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101. Bioconjugation strategies to couple supramolecular exo-functionalized palladium cages to peptides for biomedical applications

Author: Angela Casini, Tao Zhang, Geny M. M. Groothuis, Peter Horvatovich, Hjalmar P. Permentier, Andrea Schmidt, Jiaying Han, Rainer Bischoff, Fritz E. Kühn, Analytical Biochemistry, Polymer Chemistry and Bioengineering, Medicinal Chemistry and Bioanalysis (MCB), Biopharmaceuticals, Discovery, Design and Delivery (BDDD), Nanomedicine & Drug Targeting, and Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy
Subjects: Biomedical Research, Macromolecular Substances, Supramolecular chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, Tumor cells, Nanotechnology, 010402 general chemistry, Mass spectrometry, 01 natural sciences, Mass Spectrometry, Catalysis, Drug Delivery Systems, Organometallic Compounds, Materials Chemistry, QD, Bioconjugation, 010405 organic chemistry, Ligand, Metals and Alloys, General Chemistry, Combinatorial chemistry, 0104 chemical sciences, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, chemistry, Drug delivery, Ceramics and Composites, Peptides, Palladium
Abstract: Supramolecular Pd2L4 cages (L = ligand) hold promise as drug delivery systems. With the idea of achieving targeted delivery of the metallacages to tumor cells, the bioconjugation of exo-functionalized self-assembled Pd2L4 cages to peptides following two different approaches is reported for the first time. The obtained bioconjugates were analyzed and identified by high-resolution mass spectrometry.
Published: 2017

102. Heterogeneity in Synaptogenic Profile of Astrocytes from Different Brain Regions

Author: Isadora Matias, Ana Paula Bérgamo Araujo, Andrea Schmidt Buosi, Carolina Batista, and Flávia Carvalho Alcantara Gomes
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Cerebellum, Central nervous system, Neuroscience (miscellaneous), Synapse, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, Postsynaptic potential, medicine, Animals, RNA, Messenger, Cerebral Cortex, Neurons, Extracellular Matrix Proteins, biology, Calcium-Binding Proteins, Brain, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, nervous system, Neurology, Cerebral cortex, Astrocytes, Culture Media, Conditioned, Synapses, Synaptophysin, biology.protein, Neuroscience, Postsynaptic density, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Astrocyte
Abstract: Astrocytes, the most abundant glial cells in the central nervous system (CNS), comprise a heterogeneous population of cells. However, how this heterogeneity impacts their function within brain homeostasis and response to injury and disease is still largely unknown. Recently, astrocytes have been recognized as important regulators of synapse formation and maturation. Here, we analyzed the synaptogenic property of astrocytes from different regions of the CNS. The effect of conditioned medium derived from astrocytes (astrocyte-conditioned medium (ACM)) from cerebral cortex, hippocampus, midbrain and cerebellum, in synapse formation, was evaluated. Synapse formation was analyzed by quantification of pre- and postsynaptic proteins, synaptophysin, and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95). ACM from the four regions increased significantly the number of synaptophysin/PSD-95 puncta on neurons from the same and different brain regions. Differences on astrocytic synaptogenic potential between the regions were observed according to ACM protein concentration. Thus, cerebellar astrocytes have higher synaptogenic effect when ACM is less concentrated. Also, heterotypical co-culture assays revealed that neurons from cerebral cortex and midbrain equally respond to ACM, indicating that differences in synapse effect are unlike to be neuron-autonomous. The expression profile of the synaptogenic molecules secreted by astrocytes from distinct brain regions was analyzed by qPCR. Gene expression of glypicans 4 and 6, hevin, and secreted protein-acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) greatly varies between astrocytes from different brain regions. Furthermore, in vivo analysis of hevin protein confirmed that variance. These findings highlight the heterogeneity of astrocytes and suggest that their synaptogenic potential may be different in each brain region, mainly due to distinct gene expression profiles.
Published: 2017

103. Friends forever? The Role of the Visegrad Group and European Integration

Author: Andrea Schmidt
Subjects: International relations, Sociology and Political Science, Group (mathematics), 05 social sciences, 0507 social and economic geography, Gender studies, 0506 political science, regional cooperation, foreign policy, Political science, Political Science and International Relations, European integration, 050602 political science & public administration, 050703 geography, Social psychology, european union
Abstract: The Visegrad Group celebrated its 25th anniversary in February 2016. Established as an initiative of three statesmen from the Central and Eastern European (CEE) region, this cooperation has experienced booms and crises. The aim of this paper is to analyse the function of this regional integration in the years following the end of bipolar system as Visegrad Group members headed down the road to Euro-Atlantic integration. To this end, I apply different theoretical approaches and attempt to explain the influence of key former politicians as well as new scenarios for the Visegrad Group’s position in the European Union. This analysis also covers the latest foreign policy changes and challenges facing CEE due to the involvement of a wider region that creates a counter-balance to the core EU. Statistical data and official documents from the Visegrad Group’s website strengthen these findings.
Published: 2016

104. Die Mitwirkung der Jugendhilfe im jugendgerichtlichen Verfahren

Author: Andrea Schmidt
Published: 2018

105. Cartografías del conflicto ambiental en Argentina II

Author: Mariana Andrea Schmidt, Facundo Martín, Leonardo Fernández, Soledad Fernández Bouzo, Sofía Astelarra, Melina Tobias, Andrés Scharager, Lorenzo Langbehn, Carolina Montera, Robin Sebastien Larsimont, Tamara Beltramino, Delia Ramírez, and Virginia Belén Toledo López
Published: 2019

106. From Intermarium to the Three Seas Initiative—The Implications of the Polish Orientation Over the Central and Eastern European Region on Hungarian Foreign Policy

Author: Andrea Schmidt
Subjects: Eastern european, Economy, Foreign policy, Orientation (mental), Political science, European integration, Position (finance)
Abstract: The concepts of Polish foreign policy in the twentieth century exerted a special influence over Hungary, with both countries having shared common historical experience based on their changing borders and geographical locations, as well as being located between two great powers. This position thus determined their orientation and also influenced their foreign policy. This chapter deals with an analysis of Polish and Hungarian cooperation from the early twentieth century, adopting the Intermarium concept and the Three Seas Initiative as reference points. This regional initiative reflected a necessity in contribution based on its disadvantageous position, with these problem-solving methods determining the orientation of the selected countries. Within this chapter, the author wishes to examine whether European integration could modify the Polish concept, while looking at what role the Three Seas Initiative could play in respect of Hungarian foreign policy.
Published: 2019

107. Basic Research Needs Workshop on Compact Accelerators for Security and Medicine: Tools for the 21st Century, May 6-8, 2019

Author: Namdoo Moon, Arlyn J. Antolak, George R. Neil, Eric Colby, Manouchehr Farkhondeh, Quentin Saulter, Anna Erickson, David A. Jaffray, James S. Welsh, Donna Nevels, Tony Ting, Keith Jankowski, Mark Wrobel, Queenie Huang, George E. Laramore, Donny Hornback, Jeffrey P. Calame, Norm Coleman, Richard Vojtech, Suresh D. Pillai, Kramer Akli, Harry E. Martz, Ahmed Badruzzaman, Shima Shayanfar, David J. Funk, Frederik Tovesson, L. K. Len, Eric C. Ford, Jeff Buchsbaum, Daisy Sauceman, Andrea Schmidt, Christie Ashton, Ron Tosh, John R. Cary, Lance Garrison, Eliane Lessner, Michael V. Fazio, Mary-Keara Boss, Mark Curtin, Tiffani R. Conner, and Sandra Beidron
Subjects: Engineering management, Engineering, business.industry, Basic research, business
Published: 2019

108. Design of a light-gated proton channel based on the crystal structure of

Author: Roman, Fudim, Michal, Szczepek, Johannes, Vierock, Arend, Vogt, Andrea, Schmidt, Gunnar, Kleinau, Paul, Fischer, Franz, Bartl, Patrick, Scheerer, and Peter, Hegemann
Subjects: Models, Molecular, Optogenetics, Rhodopsin, Chlorophyta, Proton Pumps, Crystallography, X-Ray, Plant Proteins
Abstract: The light-driven proton pump
Published: 2019

109. Design of a light-gated proton channel based on the crystal structure of Coccomyxa rhodopsin

Author: Arend Vogt, Patrick Scheerer, Franz Bartl, Roman Fudim, Johannes Vierock, Paul Fischer, Andrea Schmidt, Peter Hegemann, Gunnar Kleinau, and Michal Szczepek
Subjects: 0303 health sciences, Materials science, Proton, biology, Conductance, Cell Biology, Optogenetics, 010402 general chemistry, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, 0104 chemical sciences, Ion, 03 medical and health sciences, Rhodopsin, Proton transport, Coccomyxa, Biophysics, biology.protein, Molecular Biology, Ion transporter, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract: The light-driven proton pump Coccomyxa subellipsoidea rhodopsin (CsR) provides-because of its high expression in heterologous host cells-an opportunity to study active proton transport under controlled electrochemical conditions. In this study, solving crystal structure of CsR at 2.0-A resolution enabled us to identify distinct features of the membrane protein that determine ion transport directivity and voltage sensitivity. A specific hydrogen bond between the highly conserved Arg83 and the nearby nonconserved tyrosine (Tyr14) guided our structure-based transformation of CsR into an operational light-gated proton channel (CySeR) that could potentially be used in optogenetic assays. Time-resolved electrophysiological and spectroscopic measurements distinguished pump currents from channel currents in a single protein and emphasized the necessity of Arg83 mobility in CsR as a dynamic extracellular barrier to prevent passive conductance. Our findings reveal that molecular constraints that distinguish pump from channel currents are structurally more confined than was generally expected. This knowledge might enable the structure-based design of novel optogenetic tools, which derive from microbial pumps and are therefore ion specific.
Published: 2019

110. Cohort Profile: The LoewenKIDS Study - life-course perspective on infections, the microbiome and the development of the immune system in early childhood

Author: Cornelia Gottschick, Heike Raupach-Rosin, Susan Langer, Lamiaa Hassan, Johannes Horn, Evelyn Dorendorf, Mahrrouz Caputo, Martina Bittner, Lea Beier, Nicole Rübsamen, Kristin Schlinkmann, Beate Zoch, Carlos A Guzman, Gesine Hansen, Valerie Heselich, Eva Holzapfel, Johannes Hübner, Thomas Pietschmann, Dietmar H Pieper, Mathias Pletz, Peggy Riese, Andrea Schmidt-Pokrzywniak, Saskia Hartwig, Constantin von Kaisenberg, Mustafa Aydogdu, Matthias Buhles, Frank Dressler, Wolfgang Eberl, Roland Haase, Franz Edler von Koch, Susanne Feidicker, Torsten Frambach, Heiko G B Franz, Florian Guthmann, Hans G Koch, Sven Seeger, Carsten Oberhoff, Wladimir Pauker, Karl U Petry, Ralf L Schild, Michael Tchirikov, Eckhard Röhrig, André Karch, Rafael Mikolajczyk, HZI,Helmholtz-Zentrum für Infektionsforschung GmbH, Inhoffenstr. 7,38124 Braunschweig, Germany., and TWINCORE, Zentrum für experimentelle und klinische Infektionsforschung GmbH,Feodor-Lynen Str. 7, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
Subjects: Male, Adolescent, Epidemiology, Nutritional Status, Infections, Risk Factors, Germany, Hypersensitivity, Animals, Humans, Child, Respiratory Tract Infections, Cohort Profiles, Family Characteristics, Microbiota, Infant, Newborn, Infant, General Medicine, Pets, Corrigenda, Asthma, Socioeconomic Factors, Child, Preschool, Immune System, Female, Epidemiologic Methods, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract: [Noabstract available]
Published: 2019

111. Encorafenib plus Binimetinib in patients with locally advanced, unresectable or metastatic BRAFV600-mutant melanoma: First data of the multicenter, multinational, prospective, non-interventional longitudinal study BERINGMELANOMA

Author: Olivier Michielin, Jochen Utikal, Martin Kaatz, Ralf Gutzmer, Michael Fluck, Daniela Goeppner, Christoph Hoeller, Jessica C. Hassel, Manfred Welslau, Erika Richtig, Reinhard Dummer, Sebastian Haferkamp, Dirk Schadendorf, Carmen Loquai, Andrea Forschner, Laura Milde, Rudolf Stadler, Roger Anton Fredy Von Moos, and Andrea Schmidt
Subjects: Oncology, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, Longitudinal study, Standard of care, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Melanoma, Medizin, Locally advanced, Binimetinib, medicine.disease, Targeted therapy, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Internal medicine, Non interventional, Medicine, In patient, business
Abstract: 9555 Background: For the treatment of advanced BRAFV600-mutated melanoma, targeted therapy (BRAF/MEK-inhibition) is a standard of care. Encorafenib + binimetinib (EB) were approved in the EU in Sep 2018 and in Switzerland in Nov 2019, based on positive results from COLUMBUS (NCT01909453), with a median progression-free survival (PFS) of 14.9 mo (4-year PFS: 26%) and overall survival (OS) of 33.6 mo (4-year OS: 39%). As data from controlled trials are based on selected populations, BERINGMELANOMA investigates the use of EB under real-world conditions in a broader population. Methods: BERINGMELANOMA is an ongoing, multi-national, multi-center, prospective, longitudinal, non-interventional study. It analyzes the effectiveness, quality of life and tolerability of EB-treatment under real-world conditions (primary endpoint: 1-year PFS-rate), focusing on the first- (1L) and second-line setting and including an evaluation of the impact of prognostic factors. The project aims to enroll up to 750 patients (pts) in a total of 80 German, Austrian and Swiss sites with a study duration of 8 yrs. So far, from Oct 2019 to Jan 2021, 153 pts have been included. Pts with prior BRAF-/MEK-inhibition (except adjuvant use completed > 6 mo) and > 1 prior treatment line were excluded. Results: Here we present the first planned interim analysis based on the initial 100 enrolled pts (91 treated / 89 evaluable; median follow-up: 8.1 mo). This analysis set shows a median age of 63.0 yrs (range 29.0-88.0), 52% of pts were female. 81% presented with distant metastases (brain: 31%), with an involvement of ≥3 organ systems in 51% and an elevated LDH in 42%. 54% of pts underwent prior systemic therapy (adjuvant: 28%; 1L: 24%, with ipilimumab + nivolumab as main 1L-treatment: 52%). EB was mainly administered in the 1L-setting (65%). Main reasons for EB-selection were: physician's preference (37%), efficacy (34%), quality of life (21%). Median estimated EB treatment duration was 12.7 mo (95%CI 8.3-NE), median relative dose intensity was 100% for both drugs. Treatment adaptations were required in 34% of pts. Adverse events (AE) were reported in 76% of pts (grade 3/4: 26%). Main AE (≥10%, all grades) were: nausea (18%), diarrhea (17%), CK increase (15%), fatigue (11%), gamma-GT increase (11%). No fatal toxicities were observed. Conclusions: This first interim analysis of BERINGMELANOMA shows an investigation of EB in a real-world population with advanced disease. Despite the poorer prognosis configuration as compared to the pivotal study, the observed treatment duration and tolerability profile are largely consistent with data derived from COLUMBUS without any new safety signals. The second interim analysis will be performed after enrollment of 200 pts and will include an initial analysis of effectiveness data. Clinical trial information: NCT04045691.
Published: 2021

