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655 results on '"Axelrod T"'

101. The MACHO Project 5.7 Year LMC Results

Author

Lehner, M. J., Alcock, C., Allsman, R. A., Alves, D. R., Axelrod, T. S., Becker, A. C., Bennett, D. P., Cook, K. H., Dalal, N., Drake, A. J., Freeman, K. C., Geha, M., Griest, K., Marshall, S. L., Minniti, D., Nelson, C. A., Peterson, B. A., Popowski, P., Pratt, M. R., Quinn, P. J., Stubbs, C. W., Sutherland, W., Tomaney, A. B., Vandehei, T., Welch, D., and Klapdor-Kleingrothaus, H. V., editor

Published
2001
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102. The TAOS Project: High-Speed Crowded Field Aperture Photometry

Author

Zhang, Z.-W., Kim, D.-W., Wang, J.-H., Lehner, M. J., Chen, W. P., Byun, Y.-I., Alcock, C., Axelrod, T., Bianco, F. B., Coehlo, N. K., Cook, K. H., Dave, R., de Pater, I., Giammarco, J., King, S.-K., Lee, T., Lin, H.-C., Marshall, S. L., Porrata, R., Protopapas, P., Rice, J. A., Schwamb, M. E., Wang, S.-Y., and Wen, C.-Y.

Published
2009
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103. Bulge δ Scuti Stars in the Macho Database

Author

Minniti, D., Alcock, C., Alves, D. R., Cook, K. H., Marshall, S. L., Axelrod, T. S., Freeman, K. C., Peterson, B. A., Rodgers, A. W., Becker, A. C., Pratt, M. R., Stubbs, C. W., Tomaney, A., Bennett, D. P., Griest, K., Lehner, M. J., Vandehei, T., Quinn, P. J., Sutherland, W., Welch, D., Bedding, T. R., editor, Booth, A. J., editor, and Davis, J., editor

Published
1997
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104. Statistical Issues in the MACHO Project

Author

Axelrod, T. S., Alcock, C., Allsman, R. A., Alves, D., Becker, A. C., Bennett, D. P., Cook, K. H., Freeman, K. C., Griest, K., Guern, J., Lehner, M. J., Marshall, S. L., Peterson, B. A., Pratt, M. R., Quinn, P. J., Rodgers, A. W., Stubbs, C. W., Sutherland, W., Welch, D. L., Babu, G. Jogesh, editor, and Feigelson, Eric D., editor

Published
1997
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106. Optical variability of the LMC supersoft source RX J0513.9-6951

Author

Southwell, K. A., Livio, M., Charles, P. A., Sutherland, W., Alcock, C., Allsman, R. A., Alves, D., Axelrod, T. S., Bennett, D. P., Cook, K. H., Freeman, K. C., Griest, K., Guern, J., Lehner, M. J., Marshall, S. L., Peterson, B. A., Pratt, M. R., Quinn, P. J., Rodgers, A. W., Stubbs, C. W., Welch, D. L., Araki, H., editor, Brézin, E., editor, Ehlers, J., editor, Frisch, U., editor, Hepp, K., editor, Jaffe, R. L., editor, Kippenhahn, R., editor, Weidenmüller, H. A., editor, Wess, J., editor, Zittartz, J., editor, Beiglböck, W., editor, and Greiner, Jochen, editor

Published
1996
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107. The CCD Array Camera for the Macho Project

Author

Marshall, S., Alcock, C., Akerlof, C. W., Allsman, R. A., Axelrod, T. S., Bennett, D. P., Chan, S., Cook, K. H., Freeman, K. C., Griest, K., Marshall, S. L., Park, H. S., Perlmutter, S., Peterson, B. A., Pratt, M. R., Quinn, P. J., Rodgers, A. W., Stubbs, C. W., Sutherland, W., MacGillivray, H. T., editor, Thomson, E. B., editor, Lasker, B. M., editor, Reid, I. N., editor, Malin, D. F., editor, West, R. M., editor, and Lorenz, H., editor

Published
1994
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108. The search for massive compact halo objects

Author

Alcock, C., Axelrod, T. S., Bennett, D. P., Cook, K. H., Park, H. -S., Griest, K., Perlmutter, S., Stubbs, C. W., Freeman, K. C., Peterson, B. A., Quinn, P. J., Rodgers, A. W., Araki, H., editor, Brézin, E., editor, Ehlers, J., editor, Frisch, U., editor, Hepp, K., editor, Jaffe, R. L., editor, Kippenhahn, R., editor, Weidenmüller, H. A., editor, Wess, J., editor, Zittartz, J., editor, Beiglböck, W., editor, Kayser, Rainer, editor, Schramm, Thomas, editor, and Nieser, Lars, editor

Published
1992
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110. The Telescope System of the MACHO Program

Author

Hart, J., van Harmelen, J., Hovey, G., Freeman, K. C., Peterson, B. A., Axelrod, T. S., Quinn, P. J., Rodgers, A. W., Allsman, R. A., Alcock, C., Bennett, D. P., Cook, K. H., Griest, K., Marshall, S. L., Pratt, M. R., Stubbs, C. W., and Sutherland, W.

Published
1996

112. Direct detection of a microlens in the Milky Way

Author

Alcock, C., Allsman, R. A., Alves, D. R., Axelrod, T. S., Becker, A. C., Bennett, D. P., Cook, K. H., Drake, A. J., Freeman, K. C., Geha, M., Griest, K., Keller, S. C., Lehner, M. J., Marshall, S. L., Minniti, D., Nelson, C. A., Peterson, B. A., Popowski, P., Pratt, M. R., Quinn, P. J., Stubbs, C. W., Sutherland, W., Tomaney, A. B., Vandehei, T., and Welch, D.

Published
2001

116. Supplementary online material for article, 'Mapping the Interstellar Reddening and Extinction toward Baade's Window Using Minimum Light Colors of ab-type RR Lyrae Stars: Revelations from the De-reddened Color–Magnitude Diagrams'

Author

Saha, Abhijit, primary, Vivas, A. Katherina, additional, Olszewski, Edward W., additional, Smith, Verne, additional, Olsen, Knut, additional, Blum, Robert, additional, Valdes, Francisco, additional, Claver, Jenna, additional, Calamida, Annalisa, additional, Walker, Alistair R., additional, Matheson, Thomas, additional, Narayan, Gautham, additional, Soraisam, Monika, additional, Cunha, Katia, additional, Axelrod, T., additional, Bloom, Joshua S., additional, Cenko, S. Bradley, additional, Frye, Brenda, additional, Juric, Mario, additional, Kaleida, Catherine, additional, Kunder, Andrea, additional, Miller, Adam, additional, Nidever, David, additional, and Ridgway, Stephen, additional

Published
2019
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117. Mapping the Interstellar Reddening and Extinction toward Baade’s Window Using Minimum Light Colors of ab-type RR Lyrae Stars: Revelations from the De-reddened Color–Magnitude Diagrams

Author

Saha, Abhijit, primary, Vivas, A. Katherina, additional, Olszewski, Edward W., additional, Smith, Verne, additional, Olsen, Knut, additional, Blum, Robert, additional, Valdes, Francisco, additional, Claver, Jenna, additional, Calamida, Annalisa, additional, Walker, Alistair R., additional, Matheson, Thomas, additional, Narayan, Gautham, additional, Soraisam, Monika, additional, Cunha, Katia, additional, Axelrod, T., additional, Bloom, Joshua S., additional, Cenko, S. Bradley, additional, Frye, Brenda, additional, Juric, Mario, additional, Kaleida, Catherine, additional, Kunder, Andrea, additional, Miller, Adam, additional, Nidever, David, additional, and Ridgway, Stephen, additional

Published
2019
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119. Factors Associated with Revision Surgery after Internal Fixation of Hip Fractures

