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Abstract Microwave ablation (MWA) is gaining popularity for the treatment of small primary hepatocellular carcinoma and metastatic lesions especially if patients are not candidates for surgical resection. Deep neuromuscular blockade (DMB) is perceived to improve surgical working conditions compared to moderate neuromuscular blockade (MMB) but no studies have examined the same benefits in MWA of liver tumours. This study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of DMB and MMB in MWA of liver tumours in terms of liver excursion, performance scores by the interventional radiologists and patients, requirements of additional muscle relaxants and complications. 50 patients were recruited and 45 patients (22 in MMB group, 23 in DMB group) completed the study. The mean liver excursion for the MMB group (1.42 ± 1.83 mm) was significantly higher than the DMB group (0.26 ± 0.38 mm) (p = 0.001). The mean Leiden-Surgical Rating Scale (L-SRS) rated by the two interventional radiologists were 4.5 ± 0.59 and 3.6 ± 0.85 for the DMB and MMB groups, respectively (p = 0.01). There was also statistically significant difference on patient satisfaction scores (0–10: Extremely Dissatisfied–Extremely Satisfied) between DMB (8.74 ± 1.1) and MMB (7.86 ± 1.25) groups (p = 0.01). 5 patients from MMB group and none from DMB group required bolus relaxant during the MWA procedure. Adverse events were also noted to be more severe in the MMB group. In conclusion, DMB significantly reduced liver excursion and movement leading to improved accuracy, safety and success in ablating liver tumour.

Toxic materials in waste generally contain several components of the global trending pollutant category, especially PAHs and heavy metals. Bioremediation technology for waste management that utilizes microorganisms (bacteria) has not been fully capable of breaking down these toxic materials into simple and environmentally friendly chemical products. This review paper examines the potential application of a consortium of marine sponge symbionts with high performance and efficiency in removing PAHs and heavy metal contaminants. The method was carried out through a review of several related research articles by the author and published by other researchers. The results of the study conclude that the development of global trending pollutant (GTP) bioremediation technology could be carried out to increase the efficiency of remediation. Several types of marine sponge symbiont bacteria, hydrocarbonoclastic (R-1), metalloclastic (R-2), and metallo-hydro-carbonoclastic (R-3), have the potential to be applied to improve waste removal performance. A consortium of crystalline bacterial preparations is required to mobilize into GTP-exposed sites rapidly. Bacterial symbionts of marine sponges can be traced mainly to sea sponges, whose body surface is covered with mucus.

This study investigates the concept of perceived value on the customers' intention to revisit Malaysian green resorts. It is a cultural case that happened in Malaysia. The perceived value would be assessed in a formative manner based on a multi-dimensional scale, which includes the dimensions of functional, social, emotional, and epistemic. This research was applied to a survey method. The unit of analysis is the resort customers, with distributed questionnaires to customers who have stayed in one of the selected green resorts and have consumed the products and services at these resorts for at least two days. This study provides significant insights and pertinent recommendations to the hospitality industry and extends the existing body of knowledge by assessing perceived value as an integrated formative construct and examining customers' overall perceived value towards green resorts. This study provides an in-depth understanding of the importance of green resorts associated with the communities, groups, and individuals from one generation to the next. Also, this study can be a benchmark, provide guidance, and the basis for future directions of future studies that are similar. It can contribute to providing a broader perspective on the issue. This study also addresses what academicians can do to teach students in the field of hospitality and tourism, create awareness among individual consumers and finally, to promote sustainability for tourists, travelers, as well participants in the field of hospitality. Next, attention is also given to the teaching of the hospitality and tourism areas in the lodging, meetings and events, and foodservice segments of the industry. Sustainability education in lodging operations includes ensuring that students understand that "green" lodging professionals participate. The paper estimates the demand for customers' intention to revisit the green resort in Malaysia. The originality of this paper comes out to the need to identify the application of green initiatives in the hospitality industry continues to rise in their contribution to preserve the environment as well as meeting the demands of environmentally-conscious customers.

INTRODUCTION: Restless leg syndrome (RLS) is a chronic disease that goes with abnormal sensations in the extremities. Usually, the symptoms become evident at night, which causes discomfort and a desire to move. Since the causes of RLS symptoms have not been clearly explained yet, treatment is aimed at alleviating the symptoms. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effectiveness of cupping therapy on RLS. METHODS: Our study was carried out in Ankara City Hospital Neurology and Family Medicine Polyclinics between January 2019 and December 2019. The patients with the diagnosis of Restless Leg Syndrome were divided into two groups. The first group consisted of patients who currently received pramipexole therapy, and the second group consisted of patients who received no medical treatment. Both groups received 2 sessions of cupping therapy at the one-month interval. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Restless Leg Syndrome Severity Scale (RLSSS) were applied to the patients before and after wet cupping therapy, and the scores were compared between groups. RESULTS: In the first group, a significant decrease was found in four RLSS subcategories (need to move, sleep disturbance, mean daily severity of complaints, and RLSSS total score) after wet cupping therapy. In the second group, there was a significant decrease in six categories (rate of RLS complaints, need to move, sleep disturbance, fatigue and sleepiness, frequency of RLS complaints, average daily severity of complaints) after the procedure. In the second group, sleep latency, daytime dysfunction and PSQI total score among the PSQI categories improved significantly (p = 0.041, p = 0.024, p = 0.025, respectively). It was found that the RLSS scores of the second group decreased more significantly after the procedure (p = 0.012). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: It was concluded that wet cupping therapy was more effective in reducing symptoms in the group not receiving medical treatment. Wet cupping therapy can be recommended to reduce symptoms, especially to patients with RLS with mild complaints. With advanced scientific studies examining the effectiveness of cupping therapy, it is thought that the mechanism of action of this treatment will be clarified and it can be applied more effectively and safely.

INTRODUCTION: It is aimed to determine the use of multiple drugs in patients aged 65 and over who are registered in the Home Health Unit, to determine whether the drugs are suitable according to the 2015 and 2019 AGS Beers Criteria, and to investigate whether there is a clinically significant difference between the two versions. METHODS: In our retrospective descriptive study, 659 patient files were scanned. The drug usage data of 493 patients, whose data were eligible, were analyzed according to the 2015 and 2019 AGS Beers criteria. RESULTS: The study included 493 patients, 354 (71.81%) of whom were female. The median number of diagnosed diseases was 6 (min: 1, max: 10), and the most common diseases were hypertension, generalized anxiety disorder, and diabetes mellitus. At least one drug used by 490 patients and the median number of drugs was 7 (min: 0, max: 16). Polypharmacy was detected in 306 (62.45%) patients and excessive polypharmacy in 91 (18.57%) patients. Potential Inappropriate Medication (PIM) status was determined in 211 patients according to 2015 and 2019 Beers criteria. PIM status was determined in 358 active substances according to the 2015 Beers Criteria and 383 active substances according to the 2019 Beers Criteria. The frequency of PIM was higher in patients with polypharmacy compared to both versions. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: PIM status was observed to be significantly higher in patients with polypharmacy. When the PIM detection status of the 2015 and 2019 AGS Beers criteria was compared, inappropriateness was found in more active ingredients in the 2019 version.

