188,705 results on '"Barnett AS"'
Search Results
102. Therapist Anxious Distress and Avoidance of Implementing Time-Out
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Klein, Corinna C., Salem, Hanan, Becker-Haimes, Emily M., and Barnett, Miya L.
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- 2024
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103. Climate change-driven cooling can kill marine megafauna at their distributional limits
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Lubitz, Nicolas, Daly, Ryan, Smoothey, Amy F., Vianello, Patrick, Roberts, Michael J., Schoeman, David S., Sheaves, Marcus, Cowley, Paul D., Dagorn, Laurent, Forget, Fabien G., Soria, Marc, Peddemors, Victor M., Filmalter, John D., Butcher, Paul A., Brett, Greg, and Barnett, Adam
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- 2024
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104. Seasonal dominance of exotic ambrosia beetles compared to native species within deciduous and coniferous woodlots
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Baniszewski, Julie A., Barnett, Jenny, Reding, Michael E., and Ranger, Christopher M.
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- 2024
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105. Trapped acoustic waves and raindrops: high-order accurate integral equation method for localized excitation of a periodic staircase
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Agocs, Fruzsina J. and Barnett, Alex H.
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Mathematics - Numerical Analysis ,Physics - Computational Physics - Abstract
We present a high-order boundary integral equation (BIE) method for the frequency-domain acoustic scattering of a point source by a singly-periodic, infinite, corrugated boundary. We apply it to the accurate numerical study of acoustic radiation in the neighborhood of a sound-hard two-dimensional staircase modeled after the El Castillo pyramid. Such staircases support trapped waves which travel along the surface and decay exponentially away from it. We use the array scanning method (Floquet--Bloch transform) to recover the scattered field as an integral over the family of quasiperiodic solutions parameterized by their on-surface wavenumber. Each such BIE solution requires the quasiperiodic Green's function, which we evaluate using an efficient integral representation of lattice sum coefficients. We avoid the singularities and branch cuts present in the array scanning integral by complex contour deformation. For each frequency, this enables a solution accurate to around 10 digits in a couple of seconds. We propose a residue method to extract the limiting powers carried by trapped modes far from the source. Finally, by computing the trapped mode dispersion relation, we use a simple ray model to explain an observed acoustic "raindrop" effect (chirp-like time-domain response)., Comment: 25 pages, 11 figures. Submitted to JCP
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- 2023
106. A Deep Learning Analysis of Climate Change, Innovation, and Uncertainty
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Barnett, Michael, Brock, William, Hansen, Lars Peter, Hu, Ruimeng, and Huang, Joseph
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Economics - General Economics ,Computer Science - Machine Learning - Abstract
We study the implications of model uncertainty in a climate-economics framework with three types of capital: "dirty" capital that produces carbon emissions when used for production, "clean" capital that generates no emissions but is initially less productive than dirty capital, and knowledge capital that increases with R\&D investment and leads to technological innovation in green sector productivity. To solve our high-dimensional, non-linear model framework we implement a neural-network-based global solution method. We show there are first-order impacts of model uncertainty on optimal decisions and social valuations in our integrated climate-economic-innovation framework. Accounting for interconnected uncertainty over climate dynamics, economic damages from climate change, and the arrival of a green technological change leads to substantial adjustments to investment in the different capital types in anticipation of technological change and the revelation of climate damage severity.
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- 2023
107. Multiscale hierarchical decomposition methods for images corrupted by multiplicative noise
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Barnett, Joel, Li, Wen, Resmerita, Elena, and Vese, Luminita
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Mathematics - Numerical Analysis - Abstract
Recovering images corrupted by multiplicative noise is a well known challenging task. Motivated by the success of multiscale hierarchical decomposition methods (MHDM) in image processing, we adapt a variety of both classical and new multiplicative noise removing models to the MHDM form. On the basis of previous work, we further present a tight and a refined version of the corresponding multiplicative MHDM. We discuss existence and uniqueness of solutions for the proposed models, and additionally, provide convergence properties. Moreover, we present a discrepancy principle stopping criterion which prevents recovering excess noise in the multiscale reconstruction. Through comprehensive numerical experiments and comparisons, we qualitatively and quantitatively evaluate the validity of all proposed models for denoising and deblurring images degraded by multiplicative noise. By construction, these multiplicative multiscale hierarchical decomposition methods have the added benefit of recovering many scales of an image, which can provide features of interest beyond image denoising.
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- 2023
108. Efficient Convergent Boundary Integral Methods for Slender Bodies
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Malhotra, Dhairya and Barnett, Alex
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Mathematics - Numerical Analysis ,Physics - Computational Physics ,Physics - Fluid Dynamics ,76-04, 65-04, 65R20, 45A05, 35C15, 65N80, 76D07, 35J25, 76Z99 - Abstract
The interaction of fibers in a viscous (Stokes) fluid plays a crucial role in industrial and biological processes, such as sedimentation, rheology, transport, cell division, and locomotion. Numerical simulations generally rely on slender body theory (SBT), an asymptotic, nonconvergent approximation whose error blows up as fibers approach each other. Yet convergent boundary integral equation (BIE) methods which completely resolve the fiber surface have so far been impractical due to the prohibitive cost of layer-potential quadratures in such high aspect-ratio 3D geometries. We present a high-order Nystr\"om quadrature scheme with aspect-ratio independent cost, making such BIEs practical. It combines centerline panels (each with a small number of poloidal Fourier modes), toroidal Green's functions, generalized Chebyshev quadratures, HPC parallel implementation, and FMM acceleration. We also present new BIE formulations for slender bodies that lead to well conditioned linear systems upon discretization. We test Laplace and Stokes Dirichlet problems, and Stokes mobility problems, for slender rigid closed fibers with (possibly varying) circular cross-section, at separations down to $1/20$ of the slender radius, reporting convergence typically to at least 10 digits. We use this to quantify the breakdown of numerical SBT for close-to-touching rigid fibers. We also apply the methods to time-step the sedimentation of 512 loops with up to $1.65$ million unknowns at around 7 digits of accuracy., Comment: 37 pages, 17 figures
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- 2023
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109. Optimally Localized Wannier Functions for 2D Chern Insulators
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Gunawardana, Thivan M., Turner, Ari M., and Barnett, Ryan
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Condensed Matter - Materials Science ,Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons - Abstract
The construction of optimally localized Wannier functions (and Wannier functions in general) for a Chern insulator has been considered to be impossible owing to the fact that the second moment of such functions is generally infinite. In this manuscript, we propose a solution to this problem in the case of a single band. We accomplish this by drawing an analogy between the minimization of the variance and the minimization of the electrostatic energy of a periodic array of point charges in a smooth neutralizing background. In doing so, we obtain a natural regularization of the diverging variance and this leads to an analytical solution to the minimization problem. We demonstrate our results numerically for a particular model system. Furthermore, we show how the optimally localized Wannier functions provide a natural way of evaluating the electric polarization for a Chern insulator., Comment: 16 pages, 4 figures
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- 2023
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110. MLGuard: Defend Your Machine Learning Model!
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Wong, Sheng, Barnett, Scott, Rivera-Villicana, Jessica, Simmons, Anj, Abdelkader, Hala, Schneider, Jean-Guy, and Vasa, Rajesh
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Computer Science - Software Engineering - Abstract
Machine Learning (ML) is used in critical highly regulated and high-stakes fields such as finance, medicine, and transportation. The correctness of these ML applications is important for human safety and economic benefit. Progress has been made on improving ML testing and monitoring of ML. However, these approaches do not provide i) pre/post conditions to handle uncertainty, ii) defining corrective actions based on probabilistic outcomes, or iii) continual verification during system operation. In this paper, we propose MLGuard, a new approach to specify contracts for ML applications. Our approach consists of a) an ML contract specification defining pre/post conditions, invariants, and altering behaviours, b) generated validation models to determine the probability of contract violation, and c) an ML wrapper generator to enforce the contract and respond to violations. Our work is intended to provide the overarching framework required for building ML applications and monitoring their safety., Comment: Accepted in SE4SafeML'23
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- 2023
111. Improving Multiple Sclerosis Lesion Segmentation Across Clinical Sites: A Federated Learning Approach with Noise-Resilient Training
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Bai, Lei, Wang, Dongang, Barnett, Michael, Cabezas, Mariano, Cai, Weidong, Calamante, Fernando, Kyle, Kain, Liu, Dongnan, Ly, Linda, Nguyen, Aria, Shieh, Chun-Chien, Sullivan, Ryan, Wang, Hengrui, Zhan, Geng, Ouyang, Wanli, and Wang, Chenyu
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Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing ,Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ,Computer Science - Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing - Abstract
Accurately measuring the evolution of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) critically informs understanding of disease progression and helps to direct therapeutic strategy. Deep learning models have shown promise for automatically segmenting MS lesions, but the scarcity of accurately annotated data hinders progress in this area. Obtaining sufficient data from a single clinical site is challenging and does not address the heterogeneous need for model robustness. Conversely, the collection of data from multiple sites introduces data privacy concerns and potential label noise due to varying annotation standards. To address this dilemma, we explore the use of the federated learning framework while considering label noise. Our approach enables collaboration among multiple clinical sites without compromising data privacy under a federated learning paradigm that incorporates a noise-robust training strategy based on label correction. Specifically, we introduce a Decoupled Hard Label Correction (DHLC) strategy that considers the imbalanced distribution and fuzzy boundaries of MS lesions, enabling the correction of false annotations based on prediction confidence. We also introduce a Centrally Enhanced Label Correction (CELC) strategy, which leverages the aggregated central model as a correction teacher for all sites, enhancing the reliability of the correction process. Extensive experiments conducted on two multi-site datasets demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of our proposed methods, indicating their potential for clinical applications in multi-site collaborations., Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures, journal submission
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- 2023
112. Entropy-Based Strategies for Multi-Bracket Pools
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Brill, Ryan S., Wyner, Abraham J., and Barnett, Ian J.
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Computer Science - Computer Science and Game Theory - Abstract
Much work in the parimutuel betting literature has discussed estimating event outcome probabilities or developing optimal wagering strategies, particularly for horse race betting. Some betting pools, however, involve betting not just on a single event, but on a tuple of events. For example, pick six betting in horse racing, March Madness bracket challenges, and predicting a randomly drawn bitstring each involve making a series of individual forecasts. Although traditional optimal wagering strategies work well when the size of the tuple is very small (e.g., betting on the winner of a horse race), they are intractable for more general betting pools in higher dimensions (e.g., March Madness bracket challenges). Hence we pose the multi-brackets problem: supposing we wish to predict a tuple of events and that we know the true probabilities of each potential outcome of each event, what is the best way to tractably generate a set of $n$ predicted tuples? The most general version of this problem is extremely difficult, so we begin with a simpler setting. In particular, we generate $n$ independent predicted tuples according to a distribution having optimal entropy. This entropy-based approach is tractable, scalable, and performs well.