112. Smart Hospital : Digitale und empathische Zukunftsmedizin

Author: Jochen A. Werner, Michael Forsting, Thorsten Kaatze, Andrea Schmidt-Rumposch, Jochen A. Werner, Michael Forsting, Thorsten Kaatze, and Andrea Schmidt-Rumposch
Subjects: Medical technology--Economic aspects, Medical technology--Management, Medical care--Technological innovations
Abstract: Die strukturellen Herausforderungen für das Gesundheitswesen wie die demografische Entwicklung, der kostenintensive medizinische Fortschritt oder der Fachkräftemangel erfordern innovative Denkansätze, wenn auch künftig eine patientenorientierte, für alle zugängliche medizinische Versorgung gewährleistet werden soll. Dazu ist die digitale Transformation das zentrale Instrument. Die Universitätsmedizin Essen begreift Digitalisierung als einmalige Chance, das Krankenhaus der Zukunft zu gestalten – mit einem klaren Fokus auf den Menschen als Patient und als Mitarbeiter. Dies gilt nicht nur im Regelbetrieb, sondern explizit auch für krisenhafte Situationen wie z.B. die Bekämpfung des Corona-Virus. Die Transformation zum „Smart Hospital“ ist ein umfassender und tiefgreifender Change-Prozess. Das Projekt „Smart Hospital“ erfordert neues Denken, eine moderne Unternehmenskultur und ist als unternehmerische Strategie Grundlage aller Entscheidungen, von Investitionen in medizinische Geräte über den Aufbau der notwendigen IT-Infrastruktur bis hin zu Berufungen und Personalentscheidungen. Alle Bereiche – medizinische Leistungen, Pflege und Service für den Patienten – werden im Rahmen der Gesamtstrategie des „Smart Hospital“ gebündelt und miteinander verknüpft. Dieses Buch stellt die großen Strategie- und Handlungsfelder der digitalen Transformation im Gesundheitswesen dar, und zwar im Kontext der Transformation in Gesellschaft, Wirtschaft und Politik. Darin liegt der besondere Reiz des Werkes: Nur wer die Herausforderungen annimmt, permanent seinen Horizont erweitert und lernfähig bleibt, kann die zum Teil rasanten Veränderungsprozesse mitgestalten. Das vorliegende Werk ist ein Kompass und Impulsgeber für alle Akteure in Krankenversorgung, Krankenkassen, Selbstverwaltung und Politik. Sie werden Mut und Gestaltungswillen brauchen, damit die digitale Transformation nicht nur innovative Behandlungsmethoden, sondern vor allem auch mehr Menschlichkeit möglich macht.
Published: 2020

113. Abstract PO044: RTX-321, an allogeneic red blood cell-based artificial antigen presenting cell, expressing MHC I-peptide, 4-1BBL and IL-12, engages primary human HPV-specific T cells and boosts other general immune responses

Author: Billy Blanco, Thomas Wickham, Andrea Schmidt, Timothy J. Lyford, Xuqing Zhang, Beatriz Marques, Laurence A. Turka, Shamael S. Dastagir, Mengyao Luo, and Tiffany F. Chen
Subjects: Cancer Research, Innate immune system, biology, T cell, medicine.medical_treatment, Immunology, Immunotherapy, Major histocompatibility complex, medicine.anatomical_structure, Immune system, MHC class I, medicine, biology.protein, Cancer research, Interleukin 12, CD8
Abstract: The high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) strain 16 accounts for ~ 70% of all cervical cancers and 80% of head and neck cancers associated with HPV infection., Despite available therapies, there remains a critical need for new treatment options for advanced HPV 16-associated cancers. To address this, we have genetically engineered red blood cells to create an allogeneic artificial antigen presenting cell (APC), RTX-321, that expresses an HPV E7 peptide bound to MHC I (HLA-A*02:01), 4-1BBL and IL-12 on the cell surface to mimic the biology of T cell APC interactions. RTX-321 is designed to enhance both the quantity and quality of endogenous tumor-specific T cells. In this study, we evaluated the mechanisms through which RTX-321 promotes anti-tumor immune responses, particularly its ability to engage and activate HPV 16-specific CD8+ T cells in the context of mixed immune populations in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and to modulate other key immune cell types in PBMCs. Primary CD8+ T cells were engineered to express the HPV E7 TCR, resulting in HPV E7-specific CD8+ T cells (E7 TCR-T). To determine whether RTX-321’s immune modulatory activities are dependent on the presence of antigen-specific T cells, we examined the effect of RTX-321 on PMBCs admixed with E7 TCR-T as compared to PBMCs alone. RTX-321 selectively expanded HPV E7-specific CD8+ T cells from the PBMC mixture in a dose-dependent manner. RTX-321 preferentially upregulated activation markers and effector molecules, and promoted effector memory on HPV E7-specific CD8+ T cells, compared to HPV independent CD8+ T cells. In addition to these HPV antigen-specific responses, modulations on other immune cells were observed with RTX-321 treatment. RTX-321 induced activation marker upregulation on general CD8+ T cells, as well as NK cell expansion, activation and effector molecule upregulation, independent of the presence of E7 TCR-T. In PBMCs, RTX-321 increased proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine secretion, including IFNγ, TNFα and CXCL10. The addition of E7 TCR-T cells further increased the production of IFNγ and TNFα in PBMCs, suggesting its potential role in further promoting the immune response by secreting effector molecules. Overall, our data indicate that RTX-321 not only engages HPV 16 antigen-specific CD8+ T cells, but also other key immune cell populations of the adaptive and innate immune systems to promote a broad and robust anti-tumor response. An Investigational New Drug application for RTX-321 for the treatment of patients with HPV 16-positive solid tumors is planned by the end of 2020. Citation Format: Mengyao Luo, Shamael S. Dastagir, Xuqing Zhang, Andrea Schmidt, Beatriz Marques, Timothy J. Lyford, Billy Blanco, Laurence A. Turka, Thomas J. Wickham, Tiffany F. Chen. RTX-321, an allogeneic red blood cell-based artificial antigen presenting cell, expressing MHC I-peptide, 4-1BBL and IL-12, engages primary human HPV-specific T cells and boosts other general immune responses [abstract]. In: Abstracts: AACR Virtual Special Conference: Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy; 2020 Oct 19-20. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2021;9(2 Suppl):Abstract nr PO044.
Published: 2021

114. 1D kinetic study of pinch formation in a dense plasma focus: Transition from collisional to collisionless regimes

Author: J. R. Angus, A. Link, and Andrea Schmidt
Subjects: Physics, Dense plasma focus, Mean free path, Radius, Condensed Matter Physics, Kinetic energy, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Deuterium, Physics::Plasma Physics, 0103 physical sciences, Pinch, Neutron, Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, Dimensionless quantity
Abstract: The pinch-formation stage of a deuterium dense plasma focus, and associated “shock-flash” neutron yield, is studied using 1D kinetic simulations considering a plasma column with initial pressure P, initial radius R, and the compression to be driven by a constant current I. The relative behavior of the compression is shown to be similar for fixed ratios of the characteristic ion mean free path to the radius of the plasma column at stagnation, λ s t / R s t. This dimensionless parameter is shown to scale like I 4 / ( P 3 R 5 ). The compression ratio, R / R s t, is found to be a minimum when λ s t / R s t ≈ 1 and is the largest in the collisionless limit where λ s t ≫ R s t. This behavior is in contrast to the analogous planar pinch where R / R s t decreases from one constant for λ s t / R s t ≪ 1 to a smaller constant for λ s t / R s t ≫ 1. The yield in the collisionless regime is shown to fall between the two well-known I4 scaling laws. Furthermore, this regime exhibits qualities that potentially make it appealing for radiography applications, such as increased localization in time and space of the neutron formation.
Published: 2021

115. Evidence for electroweak production of four charged leptons and two jets in proton-proton collisions at s=13TeV

Author: Natalia Emriskova, S. Tkaczyk, Jennifer Chu, J. H. Kim, Yeonju Go, A. Vagnerini, David Stuart, Christophe Ochando, Alice Mignerey, A. Benecke, Stefanos Leontsinis, Francesco Santanastasio, Stoyan Stoynev, Chayanit Asawatangtrakuldee, Philip Keicher, Michael Krohn, Piotr Zalewski, C. Kleinwort, Viktor Khristenko, Xinmei Niu, M. Lu, Gaël Perrin, A. Sanchez-Hernandez, Dragos Velicanu, Tongguang Cheng, Sergo Jindariani, J. Schwandt, Umesh Joshi, Vladimir Epshteyn, Matti J Kortelainen, Cheng-Chieh Peng, Jared Sturdy, Nuno Leonardo, M. Ruspa, Ashutosh Bhardwaj, Caleb Smith, Florian Michael Pitters, Stephanie Kwan, Alexander Bylinkin, Doris Eckstein, Achim Geiser, Batoul Diab, Javier Cuevas, D. Kim, Daniel Teyssier, Georgy Antchev, Victor Perelygin, Manisha Lohan, Alessandra Fanfani, Marcello Abbrescia, Sanjay Kumar, Danila Tlisov, Ioanna Papavergou, David Sperka, Gaelle Boudoul, Wolfgang Waltenberger, Alexis Kalogeropoulos, D. Sunar Cerci, Kinga Anna Wozniak, S. Choi, J. Duarte Campderros, Andrew Askew, R. L. Lander, Nicholas Menendez, M. Olmedo Negrete, Miao Hu, Lata Panwar, Peter Raics, Peicho Petkov, Erik Brücken, Achille Petrilli, G. Ortona, Prasant Kumar Rout, S. Afanasiev, A. Álvarez Fernández, Riccardo Paramatti, Andrea Giammanco, Priyanka Kumari, R. Kumar Verma, Guillaume Bourgatte, Fanbo Meng, Caroline Collard, Georgios Anagnostou, Melody A. Swartz, Arash Jofrehei, Samuel Nathan Webb, Giovanni Mocellin, Maciej Malawski, Xin Chen, Teresa Rodrigo, W. A. T. Wan Abdullah, Jamal Rorie, Daniel Pitzl, Jason Gilmore, Angelo Giacomo Zecchinelli, Angela Giraldi, Arne Reimers, Marco Paganoni, Dimitri Bourilkov, Maxwell Chertok, Don Lincoln, Danek Kotlinski, Jordan Martins, A. Melo, Stephen Sanders, Li Yuan, W. De Boer, Jory Sonneveld, Hafeez R Hoorani, Alessandro Cardini, Daniel John Karmgard, Manfred Jeitler, Denis Gelé, Catherine Schiber, Mauro Emanuele Dinardo, Carmen Albajar, Sven Dildick, H. Van Haevermaet, Kun Shi, Owen Baron, Steve Schnetzer, Saranya Ghosh, Klaas Padeken, Sam Harper, Renato Campanini, Qianming Huang, Rosamaria Venditti, Roland Koppenhöfer, Melissa Quinnan, Carlos Lourenco, Andres Tiko, Najaf Amin, A. Braghieri, T. Sarkar, Neil Schroeder, A. Ellithi Kamel, Luca Perrozzi, O. Gonzalez Lopez, J. Wang, Kevin Sung, Konstanty Sumorok, S. W. Cho, Andrew Whitbeck, Viktor Veszpremi, V. Makarenko, Sushil Chauhan, Kajari Mazumdar, Nickolas Mccoll, Genady Gavrilov, Marcus Hohlmann, Robert Hirosky, Nhan Viet Tran, Demetra Tsiakkouri, Shawn Zaleski, Joaquin Emilo Siado, Anup Kumar Sikdar, Mohammad Abrar Wadud, Christof Roland, Yao Yao, K. De Leo, Shuichi Kunori, Ilia Zhizhin, A. Escalante Del Valle, Joosep Pata, Colin Bernet, Th. Müller, Paul Sheldon, Yuichi Kubota, Tai Sakuma, Simone Scarfi, Andreas Albert, Aliaksandr Litomin, Pallabi Das, Olivér Surányi, Atanu Modak, Maksat Haytmyradov, Paolo Montagna, David Colling, Amina Zghiche, Tobias Pook, Jay Hauser, A. Vilela Pereira, Jack King, Kuntal Mondal, Günther Dissertori, Yi Chen, Teresa Lenz, Claudio Caputo, Ugur Kiminsu, G. P. Van Onsem, Martti Raidal, I. Gonzalez Caballero, Shabnam Jabeen, T. Aushev, Thomas Reitenspiess, A. Khan, J. Lykken, Emily MacDonald, Danilo Meuser, Andrew Gilbert, E. Ayala, Sharad Malik, Byeonghak Ko, Carlos Florez, Ilaria Vai, Nicolas Postiau, Siqi Yuan, Rishi Patel, Y. D. Oh, Fabrizio Palla, Rachel Yohay, J. K. Lim, F. Simonetto, Vladimir Cherepanov, Yutaro Iiyama, Sergio P Ratti, Mehmet Kaya, Sunil Dogra, J. Madhusudanan Sreekala, Othmane Bouhali, Frank Chlebana, Giovanni Organtini, Carlos Erice, H. Zhang, David Mason, Alessia Saggio, Paolo Spagnolo, Luigi Moroni, P. Gras, Luca Lista, Claudio Quaranta, Lindsey Gray, Kevin Mcdermott, Dmytro Kovalskyi, V. Kutzner, Gyorgy Vesztergombi, Derek James Cranshaw, Alberto Belloni, Piet Verwilligen, Jan Eysermans, Attilio Santocchia, Jean Fay, Marco Cipriani, Peter Elmer, M. K. Jayananda, Marcella Diemoz, Mikhail Dubinin, P. Klabbers, Christophe Royon, J. Park, Paraskevas Gianneios, Laurent Mirabito, Steven Lowette, Intae Yu, Andrea Perrotta, R. Di Maria, Jose Monroy, Fuqiang Wang, Sergey Polikarpov, Justin Pilot, Petr Moisenz, David Ja Cockerill, Wolfgang Lange, Ridhi Chawla, Meenakshi Narain, J. León Holgado, Yangyang Cheng, Andrea Bocci, V. K. Muraleedharan Nair Bindhu, A. Starodumov, Patrick Jarry, Alexander Dierlamm, Daniele Bonacorsi, Nicholas Haubrich, Aleksandr Iuzhakov, M. Bharti, V. Sola, Anna Elliott-Peisert, Vuko Brigljevic, Lucia Silvestris, Michal Szleper, Chia-Ming Kuo, Burin Asavapibhop, Xunwu Zuo, Mirena Ivova Paneva, Thomas Eichhorn, Alessandro Thea, Cristina Fernandez Bedoya, Isabel Pedraza, Caleb Fangmeier, S. Cerci, R. E. Sosa Ricardo, Hasan Ogul, Ali Harb, Ivan Atanasov, Frank Jm Geurts, Katherine Victoria Ellis, Smarajit Karmakar, Oliver Pooth, Sihyun Jeon, Don Upul Jayasiri Sonnadara, Jan Steggemann, Pirmin Berger, Tommaso Dorigo, Sandra Malvezzi, Andrés Cabrera, David Taylor, B. Jayatilaka, Josry Metwally, Aran Garcia-Bellido, Kevin Nash, Thea Klaeboe Aarrestad, M. A. Segura Delgado, Wajid Ali Khan, Debarati Roy, Inna Kucher, Samandeep Sharma, Jelena Mijuskovic, Marco Musich, Vinicius Massami Mikuni, Marius Teroerde, Laurent Pétré, Arnaud Steen, Nicolaus Kratochwil, Igor Vorobiev, Ravi Janjam, Siddharth Narayanan, Anton Karneyeu, Leonard Apanasevich, Martin Delcourt, Samila Muthumuni, Gilvan Alves, M. Pelliccioni, M. Vander Donckt, Anna Teresa Meneguzzo, Amanpreet Kaur, He He, A. B. Meyer, Nicolò Trevisani, Dirk Krücker, Gianluca Cerminara, Maria Savina, Wei Li, Elizabeth Sexton-Kennedy, Bobae Kim, Matthias Wolf, Paolo Ronchese, Badder Marzocchi, Erik Gottschalk, Andrea Delgado, Duncan Leggat, S. 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Rejeb Sfar, Jane Nachtman, Gabriella Pugliese, Biagio Rossi, Sergio F Novaes, Samet Lezki, Morgan Lethuillier, Yasar Onel, Amedeo Staiano, Kevin Lannon, Ignacio Redondo, Benjamin Stieger, Yurii Maravin, Vladimir Gavrilov, H. Sert, Hongbo Liao, Aleko Khukhunaishvili, Stefano Marcellini, G. Della Ricca, Sonaina Undleeb, Younes Otarid, Guenakh Mitselmakher, S. Orfanelli, Spandan Mondal, A. C. Le Bihan, Jordan Damgov, D. Di Croce, Peter Hansen, R. M. Brown, Leonardo Cristella, Kisung Lee, Hannes Jung, Mark Saunders, Francisco Garcia, Basile Vermassen, Alexander Zhokin, Martijn Mulders, A. Rose, S. Kaur, Marius Metzler, Jay Mathew Lawhorn, Claude Amsler, S. Roy Chowdhury, Andrea Bellora, Laurent Favart, A. Bragagnolo, Song-Ming Wang, Kamal Lamichhane, Cristian Pena, Thomas Reis, Martin Lipinski, Mary Hadley, Martino Margoni, Daniel Guerrero, Navid Rad, Frank Würthwein, Susan Gascon, Angela Taliercio, Manas Maity, Gabriel Ramirez-Sanchez, Gunther Roland, K. El Morabit, Alexi Mestvirishvili, Ulrich Goerlach, Joze Zobec, Massimo Casarsa, Steve Nahn, Wren Vetens, Zheng Wang, Ji Hwan Bhyun, Jeffrey Krupa, Illia Khvastunov, Lea Caminada, Rong-Shyang Lu, Marco Meschini, Paolo Capiluppi, Frigyes Nemes, James Rohlf, Carlos Avila, Ricardo Eusebi, Simon Regnard, Jiajing Mao, Leonid Levchuk, Luca Scodellaro, Christos Roskas, Maria Cepeda, Jorgen D'Hondt, Daniela Schäfer, Davide Piccolo, Tim Ziemons, T. Mitchell, Matthias Komm, Bahareh Roozbahani, Nadeesha Wickramage, Q. Ingram, L. Valencia Palomo, Paul Avery, Salavat Abdullin, Lisa Benato, L. I. Estevez Banos, Quentin Python, Randy Ruchti, Joe Incandela, Luca Cadamuro, Atul Gurtu, Benjamin Krikler, Peter Meiring, Manfred Paulini, Jessica Prisciandaro, Pierluigi Bortignon, Milan Stojanovic, Ugo Gasparini, Veikko Karimäki, Sara Fiorendi, Vasken Hagopian, G. M. Dallavalle, Bhargav Madhusudan Joshi, Georgios Krintiras, Matteo Presilla, Zeynep Demiragli, Marina Kolosova, Yalcin Guler, Roger Wolf, Lev Dudko, Jeremy Andrea, Redwan Habibullah, Marta Verweij, Hong Ni, W. T. Ford, P. J. Fernández Manteca, Luca Guzzi, Pierluigi Zotto, Robert Bainbridge, Michael Wayne Arenton, Siddhesh Sawant, Xuyang Gao, Shalini Thakur, James John Brooke, Cédric Prieels, F. Fiori, Martina Ressegotti, P. Schütze, Oleksii Turkot, Michele Selvaggi, O. Behnke, Gulsen Onengut, Viktor Matveev, H. Lee, Carlo Civinini, Clemens Lange, K. Sandeep, Santiago Folgueras, George Alverson, Roman Kogler, Satoshi Hasegawa, A. Bodek, Oleksii Toldaiev, Mark Pesaresi, Claudia Ciocca, S. Shmatov, Kaitlin Salyer, F. Torres Da Silva De Araujo, Markus Seidel, Vineet Kumar, R. Loveless, Dan Brunner, Sanghyun Ko, Byung-Sik Hong, Mahmod Moussa Abdelkhalek Gadallah, Michael Hildreth, M. S. Meyer, Matthew Joyce, Anastasia Karavdina, T. W. Wang, J. Ripoll Sau, Bożena Boimska, Kerem Cankocak, Harrison Prosper, Marta Baselga, V. Smirnov, Mario Deile, Stephen Robert Wagner, P. Priyanka, David Walter, John Strologas, J. Fernandez Menendez, Charles Maguire, and Amal Sarkar
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Large Hadron Collider, Luminosity (scattering theory), Proton, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Electroweak interaction, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Standard Model, 0103 physical sciences, Effective field theory, High Energy Physics::Experiment, 010306 general physics, Lepton, Boson
Abstract: Evidence is presented for the electroweak (EW) production of two jets (jj) in association with two Z bosons and constraints on anomalous quartic gauge couplings are set. The analysis is based on a data sample of proton-proton collisions at s=13TeV collected with the CMS detector in 2016–2018, and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb−1 . The search is performed in the fully leptonic final state ZZ→lll′l′ , where l,l′=e,μ . The EW production of two jets in association with two Z bosons is measured with an observed (expected) significance of 4.0 (3.5) standard deviations. The cross sections for the EW production are measured in three fiducial volumes and the result is σEW(pp→ZZjj→lll′l′jj)=0.33−0.10+0.11(stat)−0.03+0.04(syst)fb in the most inclusive volume, in agreement with the standard model prediction of 0.275±0.021fb . Measurements of total cross sections for jj production in association with two Z bosons are also reported. Limits on anomalous quartic gauge couplings are derived in terms of the effective field theory operators T0, T1, T2, T8, and T9.
Published: 2021

