294 results on '"Beck, Sandra"'
Search Results
102. The influence of current direction on motor and visual thresholds by TMS
- Author
-
Beck, Sandra Christine and Thier, P.
- Subjects
TMS , phosphenes , threshold ,TMS , Phosphene , Schwellen - Abstract
Gegenstand der vorliegenden Arbeit war die Bestimmung von Schwellenwerten mit der TMS und die sich daraus ableitende Einschätzung der Erregbarkeit verschiedener kortikaler Areale. Als wichtiger Parameter hierfür gilt die motorische Schwelle, die mit Hilfe der transkraniellen Magnetstimulation bestimmt werden kann. Im motorischen System verwendeten wir ein bereits veröffentlichtes Messverfahren (Kammer et al., 2000). Aus-gehend von diesem Verfahren haben wir eine neue Messmethode für den visuellen Kortex entwickelt, die es ermöglicht, die Erregbarkeit von motorischem und visuellem Kortex zu vergleichen. In unseren Experimenten, die jeweils mit zwei verschiedenen Stimulationsgeräten durchgeführt wurden, variierten wir die Richtung des im Gehirn induzierten Stroms, die stimulierte Hemisphäre und äußere Faktoren, wie die Luminanz des Hintergrundes. Als wesentliches Ergebnis unserer Messungen zeigte sich, dass es im visuellen Kortex, wie im motorischen, eine Vorzugsstromrichtung gibt. Die Schwellenwerte waren signifikant niedriger, wenn der induzierte Strom von lateral nach medial, also horizontal und senkrecht zum Inter-hemisphärenspalt floß. Die Schwellen bei entgegengesetzter Stromrichtung lagen im Mittel 20% höher. Dieser Stromrichtungseffekt trat unab-hängig von der Hemisphäre und vom Stimulations-gerät auf. Die Luminanz des Hintergrundes (von Dunkelheit bis 3200 cd/m²) hatte keinen Einfluß auf die visuellen Schwellenwerte. Im Gegensatz zum "hot spot" des motorischen gab es im visuellen Kortex ein mehrere Quadrat-zentimeter umfassendes Areal, über dem sehr ähnliche Schwellenwerte bestimmt werden konnten. Als Entstehungsort der Phosphene kommen aufgrund des relativ großen Areals, über dem man sie auslösen kann und auch wegen ihres wenig komplexen Erscheinungsbildes, am ehesten kortikale Fasern in Frage, die von V2-V4 nach V1 projizieren. Die Schwellenwerte der Motorik und der Phosphenwahrnehmung zeigten sich als konstante Parameter und ließen sich trotz großer interindividueller Unterschiede auch nach längerer Zeit (4-6 Monate bzw. 18 Monate) gut repro-duzieren. Motorische und visuelle Schwellenwerte zeigten jedoch keine Korrelation. Man kann also durch Messung der einen Schwelle keine sichere Aussage über die Erregbarkeit des gesamten Kortex treffen. Dies stellt die bisher übliche Verfahrensweise bei repetitiver TMS in Frage. Üblicherweise wird unabhängig vom stimulierten Areal die individuelle motorische Schwelle als Kalibrierungswert für die Stimulationsintensität heran-gezogen. Zur Einschätzung der Erregbarkeit sollte also ein für jedes kortikale Areal spezifischer Test herangezogen werden. The aim of this study was to assess cortical excitability in two different cortical areas by transcranial magnetic stimulation. It is well accepted to use the motor threshold as a parameter to determine excitability. Different common methods for the determination of the motor threshold (Kammer et al., 2000) were compared and used to develop a standardized procedure for the visual cortex in order to determine thresholds for phosphene perception. This method allows to compare the excitability of the two cortical areas. Experiments were done with two stimulation devices. The direction of the applied current was varied. Both hemispheres were stimulated in order to find out, whether there is a dominant hemisphere in the visual system. External factors, like background lumination, were also tested. The most important finding of our experiments was, that there was a prefered current direction in the visual cortex as it is known for the motor system. Thresholds of the visual cortex were signifcantly lower, if the induced current flew from lateral to medial in a horizontal line perpendicular to the interhemispheric sulcus. Thresholds of the opposite current direction were approximately 20% higher. This effect of current direction did not depend on the stimulated hemisphere nor on the stimulation device. Background luminance (from complete darkness up to 3200cd/m²) did not have any influence on phosphene thresholds. In contrast to a "hot spot" obtained in the motor area for certain muscles there was a relatively large area of several square centimeters in the occipital cortex, where similar thresholds were determined. It is still unknown, which structures are responsible for the generation of phosphenes. Because of the large area where they can be evoked and their quite simple appearance it is likely, that fibers projecting from higher visual areas to V1 are the origin of phosphenes. Motor and visual thresholds were very stable and highly reproducible for a long period of time (up to 18 months). But the parameters did not show any correlation. That means it is not possible to deduce the level of excitability of one cortical area by measuring the motor threshold. As this is usually done, for example when repetitive TMS is applied to cortical areas, a more specific procedure should be considered.
- Published
- 2003
103. Incidência de meningite por Haemophilus influenzae no RS 1999-2010: impacto da cobertura vacinal
- Author
-
Schossler, João Guilherme Stadler, primary, Beck, Sandra Trevisan, additional, Campos, Marli Matiko Anraku de, additional, and Farinha, Lourdes Boufleur, additional
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
104. A Potential Biomarker for Focal Dystonia: Abnormal Dorsal Premotor-Motor Inhibition in Writer's Cramp (S33.006)
- Author
-
Pirio Richardson, Sarah, primary, Beck, Sandra, additional, Bliem, Barbara, additional, and Hallett, Mark, additional
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
105. PERFIL DA SÍFILIS GESTACIONAL E CONGÊNITA NO MUNICÍPIO DE SANTA MARIA - RS: vivências multidisciplinares para troca de saberes.
- Author
-
Daros dos Santos, Tamires, Cioquetta Lock, Nicássia, Schio Lnza, Solange, Baccin dos Santos, Andressa, Trevisan Beck, Sandra, Rizzetti Anversa, Elenir Terezinha, Silva Ramos, Luciane, and Parecida da Rosa, Valeria
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
106. INTERIORIZAÇÃO DA AIDS EM MUNICÍPIO DE MÉDIO PORTE DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL (2008-2012): aspectos importantes para políticas de saúde.
- Author
-
Stadler Schossler, Édina, Fraga, Guilherme Adam, Guilherme Stadler Schossler, João, Nobres Damaceno, Adalvane, Trevisan Beck, Sandra, and Heick Weiller, Teresinha
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
107. Perfil etiológico das meningites bacterianas, notificadas entre 1999 e 2010 no Rio Grande do Sul
- Author
-
Stadler Schossler, João Guilherme, primary, Beck, Sandra Trevisan, additional, Matiko Anraku de Campos, Marli, additional, and Boufleur Farinha, Lourdes, additional
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
108. ANTICORPOS DE REAÇÃO CRUZADA DURANTE INFECÇÃO AGUDA POR T. GONDII
- Author
-
Fontoura, Alison Menna, primary and Beck, Sandra Trevisan, additional
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
109. Association of HLA antigens and BCR-ABL transcripts in leukemia patients with the Philadelphia chromosome
- Author
-
Carvalho, Daiana Landenberger de, primary, Barbosa, Cristian Dias, additional, Carvalho, André Luiz de, additional, and Beck, Sandra Trevisan, additional
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
110. AVANÇOS NO DIAGNÓSTICO E TRATAMENTO DA ARTRITE REUMATÓIDE
- Author
-
Costa, Jéssica Pereira da, primary and Beck, Sandra Trevisan, additional
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
111. Soroprevalência para infecção pelo vírus da hepatite c entre indivíduos atendidos no laboratório municipal de Santa Maria - RS
- Author
-
Lubini, Renize Rosa, primary and Beck, Sandra Trevisan, additional
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
112. IMPORTÂNCIA DO RASTREAMENTO SOROLÓGICO DA TOXOPLASMOSE EM GESTANTES ATENDIDAS EM AMBULATÓRIO DE PRÉ-NATAL DE ALTO RISCO
- Author
-
Beck, Sandra Trevisan, primary, Konopka, Cristine Kolling, additional, Diehl, Felipe Polgati, additional, and Silva, Alexandre Kieslich da, additional
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
113. Relevância clínica e frequência de padrões citoplasmático e pontilhado fino denso observados em FAN-HEp-2
- Author
-
Pazini, Andréia Martini, primary, Fleck, Juliana, additional, Santos, Rosane Souza dos, additional, and Beck, Sandra Trevisan, additional
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
114. Impact Of Changes In Asthma Care Practices At A Pediatric Clinic Through Two Successive CAPHI Initiatives: ‘Best Practices In Childhood Asthma’ (BPCA) And ‘Improving Asthma Control’ (IAC) Program
- Author
-
Joseph, Maries, primary, Mojibi, Nazzi, additional, Beck, Sandra, additional, Hill, Betsy, additional, and CAPHI, Team, additional
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
115. Perfil clínico e epidemiológico de gestantes infectadas pelo HIV em um serviço do sul do Brasil
- Author
-
Konopka, Cristine Kolling, primary, Beck, Sandra Trevisan, additional, Wiggers, Denise, additional, Silva, Alexandre Kieslich da, additional, Diehl, Felipe Polgati, additional, and Santos, Fernanda Gabriel, additional
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
116. Colectomy for Fulminant Clostridium difficile Colitis: Predictors of Mortality
- Author
-
Perera, Anton Dias, primary, Akbari, Robert P., additional, Cowher, Michael S., additional, Read, Thomas E., additional, Mccormick, James T., additional, Medich, David S., additional, Celebrezze, James P., additional, Beck, Sandra J., additional, Fischer, Peter E., additional, and Caushaj, Philip F., additional
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
117. Padronização do metodo imunoenzimatico celular-CELISA-para detecção de aloanticorpos leucocitarios
- Author
-
Trevisan Beck, Sandra, primary
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
118. Padronização e desenvolvimento de testes sorológicos para o diagnóstico da tuberculose humana
- Author
-
Beck, Sandra Trevisan, primary
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
119. Taxa de probabilidade como guia de interpretação do FAN-HEp-2 na pesquisa de autoanticorpos no lúpus eritematoso sistêmico
- Author
-
Beck, Sandra Trevisan, primary, Silva, João Carlos Nunes, additional, Schimit, Sandra, additional, Fleck, Juliana, additional, and Santos, Rosane Souza dos, additional
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
120. Grau de adesão ao tratamento com anti-retrovirais entre indivíduos HIV positivos atendidos no Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria
- Author
-
Saldanha, Juliana Segabinazzi, primary, Andrade, Claudia Sala, additional, and Beck, Sandra Trevisan, additional
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
121. Sudden bilateral blindness in Wernicke's encephalopathy: Case report and review of the literature
- Author
-
Surges, Rainer, Beck, Sandra, Niesen, Wolf-Dirk, Weiller, Cornelius, and Rijntjes, Michel
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
122. Direct corticospinal pathways contribute to neuromuscular control of perturbed stance
- Author
-
Taube, Wolfgang, primary, Schubert, Martin, additional, Gruber, Markus, additional, Beck, Sandra, additional, Faist, Michael, additional, and Gollhofer, Albert, additional
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
123. Influence of motor cortex control on reflex stimulating postural tasks
- Author
-
Taube, Wolfgang, primary, Gruber, Markus, additional, Schubert, Martin, additional, Beck, Sandra, additional, and Gollhofer, Albert, additional
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
124. Ciclosporina A e tacrolimus: uma revisão
- Author
-
Garcia, Solange Cristina, primary, Lopes, Luciana dos Santos, additional, Schott, Karen Lilian, additional, Beck, Sandra Trevisan, additional, and Pomblum, Valdeci Juarez, additional