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- 2023
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113. The SPARC Toroidal Field Model Coil Program
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Hartwig, Zachary, Vieira, Rui, Dunn, Darby, Golfinopoulos, Theodore, LaBombard, Brian, Lammi, Christopher, Michael, Phil, Agabian, Susan, Arsenault, David, Barnett, Raheem, Barry, Mike, Bartoszek, Larry, Beck, William, Bellofatto, David, Brunner, Daniel, Burke, William, Burrows, Jason, Byford, William, Cauley, Charles, Chamberlain, Sarah, Chavarria, David, Cheng, JL, Chicarello, James, Cote, Karen, Cotta, Corinne, Diep, Van, Dombrowski, Eric, Doody, Jeffrey, Doos, Raouf, Eberlin, Brian, Estrada, Jose, Fry, Vincent, Fulton, Matthew, Garberg, Sarah, Granetz, Robert, Greenberg, Aliya, Greenwald, Martin, Heller, Samuel, Hubbard, Amanda, Ihloff, Ernest, Irby, James, Iverson, Mark, Jardin, Peter, Korsun, Daniel, Kuznetsov, Sergey, Lammi, Chris, Walsh, Steven Lane, Landry, Richard, Lations, Richard, Levine, Matthew, Mackay, George, Metcalfe, Kristin, Moazeni, Kevin, Mota, John, Mouratidis, Theodore, Mumgaard, Robert, Muncks, JP, Murray, Richard, Nash, Daniel, Nottingham, Ben, Shea, Colin O, Pfeiffer, Andrew, Pierson, Samuel, Purdy, Clayton, Radovinsky, Alexi, Ravikumar, DJ, Reyes, Veronica, Riva, Nicolo, Rosati, Ron, Rowell, Michael, Salazar, Erica E., Santoro, Fernando, Sattarov, Dior, Saunders, Wayne, Schweiger, Patrick, Schweiger, Shane, Shepard, Maise, Shiraiwa, Syunichi, Silveira, Maria, Snowman, FT, Sorbom, Brandon, Stahle, Peter, Stevens, Ken, Stiebler, Joseph, Stillerman, Joshua, Tammana, Deepthi, Tracy, David, Turcotte, Ronnie, Uppalapati, Kiran, Vernacchia, Matthew, Vidal, Christopher, Voirin, Erik, Warner, Alex, Watterson, Amy, Whyte, Dennis, Wilcox, Sidney, Wolf, Michael, Wood, Bruce, Zhou, Lihua, and Zhukovsky, Alex
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Physics - Plasma Physics ,Physics - Accelerator Physics ,Physics - Applied Physics - Abstract
The SPARC Toroidal Field Model Coil (TFMC) Program was a three-year effort between 2018 and 2021 that developed novel Rare Earth Yttrium Barium Copper Oxide (REBCO) superconductor technologies and then successfully utilized these technologies to design, build, and test a first-in-class, high-field (~20 T), representative-scale (~3 m) superconducting toroidal field coil. With the principal objective of demonstrating mature, large-scale, REBCO magnets, the project was executed jointly by the MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center (PSFC) and Commonwealth Fusion Systems (CFS). The TFMC achieved its programmatic goal of experimentally demonstrating a large-scale high-field REBCO magnet, achieving 20.1 T peak field-on-conductor with 40.5 kA of terminal current, 815 kN/m of Lorentz loading on the REBCO stacks, and almost 1 GPa of mechanical stress accommodated by the structural case. Fifteen internal demountable pancake-to-pancake joints operated in the 0.5 to 2.0 nOhm range at 20 K and in magnetic fields up to 12 T. The DC and AC electromagnetic performance of the magnet, predicted by new advances in high-fidelity computational models, was confirmed in two test campaigns while the massively parallel, single-pass, pressure-vessel style coolant scheme capable of large heat removal was validated. The REBCO current lead and feeder system was experimentally qualified up to 50 kA, and the crycooler based cryogenic system provided 600 W of cooling power at 20 K with mass flow rates up to 70 g/s at a maximum design pressure of 20 bar-a for the test campaigns. Finally, the feasibility of using passive, self-protection against a quench in a fusion-scale NI TF coil was experimentally assessed with an intentional open-circuit quench at 31.5 kA terminal current., Comment: 17 pages 9 figures, overview paper and the first of a six-part series of papers covering the TFMC Program
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- 2023
114. Distraction in Math Anxious Individuals During Math Effort-Based Problem Solving
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Barnett, Mariel, LaFollette, Kyle, and Macnamara, Brooke N.
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Psychology ,Attention ,Decision making ,Problem Solving ,Computer-based experiment - Abstract
Math anxiety is a pervasive issue in higher education that is often associated with poor performance outcomes. A hypothesized reason for this association is that individuals with math anxiety experience negative and intrusive thoughts related to the situation, their performance, and its consequences. These distractions are thought to be specific to math-related contexts. However, recent empirical evidence from the test anxiety literature calls the anxiety-distraction association into question. Here, we demonstrate that (a) math anxiety is associated with higher average reports of negative distraction, (b) that math anxiety-induced distraction is specific to the math problem-solving domain, and (c) that test anxiety also accounts for higher ratings of math-specific negative distraction. Investigating potential mechanisms underlying the math anxiety–poor math performance relationship is necessary for implementing effective interventions that foster math success, both in educational settings and in everyday life.
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- 2024
115. Joseph Banowetz, Philip Fowke, and Nancy Lee Harper. The Performing Pianist’s Guide to Fingering. Indiana University Press, 2021.
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Barnett, Gary
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- 2024
116. Multiple sclerosis: time for early treatment with high-efficacy drugs.
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Barnett, Michael, Thompson, Alan, Hartung, Hans-Peter, Selmaj, Krzysztof, and Cree, Bruce
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Escalation therapy ,High-efficacy drugs ,Multiple sclerosis ,Safety ,Humans ,Multiple Sclerosis ,Pharmaceutical Preparations ,Treatment Outcome ,Multiple Sclerosis ,Relapsing-Remitting ,Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic - Abstract
This review addresses current changes in the approach to treating patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). The widely practiced approach of utilizing agents with lower treatment efficacy (LETA) at onset with subsequent escalation has been challenged by new data suggesting that MS patients derive greater benefit when therapy is initiated with high-efficacy treatment agents (HETA). Several recent studies compared treatment efficacy and safety of early administration of HETA versus LETA. The results of randomized, double blind, phase III studies with LETA as a control arm and population-based larger and longer studies using propensity scoring, marginal structural modeling and weighted cumulative exposure analysis support the benefit of early treatment with HETA. Patients initiating their treatment with HETA, regardless of prognostic factors and MRI burden at baseline, showed significantly lower annualized relapse rate (ARR) and reduced disability progression in follow-up periods of up to 10-15 years. Moreover, the safety profile of recently approved HETA ameliorates concerns about off-target effects associated with a number of earlier high-efficacy drugs. Patient perception has also changed with an increasing preference for medication profiles that both improve symptoms and prevent disease progression. Accumulating data from randomized studies and the results of large population-based studies demonstrating short-term and longer-term patient benefits support the view that HETA should be more widely used. The adoption of early treatment with HETA capitalizes on a window of opportunity for anti-inflammatory drugs to maximally impact disease pathology and heralds a sea change in clinical practice toward pro-active management and away from a philosophy routed in generating clinical benefit as a consequence of treatment failure.
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- 2024
117. A primer on the use of machine learning to distil knowledge from data in biological psychiatry
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Quinn, Thomas P., Hess, Jonathan L., Marshe, Victoria S., Barnett, Michelle M., Hauschild, Anne-Christin, Maciukiewicz, Malgorzata, Elsheikh, Samar S. M., Men, Xiaoyu, Schwarz, Emanuel, Trakadis, Yannis J., Breen, Michael S., Barnett, Eric J., Zhang-James, Yanli, Ahsen, Mehmet Eren, Cao, Han, Chen, Junfang, Hou, Jiahui, Salekin, Asif, Lin, Ping-I, Nicodemus, Kristin K., Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas, Bichindaritz, Isabelle, Faraone, Stephen V., Cairns, Murray J., Pandey, Gaurav, Müller, Daniel J., and Glatt, Stephen J.
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- 2024
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118. Search for leptoquark pair production decaying into te-t¯e+tμ-t¯μ+s=13TeV or te-t¯e+tμ-t¯μ+s=13TeV in multi-lepton final states in pp collisions at te-t¯e+tμ-t¯μ+s=13TeV with the ATLAS detector
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Aad, G., Abbott, B., Abbott, D. C., Abeling, K., Abidi, S. H., Aboulhorma, A., Abramowicz, H., Abreu, H., Abulaiti, Y., Hoffman, A. C. Abusleme, Acharya, B. S., Achkar, B., Bourdarios, C. Adam, Adamczyk, L., Adamek, L., Addepalli, S. V., Adelman, J., Adiguzel, A., Adorni, S., Adye, T., Affolder, A. A., Afik, Y., Agaras, M. N., Agarwala, J., Aggarwal, A., Agheorghiesei, C., Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A., Ahmad, A., Ahmadov, F., Ahmed, W. S., Ahuja, S., Ai, X., Aielli, G., Aizenberg, I., Akbiyik, M., Åkesson, T. P. A., Akimov, A. V., Khoury, K. Al, Alberghi, G. L., Albert, J., Albicocco, P., Alderweireldt, S., Aleksa, M., Aleksandrov, I. N., Alexa, C., Alexopoulos, T., Alfonsi, A., Alfonsi, F., Alhroob, M., Ali, B., Ali, S., Aliev, M., Alimonti, G., Alkakhi, W., Allaire, C., Allbrooke, B. M. M., Allport, P. P., Aloisio, A., Alonso, F., Alpigiani, C., Camelia, E. Alunno, Estevez, M. Alvarez, Alviggi, M. G., Aly, M., Coutinho, Y. Amaral, Ambler, A., Amelung, C., Amerl, M., Ames, C. G., Amidei, D., Santos, S. P. Amor Dos, Amoroso, S., Amos, K. R., Ananiev, V., Anastopoulos, C., Andeen, T., Anders, J. K., Andrean, S. Y., Andreazza, A., Angelidakis, S., Angerami, A., Anisenkov, A. V., Annovi, A., Antel, C., Anthony, M. T., Antipov, E., Antonelli, M., Antrim, D. J. A., Anulli, F., Aoki, M., Aoki, T., Pozo, J. A. Aparisi, Aparo, M. A., Bella, L. Aperio, Appelt, C., Aranzabal, N., Ferraz, V. Araujo, Arcangeletti, C., Arce, A. T. H., Arena, E., Arguin, J-F., Argyropoulos, S., Arling, J.