This study aimed to reveal the meaning of the word ar-rizq alongside its variants in the Qur'an. Also, this study sought to know the doors of sustenance resting upon the signs in the Qur'an. This study used a thematic method (mawdhu'i) with the term and conceptual thematic model in order to reveal the doors of sustenance from the Qur’anic verses associated with the term ar-rizq. The primary data of this study were the Qur’anic data, namely the Qur’anic verses closely associated with the word ar-rizq in the form of clauses, phrases, and words. Meanwhile, the secondary data were in the form of notions, ideas, and interpretations of the interpreters. The results of this study indicated that the word ar-rizq with its variants is repeated 123 times in the Qur'an, namely 61 times in the form of fi'il and 62 times in the form of isim, which are scattered in 41 Surahs in the Qur'an. The meaning of ar-rizq is all gifts from Allah to all His creatures. Subsequently, the doors of sustenance based on the Qur’anic signs include: guaranteed sustenance, sustenance earned through efforts, sustenance due to istighfar, sustenance due to gratitude to Allah, sustenance for giving alms, and sustenance for devotion to Allah.

Context: Enterococcus faecalis is reported as a biofilm bacterium involved in the pathogenesis of tooth root canal infection. The ability to grow and form biofilms is the reason these bacteria are difficult to be eliminated. Aims: To analyze the antibacterial effect of Citrus aurantiifolia against the growth and biofilm formation of E. faecalis. Methods: This study used E. faecalis ATCC 29212 and ethanol extract of lime peel (Citrus aurantiifolia). The E. faecalis growth was assessed by spectrophotometry, and biofilm formation was examined with 1% violet crystals also visualized by microscope (magnification 400×). Results: Citrus aurantiifolia extract can inhibit the growth and biofilm formation of E. faecalis with varying quantities. Based on period incubations, a concentration of 6.25% had a better ability to suppress the growth of E. faecalis (

INTRODUCTION: COVID-19 (SARS CoV-2) pandemic has influenced the whole world and has become challenging for the health resources of countries. Undoubtedly, some of the most important factors underlying the course of the epidemic with different mortality rates in various countries are the parameters such as the health systems of the countries, the health spending of governments, and the rate of public healthcare utilization. Therefore, in our study, it was aimed to compare the pandemic data of Turkey, European Union countries, and the United States, besides investigating the parameters related to the course of the disease. METHODS: The coronavirus statistics obtained from the Worldometer digital database on the 4th of May 2020 and socio-demographic data and health-related indicators of 28 European Union countries, USA, and Turkey obtained from OECD digital database were investigated. Relations between countries' data were evaluated by Spearman correlation analysis. In the analysis, the upper limit of the alpha error rate was taken as 5%. RESULTS: By the investigation date, the total number of COVID-19 cases were found to be 127,659 in Turkey, 1,234,918 in European Union countries, and 1,212,835 in the USA. The three countries with the highest number of cases in the European Union are Spain (248,301), Italy (211,938) and the United Kingdom (190,584), respectively; the three countries with the most COVID-19 related deaths are Italy (29,079), the United Kingdom (28,734) and Spain (25.428), respectively. It was observed that the mortality rate was directly proportional to the budget allocated by countries to health. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Compared to Europe and America, COVID-19 infection in Turkey has a lower mortality rate. In countries that allocate more budget to health, mortality rates from the disease may be more accurate. Besides, it has been observed that various parameters are related to the course of the disease.

In this study, effects of essential oil of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) and plant extracts of mullein (Verbascum cheiranthifolium) and pyrethrin (Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium) against greenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) on tomato plant (Lycopersicon esculentum) has been researched. In the study, 5 different concentrations of essential oils and plant extracts prepared and applied in two different methods as spraying and dipping to tomato plants. After 24 hours counts, maximum mortality rates were 46.3% for rosemary EO and 0% for mullein and pyrethrin applicaitons. After 72 hours counts, mortality rates were 42.9% for mullein, 69.3% for pyrethrin and 100% for rosemary applications. After 120 hours counts, mortality rates were 74.1% for mullein, 100% for pyrethrin and 100% for rosemary applications.

This study aims to analyze the responses of Indonesian researchers to the integration of Sustainable Developments Goals (SDGs) into language teaching. The data for the articles were collected using the SPAR-SLR technique and thematic analysis. A total of 1701 articles were analyzed, sourced from 42 language teaching journals classified under SINTA levels 1 to 6. The articles collected were from journals with two issues per year. The findings of this research indicate that Indonesian researchers have not given optimal attention to the integration of SDGs into language teaching. This limitation is primarily due to the lack of awareness and capacity among educators to integrate SDGs into language teaching. The limited integration of SDGs in language teaching corresponds with the scarcity of studies on this topic. There is a need to enhance the awareness and capabilities of educators in integrating SDGs into language teaching. Simultaneously, researchers must adopt a scientific inclination in their studies and publications related to the integration of SDGs into language teaching. Collaboration between educators and researchers to improve awareness and capacity is recommended as part of the effort to achieve educational quality, in line with the goals of the SDGs, through language teaching.

The article focuses on identification of students' performance to write paragraphs and the topics needed by students to be developed post global English textbooks exposure. This study aimed to investigate description of current students' performance to write paragraphs after studying a paragraph writing using Global English Textbooks and to find out the topics needed by students to be developed as teaching English textbook materials for Paragraph Writing Course. The research employed a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative analysis of students' paragraph writing performance with qualitative interpretation into their perceptions to the use of global English textbooks as writing paragraph teaching materials. The total samples were 44 students of English Study Program, Faculty of Letters, Universitas Muslim Indonesia. To obtain information from the informants, the researchers employed questionnaires of Paragraph Writing distributed to the students through the Learning Management System (LMS) Google form. The results showed that students exhibited a wide range of proficiency levels in paragraph writing, from advanced to fundamental deficiencies, necessitating targeted support across all skill levels. Moreover, a significant proportion of students lacked confidence in their writing abilities, emphasizing the importance of tailored instruction to address uncertainties effectively. Challenges with global English textbooks, including language complexity and cultural references, exacerbated these issues. Despite the inherent benefits of paragraph writing, such as language development and critical thinking skills, some students questioned its relevance in non-native English education settings. Additionally, doubts about fundamental language aspects like vocabulary and grammar underscored the need for focused instruction in these areas. Overall, addressing these challenges required comprehensive supports and resources to enhance students' paragraph writing skills and confidence levels effectively. Meanwhile, the exploration of sixty topics provided valuable insights into students' interests and knowledge. Among them, sixteen topics emerged as notably popular, indicating a strong resonance with students. These topics ranged from personal narratives to societal issues, reflecting students' diverse values and concerns. Furthermore, themes related to self improvement and academic success garnered considerable interest, underscoring students' aspirations for growth. Even less chosen topics still demonstrated students' engagement with various aspects of interpersonal relationships and cultural identity. Moreover, the inclusion of less common topics reflected students' recognition of broader educational and patriotic ideals, albeit with less enthusiasm.

In Pekanbaru City, more and more female street children are found. They used to roam the crossroads, at the "red light" intersection, on pedestrian bridges, in the shops, and in shopping centers. To anticipate the existence of female street children in Pekanbaru City, the Pekanbaru Social Service as an agency that has authority in handling female street children, has recruited these female street children and returned them to their home areas and to their parents' homes. However, the existence of female street children in the city of Pekanbaru remains a daily sight and in fact, some of them are old faces that have been repatriated. The research objective was first, to identify the social and cultural characteristics of female street children in Pekanbaru City. Second, comprehensively analyze the factors that cause girls to move on the streets. The research method is quantitative descriptive. The population in this study were all female street children in Pekanbaru. From this population, a list of all female street children will be created. From the number, the sample will be taken by simple random sampling. The results of the study showed that out of 115 street children the respondents were aged 4 to 18 years and the most aged between 12 and 14 years (45.22%). Seeing the age of street children who have school age, it turns out that 69.57 percent are not in school. While those who were still in school the education level (74.26%) had elementary school education and (25.74%) were in junior high school. The dominant reason done by street children originating from within themselves is on their own desires and that desire arises because of the economic conditions of the family. It seems that the reasons they put forward on their own are (59.13%) with the aim of helping parents (37.39 %) helps school fees 23.48 percent to find food (21.74%).