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
125. Perfil epidemiológico de doadores de sangue soropositivos para Doença de Chagas na Região Sul.
- Author
-
Pivetta Cogo, Juliana, Foletto, Aline, Bolzan Monteiro, Janete, Nunes Pereira, Karla, Pereira Ribeiro, Marinei Cristina, Segala, Zanoni, Siqueira, Fallon, and Trevisan Beck, Sandra
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
126. Incidência de meningite por Haemophilus influenzae no RS 1999-2010: impacto da cobertura vacinal.
- Author
-
Stadler Schossler, João Guilherme, Beck, Sandra Trevisan, de Campos, Marli Matiko Anraku, and Farinha, Lourdes Boufleur
- Subjects
MENINGITIS ,HAEMOPHILUS influenzae ,DISEASE prevalence ,RETROSPECTIVE studies ,ONLINE databases ,HEALTH facilities - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Ciência & Saúde Coletiva is the property of Associacao Brasileira de Pos-Graduacao em Saude Coletiva and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
127. Erinnerungen an die Revolution — Korrzeptionen der Weiblichkeit.
- Author
-
Beck, Sandra
- Subjects
- *
REVOLUTIONS , *WORKING class , *SOCIAL democracy - Abstract
In his novel Brennende Rubs (1929), Karl Grünberg, an original member of the "Bund Proletarisch-Revolutionärer Schriftsteller" (BPRS), recollects the revolutionary events during the so-called Ruhrkampf of 1920 as a legitimate self-defence of the deceived working class. This insurgency is mirrored in the learning process of the hero Ernst Sukrow, who turns from a politically indecisive student to a leading figure in the "Rote Ruhrarmee ". Labelled a true reading of the past, and thus delegitimizing the narrations of right-wing writers (e.g. Hermann Hagener's Lava), Grunberg's novel presents the workforce as a disciplined, heroic, male body whose formation is first and foremost linked to the rejection of the carnal female body, and to the exclusion of traitorous members of the social democracy. Treating literature as a weapon, the novel clearly documents a communist perspective in the ongoing class struggle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
128. Short Intracortical and Surround Inhibition Are Selectively Reduced during Movement Initiation in Focal Hand Dystonia.
- Author
-
Beck, Sandra, Richardson, Sarah Pirio, Shamim, Ejaz A., Nguyet Dang, Schubert, Martin, and Hallett, Mark
- Subjects
- *
DYSTONIA , *MUSCLE diseases , *MOVEMENT disorders , *MOTOR ability , *MOTOR cortex , *RESPONSE inhibition - Abstract
In patients with focal hand dystonia (FHD), pathological overflow activation occurs in muscles not involved in the movement. Surround inhibition is a neural mechanism that can sharpen desired movement by inhibiting unwanted movement in adjacent muscles. To further establish the phenomenon of surround inhibition and to determine whether short intracortical inhibition (SICI) reflecting inhibition from the local interneurons in primary motor cortex (M1), might play a role in its genesis, single- and paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), and Hoffmann reflex testing were applied to evaluate the excitability of the relaxed abductor pollicis brevis muscle (APB) at various intervals during a movement of the index finger in 16 patients with FHD and 20 controls. Whereas controls showed inhibition of APB motor-evoked potential (MEP) size during movement initiation and facilitation of APB MEP size during the maintenance phase, FHD patients did not modulate APB MEP size. In contrast, SICI remained constant in controls, but FHD patients showed reduced SICI during movement initiation. The Hmax/Mmax ratio in control subjects increased during movement initiation. The results provide additional evidence for the presence of surround inhibition in M1, where it occurs only during movement initiation, indicating that different mechanisms underlie movement initiation and maintenance. Thus, surround inhibition is sculpted both in time and space and may be an important neural mechanism during movement initiation to counteract increased spinal excitability. SICI may contribute to its generation, because in patients with FHD, the lack of depression of APB MEP size is accompanied by a reduction in SICI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
129. Intracellular cyclophilin A is an important Ca2+regulator in platelets and critically involved in arterial thrombus formation
- Author
-
Elvers, Margitta, Herrmann, Annika, Seizer, Peter, Münzer, Patrick, Beck, Sandra, Schönberger, Tanja, Borst, Oliver, Martin-Romero, Francisco Javier, Lang, Florian, May, Andreas E., and Gawaz, Meinrad
- Abstract
Platelet adhesion and aggregation play a critical role in primary hemostasis. Uncontrolled platelet activation leads to pathologic thrombus formation and organ failure. The decisive central step for different processes of platelet activation is the increase in cytosolic Ca2+activity ([Ca2+]i). Activation-dependent depletion of intracellular Ca2+stores triggers Ca2+entry from the extracellular space. Stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) has been identified as a Ca2+sensor that regulates store-operated Ca2+entry through activation of the pore-forming subunit Orai1, the major store-operated Ca2+entry channel in platelets. In the present study, we show for the first time that the chaperone protein cyclophilin A (CyPA) acts as a Ca2+modulator in platelets. CyPA deficiency strongly blunted activation-induced Ca2+mobilization from intracellular stores and Ca2+influx from the extracellular compartment and thus impaired platelet activation substantially. Furthermore, the phosphorylation of the Ca2+sensor STIM1 was abrogated upon CyPA deficiency, as shown by immunoprecipitation studies. In a mouse model of arterial thrombosis, CyPA-deficient mice were protected against arterial thrombosis, whereas bleeding time was not affected. The results of the present study identified CyPA as an important Ca2+regulator in platelets, a critical mechanism for arterial thrombosis.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
130. Pathway-specific plasticity in the human spinal cord
- Author
-
Leukel, Christian, Taube, Wolfgang, Beck, Sandra, Schubert, Martin, Leukel, Christian, Taube, Wolfgang, Beck, Sandra, and Schubert, Martin
- Abstract
The aim of the present study was to artificially induce plasticity in the human spinal cord and evaluate whether this plasticity is pathway specific. For this purpose, a technique called paired associative stimulation (PAS) was applied. Volleys evoked by transcranial magnetic stimulation over the primary motor cortex and peripheral nerve stimulation of the nervus tibialis in the popliteal fossa were timed to coincide at the spinal level. The transmission of different corticospinal projections was assessed before and after PAS using conditioned H-reflexes. Different groups of healthy volunteers (28 ± 5 years) were tested; intervention groups 1 (n = 9) and 2 (n = 8) received spinal PAS (360 paired stimuli) and the induced effects were evaluated using cortical (group 1) or cervicomedullary (group 2) conditioning of musculus soleus H- reflexes. After spinal PAS, the conditioned H-reflexes were significantly facilitated when tested with cortical and cervicomedullary stimulation. The effect of the latter technique is independent of changes in the excitability of cortical neurons. Therefore, the finding that conditioned H-reflexes were increased after spinal PAS when tested with both cortical and cervicomedullary stimulation suggests that neural plasticity was induced within the spinal cord. The facilitation could only be observed for specific inter-stimulus intervals between volleys induced by peripheral nerve stimulation and transcranial magnetic stimulation. As the specific inter-stimulus intervals were assumed to relate to transmission within specific motor pathways, it is argued that changes in the corticospinal transmission were pathway-specific. These findings may be helpful in inducing and assessing neural plasticity in pathological conditions like spinal cord injuries.
131. Triptych #2.
- Author
-
Beck, Sandra
- Subjects
PEN drawing - Abstract
Presents the pen and ink drawing "Triptych #2," by Sandra Beck.
- Published
- 2009
132. High Tea over Sacred Burial Ground.
- Author
-
Beck, Sandra
- Subjects
WATERCOLOR painting - Abstract
Presents the pen and ink watercolor painting "High Tea over Sacred Burial Ground," by Sandra Beck.
- Published
- 2009
133. High Tea over Sacred Burial Ground.
- Author
-
Beck, Sandra L.
- Subjects
- *
PAINTING - Abstract
Presents the painting "High Tea over Sacred Burial Ground," by Sandra L. Beck.