-H., Armbruster, A. J., Arnaez, O., Arnold, H., Tame, Z. P. Arrubarrena, Artoni, G., Asada, H., Asai, K., Asai, S., Asbah, N. A., Assamagan, K., Astalos, R., Atkin, R. J., Atkinson, M., Atlay, N. B., Atmani, H., Atmasiddha, P. A., Augsten, K., Auricchio, S., Auriol, A. D., Austrup, V. A., Avner, G., Avolio, G., Axiotis, K., Ayoub, M. K., Azuelos, G., Babal, D., Bachacou, H., Bachas, K., Bachiu, A., Backman, F., Badea, A., Bagnaia, P., Bahmani, M., Bailey, A. J., Bailey, V. R., Baines, J. T., Bakalis, C., Baker, O. K., Bakker, P. J., Bakos, E., Gupta, D. Bakshi, Balaji, S., Balasubramanian, R., Baldin, E. M., Balek, P., Ballabene, E., Balli, F., Baltes, L. M., Balunas, W. K., Balz, J., Banas, E., Bandieramonte, M., Bandyopadhyay, A., Bansal, S., Barak, L., Barberio, E. L., Barberis, D., Barbero, M., Barbour, G., Barends, K. N., Barillari, T., Barisits, M-S., Barklow, T., Barnett, R. M., Baron, P., Moreno, D. A. Baron, Baroncelli, A., Barone, G., Barr, A. J., Navarro, L. Barranco, Barreiro, F., da Costa, J. Barreiro Guimarães, Barron, U., Teixeira, M. G. Barros, Barsov, S., Bartels, F., Bartoldus, R., Barton, A. E., Bartos, P., Basalaev, A., Basan, A., Baselga, M., Bashta, I., Bassalat, A., Basso, M. J., Basson, C. R., Bates, R. L., Batlamous, S., Batley, J. R., Batool, B., Battaglia, M., Battulga, D., Bauce, M., Bauer, P., Bayirli, A., Beacham, J. B., Beau, T., Beauchemin, P. H., Becherer, F., Bechtle, P., Beck, H. P., Becker, K., Beddall, A. J., Bednyakov, V. A., Bee, C. P., Beemster, L. J., Beermann, T. A., Begalli, M., Begel, M., Behera, A., Behr, J. K., Da Cruz E Silva, C. Beirao, Beirer, J. F., Beisiegel, F., Belfkir, M., Bella, G., Bellagamba, L., Bellerive, A., Bellos, P., Beloborodov, K., Belotskiy, K., Belyaev, N. L., Benchekroun, D., Bendebba, F., Benhammou, Y., Benjamin, D. P., Benoit, M., Bensinger, J. R., Bentvelsen, S., Beresford, L., Beretta, M., Berge, D., Kuutmann, E. Bergeaas, Berger, N., Bergmann, B., Beringer, J., Berlendis, S., Bernardi, G., Bernius, C., Bernlochner, F. U., Berry, T., Berta, P., Berthold, A., Bertram, I. A., Bethke, S., Betti, A., Bevan, A. J., Bhamjee, M., Bhatta, S., Bhattacharya, D. S., Bhattarai, P., Bhopatkar, V. S., Bi, R., Bianchi, R. M., Biebel, O., Bielski, R., Biglietti, M., Billoud, T. R. V., Bindi, M., Bingul, A., Bini, C., Biondi, S., Biondini, A., Birch-sykes, C. J., Bird, G. A., Birman, M., Bisanz, T., Bisceglie, E., Biswas, D., Bitadze, A., Bjørke, K., Bloch, I., Blocker, C., Blue, A., Blumenschein, U., Blumenthal, J., Bobbink, G. J., Bobrovnikov, V. S., Boehler, M., Bogavac, D., Bogdanchikov, A. G., Bohm, C., Boisvert, V., Bokan, P., Bold, T., Bomben, M., Bona, M., Boonekamp, M., Booth, C. D., Borbély, A. G., Borecka-Bielska, H. M., Borgna, L. S., Borissov, G., Bortoletto, D., Boscherini, D., Bosman, M., Sola, J. D. Bossio, Bouaouda, K., Bouchhar, N., Boudreau, J., Bouhova-Thacker, E. V., Boumediene, D., Bouquet, R., Boveia, A., Boyd, J., Boye, D., Boyko, I. R., Bracinik, J., Brahimi, N., Brandt, G., Brandt, O., Braren, F., Brau, B., Brau, J. E., Brendlinger, K., Brener, R., Brenner, L., Brenner, R., Bressler, S., Brickwedde, B., Britton, D., Britzger, D., Brock, I., Brooijmans, G., Brooks, W. K., Brost, E., Bruckler, T. L., de Renstrom, P. A. Bruckman, Brüers, B., Bruncko, D., Bruni, A., Bruni, G., Bruschi, M., Bruscino, N., Bryngemark, L., Buanes, T., Buat, Q., Buchholz, P., Buckley, A. G., Budagov, I. A., Bugge, M. K., Bulekov, O., Bullard, B. A., Burdin, S., Burgard, C. D., Burger, A. M., Burghgrave, B., Burr, J. T. P., Burton, C. D., Burzynski, J. C., Busch, E. L., Büscher, V., Bussey, P. J., Butler, J. M., Buttar, C. M., Butterworth, J. M., Buttinger, W., Vazquez, C. J. Buxo, Buzykaev, A. R., Cabras, G., Urbán, S. Cabrera, Caforio, D., Cai, H., Cai, Y., Cairo, V. M. M., Cakir, O., Calace, N., Calafiura, P., Calderini, G., Calfayan, P., Callea, G., Caloba, L. P., Calvet, D., Calvet, S., Calvet, T. P., Calvetti, M., Toro, R. Camacho, Camarda, S., Munoz, D. Camarero, Camarri, P., Camerlingo, M. T., Cameron, D., Camincher, C., Campanelli, M., Camplani, A., Canale, V., Canesse, A., Bret, M. Cano, Cantero, J., Cao, Y., Capocasa, F., Capua, M., Carbone, A., Cardarelli, R., Cardenas, J. C. J., Cardillo, F., Carli, T., Carlino, G., Carlotto, J. I., Carlson, B. T., Carlson, E. M., Carminati, L., Carnesale, M., Caron, S., Carquin, E., Carrá, S., Carratta, G., Argos, F. Carrio, Carter, J. W. S., Carter, T. M., Casado, M. P., Casha, A. F., Castiglia, E. G., Castillo, F. L., Garcia, L. Castillo, Gimenez, V. Castillo, Castro, N. F., Catinaccio, A., Catmore, J. R., Cavaliere, V., Cavalli, N., Cavasinni, V., Celebi, E., Celli, F., Centonze, M. S., Cerny, K., Cerqueira, A. S., Cerri, A., Cerrito, L., Cerutti, F., Cervelli, A., Cetin, S. A., Chadi, Z., Chakraborty, D., Chala, M., Chan, J., Chan, W. Y., Chapman, J. D., Chargeishvili, B., Charlton, D. G., Charman, T. P., Chatterjee, M., Chekanov, S., Chekulaev, S. V., Chelkov, G. A., Chen, A., Chen, B., Chen, B., Chen, H., Chen, H., Chen, J., Chen, J., Chen, S., Chen, S. J., Chen, X., Chen, X., Chen, Y., Cheng, C. L., Cheng, H. C., Cheong, S., Cheplakov, A., Cheremushkina, E., Cherepanova, E., Moursli, R. 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Vickey, Viehhauser, G. H. A., Vigani, L., Villa, M., Perez, M. Villaplana, Villhauer, E. M., Vilucchi, E., Vincter, M. G., Virdee, G. S., Vishwakarma, A., Vittori, C., Vivarelli, I., Vladimirov, V., Voevodina, E., Vogel, F., Vokac, P., Ahnen, J. Von, Toerne, E. Von, Vormwald, B., Vorobel, V., Vorobev, K., Vos, M., Vossebeld, J. H., Vozak, M., Vozdecky, L., Vranjes, N., Milosavljevic, M. Vranjes, Vreeswijk, M., Vuillermet, R., Vujinovic, O., Vukotic, I., Wada, S., Wagner, C., Wagner, W., Wahdan, S., Wahlberg, H., Wakasa, R., Wakida, M., Walbrecht, V. M., Walder, J., Walker, R., Walkowiak, W., Wang, A. M., Wang, A. Z., Wang, C., Wang, C., Wang, H., Wang, J., Wang, R.-J., Wang, R., Wang, R., Wang, S. M., Wang, S., Wang, T., Wang, W. T., Wang, X., Wang, X., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Wang, Z., Wang, Z., Warburton, A., Ward, R. J., Warrack, N., Watson, A. T., Watson, H., Watson, M. F., Watts, G., Waugh, B. M., Webb, A. F., Weber, C., Weber, H. A., Weber, M. S., Weber, S. M., Wei, C., Wei, Y., Weidberg, A. R., Weingarten, J., Weirich, M., Weiser, C., Wells, C. J., Wenaus, T., Wendland, B., Wengler, T., Wenke, N. S., Wermes, N., Wessels, M., Whalen, K., Wharton, A. M., White, A. S., White, A., White, M. J., Whiteson, D., Wickremasinghe, L., Wiedenmann, W., Wiel, C., Wielers, M., Wieseotte, N., Wiglesworth, C., Wiik-Fuchs, L. A. M., Wilbern, D. J., Wilkens, H. G., Williams, D. M., Williams, H. H., Williams, S., Willocq, S., Windischhofer, P. J., Winklmeier, F., Winter, B. T., Winter, J. K., Wittgen, M., Wobisch, M., Wölker, R., Wollrath, J., Wolter, M. W., Wolters, H., Wong, V. W. S., Wongel, A. F., Worm, S. D., Wosiek, B. K., Woźniak, K. W., Wraight, K., Wu, J., Wu, M., Wu, M., Wu, S. L., Wu, X., Wu, Y., Wu, Z., Wuerzinger, J., Wyatt, T. R., Wynne, B. M., Xella, S., Xia, L., Xia, M., Xiang, J., Xiao, X., Xie, M., Xie, X., Xin, S., Xiong, J., Xiotidis, I., Xu, D., Xu, H., Xu, H., Xu, L., Xu, R., Xu, T., Xu, W., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Xu, Z., Yabsley, B., Yacoob, S., Yamaguchi, N., Yamaguchi, Y., Yamauchi, H., Yamazaki, T., Yamazaki, Y., Yan, J., Yan, S., Yan, Z., Yang, H. J., Yang, H. T., Yang, S., Yang, T., Yang, X., Yang, X., Yang, Y., Yang, Z., Yao, W-M., Yap, Y. C., Ye, H., Ye, H., Ye, J., Ye, S., Ye, X., Yeh, Y., Yeletskikh, I., Yeo, B. K., Yexley, M. R., Yin, P., Yorita, K., Younas, S., Young, C. J. S., Young, C., Yuan, M., Yuan, R., Yue, L., Yue, X., Zaazoua, M., Zabinski, B., Zaid, E., Zakareishvili, T., Zakharchuk, N., Zambito, S., Saa, J. A. Zamora, Zang, J., Zanzi, D., Zaplatilek, O., Zeißner, S. V., Zeitnitz, C., Zeng, J. C., Zenger, Jr, D. T., Zenin, O., Ženiš, T., Zenz, S., Zerradi, S., Zerwas, D., Zhang, B., Zhang, D. F., Zhang, G., Zhang, J., Zhang, J., Zhang, K., Zhang, L., Zhang, P., Zhang, R., Zhang, S., Zhang, T., Zhang, X., Zhang, X., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z., Zhang, Z., Zhao, H., Zhao, P., Zhao, T., Zhao, Y., Zhao, Z., Zhemchugov, A., Zheng, X., Zheng, Z., Zhong, D., Zhou, B., Zhou, C., Zhou, H., Zhou, N., Zhou, Y., Zhu, C. G., Zhu, C., Zhu, H. L., Zhu, H., Zhu, J., Zhu, Y., Zhu, Y., Zhuang, X., Zhukov, K., Zhulanov, V., Zimine, N. I., Zinsser, J., Ziolkowski, M., Živković, L., Zoccoli, A., Zoch, K., Zorbas, T. G., Zormpa, O., Zou, W., and Zwalinski, L.
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- 2024
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119. Biography and Further Reading
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Wells-Barnett, Ida B., primary
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- 2024
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120. Integrated Alcohol Use and Sexual Assault Prevention Program for College Men Who Engage in Heavy Drinking: Randomized Pilot Study.
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Orchowski, Lindsay, Merrill, Jennifer, Oesterle, Daniel, Barnett, Nancy, Zlotnick, Caron, Haikalis, Michelle, Bekowitz, Alan, and Borsari, Brian
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alcohol use ,alcoholism ,college ,intervention ,men ,peer engagement ,prevention ,program ,sexual assault ,student - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Sexual assault is prevalent on college campuses and most commonly is perpetrated by men. Problematically, there is a dearth of evidence-based prevention programs targeting men as perpetrators of sexual aggression. The Sexual Assault and Alcohol Feedback and Education (SAFE) program is an integrated alcohol and sexual assault prevention intervention for college men who engage in heavy drinking that aims to address sexual aggression proclivity and alcohol use outcomes by incorporating social norms theory, bystander intervention, and motivational interviewing. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to examine the initial feasibility-, acceptability-, and efficacy-related outcomes of a randomized pilot trial of an integrated alcohol and sexual assault prevention program for college men who engage in heavy drinking. METHODS: This study included 115 college men who engaged in heavy drinking, who were randomly assigned to the SAFE program or a mindfulness-based control condition (MBCC). The feasibility of implementation, adequacy of participant retention, fidelity and competency of program administration, and satisfaction and utility of the intervention were evaluated. The primary outcomes of alcohol use and sexual aggression were evaluated at 2 and 6 months after baseline. The secondary outcomes of perceived peer norms, risks for sexual aggression, and bystander intervention were also assessed. The extent to which the motivational interviewing session with personalized normative feedback facilitated changes in the proximal outcomes of drinking intentions, motivation to change, and self-efficacy was also examined. RESULTS: The study procedures resulted in high program completion and retention (>80%), high fidelity to the program manual (>80% of the content included), high competency in program administration, and high ratings of satisfaction and program utility in addressing sexual relationships and alcohol use. Both groups reported declines in the number of drinks per week and number of heavy drinking days. Compared with the MBCC participants, the SAFE participants reported higher motivation to change alcohol use after the program, as well as greater use of alcohol protective behavioral strategies at 6 months. Compared with the MBCC participants, the SAFE participants also reported lower perceived peer engagement in sexual coercion, perceived peer comfort with sexism, and peer drinking norms at 2 and 6 months. However, no group differences were observed in sexual aggression severity, rape myth acceptance, or the labeling of sexual consent. Results regarding bystander intervention intentions were mixed, with the MBCC group showing decreased intentions at 2 months and the SAFE group reporting increased intentions at both 2 and 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: The findings provide promising evidence for the feasibility, acceptability, utility, and preliminary efficacy of the SAFE program in reducing alcohol use and positively influencing perceived peer norms and intentions for bystander intervention among college men who drink. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05773027; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05773027.