Radioembolization shows great potential as a treatment for intermediate- and advanced-stage liver cancer. However, the choices of radioembolic agents are currently limited, and hence the treatment is relatively costly compared to other approaches. In this study, a facile preparation method was developed to produce samarium carbonate-polymethacrylate [152Sm2(CO3)3-PMA] microspheres as neutron activatable radioembolic microspheres for hepatic radioembolization. The developed microspheres emits both therapeutic beta and diagnostic gamma radiations for post-procedural imaging. The 152Sm2(CO3)3-PMA microspheres were produced from commercially available PMA microspheres through the in situ formation of 152Sm2(CO3)3 within the pores of the PMA microspheres. Physicochemical characterization, gamma spectrometry and radionuclide retention assay were performed to evaluate the performance and stability of the developed microspheres. The mean diameter of the developed microspheres was determined as 29.30 ± 0.18 µm. The scanning electron microscopic images show that the spherical and smooth morphology of the microspheres remained after neutron activation. The 153Sm was successful incorporated into the microspheres with no elemental and radionuclide impurities produced after neutron activation, as indicated by the energy dispersive X-ray analysis and gamma spectrometry. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed that there was no alteration to the chemical groups of the microspheres after neutron activation. After 18 h of neutron activation, the microspheres produced an activity of 4.40 ± 0.08 GBq.g−1. The retention of 153Sm on the microspheres was greatly improved to greater than 98% over 120 h when compared to conventionally radiolabeling method at ~85%. The 153Sm2(CO3)3-PMA microspheres achieved suitable physicochemical properties as theragnostic agent for hepatic radioembolization and demonstrated high radionuclide purity and 153Sm retention efficiency in human blood plasma.

Introduction: Neutron-activated samarium-153-oxide-loaded polystyrene ([153Sm]Sm2O3-PS) microspheres has been developed in previous study as a potential theranostic agent for hepatic radioembolization. In this study, the therapeutic efficacy and diagnostic imaging capabilities of the formulation was assessed using liver cancer Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat model. Methods: Twelve male SD rats (150–200 g) that implanted with N1-S1 hepatoma cell line orthotopically were divided into two groups (study versus control) to monitor the tumour growth along 60 days of treatment. The study group received an intra-tumoural injection of approximately 37 MBq of [153Sm]Sm2O3-PS microspheres, while control group received an intra-tumoural injection of 0.1 mL of saline solution. A clinical single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) system was used to scan the rats at Day 5 post-injection to investigate the diagnostic imaging capabilities of the microspheres. All rats were monitored for change in tumour volume using a portable ultrasound system throughout the study period. Histopathological examination (HPE) was performed after the rats were euthanized at Day 60. Results: At Day 60, no tumour was observed on the ultrasound images of all rats in the study group. In contrast, the tumour volumes in the control group were 24-fold larger compared to baseline. Statistically significant difference was observed in tumour volumes between the study and control groups (p < 0.05). The SPECT/CT images clearly displayed the location of [153Sm]Sm2O3-PS in the liver tumour of all rats at Day 5 post-injection. Additionally, the [153Sm]Sm2O3-PS microspheres was visible on the CT images and this has added to the benefits of 153Sm as a CT contrast agent. The HPE results showed that the [153Sm]Sm2O3-PS microspheres remained concentrated at the injection site with no tumour cells observed in the study group. Conclusions: Neutron-activated [153Sm]Sm2O3-PS microspheres demonstrated excellent therapeutic and diagnostic imaging capabilities for theranostic treatment of liver cancer in a SD rat model. Further studies with different animal and tumour models are planned to validate this finding.

Background: Inflammation and the associated immune pathways are among the most important factors in liver regeneration after living donor hepatectomy. Various biomarkers, especially liver function tests, are used to show liver regeneration. The aim of this study was to evaluate the course of liver regeneration following donor hepatectomy (LDH) by routine and regeneration-related biomarkers. Method: Data from 63 living liver donors (LLDs) who underwent LDH in Inonu University Liver Transplant Institute were prospectively analyzed. Serum samples were obtained on the preoperative day and postoperative days (POD) 1, 3, 5, 10, and 21. Regenerative markers including alfa-fetoprotein (AFP), des carboxy prothrombin (DCP), ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4), and angiotensin-converting enzyme isotype II (ACEII) and liver function tests including alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total bilirubin levels were all analyzed. Results: The median age of the LLDs was 29.7 years and 28 LLDs were female. Eight LLDs developed postoperative complications requiring relaparotomy. The routine laboratory parameters including AST (p = 0.006), AFP (p = 0.002), DCP (p = 0.007), and ODC (p = 0.002) showed a significant increase in POD3. The regeneration parameters showed a different pattern of change. In right-lobe liver grafts, ACEII (p = 0.002), AFP (p = 0.035), and ODC (p = 0.001) showed a significant increase over time. DCP (p = 0.129) and RBP4 (p = 0.335) showed no significant changes in right-lobe liver grafts. Conclusions: Regenerative markers are increased in a sustained fashion following LDH. This is more prominent following right-lobe grafts which are indicative of progenitor-associated liver regeneration.

This study aims to reveal the performance and exhaust emissions of a spark ignition (SI) engine fueled by a gasoline-bioethanol mixture. The main performance characteristics of the SI engine tested are torque, power output; thermal efficiency, brake specific fuel consumption, and brake mean effective pressure. Meanwhile, the exhaust emissions seen are carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons. The test is carried out by comparing the performance of the SI engine under standard conditions without modification with gasoline fuel, with the SI engine with modification with 85% bioethanol fuel. The mass flow of fuel is regulated by modifying the carburetor choke at 3/4 and 7/8. The results show that although slightly lower than gasoline, in general, it can be seen that bioethanol can improve SI engine performance and produce environmentally friendly exhaust emissions.

Background: The value of medical registries strongly depends on the quality of the data collected. This must be objectively measured before large clinical databases can be promoted for observational research, quality improvement, and clinical trials. We aimed to evaluate the quality of a multinational intensive care unit (ICU) network of registries of critically ill patients established in seven Asian low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods: The Critical Care Asia federated registry platform enables ICUs to collect clinical, outcome and process data for aggregate and unit-level analysis. The evaluation used the standardised criteria of the Directory of Clinical Databases (DoCDat) and a framework for data quality assurance in medical registries. Six reviewers assessed structure, coverage, reliability and validity of the ICU registry data. Case mix and process measures on patient episodes from June to December 2020 were analysed. Results: Data on 20,507 consecutive patient episodes from 97 ICUs in Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India, Malaysia, Nepal, Pakistan and Vietnam were included. The quality level achieved according to the ten prespecified DoCDat criteria was high (average score 3.4 out of 4) as was the structural and organizational performance -- comparable to ICU registries in high-income countries. Identified strengths were types of variables included, reliability of coding, data completeness and validation. Potential improvements included extension of national coverage, optimization of recruitment completeness validation in all centers and the use of interobserver reliability checks. Conclusions: The Critical Care Asia platform evaluates well using standardised frameworks for data quality and equally to registries in resource-rich settings.