- Published
- 2006
134. Serological and oxidative profile of pregnant women receiving treatment for infection by Toxoplasma gondii and follow-up of perinatal results
- Author
-
Paula, Hellen Lopes de, Bernasconi, Thissiane de Lima Gonçalves, Beck, Sandra Trevisan, Benvegnú, Dalila Moter, Chitolina, Maria Rosa, Campos, Marli Matiko Anraku de, and Vaucher, Rodrigo de Almeida
- Subjects
Treatment ,Tratamento ,Gestantes ,Pregnant women ,Antioxidantes ,CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::FARMACIA [CNPQ] ,δ-ALA-D ,Toxoplasmose ,Antioxidants ,Toxoplasmosis - Abstract
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES Toxoplasmosis is a worldwide pathology, caused by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii), which can affect humans at any period of life, however, it becomes extremely relevant when it affects women for the first time during pregnancy. The disease in this period, in most cases without clinical manifestations, can lead to fetal involvement, causing complications. Among the main factors involved in the pathophysiology of diseases, including toxoplasmosis, oxidative stress stands out. Therefore, this study aimed to verify in pregnant women diagnosed and treated for T. gondii infection, possible changes in immunological, clinical and oxidative parameters, as well as to evaluate the perinatal results. The study included 27 pregnant women belonging to the control group, and 55 with the disease, of which 42 confirmed the acute phase and 26 used the triple regimen (sulfadiazine, pyrimethamine and folinic acid - SPFA) as treatment, and the groups consisted of this description. Samples and data were collected from February 2017 to September 2019. Participants with toxoplasmosis were infected during the 2018 outbreak in the city of Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The immunological criteria were evaluated through the detection of immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (IgG), as well as IgG avidity test, being related to the symptomatology. The analysis of the general condition was performed by clinical and laboratory parameters. Oxidative stress was determined by the quantification of oxidative damage markers (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and nitric oxide (NO)), as well as oxidative stress protectors (protein (P-SH) and non-protein (NP-SH) thiols groups, vitamin C, plasma iron reduction capacity (FRAP)), in addition to the verification of the activity of the enzyme δ-aminolevulinate dehydratase (δ-ALA-D). Perinatal outcomes were assessed by the degree of clinical impairment of newborns through analysis of medical records. The maternal serological response was heterogeneous, with higher levels of IgM antibodies among pregnant women who had symptoms at the time of diagnosis. In some pregnant women, lower levels of IgM were found, not always accompanied by low IgG avidity, despite the diagnosis of acute infection, differing from the expected classic serological profile. The treatment instituted at the time of detection of the disease, for all pregnant women, allowed only three newborns to present the congenital form. The damage marker parameters (TBARS and NO), as well as most antioxidants (P-SH, NP-SH and FRAP) and δ-ALA-D enzyme activity, were higher in pregnant women with the disease, indicating that the pharmacological treatment received may have stimulated a protective compensatory response. From this study, there was an increase in information in the literature on the subject, emphasizing the need for new biomarkers, as well as reinforcing the importance of instituting and maintaining treatment. A toxoplasmose é uma patologia de abrangência mundial, causada pelo protozoário Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii), que pode acometer o ser humano em qualquer período da vida, porém, torna-se de extrema relevância quando atinge pela primeira vez mulheres na gestação. A doença neste período, na maioria dos casos sem manifestações clínicas, pode levar ao acometimento fetal, provocando complicações. Entre os principais fatores envolvidos na fisiopatologia das doenças, incluindo a toxoplasmose, destaca-se o estresse oxidativo. Diante disso, este trabalho objetivou verificar em gestantes diagnosticadas e tratadas para infecção por T. gondii, possíveis alterações nos parâmetros imunológicos, clínicos e oxidativos, bem como avaliar os resultados perinatais. O estudo contou com 27 gestantes pertencentes ao grupo controle, e 55 com a doença, destas, 42 confirmaram fase aguda e 26 fizeram uso do esquema tríplice (sulfadiazina, pirimetamina e ácido folínico – SPAF) como tratamento, sendo os grupos constituídos por essa descrição. As amostras e dados foram coletados no período de fevereiro de 2017 a setembro de 2019. As participantes com toxoplasmose foram infectadas durante o Surto ocorrido em 2018 na cidade de Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Os critérios imunológicos foram avaliados através da detecção de imunoglobulina M (IgM) e imunoglobulina G (IgG), bem como teste de avidez de IgG, sendo relacionados com a sintomatologia. A análise da condição geral foi realizada por parâmetros clínicos e laboratoriais. Já o estresse oxidativo foi determinado pela quantificação de marcadores de dano oxidativo (substâncias reativas ao ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBARS) e óxido nítrico (NO)), assim como protetores do estresse oxidativo (grupamentos tiólicos proteicos (P-SH) e não proteicos (NP-SH), vitamina C, capacidade plasmática de redução de ferro (FRAP)), além da verificação da atividade da enzima δ-aminolevulinato desidratase (δ-ALA-D). Os resultados perinatais foram averiguados pelo grau de comprometimento clínico dos recém-nascidos através de análise de registros médicos. A resposta sorológica materna foi heterogênea, com maiores níveis de anticorpos IgM entre as gestantes que apresentaram sintomas no momento do diagnóstico. Em algumas gestantes, foram encontrados níveis menores de IgM, nem sempre acompanhados de baixa avidez de IgG, a despeito do diagnóstico de infecção aguda, diferindo do perfil sorológico clássico esperado. O tratamento instituído no momento da detecção da doença, para todas as gestantes, permitiu que apenas três recém-nascidos apresentassem a forma congênita. Os parâmetros marcadores de dano (TBARS e NO), assim como a maioria dos antioxidantes (P-SH, NP-SH e FRAP) e atividade da enzima δ-ALA-D, mostraram-se superiores nas gestantes com a doença, indicando que o tratamento farmacológico recebido pode ter estimulado uma resposta compensatória protetora. A partir deste estudo, ouve um acréscimo de informações na literatura a respeito do tema, salientando a necessidade de novos biomarcadores, bem como reforçando a importância da instituição e manutenção do tratamento.
- Published
- 2022
135. Comparison of oxidative stress markers in blood, colostrum and umbilical cord after vaginal and cesarean
- Author
-
Vendrame, Silmara Ana, Bernasconi, Thissiane de Lima Gonçalves, Bauermann, Liliane de Freitas, Beck, Sandra Trevisan, Azzolin, Gabriela Bonfanti, and Colpo, Elisângela
- Subjects
Espécies reativas de oxigênio ,Type of delivery ,Puerpérias ,Oxigen-reactive species ,Tipo de parto ,Puerperiums ,CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::FARMACIA [CNPQ] ,Neonatos ,Newborns - Abstract
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES Pregnancy is characterized as an oxidative event with physiological changes in the body to accommodate a developing fetus. The transition from pregnancy to the postpartum period can occur through different types of births, and the choice can considerably influence the level of oxidative stress generated. If birth occurs by vaginal delivery, labor may cause an intensification of reactive oxygen species production and a decline in the antioxidant system due to the constant change in oxygen pressure in the placental tissue during contraction, in addition to increased consumption of oxygen by skeletal and uterine musculature. Elective cesarean section, in turn, because it is programmed, does not involve labor and little is known about its oxidative effects. After birth, amid a scenario of oxidative changes, the mother starts to produce colostrum as a constant source of antioxidants that can protect newborns from attack by reactive species. In this context, this study aimed to compare markers of oxidative stress in maternal blood and in the umbilical cord immediately after vaginal delivery (VD) or cesarean (ECS), as well as to evaluate colostrum, seeking to identify the relationship between type of delivery and oxidative alterations. The study evaluating the blood was carried out at the University Hospital of Santa Maria with the participation of 76 pregnant women and their newborns, and the collection of maternal colostrum was carried out at the Casa de Saúde Hospital with the participation of 66 parturients. Oxidative damage was avaluated in maternal and fetal blood through quantification of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) and antioxidant defense through protein thiols groups (P-SH) and non-protein (NP-SH), the ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and catalase enzyme activity (CAT). The enzyme delta aminolevulinate dehydratase (δ-ALAD) was measured for the first time to our knowledge in the obstetric setting in maternal and fetal blood. In maternal colostrum, the nitrate/nitrite (NOx), AOPP, vitamin C, thiol groups and FRAP were evaluated. Through the obtained results, we can verify that there are differences in oxidative stress markers in different types of delivery. Mothers who underwent vaginal delivery showed greater oxidation and decreased antioxidant defenses compared to cesarean section. The type of delivery did not significantly alter the oxidative parameters in neonates and maternal colostrum. However, the antioxidant defenses were reduced in these groups when vaginal delivery was performed. In conclusion, vaginal delivery showed a greater change in oxidative stress parameters at the time and right after delivery, both in mothers and their newborns, and further studies are needed to assess the effects on health throughout life. A diet rich in antioxidants can be encouraged, especially for pregnant women planning to have a vaginal birth. A gestação é caracterizada por ser um evento oxidativo com alterações fisiológicas no organismo para acolher um feto em desenvolvimento. A transição da gravidez para o puerpério pode ocorrer por meio de diferentes tipos de partos, sendo que a escolha poderá influenciar consideravelmente o nível de estresse oxidativo gerado. Se o nascimento ocorrer por parto vaginal, o trabalho de parto poderá causar uma intensificação da produção de espécies reativas de oxigênio e um declínio do sistema antioxidante devido a alteração constante da pressão de oxigênio no tecido placentário durante à contração, além do aumento do consumo de oxigênio pela musculatura esquelética e uterina. A cesariana eletiva por sua vez, por ser programada, não envolve o trabalho de parto e pouco se sabe sobre seus efeitos oxidativos. Após o nascimento, em meio a um cenário de alterações oxidativas, a mãe passa a produzir o colostro como uma fonte constante de antioxidantes que podem proteger os recém-nascidos do ataque de espécies reativas. Nesse contexto, este estudo teve por objetivo comparar marcadores de estresse oxidativo em sangue materno e no cordão umbilical logo após o parto vaginal (PV) ou cesárea (PC), bem como avaliar o colostro buscando identificar a relação do tipo de parto com alterações oxidativas. O estudo avaliando o sangue foi realizado no Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria com a participação de 76 gestantes e seus neonatos e as coletas de colostro materno foram realizadas no Hospital Casa de Saúde com a participação de 61 parturientes. O dano oxidativo foi avaliado em sangue materno e fetal através da quantificação de espécies reativas ao ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBARS), produtos avançados de oxidação proteica (AOPP) e a defesa antioxidante por meio de grupos tióis protéicos (P-SH) e não proteicos (NP-SH), capacidade plasmática de redução de ferro (FRAP), capacidade antioxidante total (TAC) e atividade da enzima catalase (CAT). A enzima delta aminolevulinato desidratase (δ-ALA-D) foi mensurada pela primeira vez para o nosso conhecimento no cenário obstétrico em sangue materno e fetal. Em colostro materno avaliou-se a relação nitrato/nitrito (NOx), AOPP, vitamina C, grupamentos tiólicos e FRAP. Através dos resultados obtidos podemos verificar que há diferenças nos marcadores de estresse oxidativo em diferentes tipos de parto. As mães que realizaram parto vaginal mostraram maior oxidação e diminuição das defesas antioxidantes em relação a cesariana. O tipo de parto não alterou significativamente os parâmetros oxidativos em neonatos e colostro materno. Porém, as defesas antioxidantes apresentaram-se diminuídas nestes grupos, quando realizado o parto vaginal. Em conclusão, o parto vaginal mostrou maior alteração de parâmetros de estresse oxidativo no momento e logo após a realização do parto, tanto em mães como em seus neonatos, sendo necessários novos estudos para avaliar os efeitos na saúde ao longo da vida. Uma dieta rica em antioxidantes pode ser incentivada, especialmente as gestantes que planejam ter parto vaginal.
- Published
- 2021
136. Toxoplasma gondii outbreak in southern Brazil: heterogeneity of the serological humoral response in pregnant women and outcomes in newborns.
- Author
-
de Paula, Hellen Lopes, Vendrame, Silmara Ana, Wess, Ligia Carine, Konopka, Cristine Kolling, Gonçalves, Thissiane de Lima, and Beck, Sandra Trevisan
- Subjects
- *
PREGNANT women , *HUMORAL immunity , *TOXOPLASMA gondii , *NEWBORN infants , *IMMUNOGLOBULIN M , *PREGNANCY outcomes - Abstract
The aim of the study was to describe the heterogeneity of the humoral immune response and pregnancy outcomes in infected women during an outbreak of toxoplasmosis. Forty-two pregnant women referred to the University Hospital of Santa Maria (HUSM), RS, Brazil in 2018 and 2019, were evaluated. Clinical symptoms were reported in 33.3% of the patients. The majority (64.3%) of symptomatic pregnant women had anti T. gondii IgM antibodies index >7.0. Considering asymptomatic pregnant women, 46.4% presented antibodies IgM index below 3.0. Anti T. gondii IgG low avidity antibodies are present in 23.5% of pregnant women with a IgM index <3.0. Three newborns had the congenital form of the infection, and of these, only 1 had a positive IgM result. The serological response detected at the time of diagnosis of the infection is heterogeneous, which can make it difficult to interpret the tests, due to the presence of non-classical serological profiles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
137. Delta-aminolevulinate dehydratase enzyme activity and the oxidative profile of pregnant women being treated for acute toxoplasmosis.