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- 2023
121. Effects of Holistically Conceptualised School-Based Interventions on Children’s Physical Literacy, Physical Activity, and Other Outcomes: A Systematic Review
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Alethea Jerebine, Lauren Arundell, Kimberley Watson-Mackie, Richard Keegan, Petra Jurić, Dean Dudley, Nicola D. Ridgers, Jo Salmon, and Lisa M. Barnett
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Child ,Adolescent ,Physical education ,Motor skills ,Sports medicine ,RC1200-1245 - Abstract
Abstract Background Schools are a key setting for promoting children’s physical literacy development. This review aimed to identify school-based interventions that adopted a holistic conceptualisation of physical literacy and examine the effects on children’s physical literacy and any other outcomes, including physical activity (PA). Methods Searches were conducted in seven databases (APA PsycINFO, EMBASE, ERIC, CINAHL, Global Health, MEDLINE Complete, SPORTDiscus with Full Text), and Google and Google Scholar, to identify articles published since 1/1/2017. Studies were included if they (i) adopted a holistic conception of physical literacy as represented by the Australian Physical Literacy Framework (APLF), (ii) were grounded in movement, (iii) assessed three or more domains of learning (either quantitatively or qualitatively), and (iv) included children aged 5–14 years. Quantitative research designs needed to provide pre-and post-intervention measures, whereas qualitative designs (e.g. post-intervention interviews) did not. Study selection, data extraction and quality assessment were conducted independently by teams of two authors. For intervention effects, quantitative and qualitative data were synthesised separately. For quantitative data, level of evidence for intervention effects was assessed by physical literacy domain and/or elements/items by examining the proportion of tests with a significant change in the expected direction. Qualitative data were synthesised using the framework synthesis method and mapped to a framework that included APLF domains/elements, PA, and additional outcomes. Results Twelve interventions with 1,427 participants from seven countries were identified: six physical education-based, three afterschool, one structured recess, and two multicomponent. All studies assessed the physical domain quantitatively, with strong positive evidence of intervention effects for the controlled designs (10 of 15 tests). For the affective and cognitive domains, evidence was mixed, and there was no evidence for interventions improving the social components of children’s physical literacy (although this was understudied). Most studies assessed PA and one measured cognitive performance; however, there was no evidence for positive intervention effects (i.e. ≥35% of tests reporting an improvement) for either outcome. Five studies assessed intervention effects qualitatively, with positive results reported for all physical literacy domains, PA, and cognitive performance. Conclusions Holistic interventions in schools can improve the physical domain of children’s physical literacy. For wider benefits, future interventions should aim to develop all facets of physical literacy, especially domains of learning less frequently targeted and examined. Trial Registration PROSPERO CRD42022351317.
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- 2024
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122. Opportunities for improving abortion care: a key stakeholder analysis of best practices for addressing the needs of transgender, nonbinary, and gender expansive people seeking abortions
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Aliza J. Barnett, Subasri Narasimhan, Sophie A. Hartwig, and Anna Newton-Levinson
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Abortion care ,Gender-affirming care ,Sexual and reproductive health ,Transgender, nonbinary, and gender expansive health ,Health care delivery ,Case study ,Gynecology and obstetrics ,RG1-991 - Abstract
Abstract Objectives Transgender, nonbinary, and gender expansive (TGE) persons experience pregnancies and have abortions, yet abortion care remains rooted in a gender binary, often centering the needs, experiences, and challenges of cisgender women. Despite guidance supporting gender-affirming sexual and reproductive healthcare (SRH), barriers for TGE people seeking abortions persist. We conducted an exploratory case study with key informants to understand their perception of TGE abortion seekers' needs with specific considerations for those in restrictive abortion settings. Methods Qualitative interviews focused on gender-affirming care and abortion provision were conducted with U.S.-based key informant clinicians (n = 4) who could provide powerful insights into gaps and experiences faced by TGE individuals. Participants were eligible if they currently or previously provided abortions and had experience practicing gender-affirming care. Interviews focused on informants’ perceptions of TGE patients’ needs when seeking abortions. Results Findings highlight the unique barriers TGE patients face when seeking abortions, including lack of provider knowledge, in-clinic stigmatization, and gender marginalization. It is notable that key informants who practiced in abortion-protective political environments have greater access to resources to implement gender-affirming care than those in restrictive contexts. Results are summarized in a clinical recommendations document which provides an accessible starting point for clinicians to begin building gender-inclusive abortion spaces. Conclusions It is necessary to further understand barriers facing TGE abortion seekers and integrate recommendations and emerging evidence into abortion practice. This study contributes to a growing knowledge base which emphasizes the need for inclusive abortion spaces and highlights key considerations for improving access and quality for TGE abortions seekers.
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- 2024
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123. A phase II trial examining the safety and preliminary efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for people living with multiple sclerosis
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Natasha Stevens, Chigozie Ezegbe, Valery Fuh-Ngwa, Kalina Makowiecki, Amin Zarghami, Phuong Tram Nguyen, Julie Sansom, Kate Smith, Laura L. Laslett, Meg Denham, Carlie L. Cullen, Michael H. Barnett, Mark R. Hinder, Monique Breslin, Kaylene M. Young, and Bruce V. Taylor
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Multiple sclerosis ,Transcranial magnetic stimulation ,rTMS ,Remyelination ,MRI ,PROM ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Abstract Background Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological condition and the leading cause of non-traumatic disability in young adults. MS pathogenesis leads to the death of oligodendrocytes, demyelination, and progressive central nervous system neurodegeneration. Endogenous remyelination occurs in people with MS (PwMS) but is insufficient to repair the damage. Our preclinical studies in mice indicate that endogenous remyelination can be supported by the delivery of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). Our phase I trial concluded that 20 sessions of rTMS, delivered over 5 weeks, are safe and feasible for PwMS. This phase II trial aims to investigate the safety and preliminary efficacy of rTMS for PwMS. Methods Participants must be aged 18–65 years, diagnosed with MS by a neurologist, stable and relapse free for 6 months, have an Extended Disability Status Scale (EDSS) between 1.5 and 6 (inclusive), willing to travel to a study site every weekday for 4 consecutive weeks, and able to provide informed consent and access the internet. Participants from multiple centres will be randomised 2:1 (rTMS to sham) stratified by sex. The intervention will be delivered with a Magstim Rapid2 stimulator device and circular 90-mm coil or MagVenture MagPro stimulator device with C100 circular coil, positioned to stimulate a broad area including frontal and parietal cortices. For the rTMS group, pulse intensity will be set at 18% (MagVenture) or 25% (Magstim) of maximum stimulator output (MSO), and rTMS applied as intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) (~ 3 min per side; 600 pulses). For the sham group, the procedure will be the same, but the intensity is set at 0%. Each participant will attend 20 intervention sessions over a maximum of 5 weeks. Outcome measures include MS Functional Composite Score (primary), Fatigue Severity Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Quality of Life, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index/Numeric Rating Scale and adverse events (secondary) and advanced MRI metrics (tertiary). Outcomes will be measured at baseline and after completing the intervention. Discussion This study will determine if rTMS can improve functional outcomes or other MS symptoms and determine whether rTMS has the potential to promote remyelination in PwMS. Trial registration Registered with Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, 20 January 2022; ACTRN12622000064707.
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- 2024
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124. Evaluating the tailored implementation of a multisite care navigation service for mental health in rural and remote Australia (The Bridging Study): protocol for a community-engaged hybrid effectiveness-implementation study
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Zephanie Tyack, Steven McPhail, Gregory A. Aarons, Kelly McGrath, Andrew Barron, Hannah Carter, Sarah Larkins, Adrian Barnett, Eloise Hummell, Ruth Tulleners, Olivia Fisher, Gillian Harvey, Lee Jones, Kate Murray, and Bridget Abell
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Implementation study ,Hybrid effectiveness-implementation design ,Mental health ,EPIS framework ,Community engagement ,Participatory methods ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Abstract Background A dramatic decline in mental health of people worldwide in the early COVID-19 pandemic years has not recovered. In rural and remote Australia, access to appropriate and timely mental health services has been identified as a major barrier to people seeking help for mental ill-health. From 2020 to 2021 a care navigation model, Navicare, was co-designed with rural and remote communities in the Greater Whitsunday Region of Central Queensland in Australia. The Exploration, Preparation, Implementation and Sustainment (EPIS) framework was used to design and guide multiple aspects of a multisite study, The Bridging Study, to evaluate the implementation of Navicare in Australia. Methods A community-engaged hybrid effectiveness-implementation study design will focus on the tailored implementation of Navicare at three new sites as well as monitoring implementation at an existing site established since 2021. Study outcomes assessed will include sustained access as the co-primary outcome (measured using access to Navicare mental health referral services) and Proctor’s Implementation Outcomes of feasibility, acceptability, appropriateness, adoption, fidelity, implementation cost, and sustainability. Data collection for the implementation evaluation will include service usage data, community consultations, interviews, and workshops; analysed using mixed methods and guided by EPIS and other implementation frameworks. Pre-post effectiveness and cost-consequence study components are embedded in the implementation and sustainment phases, with comparison to pre-implementation data and value assessed for each EPIS phase using hospital, service, and resource allocation data. A scaling up strategy will be co-developed using a national roundtable forum in the final year of the study. Qualitative exploration of other aspects of the study (e.g., mechanisms of action and stakeholder engagement) will be conducted. Discussion Our study will use tailoring to local sites and a community-engaged approach to drive implementation of a mental health care navigation service in rural and remote Australia, with expected benefits to mental healthcare access. This approach is consistent with policy recommendations nationally and internationally as building blocks for rural health including the World Health Organization Framework for Action on Strengthening Health Systems to Improve Health Outcomes. Trial registration Prospectively registered on April 2, 2024, on the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, no. ACTRN12624000382572. https://anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=386665&isReview=true .