Abstract Background: Left ventricular aneurysm (LVA) is an important complication of acute myocardial infarction. In this study, we investigated the role of N- Terminal pro B type natriuretic peptide level to predict the LVA development after acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Methods: We prospectively enrolled 1519 consecutive patients with STEMI. Patients were divided into two groups according to LVA development within the six months after index myocardial infarction. Patients with or without LVAs were examined to determine if a significant relationship existed between the baseline N- Terminal pro B type natriuretic peptide values and clinical characteristics. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: LVA was detected in 157 patients (10.3%). The baseline N- Terminal pro- B type natriuretic peptide level was significantly higher in patients who developed LVA after acute MI (523.5 ± 231.1 pg/mL vs. 192.3 ± 176.6 pg/mL, respectively, p < 0.001). Independent predictors of LVA formation after acute myocardial infarction was age > 65 y, smoking, Killip class > 2, previous coronary artery bypass graft, post-myocardial infarction heart failure, left ventricular ejection fraction < 50%, failure of reperfusion, no-reflow phenomenon, peak troponin I and CK-MB and NT-pro BNP > 400 pg/mL at admission. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that plasma N- Terminal pro B type natriuretic peptide level at admission among other variables provides valuable predictive information regarding the development of LVA after acute STEMI.

Abstract. In accordance with Law No.6/2014 concerning Villages, villages have the authority to manage their own finances. But in practice there are still many problems that occur, one of which is the aspect of taxation in transactions with parties outside the village. The purpose of this research is to find out whether the problems in the taxation of village funds, both fr om external and internal of villages have been resolved well by the village apparatus and what policies have been carried out by the government to overcome them. The method used is qualitative with interviews and descriptive analysis. The results of this study are that the practice of taxation in the village has gone well but there are still shortcomings in terms of the leadership of the Village Head, HR, Use of the Village Financial System (Siskeudes) and transactions with third parties and the role of Village Consultative Bodies (DPMD) must active in helping solve problems that village officials cannot solve and supervision from the government (Village Fund Task Force and the Audit Board) and district (DPMD) must be improved in human resources and budget aspect. The implication of this research is to open a new perspective on village taxation that has not been discussed before and explore the potential for taxation from the village. Keywords. Village Law; Leadership; Human Resources; Village Financial System. Abstrak. Sesuai dengan UU No.6/2014 tentang Desa, desa memiliki kewenangan untuk mengelola keuangannya sendiri. Namun dalam praktiknya masih banyak permasalahan yang terjadi, salah satunya adalah aspek perpajakan dalam transaksi dengan pihak luar desa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah permasalahan pada perpajakan dana desa baik yang berasal dari eksternal maupun internal desa sudah diselesaikan dengan baik oleh aparatur desa dan kebijakan apa saja yang sudah dilakukan oleh pemerintah untuk menanggulanginya. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan wawancara dan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini adalah praktek perpajakan di desa sudah berjalan dengan baik namun masih terdapat kekurangan dari sisi kepemimpinan Kepala Desa, SDM, Penggunaan Sistem Keuangan Desa dan transaksi dengan pihak ketiga. Peran Badan Permusyawaratan Desa (BPD) dan Dinas Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Desa (DPMD) harus lebih aktif dalam membantu menyelesaikan masalah yang tidak dapat diselesaikan aparatur desa. Pengawasan dari pemerintah pusat (Satgas Dana Desa dan Badan Pemeriksa Keuangan) maupun daerah (DPMD) harus ditingkatkan baik itu SDM maupun anggaran. Implikasi penelitian ini adalah untuk membuka sudut pandang baru mengenai perpajakan desa yang belum dibahas sebelumnya dan menggali potensi perpajakan dari desa. Kata kunci. Kepemimpinan; Sistem Keuangan Desa; Sumber Daya Manusia; UU Desa.

Penggunaan perangkat lunak seperti DSpace, EPrints, ataupun Senayan Library Information Management Systems (SLIMS) dalam membangun sistem repositori tugas akhir menghasilkan sistem yang tidak memiliki karakteristik web modern. Karakteristik yang tidak dimiliki di antaranya tidak bergantung pada konektivitas jaringan sehingga dapat diakses secara offline, terlihat seperti aplikasi native pada umumnya, dapat diinstal pada homescreen perangkat pengguna, dan menampilkan splashscreen ketika awal aplikasi dibuka. Oleh karena itu, untuk membangun sistem repositori tugas akhir yang memiliki karakteristik web modern maka sistem ini akan dibangun berbasis Progressive Web App (PWA) dengan menggunakan teknologi service worker, manifest web app, dan architecture app shell. Dari Hasil implementasi PWA pada sistem menunjukkan bahwa dengan menggunakan service worker akan membuat website tidak bergantung pada konektivitas jaringan sehingga dapat diakses secara offline. Sedangkan, dengan menggunakan manifest web app, website dapat memunculkan pop-up add to homescreen (A2HS) yang berguna bagi pengguna untuk melakukan instalasi sistem pada homescreen perangkat dan memunculkan splashscreen ketika pengguna mengakses sistem melalui icon pada homescreen perangkat. Selain itu, dengan mengimplementasikan architecture app shell membuat perpindahan halaman pada website tidak melakukan load ulang halaman secara keseluruhan. Dari hasil pada pengujian kualitas PWA berdasarkan baseline progressive web app checklist dihasilkan skor 92.4/99. Skor ini menunjukkan bahwa PWA telah diimplementasikan dengan baik pada sistem repositori tugas akhir yang dibangun.

Nutmeg oil from South Aceh is one of the main commodities in Indonesian essential oils trading. Specially, 70-80% Indonesian nutmeg oil trading origin is from South Aceh. On the other hand, a business risk of nutmeg oil is on collectors district, so these actors to be critical point in nutmeg oil production. The objectives of this research were to determine risk factors and to design risk mitigation in nutmeg oils supply chain on South Aceh. The technique used was Failure Mode and Effective Critically Analysis (FMECA). Data collecting according to expert’s survey and background and qualification of experts were academicians, researcher, and practitioners. Academicians and researchers were PhD holders with 10 years experience in agriculture development, practitioners graduate minimally, practitioners were bachelor degree holders with 15 years experience. The result of the study showed that on farmers, the highest risks were on pest and disease attack and price fluctuation, meanwhile on agro-industry actors, the highest risks were on quality product fulfillment and price fluctuation. To arrange over supply, policy analysis was needed for the establishment of business units initiated by local governments.

INTRODUCTION: Deficiencies of Vitamin D (VitD) has been associated with coronary heart disease, hypertension and left ventricular hypertropy. However its effects on cardiac conduction system and atrial fibrillation (AF) predisposition has not been studied yet. In this study we aim to evaluate the effects of VitD on invasive electrophysiologic parameters and AF inducibility. METHODS: This retrospective cross-sectional study included 135 patients. Study population was divided into three group as VitD sufficient, VitD insufficient and VitD deficient according to baseline vitD levels. Patients' invasive electrophysiologic parameters and induced AF episodes were recorded. RESULTS: Corrected sinus node recovery time, baseline cycle length, atrial-His interval, His-ventricular interval and Wenckebach cycle length were lengthened in vitD deficient group but they didn't reach statistical significance. The rate of AF inducibility was twice as likely in VitD deficient group than sufficient group, however, it also didn't reach statistical significance. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Baseline VitD levels were not associated with cardiac electrophysiologic parameters and AF inducibility. To demonstrate the role of VitD in cardiac conduction system and AF inducibility thoroughly, further studies such as addressing VitD replacement are warranted.