Author

Sprague, S. (Sheila), Schemitsch, E.H. (Emil H.), Swiontkowski, M.F. (Marc ), Della Rocca, G.J. (Gregory J.), Jeray, K.J. (Kyle J.), Liew, S. (Susan), Slobogean, G.P. (Gerard P.), Bzovsky, S. (Sofia), Heels-Ansdell, D. (Diane), Zhou, Q. (Qi), Bhandari, M. (Mohit), Sprag, S. (Sheila), Devereaux, P.J., Guyatt, G.H. (Gordon), Heetveld, M.J. (Martin J.), Richardson, M. (Martin), Thabane, L. (Lehana), Tornetta III, P. (Paul), Walter, S.D. (Stephen D.), McKay, P. (Paula), Scott, T. (Taryn), Garibaldi, A. (Alisha), Viveiros, H. (Helena), Swinton, M. (Marilyn), Gichuru, M. (Mark), Buckingham, L. (Lisa), Duraikannan, A. (Aravin), Maddock, D. (Deborah), Simunovic, N. (Nicole), Agel, J. (Julie), Lieshout, E.M.M. (Esther) van, Zielinski, S.M. (Stephanie), Rangan, A. (Amar), Hanusch, B.C. (Birgit C.), Kottam, L. (Lucksy), Clarkson, R. (Rachel), Haverlag, R. (Robert), McCormack, R. (Robert), Apostle, K. (Kelly), Boyer, D. (Dory), Moola, F. (Farhad), Perey, B. (Bertrand), Stone, T. (Trevor), Viskontas, D. (Darius), Lemke, H.M. (H. Michael), Zomar, M. (Mauri), Moon, K. (Karyn), Moon, R. (Raely), Oatt, A. (Amber), Buckley, R.E. (Richard E.), Duffy, P. (Paul), Korley, R. (Robert), Puloski, S. (Shannon), Powell, J. (James), Johnston, K. (Kelly), Carcary, K. (Kimberly), Lorenzo, M. (Melissa), McKercher, R. (Ross), Sanders, D. (David), MacLeod, M. (Mark), Lawendy, A.-R. (Abdel-Rahman), Tieszer, C. (Christina), Stephen, D. (David), Kreder, H. (Hans), Jenkinson, R. (Richard), Nousiainen, M. (Markku), Axelrod, T. (Terry), Murnaghan, J. (John), Nam, D. (Diane), Wadey, V. (Veronica), Yee, A. (Albert), Milner, K. (Katrine), Kunz, M. (Monica), Ghent, W. (Wesley), McKee, M.D. (Michael D.), Hall, J.A. (Jeremy A.), Nauth, A. (Aaron), Ahn, H. (Henry), Whelan, D.B. (Daniel B.), Vicente, M.R. (Milena R.), Wild, L.M. (Lisa M.), Khan, R.M. (Ryan M.), Hidy, J.T. (Jennifer T.), Coles, C. (Chad), Leighton, R. (Ross), Biddulph, M. (Michael), Johnston, D. (David), Glazebrook, M. (Mark), Alexander, D. (David), Coady, C. (Catherine), Dunbar, M. (Michael), Amirault, J.D. (J. David), Gross, M. (Michael), Oxner, W. (William), Reardon, G. (Gerald), Richardson, C.G. (C. Glen), Trenholm, J.A. (J. Andrew), Wong, I. (Ivan), Trask, K. (Kelly), MacDonald, S. (Shelley), Dobbin, G. (Gwendolyn), Bicknell, R. (Ryan), Yach, J. (Jeff), Bardana, D. (Davide), Wood, G. (Gavin), Harrison, M. (Mark), Yen, D. (David), Lambert, S. (Sue), Howells, F. (Fiona), Ward, A. (Angela), Zalzal, P. (Paul), Brien, H. (Heather), Naumetz, V. (V.), Weening, B. (Brad), Wai, E.K. (Eugene K.), Papp, S. (Steve), Gofton, W.T. (Wade T.), Liew, A. (Allen), Kingwell, S.P. (Stephen P.), Johnson, G. (Garth), O'Neil, J. (Joseph), Roffey, D.M. (Darren M.), Borsella, V. (Vivian), Avram, V. (Victoria), Oliver, T.M. (Todd M.), Jones, V. (Vicki), Vogt, M. (Michelle), Jones, C.B. (Clifford B.), Ringler, J.R. (James R.), Endres, T.J. (Terrence J.), Sietsema, D.L. (Debra L.), Walker, J.E. (Jane E.), Broderick, J.S. (J. Scott), Goetz, D.R. (David R.), Pace, T.B. (Thomas B.), Schaller, T.M. (Thomas M.), Porter, S.E. (Scott E.), Beckish, M.L. (Michael L.), Adams, J.D. (John D.), Barden, B.B. (Benjamin B.), Creek, A.T. (Aaron T.), Finley, S.H. (Stephen H.), Foret, J.L. (Jonathan L.), Gudger, G.K. (Garland K.), Gurich, R.W. (Richard W.), Hill, A.D. (Austin D.), Hollenbeck, S.M. (Steven M.), Jackson, L.T. (Lyle T.), Kruse, K.K. (Kevin K.), Lackey, W.G. (Wesley G.), Langan, J.W. (Justin W.), Lee, J. (Julia), Leffler, L.C. (Lauren C.), Miller, T.J. (Timothy J.), Murphy, R.L. (R. Lee), O'Malley, L.K. (Lawrence K.), Peters, M.E. (Melissa E.), Price, D.M. (Dustin M.), Tanksley, J.A. (John A.), Torres, E.T. (Erick T.), Watson, D.J. (Dylan J.), Watson, S.T. (Scott T.), Tanner, S.L. (Stephanie L.), Snider, R.G. (Rebecca G.), Nastoff, L.A. (Lauren A.), Bielby, S.A. (Shea A.), Teasdall, R.J. (Robert J.), Switzer, J.A. (Julie A.), Cole, P.A. (Peter A.), Anderson, S.A. (Sarah A.), Lafferty, P.M. (Paul M.), Li, M. (Mengnai), Ly, T.V. (Thuan V.), Marston, S.B. (Scott B.), Foley, A.L. (Amy L.), Vang, S. (Sandy), Wright, D.M. (David M.), Marcantonio, A.J. (Andrew J.), Kain, M.S.H. (Michael S.H.), Iorio, R. (Richard), Specht, L.M. (Lawrence M.), Tilzey, J.F. (John F.), Lobo, M.J. (Margaret J.), Garfi, J.S. (John S.), Vallier, H.A. (Heather A.), Dolenc, A. (Andrea), Breslin, M. (Mary), Prayson, M.J. (Michael J.), Laughlin, R. (Richard), Rubino, L.J. (L. Joseph), May, J. (Jedediah), Rieser, G.R. (Geoffrey Ryan), Dulaney-Cripe, L. (Liz), Gayton, C. (Chris), Shaer, J. (James), Schrickel, T. (Tyson), Hileman, B. (Barbara), Gorczyca, J.T. (John T.), Gross, J.M. (Jonathan M.), Humphrey, C.A. (Catherine A.), Kates, S. (Stephen), Ketz, J.P. (John P.), Noble, K. (Krista), McIntyre, A.W. (Allison W.), Pecorella, K. (Kaili), Davis, C.A. (Craig A.), Weinerman, S. (Stuart), Weingarten, P. (Peter), Stull, P. (Philip), Lindenbaum, S. (Stephen), Hewitt, M. (Michael), Schwappach, J. (John), Baker, J.K. (Janell K.), Rutherford, T. (Tori), Newman, H. (Heike), Lieberman, S. (Shane), Finn, E. (Erin), Robbins, K. (Kristin), Hurley, M. (Meghan), Lyle, L. (Lindsey), Mitchell, K. (Khalis), Browner, K. (Kieran), Whatley, E. (Erica), Payton, K. (Krystal), Reeves, C. (Christina), Cannada, L.K. (Lisa K.), Karges, D.E. (David E.), Dawson, S.A. (Sarah A.), Mehta, S. (Samir), Esterhai, J. (John), Ahn, J. (Jaimo), Donegan, D. (Derek), Horan, A.D. (Annamarie D.), Hesketh, P.J. (Patrick J.), Bannister, E.R. (Evan R.), Keeve, J.P. (Jonathan P.), Anderson, C.G. (Christopher G.), McDonald, M.D. (Michael D.), Hoffman, J.M. (Jodi M.), Tarkin, I. (Ivan), Siska, P. (Peter), Gruen, G. (Gary), Evans, A. (Andrew), Farrell, D.J. (Dana J.), Irrgang, J. (James), Luther, A. (Arlene), Cross, W.W. (William W.), Cass, J.R. (Joseph R.), Sems, S.A. (Stephen A.), Torchia, M.E. (Michael E.), Scrabeck, T. (Tyson), Jenkins, M. (Mark), Dumais, J. (Jules), Romero, A.W. (Amanda W.), Sagebien, C.A. (Carlos A.), Butler, M.S. (Mark S.), Monica, J.T. (James T.), Seuffert, P. (Patricia), Hsu, J.R. (Joseph R.), Stinner, D. (Daniel), Ficke, J. (James), Charlton, M. (Michael), Napierala, M. (Matthew), Fan, M. (Mary), Tannoury, C. (Chadi), Carlisle, H. (Hope), Silva, H. (Heather), Archdeacon, M. (Michael), Finnan, R. (Ryan), Le, T. (Toan), Wyrick, J. (John), Hess, S. (Shelley), Brennan, M.L. (Michael L.), Probe, R. (Robert), Kile, E. (Evelyn), Mills, K. (Kelli), Clipper, L. (Lydia), Yu, M. (Michelle), Erwin, K. (Katie), Horwitz, D. (Daniel), Strohecker, K. (Kent), Swenson, T.K. (Teresa K.), Schmidt, A.H. (Andrew H.), Westberg, J.R. (Jerald R.), Aurang, K. (Kamran), Zohman, G. (Gary), Peterson, B. (Brett), Huff, R.B. (Roger B.), Baele, J. (Joseph), Weber, T. (Timothy), Edison, M. (Matt), McBeth, J.C. (Jessica Cooper), Shively, K. (Karl), Ertl, J.P. (Janos P.), Mullis, B. (Brian), Parr, J.A. (J. Andrew), Worman, R. (Ripley), Frizzell, V. (Valda), Moore, M.M. (Molly M.), DePaolo, C.J. (Charles J.), Alosky, R. (Rachel), Shell, L.E. (Leslie E.), Hampton, L. (Lynne), Shepard, S. (Stephanie), Nanney, T. (Tracy), Cuento, C. (Claudine), Cantu, R.V. (Robert V.), Henderson, E.R. (Eric R.), Eickhoff, L.S. (Linda S.), Hammerberg, E.M. (E. Mark), Stahel, P. (Philip), Hak, D. (David), Mauffrey, C. (Cyril), Henderson, C. (Corey), Gissel, H. (Hannah), Gibula, D. (Douglas), Zamorano, D.P. (David P.), Tynan, M.C. (Martin C.), Pourmand, D. (Deeba), Lawson, D. (Deanna), Crist, B.D. (Brett D.), Murtha, Y.M. (Yvonne M.), Anderson, L.K. (Linda K.), Linehan, C. (Colleen), Pilling, L. (Lindsey), Lewis, C.G. (Courtland G.), Caminiti, S. (Stephanie), Sullivan, R.J. (Raymond J.), Roper, E. (Elizabeth), Obremskey, W. (William), Kregor, P. (Philip), Richards, J.E. (Justin E.), Stringfellow, K. (Kenya), Dohm, M.P. (Michael P.), Zellar, A. (Abby), Segers, M.J.M. (Michiel), Zijl, J.A.C. (Jacco A.C.), Verhoeven, B. (Bart), Smits, A.B. (Anke B.), De Vries, J.P.P.M. (Jean Paul P.M.), Fioole, B. (Bram), Van Der Hoeven, H. (Henk), Theunissen, E.B.M. (Evert B.M.), De Vries Reilingh, T.S. (Tammo S.), Govaert, L. (Lonneke), Wittich, P. (Philippe), De Brauw, M. (Maurits), Wille, J.C. (Jan), Go, P.M.N.Y.M. (Peter M.N.Y.M.), Ritchie, E.D. (Ewan D.), Wessel, R.N. (Ronald N.), Hammacher, E.R. (Eric), Visser, G.A. (Gijs A.), Stockmann, H. (Heyn), Silvis, R. (Rob), Snellen, J.P. (Jaap P.), Rijbroek, B. (Bram), Scheepers, J.J. (Joris J.), Vermeulen, E.G.J. (Erik G.J.), Siroen, M.P.C. (Michiel P.C.), Vuylsteke, R. (Ronald), Brom, H.L.F., Rijna, H., Rijcke, P.A.R. (Piet), Koppert, C.L. (Cees L.), Buijk, S.E. (Steven E.), Groenendijk, R.P.R. (Richard), Dawson, I. (Imro), Tetteroo, G.W.M. (Geert), Bruijninckx, M.M.M. (Milko), Doornebosch, P. (Pascal), Graaf, E.J.R. (Eelco) de, Elst, M. (Maarten) van der, Pol, C. (Carmen) van der, Riet, M. (Martijne) van 't, Karsten, T.M. (Thomas), Vries, M.R. (Mark) de, Stassen, L.P.S. (Laurents P.S.), Schep, N.W.L. (Niels), Ben Schmidt, G. (G.), Hoffman, W.H. (W. H.), Poolman, R.W. (Rudolf), Simons, M.P., Heijden, F.H.W.M. (Frank) van der, Willems, W.J. (Jaap), De Meulemeester, F.R.A.J. (Frank R.A.J.), Hart, C.P. (Cor P.) van der, Turckan, K. (Kahn), Festen, S. (Sebastiaan), Nies, F. (Frank) de, Out, N.J.M. (Nico J.M.), Bosma, J. (Jan), Kampen, A. (A.) van, Biert, J. (Jan), Van Vugt, A.B. (Arie B.), Edwards, M.J.R. (Michael J.R.), Blokhuis, T.J. (Taco J.), Frölke, J.P.M. (Jan Paul), Geeraedts, L.M.G. (Leo M.G.), Gardeniers, J.W.M. (Jean W.M.), Tan, E.C.T.H. (Edward C.T.H.), Poelhekke, L.M.S.J., De Waal Malefijt, M.C. (Maarten C.), Schreurs, B. (Bart), Roukema, G.R. (Gert), Josaputra, H.A. (Hong A.), Keller, P. (Paul), De Rooij, P.D. (Peter D.), Kuiken, H. (Hans), Boxma, H. (Han), Cleffken, B.I. (Berry), Liem, R. (Ronald), Rhemrev, S. (Steven), Bosman, C.H.R. (Coks H.R.), De Mol Van Otterloo, A. (Alexander), Hoogendoorn, J. (Jochem), Vries, A.C. (Alexander) de, Meylaerts, S.A.G. (Sven), Verhofstad, M.H.J. (Michiel), Meijer, J. (Joost), Van Egmond, T. (Teun), Van Der Brand, I. (Igor), Patka, P. (Peter), Eversdijk, M.G. (Martin), Peters, R. (Rolf), Hartog, D. (Dennis) den, Waes, O.J.F. (Oscar) van, Oprel, P.P. (Pim), Vis, H.M. (Harm) van der, Campo, M. (Martin), Verhagen, R. (Ronald), Albers, G.H.R. (G.H. Robert), Zurcher, A.W. (Arthur W.), Simmermacher, R.K.J., Van Mulken, J. (Jeroen), Wessem, K.J.P. van, Van Gaalen, S.M. (Steven M.), Leenen, L.P.H., Bronkhorst, M.W.G.A. (Maarten), Guicherit, O.R. (Onno R.), Goslings, J.C. (Carel), Ponsen, K.J. (Kees-jan), Bhatia, M. (Mahesh), Arora, V. (Vinod), Tyagi, V. (Vivek), Bedi, H. (Harvinder), Carr, A. (Ashley), Curry, H. (Hamish), Chia, A. (Andrew), Csongvay, S. (Steve), Donohue, C. (Craig), Doig, S. (Stephen), Edwards, E. (Elton), Etherington, G. (Greg), Esser, M. (Max), Gong, A. (Andrew), Jain, A. (Arvind), Li, D. (Doug), Miller, R. (Russell), Moaveni, A. (Ash), Russ, M. (Matthias), Ton, L. (Lu), Wang, O. (Otis), Dowrick, A. (Adam), Murdoch, Z. (Zoe), Sage, C. (Claire), Frihagen, F. (Frede), Clarke-Jenssen, J. (John), Hjorthaug, G. (Geir), Ianssen, T. (Torben), Amundsen, A. (Asgeir), Brattgjerd, J.E. (Jan Egil), Borch, T. (Tor), Bøe, B. (Berthe), Flatøy, B. (Bernhard), Hasselund, S. (Sondre), Haug, K.J. (Knut Jørgen), Hemlock, K. (Kim), Hoseth, T.M. (Tor Magne), Jomaas, G. (Geir), Kibsgård, T. (Thomas), Lona, T. (Tarjei), Moatshe, G. (Gilbert), Müller, O. (Oliver), Molund, M. (Marius), Nicolaisen, T. (Tor), Nilsen, F. (Fredrik), Rydinge, J. (Jonas), Smedsrud, M. (Morten), Stødle, A. (Are), Trommer, A. (Axel), Ugland, S. (Stein), Karlsten, A. (Anders), Ekås, G. (Guri), Vesterhus, E.B. (Elise Berg), Brekke, A.C. (Anne Christine), Gupta, A. (Ajay), Jain, N. (Neeraj), Khan, F. (Farah), Sharma, A. (Ateet), Sanghavi, A. (Amir), Trivedi, M. (Mittal), Rai, A. (Anil), Subash, (), Rai, K. (Kamal), Yadav, V. (Vineet), Singh, S. (Sanjay), Tetsworth, K. (Kevin), Donald, G. (Geoff), Weinrauch, P. (Patrick), Pincus, P. (Paul), Yang, S. (Steven), Halliday, B. (Brett), Gervais, T. (Trevor), Holt, M. (Michael), Flynn, A. (Annette), Prasad, A.S. (Amal Shankar), Mishra, V. (Vimlesh), Sundaresh, D.C. (D. C.), Khanna, A. (Angshuman), Cherian, J.J. (Joe Joseph), Olakkengil, D.J. (Davy J), Sharma, G. (Gaurav), Pirpiris, M. (Marinis), Love, D. (David), Bucknill, A. (Andrew), Farrugia, R.J. (Richard J), Pape, H.