Search

El árbol de la quina, cascarilla (Cinchona officinalis L.), es considerado una de las plantas medicinales de más importancia en el mundo, teniendo un gran valor medicinal, comercial y ecológico, sin embargo, durante muchos años se viene viendo amenazada. En el presente trabajo se evaluó el porcentaje del poder germinativo de la quina (Cinchona officinalis L.) en tres tipos de sustratos: turba, fibra de coco y compost; con 200 repeticiones por tratamiento en el invernadero de la Universidad Nacional del Altiplano de Puno para adecuar las condiciones del hábitat originario de la especie, durante los meses de diciembre-enero. Se aplicó 1000 semillas por suelo y se aplicó por riego de chorro fino y se cubrirán las unidades durante dos meses para conservar la humedad. El estudio tiene un enfoque cualitativo, experimental, con diseño al AZAR, y los métodos de investigación fueron el hipotético-deductivo y descriptivo. Se utilizó el programa R-project, para realizar la prueba de Kruskal-Wallis, y Correlación de los datos. En el análisis determinamos que en los sustratos tipo turba y fibra de coco no existe diferencia significativa (Turba = 38.01; Coco = 42.15), en ambos se presentó mayor cantidad de germinaciones mientras que el sustrato (Compost = 2.26) presenta una menor cantidad de germinaciones.

RESUMEN Evaluar el efecto de los tres fertilizantes (cuy, porcino y vacuno) del crecimiento (cm) en el trasplante de plántulas de Lilaeopsis macloviana. (2) Evaluar el efecto que presentaron los tres tipos de fertilizantes (cuy, porcino y vacuno) del número de hojas en el trasplante de plántulas de Lilaeopsis macloviana. Se trasplantaron 45 plántulas de Lilaeopsis macloviana en 9 lavadores, todos contenían un sustrato de tierra arcillosa (2kg), 3 lavadores con fertilizante de cuy (1kg), 3 lavadores con fertilizante de porcino (1kg) y 3 lavadores con fertilizante de vacuno (1kg), las cuales fueron trasladados al invernadero de investigación de la Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas de la Universidad Nacional del Altiplano-Puno. Para este estudio se utilizó un diseño completamente al azar de 3 tratamientos con 3 repeticiones cada uno. Se evaluaron las variables crecimiento de hojas (cm) y el número de hojas. Los datos se evaluaron mediante el programa R Project versión (4.0.4.) y INFOESTAT. La evaluación demostró que, si hubo diferencias significativas de las cuales, el fertilizante de porcino tuvo mejores resultados en el crecimiento y el número de hojas en el trasplante de plántulas de Lilaeopsis macloviana a diferencia de los tratamientos de cuy y vacuno. Los tres fertilizantes (cuy, porcino y vacuno) tuvieron efectos positivos en todas las unidades experimentales. Se determinó que si hay un buen crecimiento de la longitud de las hojas y un buen número de hojas con el fertilizante de porcino.

Traducción del artículo originalmente publicado como Sorgner, S. L. (2017). Immortality as Utopia and the Relevance of Nihilism. En Y. Tuncel (ed), Nietzsche and transhumanism. Precursor or enemy? (pp. 248-261). Cambridge Scholars Publishing. Este texto ha sido Publicado con la autorización de Cambridge Scholars Publishing. Agradecemos a Stefan Lorenz Sorgner por autorizarnos a realizar la traducción de este texto.

Traducción del artículo publicado originalmente como Sorgner, S. L. (2011). Zarathustra 2.0 and Beyond: Further Remarks on the Complex Relationship between Nietzsche and Transhumanism. The Agonist, a Nietzsche Circle Journal, 4(2).

The objective of this work was to evaluate crops for their ability to phytoremediate diclosulam residues in the soil and produce lignocellulosic ethanol. Physiological characteristics, biomass production, soil cover rate, fermentable sugar production and lignocellulosic ethanol production potential of the crops were evaluated in soil with diclosulam residues. The experimental design was a randomized block with four replications. The treatments were arranged in a 4 × 2 factorial scheme with the following crops as the first factor:Phytoremediation of soils with herbicide residues is a viable tool and has been increasingly widespread throughout the world. The use of plant species capable of making the soil feasible for successive plantings sensitive to previously applied residual herbicides is a way to optimize agricultural production. However, there are few studies in which vegetable biomass used in the phytoremediation process is used. Thus, our study is innovative because it seeks to combine phytoremediation with the production of bioethanol, ensuring even more sustainable agriculture.