116. Observation of electroweak production of Wγ with two jets in proton-proton collisions at s=13 TeV

Author: Alexander Spiridonov, I. A. Melzer-Pellmann, Kun Shi, Fatma Boran, Elena Voevodina, Lara Zygala, Ioannis Papakrivopoulos, Kinga Anna Wozniak, S. Choi, Stephen Sanders, A. Escalante Del Valle, Joosep Pata, Colin Bernet, Francesca Nessi-Tedaldi, Patrick Jarry, Laurent Thomas, Raffaella Tramontano, Mark Derdzinski, Ugur Kiminsu, G. P. Van Onsem, Martti Raidal, C. Adloff, Yongho Jeong, Kevin Nash, Thea Klaeboe Aarrestad, Gourab Saha, Valentina Dutta, Claudio Caputo, Victor Murzin, R. Loveless, Andreas Werner Jung, Chandiprasad Kar, Matthias Schröder, A. Rossi, A. Kasem, Q. Li, Dan Brunner, Sanghyun Ko, Vukasin Milosevic, Nikkie Deelen, Radia Redjimi, E. M. Da Costa, Hyejin Kwon, Burin Asavapibhop, Xunwu Zuo, James Bueghly, Matthew Nguyen, J. Lykken, Yangyang Cheng, Byung-Sik Hong, Mahmod Moussa Abdelkhalek Gadallah, Prakash Thapa, Giovanni Abbiendi, Olmo Cerri, Andrea Bocci, Tariq Aziz, Kyungwook Nam, Dave M Newbold, Pushpalatha C Bhat, Ketino Kaadze, E. W. Vaandering, Alexander Titterton, V. Re, W. L. Aldá Júnior, Michael Hildreth, M. S. Meyer, A. García Alonso, Anadi Canepa, Olivier Davignon, Dmitri Konstantinov, Jeremy Mans, Katja Klein, R. F. Harr, Ashish Sharma, Matthew Joyce, Bobak Hashemi, Tom Cornelis, Shivali Malhotra, V. Rodríguez Bouza, E. Gurpinar Guler, Pedro G Mercadante, Francisco Yumiceva, Costas Foudas, Anna Zacharopoulou, Hans-Christian Kaestli, M. A. Bhat, C. S. Moon, Ritva Kinnunen, Petar Maksimovic, Dario Menasce, Kristian Harder, G. L. Pinna Angioni, Daniel Savoiu, Patrick Janot, Sihyun Jeon, Pirmin Berger, Tommaso Dorigo, Sandra Malvezzi, D. Cutts, B. McMaster, Ddc Wickramarathna, W. Snoeys, Michael Benjamin Andrews, Fan Xia, Dietrich Liko, Simone Paoletti, Abhijith Gandrakota, Suchandra Dutta, J. A. Murillo Quijada, Pietro Faccioli, Giulio Mandorli, D. H. Kim, Anne-Marie Magnan, Wagner Carvalho, Greg Landsberg, Cécile Caillol, Anna Colaleo, Yildiray Komurcu, J. L. Dulemba, S. Somalwar, Pedrame Bargassa, Werner Sun, Santeri Laurila, Christian Dziwok, Nikolay Voytishin, Guido Tonelli, K. H. M. Kwok, Kira Burt, Zehui Zhang, Eleni Erodotou, Anastasia Karavdina, T. W. Wang, J. Ripoll Sau, Bożena Boimska, Marek Gruchala, Simranjit Singh Chhibra, Ali Eren Simsek, Jan Tomsa, Thorsten Chwalek, Gage Dezoort, C. Ramón Álvarez, D. E. Pellett, Konstantinos Theofilatos, Sandor Czellar, P. Kontaxakis, Manuel Giffels, Pavel Bunin, Kerem Cankocak, Harrison Prosper, Marta Baselga, David Barney, Aleksandra Lelek, Stephanie Beauceron, Geng-Yuan Jeng, Mykhailo Dalchenko, Tamás Álmos Vámi, Andrey Popov, Johann Rauser, L. J. Gutay, Robert Hirosky, Colin Jessop, David Hamilton, C. A. Salazar González, Dominique Gigi, Raffaello D'Alessandro, B. Kailasapathy, Tanmay Mudholkar, Ennio Monteil, Aldo Penzo, Pierluigi Paolucci, Nicolas Tonon, Artur Gottmann, Aimilios Ioannou, Nadir Daci, V. Smirnov, Mario Deile, Stephen Robert Wagner, Irene Bachiller, Jingyu Luo, John Strologas, J. 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Myronenko, Amina Zghiche, Emily MacDonald, Danilo Meuser, Aleksandar Aleksandrov, Anna Kropivnitskaya, P. de Barbaro, D. P. Stickland, Jacob Linacre, Yongbin Feng, Bernard Ille, Ali Mohammadi, Dinko Ferencek, Tahereh Sadat Niknejad, Chiara Aime, Giovanni Franzoni, Evrim Ersin Kangal, Simone Gennai, Bibhuprasad Mahakud, Lata Panwar, Peter Raics, Peicho Petkov, Erik Brücken, Andrew Gilbert, Vyacheslav Valuev, Ridhi Chawla, I. Dremin, Nicola Minafra, Johannes Schulz, Geonhee Oh, P. De Castro Manzano, J. De Clercq, Toni Sculac, Anthony Lefeld, Ren-Yuan Zhu, Roger Rusack, Marc Dejardin, Pascal Vanlaer, Richard Breedon, Eduardo Coelho, Ozlem Kaya, Aristotelis Kyriakis, Y. Musienko, M. C. Fouz, Lukas Lechner, Sevil Salur, Y. Wang, T. Geralis, Mateusz Zarucki, Antoni Shtipliyski, Todor Ivanov, Welathantri Gd Dharmaratna, Martino Margoni, Daniel Guerrero, Ferenc Sikler, Mauro Verzetti, Ted Kolberg, C. Uribe Estrada, Muhammad Shoaib, Alberto Santoro, H. S. Kim, Mario Kadastik, Meenakshi Narain, J. León Holgado, Alexander Dermenev, Ashley Parker, Mirena Ivova Paneva, Grigory Safronov, Achille Petrilli, G. Ortona, L. Layer, Claude Charlot, Hyonsan Seo, Rachael Bucci, Thomas Eichhorn, Alessandro Thea, Cristina Fernandez Bedoya, Isabel Pedraza, Reddy Pratap Gandrajula, V. Makarenko, Sushil Chauhan, Kajari Mazumdar, Nickolas Mccoll, Raffaele Gerosa, Alexander Ledovskoy, Vincent J Smith, Paolo Azzurri, Michael Reichmann, B. Álvarez González, Tielige Mengke, Tobias Pook, Jay Hauser, A. Vilela Pereira, J. D. Ruiz Alvarez, Aurélien Carle, G. Gomez Ceballos, Nikos Varelas, Helen F Heath, Joshua Hiltbrand, Sridhara Dasu, Emilio Meschi, Garrett Funk, Giacomo Bruno, Ian Mcalister, Yousen Zhang, Irene Dutta, Sebastian Wozniewski, Anton Babaev, Eric Adams, Dennis Noll, Alexis Pompili, Emilien Chapon, M. R. Di Domenico, Emanuele Usai, W. T. Lin, Dylan Hsu, Vittorio Raoul Tavolaro, I. O. Atakisi, E. Belchior Batista Das Chagas, M. L. Vesterbacka Olsson, Mia Tosi, Rahul Patel, D. Pérez Adán, T. Bose, L. Romero, P. A. Piroué, Raman Khurana, L. S. Durkin, Souvik Das, Aliya Nigamova, Alexandros Attikis, Gianni Masetti, Márton Bartók, Anne Dabrowski, Bryan Caraway, Erich Schmitz, Lutz Feld, Shahram Rahatlou, M. Teklishyn, P. Klabbers, Anup Kumar Sikdar, Bradley Cox, Christophe Royon, Maria Agnese Ciocci, Maria Florencia Canelli, Fabrizio Ferro, Thomas Ferbel, Elizabeth Sexton-Kennedy, Bobae Kim, Matthias Wolf, Inkyu Park, M. Ramirez-Garcia, Tai Sakuma, Paolo Ronchese, Badder Marzocchi, Stepan Obraztsov, F. Vazzoler, Shameena Bonomally, Genady Gavrilov, Marcus Hohlmann, Simone Scarfi, S. M. Silva Do Amaral, Anterpreet Kaur, Sharad Malik, Abraham Tishelman-Charny, Ang Li, Y. D. Kim, Byeonghak Ko, Carlos Florez, Stephen Wimpenny, Henning Flacher, Andrey Pozdnyakov, P. Rebello Teles, Amandeep Kaur Kalsi, Leonard Spiegel, Francesco Romeo, Robert Klanner, Yutaro Iiyama, Paolo Giacomelli, Mehmet Kaya, Andrea Benaglia, Intae Yu, Peter Fackeldey, Prashant Shukla, R. D. Field, André Rosowsky, Andrew Ivanov, Anna Elliott-Peisert, Vuko Brigljevic, Darin Acosta, Kristian Allan Hahn, Lucia Silvestris, David Taylor, B. Jayatilaka, Josry Metwally, Sanjay Kumar Swain, Marc M Baarmand, Changgi Huh, Anshul Kapoor, Nikolaos Manthos, Daniele Trocino, William Tabb, C. Neu, Thong Nguyen, Martin Grunewald, J. Piedra Gomez, Natalia Lychkovskaya, David Overton, Sang Il Pak, Timo Peltola, Michael Schmitt, Carlo Rovelli, Silvio Donato, Oliver Gutsche, Joachim Baechler, Ilaria Vai, Nicolas Postiau, Siqi Yuan, Marco Musich, S. Tkaczyk, David Stuart, Aran Garcia-Bellido, Debarati Roy, Furkan Dolek, Alice Mignerey, A. Benecke, Stefanos Leontsinis, Franco Ligabue, Michele Bianco, Antoine Lesauvage, Chayanit Asawatangtrakuldee, Oleg Prokofyev, Wolfram Erdmann, Alp Akpinar, Rajat Gupta, Ian Laflotte, C. Mills, Kenneth Long, Andrea Carlo Marini, Winston Ko, Alexander Tapper, W. E. Johns, I. De Bruyn, Reza Goldouzian, Mohd Nizam Yusli, Vivan Nguyen, Vyacheslav Krutelyov, Mara Senghi Soares, Serguei Ganjour, Jack King, Kuntal Mondal, Andreas Pfeiffer, Alessandra Cappati, Silvia Taroni, Maria Giulia Ratti, Deborah Pinna, Mariana Shopova, Eric Christian Chabert, Tejinder Virdee, Nicolò Tosi, Paraskevas Gianneios, M. Jones, Camilla Galloni, R. E. Sosa Ricardo, Oliver Pooth, I. Heredia-De La Cruz, P. E. Karchin, David Yu, Sandeep Bhowmik, Philip Keicher, Dimitrios Karasavvas, A. Kumar, P. D. Dauncey, A. Castro, Harry Cheung, Vladimir Epshteyn, Renato Potenza, Peter Schleper, Zhen Hu, W. Haj Ahmad, Georgy Antchev, Zoltan Laszlo Trocsanyi, J. Conway, D. Del Re, Vincent Lemaitre, K. Wichmann, P. Kyberd, Joshuha Thomas-Wilsker, Guenter Eckerlin, Armen Tumasyan, Darien Wood, Jyothsna Rani Komaragiri, Paula Eerola, Manoj Sharan, Vincenzo Daponte, Julia Thom, Finn Rebassoo, Ian Watson, Nicholas John Hadley, Jehad Mousa, Ioanna Papavergou, David Sperka, Gaelle Boudoul, Alexis Kalogeropoulos, D. Sunar Cerci, Jan Steggemann, Andrés Cabrera, Neeti Parashar, Nicholas Manganelli, Hyunyong Kim, Fabio Cossutti, Igor Katkov, Davide Fiorina, Paul Baillon, Artur Apresyan, Joachim Mnich, Andreas Mussgiller, Marc Besancon, C. Chen, Dinyar Rabady, Jee-Young Jasmine Choi, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, Klaus Rabbertz, Valerio Bertacchi, Sebastiano Albergo, Igor Lokhtin, Julie Malcles, Fengwangdong Zhang, A. Scribano, Karl Matthew Ecklund, Bennett Greenberg, A. Rizzi, Maral Alyari, Yi-ting Duh, Boris Grynyov, Malgorzata Kazana, C. E. Flores, X. Janssen, Rui Xiao, Kevin Burkett, Ibrahim Soner Zorbakir, V. Bunichev, Maciej Malawski, Xin Chen, Teresa Rodrigo, Zachary Lesko, Gabriella Pugliese, Shengquan Tuo, Abhigyan Dasgupta, Biagio Rossi, Kirill Skovpen, Leonid Sukhikh, Oz Amram, A. Richards, Kevin Lannon, G. Della Ricca, Fotios Ptochos, Riccardo Bellan, Younes Otarid, Guenakh Mitselmakher, J. A. Brochero Cifuentes, Simone Bologna, S. Orfanelli, Suresh C Tonwar, Sylvie Braibant-Giacomelli, Jeffrey Roskes, Kalliopi Manitara, Claudio Grandi, Jordan Damgov, D. Di Croce, H. Van Haevermaet, Peter Hansen, Kisung Lee, Sam Harper, Francisco Garcia, Basile Vermassen, K. De Leo, Jay Mathew Lawhorn, Claude Amsler, S. Roy Chowdhury, Andrea Bellora, Laurent Favart, A. A. Abdelalim, Cristian Pena, J. G. Branson, Georg Steinbrück, Thomas Reis, Martin Lipinski, Frank Würthwein, David Vannerom, Angela Taliercio, Manas Maity, Alexi Mestvirishvili, Ulrich