-C. (Hans-Christoph), Knobe, M. (Matthias), Pfeifer, R. (Roman), Hull, P. (Peter), Lewis, S. (Sophie), Evans, S. (Simone), Nanda, R. (Rajesh), Logishetty, R. (Rajanikanth), Anand, S. (Sanjeev), Bowler, C. (Carol), Dadi, A. (Akhil), Palla, N. (Naveen), Ganguly, U. (Utsav), Rai, B.S. (B. Sachidananda), Rajakumar, J. (Janakiraman), Jennings, A. (Andrew), Chuter, G. (Graham), Rose, G. (Glynis), Horner, G. (Gillian), Clark, C. (Callum), Eke, K. (Kate), Reed, M.R. (Mike), Inman, D. (Dominic), Herriott, C. (Chris), Dobb, C. (Christine), Sprague, S. (Sheila), Schemitsch, E.H. (Emil H.), Swiontkowski, M.F. (Marc ), Della Rocca, G.J. (Gregory J.), Jeray, K.J. (Kyle J.), Liew, S. (Susan), Slobogean, G.P. (Gerard P.), Bzovsky, S. (Sofia), Heels-Ansdell, D. (Diane), Zhou, Q. (Qi), Bhandari, M. (Mohit), Sprag, S. (Sheila), Devereaux, P.J., Guyatt, G.H. (Gordon), Heetveld, M.J. (Martin J.), Richardson, M. (Martin), Thabane, L. (Lehana), Tornetta III, P. (Paul), Walter, S.D. (Stephen D.), McKay, P. (Paula), Scott, T. (Taryn), Garibaldi, A. (Alisha), Viveiros, H. (Helena), Swinton, M. (Marilyn), Gichuru, M. (Mark), Buckingham, L. (Lisa), Duraikannan, A. (Aravin), Maddock, D. (Deborah), Simunovic, N. (Nicole), Agel, J. (Julie), Lieshout, E.M.M. (Esther) van, Zielinski, S.M. (Stephanie), Rangan, A. (Amar), Hanusch, B.C. (Birgit C.), Kottam, L. (Lucksy), Clarkson, R. (Rachel), Haverlag, R. (Robert), McCormack, R. (Robert), Apostle, K. (Kelly), Boyer, D. (Dory), Moola, F. (Farhad), Perey, B. (Bertrand), Stone, T. (Trevor), Viskontas, D. (Darius), Lemke, H.M. (H. Michael), Zomar, M. (Mauri), Moon, K. (Karyn), Moon, R. (Raely), Oatt, A. (Amber), Buckley, R.E. (Richard E.), Duffy, P. (Paul), Korley, R. (Robert), Puloski, S. (Shannon), Powell, J. (James), Johnston, K. (Kelly), Carcary, K. (Kimberly), Lorenzo, M. (Melissa), McKercher, R. (Ross), Sanders, D. (David), MacLeod, M. (Mark), Lawendy, A.-R. (Abdel-Rahman), Tieszer, C. (Christina), Stephen, D. (David), Kreder, H. (Hans), Jenkinson, R. (Richard), Nousiainen, M. (Markku), Axelrod, T. (Terry), Murnaghan, J. (John), Nam, D. (Diane), Wadey, V. (Veronica), Yee, A. (Albert), Milner, K. (Katrine), Kunz, M. (Monica), Ghent, W. (Wesley), McKee, M.D. (Michael D.), Hall, J.A. (Jeremy A.), Nauth, A. (Aaron), Ahn, H. (Henry), Whelan, D.B. (Daniel B.), Vicente, M.R. (Milena R.), Wild, L.M. (Lisa M.), Khan, R.M. (Ryan M.), Hidy, J.T. (Jennifer T.), Coles, C. (Chad), Leighton, R. (Ross), Biddulph, M. (Michael), Johnston, D. (David), Glazebrook, M. (Mark), Alexander, D. (David), Coady, C. (Catherine), Dunbar, M. (Michael), Amirault, J.D. (J. David), Gross, M. (Michael), Oxner, W. (William), Reardon, G. (Gerald), Richardson, C.G. (C. Glen), Trenholm, J.A. (J. Andrew), Wong, I. (Ivan), Trask, K. (Kelly), MacDonald, S. (Shelley), Dobbin, G. (Gwendolyn), Bicknell, R. (Ryan), Yach, J. (Jeff), Bardana, D. (Davide), Wood, G. (Gavin), Harrison, M. (Mark), Yen, D. (David), Lambert, S. (Sue), Howells, F. (Fiona), Ward, A. (Angela), Zalzal, P. (Paul), Brien, H. (Heather), Naumetz, V. (V.), Weening, B. (Brad), Wai, E.K. (Eugene K.), Papp, S. (Steve), Gofton, W.T. (Wade T.), Liew, A. (Allen), Kingwell, S.P. (Stephen P.), Johnson, G. (Garth), O'Neil, J. (Joseph), Roffey, D.M. (Darren M.), Borsella, V. (Vivian), Avram, V. (Victoria), Oliver, T.M. (Todd M.), Jones, V. (Vicki), Vogt, M. (Michelle), Jones, C.B. (Clifford B.), Ringler, J.R. (James R.), Endres, T.J. (Terrence J.), Sietsema, D.L. (Debra L.), Walker, J.E. (Jane E.), Broderick, J.S. (J. Scott), Goetz, D.R. (David R.), Pace, T.B. (Thomas B.), Schaller, T.M. (Thomas M.), Porter, S.E. (Scott E.), Beckish, M.L. (Michael L.), Adams, J.D. (John D.), Barden, B.B. (Benjamin B.), Creek, A.T. (Aaron T.), Finley, S.H. (Stephen H.), Foret, J.L. (Jonathan L.), Gudger, G.K. (Garland K.), Gurich, R.W. (Richard W.), Hill, A.D. (Austin D.), Hollenbeck, S.M. (Steven M.), Jackson, L.T. (Lyle T.), Kruse, K.K. (Kevin K.), Lackey, W.G. (Wesley G.), Langan, J.W. (Justin W.), Lee, J. (Julia), Leffler, L.C. (Lauren C.), Miller, T.J. (Timothy J.), Murphy, R.L. (R. Lee), O'Malley, L.K. (Lawrence K.), Peters, M.E. (Melissa E.), Price, D.M. (Dustin M.), Tanksley, J.A. (John A.), Torres, E.T. (Erick T.), Watson, D.J. (Dylan J.), Watson, S.T. (Scott T.), Tanner, S.L. (Stephanie L.), Snider, R.G. (Rebecca G.), Nastoff, L.A. (Lauren A.), Bielby, S.A. (Shea A.), Teasdall, R.J. (Robert J.), Switzer, J.A. (Julie A.), Cole, P.A. (Peter A.), Anderson, S.A. (Sarah A.), Lafferty, P.M. (Paul M.), Li, M. (Mengnai), Ly, T.V. (Thuan V.), Marston, S.B. (Scott B.), Foley, A.L. (Amy L.), Vang, S. (Sandy), Wright, D.M. (David M.), Marcantonio, A.J. (Andrew J.), Kain, M.S.H. (Michael S.H.), Iorio, R. (Richard), Specht, L.M. (Lawrence M.), Tilzey, J.F. (John F.), Lobo, M.J. (Margaret J.), Garfi, J.S. (John S.), Vallier, H.A. (Heather A.), Dolenc, A. (Andrea), Breslin, M. (Mary), Prayson, M.J. (Michael J.), Laughlin, R. (Richard), Rubino, L.J. (L. Joseph), May, J. (Jedediah), Rieser, G.R. (Geoffrey Ryan), Dulaney-Cripe, L. (Liz), Gayton, C. (Chris), Shaer, J. (James), Schrickel, T. (Tyson), Hileman, B. (Barbara), Gorczyca, J.T. (John T.), Gross, J.M. (Jonathan M.), Humphrey, C.A. (Catherine A.), Kates, S. (Stephen), Ketz, J.P. (John P.), Noble, K. (Krista), McIntyre, A.W. (Allison W.), Pecorella, K. (Kaili), Davis, C.A. (Craig A.), Weinerman, S. (Stuart), Weingarten, P. (Peter), Stull, P. (Philip), Lindenbaum, S. (Stephen), Hewitt, M. (Michael), Schwappach, J. (John), Baker, J.K. (Janell K.), Rutherford, T. (Tori), Newman, H. (Heike), Lieberman, S. (Shane), Finn, E. (Erin), Robbins, K. (Kristin), Hurley, M. (Meghan), Lyle, L. (Lindsey), Mitchell, K. (Khalis), Browner, K. (Kieran), Whatley, E. (Erica), Payton, K. (Krystal), Reeves, C. (Christina), Cannada, L.K. (Lisa K.), Karges, D.E. (David E.), Dawson, S.A. (Sarah A.), Mehta, S. (Samir), Esterhai, J. (John), Ahn, J. (Jaimo), Donegan, D. (Derek), Horan, A.D. (Annamarie D.), Hesketh, P.J. (Patrick J.), Bannister, E.R. (Evan R.), Keeve, J.P. (Jonathan P.), Anderson, C.G. (Christopher G.), McDonald, M.D. (Michael D.), Hoffman, J.M. (Jodi M.), Tarkin, I. (Ivan), Siska, P. (Peter), Gruen, G. (Gary), Evans, A. (Andrew), Farrell, D.J. (Dana J.), Irrgang, J. (James), Luther, A. (Arlene), Cross, W.W. (William W.), Cass, J.R. (Joseph R.), Sems, S.A. (Stephen A.), Torchia, M.E. (Michael E.), Scrabeck, T. (Tyson), Jenkins, M. (Mark), Dumais, J. (Jules), Romero, A.W. (Amanda W.), Sagebien, C.A. (Carlos A.), Butler, M.S. (Mark S.), Monica, J.T. (James T.), Seuffert, P. (Patricia), Hsu, J.R. (Joseph R.), Stinner, D. (Daniel), Ficke, J. (James), Charlton, M. (Michael), Napierala, M. (Matthew), Fan, M. (Mary), Tannoury, C. (Chadi), Carlisle, H. (Hope), Silva, H. (Heather), Archdeacon, M. (Michael), Finnan, R. (Ryan), Le, T. (Toan), Wyrick, J. (John), Hess, S. (Shelley), Brennan, M.L. (Michael L.), Probe, R. (Robert), Kile, E. (Evelyn), Mills, K. (Kelli), Clipper, L. (Lydia), Yu, M. (Michelle), Erwin, K. (Katie), Horwitz, D. (Daniel), Strohecker, K. (Kent), Swenson, T.K. (Teresa K.), Schmidt, A.H. (Andrew H.), Westberg, J.R. (Jerald R.), Aurang, K. (Kamran), Zohman, G. (Gary), Peterson, B. (Brett), Huff, R.B. (Roger B.), Baele, J. (Joseph), Weber, T. (Timothy), Edison, M. (Matt), McBeth, J.C. (Jessica Cooper), Shively, K. (Karl), Ertl, J.P. (Janos P.), Mullis, B. (Brian), Parr, J.A. (J. Andrew), Worman, R. (Ripley), Frizzell, V. (Valda), Moore, M.M. (Molly M.), DePaolo, C.J. (Charles J.), Alosky, R. (Rachel), Shell, L.E. (Leslie E.), Hampton, L. (Lynne), Shepard, S. (Stephanie), Nanney, T. (Tracy), Cuento, C. (Claudine), Cantu, R.V. (Robert V.), Henderson, E.R. (Eric R.), Eickhoff, L.S. (Linda S.), Hammerberg, E.M. (E. Mark), Stahel, P. (Philip), Hak, D. (David), Mauffrey, C. (Cyril), Henderson, C. (Corey), Gissel, H. (Hannah), Gibula, D. (Douglas), Zamorano, D.P. (David P.), Tynan, M.C. (Martin C.), Pourmand, D. (Deeba), Lawson, D. (Deanna), Crist, B.D. (Brett D.), Murtha, Y.M. (Yvonne M.), Anderson, L.K. (Linda K.), Linehan, C. (Colleen), Pilling, L. (Lindsey), Lewis, C.G. (Courtland G.), Caminiti, S. (Stephanie), Sullivan, R.J. (Raymond J.), Roper, E. (Elizabeth), Obremskey, W. (William), Kregor, P. (Philip), Richards, J.E. (Justin E.), Stringfellow, K. (Kenya), Dohm, M.P. (Michael P.), Zellar, A. (Abby), Segers, M.J.M. (Michiel), Zijl, J.A.C. (Jacco A.C.), Verhoeven, B. (Bart), Smits, A.B. (Anke B.), De Vries, J.P.P.M. (Jean Paul P.M.), Fioole, B. (Bram), Van Der Hoeven, H. (Henk), Theunissen, E.B.M. (Evert B.M.), De Vries Reilingh, T.S. (Tammo S.), Govaert, L. (Lonneke), Wittich, P. (Philippe), De Brauw, M. (Maurits), Wille, J.C. (Jan), Go, P.M.N.Y.M. (Peter M.N.Y.M.), Ritchie, E.D. (Ewan D.), Wessel, R.N. (Ronald N.), Hammacher, E.R. (Eric), Visser, G.A. (Gijs A.), Stockmann, H. (Heyn), Silvis, R. (Rob), Snellen, J.P. (Jaap P.), Rijbroek, B. (Bram), Scheepers, J.J. (Joris J.), Vermeulen, E.G.J. (Erik G.J.), Siroen, M.P.C. (Michiel P.C.), Vuylsteke, R. (Ronald), Brom, H.L.F., Rijna, H., Rijcke, P.A.R. (Piet), Koppert, C.L. (Cees L.), Buijk, S.E. (Steven E.), Groenendijk, R.P.R. (Richard), Dawson, I. (Imro), Tetteroo, G.W.M. (Geert), Bruijninckx, M.M.M. (Milko), Doornebosch, P. (Pascal), Graaf, E.J.R. (Eelco) de, Elst, M. (Maarten) van der, Pol, C. (Carmen) van der, Riet, M. (Martijne) van 't, Karsten, T.M. (Thomas), Vries, M.R. (Mark) de, Stassen, L.P.S. (Laurents P.S.), Schep, N.W.L. (Niels), Ben Schmidt, G. (G.), Hoffman, W.H. (W. H.), Poolman, R.W. (Rudolf), Simons, M.P., Heijden, F.H.W.M. (Frank) van der, Willems, W.J. (Jaap), De Meulemeester, F.R.A.J. (Frank R.A.J.), Hart, C.P. (Cor P.) van der, Turckan, K. (Kahn), Festen, S. (Sebastiaan), Nies, F. (Frank) de, Out, N.J.M. (Nico J.M.), Bosma, J. (Jan), Kampen, A. (A.) van, Biert, J. (Jan), Van Vugt, A.B. (Arie B.), Edwards, M.J.R. (Michael J.R.), Blokhuis, T.J. (Taco J.), Frölke, J.P.M. (Jan Paul), Geeraedts, L.M.G. (Leo M.G.), Gardeniers, J.W.M. (Jean W.M.), Tan, E.C.T.H. (Edward C.T.H.), Poelhekke, L.M.S.J., De Waal Malefijt, M.C. (Maarten C.), Schreurs, B. (Bart), Roukema, G.R. (Gert), Josaputra, H.A. (Hong A.), Keller, P. (Paul), De Rooij, P.D. (Peter D.), Kuiken, H. (Hans), Boxma, H. (Han), Cleffken, B.I. (Berry), Liem, R. (Ronald), Rhemrev, S. (Steven), Bosman, C.H.R. (Coks H.R.), De Mol Van Otterloo, A. (Alexander), Hoogendoorn, J. (Jochem), Vries, A.C. (Alexander) de, Meylaerts, S.A.G. (Sven), Verhofstad, M.H.J. (Michiel), Meijer, J. (Joost), Van Egmond, T. (Teun), Van Der Brand, I. (Igor), Patka, P. (Peter), Eversdijk, M.G. (Martin), Peters, R. (Rolf), Hartog, D. (Dennis) den, Waes, O.J.F. (Oscar) van, Oprel, P.P. (Pim), Vis, H.M. (Harm) van der, Campo, M. (Martin), Verhagen, R. (Ronald), Albers, G.H.R. (G.H. Robert), Zurcher, A.W. (Arthur W.), Simmermacher, R.K.J., Van Mulken, J. (Jeroen), Wessem, K.J.P. van, Van Gaalen, S.M. (Steven M.), Leenen, L.P.H., Bronkhorst, M.W.G.A. (Maarten), Guicherit, O.R. (Onno R.), Goslings, J.C. (Carel), Ponsen, K.J. (Kees-jan), Bhatia, M. (Mahesh), Arora, V. (Vinod), Tyagi, V. (Vivek), Bedi, H. (Harvinder), Carr, A. (Ashley), Curry, H. (Hamish), Chia, A. (Andrew), Csongvay, S. (Steve), Donohue, C. (Craig), Doig, S. (Stephen), Edwards, E. (Elton), Etherington, G. (Greg), Esser, M. (Max), Gong, A. (Andrew), Jain, A. (Arvind), Li, D. (Doug), Miller, R. (Russell), Moaveni, A. (Ash), Russ, M. (Matthias), Ton, L. (Lu), Wang, O. (Otis), Dowrick, A. (Adam), Murdoch, Z. (Zoe), Sage, C. (Claire), Frihagen, F. (Frede), Clarke-Jenssen, J. (John), Hjorthaug, G. (Geir), Ianssen, T. (Torben), Amundsen, A. (Asgeir), Brattgjerd, J.E. (Jan Egil), Borch, T. (Tor), Bøe, B. (Berthe), Flatøy, B. (Bernhard), Hasselund, S. (Sondre), Haug, K.J. (Knut Jørgen), Hemlock, K. (Kim), Hoseth, T.M. (Tor Magne), Jomaas, G. (Geir), Kibsgård, T. (Thomas), Lona, T. (Tarjei), Moatshe, G. (Gilbert), Müller, O. (Oliver), Molund, M. (Marius), Nicolaisen, T. (Tor), Nilsen, F. (Fredrik), Rydinge, J. (Jonas), Smedsrud, M. (Morten), Stødle, A. (Are), Trommer, A. (Axel), Ugland, S. (Stein), Karlsten, A. (Anders), Ekås, G. (Guri), Vesterhus, E.B. (Elise Berg), Brekke, A.C. (Anne Christine), Gupta, A. (Ajay), Jain, N. (Neeraj), Khan, F. (Farah), Sharma, A. (Ateet), Sanghavi, A. (Amir), Trivedi, M. (Mittal), Rai, A. (Anil), Subash, (), Rai, K. (Kamal), Yadav, V. (Vineet), Singh, S. (Sanjay), Tetsworth, K. (Kevin), Donald, G. (Geoff), Weinrauch, P. (Patrick), Pincus, P. (Paul), Yang, S. (Steven), Halliday, B. (Brett), Gervais, T. (Trevor), Holt, M. (Michael), Flynn, A. (Annette), Prasad, A.S. (Amal Shankar), Mishra, V. (Vimlesh), Sundaresh, D.C. (D. C.), Khanna, A. (Angshuman), Cherian, J.J. (Joe Joseph), Olakkengil, D.J. (Davy J), Sharma, G. (Gaurav), Pirpiris, M. (Marinis), Love, D. (David), Bucknill, A. (Andrew), Farrugia, R.J. (Richard J), Pape, H.-C. (Hans-Christoph), Knobe, M. (Matthias), Pfeifer, R. (Roman), Hull, P. (Peter), Lewis, S. (Sophie), Evans, S. (Simone), Nanda, R. (Rajesh), Logishetty, R. (Rajanikanth), Anand, S. (Sanjeev), Bowler, C. (Carol), Dadi, A. (Akhil), Palla, N. (Naveen), Ganguly, U. (Utsav), Rai, B.S. (B. Sachidananda), Rajakumar, J. (Janakiraman), Jennings, A. (Andrew), Chuter, G. (Graham), Rose, G. (Glynis), Horner, G. (Gillian), Clark, C. (Callum), Eke, K. (Kate), Reed, M.R. (Mike), Inman, D. (Dominic), Herriott, C. (Chris), and Dobb, C. (Christine)