La resistencia de la Escuela Austríaca a los modelos matemáticos y a las representaciones gráficas ha supuesto un hándicap a la hora de difundir su pensamiento. La utilización de los modelos IS-LM y de OA-DA se han extendido en la universidades y escuelas de negocios, mientras que el pensamiento austriaco necesita un análisis separado y específico y en ocasiones demasiado intensivo en tiempo al carecer de un modelo simplificado. El modelo IS-LM y un modelo austriaco adaptado conceden un rango de oportunidades para explicar la teoría de del ciclo austriaco y analizar las diferencias de los austriacos con las demás escuelas de pensamiento. Palabras clave: Modelos Agregados Generales; Austriacos; Ciclos; Política Monetaria.

We present photometric light curves of the stellar occultation event of the star UCAC4 341-187633 on 2018 August 15 by the minor planet (134340) Pluto. Photometric observations were carried out using the 2.1-m telescope at the San Pedro Mártir Observatory and the 1.3-m telescopes at Sites 2 and 3 of the Trans-Neptunian Automated Occultation Survey (TAOS II) project, and using a portable 0.4-m telescope from Bahía Asunción, Baja California Sur, Mexico. Different filters were used with the 2.1-m telescope and the TAOS II telescopes, whilst observations with the portable system were performed with no filter. The resulting light curves from the San Pedro Mártir Observatory show clear structures, with at least two bright spikes observed on ingress and one more observed on egress as the star traverses the atmosphere of the dwarf planet. The light curve from the portable telescope (440 km away) measured a longer duration for the occultation event, because the shadow of Pluto was observed at a lower latitude. Normalized light curves were created for the 2.1-m telescope, the Site 3 telescope of the TAOS II and the portable telescope. These normalized light curves show a difference in amplitude.

A extensão universitária é uma importante ferramenta de ensino na área da saúde. O ambiente escolar, por sua vez, é essencial para o desenvolvimento do conhecimento compartilhado e para a integração com a comunidade. Nesse sentido, surgiu no ano de 2015 o Projeto de Extensão Promoção de Saúde nas Escolas, da Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana (UNILA - PR), que através do desenvolvimento de atividades lúdicas nas escolas municipais de Foz do Iguaçu – PR, busca levar promoção de saúde às crianças de 6 a 12 anos de idade. No entanto, o ano de 2020 foi marcado pela pandemia da COVID-19 e pelo distanciamento social, que impactou diretamente a realização de tais atividades. Como consequência, o projeto precisou passar por uma reformulação. Iniciou-se então a elaboração de contos falados que auxiliem os alunos a se tornarem agentes ativos na produção de sua própria saúde. Nesse sentido, apesar das dificuldades impostas pela pandemia, o objetivo inicial do projeto de levar promoção de saúde aos escolares foi alcançado.

Background Despite evidence that physical activity (PA) can help reduce recurrence and mortality, many breast cancer survivors are less active than recommended levels. The aim of this systematic review is to advance our understanding of which behaviour change techniques (BCTs) have been used in interventions promoting breast cancer survivors’ PA and to evaluate their potential to increase PA. Methods A systematic search was conducted in five databases (Medline; PsycInfo; Embase; CINAHL and Scopus) for studies published between 2005 and 2019. Following a rigorous screening process, 27 studies were retained. These were reviewed and analysed for quality, coded for BCTs (k = 0.65) and interventions categorised according to their potential to increase PA using an established methodology. Results The majority of studies were moderate quality (64%). Demonstration on how to perform the behaviour was the most commonly used BCT (n = 23). Adding objects to the environment, (pedometer or accelerometer) was the BCT with the highest potential to increase PA. This was followed by, goal setting and self-monitoring of behaviour. A theory-based approach to evaluation was used in only 59% (n = 16) of the studies. Conclusions The results of this review inform which BCTs have the potential to increase PA for breast cancer survivors and inform intervention development. Future research, is encouraged to properly report intervention procedures around dose and frequency of intervention components to allow for review and replication.