Goerlach, Shuichi Kunori, Ilia Zhizhin, Giuseppe Iaselli, Vincenzo Mastrapasqua, Joze Zobec, Massimo Casarsa, Steve Nahn, Wren Vetens, Marco Meschini, Paolo Capiluppi, Frigyes Nemes, James Rohlf, Carlos Avila, Ricardo Eusebi, Günther Dissertori, Yi Chen, Teresa Lenz, Mayda Velasco, M. Melo De Almeida, Duje Giljanovic, Melanie Eich, Anna Macchiolo, Sherif Elgammal, Marguerite Tonjes, David Mark Raymond, E. O. Olaiya, Laurent Mirabito, Barbara Clerbaux, Christophe Delaere, Georgi Sultanov, Evan Wolfe, Kevin Stenson, C. Mora Herrera, Irene Zoi, Cristina Tuve, R. G. Kellogg, Alexander Pauls, J. Kaspar, Alex Kamenev, Victor Kim, Willem Verbeke, Armando Lanaro, Daniel Bloch, Mohamed Rashad Darwish, B. Singh, M. Mohammadi Najafabadi, Charles Harrington, Emil Sørensen Bols, Panja-Riina Luukka, Roberto Salerno, Vivek Sharma, Giuseppe Benedetto Cerati, Borislav Pavlov, Vladimir Karjavine, Csaba Hajdu, Emyr Clement, C. Fallon, Stavros Mallios, James D. Olsen, N. V. Krasnikov, M. G. Albrow, Deepak Kumar, J. S. Lange, Mario Maggi, Alexander Morton, Scarlet Norberg, Olga Kodolova, Ram Krishna Dewanjee, Bora Isildak, Walaa Elmetenawee, Mario Masciovecchio, Huilin Qu, Ahmad Lotfy, Daniel Winterbottom, James Letts, L. Viliani, Troy Mulholland, Seungkyu Ha, S. Y. Hoh, F. L. Fabbri, Daniele Fasanella, N. Cavallo, Po-Hsun Chen, Stefano Mersi, Mykyta Haranko, Tom A. Williams, Cristina Mantilla, D. Green, Sema Zahid, D. Y. Wang, Sergei Gleyzer, Ana Ovcharova, Andrea Venturi, M. Khakzad, Rino Castaldi, Brian Dorney, Mariarosaria D'Alfonso, Mario Galanti, Zoltan Szillasi, Jussi Viinikainen, Edoardo Bossini, Andrey Uzunian, E. Asilar, Christopher Palmer, Alice Bean, Balazs Ujvari, Margaret Eminizer, Andrea Piccinelli, S. Belforte, Nabarun Dev, Johan Borg, A. Bermúdez Martínez, Min Suk Kim, Gregor Kasieczka, Y. Chao, Andrea Massironi, Piotr Traczyk, Xudong Lyu, Francesco Navarria, Sotiroulla Konstantinou, Christopher George Tully, Alexander Belyaev, Claudio Campagnari, Stephanie Brandt, R. Mankel, Wolfgang Lohmann, Filip Moortgat, Vinzenz Stampf, Konstantinos Kousouris, Joshua Bendavid, Nicanor Colino, Patrick Asenov, M. Weber, Aruna Nayak, J. H. Yoo, Gervasio Gomez, A. Delgado Peris, Vinay Hegde, Saptaparna Bhattacharya, David Zou, Finn Feindt, Andrey Korytov, Nairit Sur, P. Chang, Eduardo De Moraes Gregores, Ashfaq Ahmad, Ashim Roy, Andre Frankenthal, Timothy Koeth, Jan Krolikowski, Luiz Mundim, C.-E. Wulz, Duccio Abbaneo, Matteo Bonanomi, Elizabeth Locci, Cristina Biino, Limin Wang, Gabriele Benelli, Somnath Choudhury, Stephanie Kwan, Alexander Bylinkin, D. Kim, Daniel Teyssier, Victor Perelygin, Manisha Lohan, Alessandra Fanfani, J. Duarte Campderros, Andrew Askew, R. L. Lander, Nicholas Menendez, M. Olmedo Negrete, L. V. Kardapoltsev, Amitabh Lath, Angela Mehta, Miao Hu, E. Ayala, Wajid Ali Khan, Inna Kucher, Ivan Ovtin, C. Martinez Rivero, Giorgio Apollinari, Jelena Mijuskovic, M. A. Shah, F. Pandolfi, Teruki Kamon, James Buchanan, Matej Roguljic, Maxim Pieters, Federica Legger, Tuure Tuuva, M. Medina Jaime, Ulrich Heintz, M. Kovac, Bjorn Burkle, Margaret Zientek, Unki Yang, N. Vanegas Arbelaez, Federico Siviero, Erhan Gülmez, Kaori Maeshima, Aurelijus Rinkevicius, Prasant Kumar Rout, Martin Erdmann, Ozgun Kara, Daniel Gastler, Riccardo Paramatti, Andrea Giammanco, Priyanka Kumari, Andrew Wisecarver, Patricia McBride, Krzysztof Doroba, Alain Givernaud, Seth Moortgat, P. Sphicas, W. A. T. Wan Abdullah, Jamal Rorie, Jason Gilmore, Dylan Rankin, Andrew Brinkerhoff, Thomas Ferguson, Muhammad Waqas, Marco Paganoni, Izaak Neutelings, Don Lincoln, Predrag Milenovic, Li Yuan, Peter R Hobson, Kin Ho Lo, W. De Boer, Jose Flix, J. R. González Fernández, Jory Sonneveld, Hafeez R Hoorani, Alessandro Cardini, Daniel John Karmgard, Manfred Jeitler, Didier Contardo, Owen Baron, Vladislav Shalaev, Steve Schnetzer, Saranya Ghosh, Daniel Diaz, Klaas Padeken, Renato Campanini, Sudarshan Paramesvaran, Victor Daniel Elvira, Qianming Huang, Rosamaria Venditti, Bilal Kiani, Alexander Snigirev, F. Hartmann, Stephane Cooperstein, S. Ragazzi, Roland Koppenhöfer, Karl Gill, Melissa Quinnan, Yacine Haddad, S. Sanchez Cruz, Lucas Corcodilos, Antonin Kveton, Mauro Menichelli, A. Da Rold, Luca Perniè, Roland Horisberger, Carlos Lourenco, Georgios Mavromanolakis, Najaf Amin, A. Braghieri, T. Sarkar, Michele Arneodo, Garvita Agarwal, A. Ellithi Kamel, Luca Perrozzi, Kevin Sung, Ka Tung Lau, Leonid Didukh, S. Luo, Brieuc Francois, Thomas Madlener, Konstanty Sumorok, Maria Savina, Christopher Rogan, A. Pérez-Calero Yzquierdo, Nicolas Chanon, S. Lo Meo, Camelia Mironov, Valentina Avati, Adel Terkulov, Caglar Zorbilmez, Anton Petrov, Rudy Ceccarelli, P. C. Tiwari, Emrah Tiras, Toyoko Orimoto, Benedikt Vormwald, Ilknur Hos, Bolek Wyslouch, J. N. Butler, Paolo Lariccia, Dmitry Sosnov, Maria Spiropulu, Christian Dorfer, Matthew Herndon, Elisa Fontanesi, Vasilije Perovic, Thomas James, Sevgi Tekten, Chad Freer, Stefan Piperov, Jovan Milosevic, Vitaliano Ciulli, Apostolos Panagiotou, Benjamin Kilminster, Benjamin Fischer, Aniello Spiezia, Christopher West, Jonas Roemer, Isabel Ojalvo, Youn Roh, Barry Blumenfeld, T. V. Dimova, Rachel Yohay, J. K. Lim, F. Simonetto, Sergio P Ratti, Sunil Dogra, Frank Chlebana, Giovanni Organtini, Alessia Saggio, Paolo Spagnolo, P. Gras, Claudio Quaranta, Lindsey Gray, Derek James Cranshaw, Alberto Belloni, Piet Verwilligen, Jan Eysermans, Attilio Santocchia, Jean Fay, A. B. Meyer, Nicolò Trevisani, Dirk Krücker, Gianluca Cerminara, Peter Robmann, Tiziano Camporesi, Brent Stone, Louise Skinnari, Vito Palladino, Nural Akchurin, Hannu Siikonen, Frank Jensen, Marco Bozzo, Martina Malberti, Jay Dittmann, Pawan Kumar Netrakanti, Evgueni Tcherniaev, K. A. Ulmer, Vitalii Okhotnikov, Petar Adzic, Charis Kleio Koraka, Maria Margherita Obertino, Muhammad Gul, P. Van Mulders, Michele Gallinaro, P. H. Butler, Tommaso Isidori, Peter Wittich, Valentin Sulimov, Francesco Fabozzi, Michal Olszewski, Stefaan Tavernier, Diego Ciangottini, David Petyt, Uttiya Sarkar, Hans Rykaczewski, Y. J. Mao, Chiara Mariotti, Marco Monteno, Ohannes Kamer Köseyan, Alexey Volkov, Alessio Boletti, Jie Zhang, Francesca Romana Cavallo, Viktor Savrin, Mitchell Wayne, Karol Bunkowski, Tanvi Wamorkar, Eshwen Bhal, Giorgio Maggi, Sadia Khalil, S. Van Putte, Stefan Grünendahl, Diogo Bastos, Robert Schöfbeck, Gabriel Madigan, Philip Harris, D. Matos Figueiredo, Noemi Beni, K. S. Lee, M. Della Negra, Maria Isabel Josa, M. Tadel, Eva Halkiadakis, Frank Glege, Andrea Perrotta, R. Di Maria, Jose Monroy, Fuqiang Wang, Sergey Polikarpov, Justin Pilot, Petr Moisenz, David Ja Cockerill, Wolfgang Lange, Erik Gottschalk, Andrea Delgado, Duncan Leggat, S. Kaplan, Joscha Knolle, Wolfgang Funk, James Hirschauer, Nimantha Perera, Christopher Brainerd, Mykola Savitskyi, Valeria Botta, M. De Palma, V. Monaco, Francesco Moscatelli, Vladimir Popov, Otman Charaf, S. Afanasiev, J. Mejia Guisao, A. Álvarez Fernández, R. Kumar Verma, and Y-J Lee
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Muon, Photon, Luminosity (scattering theory), Proton, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Electroweak interaction, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Pseudorapidity, 0103 physical sciences, Effective field theory, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Rapidity, 010306 general physics
Abstract: A first observation is presented for the electroweak production of a W boson, a photon, and two jets in proton-proton collisions. The W boson decays are selected by requiring one identified electron or muon and an imbalance in transverse momentum. The two jets are required to have a high dijet mass and a large separation in pseudorapidity. The measurement is based on data collected with the CMS detector at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb−1 . The observed (expected) significance for this process is 4.9 (4.6) standard deviations. After combining with previously reported CMS results at 8 TeV, the observed (expected) significance is 5.3 (4.8) standard deviations. The cross section for the electroweak Wγjj production in a restricted fiducial region is measured as 20.4±4.5fb and the total cross section for Wγ production in association with 2 jets in the same fiducial region is 108±16fb . All results are in good agreement with recent theoretical predictions. Constraints are placed on anomalous quartic gauge couplings in terms of dimension-8 effective field theory operators.
Published: 2020

117. Metallkomplexe als Antikrebsmittel

Author: Fritz E. Kühn and Andrea Schmidt
Subjects: 010405 organic chemistry, General Chemistry, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences
Abstract: Seit 1978 wird Cisplatin weltweit als Chemotherapeutikum gegen Krebs eingesetzt. Neben den entwickelten Resistenzen leiden Krebspatienten dabei jedoch an starken Nebenwirkungen. In der Tumorforschung wurden verschiedene Strategien entwickelt, um die Schattenseiten des Platinkomplexes zu beseitigen. Bereits Platinkomplexe der zweiten Generation weisen geringere Nebenwirkungen auf. Metallorganische Komplexe und Koordinationsverbindungen mit unterschiedlichen Metallen zielen sowohl auf das klassische Zielmolekul DNS als auch auf in Krebszellen uberexprimierte Proteine und Enzyme ab. Bestimmte Wirkstofftransportsysteme werden spezifisch in Tumorgewebe angereichert und Antikrebsmittel konnen somit gezielt in Krebszellen wirken.
Published: 2016