The small strain dynamic properties of peat soil are a fundamental parameter related to the mechanical behaviour of a structure constructed on peat ground. These parameters are used in evaluation of the dynamic behaviour and seismic design in geotechnical structures. Determination of dynamic properties of peat soil is often done using laboratory-based tests that risk overestimation and underestimation due to sample disturbance. Since geophysical methods are proven to be able to obtain small strain dynamic properties with similar magnitude as the laboratory tests, it has become popular and is increasingly used in practice. Two geophysical methods known as multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW) and seismic refraction were performed in this study to estimate the small strain maximum shear modulus (Gmax) and maximum elastic modulus (Emax). The results showed the value of Gmax and Emax were ranging from 1.01 to 6.83 MPa and from 3.88 to 10.9 MPa respectively. Correlations were also established to assist in estimating Gmax and Emax on peat soil with bulk density. There appears to be a particularly good link between the Gmax, Emax and bulk density. Overall, the small strain dynamic properties determined shows significant increment with depth which could be governed primarily by the effective stress. Other parameters such as water content, bulk density, organic content and degree of decomposition also could significantly influence the dynamic properties of peat soil.

This study explores the influence of precoating aptamer (Ca-apt1) on C. albicans viability while the fungus was growing in the presence of exposing condensed cigarette smoke (CSC), prepared from clove (CCSC) and non-clove (NCSC) cigarettes, for 48 h. Using qPCR, we found that mRNA expression of adhesion-associated genes (ALS3 and HWP1) was impaired by precoating C. albicans yeast cells with the aptamer. Conversely, the gene transcription was upregulated when aptamer-uncoated yeast was pre-treated with either CSC. In addition, by analysing the result of MTT ([3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide] assay, we found that the presence of added CCSC or NCSC in growth medium for 48 h was significantly enhanced C. albicans biofilm development. However, the presence of precoated aptamer was significantly impaired biofilm development accelerated by the NCSC. The inhibitory effect of the Ca-apt1 was not dependent on the precoated aptamer (1ng/μL and 10 ng/μL). Interestingly, we noted that the enhancer effect of treated CCSC was no longer effective when the yeast had been precoated with 10 ng/μL aptamer tested. Additionally, light microscopy analysis revealed that precoating aptamer alleviates morphological changes of C. albicans (from yeast to hypha formation) that are enhanced by adding CCSC or NCSC in the growth medium. In conclusion, these results suggest that administration on Ca-ap1 exhibits a significant protective effect on CSC-induced biofilm formation by C. albicans.

This study explores the influence of precoating aptamer (Ca-apt1) on C. albicans viability while the fungus was growing in the presence of exposing condensed cigarette smoke (CSC), prepared from clove (CCSC) and non-clove (NCSC) cigarettes, for 48 h. Using qPCR, we found that mRNA expression of adhesion-associated genes (ALS3 and HWP1) was impaired by precoating C. albicans yeast cells with the aptamer. Conversely, the gene transcription was upregulated when aptamer-uncoated yeast was pre-treated with either CSC. In addition, by analysing the result of MTT ([3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide] assay, we found that the presence of added CCSC or NCSC in growth medium for 48 h was significantly enhanced C. albicans biofilm development. However, the presence of precoated aptamer was significantly impaired biofilm development accelerated by the NCSC. The inhibitory effect of the Ca-apt1 was not dependent on the precoated aptamer (1 and 10%). Interestingly, we noted that the enhancer effect of treated CCSC was no longer effective when the yeast had been precoated with 10% aptamer tested. Additionally, light microscopy analysis revealed that precoating aptamer alleviates morphological changes of C. albicans (from yeast to hypha formation) that are enhanced by adding CCSC or NCSC in the growth medium. In conclusion, these results suggest that administration on Ca-ap1 exhibits a significant protective effect on CSC-induced biofilm formation by C. albicans.

Emergency medical service is organized as a separate field of health activities in order to provide uninterrupted emergency medical care for citizens who due to illness or injury have directly threatened the life, certain organs or certain parts of the body respectively cut the optimal time of occurrence of the emergency until the start of the final treatment process. Emergence clinic for 2020. Year ED over 100. 000-cases. The emergency health system doesn’t have a consolidated network and integrated emergency medical services. Emergency health services in Europe are being challenged by changes in life dynamics, scientific advancements, which do increase the request to further improve the way of delivering emergency services. Health-system resilience can be defined as the capacity of health actors, institutions, and populations to prepare for and effectively respond to crises, to maintain core functions when a crisis hits, and—informed by lessons learned during the crisis to reorganize if conditions require it. Emergency clinic today at UCCK offers an area of 507m2, with 22 beds in the living room (1 bed per 100,000 population). Compliance with the law on emergency medical care, support, and improvement of EMS creating a special budget for EMS. EMS Independence (Decentralization). Budget, Management, accreditation, initiation of a project of systematization doctors of nurses in an integrated system. Regulation of administrative and legal infrastructure for EMS. The increase in salary (during holidays, weekends), shortening working hours for EMS, beneficial path (stress, risk, complexity, infections, first contact with the patient), the extension of annual leave. Functionalization of the Permanent National Center for Education EMS training, licensing, relicensing (medical staff) Quality control or EMS quality.

Introduction: Adequate prenatal and postnatal care for preterm neonates not only affects the survival rate, but also the occurrence of chronic diseases, and in the future also affects the quality of life of that children. Aim: To examine the influence of independent predictors (weeks of gestation, body weight, sex) on the outcome of the disease and to analyze the influence of the applied ventilatory mode on the final outcome of treatment. Material and methods: The study included neonates (n = 248) born prematurely who were treated in the neonatal intensive care unit for a period of one year due to immaturity-related difficulties. Results: The mean age of male neonates (n = 119) at birth was 31.13 ± 3.3 weeks of gestation (WG), and females (n = 129) 31.59 ± 3.2 WG. Weeks of gestation have a statistically significant effect on survival (p = 0.0001), for each more week of gestation, the chances of survival increase by 21%. There was no significant difference between birth weight and sex (p = 0.289), and the birth weight of the neonates had a statistically significant effect on survival (p = 0.0001). For every 10 grams of body weight, in our sample, the chance of survival increases by 2%. Ventilation mode showed a statistically significant effect on neonatal survival (p < 0.05), and intubation mode was used as an indicator. If neonates are switched from non-invasive to invasive ventilation mode, the chance of survival in our sample is reduced by 88%. Conclusion: Weeks of gestation, birth weight, and the use of a noninvasive mode of ventilation are predictors of a positive outcome for preterm neonates.

This article discusses the differences in qiraat in terms of mut}laq and muqayyad which lead to differences in istinbat} Islamic law. Although qiraat is not the only basis for determining the law, it cannot be denied that the difference in qiraat has a major influence on the legal products which produced by the scholars. Using the descriptive-analytical method, this study discusses 3 verses in the Qur'an that have different qiraat which readings contain muqayyad on verses that are mut}laq, that, QS. al-Ba> qarah: 183-184 and QS. al-Ma>idah: 89 relating to the implementation of fasting, as well as QS. al-Ma> idah: 38 relating to the punishment of theft. From the study of the various qiraats found in the three verses, it can be understood that the existence of various qiraats that contain an insertion in the lafaz of a verse will cause the previous verse to have the status mut}laq to change to muqayyad. This difference in reading has led to the emergence of differences of opinion among scholars in establishing a law. Although some scholars say that the qiraat which is different from the Uthmani rasm is only an interpretation of a verse, it is even considered a syaz| qiraat.