BackgroundThere is some evidence of inequitable psychosis care provision by ethnicity. We investigated variations in the receipt of CBTp and family intervention across ethnic groups in Early Intervention in Psychosis (EIP) teams throughout England, where national policy mandates offering these interventions to all.MethodsWe included data on 29,610 service users from the National Clinical Audit of Psychosis (NCAP), collected between 2018 and 2021. We conducted mixed effects logistic regression to examine odds ratios of receiving an intervention (CBTp, family intervention, or either intervention) across 17 ethnic groups while accounting for the effect of years and variance between teams and adjusting for individual- (age, gender, occupational status) and team-level covariates (care-coordinator caseload and mental health inequalities strategies).FindingsCompared with White British people, every minoritized ethnic group, except those of mixed Asian-White and mixed Black African-White ethnicities, had lower adjusted odds of receiving CBTp (aOR 0·39, 95%CI 0·32-0·47 to 0·80, 0·64-1·00). People of Black African (0·61, 0·53-0·69), Black Caribbean (0·67, 0·56-0·81), non-African/Caribbean Black (0·63, 0·51-0·79), non-British/Irish White (0·73, 0·64-0·84), and of “any other” (0·66, 0·54-0·81) ethnicity also experienced lower adjusted odds of receiving family intervention.InterpretationPervasive inequalities in receiving CBTp for first episode psychosis exist for almost all minoritized ethnic groups, and family intervention for many groups. Investigating how these inequalities arise should be a research priority, allowing co-produced development and testing of approaches to address them.FundingIndependent research commissioned and funded by the National Institute for Health Research Policy Research Programme.

BackgroundIn England, a range of mental health crisis care models and approaches to organising crisis care systems have been implemented, but characteristics associated with their effectiveness are poorly understood.AimsTo i) develop a typology of catchment area mental health crisis care systems and ii) investigate how crisis care service models and system characteristics relate to psychiatric hospital admissions and detentions.MethodsData about crisis systems were obtained from a 2019 English national survey. Latent class analyses were conducted to identify discernible typologies, and mixed effects negative binomial regression models were fitted to explore associations between crisis care models and admissions and detention rates, obtained from nationally-reported data.ResultsNo clear typology of catchment area crisis care systems emerged. Regression models suggested that provision of a crisis telephone service within the local crisis system was associated to a 11.6% lower admissions rate and a 15.3% lower detention rate. Provision of a crisis café was associated with a 7.8% lower rate of admissions. The provision of a crisis assessment team separate from the crisis resolution and home treatment service was associated with a 12.8% higher rate of admissions.ConclusionsThe configuration of crisis care systems varies considerably in England, but we could notderive a typology which convincingly categorised crisis care systems. Our results suggest that a crisis phone line and a crisis café may be associated with lower rates of admission, but crisis assessment teams, separate from home treatment teams, may not be associate to reductions in hospital admission and detentions.

We provide an effective version of Katz’ criterion for finiteness of the monodromy group of a lisse, pure of weight zero, ℓ-adic sheaf on a normal variety over a finite field, depending on the numerical complexity of the sheaf.

Background Current built health system reconfiguration evidence is insufficient to support policy decisions on the best settings for healthcare provision. As a result, the “built health system” (the buildings, physical environments, engineering infrastructure and the building standards, guidance and evidence that support them) remain misunderstood. We explore several literature review types that have supported built health system policy, and the methodological, interdisciplinary and theoretical challenges of conducting high-impacting systematised reviews. Then establish how they might provide a robust basis for prioritising the reconfiguration of significant capital investments. Methods/design Five literature reviews undertaken to inform built health system reconfiguration policy are used as an empirical basis to help establish clearer scientific grounds for built health system infrastructure policy. The methods, benefits and empirical limitations of systematic, scoping, narrative, realistic and rapid reviews are compared. Discussion The methodological, interdisciplinary and theoretical shortcomings of existing evidence on built health system reconfiguration need to be addressed. This paper conceptualises this evidence and offers a new evidence co-production framework.

Con esta comunicación pretendemos debatir sobre los principales retos y oportunidades que supone un proyecto de cooperación entre la Academia de las Ciencias y las Humanidades de Berlín (BBAW) y la Casa Humboldt de la Oficina del Historiador de la Ciudad de La Habana (OHCH); asimismo, presentaremos los primeros avances realizados en la digitalización y edición digital con métodos filológicos de un corpus de textos centrado en la recepción del pensamiento antiesclavista de Alexander von Humboldt y en la realidad colonial de la isla. El proyecto cuenta con un equipo internacional y multilingüe capacitado para incrementar el acceso a través de internet del patrimonio cultural cubano-alemán. Con tal fin, se ha adquirido equipamiento (ordenadores, escáneres de alta resolución, impresora, mobiliario, etc.) adecuado con el que se digitalizarán los documentos preservados en Cuba. Asimismo, se espera definir una metodología en común que asegure la sostenibilidad de los archivos de imágenes en formato estándar (TIFF), la identificación y descripción de los objetos digitales mediante metadatos, la obtención de texto completo de las obras impresas por medio de tecnologías OCR, la representación de la estructura de los textos con lenguaje de marcado TEI/XML y, finalmente, la publicación de ediciones académicas digitales en una plataforma abierta y multilingüe., ADHO - Digital Humanities Annual Conference (2020)