118. Functions of flavonoids in the central nervous system: Astrocytes as targets for natural compounds

Author: Isadora Matias, Andrea Schmidt Buosi, and Flávia Carvalho Alcantara Gomes
Subjects: Central Nervous System, 0301 basic medicine, Nervous system, Central nervous system, Biology, Synapse, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Drug Delivery Systems, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Animals, Humans, heterocyclic compounds, Flavonoids, Biological Products, fungi, food and beverages, Cell Biology, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Astrocytes, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Function (biology), Astrocyte
Abstract: In the last decade, there have been major advances in the understanding of the role of glial cells as key elements in the formation, maintenance and refinement of synapses. Recently, the discovery of natural compounds capable of modulating nervous system function has revealed new perspectives on the restoration of the injured brain. Among these compounds, flavonoids stand out as molecules easily obtainable in the diet that have remarkable effects on cognitive performance and behavior. Nevertheless, little is known about the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the actions of flavonoids in the nervous system. The present review presents recent advances in the effects of natural compounds, particularly flavonoids, in the nervous system. We shed light on astrocytes as targets of flavonoids and discuss how this interaction might contribute to the effects of flavonoids on neuronal survival, differentiation and function. Finally, we discuss how the effects of flavonoids on astrocytes might contribute to the development of alternative therapeutic approaches to the treatment of neural diseases.
Published: 2016

119. Krypton Derivatization of an O 2 ‐Tolerant Membrane‐Bound [NiFe] Hydrogenase Reveals a Hydrophobic Tunnel Network for Gas Transport

Author: David von Stetten, Philippe Carpentier, Stefan Frielingsdorf, Peter van der Linden, Jacqueline Kalms, Oliver Lenz, Andrea Schmidt, and Patrick Scheerer
Subjects: Models, Molecular, 0301 basic medicine, Hydrogenase, Hydrogen, Protein Conformation, chemistry.chemical_element, Nanotechnology, Crystal structure, Electron, Crystallography, X-Ray, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Heterolysis, Catalysis, 03 medical and health sciences, Catalytic Domain, biology, Krypton, Active site, General Chemistry, 0104 chemical sciences, Oxygen, 030104 developmental biology, Structural biology, chemistry, Chemical physics, biology.protein, Cupriavidus necator, Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions, Oxidation-Reduction
Abstract: [NiFe] hydrogenases are metalloenzymes catalyzing the reversible heterolytic cleavage of hydrogen into protons and electrons. Gas tunnels make the deeply buried active site accessible to substrates and inhibitors. Understanding the architecture and function of the tunnels is pivotal to modulating the feature of O2 tolerance in a subgroup of these [NiFe] hydrogenases, as they are interesting for developments in renewable energy technologies. Here we describe the crystal structure of the O2 -tolerant membrane-bound [NiFe] hydrogenase of Ralstonia eutropha (ReMBH), using krypton-pressurized crystals. The positions of the krypton atoms allow a comprehensive description of the tunnel network within the enzyme. A detailed overview of tunnel sizes, lengths, and routes is presented from tunnel calculations. A comparison of the ReMBH tunnel characteristics with crystal structures of other O2 -tolerant and O2 -sensitive [NiFe] hydrogenases revealed considerable differences in tunnel size and quantity between the two groups, which might be related to the striking feature of O2 tolerance.
Published: 2016

120. Ein Netzwerk aus hydrophoben Tunneln zum Transport gasförmiger Reaktanten in einer O 2 ‐toleranten, membrangebundenen [NiFe]‐ Hydrogenase, aufgedeckt durch Derivatisierung mit Krypton

Author: Peter van der Linden, David von Stetten, Philippe Carpentier, Oliver Lenz, Andrea Schmidt, Patrick Scheerer, Jacqueline Kalms, and Stefan Frielingsdorf
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, General Medicine, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences
Abstract: [NiFe]-Hydrogenasen katalysieren die reversible heterolytische Spaltung von Wasserstoff in Protonen und Elektronen. Das tief im Protein liegende aktive Zentrum wird dabei von gasformigen Substraten und Inhibitoren uber Tunnel erreicht. Hier wird die Proteinstruktur der O2-toleranten, membrangebundenen [NiFe]-Hydrogenase von Ralstonia eutropha (ReMBH) anhand von Proteinkristallen beschrieben, die mit Krypton derivatisiert wurden. Die Positionen der Kryptonatome ermoglichen eine umfassende Beschreibung des Gastunnelnetzwerks. Eine detaillierte Ubersicht von Grose, Lange und Route der Tunnel wurde mithilfe von Rechnungen erstellt. Vergleicht man die Tunneleigenschaften der ReMBH mit Kristallstrukturen anderer O2-toleranter und O2-sensitiver [NiFe]-Hydrogenasen hinsichtlich der Grose und Anzahl der hydrophoben Gastunnel, ergeben sich wesentliche Unterschiede zwischen beiden Gruppen. Einige sind womoglich auf die bemerkenswerte Eigenschaft der Sauerstofftoleranz zuruckzufuhren.
Published: 2016

121. Evaluation of New Palladium Cages as Potential Delivery Systems for the Anticancer Drug Cisplatin

Author: Fritz E. Kühn, Alexander Pöthig, Viviana Molano, Andrea Schmidt, Angela Casini, Manuela Hollering, Biopharmaceuticals, Discovery, Design and Delivery (BDDD), and Nanomedicine & Drug Targeting
Subjects: Organoplatinum Compounds, DNA-BINDING, cisplatin, Antineoplastic Agents, Pharmacology, INTRACELLULAR RELEASE, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, TOXICITY, PRODRUGS, Catalysis, Drug Delivery Systems, Cell Line, Tumor, Organometallic Compounds, Fluorescence microscope, medicine, Animals, Humans, Cytotoxic T cell, ENCAPSULATION, COORDINATION CAGE, Biological Phenomena, Cisplatin, 010405 organic chemistry, Chemistry, metallocages, Organic Chemistry, self-assembly, General Chemistry, Prodrug, palladium, In vitro, Rats, 0104 chemical sciences, METALLACYCLES, drug delivery, Drug delivery, Toxicity, POTENCY, Female, COMPLEXES, LIGANDS, Ex vivo, medicine.drug
Abstract: Self-assembled metallocages are very promising drug-delivery systems among supramolecular complexes. Thus, exo-functionalized Pd2L4 (L=ligand) cages were synthesized and characterized, and the encapsulation of the anticancer drug cisplatin in their cavity has been documented. The antiproliferative effects of the metallocages and their combination with cisplatin were examined in vitro in cancer cell lines, while fluorescence microscopy was used to monitor their uptake. Notably, the hydroxymethyl-functionalized Pd-II cage encapsulating cisplatin showed improved cytotoxic effect against human ovarian cancer cells compared to free cisplatin. The toxicity of Pd2L4 cages was evaluated for the first time ex vivo in healthy rat-liver tissues using the precision cut-tissue slices technology, demonstrating in some cases scarce effects on liver viability. These results further highlight the potential of self-assembled Pd2L4 cages for biological applications.
Published: 2016

122. Abstract LB-082: In vivo efficacy and pharmacodynamic analysis of RTX-321, an engineered allogeneic artificial antigen presenting red cell therapeutic

Author: Douglas C. McLaughlin, Shamael R. Dastagir, Andrea Schmidt, Mellissa J. Nixon, Jennifer Mellen, Tom Wickham, Viral Amin, Albert Lee, Chris Carpenter, Xuqing Zhang, Mengyao Luo, Tiffany F. Chen, Annie Khamhoung, and Christopher L. Moore
Subjects: Cancer Research, Adoptive cell transfer, biology, business.industry, Cell, T-cell receptor, Cancer, Spleen, Major histocompatibility complex, medicine.disease, medicine.anatomical_structure, Oncology, Antigen, MHC class I, biology.protein, medicine, Cancer research, business
Abstract: Human papilloma virus (HPV)-infection is strongly associated with the risk of cancer, with the high-risk strain HPV16 accounting for ~80% of head and neck cancers. HPV16+ malignancies remain a critical area of high unmet need for new and innovative treatment options. To address this, Rubius Therapeutics has genetically engineered red cells to create an allogeneic artificial antigen-presenting cell (RCT-aAPC) for the potential treatment of HPV16+ cancers. RTX-321 is engineered to express an HPV16 antigen bound to MHC I, 4-1BBL and IL-12 on the cell surface to mimic T cell-APC interactions. RTX-321 is designed to activate and expand tumor-specific T cells present within the patient, bypassing the dependence on host APCs typically required for cancer vaccines and eliminating the need for manufacturing patient-derived T cells as with CAR-T therapies. Previously, a surrogate murine red cell (mRBC-321) with surface conjugated murine MHC I-OVA, 4-1BBL and IL-12 demonstrated in vivo tumor killing in an antigen-specific tumor model (EG7.OVA) with adoptive cell transfer of naïve OT1 cells. We now demonstrate through confocal live cell imaging a direct and tight interaction between mRBC-321 and activated OT1 cells. In addition, mRBC-321 preferentially accumulates in the spleen, directly interacting with OT1 cells, which induces activation and eventual expansion of OT1 cells in the spleen. TCR-sequencing in this tumor model reveals increased TCR clonality (p=0.02) in tumors treated with mRBC-321, accompanied by tumor growth inhibition (TGI) compared to controls, indicating an antigen-specific tumor response. Ongoing analysis will examine TCR diversity in the blood during tumor re-challenge (EG7.OVA or parental EL4) in cured mice to determine the degree of immunological memory and epitope spreading induced by mRBC-321. Follow-up efficacy studies were conducted without OT1 transfer to evaluate endogenous antigen-specific T cells in mediating TGI. Mice treated with mRBC-321 showed significant TGI (p Citation Format: Mellissa Joy Nixon, Xuqing Zhang, Albert Lee, Mengyao Luo, Annie Khamhoung, Andrea Schmidt, Douglas McLaughlin, Shamael R. Dastagir, Viral Amin, Chris Moore, Jennifer Mellen, Chris Carpenter, Tom Wickham, Tiffany Chen. In vivo efficacy and pharmacodynamic analysis of RTX-321, an engineered allogeneic artificial antigen presenting red cell therapeutic [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-082.
Published: 2020

123. One-dimensional theory and simulations of the dynamic Z-pinch

Author: A. Link, J. R. Angus, and Andrea Schmidt
Subjects: Physics, Dense plasma focus, Plasma, Radius, Mechanics, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, Shock (mechanics), Piston, law, Z-pinch, 0103 physical sciences, Magnetohydrodynamic drive, 010306 general physics, Adiabatic process
Abstract: The dynamical formation of a Z-pinch in the strong-shock limit is studied in this paper using one-dimensional (1D) simulations of a two-temperature magnetohydrodynamic model. The classic 1D picture consists of three stages: run-in, reflected-shock, and expansion. The special case of a constant current I and uniform gas fill, which are approximate conditions of the pinch-formation stage in a dense plasma focus, is examined in detail. Time-profiles for the shock-front and piston positions during the run-in stage are compared with some of the commonly used 0D models from the literature. Some practical improvements to these models are presented here and it is shown that this model gives the best agreement with results from the simulations. Maximum compression of the plasma is achieved when the reflected shock from the axis meets the incoming current layer. The ratio of the plasma radius at this time with respect to its initial radius is found from the simulations to be r p / R ≈ 1 / 8 using 5/3 for the adiabatic coefficient γ. The pressure and temperature of the compressed plasma are found to peak a short time after maximum compression due to the inability of the reflected shock to completely stagnate the incoming plasma driven by the converging current layer. The variation of the results with a finite dI/dt and for different values of γ is presented.
Published: 2020

124. Conflictos por la valoración de humedales en ámbitos urbanos. La cuenca Matanza Riachuelo, Argentina

Author: Mariana Andrea Schmidt
Subjects: conflitos ambientais, media_common.quotation_subject, Matanza Riachuelo basin, Geography, Planning and Development, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 0507 social and economic geography, Declaration, Argentina, Legislation, 02 engineering and technology, reservas naturais urbanas, cuenca Matanza Riachuelo, Urban groups. The city. Urban sociology, Goods and services, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), State (polity), City planning, media_common, Nature reserve, environmental conflicts, bacia Matanza-Riachuelo, serviços ecossistêmicos, 05 social sciences, HT101-395, 021107 urban & regional planning, urban nature reserves, Metropolitan area, Urban Studies, Geography, Economy, HT165.5-169.9, servicios ecosistémicos, 71 Urbanismo y arte paisajístico / Landscaping and area planning, conflictos ambientales, reservas naturales urbanas, ecosystem services, 050703 geography
Abstract: En el marco del despliegue de emprendimientos productivos, inmobiliarios, de infraestructura y servicios sobre territorios de extrema fragilidad ambiental ha comenzado a demandarse y promoverse la creación de áreas protegidas en ámbitos urbanos. La Cuenca Matanza Riachuelo (CMR), uno de los territorios más densamente urbanizados e históricamente contaminados en Argentina, cuenta con una serie de reservas naturales, declaradas como tal en respuesta a demandas impulsadas por organizaciones locales, organizaciones no gubernamentales y organismos estatales. A partir de la realización de entrevistas a profundidad, y del análisis de informes producidos por organismos estatales y organizaciones locales, legislación y otras fuentes documentales, este artículo se detiene en los conflictos y controversias acerca de los modos diferenciales de valoración, y usufructo de los bienes y servicios provistos por estos ecosistemas en la Región Metropolitana de Buenos Aires. In the framework of real state, infrastructure, production, and public utility projects being deployed in areas of extreme environmental fragility, the creation of protected zones in urban areas has started to be demanded and fostered. The Matanza-Riachuelo basin, one of the most densely urbanized and historically contaminated territories in Argentina, holds a set of nature reserves which declaration as such came as a result of demands put forward by local organizations, non-governmental organizations, and public bodies. Through in-depth interviews as well as the analysis of reports produced by public bodies and local organizations, legislation and other documentary sources, this article examines the debates and conflicts around the different ways of appraisal and usufruct of the goods and services that those ecosystems provide for in the Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires. No âmbito do desenvolvimento de empreendimentos produtivos, imobiliários, de infraestrutura e serviços em territórios de extrema fragilidade ambiental, começou-se a demandar e promover a criação de áreas protegidas em espaços urbanos. A Bacia Matanza-Riachuelo, um dos locais mais densamente urbanizados e historicamente poluídos na Argentina, conta no seu interior com uma série de reservas naturais, declaradas como resultado de demandas impulsionadas por organizações locais, organizações não governamentais e organismos estatais. Depois da realização de profundas entrevistas e da análise de informes produzidos por organismos estatais e organizações locais, legislações e outras fontes documentais, nos detemos nos debates e controvérsias sobre os diferentes modos de valoração e usufruto dos bens e serviços prestados por esses ecossistemas na Região Metropolitana de Buenos Aires.
Published: 2018

125. Measurements of temporally- and spatially-resolved neutron production in a sheared-flow stabilized Z-pinch

Author: E.G. Forbes, Harry McLean, C. M. Cooper, Uri Shumlak, A.D. Stepanov, Yue Zhang, L. A. Bernstein, Brian Nelson, Z. T. Draper, James Mitrani, Drew Higginson, R.P. Golingo, E.L. Claveau, Andrea Schmidt, T.R. Weber, and Jonathan T. Morrell
Subjects: 010302 applied physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Thermonuclear fusion, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Neutron emission, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Detector, Plasma, Scintillator, 01 natural sciences, Optics, Physics::Plasma Physics, Z-pinch, 0103 physical sciences, Neutron, Fuze, 010306 general physics, business, Instrumentation
Abstract: A novel approach using multiple scintillator detectors is applied to measure temporally- and spatially-resolved neutron production in the Fusion Z-pinch Experiment (FuZE) device, a Sheared-Flow Stabilized (SFS) Z-pinch. Diagnosing neutron production from FuZE is important for determining if fusion is thermonuclear and whether the FuZE device can be scaled toward reactor conditions. Absolute yields of up to 2 × 10 5 neutrons per discharge are measured with calibrated plastic scintillator detectors operating in pulse-counting mode. Neutron emission durations of up to ∼ 8 μ s are inferred by recording the time difference between the first and last pulses for each discharge. Multiple scintillator detectors located at different positions with respect to the fusing plasma are used to demonstrate that the axial extent of the neutron producing region is comparable to the device volume. Scintillator detectors are well-suited as neutron diagnostics for FuZE and other plasma devices with similar yields and emission durations. Increasing the neutron yield, duration, and volume of the neutron emitting region within the plasma column are significant experimental objectives for FuZE.
Published: 2019

