, Alain Ritz, Marc, additional, Roduit, Jocelyn, additional, Rogler, Daniela, additional, Sagmeister, Markus, additional, Saner, Gaby, additional, Sauter, Bernhard, additional, Sawatzki, Mikael, additional, Schäppi, Michela, additional, Schelling, Martin, additional, Schibli, Susanne, additional, Schlauri, Hugo, additional, Schmid Uebelhart, Sybille, additional, Schnegg, Jean-François, additional, Schoepfer, Alain, additional, Seibold, Frank, additional, Seirafi, Mariam, additional, Semadeni, Gian-Marco, additional, Semela, David, additional, Senning, Arne, additional, Sidler, Marc, additional, Sokollik, Christiane, additional, Spalinger, Johannes, additional, Spangenberger, Holger, additional, Stadler, Philippe, additional, Steuerwald, Michael, additional, Straumann, Alex, additional, Straumann-Funk, Bigna, additional, Sulz, Michael, additional, Thorens, Joël, additional, Tiedemann, Sarah, additional, Tutuian, Radu, additional, Vavricka, Stephan, additional, Viani, Francesco, additional, Vögtlin, Jürg, additional, Von Känel, Roland, additional, Vonlaufen, Alain, additional, Vouillamoz, Dominique, additional, Vulliamy, Rachel, additional, Wermuth, Jürg, additional, Werner, Helene, additional, Wiesel, Paul, additional, Wiest, Reiner, additional, Wylie, Tina, additional, Zeitz, Jonas, additional, and Zimmermann, Dorothee, additional

Published
2019
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148. Prevalence and risk factors of hepatitis B and C virus infections in an impoverished urban community in Dhaka, Bangladesh

Author

Salam Mohammed A, Hossain Lokman, Bardhan Pradip, Brooks Abdullah, Rothermundt Christian, Alam Nur H, Ashraf Hasan, Hassan Mohammed S, Beglinger Christoph, and Gyr Niklaus

Subjects
Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Abstract Background Viral hepatitis is a serious global public health problem affecting billions of people globally, and both hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections are rapidly spreading in the developing countries including Bangladesh due to the lack of health education, poverty, illiteracy and lack of hepatitis B vaccination. Also there is lack of information on their prevalence among the general population. So, a population-based serological survey was conducted in Dhaka to determine the prevalence and risk factors of HBV and HCV infections. Methods Healthy individuals were selected for demographic and behavioural characteristics by stratified cluster sampling and blood tested for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), antibody to HBV core antigen (anti-HBc), and anti-HCV antibodies (anti-HCV). Results From June 2005-November 2006, 1997 participants were screened for HBsAg, anti-HBc and anti-HCV, 738 (37%) were males with mean (SD) age of 24 (14) years. HBV-seropositivity was documented in 582 (29%) participants: 14 (0.7%) were positive for HBsAg, 452 (22.6%) for anti-HBc and 116 (5.8%) for both HBsAg and anti-HBc. Four (0.2%) participants were positive for anti-HCV, and another five (0.3%) for both anti-HBc and anti-HCV. Ninety-six/246 (39%) family members residing at same households with HBsAg positive participants were also HBV-seropositive [74 (30.1%) for anti-HBc and 22 (8.9%) for both HBsAg and anti-HBc], which was significantly higher among family members (39%) than that of study participants (29%) (OR 1.56; p < 0.001). In bivariate analysis, HBV-seropositivity was significantly associated with married status (OR 2.27; p < 0.001), history of jaundice (OR 1.35; p = 0.009), surgical operations (OR 1.26; p = 0.04), needle-stick injuries (OR 2.09; p = 0.002), visiting unregistered health-care providers (OR 1.40; p = 0.008), receiving treatment for sexually transmitted diseases (STD) (OR 1.79; p = 0.001), animal bites (OR 1.73; p < 0.001); ear-nose-body piercing in females (OR 4.97; p < 0.001); circumcision (OR 3.21; p < 0.001), and visiting community barber for shaving in males (OR 3.77; p < 0.001). In logistic regression analysis, married status (OR 1.32; p = 0.04), surgical operations (OR 1.39; p = 0.02), animal bites (OR 1.43; p = 0.02), visiting unregistered health-care providers (OR 1.40; p = 0.01); and ear-nose-body piercing in females (OR 4.97; p < 0.001) were significantly associated with HBV-seropositivity. Conclusions The results indicate intermediate level of endemicity of HBV infection in Dhaka community, with much higher prevalence among family members of HBsAg positive individuals but low prevalence of HCV infections, clearly indicating need for universal hepatitis B vaccination. The use of disposable needles for ear-nose-body piercing need to be promoted through public awareness programmes as a preventive strategy.

Published
2010
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149. Colon Capsule Endoscopy compared to Conventional Colonoscopy under routine screening conditions

Author

Beglinger Christoph, Peter Shajan, Portmann Susanne, Pilz Julia B, and Degen Lukas

Subjects
Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology, RC799-869
Abstract

Abstract Background Colonoscopy (CSPY) for colorectal cancer screening has several limitations. Colon Capsule Endoscopy (PillCam Colon, CCE) was compared to CSPY under routine screening conditions. Methods We performed a prospective, single-center pilot study at a University Hospital. Data were obtained from November 2007 until May 2008. Patients underwent CCE on Day 1 and CSPY on Day 2. Outcomes were evaluated regarding sensitivity and specificity of polyp detection rate, with a significance level set at >5 mm. Results 59 individuals were included in this study, the results were evaluable in 56 patients (males 34, females 22; median age 59). CCE was complete in 36 subjects. Polyp detection rate for significant polyps was 11% on CSPY and 27% on CCE. 6/56 (11%) patients had polyps on CSPY not detected on CCE (miss rate). Overall sensitivity was 79% (95% confidence interval [CI], 61 to 90), specificity was 54% (95% CI, 35 to 70), positive predictive value (PPV) was 63% and negative predictive value (NPV) was 71%. Adjusted to significance of findings, sensitivity was 50% (95% CI, 19 to 81), specificity was 76% (95% CI, 63 to 86), PPV was 20% and NPV was 93%. Conclusion In comparison to the gold standard, the sensitivity of CCE for detection of relevant polyps is low, however, the high NPV supports its role as a possible screening tool. Trial Registration NCT00991003.

Published
2010
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