We elaborate an algorithm to optimally control the actuators of robot manipulators. By regarding the robot kinetic energy as a metric, the dynamic model is formulated using tensors in a Riemannian ...

Este trabajo describe la caracterización socioeconómica del bono demográfico de la zona urbana de la ciudad de Coronel Oviedo, año 2019. El abordaje del tema se debe a que el actual bono demográfico del país debe ser impulsado para generar crecimiento y desarrollo económico. El objetivo de la investigación fue analizar la característica socioeconómica del bono demográfico de la zona urbana de la ciudad de Coronel Oviedo en el año 2019. El propósito ha sido conseguido con base en una investigación de enfoque cuantitativo, tipo descriptivo y no experimental, para lo cual se aplicó una encuesta estructurada con preguntas cerradas y abiertas, a una población de 781 jóvenes con edades comprendidas entre 18 y 28 años, tomando como muestra a 270 (doscientos setenta) personas dentro de ese margen de edad de la población económica activa (PEA). El resultado de la investigación comprueba que el bono demográfico se encuentra presente, de los cuales un 57% son mujeres y un 43% hombres, con un 80% que está en un nivel de educación superior o terciaria, con una condición socioeconómica favorable, ya que el 68% indica estar empleado, de los que un 70% trabajan en el sector privado, lo que demuestra que tienen una condición socioeconómica estable. Esto es favorable para el crecimiento económico de la ciudad. Palabras clave: Crecimiento. Población. Socioeconómico. Demografía. ABSTRACT This paper describes the socioeconomic characterization of the demographic dividend of urban area of the city of Coronel Oviedo, year 2019. The approach to the topic is due to the fact that the current demographic dividend of the country must be boosted to generate growth and economic development. The objective of the research was, to analyze the socioeconomic characteristic of the demographic dividend of urban area of the city of Coronel Oviedo in the year 2019. The purpose has been achieved based on a quantitative approach research, descriptive and non-experimental type, for which a structured survey with closed and open questions was applied, with a population of 781 young people aged between 18 and 28 years, taking as a sample 270 (two hundred and seventy) people within that age range of the economically active population (EAP). The result of the investigation proves that the demographic dividend is present, of which 57% are women and 43% are men, with 80% of them in a higher or tertiary education level, with a favorable socioeconomic condition since 68% indicate to be employed, of which 70% work in the private sector, which shows that they have a stable socioeconomic condition, which favors the economic growth of the city. Keywords: Growth. Population. Socioeconomic. Demographic.

El virus SARS-COV2 ha provocado la pandemia de COVID-19 que azota al mundo; ante esta situación epidemiológica sectores del Derecho, dentro de ellos el Derecho civil, pueden prestar auxilio para apalear los problemas derivados de la partida de familiares a causa de esta enfermedad; donde la planificación patrimonial preventiva se erige como un pilar en la toma de decisiones anticipadas en pro de evitar los problemas patrimoniales. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la institución de la planificación patrimonial preventiva, en el contexto de la pandemia, como herramienta de control de problemas financieros-económicos y de Derecho civil. Para cumplir con este objetivo se desarrolló una investigación descriptiva de tipo revisión bibliográfica, sistematizada a través de los métodos revisión documental, exegético y comparativo, así como la técnica de análisis de contenido mediante los cuales se analizaron los principales cuerpos normativos civiles del Ecuador y los textos de la bibliografía especializada en el área del Derecho civil, así como de temas financieros. Se concluye que, la planificación patrimonial preventiva puede servir de manera anticipada como detección y erradicación de ciertos problemas sucesorios. La sociedad ecuatoriana carece de cultura en materia testamentaria y de planificación patrimonial preventiva.