126. Benchmarking of a checklist for the identification of familial risk for breast and ovarian cancers in a prospective cohort

Author: Eric Hahnen, Martin Hellmich, Dirk Crommelinck, Andrea Schmidt, Hans-Joachim Bücker-Nott, Simone Wesselmann, Wolfgang Meinerz, Kunibert Latos, Daniela Rezek, Beyhan Ataseven, Rita K. Schmutzler, Manuela Seifert, Kerstin Rhiem, Ulrich Groh, Christine Dittmer-Grabowski, Volker Pelzer, and Holger Fischer
Subjects: Oncology, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Genetic counseling, Breast Neoplasms, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Germline mutation, Breast cancer, Internal medicine, Germany, Internal Medicine, medicine, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Prospective cohort study, Medical History Taking, Genetic testing, BRCA2 Protein, Ovarian Neoplasms, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, BRCA1 Protein, Incidence (epidemiology), Incidence, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Checklist, Benchmarking, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Mutation, Surgery, Identification (biology), Female, business
Abstract: The detection of deleterious germline mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 considerably influences the clinical management of healthy and diseased carriers. Therefore, the identification of persons at risk who could uptake genetic counseling and testing is pivotal. We developed a checklist with validated criteria to improve the identification, and prospectively evaluate the incidence, of familial cancer history in 5091 breast cancer patients. The rate of 30.4% of patients at high genetic risk underpins the demand for care in risk identification and counseling. The easy-to-use instrument promotes the implementation and dissemination of risk counseling by physicians.
Published: 2018

127. ¿Cuál es la situación de la Ley de Bosques en la Región Chaqueña a diez años de su sanción? Revisando su pasado para discutir su futuro

Author: Mariana Andrea Schmidt, Lorenzo Langbehn, Matías E. Mastrangelo, Lucas Seghezzo, Marcos Texeira, José Norberto Volante, Gabriela Merlinsky, Santiago R. Verón, José M. Paruelo, Miguel Marcelo Brassiolo, Clara E. Mosso, Sebastián Aguiar, María Vallejos, Daniel Cáceres, Luciana Staiano, Lucía Ciuffoli, Gonzalo H. Camba Sans, and María Agustina García Collazo
Subjects: bosque nativo, equidad, Forests, Legislación, EQUIDAD, lcsh:Environmental sciences, efectividad, lcsh:GE1-350, Ecology, purl.org/becyt/ford/5 [https], ZONIFICACIÓN, EFFECTIVENESS, Bosques, Ordenación Territorial, Otras Agricultura, Silvicultura y Pesca, NATIVE FOREST, zonificación, Primary Forests, EQUITY, CHACO, LEGITIMIDAD, Legislation, Argentina, BOSQUES NATIVOS, bosques nativos, LEY DE BOSQUES, purl.org/becyt/ford/5.4 [https], chaco, OTBN, CIENCIAS SOCIALES, Otras Sociología, lcsh:QH540-549.5, ordenamiento territorial, Región Chaqueña, argentina, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Bosque Primario, ORDENAMIENTO TERRITORIAL, legitimidad, CIENCIAS AGRÍCOLAS, LEGITIMACY, purl.org/becyt/ford/4.1 [https], ZONATION, lcsh:Ecology, LAND USE PLANNING, otbn, EFECTIVIDAD, Agricultura, Silvicultura y Pesca, Sociología, purl.org/becyt/ford/4 [https]
Abstract: En un complejo escenario ambiental, productivo y socioeconómico, el 28 de noviembre de 2007 fue sancionada en Argentina la Ley Nacional Nº 26.331 de “Presupuestos Mínimos de Protección Ambiental de los Bosques Nativos" (conocida como "Ley de bosques") con el propósito de proteger los bosques nativos a escala nacional. En este artículo nos proponemos realizar una síntesis crítica de la información disponible acerca de esta ley a diez años de su sanción, con una aproximación que toma en cuenta aspectos ambientales, económicos y sociales. Caracterizamos el desempeño de esta ley en la Región Chaqueña en cuanto a diferentes dimensiones, identificamos sus principales desafíos y describimos una serie de propuestas que desde el sector de Ciencia y Técnica pueden contribuir a su (re)diseño e implementación en el contexto de las actualizaciones de los Ordenamientos Territoriales de Bosques Nativos provinciales. Para ello, integramos información disponible proveniente de distintas fuentes, tales como normativas (nacionales y provinciales), literatura científica, informes de organismos estatales y de ONG y artículos periodísticos. La Ley de Bosques instaló en la opinión pública de nuestro país la problemática vinculada a la pérdida de bosques nativos y se ha posicionado como el principal instrumento de política forestal nacional para su protección. Si bien hubo una reducción en las tasas de deforestación en la región Chaqueña, no existen evidencias certeras de que esta reducción se deba a su aplicación. La Ley de Bosques en la Región Chaqueña presenta una serie de desafíos para mejorar su desempeño en cuanto a su efectividad, equidad y legitimidad social. En este trabajo se presentan diez observaciones que emergen de la revisión realizada. Por otro lado, se esbozan una serie de propuestas de investigación y acción en torno a la ley vinculadas a esas observaciones. In a complex environmental, productive and socioeconomic scenario, on November 28th, 2007, the National Act N°26.331 of “Minimum Standards for the Environmental Protection of Native Forests” (known as the “Forest Law”) was sanctioned in Argentina with the purpose of protecting native forests at the national scale. In this article, we aim to critically synthesize the available information about this law ten years after its sanction from an approach that takes into account environmental, economic and social aspects. In particular, we characterize the performance of this law in the Chaco Region in different dimensions, identify its main challenges and describe a series of proposals that from the science and technology sector can contribute to its (re)design and implementation in the context of the revisions of the Provincial Native Forest Land Use Planning Programs. In order to accomplish these objectives, we integrated information available from different sources, such as laws and regulations (national and provincial), scientific literature, reports from government agencies and NGOs and newspaper articles. The Forest Law installed in the public opinion of our country the problems related to the loss of native forests and has positioned itself as the main national instrument for forest conservation. Although deforestation rates lowered in the Chaco Region, there is no clear evidence that this reduction was due to its application. The Forest Law in the Chaco Region presents a series of challenges to improve its performance in terms of its effectiveness, equity and social legitimacy. In this paper, we present ten observations that emerge from the review carried out. On the other hand, linked to these observations, we outline a series of research and action proposals for enhancing the performance of the law. EEA Balcarce Fil: Aguiar, Sebastián. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura; Argentina Fil: Mastrangelo, Matias Enrique. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Grupo de Estudio de Agroecosistemas y Paisajes Rurales; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina Fil: García Collazo, María A. Ministerio de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sustentable de la Nación. Dirección Nacional de Bosques; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Métodos Cuantitativos y Sistemas de Información; Argentina Fil: Camba Sans, Gonzalo H. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Métodos Cuantitativos y Sistemas de Información; Argentina Fil: Mosso, Clara E. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Licenciatura en Ciencias Ambientales; Argentina Fil: Ciuffoli, Lucía. Ministerio de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sustentable de la Nación. Dirección Nacional de Bosques; Argentina. Fil: Schmidt, Mariana. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Instituto de Investigaciones Gino Germani. Grupo de Estudios Ambientales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Vallejos, María. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Métodos Cuantitativos y Sistemas de Información; Argentina Fil: Langbehn, Lorenzo. Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Facultad de Humanidades, Ciencias Sociales y de la Salud; Argentina Fil: Brassiolo, Miguel. Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Facultad de Ciencias Forestales; Argentina Fil: Cáceres, Daniel. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Merlinsky, Gabriela. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Instituto de Investigaciones Gino Germani. Grupo de Estudios Ambientales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Paruelo, José María. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Métodos Cuantitativos y Sistemas de Información; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias. INIA La Estanzuela; Uruguay Fil: Seghezzo, Lucas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Salta. Instituto de Investigaciones en Energía no Convencional. Universidad Nacional de Salta. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Departamento de Física. Instituto de Investigaciones en Energía no Convencional; Argentina Fil: Staiano, Luciana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Métodos Cuantitativos y Sistemas de Información; Argentina Fil: Texeira González, Marcos Alexis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Métodos Cuantitativos y Sistemas de Información; Argentina Fil: Volante, Jose Norberto. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Salta; Argentina Fil: Veron, Santiago Ramón. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Clima y Agua; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Métodos Cuantitativos y Sistemas de Información; Argentina
Published: 2018

128. Sustained Neutrons Production from a Sheared-Flow Stablizied Z-Pinch

Author: Drew Higginson, A.D. Stepanov, Uri Shumlak, Brian Nelson, Harry McLean, K. Tummel, E.G. Forbes, A. Link, R.P. Golingo, J.M. Mitrani, Andrea Schmidt, C. M. Cooper, Y. Zhang, E.L. Claveau, and T.R. Weber
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Materials science, Deuterium, Physics::Plasma Physics, Plasma parameters, Coincident, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Z-pinch, Pinch, Neutron, Plasma, Temperature measurement
Abstract: The sheared-flow stabilized Z-pinch has demonstrated long-lived plasmas with fusion-relevant plasma parameters. Experimental demonstration of sustained neutron production from the Fusion Z-pinch Experiments (FuZE) at the University of Washington, operated with a 20% deuterium mixture, has been reported. Neutron emissions lasting ~5 us are reproducibly observed with peak pinch currents of ~200 kA. The lower limit on the yield is estimated to be 106 neutrons/pulse. Coincident with peak neutron signal, plasma temperatures of 2 keV, and densities of 1017 cm-3 with 3 mm radii are measured with fully integrated diagnostics. Details of the experiment setup, diagnostics, and experimental results will be presented.
Published: 2018

129. Development of the tectum in Gymnophiones, with comparison to other amphibians

Author: Andrea, Schmidt and Marvalee H, Wake
Abstract: Tectal development in a number of caecilian (Gymnophiona: Amphibia) species was examined and compared with that in frogs and salamanders. The caecilian optic tectum develops along the same rostrocaudal and lateromedial gradients as those of frogs and salamanders. However, differences exist in the time course of development. Our data suggest that, as in salamanders, simplification of morphological complexity in caecilians is due to a retardation or loss of late developmental stages. Differences in the time course of development (heterochrony) among different caecilian species are correlated with phylogenetic history as well as with variation in life histories. The most pronounced differences in development occur between the directly developing Hypogeophis rostratus and all other species examined. In this species, the increase in the degree of morphological complexity is greatly accelerated. J. Morphol. 236:233-246, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Published: 2018

130. Cellular migration and morphological complexity in the caecilian brain

Author: Andrea, Schmidt and Marvalee H, Wake
Abstract: The morphology of the tectum mesencephali and the medial pallium is studied in species representing the six families of caecilians (Amphibia: Gymnophiona) in order to determine whether differences in brain morphology are related to function, phylogenetic history, or life history strategies. In general, the caecilian tectum is characterized by simplification in having little to no lamination and few migrated cells. The degree of morphological complexity differs between species and between brain regions. Our data suggest that changes in brain morphology are due to a mosaic of different influences. We did not find a strict correlation between visual system reduction and tectal morphologies. However, phylogenetic effects exist. The greatest degree of morphological complexity is found in members of the Rhinatrematidae, a family that is considered basal to the lineage. Thus, simplification of brain morphology in caecilians must be considered a secondary or derived rather than a primitive feature. Direct development and miniaturization are correlated with the greatest simplification in the tectum mesencephali and medial pallium. There is a relationship between differences in brain morphology and heterochrony in caecilians, as in other amphibians. J. Morphol. 231:11-27, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Published: 2018

131. [In process]

Author: Andrea, Schmidt-Rumposch
Subjects: Berlin, Hospitals, University, Personnel Administration, Hospital, National Health Programs, Cost Savings, Personnel Staffing and Scheduling, Humans, Hospital Costs, Nursing Staff, Hospital
Published: 2018

132. [Dacryoendoscopic Surgery-Factors Influencing Postoperative Results]

Author: Anna, Völkerling, Hans-Gert, Struck, Kathleen S, Kunert, Andrea, Schmidt-Pokrzywniak, Miltiadis, Fiorentzis, Arne, Viestenz, and Jens, Heichel
Subjects: Adult, Aged, 80 and over, Male, Reoperation, Adolescent, Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases, Endoscopy, Middle Aged, Dacryocystitis, Young Adult, Postoperative Complications, Treatment Outcome, Patient Satisfaction, Lacrimal Duct Obstruction, Surveys and Questionnaires, Humans, Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures, Female, Dacryocystorhinostomy, Aged, Follow-Up Studies, Retrospective Studies
Abstract: Dacryoendoscopy (DE) is an established method in lacrimal surgery. Long-term follow-up-analyses of this surgery are of great interest. Here, factors influencing postoperative success rates should be considered to elect suitable patients.In this retrospective study, patients having had dacryoendoscopic surgery were included. Using a questionnaire, a prospective follow-up analysis was made. Pre- and intraoperative factors were correlated with treatment success, which was defined as improved epiphora, absence of a second lacrimal surgery and no signs of chronic dacryocystitis (secretion, pain at the lacrimal sac). Additionally, we asked for patient's satisfaction with the postoperative result (categorized in "very good", "good", "poor", and "bad").Overall, 215 DE of 182 patients (130 women, 52 men) were studied. Mean patient age was 58 ± 17 years (range: 18 to 91 years). Follow-up was 31 to 77 months (median: 55 months). Treatment success after this time was 59.1%, in which neither patient's age nor sex showed significant influences. In comparison to complete stenosis, incomplete obstruction could be treated successfully twice as often (p = 0.02). Patients suffering from ectatic lacrimal sacs had a risk of 1.9 for failing therapy (p = 0.01). A trend concerning worse cure rates could be observed in patients with postsaccal localization of stenosis (p = 0.2) and an age of older than 49 years (p = 0.1). Surgical results evaluated by the patients were "very good" in 32.1% and "good" in 30.2%.Dacryoendoscopy with its minimally invasive approach is suitable as a first-step procedure in lacrimal surgery. The absence of a scar and the quick recovery are vitally important for the patients. Medically important is that the topographic anatomy is preserved by using dacryoendoscopy, so other surgical techniques can be performed later without limitations, if necessary. Patients with incomplete obstructions and a localization of stenosis, being pre- to intrasaccal, profit from this treatment method in particular.Die Dakryoendoskopie (DE) gilt als etablierte Methode der minimalinvasiven Tränenwegschirurgie. Langzeituntersuchungen zum Behandlungserfolg dieser Therapiemethode sind von großer Bedeutung. Hierbei sollten Einflussfaktoren auf das postoperative Ergebnis Berücksichtigung finden, um eine angepasste Patientenauswahl im Vorfeld der Behandlung treffen zu können.Es fand eine Auswertung des Patientenguts in Form einer retrospektiven Studie statt. Anhand eines festgelegten Fragebogens erfolgte prospektiv eine Follow-up-Analyse. Prä- und intraoperative Einflussfaktoren wurden mit dem Behandlungserfolg korreliert. Dieser definierte sich durch eine deutlich gebesserte oder fehlende Epiphora, das Fehlen einer erneuten tränenwegschirurgischen Operation und die Freiheit von Zeichen einer chronischen Dakryozystitis (Sekretion, Schmerzen in der Tränensackregion). Zusätzlich wurde die subjektive Zufriedenheit der Patienten mit dem Ergebnis der Operation erfragt (kategorisiert in „sehr gut“, „gut“, „unzureichend“ und „schlecht“).Insgesamt wurden 215 DE von 182 Patienten (130 Frauen, 52 Männer) in die Follow-up-Analyse eingeschlossen. Das Durchschnittsalter betrug 58 ± 17 Jahre (Altersspanne: 18 bis 91 Jahre). Die Nachbeobachtungszeit lag bei 31 bis 77 Monaten (Median: 55 Monate). Der Behandlungserfolg betrug im Nachbeobachtungszeitraum 59,1%, wobei weder Patientenalter noch Geschlecht Einfluss nahmen. Im Vergleich zu absoluten Stenosen ist der Operationserfolg bei relativen Stenosen doppelt so hoch (p = 0,02). Eine Tränensackektasie führt mit einem 1,9-fach erhöhten Risiko zum Misserfolg (p = 0,01). Es bestand ein Trend zu schlechteren Heilungsraten bei postsakkaler Stenosenlokalisation (p = 0,2) und einem Patientenalter von mehr als 49 Jahren (p = 0,1). Das Ergebnis der Operation wurde in 32,1% mit „sehr gut“ und in 30,2% mit „gut“ bewertet.Die DE eignet sich mit ihrem minimalinvasiven Vorgehen als „first-step procedure“. Das Ausbleiben einer Narbe und die schnelle Genesung sind für Patienten von starker Bedeutung. Medizinisch bedeutsam ist, dass die topografische Anatomie erhalten bleibt und somit alle Therapieoptionen im Falle erneut notwendiger Operationen bewahrt werden. Patienten mit relativen Stenosen und prä- bis intrasakkaler Lokalisation profitieren in besonderem Maße von dieser Art der Intervention.
Published: 2018

