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140. Mycobacterium alvei sp. nov.

Author

Ausina, V., primary, Luquin, M., additional, Garcia Barcelo, M., additional, Laneelle, M. A., additional, Levy-Frebault, V., additional, Belda, F., additional, and Prats, G., additional

Published
1992
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144. Prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae and risk factors for sexually transmitted infections among immigrant female sex workers in Catalonia, Spain.

Author

Folch C, Esteve A, Sanclemente C, Martro E, Lugo R, Molinos S, Gonzalez V, Ausina V, Casabona J, Folch, Cinta, Esteve, Anna, Sanclemente, Cristina, Martró, Elisa, Lugo, Rossie, Molinos, Sonia, Gonzalez, Vicky, Ausina, Vicenç, and Casabona, Jordi

Published
2008
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146. Comparison of the Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-Sodium Hydroxide Specimen Processing Method with the C18-Carboxypropylbetaine Specimen Processing Method Using the MB/BacT Liquid Culture System.

Author

Manterola, J. M., Thornton, C. G., Padilla, E., Lonca, J., Corea, I., Martínez, E., and Ausina, V.

Subjects
MYCOBACTERIAL diseases, TUBERCULOSIS, LUNG diseases, SODIUM hydroxide, BACTERIAL diseases, COMMUNICABLE diseases
Abstract

The ability of physicians to diagnose tuberculosis is impacted by the use of smear and culture techniques combined with specimen processing methods. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of specimen processing on smear and culture sensitivity by comparing the specimen processing method that uses C18-carboxypropylbetaine with the method that combines sodium dodecyl sulfate and sodium hydroxide. A total of 1,201 specimens were entered into this study. Specimens were split approximately equally such that one-half of each specimen was processed with sodium dodecyl sulfate-sodium hydroxide, while the other half was processed with C18-carboxypropylbetaine. All sediments were subjected to acid-fast staining and then analyzed using the MB/BacT liquid culture system (bioMérieux, France) and solid media. The sensitivity of smear following processing with sodium dodecyl sulfate-sodium hydroxide and C18-carboxypropylbetaine was 61.2% and 58.6% (P>0.05), respectively, while the specificities were identical (99.7%). The sensitivity of culture was 84.2% and 96.1% (P<0.05), respectively. The time to detection in the MB/BacT liquid culture system was 13.2±5.6 and 15.0±8.8 days (P>0.05), respectively, and 20.0±7.6 and 15.7±8.9 days (P<0.05), respectively, on solid media. The contamination rates in the MB/BacT system were 0.8% and 8.7%, respectively, whereas the contamination rates on solid media were 2.6% and 4.3%, respectively. C18-carboxypropylbetaine specimen processing was less labor-intensive than sodium dodecyl sulfate-sodium hydroxide processing and improved the ability of laboratory staff to detect the presence of mycobacteria by culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2003
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147. Prospective Follow-up of Epstein-Barr Virus Load in Adult Kidney Transplant Recipients by Semiquantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction in Blood and Saliva Samples.

Author

Frías, C., Lauzurica, R., Bayés, B., and Ausina, V.

Subjects
POLYMERASE chain reaction, EPSTEIN-Barr virus diseases, BLOOD, SALIVA, DNA polymerases, LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE disorders, BLOOD donors, MONONUCLEOSIS
Abstract

The aim of the study presented here was to set up and standardize a semiquantitative polymerase chain reaction method for monitoring Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA levels in blood and saliva samples from transplant recipients and to determine the value of these levels as an early marker for the development of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders. EBV DNA load was prospectively measured in 53 adult kidney transplant recipients. Results were correlated with clinical features and degree of immunosuppression. Healthy blood donors and patients with infectious mononucleosis were used as controls. Levels higher than 500 EBV DNA copies/75,000 peripheral blood mononuclear cells were found in all patients with infectious mononucleosis and in all patients with post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder but in only 7.5% of transplant recipients without that complication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2001
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148. Rapid Detection of Several Mycobacterial Species Using a Polymerase Chain Reaction Reverse Hybridisation Assay.

Author

Padilla, E., Manterola, J., González, V., Lonca, J., Domínguez, J., Matas, L., Galí, N., and Ausina, V.