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- 2024
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125. Implementation of a rural emergency department-initiated buprenorphine program in the mountain west: a study protocol
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Natasha Seliski, Troy Madsen, Savannah Eley, Jennifer Colosimo, Travis Engar, Adam Gordon, Christinna Barnett, Grace Humiston, Taylor Morsillo, Laura Stolebarger, Marcela C Smid, and Gerald Cochran
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Buprenorphine ,Emergency department ,Rural ,Opioid use disorder ,Implementation ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 ,Social pathology. Social and public welfare. Criminology ,HV1-9960 - Abstract
Abstract Background Opioid related overdose morbidity and mortality continue to significantly impact rural communities. Nationwide, emergency departments (EDs) have seen an increase in opioid use disorder (OUD)-related visits compared to other substance use disorders (SUD). ED-initiated buprenorphine is associated with increased treatment engagement at 30 days. However, few studies assess rural ED-initiated buprenorphine implementation, which has unique implementation barriers. This protocol outlines the rationale and methods of a rural ED-initiated buprenorphine program implementation study. Methods This is a two-year longitudinal implementation design with repeated qualitative and quantitative measures of an ED-initiated buprenorphine program in the rural Mountain West. The Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework outlines intervention assessments. The primary outcome is implementation measured by ED-initiated buprenorphine protocol core components. Reach, adoption, and maintenance are secondary outcomes. External facilitators from an academic institution with addiction medicine and prior program implementation expertise partnered with community hospital internal facilitators to form an implementation team. External facilitators provide ongoing support, recommendations, education, and academic detailing. The implementation team designed and implemented the rural ED-initiated buprenorphine program. The program includes OUD screening, low-threshold buprenorphine initiation, naloxone distribution and administration training, and patient navigator incorporation to provide warm hand off referrals for outpatient OUD management. To address rural based implementation barriers, we organized implementation strategies based on Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change (ERIC). Implementation strategies include ED workflow redesign, local needs assessments, ED staff education, hospital leadership and clinical champion involvement, as well as patient and community resources engagement. Discussion Most ED-initiated buprenorphine implementation studies have been conducted in urban settings, with few involving rural areas and none have been done in the rural Mountain West. Rural EDs face unique barriers, but tailored implementation strategies with external facilitation support may help address these. This protocol could help identify effective rural ED-initiated buprenorphine implementation strategies to integrate more accessible OUD treatment within rural communities to prevent further morbidity and mortality. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov National Clinical Trials, NCT06087991. Registered 11 October 2023 – Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06087991 .
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- 2024
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126. Rectal thionamide administration in the setting of thyroid storm: a case report and review of the literature
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Maxim John Levy Barnett, Carlo Casipit, Sri Ram Teja Sathi, and Ana Del Carmen Rivadeneira Rodriguez
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Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,RC648-665 - Abstract
Thyroid storm is a clinical diagnosis characterized by life-threatening multisystemic organ involvement in the setting of uncontrolled hyperthyroidism. Current estimates suggest a mortality rate of up to 30%. Treatment often consists of the administration of thionamide medications, iodine solution(s), corticosteroids, and beta-blockers; in extreme circumstances, both plasmapheresis and thyroidectomy are subsequent therapeutic options. Thionamides are typically administered orally, with the intent of preventing further thyroid hormone synthesis; however, in the literature, there are instances whereby oral access cannot be obtained, and alternative routes of administration are required. We present a case of a patient who presented with a thyroid storm due to lack of adherence to methimazole. During admission, he was found to have significant abdominal pain and ultimately a duodenal perforation requiring strict nil-per-os (NPO) status, due to which he was unable to receive oral thionamides. Due to the lack of availability of intravenous formulations of thionamides in the United States, this patient was treated with an enema compound of propylthiouracil for a total of five per rectum (PR) doses. He would later develop hepatocellular injury, requiring discontinuation and eventual transition to oral methimazole. The literature pertaining to alternative-route thionamide administration is scant, and therefore this case report and literature review is written to provide an up-to-date review and further educate all levels of clinicians about this infrequent (but emergent) situation.
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- 2024
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127. A qualitative study identifying implementation strategies using the i-PARIHS framework to increase access to pre-exposure prophylaxis at federally qualified health centers in Mississippi
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Trisha Arnold, Laura Whiteley, Kayla K. Giorlando, Andrew P. Barnett, Ariana M. Albanese, Avery Leigland, Courtney Sims-Gomillia, A. Rani Elwy, Precious Patrick Edet, Demetra M. Lewis, James B. Brock, and Larry K. Brown
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HIV Prevention ,Implementation Science ,Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) ,Telemedicine ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Abstract Background Mississippi (MS) experiences disproportionally high rates of new HIV infections and limited availability of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) are poised to increase access to PrEP. However, little is known about the implementation strategies needed to successfully integrate PrEP services into FQHCs in MS. Purpose The study had two objectives: identify barriers and facilitators to PrEP use and to develop tailored implementation strategies for FQHCs. Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 19 staff and 17 PrEP-eligible patients in MS FQHCs between April 2021 and March 2022. The interview was guided by the integrated-Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (i-PARIHS) framework which covered PrEP facilitators and barriers. Interviews were coded according to the i-PARIHS domains of context, innovation, and recipients, followed by thematic analysis of these codes. Identified implementation strategies were presented to 9 FQHC staff for feedback. Results Data suggested that PrEP use at FQHCs is influenced by patient and clinic staff knowledge with higher levels of knowledge reflecting more PrEP use. Perceived side effects are the most significant barrier to PrEP use for patients, but participants also identified several other barriers including low HIV risk perception and untrained providers. Despite these barriers, patients also expressed a strong motivation to protect themselves, their partners, and their communities from HIV. Implementation strategies included education and provider training which were perceived as acceptable and appropriate. Conclusions Though patients are motivated to increase protection against HIV, multiple barriers threaten uptake of PrEP within FQHCs in MS. Educating patients and providers, as well as training providers, are promising implementation strategies to overcome these barriers.
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- 2024
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128. Utilizing technology for diet and exercise change in complex chronic conditions across diverse environments (U-DECIDE): feasibility randomised controlled trial
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Riley C. C. Brown, Shelley E. Keating, Dev K. Jegatheesan, Hannah L. Mayr, Amandine Barnett, Marguerite M. Conley, Lindsey Webb, Jaimon T. Kelly, Centaine L. Snoswell, Heidi M. Staudacher, Graeme A. Macdonald, Nicola W. Burton, Jeff S. Coombes, Katrina L. Campbell, Nicole M. Isbel, and Ingrid J. Hickman
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Digital health ,Diet ,Exercise ,Complex chronic disease ,Telehealth ,Kidney disease ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background Diet and exercise are important components of treatment for complex chronic conditions, however access to allied health support is limited. When available, support is often siloed and fragmented. Digital health incorporating patient choice may help to align health care services with preferences and goals. This study evaluated the implementation of a ubiquitously accessible patient-centred digital health diet and exercise service. Methods U-DECIDE was a single-centre, 26-week randomised controlled trial set in kidney and liver disease clinics in a tertiary hospital in Brisbane, Australia. Participants were adults with a complex chronic condition referred for dietetic consultation with at least one feature of the metabolic syndrome. All participants received a dietary consultation, an activity monitor and usual care. Intervention participants were offered one text message per week and access to additional digital health options (increased text message frequency, nutrition app, exercise app, group-based diet and/or exercise video consultations). The primary outcome of feasibility was determined by safety (study-related serious adverse events: SRSAEs), recruitment (≥ 50% eligible patients), retention (≥ 70%), exposure uptake (≥ 75% of intervention group had greater access to health professional contact than comparator) and video consultation adherence (≥ 80% attendance). Secondary outcomes included process evaluation metrics and clinical outcomes. Results Of 67 participants (intervention n = 33, comparator n = 34), 37 (55%) were men, median (IQR) age was 51 (41–58) years. The most chosen digital health options were the nutrition app (n = 29, 88%) and exercise video consultations (n = 26, 79%). Only one participant chose no additional digital health options. The intervention group had no SRSAEs. The study exceeded targets for recruitment (52%), retention (81%) and exposure uptake (94%). Video consultation adherence was 42%. Engagement across digital health options was inconsistent. Conclusions Digital health options incorporating patient choice were feasible and can be offered to people with complex chronic disease as a service model option. Trial registration Australia and New Zealand Trials Register: Trial Registration Number: ACTRN12620001282976. Registered 27th November 2020.
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- 2024
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129. The role of puff volume in vaping emissions, inhalation risks, and metabolic perturbations: a pilot study
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Jennifer Jeon, Xiaojia He, Akshada Shinde, Maureen Meister, Lillie Barnett, Qian Zhang, Marilyn Black, Jonathan Shannahan, and Christa Wright
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Secondhand vaping ,ENDS ,VOC ,Lung health ,Metabolomics ,Aerosols ,Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Secondhand vaping exposure is an emerging public health concern that remains understudied. In this study, saliva and exhaled emissions from ENDS users (secondhand) and non-ENDS users (baseline) were collected, firsthand emissions were generated using an automated ENDS aerosol generation system programmed to simulate puffing topography profiles collected from ENDS users. Particulate concentrations and sizes along with volatile organic compounds were characterized. We revealed puffing topography metrics as potential mediators of firsthand and secondhand particle and chemical exposures, as well as metabolic and respiratory health outcomes. Particle deposition modeling revealed that while secondhand emissions displayed smaller deposited mass, total and pulmonary particle deposition fractions were higher than firsthand deposition levels, possibly due to smaller secondhand emission particle diameters. Lastly, untargeted metabolomic profiling of salivary biomarkers of lung injury due to firsthand ENDS exposures revealed potential early indicators of respiratory distress that may also be relevant in bystanders exposed to secondhand vaping scenarios. By leveraging system toxicology, we identified 10 metabolites, including leukotriene D4, that could potentially serve as biomarkers for ENDS use, exposure estimation, and the prediction of vaping-related disease. This study highlights characterization of vaping behavior is an important exposure component in advancing our understanding of potential health effects in ENDS users and bystanders.