Abstract

Background: Femoral neck fractures are associated with high rates of revision surgery after management with internal fixation. Using data from the Fixation using Alternative Implants for the Treatment of Hip fractures (FAITH) trial evaluating methods of internal fixation in patients with femoral neck fractures, we investigated associations between baseline and surgical factors and the need for revision surgery to promote healing, relieve pain, treat infection or improve function over 24 months postsurgery. Additionally, we investigated factors associated with (1) hardware removal and (2) implant exchange from cancellous screws (CS) or sliding hip screw (SHS) to total hip arthroplasty, hemiarthroplasty, or another internal fixation device. Methods: We identified 15 potential factors a priori that may be associated with revision surgery, 7 with hardware removal, and 14 with implant exchange. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazards analyses in our investigation. Results: Factors associated with increased risk of revision surgery included: female sex, [hazard ratio (HR) 1.79, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.25-2.50; P = 0.001], higher body mass index (for

Published
2018
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120. Observations and Orbits of Comets

Author

Kulichenko, N., Pomazan, A. V., Maigurova, N. V., Bodryagin, D. V., Bacci, P., Maestripieri, M., Tesi, L., Fagioli, G., Bonomi, R., Facchini, M., Coffano, A., Marinello, W., Micheli, M., Pizzetti, G., Soffiantini, A., Cernis, K., Haver, R., Gorelli, R., Piazzolla, L. M., Jaeger, M., Prosperi, E., Prosperi, S., Vollmann, W., Wiebe, Y., Kaiser, G., Puccini, S., Buriev, A. M., Ibrohimov, A. A., Safarov, A. G., Ayubov, D. K., Asoev, H. G., Foglia, S., Galli, G., Naves, R., Campas, M., Hasubick, W., Scotti, J. V., Altieri, B., Bouy, H., Verdoes-Kleijn, G., Carry, B., Kadota, K., Abe, H., Seki, T., Sato, H., Rodríguez, D., Ionescu, D., Christie, G. W., Natusch, T., Gilmore, A. C., Kilmartin, P. M., Meech, K. J., Kleyna, J., Woodworth, D., Kashuba, V., Troianskyi, V., Kashuba, S., Baransky, A., Tochonyy, V., Gunko, N., Pogrebtsov, N., Radomskiy, V., Ruban, E., Pavluk, Y., Kurginian, E., Ershov, D., Zadorozhny, O., Kasyanchuk, A., Bakaieva, O., Shevchuk, D., Bondar, D., Pais, T., Smolynec, V., Balam, D. D., Tubbiolo, A. F., Leonard, G. J., Matheny, R. G., Kowalski, R. A., Fuls, D. C., Johnson, J. A., Christensen, E. J., Gibbs, A. R., Grauer, A. D., Larson, S. M., Seaman, R. L., Shelly, F. C., Moritz, N., Childs, W., Ikari, Y., Masi, G., Schwartz, M., Holvorcem, P., Dupouy, P., de Vanssay, J. B., James, N., Soulier, J.-F., Aymami, J. M., Camarasa, J., Linder, J., Montoro, L., Bosch, J. M., Bryssinck, E., Diepvens, A., Shurpakov, S., Gao, X. Liao X., Liao, X., Lindner, P., Dangl, G., Mainzer, A. K., Bauer, J. M., Grav, T., Masiero, J. R., Dailey, J. W., Cutri, R. M., Wright, E. L., Nugent, C., Sonnett, S., Kramer, E., Gaitan, J., Tremosa, L., Zhao, H. B., Li, B., Zhaori, G., Hong, R. Q., Hu, L. F., Lu, H., Tan, H. J., Ohshima, Y., Barona Felgosa, L., Belli, L., Bilhaj, M., Bosse, M., Schmidt, M., Breitenstein, P., Mccormick, J., Carstens, R., Drummond, J., Bulger, J., Goggia, T., Lowe, T., Schultz, A., Willman, M., Chambers, K., Chastel, S., Denneau, L., Flewelling, H., Huber, M., Lilly, E., Magnier, E., Wainscoat, R., Waters, C., Weryk, R., Pei, W., Hambsch, F.-J., Hambsch, J., Lutkenhoner, B., Paul, N., Gasparovic, G., Chen, Y., Cox, P., Betzler, A. S., Sherrod, P. C., Sherrod, L. P., Bell, C., Peterson, H., Chapman, A., Sparrenberger, M., Gonzalez, J., Hills, K., Benavides, R., Carson, P., Morales, M., Gerhard, C., Fichtl, R., Haeusler, B., Ditz, P., Hudin, L., Sugawara, K., Nohara, H., Buzzi, L., Concari, P., Cremaschini, C., Tombelli, M., Tilley, S. M., van Buitenen, G., Dymock, R., Camilleri, P., Williams, H., Heinze, A., Weiland, H., Stalder, B., Tonry, J., Sherstyuk, A., Rowe, B., Wilde, D., Flynn, R. L., Allen, L., Trilling, D., James, D., Herrera, D., Fuentes, C., Rajagopal, J., Axelrod, T., Valdes, F., Lipunov, V., Podesta, R., Gorbovskoy, E., Tiurina, N., Balanutsa, P., Kuznetsov, A., Kornilov, V., Chazov, V., Lopez, C., Podesta, F., Levato, H., Saffe, C., Maury, A., Vanssay, J. B., Noël, T., Sandness, B., Maur, A., Jacques, C., Pimentel, E., Barros, J., Acosta, A., Sofia, A., Silvia, A., Jackson, F., Limon, F., Farf, R., Wells, G., Bamberger, D., Williams, G. V., and Pomies, Marie-Paule

Subjects
[SDU.ASTR.IM] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]
Abstract

Available from the Minor Planet Center.