Perkembangan bisnis alat tulis kantor dan sekolah saat ini banyak yang menjanjikan, maka banyak bermunculan pemasok baru dalam bisnis Alat Tulis Kantor dan Sekolah (ATKS). PT Solo yang bergerak di bidang bisnis ATKS harus memiliki strategi dalam setiap persaingan usaha, khususnya dalam meraih loyalitas pelanggan. Loyalitas pelanggan sering dipengaruhi oleh faktor jumlah aktivitas transaksi, nilai nominal transaksi, waktu transaksi di perusahaan, dan atribut outlet. Penelitian ini mengusulkan model Recency, Frequency, dan Monetary (RFM) yang dikombinasikan dengan Decision Tree. Model RFM digunakan untuk proses klasterisasi data pelanggan berdasarkan jumlah transaksi, nilai nominal transaksi, waktu transaksi, dan atribut outlet. Sedangkan Decision Tree dapat menggambarkan tingkat loyalitas pelanggan. Data transaksi dalam penelitian ini dilakukan sepanjang 1 Januari hingga 31 Desember 2018 terhadap 1.203 pelanggan dan 18.087 transaki melalui faktur pembelian. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa state-of-the-art pada model RFM dan Decision Tree yang diusulkan lebih unggul dibandingkan hanya dengan menggunakan model RFM saja. Cluster ke-1 memiliki 860 pelanggan menghasilkan loyalitas pelanggan sedang (biru), cluster ke-2 memiliki 69 pelanggan menghasilkan loyalitas pelanggan yang tinggi (hijau), dan cluster ke-3 memiliki 274 pelanggan menghasilkan loyalitas pelanggan yang rendah (merah). Model klasterisasi RFM dan klasifikasi Decision Tree telah menghasilkan atribut outlet yang berpengaruh terhadap nilai akurasi sebesar 67,54%. Abstract The development of office and school stationery business at this time, many promising, so many new suppliers have sprung up in the office and school stationery business. PT Solo, which has the office and school stationery business, must have a strategy in every business competition, especially in achieving customer loyalty. Customer loyalty is often influenced by factors in the number of transaction activities, transaction nominal value, transaction time at the company, and outlet attributes. This research proposes a Recency, Frequency, and Monetary (RFM) model combined with a Decision Tree. RFM model is used to process customer data clustering based on number of transactions, transaction nominal value, transaction time, and outlet attributes. Whereas Decision Tree can describe the level of customer loyalty. Transaction data in this study were conducted from 1 January to 31 December 2018 to the 1,203 customers and 18,087 transactions through purchase invoices. The results of this study indicate that the state-of-the-art in the proposed RFM and Decision Tree models is outperform compared to only using the RFM model. Cluster 1 has 860 customers resulting in moderate customer loyalty (blue), Cluster 2 has 69 customers resulting in high customer loyalty (green), and Cluster 3 has 274 customers resulting in lower customer loyalty (red). RFM clustering model and Decision Tree classification have produced outlet attributes that affect the accuracy value of 67.54%.

Pentingnya mengetahui kandungan logam nikel (Ni) dalam air laut dan persebarannya disekitaran Teluk Kendari, Sulawesi Tenggara karena kebolehjadian terjadinya pencemaran limbah domestik dan akumulasi sedimentasi di badan perairan yang terbawa melalui aliran sungai dan drainase perkotaan. Penelitian ini menyajikan beberapa korelasi antara aktivitas keramaian masyarakat dengan tingkat kandungan logam Ni disekitaran Teluk Kendari yang dianalisis menggunakan instrumentasi spektroskopi serapan atom (SSA). Penentuan 5 titik lokasi berbeda dipilih berdasarkan banyaknya kegiatan aktivitas masyarakat. Selanjutnya, sampel diambil masing-masing sebanyak 1 Liter sejauh ±100 m dari garis pantai yang selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan instrument SSA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adanya hubungan aktivitas keramaian kegiatan masyarakat terhadap tingginya kandungan logam Ni yang terakumulasi dalam air laut Teluk Kendari. Kandungan logam Ni yang diperoleh bervariasi berturut-turut T1< T4< T3< T2> T5 yaitu 0,047; 0,052; 0,063; 0,068; 0,073. Berdasarkan baku mutu, standar kandungan Ni dalam air laut sebesar 0,05 mg/L, sehingga pada T2, T3, T4, dan T5 dinyatakan telah melebihi ambang batas. Hal ini disebabkan lokasi tersebut maraknya aktivitas masyarakat sehingga kebolehjadian nilai logam Ni juga meningkat. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini memberikan informasi terkini terkait wilayah pencemaran lingkungan akibat akumulasi logam berat dan juga bagi masyarakat agar tidak mengkonsumsi ikan yang diperoleh dari Teluk Kendari.

Campus has a strategic role in the development of human resources through the implementation of Tridharma (three higher education roles), namely the implementation of education and teaching, research, and community service. In addition to this role, vocational colleges have the responsibility of equipping students with values according to the needs of the industry. To be able to work according to the needs of the workplace, not only to mastering hard skills, but also mastering soft skills, because in carrying out his profession in addition to using technological tools also conduct social interaction with fellow colleagues, supervisors, and partners in a professional manner. To train students in developing intra-personal and interpersonal skills, in addition to being obtained in lecture halls, also through student organization activities (ormawa) on campus such as BEM, MPM, HMJ and UKM. This study aims to examine the role of ormawa in shaping character values, by analyzing the character indicators of the implementation of ormawa's work program. Among the findings are the growth of independence, creativity, responsibility, honesty, budget accountability, and time management. The results of this study indicate that ormawa has a role in shaping character values through student activities independently. Keywords : character values, industry workplace, students organization Kampus memiliki peran strategis dalam pengembangan sumber daya manusia melalui penyelenggaraan tridharma pendidikan tinggi, yaitu pelaksanaan pendidikan dan pengajaran, penelitian dan pengabdian kepada masyarakat. Selain peran tersebut, perguruan tinggi vokasi memiliki tanggung jawab membekali peserta didik dengan nilai-nilai sesuai kebutuhan dunia kerja dan industri.Untuk dapat bekerja sesuai kebutuhan dunia kerja, selain penguasaan hard skill, juga penguasaan soft skill, karena dalam menjalankan profesinya selain menggunakan alat-alat teknologi juga melakukan interaksi sosial dengan sesama rekan kerja, atasan, dan mitra secara profesional. Untuk melatih mahasiswa dalam mengembangkan kemampuan intra personal dan interpersonal, selain diperoleh di ruang kuliah, juga melalui aktifitas organisasi kemahasiswaan (ormawa) yang ada di kampus seperti BEM, MPM, HMJ, dan UKM. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji peran ormawa dalam membentuk nilai-nilai karakter, dengan menganalisis indikator karakter dari pelaksanaan program kerja ormawa yang dilaksanakan. Di antara temuannya adalah tumbuhnya kemandirian, kreatifitas, tanggung jawab, kejujuran, akuntabilitas anggaran, dan manajemen waktu. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ormawa memiliki peran dalam membentuk nilai-nilai karakter melalui aktifitas mahasiswa secara mandiri. Kata kunci : dunia industri, nilai-nilai karakter, ormawa