- Published
- 2024
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130. Search for leptoquark pair production decaying into $$te^- \bar{t}e^+$$ t e - t ¯ e + or $$t\mu ^- \bar{t}\mu ^+$$ t μ - t ¯ μ + in multi-lepton final states in pp collisions at $$\sqrt{s} = 13\,\textrm{TeV}$$ s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
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ATLAS Collaboration, G. Aad, B. Abbott, D. C. Abbott, K. Abeling, S. H. Abidi, A. Aboulhorma, H. Abramowicz, H. Abreu, Y. Abulaiti, A. C. Abusleme Hoffman, B. S. Acharya, B. Achkar, C. Adam Bourdarios, L. Adamczyk, L. Adamek, S. V. Addepalli, J. Adelman, A. Adiguzel, S. Adorni, T. Adye, A. A. Affolder, Y. Afik, M. N. Agaras, J. Agarwala, A. Aggarwal, C. Agheorghiesei, J. A. Aguilar-Saavedra, A. Ahmad, F. Ahmadov, W. S. Ahmed, S. Ahuja, X. Ai, G. Aielli, I. Aizenberg, M. Akbiyik, T. P. A. Åkesson, A. V. Akimov, K. Al Khoury, G. L. Alberghi, J. Albert, P. Albicocco, S. Alderweireldt, M. Aleksa, I. N. Aleksandrov, C. Alexa, T. Alexopoulos, A. Alfonsi, F. Alfonsi, M. Alhroob, B. Ali, S. Ali, M. Aliev, G. Alimonti, W. Alkakhi, C. Allaire, B. M. M. Allbrooke, P. P. Allport, A. Aloisio, F. Alonso, C. Alpigiani, E. Alunno Camelia, M. Alvarez Estevez, M. G. Alviggi, M. Aly, Y. Amaral Coutinho, A. Ambler, C. Amelung, M. Amerl, C. G. Ames, D. Amidei, S. P. Amor Dos Santos, S. Amoroso, K. R. 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Smirnov, Y. Smirnov, L. N. Smirnova, O. Smirnova, A. C. Smith, E. A. Smith, H. A. Smith, J. L. Smith, R. Smith, M. Smizanska, K. Smolek, A. Smykiewicz, A. A. Snesarev, H. L. Snoek, S. Snyder, R. Sobie, A. Soffer, C. A. Solans Sanchez, E.Yu. Soldatov, U. Soldevila, A. A. Solodkov, S. Solomon, A. Soloshenko, K. Solovieva, O. V. Solovyanov, V. Solovyev, P. Sommer, A. Sonay, W. Y. Song, A. Sopczak, A. L. Sopio, F. Sopkova, V. Sothilingam, S. Sottocornola, R. Soualah, Z. Soumaimi, D. South, S. Spagnolo, M. Spalla, F. Spanò, D. Sperlich, G. Spigo, M. Spina, S. Spinali, D. P. Spiteri, M. Spousta, E. J. Staats, A. Stabile, R. Stamen, M. Stamenkovic, A. Stampekis, M. Standke, E. Stanecka, M. V. Stange, B. Stanislaus, M. M. Stanitzki, M. Stankaityte, B. Stapf, E. A. Starchenko, G. H. Stark, J. Stark, D. M. Starko, P. Staroba, P. Starovoitov, S. Stärz, R. Staszewski, G. Stavropoulos, J. Steentoft, P. Steinberg, A. L. Steinhebel, B. Stelzer, H. J. Stelzer, O. Stelzer-Chilton, H. Stenzel, T. J. Stevenson, G. A. Stewart, M. C. Stockton, G. Stoicea, M. Stolarski, S. Stonjek, A. Straessner, J. Strandberg, S. Strandberg, M. Strauss, T. Strebler, P. Strizenec, R. Ströhmer, D. M. Strom, L. R. Strom, R. Stroynowski, A. Strubig, S. A. Stucci, B. Stugu, J. Stupak, N. A. Styles, D. Su, S. Su, W. Su, X. Su, K. Sugizaki, V. V. Sulin, M. J. Sullivan, D. M. S. Sultan, L. Sultanaliyeva, S. Sultansoy, T. Sumida, S. Sun, O. Sunneborn Gudnadottir, M. R. Sutton, M. Svatos, M. Swiatlowski, T. Swirski, I. Sykora, M. Sykora, T. Sykora, D. Ta, K. Tackmann, A. Taffard, R. Tafirout, J. S. Tafoya Vargas, R. H. M. Taibah, R. Takashima, K. Takeda, E. P. Takeva, Y. Takubo, M. Talby, A. A. Talyshev, K. C. Tam, N. M. Tamir, A. Tanaka, J. Tanaka, R. Tanaka, M. Tanasini, J. Tang, Z. Tao, S. Tapia Araya, S. Tapprogge, A. Tarek Abouelfadl Mohamed, S. Tarem, K. Tariq, G. Tarna, G. F. Tartarelli, P. Tas, M. Tasevsky, E. Tassi, A. C. Tate, G. Tateno, Y. Tayalati, G. N. Taylor, W. Taylor, H. Teagle, A. S. Tee, R. Teixeira De Lima, P. Teixeira-Dias, J. J. Teoh, K. Terashi, J. Terron, S. Terzo, M. Testa, R. J. Teuscher, A. Thaler, O. Theiner, N. Themistokleous, T. Theveneaux-Pelzer, O. Thielmann, D. W. Thomas, J. P. Thomas, E. A. Thompson, P. D. Thompson, E. Thomson, E. J. Thorpe, Y. Tian, V. Tikhomirov, Yu.A. Tikhonov, S. Timoshenko, E. X. L. Ting, P. Tipton, S. Tisserant, S. H. Tlou, A. Tnourji, K. Todome, S. Todorova-Nova, S. Todt, M. Togawa, J. Tojo, S. Tokár, K. Tokushuku, R. Tombs, M. Tomoto, L. Tompkins, K. W. Topolnicki, P. Tornambe, E. Torrence, H. Torres, E. Torró Pastor, M. Toscani, C. Tosciri, M. Tost, D. R. Tovey, A. Traeet, I. S. Trandafir, T. Trefzger, A. Tricoli, I. M. Trigger, S. Trincaz-Duvoid, D. A. Trischuk, B. Trocmé, A. Trofymov, C. Troncon, L. Truong, M. Trzebinski, A. Trzupek, F. Tsai, M. Tsai, A. Tsiamis, P. V. Tsiareshka, S. Tsigaridas, A. Tsirigotis, V. Tsiskaridze, E. G. Tskhadadze, M. Tsopoulou, Y. Tsujikawa, I. I. Tsukerman, V. Tsulaia, S. Tsuno, O. Tsur, D. Tsybychev, Y. Tu, A. Tudorache, V. Tudorache, A. N. Tuna, S. Turchikhin, I. Turk Cakir, R. Turra, T. Turtuvshin, P. M. Tuts, S. Tzamarias, P. Tzanis, E. Tzovara, K. Uchida, F. Ukegawa, P. A. Ulloa Poblete, E. N. Umaka, G. Unal, M. Unal, A. Undrus, G. Unel, J. Urban, P. Urquijo, G. Usai, R. Ushioda, M. Usman, Z. Uysal, L. Vacavant, V. Vacek, B. Vachon, K. O. H. Vadla, T. Vafeiadis, A. Vaitkus, C. Valderanis, E. Valdes Santurio, M. Valente, S. Valentinetti, A. Valero, A. Vallier, J. A. Valls Ferrer, T. R. Van Daalen, P. Van Gemmeren, M. Van Rijnbach, S. Van Stroud, I. Van Vulpen, M. Vanadia, W. Vandelli, M. Vandenbroucke, E. R. Vandewall, D. Vannicola, L. Vannoli, R. Vari, E. W. Varnes, C. Varni, T. Varol, D. Varouchas, L. Varriale, K. E. Varvell, M. E. Vasile, L. Vaslin, G. A. Vasquez, F. Vazeille, T. Vazquez Schroeder, J. Veatch, V. Vecchio, M. J. Veen, I. Veliscek, L. M. Veloce, F. Veloso, S. Veneziano, A. Ventura, A. Verbytskyi, M. Verducci, C. Vergis, M. Verissimo De Araujo, W. Verkerke, J. C. Vermeulen, C. Vernieri, P. J. Verschuuren, M. Vessella, M. C. Vetterli, A. Vgenopoulos, N. Viaux Maira, T. Vickey, O. E. Vickey Boeriu, G. H. A. Viehhauser, L. Vigani, M. Villa, M. Villaplana Perez, E. M. Villhauer, E. Vilucchi, M. G. Vincter, G. S. Virdee, A. Vishwakarma, C. Vittori, I. Vivarelli, V. Vladimirov, E. Voevodina, F. Vogel, P. Vokac, J. Von Ahnen, E. Von Toerne, B. Vormwald, V. Vorobel, K. Vorobev, M. Vos, J. H. Vossebeld, M. Vozak, L. Vozdecky, N. Vranjes, M. Vranjes Milosavljevic, M. Vreeswijk, R. Vuillermet, O. Vujinovic, I. Vukotic, S. Wada, C. Wagner, W. Wagner, S. Wahdan, H. Wahlberg, R. Wakasa, M. Wakida, V. M. Walbrecht, J. Walder, R. Walker, W. Walkowiak, A. M. Wang, A. Z. Wang, C. Wang, H. Wang, J. Wang, R.-J. Wang, R. Wang, S. M. Wang, S. Wang, T. Wang, W. T. Wang, X. Wang, Y. Wang, Z. Wang, A. Warburton, R. J. Ward, N. Warrack, A. T. Watson, H. Watson, M. F. Watson, G. Watts, B. M. Waugh, A. F. Webb, C. Weber, H. A. Weber, M. S. Weber, S. M. Weber, C. Wei, Y. Wei, A. R. Weidberg, J. Weingarten, M. Weirich, C. Weiser, C. J. Wells, T. Wenaus, B. Wendland, T. Wengler, N. S. Wenke, N. Wermes, M. Wessels, K. Whalen, A. M. Wharton, A. S. White, A. White, M. J. White, D. Whiteson, L. Wickremasinghe, W. Wiedenmann, C. Wiel, M. Wielers, N. Wieseotte, C. Wiglesworth, L. A. M. Wiik-Fuchs, D. J. Wilbern, H. G. Wilkens, D. M. Williams, H. H. Williams, S. Williams, S. Willocq, P. J. Windischhofer, F. Winklmeier, B. T. Winter, J. K. Winter, M. Wittgen, M. Wobisch, R. Wölker, J. Wollrath, M. W. Wolter, H. Wolters, V. W. S. Wong, A. F. Wongel, S. D. Worm, B. K. Wosiek, K. W. Woźniak, K. Wraight, J. Wu, M. Wu, S. L. Wu, X. Wu, Y. Wu, Z. Wu, J. Wuerzinger, T. R. Wyatt, B. M. Wynne, S. Xella, L. Xia, M. Xia, J. Xiang, X. Xiao, M. Xie, X. Xie, S. Xin, J. Xiong, I. Xiotidis, D. Xu, H. Xu, L. Xu, R. Xu, T. Xu, W. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Xu, B. Yabsley, S. Yacoob, N. Yamaguchi, Y. Yamaguchi, H. Yamauchi, T. Yamazaki, Y. Yamazaki, J. Yan, S. Yan, Z. Yan, H. J. Yang, H. T. Yang, S. Yang, T. Yang, X. Yang, Y. Yang, Z. Yang, W-M. Yao, Y. C. Yap, H. Ye, J. Ye, S. Ye, X. Ye, Y. Yeh, I. Yeletskikh, B. K. Yeo, M. R. Yexley, P. Yin, K. Yorita, S. Younas, C. J. S. Young, C. Young, M. Yuan, R. Yuan, L. Yue, X. Yue, M. Zaazoua, B. Zabinski, E. Zaid, T. Zakareishvili, N. Zakharchuk, S. Zambito, J. A. Zamora Saa, J. Zang, D. Zanzi, O. Zaplatilek, S. V. Zeißner, C. Zeitnitz, J. C. Zeng, D. T. Zenger, O. Zenin, T. Ženiš, S. Zenz, S. Zerradi, D. Zerwas, B. Zhang, D. F. Zhang, G. Zhang, J. Zhang, K. Zhang, L. Zhang, P. Zhang, R. Zhang, S. Zhang, T. Zhang, X. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. Zhang, H. Zhao, P. Zhao, T. Zhao, Y. Zhao, Z. Zhao, A. Zhemchugov, X. Zheng, Z. Zheng, D. Zhong, B. Zhou, C. Zhou, H. Zhou, N. Zhou, Y. Zhou, C. G. Zhu, C. Zhu, H. L. Zhu, H. Zhu, J. Zhu, Y. Zhu, X. Zhuang, K. Zhukov, V. Zhulanov, N. I. Zimine, J. Zinsser, M. Ziolkowski, L. Živković, A. Zoccoli, K. Zoch, T. G. Zorbas, O. Zormpa, W. Zou, and L. Zwalinski
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Astrophysics ,QB460-466 ,Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity ,QC770-798 - Abstract
Abstract A search for leptoquark pair production decaying into $$te^- \bar{t}e^+$$ t e - t ¯ e + or $$t\mu ^- \bar{t}\mu ^+$$ t μ - t ¯ μ + in final states with multiple leptons is presented. The search is based on a dataset of pp collisions at $$\sqrt{s}=13~\text {TeV} $$ s = 13 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector during Run 2 of the Large Hadron Collider, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb $$^{-1}$$ - 1 . Four signal regions, with the requirement of at least three light leptons (electron or muon) and at least two jets out of which at least one jet is identified as coming from a b-hadron, are considered based on the number of leptons of a given flavour. The main background processes are estimated using dedicated control regions in a simultaneous fit with the signal regions to data. No excess above the Standard Model background prediction is observed and 95% confidence level limits on the production cross section times branching ratio are derived as a function of the leptoquark mass. Under the assumption of exclusive decays into $$te^{-}$$ t e - ( $$t\mu ^{-}$$ t μ - ), the corresponding lower limit on the scalar mixed-generation leptoquark mass $$m_{\textrm{LQ}_{\textrm{mix}}^{\textrm{d}}}$$ m LQ mix d is at 1.58 (1.59) TeV and on the vector leptoquark mass $$m_{{\tilde{U}}_1}$$ m U ~ 1 at 1.67 (1.67) TeV in the minimal coupling scenario and at 1.95 (1.95) TeV in the Yang–Mills scenario.