133. Cyberbullying in Hungary

Author: Balint Neray, Katalin Parti, and Andrea Schmidt
Subjects: Gossip, media_common.quotation_subject, Sample (material), Psychology, Social psychology, Reputation, media_common
Abstract: With regard to cyberbullying, 33.4% of all participating students reported being involved in cyberbullying at least once or twice, and 2.8% more than twice in the previous 4 months (63.8% never bullied anybody online). With regard to cybervictimization, 31.1% of all participating students reported being involved in cybervictimization at least once or twice, and 2.6% more than twice in the previous 4 months (66.3% never was a cybervictim). Overall frequency analysis showed that the most common cyberbullying types in our sample were sending mean, cruel, or threatening messages online to someone they know (flaming: 32.3%), followed by denigration (putting down someone online by sending or posting cruel gossip, rumours, or other harmful material: 6.0%), exclusion (helping to exclude someone from an online group: 5.9%), outing (sharing someone’s personal secrets or images online without permission: 4.7%) and impersonation (creation of a fake profile to send or post materials to damage someone’s reputation or friendships: 2.8%).
Published: 2018

134. Structural snapshot of a bacterial phytochrome in its functional intermediate state

Author: Bilal M. Qureshi, David Buhrke, Tammo Stevens, Francisco Velazquez Escobar, Patrick Scheerer, Dennis Kwiatkowski, Tilman Lamparter, Peter Hildebrandt, Norbert Krauß, Andrea Schmidt, Luisa Sauthof, Michal Szczepek, Norbert Michael, David von Stetten, Maria Fernandez Lopez, Maria Andrea Mroginski, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Technische Universität Berlin (TU), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), and Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
Subjects: Life sciences, biology, 0301 basic medicine, MODULE, STRUCTURE VALIDATION, Protein Conformation, Science, SPECTRAL PROPERTIES, Resonance Raman spectroscopy, General Physics and Astronomy, Agrobacterium, PROTEIN, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Protein structure, ddc:570, REVEALS, CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE, lcsh:Science, Structural motif, Protein secondary structure, PHOTOCONVERSION, chemistry.chemical_classification, Multidisciplinary, Phytochrome, [SDV.BBM.BS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Structural Biology [q-bio.BM], Chemistry, CHROMOPHORE, fungi, Structure validation, General Chemistry, Chromophore, AGROBACTERIUM-TUMEFACIENS, Amino acid, 030104 developmental biology, Biophysics, lcsh:Q, PFR STATE
Abstract: Phytochromes are modular photoreceptors of plants, bacteria and fungi that use light as a source of information to regulate fundamental physiological processes. Interconversion between the active and inactive states is accomplished by a photoinduced reaction sequence which couples the sensor with the output module. However, the underlying molecular mechanism is yet not fully understood due to the lack of structural data of functionally relevant intermediate states. Here we report the crystal structure of a Meta-F intermediate state of an Agp2 variant from Agrobacterium fabrum. This intermediate, the identity of which was verified by resonance Raman spectroscopy, was formed by irradiation of the parent Pfr state and displays significant reorientations of almost all amino acids surrounding the chromophore. Structural comparisons allow identifying structural motifs that might serve as conformational switch for initiating the functional secondary structure change that is linked to the (de-)activation of these photoreceptors., Phytochromes are photoreceptors that are present in plants, bacteria and fungi. Here the authors present crystal structures of the phytochrome Agp2 from Agrobacterium fabrum in the parent Pfr state as well as a functional Meta-F intermediate and discuss mechanistic implications for photoconversion.
Published: 2018

135. Tracking the route of molecular oxygen in O-2-tolerant membrane-bound [NiFe] hydrogenase

Author: Jacqueline Kalms, Andrea Schmidt, Stefan Frielingsdorf, Tillmann Utesch, Guillaume Gotthard, David von Stetten, Peter van der Linden, Antoine Royant, Maria Andrea Mroginski, Philippe Carpentier, Oliver Lenz, Patrick Scheerer, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Institut für Chemie und Biochemie [Berlin], Freie Universität Berlin, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), Institut de biologie structurale (IBS - UMR 5075 ), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux (LCBM - UMR 5249), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), and Charite, AG Prot Xray Crystallog, Inst Med Phys & Biophys CC2, D-10117 Berlin, Germany
Subjects: STRUCTURE VALIDATION, PROTEINS, metalloproteins, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], EUTROPHA H16, 010402 general chemistry, Crystallography, X-Ray, 01 natural sciences, Bacterial Proteins, Hydrogenase, Catalytic Domain, CCP4 SUITE, CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE, X-ray crystallography, crystal derivatization, AMMONIA CHANNEL, Multidisciplinary, Binding Sites, oxygen-tolerant [NiFe] hydrogenase, 010405 organic chemistry, ACTIVE-SITE, Cell Membrane, iron–sulfur cluster, Biological Sciences, 3. Good health, 0104 chemical sciences, O-2, Oxygen, Biophysics and Computational Biology, PNAS Plus, GAS-DIFFUSION, Cupriavidus necator, ACCESS, Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions
Abstract: Significance Tracking the route of substrates, intermediates, and inhibitors in proteins is fundamental in understanding their specific function. However, following the route of gases like molecular oxygen within enzymes has always been challenging. In protein X-ray crystallography, gases can be mimicked using krypton or xenon (with a higher electron count); however, these have a different physical behavior compared to true substrates/inhibitors. In our crystal structure of the O2-tolerant membrane-bound [NiFe] hydrogenase (MBH) from Ralstonia eutropha, we were able to show the direct path of molecular oxygen between the enzyme exterior and the active site with the “soak-and-freeze” derivatization method. This technique might be useful to detect O2 traveling routes in many other enzymes., [NiFe] hydrogenases catalyze the reversible splitting of H2 into protons and electrons at a deeply buried active site. The catalytic center can be accessed by gas molecules through a hydrophobic tunnel network. While most [NiFe] hydrogenases are inactivated by O2, a small subgroup, including the membrane-bound [NiFe] hydrogenase (MBH) of Ralstonia eutropha, is able to overcome aerobic inactivation by catalytic reduction of O2 to water. This O2 tolerance relies on a special [4Fe3S] cluster that is capable of releasing two electrons upon O2 attack. Here, the O2 accessibility of the MBH gas tunnel network has been probed experimentally using a “soak-and-freeze” derivatization method, accompanied by protein X-ray crystallography and computational studies. This combined approach revealed several sites of O2 molecules within a hydrophobic tunnel network leading, via two tunnel entrances, to the catalytic center of MBH. The corresponding site occupancies were related to the O2 concentrations used for MBH crystal derivatization. The examination of the O2-derivatized data furthermore uncovered two unexpected structural alterations at the [4Fe3S] cluster, which might be related to the O2 tolerance of the enzyme.
Published: 2018

136. Reappraisal of a 2 cm cut-off size for the management of cystic pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms: A multicenter international study

Author: Laura Maggino, Andrea Schmidt, André Käding, Sofia Westermark, Mustapha Adham, Eugene Ceppa, Massimo Falconi, Carlos Fernandez-del Castillo, Luca Landoni, Charles Vollmer, Christopher L. Wolfgang, Malin Sund, and Sebastien Gaujoux
Subjects: Hepatology, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Gastroenterology
Published: 2019

137. Challenges of the Illiberal Democracy in Hungary. Some Aspects to the 2018 Elections

Author: Andrea, Schmidt, primary
Published: 2018
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138. Molecular architecture of the ribosome‐bound Hepatitis C Virus internal ribosomal entry site <scp>RNA</scp>

Author: Christian M. T. Spahn, Kaori Yamamoto, Marianne Collier, Thiemo Sprink, Patrick Scheerer, Hiroshi Yamamoto, Jörg Bürger, Peter W. Hildebrand, Marylena Dabrowski, Jochen Ismer, T. Hilal, Justus Loerke, Andrea Schmidt, Tanvir R. Shaikh, and Thorsten Mielke
Subjects: Molecular Sequence Data, 5.8S ribosomal RNA, Internal Ribosome Entry Sites, Biology, Ribosome, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Eukaryotic translation, Eukaryotic initiation factor, Ribosome Subunits, Humans, Initiation factor, Amino Acid Sequence, Molecular Biology, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Base Sequence, General Immunology and Microbiology, General Neuroscience, fungi, 030302 biochemistry & molecular biology, Articles, Hepatitis C, Virology, 3. Good health, Cell biology, Molecular Docking Simulation, Internal ribosome entry site, RNA, Viral, Eukaryotic Ribosome, Protein Binding
Abstract: Internal ribosomal entry sites (IRESs) are structured cis ‐acting RNAs that drive an alternative, cap‐independent translation initiation pathway. They are used by many viruses to hijack the translational machinery of the host cell. IRESs facilitate translation initiation by recruiting and actively manipulating the eukaryotic ribosome using only a subset of canonical initiation factor and IRES transacting factors. Here we present cryo‐EM reconstructions of the ribosome 80S‐ and 40S‐bound Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) IRES. The presence of four subpopulations for the 80S•HCV IRES complex reveals dynamic conformational modes of the complex. At a global resolution of 3.9 A for the most stable complex, a derived atomic model reveals a complex fold of the IRES RNA and molecular details of its interaction with the ribosome. The comparison of obtained structures explains how a modular architecture facilitates mRNA loading and tRNA binding to the P‐site. This information provides the structural foundation for understanding the mechanism of HCV IRES RNA‐driven translation initiation.
Published: 2015

139. Behandlung kindlicher Tränenwegsstenosen

Author: Andrea Schmidt-Pokrzywniak, Jens Heichel, T. Bredehorn-Mayr, U. Stuhlträger, F. Bachner, and Hans-Gert Struck
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Odds ratio, Logistic regression, medicine.disease, Confidence interval, Surgery, Ophthalmology, medicine, Intubation, Local anesthesia, Congenital lacrimal duct obstruction, Family history, Prospective cohort study, business
Abstract: Background Pressurized probing and irrigation is the method of choice for congenital lacrimal duct obstruction after conservative therapeutic strategies have failed. The aim of this study was to evaluate age dependence and success rates of different therapeutic options. Material and methods A prospective cohort study of children with congenital lacrimal duct obstruction was performed. All children treated during the period between May 2009 and June 2010 were included. Surgical success was defined as the absence of epiphora and mucous discharge for a postoperative follow-up of 3 months. Odds ratios (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) of different variables were estimated using logistic regression. Results A total of 111 children (137 eyes) underwent treatment for congenital lacrimal duct obstruction. The mean age of the children was 7.7 months (range 1-30 months). The success rate of probing under local anesthesia was 85.5 % (n = 100). Probing under general anesthesia without intubation of the lacrimal pathway was successful in 28.6 % (n = 2). Treatment under general anesthesia with intubation of the lacrimal pathway had a success rate of 94.2 %. If the primary treatment was complicated the OR was 1.9 (95 % CI: 0.7-5.1), for males the OR was 1.7 (95 % CI: 0.8-3.5) and in cases of a positive family history the OR was 1.5 (95 % CI: 0.7-3.3). With every increasing month of age the risk not to be treated successfully increased (OR: 1.3, 95 % CI: 1.2-1.5). Conclusion Syringing under local anesthesia is an effective therapy. The highest success rates were found at the ages of 1-6 months. Therapy with additional silicone tube intubation was highly successful.
Published: 2015

140. Vacuolar SNARE Protein Transmembrane Domains Serve as Nonspecific Membrane Anchors with Unequal Roles in Lipid Mixing

Author: Andreas Mayer, Andrea Schmidt, Yann Desfougères, Lydie Michaillat, and Michel Pieren
Subjects: Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins, Zipper, C-terminus, Membrane lipids, Lipid bilayer fusion, Vacuole fusion, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Cell Biology, Biology, Membrane Fusion, Biochemistry, Transmembrane protein, Protein Structure, Tertiary, Cell biology, Membrane Lipids, Transmembrane domain, Protein structure, Membrane Biology, Vacuoles, biological phenomena, cell phenomena, and immunity, SNARE Proteins, Molecular Biology
Abstract: Membrane fusion is induced by SNARE complexes that are anchored in both fusion partners. SNAREs zipper up from the N to C terminus bringing the two membranes into close apposition. Their transmembrane domains (TMDs) might be mere anchoring devices, deforming bilayers by mechanical force. Structural studies suggested that TMDs might also perturb lipid structure by undergoing conformational transitions or by zipping up into the bilayer. Here, we tested this latter hypothesis, which predicts that the activity of SNAREs should depend on the primary sequence of their TMDs. We replaced the TMDs of all vacuolar SNAREs (Nyv1, Vam3, and Vti1) by a lipid anchor, by a TMD from a protein unrelated to the membrane fusion machinery, or by artificial leucine-valine sequences. Individual exchange of the native SNARE TMDs against an unrelated transmembrane anchor or an artificial leucine-valine sequence yielded normal fusion activities. Fusion activity was also preserved upon pairwise exchange of the TMDs against unrelated peptides, which eliminates the possibility for specific TMD-TMD interactions. Thus, a specific primary sequence or zippering beyond the SNARE domains is not a prerequisite for fusion. Lipid-anchored Vti1 was fully active, and lipid-anchored Nyv1 permitted the reaction to proceed up to hemifusion, and lipid-anchored Vam3 interfered already before hemifusion. The unequal contribution of proteinaceous TMDs on Vam3 and Nyv1 suggests that Q- and R-SNAREs might make different contributions to the hemifusion intermediate and the opening of the fusion pore. Furthermore, our data support the view that SNARE TMDs serve as nonspecific membrane anchors in vacuole fusion.
Published: 2015
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141. Flavonoid Hesperidin Induces Synapse Formation and Improves Memory Performance through the Astrocytic TGF-β1