Introducción: el síndrome de Percheron es causa de lesiones isquémicas talamicas bilaterales ocasionando una serie de anomalías clínicas como: alteración del estado de conciencia, oftalmoplejias, y alteraciones de la memoria. Caso clínico: presentamos el caso de una mujer de 49 años con diabetes mellitus, mal control metabólico, episodios hipoglucémicos e hiperglucemicos repetitivos, quien cursa con sintomatología inespecífica, se realizan estudios imagenológicos no invasivos documentado lesiones talamica bilaterales. Conclusiones: los cuadros subagudos e isquémicos parciales que involucran la región paramediana del Talamo bilateral podrían tener alguna relación con episodios hipoglucémicos e hiperglucemicos repetitivos, que pueden llegar a cursar con sintomatología leve e inespecífica, lo cual lo convierte un reto diagnóstico para este síndrome.

En México se carece de maíces eloteros seleccionados a partir de maíces criollos, por lo que se requieren estrategias de selección eficientes para mejorar los maíces nativos con características especiales. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar 16 poblaciones de maíz denominadas RC1F2 seleccionadas para calidad de elote a partir de un compuesto de maíz de la Raza Jala (C1SMJ). La siembra se hizo en el año 2013 en condiciones de secano, en cuatro localidades del estado de Nayarit, bajo un diseño en bloques completos al azar con tres repeticiones. La parcela útil fue de cuatro surcos de 5 m de largo y una distancia entre ellos de 0.80 m. Se midieron variables agronómicas y de calidad de elote. Las poblaciones mejoradas RC1F2 fueron tardías y de porte alto comparado con el híbrido elotero A-7573. En longitud de elote, el 25 % superó al A7573, mientras que en sólidos solubles un 69 % lo igualaron. En rendimiento de elote el 58 % de las poblaciones mejoradas superaron al A-7573 en promedio con 2.156 t ha-1, estos resultados evidencian la contribución genética de la variedad Jala (C1SMJ) y la efectividad del esquema de selección utilizado para el mejoramiento de estas características.Palabras clave: zea mays, retrocruzas, grados Brix y rendimiento de elote.

El cancer diferenciado de tiroides (CDT) muestra un reciente y rapido incremento en su incidencia. Generalmente esta asociado a un buen pronostico de supervivencia (SV), pero las estadisticas de nuestro pais sugieren que se asocia a mayor letalidad que la usualmente reportada en la literatura. Esto puede deberse a un pobre acceso a los servicios de salud, pero tambien a tratamientos incorrectos o incompletos. La Sociedad Mexicana de Oncologia (SMeO), mediante el Grupo de Investigacion en Cancer de Cabeza y Cuello (GICC), ha practicado una busqueda bibliografica y analisis critico de la literatura relevante publicada en la ultima decada, que se ha asociado a reuniones para consensar conceptos y elaborar la presente guia de manejo del nodulo tiroideo (NT) y el CDT, buscando mejorar los estandares de manejo y, con ello, optimizar los resultados del tratamiento de los pacientes aquejados por esta interesante neoplasia

The industrial engineer has a systemic perspective, this is oriented to decision making as part of his new managerial role, to face new challenges and organizational adversities, through the perception of problems that derive in new solution alternatives oriented to optimization. of results. The purpose of the industrial engineer is to avoid focusing the organization on partial solutions that do not satisfy the required solutions. As part of his organization's performance, he is able to make use of specialized methods and techniques of Industrial Engineering; however, the continuous improvement of Industrial Engineering has allowed a much broader development in terms of the engineer's participation in organizational decisions. This document presents different aspects that are analyzed to determine the impact of the role of the industrial engineer in the management of organizations as an agent of change in continuous change in search of process improvement and competitiveness.

En el 2019, Paraguay cumplió 30 años de transición democrática y, si bien, se reconocen avances en varios de los aspectos, aún persisten muchas falencias en la gestión del Estado, y dudas sobre la capacidad de garantizar, para todos sus ciudadanos, a través de bienes, servicios y regulaciones lo establecido en la Constitución Nacional (art. 6). Este artículo tiene la finalidad de contribuir al área de políticas sociales en el Paraguay, conceptualizando, en primer lugar, los Estados/Regímenes de Bienestar y el Estado Paraguayo como unidad de análisis, resaltando sus características históricas, las relaciones Sociedad-Mercado y Estado y el fuerte vínculo con el clientelismo político en su formación y expansión a partir de la mitad del S. XX, hasta nuestros días. En segundo lugar se revisan cómo estos conceptos desarrollados se materializan a través de las políticas sociales, sus características, principales estrategias, programas y proyectos emblemáticos implementados, y la evolución de la institucionalidad a lo largo de tres fases bien diferenciadas entre sí: a) el periodo correspondiente a los años 1989 al 2002, caracterizado por ser la fase inicial o incipiente de la intervención estatal en materia social; b) el segundo periodo del 2003 al 2013, inicio de los programas de lucha contra la pobreza, así como el afianzamiento de algunos programas/políticas universales y la expansión de los principales derechos sociales constitucionales; y c) el tercer periodo que corresponde a los años 2013 al 2018, cuando se da la ruptura y reconfiguración (tanto en lo conceptual como en lo programático-institucional) de la gestión estatal, en materia de políticas sociales.