UMKM sebagai sektor ekonomi strategis khususnya di Desa Kunyi Kecamatan Anreapi Kabupaten Polewali Mandar Provinsi Sualwesi Barat sebagai salah satu daerah dengan potensi Umbi tanaman Gadung dan Jagung. Walaupun telah dibina melalui program pemerintah namun promosi dan penjualan hasil olahan berupa kerupuk dan tortilla saat ini masih berpotensi untuk dikembangkan. Salah satu faktor yang diamati adalah tidak adanya merek dan kurangnya promosi. Selain itu evaluasi produk belum pernah dilakukan di tingkat konsumen sesuai sasaran produk. Untuk itu melalui program ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknologi Informasi desain produk kemasan. Kegiatan dilakukan melalui dua sektor pengembangan yaitu (1) pengembangan promosi produk dan (2) pengembangan layanan. Pengukuran hasil tindakan dilakukan melalui wawancara mitra terkait pendekatan yang dilakukan dan untuk mengevaluasi produk melalui model angket kuesioner. Hasil Observasi menunjukkan peningkatan partisipatif dan wawasan mitra. Selain itu hasil evaluasi responden menunjukkan nilai persentase positif yang besar sehingga kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa merek dan kemasan produk dinilai sangat baik setelah dilakukannya kegiatan di UMKM Mekar di Desa Kunyi.

Siti Norhawani Harun,1 Syafinaz Amin Nordin,2 Siti Salwa Abd Gani,3,4 Ahmad Fuad Shamsuddin,5,6 Mahiran Basri,7 Hamidon Bin Basri1 1Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia; 2Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia; 3Department of Agriculture Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia; 4Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia; 5Centre for Drug Delivery Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; 6Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, Ipoh, Malaysia; 7Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia Background and aim: Drugs that are effective against diseases in the central nervous system and reach the brain via blood must pass through the blood–brain barrier (BBB), a unique interface that protects against potential harmful molecules. This presents a major challenge in neuro-drug delivery. This study attempts to fabricate the cefuroxime-loaded nanoemulsion (CLN) to increase drug penetration into the brain when parenterally administered. Methods: The nanoemulsions were formulated using a high-pressure homogenization technique and were characterized for their physicochemical properties. Results: The characterizations revealed a particle size of 100.32±0.75 nm, polydispersity index of 0.18±0.01, zeta potential of -46.9±1.39 mV, viscosity of 1.24±0.34 cps, and osmolality of 285.33±0.58 mOsm/kg, indicating that the nanoemulsion has compatibility for parenteral application. CLN was physicochemically stable within 6 months of storage at 4°C, and the transmission electron microscopy revealed that the CLN droplets were almost spherical in shape. The in vitro release of CLN profile followed a sustained release pattern. The pharmacokinetic profile of CLN showed a significantly higher Cmax, area under the curve (AUC)0–t, prolonged half-life, and lower total plasma clearance, indicating that the systemic concentration of cefuroxime was higher in CLN-treated rats as compared to cefuroxime-free treated rats. A similar profile was obtained for the biodistribution of cefuroxime in the brain, in which CLN showed a significantly higher Cmax, AUC0–t, prolonged half-life, and lower clearance as compared to free cefuroxime solution. Conclusion: Overall, CLN showed excellent physicochemical properties, fulfilled the requirements for parenteral administration, and presented improved in vivo pharmacokinetic profile, which reflected its practical approach to enhance cefuroxime delivery to the brain. Keywords: parenteral nanoemulsion, cefuroxime, drug delivery, pharmacokinetics, blood–brain barrier

Background: Considering the gap between organ donors and receivers, it can be assumed that family physicians may play an important role in organ donation. Thus, we aimed to investigate the family physicians’ approaches to organ donation in Turkey. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, an online survey was sent to all family physicians working in Family Health Centers in Turkey Between Jul – Sep 2018. The survey questioned the knowledge, approaches, and opinions about organ donation issues, besides the socio-demographic characteristics. Results: Most physicians stated that they had given information to their patients on this subject at least occasionally (59.19%, n=998). Among participants, the most common reason for refusing consent for organ donation was the fear of commercial abuse (19.66%, n=244). Most participants (52.61%, n=887) stated that they had been positively affected by the media about organ donation. Some physicians were uncertain about the reliability of the brain death diagnosis (18.39%, n=310). A minor group stated that organ donation might be religiously inappropriate (10.50%, n=177). Conclusion: Although most of the family physicians had a positive manner about organ donation, there was still some wrong knowledge of the participants about legal and medical aspects of organ donation, as well as some other concerns like organ trafficking and reliability of brain death diagnoses, whereas religious concerns were not significant.

Introduction: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is useful in the treatment of different conditions and diseases as it contains concentrated levels of many growth factors. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of autologous PRP application in the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED) in patients with metabolic syndrome. Methods: In this prospective study conducted in June 2019, 31 patients with ED were included. The International Index of Erectile Function–Erectile Function domain (IIEF-EF) questionnaires were used to evaluate erectile function (EF). After administering the intracavernous autologous PRP 3 times with an interval of 15 days, IIEF-EFs were evaluated 1, 3, and 6 months later. Main Outcome Measure: IIEF in the 1st, 3rd, and 6th months and adverse events. Results: While the mean IIEF-EF was 18 before the application, the mean IIEF-EF was 20 in the first, third, and sixth months after the procedure (P

The polychaete Diopatra claparedii Grube, 1878 is among those organisms successfully carrying out full body regeneration, including the whole nervous system. Thus, D. claparedii potentially can be regarded for the nervous system regeneration (NSR) study. However, data on the property of its nervous system and the NSR profile are still lacking. In this study, we investigated the morphology of D. claparedii anterior nervous system (ANS) and examined the cellular and molecular profiles on its early anterior NSR. The nervous system of D. claparedii consists of a symmetry brain with nerves branching off, circumpharyngeal connectives that connect the brain and nerve cord as well as obvious segmental ganglia. Moreover, we identified changes in the cellular condition of the ganglionic cells in the regenerating tissue, such as the accumulation of lysosomes and lipofuscins, elongated mitochondria and multiple nucleoli. Furthermore, mRNA of tissues at two regenerating stages, as well as intact tissue (non-regenerating), were sequenced with Illumina sequencer. We identified from these tissues 37,248 sequences, 18 differential expressed proteins of which upregulated were involved in NSR with noelin-like isoform X2 turned up to be the highest being expressed. Our results highlight the cellular and molecular changes during early phase of NSR, thus providing essential insights on regeneration within Annelida and understanding the neurodegenerative diseases.