Published
2017

121. How to handle 6GBytes a night and not get swamped

Author

Allsman, R, Alcock, C, Axelrod, T, Bennett, D, Cook, K, Park, H.-S, Griest, K, Marshall, S, Perlmutter, S, and Stubbs, C

Subjects
Astronomy
Abstract

The Macho Project has undertaken a 5 year effort to search for dark matter in the halo of the Galaxy by scanning the Magellanic Clouds for micro-lensing events. Each evening's raw image data will be reduced in real-time into the observed stars' photometric measurements. The actual search for micro-lensing events will be a post-processing operation. The theoretical prediction of the rate of such events necessitates the collection of a large number of repeated exposures. The project designed camera subsystem delivers 64 Mbytes per exposure with exposures typically occurring every 500 seconds. An ideal evening's observing will provide 6 Gbytes of raw image data and 40 Mbytes of reduced photometric measurements. Recognizing the difficulty of digging out from a snowballing cascade of raw data, the project requires the real-time reduction of each evening's data. The software team's implementation strategy centered on this non-negotiable mandate. Accepting the reality that 2 full time people needed to implement the core real-time control and data management system within 6 months, off-the-shelf vendor components were explored to provide quick solutions to the classic needs for file management, data management, and process control. Where vendor solutions were lacking, state-of-the-art models were used for hand tailored subsystems. In particular, petri nets manage process control, memory mapped bulletin boards provide interprocess communication between the multi-tasked processes, and C++ class libraries provide memory mapped, disk resident databases. The differences between the implementation strategy and the final implementation reality are presented. The necessity of validating vendor product claims are explored. Both the successful and hindsight decisions enabling the collection and processing of the nightly data barrage are reviewed.

Published
1992

122. An analog retina model for detecting dim moving objects against a bright moving background

Author

Searfus, R. M, Colvin, M. E, Eeckman, F. H, Teeters, J. L, and Axelrod, T. S

Subjects
Computer Programming And Software
Abstract

We are interested in applications that require the ability to track a dim target against a bright, moving background. Since the target signal will be less than or comparable to the variations in the background signal intensity, sophisticated techniques must be employed to detect the target. We present an analog retina model that adapts to the motion of the background in order to enhance targets that have a velocity difference with respect to the background. Computer simulation results and our preliminary concept of an analog 'Z' focal plane implementation are also presented.

Published
1991

123. Fracture fixation in the operative management of hip fractures (FAITH): an international, multicentre, randomised controlled trial