- Author
-
de Paula, Hellen Lopes, de Lucca, Leidiane, Vendrame, Silmara Ana, Wess, Ligia Carine, dos Santos Stein, Carolina, Moresco, Rafael Noal, Beck, Sandra Trevisan, and de Lima Gonçalves, Thissiane
- Subjects
- *
PREGNANT women , *TOXOPLASMOSIS , *ENZYMES - Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
138. Intracellular cyclophilin A is an important Ca2+ regulator in platelets and critically involved in arterial thrombus formation.
- Author
-
Elvers, Margitta, Herrmann, Annika, Seizer, Peter, Münzer, Patrick, Beck, Sandra, Schönberger, Tanja, Borst, Oliver, Martin-Romero, Francisco davier, Lang, Florian, May, Andreas E., and Gawaz, Meinrad
- Subjects
- *
HEMOSTASIS , *CYCLOPHILINS , *CALCIUM ions , *BLOOD platelets , *PHOSPHORYLATION , *LABORATORY mice - Abstract
Platelet adhesion and aggregation play a critical role In primary hemostasis. Uncon-trolled platelet activation leads to patho-logic thrombus formation and organ fail-ure. The decisive central step for different processes of platelet activation is the increase in cytosolic Ca2+ activity ([Ca2+]i). Activation-dependent depletion of intracellular Ca2+ stores triggers Ca2+ entry from the extracellular space. Stro-mal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) has been Identified as a Ca2+ sensor that regulates store-operated Ca2+ entry through activation of the pore-forming subunit Orail, the major store-operated Ca2+ entry channel in platelets. In the present study, we show for the first time that the chaperone protein cyclophilin A (CyPA) acts as a Ca2+ modulator in platelets. CyPA deficiency strongly blunted activation-induced Ca2+ mobiliza-tion from intracellular stores and Ca2+ influx from the extracellular compartment and thus impaired platelet activation sub- stantially. Furthermore, the phosphoryla-tion of the Ca2+ sensor STIM1 was abro-gated upon CyPA deficiency, as shown by immunoprecipitatlon studies. In a mouse model of arterial thrombosis, CyPA-deficient mice were protected against ar-terial thrombosis, whereas bleeding time was not affected. The results of the pres-ent study Identified CyPA as an important Ca2+ regulator in platelets, a critical mechanism for arterial thrombosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
139. Clinical pharmaceutical activities in the adult intensive therapy unit of a university hospital
- Author
-
Oliveira, Juliana dos Santos de, Campos, Marli Matiko Anraku de, Beck, Sandra Trevisan, Silva, Carine Viana, and Carpes, Adriana
- Subjects
Unidade de terapia intensiva ,Clinical pharmacy ,Pharmacotherapeutic follow-up ,Patient safety ,Farmacoterapêutico ,CIENCIAS DA SAUDE [CNPQ] ,Farmácia clínica ,Segurança do paciente ,Acompanhamento ,Intensive care unit - Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine the importance of the pharmacist's inclusion in the Adult Intensive Care Unit of the University Hospital of Santa Maria through the practice of clinical pharmacy. This is a quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional study, in which the records of pharmaceutical clinical interventions performed after analysis of the prescriptions of 110 patients hospitalized in the adult ICU of the Santa Maria University Hospital. The patients 'profile and prescriptions were obtained through the patients' electronic medical records through the University Hospitals Management Application. Data were collected during routine clinical activities of the resident pharmacist in management and hospital care, from September 2016 to January 2017. During the analysis of the prescriptions there were 671 pharmaceutical interventions. Of 51 interventions related to the route of administration, 88.23% were related to the incorrectly prescribed route of administration. Drug-drug interaction (277 prescriptions) and drug incompatibilities (197 prescriptions) accounted for 72.13% of the interventions. Most of the pharmaceutical interventions were accepted by the health care team. Through Micromedex® tool interactions were classified and reported after the health team responsible. In a total of 1808 interactions 311 different types were identified. Of these, 24 were classified as contraindicated. Among the interactions considered to be of major or moderate severity, the most frequent events were the association between midazolam and fentanyl, followed by omeprazole and midazolam. Regarding the documentation, 71% were reasonable, 23% good and 6% excellent. Only 3% justified not need major interventions, because these were considered secondary interactions. Through the results we can say that the participation of the clinical pharmacist in ICU assists in resolving drug-related problems.The presence of the pharmacist in ICUs provides the formation of a link between the doctor and the nurse, allowing an overview of the whole process of prescription until the administration of the medicine. Thus, the pharmaceutical interventions optimize the pharmacological treatment of hospitalized patients consolidating the importance of clinical pharmacist ICU for increased patient safety. O objetivo do estudo foi determinar a importância da inserção do profissional farmacêutico, na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Adulto do Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria através da prática da farmácia clínica. Trata- se de um estudo quantitativo, descritivo e transversal, no qual foram analisados os registros das intervenções clínicas farmacêuticas realizadas após análise das prescrições de 110 pacientes internados na UTI adulto do Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria. O perfil e as prescrições dos pacientes foram obtidos por meio do prontuário eletrônico dos pacientes através do Aplicativo de Gestão para Hospitais Universitários. Os dados analisados foram coletados durante as atividades clínicas rotineiras do farmacêutico residente em gestão e atenção hospitalar, no período de setembro de 2016 a janeiro de 2017. Durante a análise das prescrições ocorreram 671 intervenções farmacêuticas, sendo que uma mesma prescrição apresentou muitas vezes mais de uma intervenção. Entre 51 intervenções relacionadas à via de administração, 88,23% foram relacionadas à prescrição por via incorreta. Interação fármaco-fármaco (277 prescrições) e incompatibilidades de medicamentos (197 prescrições) foram o motivo de 72,13% das intervenções. A maioria das intervenções farmacêuticas foi aceita pela equipe de saúde responsável pelo cuidado. Através da ferramenta Micromedex® as interações foram classificadas e após comunicadas para a equipe de saúde responsável. Em um total de 1808 interações obteve-se 311 diferentes tipos. Destas, 24 foram classificadas como contraindicadas. Entre as interações consideradas com gravidade importante ou moderadas, as que ocorreram com maior frequência foram a associação entre midazolam e fentanila, seguida do omeprazol com midazolam. Apenas 3% das interações justificaram não precisar de intervenções importantes, por serem consideradas interações secundárias. Em relação à documentação 71% eram razoáveis, 23% boa e 6% excelente. Através dos resultados obtidos é possível afirmar que a participação do farmacêutico clínico em UTI auxilia na resolução dos problemas relacionados a medicamentos. A presença do farmacêutico em UTI’s proporciona a formação de elo entre o médico e o enfermeiro, permitindo uma visão geral de todo o processo de prescrição até a administração do medicamento. Desta forma, as intervenções farmacêuticas otimizam o tratamento medicamentoso dos pacientes internados consolidando assim a importância do farmacêutico clínico em UTIs para maior segurança do paciente.
- Published
- 2018
140. Effect of acupuncture on pain and quality of life in women with fibromyalgia: a randomized clinical trial
- Author
-
Baelz, Gustavo Urbanetto, Silva, José Edson Paz da, Beck, Sandra Trevisan, and Filippin, Nadiesca Taisa
- Subjects
Quality of life ,Qualidade de vida ,Fibromyalgia ,Acupuntura ,Acupuncture ,Pain ,CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::FISIOTERAPIA E TERAPIA OCUPACIONAL [CNPQ] ,Dor ,Fibromialgia - Abstract
Introduction: Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic generalized pain syndrome, which causes disability and loss of quality of life. Treatment involves the use of medications, education, and exercise. Another therapeutic resource used to reduce the symptoms of FM is acupuncture. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of acupuncture in pain and quality of life in women with FM. Methods: Thirty-two women with FM diagnosis were selected according to the classification criteria of the American College of Rheumatology. Participants were randomized into two groups: treatment with acupuncture (n = 17) and simulated acupuncture (n = 15). Interventions occurred once a week, lasting 30 minutes each, for four weeks. The outcomes were measured by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS); the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ) and algometry before and immediately after the last session. Results: There was no significant difference in the VAS in both groups (p> 0.05). In the FIQ the acupuncture group reduced the total score in 24.31% (p 0.05). In the algometry the results were not significant in both groups (p> 0.05). Conclusion: Acupuncture improved quality of life in women with FM but did not demonstrate efficacy in reducing pain and increasing pressure pain threshold. Introdução: A fibromialgia (FM) é uma síndrome de dor crônica generalizada, que causa incapacidade e perda de qualidade de vida. O tratamento envolve a utilização de medicamentos, educação e exercícios. Outro recurso terapêutico utilizado para reduzir os sintomas da FM é a acupuntura. Objetivo: Avaliar a eficácia da acupuntura na dor e na qualidade de vida em mulheres com FM. Métodos: Foram selecionadas 32 mulheres com diagnóstico de FM, segundo os critérios de classificação do American College of Rheumatology. As participantes foram randomizadas em dois grupos: tratamento com acupuntura (n=17) e acupuntura simulada (n=15). As intervenções ocorreram uma vez por semana, com duração de 30 minutos cada, durante quatro semanas. Os desfechos foram mensurados pela Escala Visual Analógica (EVA); o Questionário Sobre o Impacto da Fibromialgia (QIF) e algometria antes e, imediatamente, após a última sessão. Resultados: Na EVA não houve diferença significativa em ambos os grupos (p>0,05). No QIF o grupo acupuntura reduziu o escore total em 24,31% (p0,05). Na algometria os resultados não foram significativos em ambos os grupos (p>0,05). Conclusão: A acupuntura melhorou qualidade de vida em mulheres com FM, porém não demonstrou eficácia na redução da dor e no aumento do limiar de dor à pressão.