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131. Examining the Role of MTSS Implementation and Social-Emotional Learning in Academic Achievement for Elementary School Students
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Jamemy Barnett
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The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between schools' multi-tiered systems of support (MTSS) implementation, students' perceptions of their social-emotional learning (SEL), educators' perception of students' SEL, and academic achievement for Hispanic/Latino, African American, and Asian elementary school students as measured by performance on the Smarter Balanced Assessment Consortium (SBAC). A nonexperimental quantitative correlational design was used for the research purpose. Panorama Education's Social Emotional Learning: Teacher Perception of Students' Social-Emotional Learning Survey was used to provide teacher perception measures of students' SEL skills. Data from the SWIFT Fidelity Integrity Assessment (FIA; SWIFT Education Center, 2013) were used to measure MTSS implementation in the school cohort identified by the participating school district. The Panorama Social-Emotional Learning: Student Competency & Well-Being Measures Survey by Panorama Education was used. Data were collected in the fall of 2022 and spring of 2023 from 5,610 grade 3 to 5 students from a school district in California. Bivariate correlations and multiple regressions were performed to answer the research questions. The findings in this study revealed that a significant relationship exists between the implementation of MTSS, SEL, and educators' perception of students' SEL. Teacher perception of students' SEL demonstrated significance for all SEL constructs. Future research is suggested to extend the examination of the MTSS framework domains as well as school district policies, procedures, and infrastructure that support fidelity of MTSS implementation at the district and site level. Future research is suggested to explore various assessment tools schools and district utilize to assess the implementation of a comprehensive MTSS. Additionally, the elementary educators' ethnicity, district demographics, and diversity influence on implementation of MTSS and SEL measures should be considered. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]
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132. Writing Retreats as Spaces to Create Indigenous Postgraduate Research Communities of Practice
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Jennifer Leigh Campbell, Krystal Lockwood, Leda Barnett, Becki Cook, Greg Kitson, Leah Henderson, Dale Rowland, Kyly Mills, Julie Ballangarry, and Stephen Corporal
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Publish or perish is the cautionary aphorism reminding academics to produce academic work for career longevity. For communities historically excluded from tertiary institutions, this aphorism can also signify a responsibility to ensure their voices are heard. Tertiary institutions recognise the importance of fostering productive writing opportunities; and writing retreats are a valuable approach. This article demonstrates the importance of writing retreats from the perspective of Indigenous postgraduate scholars in Australia. Two writing retreats were held off-campus in 2018-2019. To identify the impact of the writing retreats, we (the participants in the retreat) used an active participatory approach to explore our experiences using data collected from Yarning circles and written critical self-reflections. We identified three key themes: (1) writing retreats as supportive spaces for academic writing, (2) the development of an ongoing community of practice and (3) the importance of managing cultural risk in Indigenous programs. The findings demonstrate the importance of providing culturally grounded opportunities that support Indigenous scholarship.
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- 2024
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133. Staying Power: English Language Arts Achievement after Installation of an Educator Effectiveness System
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Trevor Leutscher, Tanée M. Hudgens, Handrea Logis, Marina Serdiouk, and Joshua H. Barnett
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As long-term effects of educational programs cannot be sufficiently addressed by evaluators during short duration implementation grants, researchers become responsible for investigating sustainability of effects and addressing concerns of policy makers and grant funding agencies. This study examines the impact of the TAP System for Teacher and Student Advancement on the percentage of students passing Indiana's English/language arts achievement test after grant-funded implementation. The study uses a school-level, quasi-experimental design. Propensity score matching generates a comparison group and regression models are then run, controlling for school fixed effects. The results show that schools who sustained the TAP System significantly outperform matched comparison schools in the first post-grant year and the improved performance persists through the third year.
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- 2024
134. Factors That Determine Student Persistence in Information Technology Programs
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Nancy Severe-Barnett
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There was a recognized high rate of students enrolled in technology programs who did not graduate college. Scholars who had studied predictors of college completion surmised there were several behavioral traits associated with a student achieving their college objectives through graduation; one of those factors was persistence. Persistence, the unyielding continuance to succeed despite any challenge, was one of the major factors in college completion. Traditionally, research on student persistence focused on the predictors of dropout, with less emphasis on why students changed programs to non-technology programs or why they left the technology program or college entirely. This study was conducted at a community college to examine personal and institutional factors that caused the continual decrease of program completion and graduation rate in postsecondary technology programs. This research explored coping mechanisms that technology students 18-years and older indicated were methods to help them persist in school. In addition, this study examined factors such as motivation, emotion, and economic variables that may have accounted for a lack of persistence. The methodology was a qualitative format which examined the persistence factors such as gender, age, economics, educational status, and many other factors that may have contributed to why students were not completing their technology program and not progressing in their studies, thereby stagnating their personal and financial growth. The findings of this research can be used to develop strategic initiatives that might improve student persistence. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]
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- 2024
135. Are Gender-Stereotyped Attitudes and Beliefs in Fathers and Daughters Associated with Girls' Perceived Motor Competence?
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India M. Dechrai, Emiliano Mazzoli, Lisa Hanna, Philip J. Morgan, Myles D. Young, Jacqueline A. Grounds, Stevie-Lee Kennedy, Emma R. Pollock, and Lisa M. Barnett
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Background: Children can internalise social and parental gender stereotypes and this may influence their perceived motor competence (PMC). This study aimed to examine the association between father and daughter gender-stereotyped attitudes/beliefs and girls' PMC. Methods: Girls (N = 68, M[subscript age]= 8.9 years, SD = 1.7) and their fathers were recruited at baseline from a physical activity intervention. Girls' PMC was assessed using the pictorial scale of Perceived Movement Skill Competence. Gender-stereotyped attitudes/beliefs of girls and fathers were assessed using the Occupation, Activity, and Trait - Attitude/Personal instrument. The girls' questions were interviewer administered to ensure comprehension, whilst fathers completed an online survey. Correlations were calculated, followed by linear regressions adjusted for girls' age and fathers' education. Regression models were used to investigate associations between father-daughter gender-stereotyped attitudes/beliefs, and whether these attitudes/beliefs were associated with girls' perceptions of their object control/locomotor, active play, and overall skill competence. Results: Girls' gender-stereotyped attitudes negatively correlated with overall PMC, r(60) = -0.36, p = 0.004, and object control perception, r(60) = -0.36, p = 0.004. These associations remained evident in linear regression analysis. No other associations were found. Conclusions: Girls with more gender-stereotyped attitudes have lower motor skill perceptions, which may impact negatively on physical activity and sport participation. Future interventions aimed at reducing sociocultural gender stereotypes in children may improve girls' motor skill perception and positively impact physical activity.
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136. 'That's Just the Way It Is': Bullying and Harassment in STEM Academia
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Estelle Corbett, Julie Barnett, Lucy Yeomans, and Leda Blackwood
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Background: The under-representation of women and other minority group members in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) academia is a problem internationally and is attributed in part to hostile workplace cultures. We draw on the social identity perspective to examine the dynamic inter and intragroup processes entailed in these experiences. In this paper, we report a reflexive thematic analysis of 219 responses to a free-text question on bullying and harassment embedded in a national survey of 40 STEM departments from across the United Kingdom. Most were women (53%) at an early, pre-lectureship career stage. Main findings: Our analysis shows who is the perpetrator and who is the victim is not arbitrary, and neither is the form that it takes; majority group members draw on discourses that warrant the exclusion of minority group members (e.g., women are not smart; incompatibility with religious identity). In this 'othering', minority group members learn that one is not regarded as a bona fide STEM academic ingroup member and accordingly are constrained in being able to claim and act on that identity. Thus, it is not just the acts themselves that are problematic, but the ways in which being denied a shared STEM academic identity is consequential for a range of putative benefits and leads to a range of strategies that all confer costs. Conclusions/potential implications: The solution must rest with senior STEM academics and with institutions. First, we need to challenge discourses and practices that narrowly define the boundaries and content of STEM academic identity. Second, all members of a community need to perceive an alignment between the purported values of an organisation for diversity, inclusion, and respect and how that organisation responds when those principles are violated. Formal processes of remedy need to recognise the dynamics entailed in status differences and remove the onus of complaint from isolated, low status individuals. In addition, there is a need to recognise the ways in which perpetrators are embedded in networks of support both within and without the university; and the importance, therefore, of widening the scope of evidence gathering and intervention.
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137. Surfacing the Complexity of Students' Experiences of Assessment and Feedback Processes Using a Rich Picture Approach
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Kieran Balloo, Laura Barnett, Karen Gravett, Xeina Ali, James Tatam, and Naomi E. Winstone
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Student-staff dialogue is often emphasised as a means of improving students' engagement with assessment and feedback processes. However, focusing on dialogue alone overlooks the complexity of students' experiences and the sociomaterial contexts in which they occur. To surface the roles of the social and the material in students' experiences, we engaged pedagogies of mattering theory, and employed a rich picture (RP) approach in which students visually depicted their experiences of assessment and feedback. We anticipated that making use of a range of icons, symbols, and visual metaphors might enable participants to think about what matters in their everyday experiences, moving beyond solely human-human interactions, to highlight the significance of the objects, spaces and material elements that are involved. RPs were analysed using a form of content analysis and the following recurrent motifs were identified: Visual metaphors depicting uncertainty; emotive faces showing impacts on wellbeing; seasons, clocks and calendars depicting the pervasiveness of processes; and figures and objects depicting human and non-human elements. Based on the findings, we argue for a shift to greater embedding of meaningful relational approaches in assessment and feedback processes.
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- 2024
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138. Doing the 'Write' Thing: Handwriting and Typing Support in Secondary Schools in England
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Emma Sumner, Ruth Nightingale, Karen Gurney, Mellissa Prunty, and Anna L. Barnett
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Students must be able to produce legible and fluent text when completing classwork and for exam purposes. Some students, however, present with handwriting difficulties in secondary school. When these are significant, intervention may be necessary or alternatives to handwriting may be offered (e.g. use of a word processor). Little is known about current practice of supporting secondary students with handwriting difficulties in England and how recommendations are made to transition to typing. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 practitioners with a responsibility for supporting students with handwriting difficulties. Two themes were identified. The first theme, "doing the right thing," illustrated the tension between practitioners' commitment to supporting students with handwriting difficulties and their uncertainty around what is the "right" approach. The second theme, "influencing practice," described the contextual factors (student and family, school environment and national context) that impact on practitioners' practice and their decision to transition from handwriting to typing. Findings highlight the complexities of supporting this group of students and an urgent need for guidance at a national level to assist best practice. Implications for practice are discussed. Further research examining the effectiveness of handwriting interventions with secondary students and the optimum time to start typing is warranted.