Author

Nauth, A. (Aaron), Creek, A.T. (Aaron T.), Zellar, A. (Abby), Lawendy, A.-R. (Abdel-Rahman), Dowrick, A. (Adam), Gupta, A. (Ajay), Dadi, A. (Akhil), Kampen, A. (A.) van, Yee, A. (Albert), Vries, A.C. (Alexander) de, de Mol van Otterloo, A. (Alexander), Garibaldi, A. (Alisha), Liew, A. (Allen), McIntyre, A.W. (Allison W.), Prasad, A.S. (Amal Shankar), Romero, A.W. (Amanda W.), Rangan, A. (Amar), Oatt, A. (Amber), Sanghavi, A. (Amir), Foley, A.L. (Amy L.), Karlsten, A. (Anders), Dolenc, A. (Andrea), Bucknill, A. (Andrew), Chia, A. (Andrew), Evans, A. (Andrew), Gong, A. (Andrew), Schmidt, A.H. (Andrew H.), Marcantonio, A.J. (Andrew J.), Jennings, A. (Andrew), Ward, A. (Angela), Khanna, A. (Angshuman), Rai, A. (Anil), Smits, A.B. (Anke B.), Horan, A.D. (Annamarie D.), Brekke, A.C. (Anne Christine), Flynn, A. (Annette), Duraikannan, A. (Aravin), Stødle, A. (Are), van Vugt, A.B. (Arie B.), Luther, A. (Arlene), Zurcher, A.W. (Arthur W.), Jain, A. (Arvind), Amundsen, A. (Asgeir), Moaveni, A. (Ash), Carr, A. (Ashley), Sharma, A. (Ateet), Hill, A.D. (Austin D.), Trommer, A. (Axel), Rai, B.S. (B. Sachidananda), Hileman, B. (Barbara), Schreurs, B. (Bart), Verhoeven, B. (Bart), Barden, B.B. (Benjamin B.), Flatøy, B. (Bernhard), Cleffken, B.I. (Berry), Bøe, B. (Berthe), Perey, B. (Bertrand), Hanusch, B.C. (Birgit C.), Weening, B. (Brad), Fioole, B. (Bram), Rijbroek, B. (Bram), Crist, B.D. (Brett D.), Halliday, B. (Brett), Peterson, B. (Brett), Mullis, B. (Brian), Richardson, C.G. (C. Glen), Clark, C. (Callum), Sagebien, C.A. (Carlos A.), Pol, C. (Carmen) van der, Bowler, C. (Carol), Humphrey, C.A. (Catherine A.), Coady, C. (Catherine), Koppert, C.L. (Cees L.), Coles, C. (Chad), Tannoury, C. (Chadi), DePaolo, C.J. (Charles J.), Gayton, C. (Chris), Herriott, C. (Chris), Reeves, C. (Christina), Tieszer, C. (Christina), Dobb, C. (Christine), Anderson, C.G. (Christopher G.), Sage, C. (Claire), Cuento, C. (Claudine), Jones, C.B. (Clifford B.), Bosman, C.H.R. (Coks H.R.), Linehan, C. (Colleen), Hart, C.P. (Cor P.) van der, Henderson, C. (Corey), Lewis, C.G. (Courtland G.), Davis, C.A. (Craig A.), Donohue, C. (Craig), Mauffrey, C. (Cyril), Sundaresh, D.C. (D. C.), Farrell, D.J. (Dana J.), Whelan, D.B. (Daniel B.), Horwitz, D. (Daniel), Stinner, D. (Daniel), Viskontas, D. (Darius), Roffey, D.M. (Darren M.), Alexander, D. (David), Karges, D.E. (David E.), Hak, D. (David), Johnston, D. (David), Love, D. (David), Wright, D.M. (David M.), Zamorano, D.P. (David P.), Goetz, D.R. (David R.), Sanders, D. (David), Stephen, D. (David), Yen, D. (David), Bardana, D. (Davide), Olakkengil, D.J. (Davy J), Lawson, D. (Deanna), Maddock, D. (Deborah), Sietsema, D.L. (Debra L.), Pourmand, D. (Deeba), Hartog, D. (Dennis) den, Donegan, D. (Derek), Heels-Ansdell, D. (Diane), Nam, D. (Diane), Inman, D. (Dominic), Boyer, D. (Dory), Li, D. (Doug), Gibula, D. (Douglas), Price, D.M. (Dustin M.), Watson, D.J. (Dylan J.), Hammerberg, E.M. (E. Mark), Tan, E.T.C.H. (Edward T.C.H.), Graaf, E.J.R. (Eelco) de, Vesterhus, E.B. (Elise Berg), Roper, E. (Elizabeth), Edwards, E. (Elton), Schemitsch, E.H. (Emil), Hammacher, E.R. (Eric), Henderson, E.R. (Eric R.), Whatley, E. (Erica), Torres, E.T. (Erick T.), Vermeulen, E.G.J. (Erik G.J.), Finn, E. (Erin), Lieshout, E.M.M. (Esther) van, Wai, E.K. (Eugene K.), Bannister, E.R. (Evan R.), Kile, E. (Evelyn), Theunissen, E.B.M. (Evert B.M.), Ritchie, E.D. (Ewan D.), Khan, F. (Farah), Moola, F. (Farhad), Howells, F. (Fiona), Nies, F. (Frank) de, Heijden, F.H.W.M. (Frank) van der, de Meulemeester, F.R.A.J. (Frank R.A.J.), Frihagen, F. (Frede), Nilsen, F. (Fredrik), Schmidt, G.B. (G. Ben), Albers, G.H.R. (G.H. Robert), Gudger, G.K. (Garland K.), Johnson, G. (Garth), Gruen, G. (Gary), Zohman, G. (Gary), Sharma, G. (Gaurav), Wood, G. (Gavin), Tetteroo, G.W.M. (Geert), Hjorthaug, G. (Geir), Jomaas, G. (Geir), Donald, G. (Geoff), Rieser, G.R. (Geoffrey Ryan), Reardon, G. (Gerald), Slobogean, G.P. (Gerard P.), Roukema, G.R. (Gert), Visser, G.A. (Gijs A.), Moatshe, G. (Gilbert), Horner, G. (Gillian), Rose, G. (Glynis), Guyatt, G. (Gordon), Chuter, G. (Graham), Etherington, G. (Greg), Rocca, G.J.D. (Gregory J. Della), Ekås, G. (Guri), Dobbin, G. (Gwendolyn), Lemke, H.M. (H. Michael), Curry, H. (Hamish), Boxma, H. (Han), Gissel, H. (Hannah), Kreder, H. (Hans), Kuiken, H. (Hans), Brom, H.L.F., Pape, H.-C. (Hans-Christoph), Vis, H.M. (Harm) van der, Bedi, H. (Harvinder), Vallier, H.A. (Heather A.), Brien, H. (Heather), Silva, H. (Heather), Newman, H. (Heike), Viveiros, H. (Helena), van der Hoeven, H. (Henk), Ahn, H. (Henry), Johal, H. (Herman), Rijna, H., Stockmann, H. (Heyn), Josaputra, H.A. (Hong A.), Carlisle, H. (Hope), van der Brand, I. (Igor), Dawson, I. (Imro), Tarkin, I. (Ivan), Wong, I. (Ivan), Parr, J.A. (J. Andrew), Trenholm, J.A. (J. Andrew), Goslings, J.C. (Carel), Amirault, J.D. (J. David), Broderick, J.S. (J. Scott), Snellen, J.P. (Jaap P.), Zijl, J.A.C. (Jacco A.C.), Ahn, J. (Jaimo), Ficke, J. (James), Irrgang, J. (James), Powell, J. (James), Ringler, J.R. (James R.), Shaer, J. (James), Monica, J.T. (James T.), Biert, J. (Jan), Bosma, J. (Jan), Brattgjerd, J.E. (Jan Egil), Frölke, J.P.M. (Jan Paul), Wille, J.C. (Jan), Rajakumar, J. (Janakiraman), Walker, J.E. (Jane E.), Baker, J.K. (Janell K.), Ertl, J.P. (Janos P.), de Vries, J.P.P.M. (Jean Paul P.M.), Gardeniers, J.W.M. (Jean W.M.), May, J. (Jedediah), Yach, J. (Jeff), Hidy, J.T. (Jennifer T.), Westberg, J.R. (Jerald R.), Hall, J.A. (Jeremy A.), van Mulken, J. (Jeroen), McBeth, J.C. (Jessica Cooper), Hoogendoorn, J. (Jochem), Hoffman, J.M. (Jodi M.), Cherian, J.J. (Joe Joseph), Tanksley, J.A. (John A.), Clarke-Jenssen, J. (John), Adams, J.D. (John D.), Esterhai, J. (John), Tilzey, J.F. (John F.), Murnaghan, J. (John), Ketz, J.P. (John P.), Garfi, J.S. (John S.), Schwappach, J. (John), Gorczyca, J.T. (John T.), Wyrick, J. (John), Rydinge, J. (Jonas), Foret, J.L. (Jonathan L.), Gross, J.M. (Jonathan M.), Keeve, J.P. (Jonathan P.), Meijer, J. (Joost), Scheepers, J.J. (Joris J.), Baele, J. (Joseph), O'Neil, J. (Joseph), Cass, J.R. (Joseph R.), Hsu, J.R. (Joseph R.), Dumais, J. (Jules), Lee, J. (Julia), Switzer, J.A. (Julie A.), Agel, J. (Julie), Richards, J.E. (Justin E.), Langan, J.W. (Justin W.), Turckan, K. (Kahn), Pecorella, K. (Kaili), Rai, K. (Kamal), Aurang, K. (Kamran), Shively, K. (Karl), Wessem, K.J.P. van, Moon, K. (Karyn), Eke, K. (Kate), Erwin, K. (Katie), Milner, K. (Katrine), Ponsen, K.J. (Kees-jan), Mills, K. (Kelli), Apostle, K. (Kelly), Johnston, K. (Kelly), Trask, K. (Kelly), Strohecker, K. (Kent), Stringfellow, K. (Kenya), Kruse, K.K. (Kevin K.), Tetsworth, K. (Kevin), Mitchell, K. (Khalis), Browner, K. (Kieran), Hemlock, K. (Kim), Carcary, K. (Kimberly), Jørgen Haug, K. (Knut), Noble, K. (Krista), Robbins, K. (Kristin), Payton, K. (Krystal), Jeray, K.J. (Kyle J.), Rubino, L.J. (L. Joseph), Nastoff, L.A. (Lauren A.), Leffler, L.C. (Lauren C.), Stassen, L.P. (Laurents), O'Malley, L.K. (Lawrence K.), Specht, L.M. (Lawrence M.), Thabane, L. (Lehana), Geeraedts, L.M.G. (Leo M.G.), Shell, L.E. (Leslie E.), Anderson, L.K. (Linda K.), Eickhoff, L.S. (Linda S.), Lyle, L. (Lindsey), Pilling, L. (Lindsey), Buckingham, L. (Lisa), Cannada, L.K. (Lisa K.), Wild, L.M. (Lisa M.), Dulaney-Cripe, L. (Liz), Poelhekke, L.M.S.J., Govaert, L. (Lonneke), Ton, L. (Lu), Kottam, L. (Lucksy), Leenen, L.P.H. (Luke), Clipper, L. (Lydia), Jackson, L.T. (Lyle T.), Hampton, L. (Lynne), de Waal Malefijt, M.C. (Maarten C.), Simons, M.P., Elst, M. (Maarten) van der, Bronkhorst, M.W.G.A. (Maarten), Bhatia, M. (Mahesh), Swiontkowski, M.F. (Marc ), Lobo, M.J. (Margaret J.), Swinton, M. (Marilyn), Pirpiris, M. (Marinis), Molund, M. (Marius), Gichuru, M. (Mark), Glazebrook, M. (Mark), Harrison, M. (Mark), Jenkins, M. (Mark), MacLeod, M. (Mark), Vries, M.R. (Mark) de, Butler, M.S. (Mark S.), Nousiainen, M. (Markku), van ‘t Riet, M. (Martijne), Tynan, M.C. (Martin C.), Campo, M. (Martin), Eversdijk, M.G. (Martin), Heetveld, M.J. (Martin), Richardson, M. (Martin), Breslin, M. (Mary), Fan, M. (Mary), Edison, M. (Matt), Napierala, M. (Matthew), Knobe, M. (Matthias), Russ, M. (Matthias), Zomar, M. (Mauri), de Brauw, M. (Maurits), Esser, M. (Max), Hurley, M. (Meghan), Peters, M.E. (Melissa E.), Lorenzo, M. (Melissa), Li, M. (Mengnai), Archdeacon, M. (Michael), Biddulph, M. (Michael), Charlton, M. (Michael), McDonald, M.D. (Michael D.), McKee, M.D. (Michael D.), Dunbar, M. (Michael), Torchia, M.E. (Michael E.), Gross, M. (Michael), Hewitt, M. (Michael), Holt, M. (Michael), Prayson, M.J. (Michael J.), Edwards, M.J.R. (Michael), Beckish, M.L. (Michael L.), Brennan, M.L. (Michael L.), Dohm, M.P. (Michael P.), Kain, M.S.H. (Michael S.H.), Vogt, M. (Michelle), Yu, M. (Michelle), Verhofstad, M.H.J. (Michiel), Segers, M.J.M. (Michiel J.M.), Segers, M.J.M. (Michiel), Siroen, M.P.C. (Michiel P.C.), Reed, M.R. (Mike), Vicente, M.R. (Milena R.), Bruijninckx, M.M.M. (Milko), Trivedi, M. (Mittal), Bhandari, M. (Mohit), Moore, M.M. (Molly M.), Kunz, M. (Monica), Smedsrud, M. (Morten), Palla, N. (Naveen), Jain, N. (Neeraj), Out, N.J.M. (Nico J.M.), Simunovic, N. (Nicole), Schep, N.W.L. (Niels), Müller, O. (Oliver), Guicherit, O.R. (Onno R.), Waes, O.J.F. (Oscar) van, Wang, O. (Otis), Doornebosch, P. (Pascal), Seuffert, P. (Patricia), Hesketh, P.J. (Patrick J.), Weinrauch, P. (Patrick), Duffy, P. (Paul), Keller, P. (Paul), Lafferty, P.M. (Paul M.), Pincus, P. (Paul), Tornetta III, P. (Paul), Zalzal, P. (Paul), McKay, P. (Paula), Cole, P.A. (Peter A.), de Rooij, P.D. (Peter D.), Hull, P. (Peter), Go, P.M.N.Y.M. (Peter M.N.Y.M.), Patka, P. (Peter), Siska, P. (Peter), Weingarten, P. (Peter), Kregor, P. (Philip), Stahel, P. (Philip), Stull, P. (Philip), Wittich, P. (Philippe), Rijcke, P.A.R. (Piet), Oprel, P.P. (Pim), Devereaux, P.J. (P. J.), Zhou, Q. (Qi), Lee Murphy, R. (R.), Alosky, R. (Rachel), Clarkson, R. (Rachel), Moon, R. (Raely), Logishetty, R. (Rajanikanth), Nanda, R. (Rajesh), Sullivan, R.J. (Raymond J.), Snider, R.G. (Rebecca G.), Buckley, R.E. (Richard E.), Iorio, R. (Richard), Farrugia, R.J. (Richard J), Jenkinson, R. (Richard), Laughlin, R. (Richard), Groenendijk, R.P.R. (Richard), Gurich, R.W. (Richard W.), Worman, R. (Ripley), Silvis, R. (Rob), Haverlag, R. (Robert), Teasdall, R.J. (Robert J.), Korley, R. (Robert), McCormack, R. (Robert), Probe, R. (Robert), Cantu, R.V. (Robert V.), Huff, R.B. (Roger B.), Simmermacher, R.K.J., Peters, R. (Rolf), Pfeifer, R. (Roman), Liem, R. (Ronald), Wessel, R.N. (Ronald N.), Verhagen, R. (Ronald), Vuylsteke, R. (Ronald), Leighton, R. (Ross), McKercher, R. (Ross), Poolman, R.W. (Rudolf), Miller, R. (Russell), Bicknell, R. (Ryan), Finnan, R. (Ryan), Khan, R.M. (Ryan M.), Mehta, S. (Samir), Vang, S. (Sandy), Singh, S. (Sanjay), Anand, S. (Sanjeev), Anderson, S.A. (Sarah A.), Dawson, S.A. (Sarah A.), Marston, S.B. (Scott B.), Porter, S.E. (Scott E.), Watson, S.T. (Scott T.), Festen, S. (Sebastiaan), Lieberman, S. (Shane), Puloski, S. (Shannon), Bielby, S.A. (Shea A.), Sprague, S. (Sheila), Hess, S. (Shelley), MacDonald, S. (Shelley), Evans, S. (Simone), Bzovsky, S. (Sofia), Hasselund, S. (Sondre), Lewis, S. (Sophie), Ugland, S. (Stein), Caminiti, S. (Stephanie), Tanner, S.L. (Stephanie L.), Zielinski, S.M. (Stephanie), Shepard, S. (Stephanie), Sems, S.A. (Stephen A.), Walter, S.D. (Stephen D.), Doig, S. (Stephen), Finley, S.H. (Stephen H.), Kates, S. (Stephen), Lindenbaum, S. (Stephen), Kingwell, S.P. (Stephen P.), Csongvay, S. (Steve), Papp, S. (Steve), Buijk, S.E. (Steven E.), Rhemrev, S. (Steven), Hollenbeck, S.M. (Steven M.), van Gaalen, S.M. (Steven M.), Yang, S. (Steven), Weinerman, S. (Stuart), Subash, (), Lambert, S. (Sue), Liew, S. (Susan), Meylaerts, S.A.G. (Sven), Blokhuis, T.J. (Taco J.), de Vries Reilingh, T.S. (Tammo S.), Lona, T. (Tarjei), Scott, T. (Taryn), Swenson, T.K. (Teresa K.), Endres, T.J. (Terrence J.), Axelrod, T. (Terry), van Egmond, T. (Teun), Pace, T.B. (Thomas B.), Kibsgård, T. (Thomas), Schaller, T.M. (Thomas M.), Ly, T.V. (Thuan V.), Miller, T.J. (Timothy J.), Weber, T. (Timothy), Le, T. (Toan), Oliver, T.M. (Todd M.), Karsten, T.M. (Thomas), Borch, T. (Tor), Hoseth, T.M. (Tor Magne), Nicolaisen, T. (Tor), Ianssen, T. (Torben), Rutherford, T. (Tori), Nanney, T. (Tracy), Gervais, T. (Trevor), Stone, T. (Trevor), Schrickel, T. (Tyson), Scrabeck, T. (Tyson), Ganguly, U. (Utsav), Naumetz, V. (V.), Frizzell, V. (Valda), Wadey, V. (Veronica), Jones, V. (Vicki), Avram, V. (Victoria), Mishra, V. (Vimlesh), Yadav, V. (Vineet), Arora, V. (Vinod), Tyagi, V. (Vivek), Borsella, V. (Vivian), Willems, W.J. (Jaap), Hoffman, W.H. (W. H.), Gofton, W.T. (Wade T.), Lackey, W.G. (Wesley G.), Ghent, W. (Wesley), Obremskey, W. (William), Oxner, W. (William), Cross, W.W. (William W.), Murtha, Y.M. (Yvonne M.), Murdoch, Z. (Zoe), Nauth, A. (Aaron), Creek, A.T. (Aaron T.), Zellar, A. (Abby), Lawendy, A.-R. (Abdel-Rahman), Dowrick, A. 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(Naveen), Jain, N. (Neeraj), Out, N.J.M. (Nico J.M.), Simunovic, N. (Nicole), Schep, N.W.L. (Niels), Müller, O. (Oliver), Guicherit, O.R. (Onno R.), Waes, O.J.F. (Oscar) van, Wang, O. (Otis), Doornebosch, P. (Pascal), Seuffert, P. (Patricia), Hesketh, P.J. (Patrick J.), Weinrauch, P. (Patrick), Duffy, P. (Paul), Keller, P. (Paul), Lafferty, P.M. (Paul M.), Pincus, P. (Paul), Tornetta III, P. (Paul), Zalzal, P. (Paul), McKay, P. (Paula), Cole, P.A. (Peter A.), de Rooij, P.D. (Peter D.), Hull, P. (Peter), Go, P.M.N.Y.M. (Peter M.N.Y.M.), Patka, P. (Peter), Siska, P. (Peter), Weingarten, P. (Peter), Kregor, P. (Philip), Stahel, P. (Philip), Stull, P. (Philip), Wittich, P. (Philippe), Rijcke, P.A.R. (Piet), Oprel, P.P. (Pim), Devereaux, P.J. (P. J.), Zhou, Q. (Qi), Lee Murphy, R. (R.), Alosky, R. (Rachel), Clarkson, R. (Rachel), Moon, R. (Raely), Logishetty, R. (Rajanikanth), Nanda, R. (Rajesh), Sullivan, R.J. (Raymond J.), Snider, R.G. (Rebecca G.), Buckley, R.E. (Richard E.), Iorio, R. 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(Shelley), MacDonald, S. (Shelley), Evans, S. (Simone), Bzovsky, S. (Sofia), Hasselund, S. (Sondre), Lewis, S. (Sophie), Ugland, S. (Stein), Caminiti, S. (Stephanie), Tanner, S.L. (Stephanie L.), Zielinski, S.M. (Stephanie), Shepard, S. (Stephanie), Sems, S.A. (Stephen A.), Walter, S.D. (Stephen D.), Doig, S. (Stephen), Finley, S.H. (Stephen H.), Kates, S. (Stephen), Lindenbaum, S. (Stephen), Kingwell, S.P. (Stephen P.), Csongvay, S. (Steve), Papp, S. (Steve), Buijk, S.E. (Steven E.), Rhemrev, S. (Steven), Hollenbeck, S.M. (Steven M.), van Gaalen, S.M. (Steven M.), Yang, S. (Steven), Weinerman, S. (Stuart), Subash, (), Lambert, S. (Sue), Liew, S. (Susan), Meylaerts, S.A.G. (Sven), Blokhuis, T.J. (Taco J.), de Vries Reilingh, T.S. (Tammo S.), Lona, T. (Tarjei), Scott, T. (Taryn), Swenson, T.K. (Teresa K.), Endres, T.J. (Terrence J.), Axelrod, T. (Terry), van Egmond, T. (Teun), Pace, T.B. (Thomas B.), Kibsgård, T. (Thomas), Schaller, T.M. (Thomas M.), Ly, T.V. (Thuan V.), Miller, T.J. (Timothy J.), Weber, T. (Timothy), Le, T. (Toan), Oliver, T.M. (Todd M.), Karsten, T.M. (Thomas), Borch, T. (Tor), Hoseth, T.M. (Tor Magne), Nicolaisen, T. (Tor), Ianssen, T. (Torben), Rutherford, T. (Tori), Nanney, T. (Tracy), Gervais, T. (Trevor), Stone, T. (Trevor), Schrickel, T. (Tyson), Scrabeck, T. (Tyson), Ganguly, U. (Utsav), Naumetz, V. (V.), Frizzell, V. (Valda), Wadey, V. (Veronica), Jones, V. (Vicki), Avram, V. (Victoria), Mishra, V. (Vimlesh), Yadav, V. (Vineet), Arora, V. (Vinod), Tyagi, V. (Vivek), Borsella, V. (Vivian), Willems, W.J. (Jaap), Hoffman, W.H. (W. H.), Gofton, W.T. (Wade T.), Lackey, W.G. (Wesley G.), Ghent, W. (Wesley), Obremskey, W. (William), Oxner, W. (William), Cross, W.W. (William W.), Murtha, Y.M. (Yvonne M.), and Murdoch, Z. (Zoe)