- Published
- 2018
141. VIGILÂNCIA DA TRANSMISSÃO VERTICAL DE INFECÇÕES SEXUALMENTE TRANSMISSÍVEIS EM UM SERVIÇO DE ATENÇÃO TERCIÁRIA
- Author
-
Giacomini, Margarete Reginatto, Souza, Martha Helena Teixeira de, Beck, Sandra Trevisan, Zamberlan, Claudia, and Diaz, Claudia Maria Gabert
- Subjects
Saúde Materno Infantil ,Vertical Transmission. Sexually Transmitted Infections. Maternal and Child Health ,Transmissão Vertical. Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis. Saúde Materno Infantil - Abstract
Submitted by MARCIA ROVADOSCHI (marciar@unifra.br) on 2018-08-22T13:47:09Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_MargareteReginattoGiacomini.pdf: 2673689 bytes, checksum: 26438120dfcc7521140bab509eb60121 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T13:47:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_MargareteReginattoGiacomini.pdf: 2673689 bytes, checksum: 26438120dfcc7521140bab509eb60121 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-26 The objective of the present study was to delineate the epidemiological profile of pregnant women diagnosed with HIV/aids, syphilis and hepatitis B and C, notified in 2015, in a tertiary care regional referral service. As specific objectives: to present the epidemiological profile of the pregnant women notified in 2015 to the group responsible for the Maternal and Child Care Line of the hospital where the research was carried out, and to prepare a newsletter aiming at helping the visibility of the data to list the priorities of the team's actions. This is a cross-sectional retrospective study performed at a reference hospital in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul. Data collection took place in November and December 2016 and January 2017, through consultation in the system and notification forms of the Nucleus of Hospital Epidemiological Surveillance. From the survey, 179 cases of STI were identified in pregnant women in the year 2015. The age of women ranged from 15 to 41 years. The provenance of the pregnant women showed that many are coming from small municipalities of the central region of Rio Grande do Sul, considering that this hospital is a reference for this region. The product resulting from this work consisted of two articles of a newsletter, widely distributed and disseminated in the service in which the research was developed. As benefits, after the collection and analysis of the data, the results obtained were presented to the service, which allowed the knowledge of the situational diagnosis that could guide the planning of surveillance actions, prevention and control of the vertical transmission of STIs in municipalities of the 4th CRS, since HUSM is a reference in the hospital service for the region. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo geral delinear o perfil epidemiológico das gestantes com diagnóstico de HIV/aids, sífilis e hepatites B e C, notificadas no ano de 2015, em um serviço de referência regional de atenção terciária. Como objetivos específicos: apresentar o perfil epidemiológico das gestantes notificadas no ano de 2015 ao grupo condutor da Linha de Cuidado Materno Infantil do hospital onde desenvolveu-se a pesquisa, e elaborar boletim informativo visando auxiliar a visibilidade dos dados para elencar prioridades de ações da equipe. Trata-se de um estudo transversal retrospectivo realizado em hospital de referência da região central do Rio Grande do Sul. A coleta de dados ocorreu de novembro e dezembro de 2016 e janeiro de 2017, por meio de consulta no sistema e fichas de notificação do Núcleo de Vigilância Epidemiológica Hospitalar. Do levantamento realizado, foram identificados 179 casos de IST em gestantes no ano de 2015. A idade das mulheres variou de 15 a 41 anos. A procedência das gestantes evidenciou que muitas são advindas de municípios de pequeno porte da região central do Rio Grande do Sul, tendo em vista que este hospital é referência para esta região. O produto resultante deste trabalho constou de dois artigos e boletim informativo, amplamente distribuído e divulgado no serviço no qual desenvolveu-se a pesquisa. Como benefícios, após o término da coleta e análise dos dados, os resultados obtidos foram apresentados ao serviço, o que permitiu o conhecimento do diagnóstico situacional que poderá balizar o planejamento de ações de vigilância, prevenção e controle da transmissão vertical das ISTs, nos municípios da 4ª CRS, visto que o HUSM é referência no serviço hospitalar para a região.
- Published
- 2017
142. SERVIÇOS FARMACÊUTICOS: AÇÕES DE GESTÃO NA LINHA DE CUIDADO MATERNO INFANTIL DE UM HOSPITAL UNIVERSITÁRIO
- Author
-
Sangoi, Salete Maria Girardi, Souza, Martha Helena Teixeira de, Beck, Sandra Trevisan, Zamberlan, Claudia, and Diaz, Claudia Maria Gabert
- Subjects
Saúde Materno Infantil ,Management ,Hospital ,Pharmaceutical services ,Gestão ,Serviços farmacêuticos - Abstract
Submitted by MARCIA ROVADOSCHI (marciar@unifra.br) on 2018-08-22T13:43:32Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_SaleteMariaGirardiSangoi.pdf: 1815341 bytes, checksum: 6babc682e938142e957181316f38a18a (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T13:43:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_SaleteMariaGirardiSangoi.pdf: 1815341 bytes, checksum: 6babc682e938142e957181316f38a18a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-26 The Unified Health System was created to carry out health promotion, prevention and recovery actions, obeying the principles of equality, universality and integral access to actions and services. The pharmaceutical professional is inserted in all levels of attention, that is, from primary care, specialized services and tertiary care. However, there is a gap in what refers to the performance of the pharmacist in the management of the health system. So that, this dissertation had as objective to enhance the integration and participation of the pharmaceutical professionals of the clinical analysis and hospital pharmacy services in the management of the Maternal Child Care Line of an University Hospital. Its specific objectives were: to present the main demands of the Maternal and Child Care Line for the pharmaceutical services linked to the laboratory of clinical analysis and hospital pharmacy of the institution; to discuss the result of prioritizing problems with managers of the clinical laboratory and hospital pharmacy and to elaborate informative material with the data collected, aiming to support the decision-making process by the management team of the Maternal Child Care Line. This work is justified by the need to promote greater integration of pharmacy professionals, as well as their recognition, of the importance of the performance of the pharmaceutical services in the management actions established for the Maternal and Child Care of the hospital. For that, a research-action methodology was developed, from November 2016 to May 2017. Ten of the health professionals who are part of the Line of Maternal Child Care participated in the research. Based on the data collected, the group's priorities were the resolvability of laboratory tests and the need for constant and permanent dialogue between the team. As a result, two articles were produced. The first one consists in a narrative review about the role of the pharmacist in tertiary services, whose objective was to get to know the recent literature on the subject and, based on it, to build a solid data base capable of subsidizing the discussion presented in this paper. The second, in turn, presents the demands of the pharmaceutical services of a university hospital, which were listed based on the empirical research developed. The product generated was informative material in a banner format, which was exposed in the meeting room of the Child Care Line of the team in order to give visibility to the priorities listed by the team. O Sistema Único de Saúde foi criado para executar ações de promoção, prevenção e recuperação da saúde, obedecendo aos princípios da igualdade, universalidade e integralidade do acesso às ações e aos serviços. O profissional farmacêutico encontra-se inserido em todos os níveis de atenção, ou seja, desde a atenção primária, serviços especializados e na atenção terciária. No entanto, há uma lacuna no que se refere à atuação do farmacêutico na gestão do sistema de saúde. Assim, essa dissertação teve como objetivo geral potencializar a integração e a participação dos profissionais farmacêuticos dos serviços de análises clínicas e farmácia hospitalar na gestão da Linha de Cuidado Materno Infantil do Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria. E como objetivos específicos: apresentar as principais demandas da Linha de Cuidado Materno Infantil para os serviços farmacêuticos vinculados ao laboratório de análises clínicas e farmácia hospitalar do Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria; discutir o resultado da priorização de problemas com os gestores do laboratório de análises clínicas e farmácia hospitalar; elaborar material informativo com os dados coletados, visando apoiar o processo de tomadas de decisão pela equipe gestora da Linha de Cuidado Materno Infantil. Esse trabalho se justifica pela necessidade de promover maior integração dos profissionais farmacêuticos, bem como o reconhecimento por parte destes, da importância da atuação dos serviços farmacêuticos nas ações de gestão estabelecidas para a Linha de Cuidado Materno Infantil do Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria. Para tanto, desenvolveu-se metodologia de pesquisa-ação, no período de novembro de 2016 a maio de 2017. Participaram da pesquisa dez profissionais de saúde que fazem parte da equipe da Linha de Cuidado Materno Infantil. A partir dos dados coletados, observou-se como prioridades do grupo a resolutividade nos exames laboratoriais e a necessidade de um diálogo constante e permanente da equipe. Como resultado, foram produzidos dois artigos. O primeiro deles consiste em uma revisão narrativa acerca do papel do farmacêutico em serviços terciários, a qual teve como objetivo conhecer a literatura recente acerca do tema e, a partir dela, construir uma base sólida de dados capaz de subsidiar a discussão apresentada neste trabalho. O segundo, por sua vez, apresenta as demandas dos serviços farmacêuticos de um hospital universitário, as quais foram elencadas a partir da pesquisa empírica desenvolvida. O produto gerado foi material informativo em formato banner, o qual ficou exposto na sala de reuniões da equipe da Linha de Cuidado Materno Infantil com a finalidade de dar visibilidade às prioridades elencadas pela equipe.