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- 2024
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139. Exploring Australian Teachers' Perceptions of Physical Literacy: A Mixed-Methods Study
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Inimfon A. Essiet, Elyse Warner, Natalie J. Lander, Jo Salmon, Michael J. Duncan, Emma L. J. Eyre, and Lisa M. Barnett
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Background: Physical literacy (PL) has generated substantial international interest across sport, health and education sectors. Teachers play a crucial role in supporting children's PL growth. Despite PL featuring in several physical education curricular texts, research into teacher understanding and perception of the concept is scarce. This study aimed to explore the understanding and perception of PL among Australian teachers of health and physical education (including generalists and specialists). Methods: Utilizing an explanatory sequential mixed-methods study design, the first phase involved an online survey of 174 Australian teachers. The survey, developed from relevant literature, aimed to elicit an understanding of teachers' awareness, understanding, and perceptions of PL, and comprised a combination of open-ended, yes/no, Likert, and multiple-choice response options. The second phase involved semi-structured telephone interviews with nine survey participants, to build on survey responses. Interviews lasting on average 37 (range 28-58) minutes were digitally recorded and transcribed verbatim. For quantitative data, bivariate comparisons were made using chi-square tests to examine the relationships between teacher training (generalist versus specialist), age group, years of teaching experience, and teacher PL understanding. Interview data were analyzed using an inductive thematic approach to identify emergent theme clusters. Results: Respondents (n = 122, male 48.4%) were mostly specialist trained teachers, with 10-14 years of teaching experience. Quantitative findings revealed that while most teachers were aware of PL, many only partially understood the concept, often interpreting it as an understanding of bodily movements and/or the benefits of physical activity participation. There were no differences in PL understanding by teacher training, age group, or years of teaching experience. Two main themes, identified from qualitative interviews, which provided further explanation of teachers' understanding and perception of PL were: (a) 'physical literacy has been a bit of a buzzword': perceptions of the PL concept and (b) 'It's a concept that needs to be ingrained': implementing PL in schools. Teachers acknowledged the potential importance and applicability of PL, however, expressed scepticism (e.g. buzzword) about the concept. Narrow understanding of the concept persisted during interviews. In terms of its implementation within schools, teachers highlighted the need for curriculum alignment, provision of resources and professional development opportunities, and policy changes. In recognizing these implementation strategies, teachers further noted potential barriers that could hinder PL implementation including time constraints, workload and busyness, and the lack of prioritization of physical education (PE) within schools. Conclusion: Study findings revealed the urgent need to clarify the concept of PL for teachers given their critical role in ensuring effective and successful translation of research into educational practice. Resources, professional dialogue, and continuing professional development opportunities can support teachers' overall understanding and implementation of PL. This is important for potentially maximizing children's PL development across the lifespan.
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- 2024
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140. Aerobic Exercise, Mindfulness Meditation, and Stress-Reduction in High-Stress, College-Based Young Adults: A Pilot Study
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Gabriel H. Zieff, Lee Stoner, Barnett Frank, Susan Gaylord, Sarah Battle, and Anthony C. Hackney
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This pilot study assessed the feasibility and combined effect of aerobic exercise (AE) and mindfulness meditation (MM), compared with MM alone and a control (CON) condition, on stress, anxiety, and depression in high-stress college-based young adults. Thirty-two participants (84.4% F, 20.5 ± 2.7 years, 23.9 ± 5.0 kg/m[superscript 2]) were randomized to a four-week, AE + MM (n = 16), MM (n = 10), or control intervention (n = 6). ANOVA revealed non-significant, but noteworthy group x time interactions (perceived stress: p = 0.09; anxiety/depression: p = 0.07). Both AE + MM and MM seem to be feasible strategies to reduce levels of stress, anxiety and depression in college-based young adults.
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- 2024
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141. Increasing Teacher Retention and Supporting Students with Low-Incidence Disabilities through University Partnership
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Emerson Barnett and Ting Huang
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The shortage of teachers is amplified in rural areas where educators work with students with low-incidence disabilities (LID; visual or hearing impairment; significant cognitive impairment; any impairment for which a small number of personnel with highly specialized skills and knowledge are needed for children to receive early intervention services). This scarcity is closely linked to the lack of accessible knowledge for these teachers. Both a high attrition rate and lack of expertise negatively affect the educational outcomes of students with LID. We propose school-university partnerships (SUPs) to alleviate these challenges. This position paper presents the critical elements of a comprehensive SUP by synthesizing programs reported in the literature, including the following elements (a) instructional, assessment, and online resources; (b) mentorship; and (c) professional development. We specifically identify how these elements can improve outcomes of students with LID and alleviate the rural special education teacher shortage. Finally, we discuss the implications of this proposed SUP and implications for practices, policy, and research.
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- 2024
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142. Tugan-Baranovsky and The Russian Factory
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Barnett, Vincent, primary
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- 2024
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143. A 43-Year-Old Woman Is Complaining of Dry Eyes. The Exam Shows Punctate Keratopathy in the Inferior Third of Her Corneas. What Is the Optimal Management?
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Barnett, Melissa, primary
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- 2024
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144. The Evaluation Process in Rehabilitation
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Padua, Darin A., primary and Frank, Barnett, additional
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- 2024
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145. Education
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Barnett, Suzanne L., primary
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- 2024
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146. A rapid environmental risk assessment of the Kakhovka Dam breach during the Ukraine conflict
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Spears, Bryan M., Harpham, Quillon, Brown, Emma, Barnett, Catherine L., Barwell, Louise, Collell, Marta Roca, Davison, Mark, Dixon, Harry, Elliott, J. Alex, Garbutt, Angus, Hazlewood, Caroline, Hofmann, Barbara, Lanyon, James, Lofts, Stephen, MacKechnie, Colin, Medinets, Sergiy, Noble, James, Ramsbottom, David, Redhead, John W., Riera, Alberto, Spurgeon, David J., Svendsen, Claus, Taylor, Philip, Thackeray, Stephen J., Turvey, Katharine, and Wood, Michael D.
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- 2024
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147. Demonstrating a long-coherence dual-rail erasure qubit using tunable transmons
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Levine, Harry, Haim, Arbel, Hung, Jimmy S. C., Alidoust, Nasser, Kalaee, Mahmoud, DeLorenzo, Laura, Wollack, E. Alex, Arrangoiz-Arriola, Patricio, Khalajhedayati, Amirhossein, Sanil, Rohan, Moradinejad, Hesam, Vaknin, Yotam, Kubica, Aleksander, Hover, David, Aghaeimeibodi, Shahriar, Alcid, Joshua Ari, Baek, Christopher, Barnett, James, Bawdekar, Kaustubh, Bienias, Przemyslaw, Carson, Hugh, Chen, Cliff, Chen, Li, Chinkezian, Harut, Chisholm, Eric M., Clifford, Andrew, Cosmic, R., Crisosto, Nicole, Dalzell, Alexander M., Davis, Erik, D'Ewart, J. Mitch, Diez, Sandra, D'Souza, Nathan, Dumitrescu, Philipp T., Elkhouly, Essam, Fang, Michael, Fang, Yawen, Flammia, Steven T., Fling, Matthew J., Garcia, Gabriel, Gharzai, M. Kabeer, Gorshkov, Alexey V., Gray, Mason J., Grimberg, Sebastian, Grimsmo, Arne L., Hann, Connor T., He, Yuan, Heidel, Steven, Howell, Sean, Hunt, Matthew, Iverson, Joseph K., Jarrige, Ignace, Jiang, Liang, Jones, William M., Karabalin, Rassul, Karalekas, Peter J., Keller, Andrew J., Lasi, Davide, Lee, Menyoung, Ly, Victor, MacCabe, Gregory S., Mahuli, Neha, Marcaud, Guillaume, Matheny, Matthew H., McArdle, Sam, McCabe, Gavin, Merton, Gabe, Miles, Cody, Milsted, Ashley, Mishra, Anurag, Moncelsi, Lorenzo, Naghiloo, Mahdi, Noh, Kyungjoo, Oblepias, Eric, Ortuno, Gerson, Owens, John Clai, Pagdilao, Jason, Panduro, Ashley, Paquette, J. -P., Patel, Rishi N., Peairs, Gregory A., Perello, David J., Peterson, Eric C., Ponte, Sophia, Putterman, Harald, Refael, Gil, Reinhold, Philip, Resnick, Rachel, Reyna, Omar A., Rodriguez, Roberto, Rose, Jefferson, Rubin, Alex H., Runyan, Marc, Ryan, Colm A., Sahmoud, Abdulrahman, Scaffidi, Thomas, Shah, Bhavik, Siavoshi, Salome, Sivarajah, Prasahnt, Skogland, Trenton, Su, Chun-Ju, Swenson, Loren J., Sylvia, Jared, Teo, Stephanie M., Tomada, Astrid, Torlai, Giacomo, Wistrom, Mark, Zhang, Kailing, Zuk, Ido, Clerk, Aashish A., Brandão, Fernando G. S. L., Retzker, Alex, and Painter, Oskar
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Quantum Physics - Abstract
Quantum error correction with erasure qubits promises significant advantages over standard error correction due to favorable thresholds for erasure errors. To realize this advantage in practice requires a qubit for which nearly all errors are such erasure errors, and the ability to check for erasure errors without dephasing the qubit. We demonstrate that a "dual-rail qubit" consisting of a pair of resonantly coupled transmons can form a highly coherent erasure qubit, where transmon $T_1$ errors are converted into erasure errors and residual dephasing is strongly suppressed, leading to millisecond-scale coherence within the qubit subspace. We show that single-qubit gates are limited primarily by erasure errors, with erasure probability $p_\text{erasure} = 2.19(2)\times 10^{-3}$ per gate while the residual errors are $\sim 40$ times lower. We further demonstrate mid-circuit detection of erasure errors while introducing $< 0.1\%$ dephasing error per check. Finally, we show that the suppression of transmon noise allows this dual-rail qubit to preserve high coherence over a broad tunable operating range, offering an improved capacity to avoid frequency collisions. This work establishes transmon-based dual-rail qubits as an attractive building block for hardware-efficient quantum error correction., Comment: 9+13 pages, 16 figures
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- 2023
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148. The Ethical Implications of Generative Audio Models: A Systematic Literature Review
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Barnett, Julia
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Computer Science - Computers and Society ,Computer Science - Machine Learning ,Computer Science - Sound ,Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Audio and Speech Processing - Abstract
Generative audio models typically focus their applications in music and speech generation, with recent models having human-like quality in their audio output. This paper conducts a systematic literature review of 884 papers in the area of generative audio models in order to both quantify the degree to which researchers in the field are considering potential negative impacts and identify the types of ethical implications researchers in this area need to consider. Though 65% of generative audio research papers note positive potential impacts of their work, less than 10% discuss any negative impacts. This jarringly small percentage of papers considering negative impact is particularly worrying because the issues brought to light by the few papers doing so are raising serious ethical implications and concerns relevant to the broader field such as the potential for fraud, deep-fakes, and copyright infringement. By quantifying this lack of ethical consideration in generative audio research and identifying key areas of potential harm, this paper lays the groundwork for future work in the field at a critical point in time in order to guide more conscientious research as this field progresses., Comment: In proceedings of the AAAI/ACM Conference on AI, Ethics, and Society (AIES '23). 10 pages, 1 figure
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- 2023
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149. Revisiting the damped quantum harmonic oscillator
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Barnett, Stephen M., Cresser, James D., and Croke, Sarah
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Quantum Physics - Abstract
We reanalyse the quantum damped harmonic oscillator, introducing three less than common features. These are (i) the use of a continuum model of the reservoir rather than an ensemble of discrete oscillators, (ii) an exact diagonalisation of the Hamiltonian by adapting a technique pioneered by Fano, and (iii) the use of the thermofield technique for describing a finite temperature reservoir. We recover in this way a number of well-known and some, perhaps, less familiar results. An example of the latter is an ab initio proof that the oscillator relaxes to the mean-force Gibbs state. We find that special care is necessary when comparing the damped oscillator with its undamped counterpart as the former has two distinct natural frequencies, one associated with short time evolution and the other with longer times., Comment: 38 pages, 6 figures. This article, part review and part new results, is a contribution to the special issue of Physica Scripta "Challenges in quantum dynamics'', in honour of Professor Igor Jex on the occasion of his 60th birthday. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1508.02442
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- 2023
150. The Impact of an Innovative Education and Outreach Project by a Physics Experiment
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Barnett, R. Michael and Johansson, K. Erik
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Physics - Physics Education ,High Energy Physics - Experiment - Abstract
When the education and outreach project of ATLAS, a leading experiment at the Large Hadron Collider, was initiated in 1995, we wanted to share the drama and excitement in the exploration and discovery of new science. The goal was to make these fascinating stories understandable and available to everybody and inspire the next generation of scientists and engineers. The education and outreach material included classroom activities, an extensive website, videos, a YouTube channel, social media, a planetarium show, and materials related to search for and discovery of the Higgs Boson., Comment: 17 pages, 13 figures
- Published
- 2023
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