Abstract

Background Reoperation rates are high after surgery for hip fractures. We investigated the effect of a sliding hip screw versus cancellous screws on the risk of reoperation and other key outcomes. Methods For this international, multicentre, allocation concealed randomised controlled trial, we enrolled patients aged 50 years or older with a low-energy hip fracture requiring fracture fixation from 81 clinical centres in eight countries. Patients were assigned by minimisation with a centralised computer system to receive a single large-diameter screw with a side-plate (sliding hip screw) or the present standard of care, multiple small-diameter cancellous screws. Surgeons and patients were not blinded but the data analyst, while doing the analyses, remained blinded to treatment groups. The primary outcome was hip reoperation within 24 months after initial surgery to promote fracture healing, relieve pain, treat infection, or improve function. Analyses followed the intention-to-treat principle. This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00761813. Findings Between Marc

Published
2017
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124. MACHO project 9 million star color-magnitude diagram of the large magellanic cloud

Author

Alcock, C, primary, Allsman, R A, additional, Alves, D R, additional, Axelrod, T S, additional, Basu, A, additional, Becker, A C, additional, Bennett, D P, additional, Cook, K H, additional, Drake, A J, additional, Freeman, K C, additional, Geha, M, additional, Griest, K, additional, King, L, additional, Lehner, M J, additional, Marshall, S L, additional, Minniti, D, additional, Nelson, C, additional, Peterson, B A, additional, Popowski, P, additional, Pratt, M R, additional, Quinn, P J, additional, Stubbs, C W, additional, Sutherland, W, additional, Tomaney, A B, additional, Vandehei, T, additional, and Welch, D L, additional

Published
2000
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125. Radial velocity monitoring of possible close red giant binary systems

Author

Wood, Peter R., Axelrod, T. S., and Doug Welch

Subjects
Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

MACHO observations show that approximately 25% of semi-regular red variables in the LMC have a secondary period similar to10 times longer than the primary period of pulsation, which is usually the first overtone pulsation mode in these stars. Wood et al. (1999) have suggested that the long secondary periods (LSPs) may be due to the presence of a binary companion and associated dust cloud whose orbital period matches that of the LSP. In this poster, preliminary results of an investigation aimed at detecting the radial velocity variations associated with the proposed orbital motions are reported. There is tentative evidence that the red giants with LSPs do show velocity variations consistent with the presence of a companion and that a trailing, accreted dust cloud occupies approximately one quarter of the orbital plane.

Published
2016

126. RR Lyrae stars in the MACHO database

Author

Minniti, D., primary, Alcock, C, additional, Alves, D., additional, Axelrod, T., additional, Bennett, D., additional, Cook, K., additional, Marshall, S., additional, and Pratt, M., additional

Published
1996
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132. LSST Data Products: Enabling LSST Science

Author

Juric, Mario, Kantor, J., Axelrod, T. S., Dubois-Felsmann, G. P., Becla, J., Lim, K-T, and Lupton, R.

Subjects
LSST, Astronomy
Abstract

The Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST; http://lsst.org) is a planned, large-aperture, wide-field, ground-based telescope that will survey half the sky every few nights in six optical bands from 320 to 1050 nm. It will explore a wide range of astrophysical questions, from studies of the Solar System, to examining the nature of dark energy. LSST is an integrated survey system. The observatory, telescope, camera and data management systems will be built to conduct the LSST survey and will not support 'PI mode' in the classical sense. Instead, the ultimate, science-enabling, deliverable of LSST will be the fully reduced data. This poster presents the baseline design and contents of LSST data products. There will be three main categories. "Level 1" data products will be generated continuously every observing night and include measurements such as alerts to objects that have changed brightness or position. They will be broadcast world-wide using VO protocols. "Level 2" data products will be made available as annual Data Releases and will include images and measurements of quantities such as positions, fluxes, and shapes, as well as variability information such as orbital parameters for moving objects and an appropriate compact description of light curves. The exact contents of Level 2 products will be set by the desire to minimize the necessity to independently reprocess the image data. Finally, approximately 10% of LSST's computing capability will be made available to the community for generation of "Level 3" data products. These will be used to perform custom analyses not fully enabled by Level 1/2, while taking advantage of co-location of computation with the entire LSST data set.

Published
2013
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133. Delivering SKA Science

Author

Quinn, Peter, primary, Axelrod, T, additional, Bird, I, additional, Dodson, R, additional, Szalay, A, additional, and Wicenec, A, additional

Published
2015
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134. The Taos Project:upper bounds on the population of small kuiper belt objects and tests of models of formation and evolution of the outer solar system

Author

Bianco, F. B., Zhang, Z.-W., Lehner, M. J., Mondal, S., King, S.-K., Giammarco, J., Holman, M. J., Coehlo, N. K., Wang, J.-H., Alcock, C., Axelrod, T., Byun, Y.-I., Chen, W. P., Cook, K. H., Dave, R., de-Pater, I., Kim, D.-W., Lee, T., Lin, H.-C., Lissauer, J. J., Marshall, S. L., Protopapas, P., Rice, J. A., Schwamb, M. E., Wang, S.-Y., and Wen, C.-Y.

Abstract

We have analyzed the first 3.75 years of data from the Taiwanese American Occultation Survey (TAOS). TAOS monitors bright stars to search for occultations by Kuiper Belt objects (KBOs). This data set comprises 5 × 10^5 star hours of multi-telescope photometric data taken at 4 or 5 Hz. No events consistent with KBO occultations were found in this data set. We compute the number of events expected for the Kuiper Belt formation and evolution models of Pan & Sari, Kenyon & Bromley, Benavidez & Campo Bagatin, and Fraser. A comparison with the upper limits we derive from our data constrains the parameter space of these models. This is the first detailed comparison of models of the KBO size distribution with data from an occultation survey. Our results suggest that the KBO population is composed of objects with low internal strength and that planetary migration played a role in the shaping of the size distribution.

Published
2010

136. The search for massive compact halo objects

Author

Alcock, C., primary, Axelrod, T. S., additional, Bennett, D. P., additional, Cook, K. H., additional, Park, H. -S., additional, Griest, K., additional, Perlmutter, S., additional, Stubbs, C. W., additional, Freeman, K. C., additional, Peterson, B. A., additional, Quinn, P. J., additional, and Rodgers, A. W., additional

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137. Optical variability of the LMC supersoft source RX J0513.9-6951

Author

Southwell, K. A., primary, Livio, M., additional, Charles, P. A., additional, Sutherland, W., additional, Alcock, C., additional, Allsman, R. A., additional, Alves, D., additional, Axelrod, T. S., additional, Bennett, D. P., additional, Cook, K. H., additional, Freeman, K. C., additional, Griest, K., additional, Guern, J., additional, Lehner, M. J., additional, Marshall, S. L., additional, Peterson, B. A., additional, Pratt, M. R., additional, Quinn, P. J., additional, Rodgers, A. W., additional, Stubbs, C. W., additional, and Welch, D. L., additional

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138. THE TAIWANESE-AMERICAN OCCULTATION SURVEY PROJECT STELLAR VARIABILITY. III. DETECTION OF 58 NEW VARIABLE STARS

Author

Ishioka, R., primary, Wang, S.-Y., additional, Zhang, Z.-W., additional, Lehner, M. J., additional, Alcock, C., additional, Axelrod, T., additional, Bianco, F. B., additional, Byun, Y.-I., additional, Chen, W. P., additional, Cook, K. H., additional, Kim, D.-W., additional, King, S.-K., additional, Lee, T., additional, Marshall, S. L., additional, Protopapas, P., additional, Rice, J. A., additional, Schwamb, M. E., additional, Wang, J.-H., additional, Wen, C.-Y., additional, and Ngeow, C.-C., additional

Published
2014
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139. Recent Microlensing Results from the MACHO Project

Author

Popowski, Piotr, Nelson, C. A., Bennett, D. P., Drake, A. J., Vandehei, T., Griest, K., Cook, K. H., Alcock, C., Allsman, R. A., Alves, D. R., Axelrod, T. S., Becker, A. C., Freeman, K. C., Geha, M., Lehner, M. J., Marshall, S. L., Minniti, D., Peterson, B. A., Quinn, P. J., Christopher Stubbs, Sutherland, W., and Welch, D.

Subjects
Astrophysics (astro-ph), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics
Abstract

We describe a few recent microlensing results from the MACHO Collaboration. The aim of the MACHO Project was the identification and quantitative description of dark and luminous matter in the Milky Way using microlensing toward the Magellanic Clouds and Galactic bulge. We start with a discussion of the HST follow-up observations of the microlensing events toward the LMC detected in the first 5 years of the experiment. Using color-magnitude diagrams we attempt to distinguish between two possible locations of the microlensing sources: 1) in the LMC or 2) behind the LMC. We conclude that unless the extinction is extremely patchy, it is very unlikely that most of the LMC events have sources behind the LMC. During an examination of the HST images of the 13 LMC events we found a very red object next to the source star of event LMC-5. Astrometry, microlensing parallax fit, and a spectrum suggest that in this case we directly image the lens - a low-mass disk star. Then we focus on the majority of events observed by the MACHO Project, which are detected toward the Galactic bulge. We argue that the microlensing optical depth toward the bulge is best measured using events that have clump giant sources, which are almost unaffected by blending. From this sample we derive a low optical depth toward the Galactic bulge of (1.4 +/- 0.3) x 10^{-6}, in good agreement with other observational constraints and with theoretical models. The presence of many long-duration events among the bulge candidates allows us to investigate the microlensing parallax effect. Events with the strongest parallax signal are probably due to massive remnants. Events MACHO-96-BLG-5 and MACHO-98-BLG-6 might have been caused by the 6-solar-mass black holes., Comment: 25 pages, Invited Review, to appear in "Gravitational Lensing: A Unique Tool For Cosmology", Aussois 2003, eds. D. Valls-Gabaud & J.-P. Kneib

Published
2003
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141. Transboundary atmospheric lead pollution

Author

Erel, Y. Axelrod, T. Veron, A. Mahrer, Y. Katsafados, P. Dayan, U.

Abstract

A high-temporal resolution collection technique was applied to refine aerosol sampling in Jerusalem, Israel. Using stable lead isotopes, lead concentrations, synoptic data, and atmospheric modeling, we demonstrate that lead detected in the atmosphere of Jerusalem is not only anthropogenic lead of local origin but also lead emitted in other countries. Fifty-seven percent of the collected samples contained a nontrivial fraction of foreign atmospheric lead and had 206Pb/207Pb values which deviated from the local petrol-lead value (206Pb/207Pb = 1.113) by more than two standard deviations (0.016). Foreign 206Pb/207Pb values were recorded in Jerusalem on several occasions. The synoptic conditions on these dates and reported values of the isotopic composition of lead emitted in various countries around Israel suggest that the foreign lead was transported to Jerusalem from Egypt, Turkey, and East Europe. The average concentration of foreign atmospheric lead in Jerusalem was 23 ± 17 ng/m3, similar to the average concentration of local atmospheric lead, 21 ± 18 ng/m3. Hence, the load of foreign atmospheric lead is similar to the load of local atmospheric lead in Jerusalem.

Published
2002

142. Rapid Cadence Collections with the Space Surveillance Telescope

Author

NAVAL OBSERVATORY FLAGSTAFF AZ, Monet, D, Axelrod, T, Claver, C, Blake, T, Lupton, R, Pearce, E, Shah, R, Woods, D, NAVAL OBSERVATORY FLAGSTAFF AZ, Monet, D, Axelrod, T, Claver, C, Blake, T, Lupton, R, Pearce, E, Shah, R, and Woods, D

Abstract

The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) has constructed the 3.5-meter Space Surveillance Telescope (SST) on North Oscura Peak in the White Sands Missile Range. The primary goal of the SST program is the monitoring of the Earth?s geosynchronous belt for microsatellites and debris. At the end of DARPA?s demonstration period, the SST will undergo an Air Force Space Command utilization study. The DARPA press release announcing the existence of SST included the words ?SST may also provide the science community a unique asset for astronomical surveys?. This paper presents the preliminary results from rapid cadence science collections (1-sec integrations every 2.5-sec) of a 9.5 square degree area centered near the open cluster M67., Presented at the Annual Advanced Maui Optical and Space Surveillance (AMOS) Technologies Conference (13th) held in Maui, Hawaii on 11-14 September 2012. The original document contains color images.

Published
2012

143. Large Synoptic Survey Telescope: From Science Drivers to Reference Design

Author

WASHINGTON UNIV SEATTLE DEPT OF ASTRONOMY, Ivezic, Z., Axelrod, T., Brandt, W. N., Burke, D. L., Claver, C. F., Connolly, A., Cook, K. H., Gee, P., Gillmore, D. K., Jacoby, S. H., Jones, R. L., Kahn, S. M., Kantor, J. P., Krabbendam, V., Lupton, R. H., Monet, D. G., Pinto, P. A., Saha, A., Schalk, T. L., Schneider, D. P., WASHINGTON UNIV SEATTLE DEPT OF ASTRONOMY, Ivezic, Z., Axelrod, T., Brandt, W. N., Burke, D. L., Claver, C. F., Connolly, A., Cook, K. H., Gee, P., Gillmore, D. K., Jacoby, S. H., Jones, R. L., Kahn, S. M., Kantor, J. P., Krabbendam, V., Lupton, R. H., Monet, D. G., Pinto, P. A., Saha, A., Schalk, T. L., and Schneider, D. P.