Subjects
POLYMERASE chain reaction, MYCOBACTERIAL diseases, DNA polymerases, SYMPTOMS, MICROBIOLOGY
Abstract

The ability of a polymerase-chain-reaction-based technique combined with a reverse hybridisation line-probe assay to detect and identify eight of the most clinically significant mycobacterial species directly from cultures in liquid medium was evaluated. The line-probe assay allows simultaneous identification of eight different mycobacterial species. Ninety-seven mycobacterial strains belonging to 22 different species were evaluated. All strains were previously inoculated into MB/BacT bottles (Organon Teknika, USA). The sensitivity and specificity of the test when applied on positive MB/BacT liquid cultures containing isolates from mycobacterial species included as specific probes on the line-probe assay strip was 100% and 100%, respectively. These results further support the potential clinical usefulness of this technique in the diagnosis of mycobacterial infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2001
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149. Evaluation of a Fluorescence Hybridisation Assay Using Peptide Nucleic Acid Probes for Identification and Differentiation of Tuberculous and Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria in Liquid Cultures.

Author

Padilla, E., Manterola, J. M., Rasmussen, O. F., Lonca, J., Domínguez, J., Matas, L., Hernández, A., and Ausina, V.

Subjects
IN situ hybridization, FLUORESCENCE, NUCLEIC acids, TUBERCULOSIS patients, MYCOBACTERIA, BIOLOGICAL assay
Abstract

The performance was evaluated of a fluorescence in situ hybridisation assay using peptide nucleic acid probes (Dako Probe MTB Culture Confirmation Test; Dako, Denmark) for identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) organisms and differentiation between tuberculous and non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) in material taken directly from Bactec 12B (Becton Dickinson, USA) and MB/BacT (Organon Teknika, USA) bottles. The test was applied to 129 smear-positive (Ziehl-Neelsen stain) clinical specimens, 48 previously identified clinical strains of mycobacteria (12 MTC and 36 NTM), and 51 reference strains (7 MTC and 44 NTM) which were all previously inoculated into Bactec 12B and MB/BacT bottles. The sensitivity and specificity of the assay for MTC-positive cultures was 87.6% and 100%, respectively, for Bactec 12B, and 100%, respectively, for MB/BacT. The sensitivity and specificity of the assay for NTM-positive cultures was 100% for both media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2000
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150. Prospective Study of Community-Acquired Pneumonia of Bacterial Etiology in Adults.

Author

Sopena, N., Sabrià, M., Pedro-Botet, M. L., Manterola, J. M., Matas, L., Domínguez, J., Modol, J. M., Tudela, P., Ausina, V., and Foz, M.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to prospectively analyze the bacterial etiology of community-acquired pneumonia in adults in Spain. From May 1994 to February 1996, 392 episodes of CAP diagnosed in the emergency department of a 600-bed university hospital were studied. An etiological diagnosis based on noninvasive microbiological investigations was achieved in 228 cases (58%); 173 of these diagnoses were definitive and 55 probable. Streptococcus pneumoniae, which caused 23.9% of the episodes, was the predominant pathogen observed, followed by Chlamydia pneumoniae (13.5%) and Legionella pneumophila (12.5%). Other less frequent pathogens found were Haemophilus influenzae (2.3%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1.5%), Mycoplasma pneumoniae (1.3%), Coxiella burnetii (1%), Moraxella catarrhalis (2 cases), Nocardia spp. (2 cases), and Staphylococcus aureus (2 cases). Streptococcus pneumoniae was significantly more frequent in patients with underlying disease and/or age ≥60 years (28% vs 13%, P=0.002), while Legionella pneumophila was more frequent in patients below 60 years of age and without underlying disease (20% vs 9%, P=0.006). Likewise, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Legionella pneumophila were the most frequent etiologies in patients requiring admission to the intensive care unit, occurring in 29% and 26.3% of the patients, respectively. In addition to Streptococcus pneumoniae, other microorganisms such as Chlamydia pneumoniae and Legionella spp. should be seriously considered in adults with community-acquired pneumonia when initiating empiric treatment or ordering rapid diagnostic tests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1999
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