Introduction: Sudden OHCA (Out of hospital cardiac arrest) is the third leading cause of death in industrialized nations. With more than 60% of cardiovascular deaths resulting from cardiac arrest, it remains the leading cause of death worldwide. Heart rhythms associated with cardiac arrest are divided into two groups: shockable rhythms (ventricular fibrillation/pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VF/pVT) and non-shockable rhythms (asystole and pulseless electrical activity (PEA)). VF is the most commonly identified arrhythmia in cardiac arrest patients. Urgent medical treatment includes cardiopulmonary resuscitation and early defibrillation. Material and Methods: Materials for this case report are data collected from the medical records of the Emergency Medical Center of Sarajevo protocol of patients. Case report: Our case report is presented with 59 years old man who had OHCA in his apartment. The initial rhythm was VF, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation was provided due to the Advanced life support guidelines to shockable rhythms. It was delivered 3 DC Shock-s (200J, 300J, 360 J) with the biphasic defibrillator, it was administered 1mg Adrenalin and performed endotracheal intubation. After the third DC shock, we got the return of spontaneous circulation ROSC. The patient was transferred to the University hospital, were he was stabile, and PCI of the LAD was performed as per the standard protocol. Echocardiography performed in the CCU revealed hypokinesia of RV, with preserved systolic function. On hospital day 7 he had a full neurological recovery. He was conscious, oriented, with normal breathing, blood pressure 125/79mmHg, sPO2 99, ECG: sinus rhythm, fr 87/min, without pathological signs. Echocardiography revealed the reduced systolic function of the left ventricle, with mitral regurgitation MR+2. Discussion: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a major health problem in Europe and in the United States. The numbers of patients who have OHCA annually in these two parts of the world have traditionally been reported to be 275,000 and 420,000 respectively. The success of resuscitation depends on many factors: well-organized health care, organization of outpatient emergency services, but primarily when it comes to OHCA, education of the population on Basic life support, and early Cardiopulmonary resuscitation and use of AED (automated external defibrillator).

Introduction; Sports medicine is a clinical subspecialty that deals with the examination, monitoring, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of injuries that occur during sports events, training and physical activities in pre-hospital settings. Managing dramatic situations with minor and multiple injuries is a challenge that requires a quick approach to a dramatic event in managing minor and multiple injuries on the football field and in other sports in support of SHME at pre-hospital and hospital level. Purpose of the paper. Providing emergency medical care at all basic stages of managing minor and multiple injuries on the football field and in other sports in order to implement BLS, ACLS, BTLS, PTLS, ATLS care measures reducing morbidity, disability, and mortality. Material and methods. The research is of retrospective, descriptive, qualitative type. The material was taken from the archive of the Emergency Clinic of UCCK for the period January-December 2019. Only the sick or injured in sports matches were taken in the research; Age, gender, type of illness and injury and type of medical care, equipment available, and training and education. Result. Sports injuries are very costly, and according to the pathology with diseases were 15 cases or 21.4 %, injuries were 55 cases or 78/6 %. Injured by age. The largest number of injured with injuries in the field of football sports the most affected age was the age of 21-25 years with 28 cases or 40.00%, over 25 years were 27 cases or 38.58% and with a smaller number were aged 15-20 years15 cases or 21.42%. Discussion and conclusions. A very important factor in sports injuries is the provision of optimal medical care for footballers and other sports in head, neck, spine, chest, abdomen, and pelvis and limb injuries and with a joint communication with the cooperation of health care professionals in the selection of priority cases. Education of medical staff, nurses, paramedics with courses, use of medical equipment, BLS, ACLS, BTLS, PTLS, ATLS as well as standard procedures for providing and transporting medical care to the hospital.

The spread of the Corona virus, first identified in China in December 2019, spread to Europe and was recognized as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11th. Measures to achieve social distancing have been implemented in different periods and rates of time around the World. The traumatic and non-traumatic emergency patient needs timely and competent care throughout the treatment chain, relying on broad-based competence, multidisciplinary teamwork and communication. In a medical field that is moving towards increasing subspecialization, it is easy to see how the quality of care of these groups of patients can be improved ACTES throughout its topic focuses on these important groups of patients, patients with critical illness and surgical impairment, during the development of ACTES as an online event will try to bring together groups of health professionals to improve, optimize, inspire, and to provide the opportunity for networking and learning from each other. While of course there is a major focus on managing Covid-19 patients at the moment and for a longer period thereafter, the greatest impact on mortality and morbidity is likely to be in those patients who may not have access to care specialized due to lack of resources or due to less attention. We want to take this opportunity to remind everyone that we as traumatic and non-traumatic emergency surgeons have a duty to insure the sick and seriously injured during this period as well.

Firearms injuries are a major public health problem in Kosovo. Injuries from firearms injuries are those caused by any firearm (cartridge, Cannonball) and from the special properties war, mine explosive grenades, and other subjects. Epidemiology of the use of firearms in males ranges corresponding 1.9 per 100,000 population, while for women 0.3 per 100,000 inhabitants The most common injuries are caused by weapons fire, rarely with special tools of war, Causes with firearms injuries blamed mental health problems, domestic violence, disparities in family, social cases, use of drugs and alcohol Preventing injuries and deaths by firearms is one of the most complex issues at the country in recent years. Management and Access Principles, Access, Evaluation of Emergency Medical Care at Three Levels of Care based on EMS Standard. It is important to take a step, contributing significantly to the reduction of premature deaths, diseases, and disability. Careful medical certificates should be given for carrying weapons, assessing the psychophysical and social aspects. The Kosovo Police should control nightclubs, schools and universities, respecting, implementing legal and institutional mechanisms, educating communities through brushes, lectures, media, and social networks, as well as international cooperation. The significant number of injuries with disabilities and deaths should be prevented through national preventive strategies and the need to provide emergency medical care for the rapid transport of firearm victims to the emergency clinic for definitive treatment. Educational efforts are trying to promote safer use of firearms, but they have not led to a significant reduction in the number of victims.

Introduction RS100642, a mexiletine analogue, is a novel sodium channel blocker with neuroprotective and antioxidant activities. The protectivity of RS100642, which has been shown against focal cerebral ischemia, was investigated in global cerebral ischemia in this study. Material and methods Global cerebral ischemia was induced for five minutes in adult male Wistar Albino rats via the 4-vessel occlusion method. Intravenous administration of 1 mg/kg RS100642 following reperfusion for 30 min (RS100642 group) was compared with a sham treatment group (ischemia group) and nonischemized group (control) histologically based on morphology and caspase-3 immunohistochemistry, and biochemically based both on measurement of oxidative stress including malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) activities and on assessment of apoptosis including caspase-3 and -8 activities and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) levels at the end of 6 h. Results While the RS100642 group had significantly lower MDA levels and higher SOD activities than the sham treatment group (p 0.05) and significantly lower than those of the controls (p < 0.05). Necrosis and caspase-3 activity and immunoreactivity in the RS100642 group were significantly lower than those in the sham treatment group (p 0.05). Conclusions Na + channel blockade by RS100642 has remarkable neuroprotective effects following global brain ischemia/reperfusion damage. Further research is required to determine the optimum dose and time of administration.

Uyuz, zorunlu insan paraziti olan Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis'in neden olduğu kaşıntılı bir deri hastalığıdır. Tüm dünyada yaygın görülen en kaşıntılı dermatozlardan olan uyuz, özellikle geceleri şiddetlenen kaşıntı yanında polimorfik döküntü ve süperenfeksiyonlarla karakterize bir klinik tablodur. Dünya çapında yıllık yaklaşık 300 milyon vaka olduğu tahmin edilmektedir. Etkenin saptanmasındaki zorluktan ve atipik klinik prezentasyondan kaynaklanan tanı güçlükleri olabilmektedir. Olgumuzda 3 yaş 9 aylık kadın hasta yaklaşık 2 aydır tüm vücutta, gece ve gündüz olan şiddetli kaşıntı ve döküntü şikâyeti ile polikliniğimize başvurdu. Öyküsü alınan ve muayene edilen hastaya uyuz hastalığı tanısı konuldu ve tedavisi verildi. Bu olgudan yola çıkarak, diğer olgu serileri ve bilimsel araştırmalar ışığında, sık karşılaşılan ancak sık atlanan uyuz hastalığına dikkat çekmeyi amaçladık.