- Published
- 2017
143. Evaluation of purinergic signaling in patients with Multiple Myeloma
- Author
-
Soares, Pâmela de Brum, Silva, José Edson Paz da, Leal, Daniela Bitencourt Rosa, Gonçalves, Jamile Fabbrin, Fleck, Juliana, Magni, Danieli Valnes, and Beck, Sandra Trevisan
- Subjects
Mieloma múltiplo ,Sinalização purinérgica ,CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::FARMACOLOGIA [CNPQ] ,Multiple myeloma ,Caspases ,Purinergic signaling ,Cytokines ,Citocinas - Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable hematological disorder characterized by clonal population of bone marrow plasma cells proliferation, which secrete monoclonal antibodies or fragments thereof, causing failure in normal hematopoiesis. In addition to failures in responses mediated by altered antibodies, the patients show defects in their cellular immune responses, often with the occurrence of infections. The nucleotidases, ecto-nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (NTPDase) and 5'-nucleotidase (5'-NT), and adenosine deaminase (ADA), in their soluble forms or in the external surface of the cell membrane such lymphocytes, have shown to influence, directly or indirectly, the growth of tumor cells by modulating of signaling molecules such as ATP, ADP, AMP and adenosine, by various mechanisms involving the purinergic system. This system dynamically changes with the pathophysiologic context in which it is inserted and is also linked to cytokines production, affecting the growth, survival and apoptosis process in myeloma cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the activities of NTPDase, 5'-NT and ADA enzymes carried out by spectrophotometry, present in the serum of patients with MM treated (n = 22) and untreated (n = 9), at least in the last 90 days (plateau phase), and of the control group (n=30), its correlation with the activity of caspases 1, 3 and 8 performed by fluorimetry, and the relationship with the concentration of various cytokines identified by flow cytometry. Moreover, we also evaluated the activity of E-NTPDase and E-ADA by spectrophotometry as well as the percentage of CD39+ and CD73+ expression in lymphocytes, identified by flow cytometry, of MM patients treated (n = 32) and untreated (n = 10) (plateau phase) and of the control group (n=85). The obtained results demonstrated a reduction in the nucleotidases activity (5'-NT and NTPDase) and increased in ADA activity in serum from patients with MM. Serum levels of IL-6 and IL-10 cytokines were between 80% and 100% higher, respectively, in MM patients and may be related to immunosuppressive and anti-apoptotic effects. The anti-apoptotic effects appear to be increased since the activity of caspases 1, 3 and 8 were reduced approximately 70% in patients with MM and were positively correlated with the activities of NTPDase and 5'-NT. Evaluation of E-NTPDase activity and percentage of CD39+ lymphocytes was not modified in patients with MM, while there was a reduction in the percentage of CD73+ lymphocytes in the patients treated. Also, the E-ADA activity in lymphocytes presented increased in both groups of MM patients as well as in the serum, indicating a possible compensation against an increase of extracellular adenosine. Thus, it can be concluded that patients with MM exhibit a modulation in purinergic signaling resulting from changes in activities or percentage of expression of enzymes responsible for the system, that are directly or indirectly related to the concentration of certain cytokines and the activity of caspases. The effect of the modulation of the purinergic system may affect the immune response in these patients and may be involved in the relapse of the disease and / or resistance to treatment, and susceptibility to infections. O mieloma múltiplo (MM) é uma doença hematológica incurável caracterizada pela proliferação de população clonal de plasmócitos na medula óssea, que secretam anticorpos monoclonais ou fragmentos destes, ocasionando na falha da hematopoiese normal. Em adição às falhas nas respostas mediadas pelos anticorpos alterados, os pacientes demonstram defeitos nas suas respostas imunes celulares, sendo frequente a ocorrência de infecções. As nucleotidases, ecto-nucleosídeo trifosfato difosfoidrolase (NTPDase) e 5'-nucleotidase (5'-NT), e a adenosina desaminase (ADA), nas suas formas solúveis ou na superfície externa da membrana das células como nos linfócitos, têm demonstrado influenciar, direta ou indiretamente, o crescimento das células tumorais através da modulação de moléculas sinalizadoras como ATP, ADP, AMP e adenosina, através de vários mecanismos envolvendo o sistema purinérgico. Este sistema muda dinamicamente com o contexto fisiopatológico em que está inserido e está também ligado à produção de citocinas, afetando o crescimento, a sobrevivência e o processo de apoptose em células do mieloma. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as atividades das enzimas NTPDase, 5’-NT e ADA, realizadas por espectrofotometria, presentes no soro de pacientes com MM tratados (n= 22) e não tratados (n=9), pelo menos nos últimos 90 dias (fase de platô), e do grupo controle (n=30), a sua correlação com as atividades das caspases 1, 3 e 8 realizadas por fluorimetria, e a relação com a concentração de diversas citocinas identificadas por citometria de fluxo. Além disso, também foram avaliadas as atividades de E-NTPDase e E-ADA por espectrofotometria, bem como o percentual de expressão de CD39+ e CD73+ em linfócitos, identificados através da citometria de fluxo, de pacientes com MM tratados (n=32) e não tratados (n=10) (fase de platô) e do grupo controle (n=85). Os resultados obtidos demonstraram uma redução na atividade de nucleotidases (NTPDase e 5'-NT) e um aumento da atividade de ADA no soro de pacientes com MM. Os níveis séricos das citocinas IL-6 e IL-10 estavam entre 80% e 100% mais elevados, respectivamente, em pacientes com MM e podem estar relacionados com efeitos imunossupressores e antiapoptóticos. Os efeitos antiapoptóticos parecem estar aumentados uma vez que as atividades das caspases 1, 3 e 8 estavam aproximadamente 70% reduzidas nos pacientes com MM e foram positivamente correlacionadas com as atividades de NTPDase e 5'-NT. A avaliação da atividade de E-NTPDase e percentagem de linfócitos CD39+ não foi modificada nos pacientes com MM, enquanto houve uma redução no percentual de linfócitos CD73+ nos pacientes tratados. Ainda, a atividade de E-ADA nos linfócitos apresentou-se aumentada em ambos os grupos de pacientes com MM, assim como no soro, indicando uma possível compensação frente a um aumento de adenosina extracelular. Dessa forma, pode-se concluir que os pacientes com MM apresentam uma modulação na sinalização purinérgica decorrente de alterações nas atividades ou percentual de expressão das enzimas responsáveis por este sistema, que estão relacionadas direta ou indiretamente com a concentração de algumas citocinas e atividade das caspases. O efeito da modulação do sistema purinérgico pode afetar a resposta imune destes pacientes e pode estar envolvido com a recaída da doença e/ou resistência aos tratamentos, além de suscetibilidade a infecções.
- Published
- 2016
144. Changes of gene TP53 in patients with mucosa esophageal squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus
- Author
-
Pacheco, Luísa Silva, Campos, Marli Matiko Anraku de, Fagundes, Renato Borges, Beck, Sandra Trevisan, and Rezer, João Felipe Peres
- Subjects
Câncer de esôfago ,Esophageal cancer ,Mutation ,Gene TP53 ,CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::FARMACIA [CNPQ] ,Mutação - Abstract
Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq Esophageal cancer is a tumor with a higher incidence in males, and it is highly fatal. Epidemiological data points out to consumption of tobacco and alcohol and the exposition to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon are the main risk factors for the development of this cancer. The TP53 gene is responsible for growth control and cell division, and fifty percent of all human tumors presents somatic mutation in this gene. The objective was to verify the prevalence of mutations in the exons 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 of TP53 gene in esophageal biopsies of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma diagnosed at Hospital Universitario de Santa Maria. We extracted the DNA from 49 esophageal biopsies through salting out technique. The analysis of TP53 gene was performed by amplification of the exons 5, 6, 7, 8 e 9 by the PCR technique. Then, the samples were submitted to sequencing analysis. Forty-nine samples proved to be viable for amplification. Nine cases showed at least one mutation in any of the 5 exons. Among these 9 cases, we found 4 (44.4%) mutations in exon 5, 2 (22.2) in exon 7 and 3 (33.3%) in exon 8. We did not find mutations in exons 6 and 9. Overall the samples presented 17 somatic mutations with point mutations in 8 of them, most G:C> A:T. Only one case presented insertion type mutation. The prevalence of mutations in TP53 gene in the present study was 18.36%. The pattern of mutations found was heterogeneous, and most potentially attributable transversions to environmental carcinogens. O câncer de esôfago é uma neoplasia com alta incidência no RS, acomete homens com maior frequência e é altamente fatal. Dados epidemiológicos indicam que o tabagismo, o consumo regular de álcool e exposição aos hidrocarbonetos aromáticos policíclicos como os principais fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento dessa neoplasia. O gene TP53 é responsável pelo controle do crescimento e divisão celular. As mutações somáticas neste gene são encontradas em aproximadamente 50% de todos os tumores humanos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a prevalência das mutações presentes nos éxons 5, 6, 7, 8 e 9 do gene TP53 nas biópsias esofágicas de pacientes com carcinoma de células escamosas esofágicas diagnosticados no Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria. Foram extraídos os DNAs de 49 biópsias esofágicas através da técnica de salting out. A análise do gene TP53 foi realizada pela amplificação dos éxons 5, 6, 7, 8 e 9 pela técnica de PCR. Os produtos da PCR foram posteriormente encaminhados para análise de sequenciamento. Quarenta e nove amostras mostraramse viáveis para amplificação do gene, e destas, nove apresentaram ao menos 1 mutação em um dos 5 éxons. Dentre os 9 casos de mutações, constatou-se que quatro amostras apresentaram mutações no éxon 5 (44,4%), duas amostras no éxon 7 (22,2%) e 3 amostras no éxon 8 (33,3%), sendo que nenhuma apresentou mutações nos éxons 6 e 9. Dezessete mutações somáticas foram observadas nessas amostras, mutações pontuais foram encontradas em 8 amostras, sendo a maioria G:C>A:T. Somente uma amostra apresentou uma mutação do tipo inserção. A prevalência de mutações no gene TP53 no presente estudo foi de 18,36%. O padrão de mutações encontrado foi heterogêneo, sendo a maioria transversões potencialmente atribuíveis a agentes cancerígenos ambientais.
- Published
- 2016
145. Vitamin C in the serum and gastric juice of dyspeptic patients with and without Helicobacter pylori infection
- Author
-
Silva, Carina Siqueira Martelli da, Fagundes, Renato Borges, Beck, Sandra Trevisan, and Comim, Fabio Vasconcellos
- Subjects
Consumo alimentar ,Vitamina C ,Helicobacter pylori ,H pylori ,CIENCIAS DA SAUDE [CNPQ] ,Food intake ,Vitamin C - Abstract
Introduction: Helicobater pylori interferes with vitamin C homeostasis and low levels of vitamin C may be a risk factor for H. pylori infection. Objective: to investigate the vitamin C serum and gastric juice levels of patients infected and non-infected by H. pylori. Additionally assess the association of vitamin C levels with H.pylori status, gastric pH and histological changes of gastric mucosa of dyspeptic patients with normal upper GI endoscopy. Methods: We studied 42 dyspeptic patients undergoing upper GI endoscopy had biopsies for diagnosis of H. pylori infection and gastric mucosa changes. We also collected 5 ml of blood (for dosage of serum vitamin C) and 10 ml of gastric juice. We measure pH of gastric juice. We used high-performance liquid chromatography to assess Vitamin C in serum and gastric juice. Results: The average age was 52 years (SD±11.8), 84.4% female, overweight BMI median 27,7) with adequate dietary intake of vitamin C. Twenty four (53.3%) patients had H. pylori infection. The median serum vitamin C levels in infected and non-infected was 3.9 and 3.4 μg (p = 0.59). The median gastric juice levels of vitamin C was 9,8 μg in infected and 18.4 μg in non-infected (p = 0.03). The histology showed normal mucosa in eight 8 (20%), chronic non-atrophic gastritis in 23 (55%) and chronic atrophic gastritis in 11 (26%) patients. There was no significant association of histology with Vitamin C serum levels (p = 0.26) or gastric (p = 0.29). Conclusion: Vitamin C serum levels were within the normal range, and most patients had adequate food ingestion of vitamin C. Serum levels of vitamin C were similar in individuals infected and non-infected while vitamin C levels in the gastric juice of patients infected were reduced compared with patients non-infected. Serum levels of vitamin C were higher in the gastric juice than in serum, regardless the patients were infected or not. Introdução: A infecção por Helicobater pylori influencia na homeostase da vitamina C e níveis baixos da mesma podem determinar risco para a infecção. Objetivo: Investigar os níveis de vitamina C no soro e suco gástrico de pacientes infectados e não infectados por H. pylori e estudar sua associação com a infecção, com o pH gástrico e com as alterações anatomopatológicas da mucosa gástrica de pacientes dispépticos funcionais. Métodos: Foram estudados 42 pacientes dispépticos submetidos a endoscopia digestiva alta e biópsia para diagnóstico da infecção por H. pylori e de alterações anatomopatológicas da mucosa gástrica, classificadas de acordo com o Sistema Sidney. Aspirado suco gástrico com mensuração do pH e coleta de 5 ml de sangue para dosagem de vitamina C no soro. A dosagem da Vitamina C no soro e no suco gástrico foi realizada por cromatografia líquida de alta performance. Resultados: A idade média foi de 52 anos (DP±11,8), 84,4% do sexo feminino, com sobrepeso (IMC mediana=27,7), com adequada ingestão alimentar de vitamina C. Vinte e quatro (53,3%) pacientes apresentavam infecção por H. pylori. A mediana dos níveis de vitamina C no soro dos infectados foi 3,9 μg/ml e nos não infectados 3,4 μg/ml (p=0,59). A mediana dos níveis de vitamina C no suco gástrico foi 9,8 μg/ml nos infectados e 18,4 μg/ml nos não infectados (p=0,03). A histologia demonstrou mucosa normal em 8 (20%), gastrite crônica não atrófica em 23 (55%) e gastrite crônica atrófica em 11 (26%) pacientes, sem associação significativa com os níveis séricos (p=0,26) ou gástricos (p=0,29) da vitamina C. Conclusões: O nível sérico da vitamina C nos pacientes estudados esteve dentro dos valores de referência normais e o consumo de vitamina C foi adequado na maioria. Os níveis séricos da vitamina C foram semelhantes em indivíduos infectados e não infectados enquanto os níveis de vitamina C apresentaram-se reduzidos no suco gástrico dos pacientes infectados por H. pylori em comparação com os não infectados. Os níveis séricos de vitamina C foram mais altos no suco gástrico do que no soro, independentemente da condição de infectado ou não.