Enzymatic cellulose hydrolysis is an important step for the production of second-generation biofuels. The filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei is among the most important organisms for obtaining cellulolytic enzymes. The Cel6A (CBH II) cellulase from T. ressei plays an important role in cellulose hydrolysis and acts on the non-reducing end of cellulose, in contrast to Cel7B (CBH I), which acts on the reducing end of cellulose thus releasing cellobiose. Therefore, Cel6A deficiency becomes a limiting factor in cellulose saccharification. This work attempted to use codon optimization to enhance Cel6A expression in Escherichia coli. A plasmid expression vector, pUCITD04, was designed; this vector contains: the cel6a gene, regulatory regions (the promoter and terminator T7 sequences), the OmpT signal peptide that allows the secretion of proteins into the culture medium, and a 6His tail to allow purification of the protein by affinity chromatography. The protein expression experiment using a strain of E. coli transformed with pUCITD04 resulted in a 31 kDa polypeptide being secreted into the culture medium that did not possess enzymatic activity, meanwhile, the control strain transformed with the empty plasmid did not secrete any protein fragments, indicating that a truncated Cel6A was being produced by the experimental strain. This phenomenon has been reported during the production of recombinant cellulases in E. coli. In this research, we discuss probable causes of this phenomenon, as well as the drawbacks in the production of cellulases by E. coli, directing efforts to elucidate the causes of the production of truncated cellulases by this bacterial factory. Key words: Gene construct, recombinant cellobiohydrolase, Escherichia coli.

This article conducts a contemporary comparative review of the medical literature to update and establish evidence as to which framework among Rotterdam and Marshall computed tomography (CT)-based scoring systems predicts traumatic brain injury (TBI) outcomes better. The scheme followed was following the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines for literature search. The search started on August 15, 2020 and ended on December 31, 2020. The combination terms used were Medical Subject Headings terms, combination keywords, and specific words used for describing various pathologies of TBI to identify the most relevant article in each database. PICO question to guide the search strategy was: “what is the use of Marshall (I) versus Rotterdam score (C) in TBI patients (P) for mortality risk stratification (O).” The review is based on 46 references which included a full review of 14 articles for adult TBI patients and 6 articles for pediatric TBI articles comparing Rotterdam and Marshall CT scores. The review includes 8,243 patients, of which 2,365 were pediatric and 5,878 were adult TBI patients. Marshall CT classification is not ordinal, is more descriptive, has better inter-rater reliability, and poor performance in a specific group of TBI patients requiring decompressive craniectomy. Rotterdam CT classification is ordinal, has better discriminatory power, and a better description of the dynamics of intracranial changes. The two scoring systems are complimentary. A combination of clinical parameters, severity, ischemic and hemodynamic parameters, and CT scoring system could predict the prognosis of TBI patients with significant accuracy. None of the classifications has good evidence for use in pediatric patients.

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a small subpopulation of cells within tumors with properties, such as self-renewal, differentiation, and tumorigenicity. CSCs have been proposed as a plausible therapeutic target as they are responsible for tumor recurrence, metastasis, and conventional therapy resistance. Selectively targeting CSCs is a promising strategy to eliminate the propagation of tumor cells and impair overall tumor development. Recent research shows that several immune cells play a crucial role in regulating tumor cell proliferation by regulating different CSC maintenance or proliferation pathways. There have been great advances in cellular immunotherapy using T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, macrophages, or stem cells for the selective targeting of tumor cells or CSCs in colorectal cancer (CRC). This review summarizes the CRC molecular profiles that may benefit from said therapy and the main vehicles used in cell therapy against CSCs. We also discuss the challenges, limitations, and advantages of combining conventional and/or current targeted treatments in the late stages of CRC.