Author: Flávia Carvalho Alcantara Gomes, Isadora Matias, Andrea Schmidt Buosi, Luan Pereira Diniz, Gilda Neves, and Joice Stipursky
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Aging, Cognitive Neuroscience, Hippocampal formation, Biology, Neuroprotection, lcsh:RC321-571, memory, Synapse, 03 medical and health sciences, Hesperidin, chemistry.chemical_compound, astrocyte, 0302 clinical medicine, hesperidin, synapse, In vivo, TGF-β1, medicine, lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, Original Research, In vitro, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, chemistry, flavonoids, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Function (biology), Astrocyte
Abstract: Synapse formation and function are critical events for the brain function and cognition. Astrocytes are active participants in the control of synapses during development and adulthood, but the mechanisms underlying astrocyte synaptogenic potential only began to be better understood recently. Currently, new drugs and molecules, including the flavonoids, have been studied as therapeutic alternatives for modulation of cognitive processes in physiological and pathological conditions. However, the cellular targets and mechanisms of actions of flavonoids remain poorly elucidated. In the present study, we investigated the effects of hesperidin on memory and its cellular and molecular targets in vivo and in vitro, by using a short-term protocol of treatment. The novel object recognition test (NOR) was used to evaluate memory performance of mice intraperitoneally treated with hesperidin 30 min before the training and again before the test phase. The direct effects of hesperidin on synapses and astrocytes were also investigated using in vitro approaches. Here, we described hesperidin as a new drug able to improve memory in healthy adult mice by two main mechanisms: directly, by inducing synapse formation and function between hippocampal and cortical neurons; and indirectly, by enhancing the synaptogenic ability of cortical astrocytes mainly due to increased secretion of transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) by these cells. Our data reinforces the known neuroprotective effect of hesperidin and, by the first time, characterizes its synaptogenic action on the central nervous system (CNS), pointing astrocytes and TGF-β1 signaling as new cellular and molecular targets of hesperidin. Our work provides not only new data regarding flavonoid’s actions on the CNS but also shed light on possible new therapeutic alternative based on astrocyte biology.
Published: 2017

142. Development of Dense Plasma Foci as Advanced Neutron Sources at LLNL

Author: Brian Shaw, Alex Povilus, Steve Falabella, E. Koh, Andrea Schmidt, S. Chapman, C. M. Cooper, and Yuri Podpaly
Subjects: Particle acceleration, Thermonuclear fusion, Materials science, Dense plasma focus, Nuclear engineering, Pinch, Implosion, Neutron source, Neutron, Plasma railgun
Abstract: The dense plasma focus (DPF) is a z-pinch device that starts as a coaxial plasma railgun and ends in an implosion phase. DPF's historically were developed as thermonuclear devices. When used with deuterium and tritium gases a DPF can be used to produce neutrons; however, in operation, DPF's often suffered from inconsistent behavior, and the mechanisms driving the neutron production were poorly understood. Using kinetic modeling techniques recently developed at LLNL, we have gained insight into the mechanisms that lead to particle acceleration in the pinch region and can make informed design decisions for optimizing DPF behavior, from sub-kilojoule to mega-joule scale devices. Experimental DPF platforms at LLNL also serve to validate the behaviors seen in simulations and improve device performance with a view towards increased neutron generation, enhanced reproducibility, and decreased size and energy requirements.
Published: 2017

143. Kinetic simulations of breakdown and sheath formation in a dense plasma focus device

Author: J. R. Angus, Andrea Schmidt, A. Link, and Drew Higginson
Subjects: Debye sheath, Materials science, Dense plasma focus, chemistry.chemical_element, Implosion, Insulator (electricity), Plasma, symbols.namesake, chemistry, Physics::Plasma Physics, Ionization, Pinch, symbols, Atomic physics, Helium
Abstract: A dense plasma focus (DPF) device is a type of plasma gun that drives current through a set of gas/plasma-filled coaxiallike electrodes that JxB pushes the ambient gas downstream and causes it to implode on axis to form a Z-pinch. This implosion drives hydrodynamic and kinetic instabilities that generate strong electric fields, which produces a short intense pulse of x-rays, high-energy $( \gt;100$ keV) electrons and ions, and (in deuterium and helium gases) neutrons. Practically all simulation efforts to date ignore the breakdown stage and assume that the entire gas-filled device turns into a fully ionized plasma instantaneously. However, simulations have shown that the pinch performance can be sensitive to the structure of the plasma sheath during rundown, which, in turn, can be sensitive to breakdown physics. In this work, we present results of an effort to model the breakdown stage and sheath formation using the particle-in-cell (PIC) code LSP. Helium and deuterium gases with pressures in the 1–10Torr range and peak-applied voltages of 20–36kV are considered. Breakdown is observed to occur in the experiments over times scales on the order of 10–100ns. In these parameter regimes, field emission from the cathode, possibly aided by insulator physics, seems to be what causes the gas to break down. Using different field-emission models, the sensitivity of things such as whether or not breakdown occurs, the time scale for breakdown to occur, and the nature of the sheath formation are studied.
Published: 2017

144. Fully Kinetic Modeling of Dense Plasma Foci From Kilo- to Mega-Amp Devices

Author: A. Voronin, Sheng Jiang, K. Tummel, M. McMahon, Andrea Schmidt, A. Link, I. Holod, J. Sears, J. X. Liu, Drew Higginson, J. R. Angus, A. Y. Pankin, and C. Kueny
Subjects: Materials science, Dense plasma focus, Physics::Plasma Physics, Nuclear engineering, Electric field, Pinch, Implosion, Neutron source, Plasma, Anode, Ion
Abstract: Dense plasma focus (DPF) devices use co-axial electrodes to drive kA to MA of current through a Z-pinch plasma implosion. As the plasma implodes, kinetic instabilities [1] in the pinch create MV/cm electric fields that accelerate particles to high-energy (>100 keV). By using deuterium or tritium as a fill gas, a short (few ns), high-intensity neutron source is generated. The goal of our group a LLNL is to simulate and understand the core physics of these devices so that we can optimize them for a variety of applications. For instance, some devices are constrained based on their size and power usage, e.g., to fit into an oil-logging well, while still producing a sizeable neutron yield. Other devices must to be optimized to produce the highest possible neutron yield (up to 1014 per pulse) when power constraints are of little concern. In order to meet such requirements, we investigate a variety of techniques using high-fidelity simulations with the kinetic code LSP: – Shaping the interior anode in a way to promote instability growth and reduce asymmetries. – Adding a periodic gas jet to increase the neutron yield and reliability of ion acceleration. – Increasing the density of the fill gas to produce a higherdensity pinch, thus creating a better “target” for the accelerated ions. – Reversing the electrode polarity to investigate its role in electric field generation and subsequent ion generation.
Published: 2017

145. Geoeconomics in Central and Eastern Europe

Author: Andrea Schmidt and Zoltán Gál
Subjects: Economics, Geoeconomics, International economics, Foreign direct investment
Published: 2017

146. Synthesis and characterization of novel cyclopentadienyl molybdenum imidazo[1,5-a]pyridine-3-ylidene complexes and their application in olefin epoxidation catalysis

Author: Nidhi Grover, Fritz E. Kühn, Alexander Pöthig, Lilian Graser, Andrea Schmidt, Teresa K. Zimmermann, and Mirza Cokoja
Subjects: Olefin fiber, Homogeneous catalysis, Medicinal chemistry, Catalysis, chemistry.chemical_compound, Transmetalation, chemistry, Cyclopentadienyl complex, Pyridine, Ionic liquid, Organic chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Carbene
Abstract: Two novel cyclopentadienyl molybdenum complexes [CpMo(CO) 2(ImPyMes)Cl] (1) (ImPyMes = 2-mesitylimidazo[1,5-a]pyridine-3-ylidene) and [CpMo(CO)2(ImPyMes)(NCCH3)]BF4 (2 ) were employed as pre-catalysts in olefin epoxidation catalysis using tert-butylhydroperoxide (TBHP) as oxidant. Turnover frequencies (TOFs) of 40,900 h−1 (0.005 mol% 1) and 53,100 h−1 (0.01 mol% 2) were achieved in cis-cyclooctene epoxidation in CHCl3 at 55 °C, outperforming most previously reported Mo epoxidation catalysts. The synthesis of 1 proceeds via the silver carbene transmetallation route in 90% yield, and further treatment of 1 with AgBF4 in CH3CN leads to the ionic complex 2 in 87% yield. Even at very low pre-catalyst concentrations, quantitative cis-cyclooctene conversion with high selectivity is achieved. Furthermore, epoxidation of more challenging substrates results in good conversions and recycling experiments in room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) [C8mim]NTf2 (C8mim = 1-methyl-3-octylimidazolium, NTf2 = bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide) shows reusability of 1 in catalytic epoxidation for several runs without loss of activity.
Published: 2014

147. Agreement of different methods for assessing sleep characteristics: a comparison of two actigraphs, wrist and hip placement, and self-report with polysomnography

Author: Ingo Fietze, Beate Koch, Thomas Penzel, Andreas Stang, Jan W. Kantelhardt, Frank Pillmann, Anne Obst, Melanie Zinkhan, Sabrina Hense, Peter Young, Svenja Happe, Andrea Schmidt-Pokrzywniak, Alexander Kluttig, Klaus Berger, Wolfgang Ahrens, and Maren Nagel
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Polysomnography, Population, Medizin, Wrist, Young Adult, Predictive Value of Tests, medicine, Humans, education, Aged, education.field_of_study, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Actigraphy, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Confidence interval, medicine.anatomical_structure, Predictive value of tests, Physical therapy, Female, Self Report, Sleep onset latency, Sleep onset, business
Abstract: Objective To assess the agreement of sleep parameters measured by two actigraphs (SOMNOwatch plus ® , ActiGraph GT3X+ ® ) at two different placements (wrist, hip) and of self-reported sleep with polysomnography (PSG). Methods We estimated agreement with PSG for total sleep time (TST), sleep onset latency (SOL), wake after sleep onset (WASO), number of awakenings after sleep onset (NASO), and sleep efficiency (SE%) for 100 participants of the general population, aged 18–75 years by judging mean differences to PSG and intervals of agreement using Bland–Altman plots. Results Mean difference to PSG for TST was 8.3 min (95% confidence intervals [CI] −7.4; 24.1) for SOMNOwatch plus ® (wrist), 39.8 min (95% CI 24.3; 55.3) for self-report, −79.0 min (95% CI −89.0; −68.9) for SOMNOwatch plus ® (hip), and −81.1 min (95% CI −91.9; −70.4) for GT3X+ ® (hip), respectively. The width of intervals of agreement differed with the placement of the devices. Mean differences to PSG were higher for hip-based measurements compared with wrist placement for most parameters. Conclusions Agreement of sleep parameters assessed by actigraphy with PSG differs with the placement of the device and is limited for hip-based measurements. Agreement of self-report with PSG is comparable to that of actigraphy for some parameters.
Published: 2014

148. Self-assembled M2L4 coordination cages

Author: Angela Casini, Fritz E. Kuehn, and Andrea Schmidt
Subjects: Denticity, Metal ions in aqueous solution, Supramolecular chemistry, Nanotechnology, Host-guest interaction, Inorganic Chemistry, METAL-ORGANIC FRAMEWORKS, Molecular recognition, Materials Chemistry, ANTHRACENE SHELLS, Molecule, RATIONAL DESIGN, CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Metal ion, Chemistry, Ligand, TETRAGONAL PRISMS, SUPRAMOLECULAR CAGE, Self-assembly, Combinatorial chemistry, Cage compound, INTERLOCKED METALLOHELICATE, CLUSTER FORMATION, Anion encapsulation, Metal-organic framework, MOLECULAR ARCHITECTURES, ENCAPSULATED ANIONS
Abstract: Metal-mediated self-assemblies of the general formula MxLy (M = metal ion, L = ligand) have emerged as a promising research area of supramolecular chemistry because of their applicability in various fields such as molecular recognition, catalysis and drug delivery. The focus of this review is on discrete coordination cages of the type M2L4 using square-planar, square-pyramidal or octahedral coordinated metal ions (e.g. Pd, Pt, Co, Cu, Ni or Zn) and bis(monodentate) N-ligands. The synthesis and characterization of these metallocages is discussed, and special attention is given to the molecular structures with well-defined internal cavities and the molecular recognition properties. The self-assembled M2L4 cages are capable to encapsulate anionic, neutral or cationic guest molecules within their cavity. Therefore, some of these M2L4 host guest systems are certainly promising for application in medical diagnostic, drug delivery, catalytic reactions, environmental analytics, material science and chemosensing. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Published: 2014

149. Reversible [4Fe-3S] cluster morphing in an O2-tolerant [NiFe] hydrogenase

Author: Stefan Frielingsdorf, Yvonne Rippers, Martin Kaupp, Friedhelm Lendzian, Christian Teutloff, Julia Löwenstein, Mathias Hammer, Robert Bittl, Patrick Scheerer, Johannes Fritsch, Tina Jaenicke, Bärbel Friedrich, Vladimir Pelmenschikov, Jacqueline Kalms, Oliver Lenz, Andrea Schmidt, Peter Hildebrandt, Ingo Zebger, and Elisabeth Siebert
Subjects: Iron-Sulfur Proteins, Models, Molecular, Hydrogenase, biology, 010405 organic chemistry, Stereochemistry, Chemistry, Cell Biology, Ligands, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Catalysis, Cofactor, 3. Good health, 0104 chemical sciences, Oxygen, Morphing, Crystallography, Cluster (physics), biology.protein, NiFe hydrogenase, Oxidation-Reduction, Molecular Biology, Hydrogen
Abstract: Hydrogenases catalyze the reversible oxidation of H(2) into protons and electrons and are usually readily inactivated by O(2). However, a subgroup of the [NiFe] hydrogenases, including the membrane-bound [NiFe] hydrogenase from Ralstonia eutropha, has evolved remarkable tolerance toward O(2) that enables their host organisms to utilize H(2) as an energy source at high O(2). This feature is crucially based on a unique six cysteine-coordinated [4Fe-3S] cluster located close to the catalytic center, whose properties were investigated in this study using a multidisciplinary approach. The [4Fe-3S] cluster undergoes redox-dependent reversible transformations, namely iron swapping between a sulfide and a peptide amide N. Moreover, our investigations unraveled the redox-dependent and reversible occurence of an oxygen ligand located at a different iron. This ligand is hydrogen bonded to a conserved histidine that is essential for H(2) oxidation at high O(2). We propose that these transformations, reminiscent of those of the P-cluster of nitrogenase, enable the consecutive transfer of two electrons within a physiological potential range.
Published: 2014

150. Coupled synthesis and translocation restrains polyphosphate to acidocalcisome-like vacuoles and prevents its toxicity

Author: Andreas Mayer, Andrea Schmidt, Shruti Sharma, Yann Desfougères, and Rūta Gerasimaitė
Subjects: Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins, Time Factors, Vesicular Transport Proteins, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Vacuole, Biology, Membrane Potentials, Cytosol, Polyphosphates, Yeast vacuole, Inorganic polyphosphate, VTC complex, Acidocalcisome, Catalytic Domain, Organelle, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, neoplasms, Biological Transport, pathological conditions, signs and symptoms, Cell Biology, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Translocon, digestive system diseases, Transmembrane protein, Acid Anhydride Hydrolases, Protein Structure, Tertiary, Transmembrane domain, surgical procedures, operative, Biochemistry, Chaperone (protein), Mutation, Vacuoles, biology.protein, Molecular Chaperones
Abstract: Eukaryotes contain inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) and acidocalcisomes, which sequester polyP and store amino acids and divalent cations. Why polyP is sequestered in dedicated organelles is not known. We show that polyP produced in the cytosol of yeast becomes toxic. Reconstitution of polyP translocation with purified vacuoles, the acidocalcisomes of yeast, shows that cytosolic polyP cannot be imported, whereas polyP produced by the vacuolar transporter chaperone (VTC) complex, an endogenous vacuolar polyP polymerase, is efficiently imported and does not interfere with growth. PolyP synthesis and import require an electrochemical gradient, probably as a driving force for polyP translocation. VTC exposes its catalytic domain to the cytosol and carries nine vacuolar transmembrane domains. Mutations in the VTC transmembrane regions, which are likely to constitute the translocation channel, block not only polyP translocation but also synthesis. Given that they are far from the cytosolic catalytic domain of VTC, this suggests that the VTC complex obligatorily couples synthesis of polyP to its import in order to avoid toxic intermediates in the cytosol. Sequestration of otherwise toxic polyP might be one reason for the existence of acidocalcisomes in eukaryotes.
Published: 2014
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