- Published
- 2015
146. Fremdheit in der Heymat als Zuschreibung, Faszinosum und Bedrohung – Ein Versuch über Jakob Arjounis Bruder Kemal
- Author
-
MORALDO, SANDRO, Beck, Sandra/Schneider-Özbek, Katrin, and Moraldo, Sandro M.
- Subjects
Germanistik - Literaturwissenschaft, Zur Literatur des 20./21. Jahrhunderts, Kriminalliteratur, Jakob Arjouni, Bruder Kemal - Abstract
Mehr als andere Gattungen steht der Kriminalroman – zumal in seiner klassischen Form – in einer festen thematischen und formalen Tradition: Die für ihn typischen Elemente werden pragmatisch und zielgerichtet eingesetzt, von Mal zu Mal (leicht) variiert und mit der richtigen Portion Spannung versehen. Ein Schema mit Konstanten und Varianten. Die nachhaltige Befriedigung, die die Gattung so bei ihren Konsumenten erzeugt, hat etwas mit dem Bedürfnis zu tun, die Alltagswirklichkeit als eine lückenlose und sinnvolle Kette von Ursachen und Wirkungen zu begreifen. Das ist ihr Erfolgsrezept. Aber auch ihr Limit. Denn gute Krimis sind mehr als nur schematische Konstruktionen, mitreißende Geschichten von der Kehrseite des Guten oder spannender Unterhaltungsstoff eines Autors, der sein erzählerisches Handwerk perfekt beherrscht und den Plot virtuos auf Standardsituationen zu komprimieren versteht. Formale Kunstfertigkeit, sprachliche Finesse, Sinn für Dramaturgie, Detaildichte, präzise Charakterskizzen, glaubwürdig gezeichnete Nebenfiguren etc. verleihen vielen Kriminalromanen Tiefe und Weltläufigkeit. Schon Thomas De Quincey (1977: 45-46) hatte in seiner Schrift Der Mord als eine schöne Kunst betrachtet (1827/1854) die These aufgestellt, dass „zur künstlerischen Vollendung einer Mordtat doch etwas mehr gehört als zwei Dummköpfe, einer, der tötet, und einer, der getötet wird, ein Messer, eine Brieftasche und eine dunkle Gasse“, nämlich „Sinn für Gruppierung und Beleuchtung, poetisches Empfinden und Zartgefühl“. Der Versuch, u.a. durch Variation, Verfremdung und Parodie eingefahrene Schemata und dramaturgische Grundmuster zu reaktivieren, um damit dem Wirklichkeitsverständnis des Kriminalromans eine neue Dimension zu geben, hat bedenkenswerte Entwicklungen offen gelegt und die Gattung in ein neues Licht gerückt. Auch für Bertolt Brecht liegt „ein Charakteristikum des Kriminalromans in der Variation mehr oder weniger festgelegter Elemente“, die „dem ganzen Genre sogar das ästhetische Niveau [verleiht]“ (Brecht 1993: 504). Im Gegensatz zum wirklichen Leben ermögliche es der Kriminalroman, die „Kausalität menschlicher Handlungen zu fixieren“. Diese „intellektuellen Operationen“ seien das eigentliche Vergnügen beim Lesen und würden maßgeblich zur Popularität der Gattung beitragen. (ebd.: 509). Friedrich Glauser wiederum sah den Kriminalroman als „verachteten Bruder“ des Romans, von dessen Eigenschaften er „einzig die Spannung beibehalten“ habe, wobei er zwar auch ein wenig fabuliere, „jedoch ohne die sicheren Pfade zu verlassen“ (Glauser 1993: 214f.). 1987 sicherte sich nun der weitsichtige Züricher Diogenes Verlag die Rechte an einem Krimiautor, der es wie kein anderer im Laufe der Zeit verstand, die von Brecht und Glauser propagierten idealen Gattungsmerkmale – Variation und erzählerisches Handwerk – in seinen Detektivromanen exemplarisch umzusetzen und mit hintergründigem Witz und aus unerwarteten Perspektiven die Wirklichkeit abzubilden. Die Rede ist von Jakob Arjouni, der seit seinem fulminanten Erstling Happy Birthday, Türke! im Jahre 1987 zu einem der meistbeachteten Krimiautoren avanciert ist.
- Published
- 2015
147. Early detection of relapses in patients with multiple myeloma by analysis of monoclonal immunoglobulins
- Author
-
Aita, Marta Helena Carlesso, Silva, José Edson Paz da, Arantes, Luiz Claudio, Beck, Sandra Trevisan, and Moreira, Cleci Menezes
- Subjects
Electrophoresis ,Mieloma múltiplo ,Immunofixation ,Multiple myeloma ,Imunofixação ,CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::FARMACIA [CNPQ] ,Eletroforese ,Recidivas ,Relapses - Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable progressive hematologic malignancy with heterogeneous evolution. It is a disease characterized by abnormal clonal proliferation of plasma cells in the bone marrow producing monoclonal immunoglobulins and causing a number of organ dysfunctions. Most patients relapse after treatment. Therefore, the use of methods of analysis of serum and urinary samples in order to detect as early as possible the presence of monoclonal immunoglobulins, before the occurrence of relapses, may aid in the treatment of patients with MM, improving its quality and prolonging survival. In this study we compared the effectiveness of the techniques of immunofixation (IF) and electrophoresis (EP) in the detection of MM relapses. For this, 52 patients under treatment in the University Hospital of Santa Maria (HUSM) were monitored, being detected the relapse of the disease in nine of these patients. A retrospective analysis of serum proteins of the nine patients, between January 2012 and July 2014, showed that IF was more effective than EP in early detection of relapse, regardless of the present class of immunoglobulins. The precocity of IF in relation to EP in detecting MM relapses in the nine patients studied, ranged from 2.0 to 18.8 months, with a mean of 6.6 months. Thus, we suggest the implementation of IF in the Clinical Analysis Laboratory (CAL) of HUSM to help onco-hematology physicians in the diagnosis and supportive care for patients with MM. O mieloma múltiplo (MM) é uma neoplasia hematológica progressiva, com evolução heterogênea e ainda incurável. É uma doença caracterizada pela proliferação clonal anormal de plasmócitos na medula óssea produzindo imunoglobulinas monoclonais e ocasionando uma série de disfunções orgânicas. A maioria dos pacientes recidivam após o tratamento. Portanto, a utilização de métodos de análise de amostras séricas e urinárias, que permitam detectar o mais precocemente possível a presença de imunoglobulinas monoclonais, antes da ocorrência das recidivas, pode auxiliar no tratamento de pacientes com MM, melhorando a qualidade e ampliando o tempo de sobrevida dos mesmos. No presente estudo foram comparadas as técnicas de imunofixação (IF) e eletroforese (EF) quanto a sua eficácia na detecção das recidivas do MM. Para isso, foram monitorados 52 pacientes em tratamento junto ao Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria (HUSM), sendo detectada a recidiva da doença em nove destes pacientes. A análise retrospectiva de proteínas séricas dos nove pacientes, no período entre janeiro de 2012 e julho de 2014, mostrou que a IF foi mais eficaz do que a EF em detectar precocemente as recidivas, independentemente da classe de imunoglobulinas presente. Nos nove pacientes recidivados, a precocidade da IF, em relação à EF, na detecção das recidivas do MM variou de 2,0 a 18,8 meses, com um tempo médio de 6,6 meses.
- Published
- 2014
148. Molecular characterization of enterobacteriaceae resistant to carbapenemic antimicrobians at the University Hospital of Santa Maria
- Author
-
Marques, Jaciane Baggiotto, Campos, Marli Matiko Anraku de, Santos, Roberto Christ Vianna, and Beck, Sandra Trevisan
- Subjects
Carbapenemase ,Métodos fenotípicos ,Enterobacteriaceae ,Phenotypic methods ,CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::FARMACIA [CNPQ] ,Carbapenemases ,Métodos moleculares ,Enterobactérias ,Molecular methods - Abstract
Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq Enterobacteriaceae resistant to carbapenems cause great impact on public health due to their different evolutionary mechanisms of resistance. The mechanism of resistance that recently has been reported in Enterobacteriaceae is due to production of carbapenemases. Carbapenemases are enzymes that act against carbapenems such as meropenem, ertapenem, and imipenem. The most frequently reported are the metallo-β-Lactamases and serin-carbapenemases, which are classified according to their molecular structure. The detection of such enzymes is a challenge faced in many clinical laboratories due to the delay in obtaining results and use of not very sensitive methods. The present study aimed to characterize genotypic and phenotypically clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant Enterobateriaceae, during over seven months, isolated from inpatients at the University Hospital of Santa Maria. Results show that the modified Hodge (MHT) test is able to identify, in most cases, the strains producing any kind of resistance. Similarly, the search for genes - through PCR - was effective in identifying carbapenemase enzymes such as blaKPC, blaIMP e blaVIM. Therefore, none of these methods alone is enough for the detection of resistance mechanisms. Therefore, the combined use of the methods is needed to identify the resistance to carbapenems produced by enterobacteria to prevent its spread and promote the control of infections caused by these organisms. As enterobactérias resistentes aos carbapenêmicos causam grande impacto para a saúde pública devido a seus diferentes mecanismos evolutivos de resistência. Um dos principais mecanismos relatados é a produção de carbapenemases, que são enzimas que atuam hidrolisando os antibacterianos carbapenêmicos como meropenem, ertapenem e imipenem. A detecção dessas enzimas é um desafio encontrado em muitos laboratórios de rotina de microbiologia clínica devido à demora na obtenção dos resultados e à utilização de métodos pouco sensíveis. Este trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar fenotipicamentee genotipicamente isolados clínicos de Enterobateriaceae resistentes aos carbapenêmicos, provenientes de pacientes internados no Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria-RS, no período de março a abril de 2013. Foram incluídas enterobactérias com o perfil de resistência carbapenêmicos (ertapenem, meropenem e imipenem), cujo teste de sensibilidade aos antimicrobianos foi realizado por método automatizado Vitek ® 2 (BioMérieux) e/ou por ensaio de disco difusão, provenientes de qualquer sítio de isolamento. Os isolados foram submetidos ao teste modificado de Hogde (MHT) e, a seguir, foi realizada pesquisa dos genes blaKPC,blaSPM, blaIMP, blaVIM, blaGIM, blaNDM e blaOXA-48, por PCR. Dentre os isolados clínicos submetidos ao MHT, 62,5% (n=20) apresentaram positividade, indicando a produção de carbapenemase. Ainda sobre o total de microrganismos estudados, o teste genotípico evidenciou que o blaKPC foi o gene mais encontrado, em 31% (n=10) das amostras, seguido de blaIMP em 12,5% (n=4) amostras. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que o uso conjunto de distintas metodologias se faz necessário para identificar a resistência aos carbapenêmicos produzida pelas enterobactérias, de modo a auxiliar o controle de infecção na prevenção da disseminação desses microrganismos.