Abstract

In the history of astronomy, major advances have come from dramatic improvements in our ability to accurately measure astronomical quantities. Aided by rapid progress in information technology, current sky surveys are changing the way we view and study the Universe. We focus here on the most ambitious survey currently planned in the visible band, the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST). LSST will have unique survey capability in the faint time domain. The LSST design is driven by four main science themes: constraining dark energy and dark matter, taking an inventory of the Solar System, exploring the transient optical sky, and mapping the Milky Way. It will be a large, wide-field ground-based system designed to obtain multiple images covering the sky that is visible from Cerro Pachon in Northern Chile. The current baseline design, with an 8.4 m (6.5 m effective) primary mirror, a 9.6 deg. field of view, and a 3,200 Megapixel camera, will allow about 10,000 square degrees of sky to be covered using pairs of 15-second exposures in two photometric bands every three nights on average. The system is designed to yield high image quality, as well as superb astrometric and photometric accuracy. The survey area will include 30,000 deg, and will be imaged multiple times in six bands, ugrizy, covering the wavelength range 320-1050 nm. About 90% of the observing time will be devoted to a deep-wide-fast survey mode which will observe a 20,000 deg. region about 1000 times in the six bands during the anticipated 10 years of operation. These data will result in databases including 10 billion galaxies and a similar number of stars, and will serve the majority of science programs. The remaining 10% of the observing time will be allocated to special programs such as Very Deep and Very Fast time domain surveys. We describe how the LSST science drivers led to these choices of system parameters., Sponsored in part by U.S. Department of Energy Grant no. DE-AC52-07NA27344. Prepared in collaboration with LSST Corporation, Tucson, AZ; The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA; Stanford University, Stanford, CA; National Optical Astronomy Observatory, Tucson, AZ; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA; University of California, Davis, CA; Princeton University, Princeton, NJ; U.S. Naval Observatory Flagstaff Station, Flagstaff, AZ; The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA; Harvard University, Cambridge, MA; The John Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; and University of Illinois, Urbana, IL. Published in Serbian Astronomical Journal, v176, p1-13, 2008.

Published
2008

144. ALL-WEATHER CALIBRATION OF WIDE-FIELD OPTICAL AND NIR SURVEYS

Author

Burke, David L., primary, Saha, Abhijit, additional, Claver, Jenna, additional, Axelrod, T., additional, Claver, Chuck, additional, DePoy, Darren, additional, Ivezić, Željko, additional, Jones, Lynne, additional, Smith, R. Chris, additional, and Stubbs, Christopher W., additional

Published
2013
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145. THE TAOS PROJECT: RESULTS FROM SEVEN YEARS OF SURVEY DATA

Author

Zhang, Z.-W., primary, Lehner, M. J., additional, Wang, J.-H., additional, Wen, C.-Y., additional, Wang, S.-Y., additional, King, S.-K., additional, Granados, Á. P., additional, Alcock, C., additional, Axelrod, T., additional, Bianco, F. B., additional, Byun, Y.-I., additional, Chen, W. P., additional, Coehlo, N. K., additional, Cook, K. H., additional, de Pater, I., additional, Kim, D.-W., additional, Lee, T., additional, Lissauer, J. J., additional, Marshall, S. L., additional, Protopapas, P., additional, Rice, J. A., additional, and Schwamb, M. E., additional

Published
2013
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146. Microlensing Optical Depth towards the Galactic Bulge Using Clump Giants from the MACHO Survey

Author

Popowski, P., Griest, K., Thomas, C. L., Cook, K. H., Bennett, D. P., Becker, A. C., Alves, D. R., Minniti, D., Drake, A. J., Alcock, C., Allsman, R. A., Axelrod, T. S., Freeman, K. C., Geha, M., Lehner, M. J., Marshall, S. L., Nelson, C. A., Peterson, B. A., Quinn, P. J., Stubbs, C. W., Sutherland, W., Vandehei, T., Welch, D., Popowski, P., Griest, K., Thomas, C. L., Cook, K. H., Bennett, D. P., Becker, A. C., Alves, D. R., Minniti, D., Drake, A. J., Alcock, C., Allsman, R. A., Axelrod, T. S., Freeman, K. C., Geha, M., Lehner, M. J., Marshall, S. L., Nelson, C. A., Peterson, B. A., Quinn, P. J., Stubbs, C. W., Sutherland, W., Vandehei, T., and Welch, D.

Abstract

Using 7 years of MACHO survey data, we present a new determination of the optical depth to microlensing towards the Galactic bulge. We select the sample of 62 microlensing events (60 unique) on clump giant sources and perform a detailed efficiency analysis. We use only the clump giant sources because these are bright bulge stars and are not as strongly affected by blending as other events. Using a subsample of 42 clump events concentrated in just 4.5 square degrees, we find tau = 2.17^{+0.47}_{-0.38} x 10^{-6} at (l,b) = (1.50, -2.68), somewhat smaller than found in most previous MACHO studies, but in excellent agreement with recent theoretical predictions. We also present the optical depth in each of the 19 fields in which we detected events, and find limits on optical depth for fields with no events. The errors in optical depth in individual fields are dominated by Poisson noise. We measure optical depth gradients (1.06 +/- 0.71) x 10^{-6} deg^{-1} and (0.29 +/- 0.43) x 10^{-6} deg^{-1} in the galactic latitude b and longitude l directions, respectively. Finally, we discuss the possibility of anomalous duration distribution of events in the field 104 centered on (l,b) = (3.11, -3.01) as well as investigate spatial clustering of events in all fields., Comment: 42 pages, 15 figures (6 of them in color), 12 tables; results unchanged, discussion of blending strengthened including addition of new appendix; to be published in ApJ, Vol. 630, Sept. 10, 2005 issue

Published
2004
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147. Galactic Bulge Microlensing Events from the MACHO Collaboration

Author

Thomas, C. L., Griest, K., Popowski, P., Cook, K. H., Drake, A. J., Minniti, D., Alcock, C., Allsman, R. A., Alves, D. R., Axelrod, T. S., Becker, A. C., Bennett, D. P., Freeman, K. C., Geha, M., Lehner, M. J., Marshall, S. L., Myer, D. G., Nelson, C. A., Peterson, B. A., Quinn, P. J., Stubbs, C. W., Sutherland, W., Vandehei, T., Welch, D. L., Thomas, C. L., Griest, K., Popowski, P., Cook, K. H., Drake, A. J., Minniti, D., Alcock, C., Allsman, R. A., Alves, D. R., Axelrod, T. S., Becker, A. C., Bennett, D. P., Freeman, K. C., Geha, M., Lehner, M. J., Marshall, S. L., Myer, D. G., Nelson, C. A., Peterson, B. A., Quinn, P. J., Stubbs, C. W., Sutherland, W., Vandehei, T., and Welch, D. L.

Abstract

We present a catalog of 450 high signal-to-noise microlensing events observed by the MACHO collaboration between 1993 and 1999. The events are distributed throughout our fields and, as expected, they show clear concentration toward the Galactic center. No optical depth is given for this sample since no blending efficiency calculation has been performed, and we find evidence for substantial blending. In a companion paper we give optical depths for the sub-sample of events on clump giant source stars, where blending is not a significant effect. Several events with sources that may belong to the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy are identified. For these events even relatively low dispersion spectra could suffice to classify these events as either consistent with Sagittarius membership or as non-Sagittarius sources. Several unusual events, such as microlensing of periodic variable source stars, binary lens events, and an event showing extended source effects are identified. We also identify a number of contaminating background events as cataclysmic variable stars., Comment: 34 pages, 9 figures + 3 example lightcurves, all 564 lightcurves will be available at http://wwwmacho.mcmaster.ca, submitted to ApJ, see companion paper by Popowski et al

Published
2004
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148. The MACHO Project Large Magellanic Cloud Variable Star Inventory. XIII. Fourier Parameters for the First Overtone RR Lyrae Variables and the LMC Distance

Author

Alcock, C., Alves, D. R., Axelrod, T. S., Becker, A. C., Bennett, D. P., Clement, C. M., Cook, K. H., Drake, A. J., Freeman, K. C., Geha, M., Griest, K., Lehner, M. J., Marshall, S. L., Minniti, D., Muzzin, A., Nelson, C. A., Peterson, B. A., Popowski, P., Quinn, P. J., Rodgers, A. W., Rowe, J. F., Sutherland, W., Vandehei, T., Welch, D. L., Alcock, C., Alves, D. R., Axelrod, T. S., Becker, A. C., Bennett, D. P., Clement, C. M., Cook, K. H., Drake, A. J., Freeman, K. C., Geha, M., Griest, K., Lehner, M. J., Marshall, S. L., Minniti, D., Muzzin, A., Nelson, C. A., Peterson, B. A., Popowski, P., Quinn, P. J., Rodgers, A. W., Rowe, J. F., Sutherland, W., Vandehei, T., and Welch, D. L.

Abstract

Fourier coefficents have been derived for the $V$ and $R$ light curves of 785 overtone RR Lyrae variables in 16 MACHO fields near the bar of the LMC. The $\phi_{31}$ and $R_{21}$ coefficients have been compared with those of the first overtone RR Lyrae variables in the Galactic globular clusters NGC 6441, M107, M5, M3, M2, $\omega$ Centauri and M68. The results indicate that many of the LMC variables have properties similar to the ones in M2, M3, M5 and the Oosterhoff type I variables in $\omega$ Cen, but they are different from the Oosterhoff type II variables in $\omega$ Cen. Equations derived from hydrodynamic pulsation models have been used to calculate the luminosity and temperature for the 330 bona fide first-overtone variables. The results indicate that they have $\log L$ in the range 1.6 to $1.8\lsun$ and $\log T_{eff}$ between 3.85 and 3.87. Based on these temperatures, a mean color excess $E(V-R) =0.08$ mag, equivalent to $E(B-V)=0.14$ mag, has been estimated for these 330 stars. The 80 M5-like variables (selected according to their location in the $\phi_{31}-\log P$ plot) are used to determine a LMC distance. After correcting for the effects of extinction and crowding, a mean apparent magnitude $=18.99 \pm 0.02$ (statistical) $\pm 0.16$ (systematic) has been estimated for these 80 stars. Combining this with a mean absolute magnitude $M_V=0.56\pm 0.06$ for M5-like stars derived from Baade-Wesselink analyses, main sequence fitting, Fourier parameters and the trigonometric parallax of RR Lyrae, we derive an LMC distance modulus $\mu=18.43\pm 0.06$ (statistical) $\pm 0.16$ (systematic) mag. The large systematic error arises from the difficulties of correcting for interstellar extinction and for crowding., Comment: 51 pages, 17 figures, 12 tables, accepted to AJ

Published
2003
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149. Recent Microlensing Results from the MACHO Project

Author

Popowski, P., Nelson, C. A., Bennett, D. P., Drake, A. J., Vandehei, T., Griest, K., Cook, K. H., Alcock, C., Allsman, R. A., Alves, D. R., Axelrod, T. S., Becker, A. C., Freeman, K. C., Geha, M., Lehner, M. J., Marshall, S. L., Minniti, D., Peterson, B. A., Quinn, P. J., Stubbs, C. W., Sutherland, W., Welch, D., Popowski, P., Nelson, C. A., Bennett, D. P., Drake, A. J., Vandehei, T., Griest, K., Cook, K. H., Alcock, C., Allsman, R. A., Alves, D. R., Axelrod, T. S., Becker, A. C., Freeman, K. C., Geha, M., Lehner, M. J., Marshall, S. L., Minniti, D., Peterson, B. A., Quinn, P. J., Stubbs, C. W., Sutherland, W., and Welch, D.

Abstract

We describe a few recent microlensing results from the MACHO Collaboration. The aim of the MACHO Project was the identification and quantitative description of dark and luminous matter in the Milky Way using microlensing toward the Magellanic Clouds and Galactic bulge. We start with a discussion of the HST follow-up observations of the microlensing events toward the LMC detected in the first 5 years of the experiment. Using color-magnitude diagrams we attempt to distinguish between two possible locations of the microlensing sources: 1) in the LMC or 2) behind the LMC. We conclude that unless the extinction is extremely patchy, it is very unlikely that most of the LMC events have sources behind the LMC. During an examination of the HST images of the 13 LMC events we found a very red object next to the source star of event LMC-5. Astrometry, microlensing parallax fit, and a spectrum suggest that in this case we directly image the lens - a low-mass disk star. Then we focus on the majority of events observed by the MACHO Project, which are detected toward the Galactic bulge. We argue that the microlensing optical depth toward the bulge is best measured using events that have clump giant sources, which are almost unaffected by blending. From this sample we derive a low optical depth toward the Galactic bulge of (1.4 +/- 0.3) x 10^{-6}, in good agreement with other observational constraints and with theoretical models. The presence of many long-duration events among the bulge candidates allows us to investigate the microlensing parallax effect. Events with the strongest parallax signal are probably due to massive remnants. Events MACHO-96-BLG-5 and MACHO-98-BLG-6 might have been caused by the 6-solar-mass black holes., Comment: 25 pages, Invited Review, to appear in "Gravitational Lensing: A Unique Tool For Cosmology", Aussois 2003, eds. D. Valls-Gabaud & J.-P. Kneib

Published
2003

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