- Published
- 2014
149. Atividade da clorexidina sobre biofilmes microbianos
- Author
-
Bonez, Pauline Cordenonsi, Campos, Marli Matiko Anraku de, Santos, Roberto Christ Vianna, Beck, Sandra Trevisan, and Vaucher, Rodrigo de Almeida
- Subjects
Resistência microbiana ,Biofilms ,Chlorhexidine ,Clorexidina ,Microbial resistance ,biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition ,CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::FARMACIA [CNPQ] ,Biofilmes - Abstract
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior Biofilms are biological communities with a high degree of organization in which microorganisms are adhered to a surface. Microorganisms, when in biofilm, become a target of concern in the clinical field due to the low response to antimicrobial treatments and ease of colonization of surfaces such as implants, catheters and surgical instruments. Several studies have shown that antimicrobial and biocides have their effectiveness decreased against biofilms. Chlorhexidine is a powerful antiseptic widely used in hospitals especially applied in hand antisepsis, disinfection of environments, and sterilization of surgical instruments used in invasive procedures. Thus, the present study aimed to determine whether bacterial and fungal biofilms are able to resist the antimicrobial action of chlorhexidine. Disk diffusion and susceptibility tests were performed according to Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI), 2013. To determine the Biofilm Inhibition Concentration (BIC), chlorhexidine was tested at concentrations of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and at higher concentrations when necessary. The plates were developed with a solution of 0.1% crystal violet and the optical density (OD) was obtained at 570 nm. Results showed that chlorhexidine has excellent antimicrobial activity against most organisms tested in its free form; however, it was less effective against biofilms of Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus resistant to Methicillin (MRSA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, developed in isolation for each species. Thus, chlorhexidine is likely to have its antimicrobial activity decreased when exposed to microorganisms in biofilms. This probably occurs due to resistance mechanisms attributed to the biofilm structure exopolysaccharide matrix, quorum sensing (QS), genetic diversity and to the inappropriate use of this biocide. Biofilmes são comunidades biológicas com elevado grau de organização, onde os microrganismos se encontram aderidos a uma superfície. Os microrganismos, quando em biofilme, tornam-se alvo de preocupação na área clínica devido à baixa resposta aos tratamentos antimicrobianos e à facilidade de colonização de superfícies como próteses, cateteres e instrumentos cirúrgicos. Vários estudos demonstram que os antimicrobianos e biocidas têm sua eficácia diminuída frente aos biofilmes. A clorexidina é um poderoso antisséptico largamente empregado no ambiente hospitalar, aplicado especialmente na antissepsia de mãos, desinfecção de ambientes cirúrgicos e esterilização de instrumentos utilizados em procedimentos invasivos. Deste modo, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo verificar se biofilmes bacterianos e fúngico são capazes de resistir à atuação antimicrobiana da clorexidina. Testes de disco-difusão e de suscetibilidade foram conduzidos de acordo com CLSI (Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute), 2013. Para a determinação da CIB (Concentração de Inibição de Biofilme), a clorexidina foi testada nas concentrações da CIM (Concentração Inibitória Mínima) e em concentrações maiores, quando necessário. As placas foram reveladas com solução de 0.1% de Cristal Violeta e a densidade óptica (D.O.) obtida em 570nm. Os resultados demostraram que a clorexidina possui uma excelente atividade antimicrobiana para a maioria dos microrganismos testados em suas formas livres, porém, mostrou-se menos eficaz contra os biofilmes de Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus resistentes a Meticilina (MRSA) e Pseudomonas aeruginosa, desenvolvidos de forma isolada para cada espécie. Assim, sugere-se que a clorexidina apresenta sua atividade antimicrobiana diminuída quando exposta a microrganismos em biofilme. Provavelmente isso ocorra devido aos mecanismos de resistência atribuídos à estrutura do biofilme - matriz exopolissacarídica, quorum sensing (QS), diversidade genética - e também ao uso inadequado deste biocida.
- Published
- 2014
150. Distinction between hematogones and blasts in patients with B-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia
- Author
-
Wohlfahrt, Aline Bicca, Silva, José Edson Paz da, Duarte, Marta Maria Medeiros Frescura, and Beck, Sandra Trevisan
- Subjects
Profile laboratory hematology ,CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::FARMACOLOGIA [CNPQ] ,Fatores ambientais ,Perfil laboratorial hematológico ,Environmental factors ,Hematogônias ,Leucemia linfocítica aguda de células B ,B-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia ,Flow cytometry ,Hematogones ,Citometria de fluxo - Abstract
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior Hematogones are B-lineage lymphoid precursors cells normally found in bone marrow. The B-cell Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (B-ALL) is a lymphocytic precursors neoplasia with consequent accumulation of immature cells called lymphoblasts in bone marrow. The increase of hematogones after treatment for B-ALL or marrow transplantation may cause doubt to the prognosis due to morphological and immunophenotypic similarities between these normal and malignant precursors cells. The aim of this study was to differentiate subpopulations of hematogones and B lymphoblasts by immunophenotyping using flow cytometry, attempting to identify the hematological laboratory profile at diagnosis and the environmental factors that characterize patients with B-ALL. Group 1 consisted of healthy controls free of hematologic malignancy and group 2 consisted of pediatric patients recently diagnosed with B-ALL before the start of chemotherapy, both in bone marrow samples. Antibodies directed against CD45, CD10, CD19, CD34 and mIgM (membrane) were used, which enabled us to distinguish the degree of cell maturation. Despite of the morphological and immunophenotypic similarities, hematogones and B lymphoblasts were differentiated by flow cytometry through distribution and continuous expression of antibodies on the association of CD45 x CD10 and mIgM x CD34 in B population. This technique allowed a better characterization of hematogones in healthy patients, with a progressive maturational pattern within the same cell population, with immature, intermediate and mature cells. The B lymphoblasts exhibited an incomplete maturation spectrum represented by a single population with immaturity characteristics. Among leukemia patients evaluated, 100% were white, with a predominance of children under 10 years (73%) and female sex (64%). These patients had lower hemoglobin levels (91% of cases), platelets (82%) and leukocytes (45.45%), with elevated leukocyte count in 27.3% of subjects. Predominant signs and symptoms were pallor, weakness, petechiae or bruising presence and fever. The same proportion of leukemic patients resided in both rural and urban zones. Patients living in rural area had features that can justify the etiology of ALL, as the professional connection of their parents to contact with toxic products. Morphological revision combined with immunophenotyping has allowed the correct cell identification and distinction between phenotypic subpopulations of hematogones and B lymphoblasts, contributing to an accurate laboratorial prognostic. Due to number of patients with B-ALL of this study, further researches are suggested to correlate the exposure of parents and leukemia patients to potentially oncogenic environmental factors, with the objective of preventing this neoplasia. As hematogônias são células jovens linfoides de linhagem B normalmente encontradas na medula óssea. A leucemia linfocítica aguda de células B (LLA-B) é uma neoplasia de precursores linfocíticos com consequente acúmulo de células imaturas denominadas linfoblastos na medula. O aumento das hematogônias após o tratamento para LLA-B ou um transplante medular pode causar dúvidas quanto ao prognóstico, devido às semelhanças morfológicas e imunofenotípicas entre essas células jovens normais e malignas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi diferenciar subpopulações de hematogônias e linfoblastos B por imunofenotipagem através da citometria de fluxo, buscando identificar o perfil laboratorial hematológico ao diagnóstico e os fatores ambientais que caracterizam os pacientes de LLA-B. O grupo 1 foi constituído de controles sadios isentos de neoplasia hematológica e o grupo 2 constou de pacientes pediátricos recém-diagnosticados com LLA-B antes do início do tratamento quimioterápico, ambos em amostras de medula óssea. Foi utilizado um painel de anticorpos monoclonais composto por: CD45, CD10, CD19, CD34 e mIgM (membrana), que possibilitaram a distinção do grau de maturação das células. Apesar das semelhanças morfológicas e imunofenotípicas, hematogônias e linfoblastos B foram diferenciados por citometria de fluxo através da distribuição e expressão contínua dos anticorpos diante da associação de CD45 x CD10 e mIgM x CD34 na população B. Esta técnica permitiu uma melhor caracterização das hematogônias nos pacientes sadios, apresentando um padrão maturacional progressivo dentro da mesma população celular, com células imaturas, intermediárias e maduras. Os linfoblastos B exibiram um espectro maturacional incompleto representado por única população com características de imaturidade. Entre os pacientes com leucemia avaliados, 100% eram de raça branca, com predomínio de crianças menores de 10 anos (73%) e do sexo feminino (64%). Estes pacientes apresentaram valores reduzidos de hemoglobina (91% dos casos), plaquetas (82%) e leucócitos (45,45%), com leucometria elevada em 27,3% dos indivíduos. Os sinais e sintomas predominantes foram: palidez, astenia, presença de petéquias ou equimoses e febre. A mesma proporção de pacientes leucêmicos residia nas zonas rural e urbana. Os pacientes que moram na área rural apresentaram características que podem justificar a etiologia da LLA, como a ligação profissional dos pais ao contato com produtos tóxicos. A revisão morfológica combinada com a imunofenotipagem permitiu a correta identificação celular e a distinção entre as subpopulações fenotípicas das hematogônias e dos linfoblastos B, contribuindo para um preciso prognóstico laboratorial. Devido ao número de portadores de LLA-B deste estudo, pesquisas adicionais são sugeridas para correlacionar a exposição de pais e pacientes com leucemia aos fatores ambientais potencialmente oncogênicos, com o objetivo de prevenir essa neoplasia.
- Published
- 2013
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.