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A content analysis of the editorial pages of the Birmingham News from 1960 to 1964 shows that, despite its staunch segregationist stance, the paper's editorial pages, nonetheless, produced strong integrationist narratives. This paradox was borne of discordant interpretations of 14th Amendment rights featured in the Supreme Court's Plessy (1896) and Brown (1954) decisions. Rise of staunch segregationist groups and officials after the Court's 1954 Brown decision drove News editors to embrace greater democratic pluralism. The evolution in editorial approach corresponded to the paper's gradual adoption of Brown's interpretations of 14th Amendment rights. Change in the valence of the paper's narratives supports Condit’s (1987) thesis that rhetorical “crafting” of public morality about race brought about greater tolerance and acceptance of racial equality in America.

Speech has apparent indications of the intended meanings, and implicit connotations that can be reached from the context in which it is said, so the speaker implicates a specific meaning above what he declares in his speech for an intention desired and required by speech (), and the Implicature is one of the evidence that Arab scholars used to determine the verbal connotations , the speaker can broaden the saying to express explicit meanings, or intensify it to express implicit meanings that require the competence of the recipient to understand its connotations. The act of implication in the book of al-Husayn and the heroine of Karbala had an effective effect to achieve the intended purpose of the argumentative act. Sheikh Muhammad Jawad Mughniyeh, as one of the members of the Front for Convergence of Schools, was able to express the issues contained in the sayings that make up a reasoning. In order to achieve Arab-Islamic unity. First: Implicature in Language: ((In all forms it refers to the meaning of the continuity and completeness of a thing, and from it is the judiciary to decide in judgment, which is the Almighty’s saying: {(Jonah, verse 19), it was decided between them, i.e. to separate the judgment between them... And his saying: And we decreed that matter to him: meaning, we finished it to him and informed him of that.} Implicature Idiomatically: It is one of the terms used by the fundamentalists and Muslim theologians, as Al-Ghazali (d. Or from where the uttered cannot exist legally except with it, or from where it is impossible to prove it rationally without it). As for Al-Abyari (d. 618 A.H.), he defined it: ((that it is understood by the pronunciation, and it is not pronounced by it, but it is from the necessity of what is pronounced by it)), for example: {must set free a believing slave} (Women, verse 92), which is required legally because it is owned; As he is freed from what the son of Adam does not possess, so it increases for him to be the estimation of speech: liberating a slave slave)), so it is necessary from this that the implicit necessities of the utterance do not appear in the pronunciation, and it must be true of the articulation, and Anne RuPaul and Jacques Mochlar considered it a reason for the development of pragmatics And they defined it as ((the content that the sentence conveys in a non-explicit manner)). It is what should be accepted in communication so that the interlocutors can understand, such as Zaid quitting smoking bears the following information: 1- Zaid does not smoke at the moment, and this is the authorized meaning in the operative. 2- Zaid smoked before, and this is what is required from the operative. 3- It is better to do the same, which is an implicit content that only emerges in special verbal circumstances, and when used in intended contexts. It ((corresponds to the semantic verb in the division of Austin, which represents part of the verbal verb, but (Searl) made it independent of the phonetic and syntactic verb)). As for Decro, he distinguished the concept of Implication with two components. It is a lingual assigns to each independent executing sentence a specific description, and a rhetorical one that emanates from the sentence; To communicate to the speaker something implicit in its literal structure, which is shown through the communicative maqam. And ((Implication falls within the direct linguistic verbs, as the utterance denotes it explicitly, even if it is not marked by an action verb in the structure of the uttered)). It is noticeable that the structure of the Implication for the fundamentalists is very similar to the structure of the Implication for the Western pragmatics in the following points: The conditionality that characterizes the requirement. The intrinsic feature. The imperative takes precedence over the imperative, and the prerequisite is the meaning or the rational imperative assessed as a necessity, and the prerequisite is the one that requires an implicit command. There have been many translations of the term into necessity, presupposition, and inclusion of presumption, requisite, and implicature.

The general circulation models estimated an average increase in global surface temperature about 4 °C (2.9 to 5.5 °C). Escalating temperature and extreme weather events are causing higher variations in substantial grain yield losses in cereal crops leading to food insecurity. Temperature flux, more notably high temperature,, affects plants' physio-biochemical processes, resulting in serious yield reduction and quality due to poor agronomic management in plants. Despite the impact of global insecurity on world food production, limited success has been achieved to heat stress adaptation. Extensive research has been made to assess the consequences of abiotic stresses in early growth stages and endurance under subsequent intensity. However, the consequences of abiotic, especially heat/high-temperature stress on reproductive growth, development, and phenology of cereals, received comparatively less consideration, though it has a significant effect on grain yields. Hence, it is imperative to recognize and focus on the most exposed traits of growth and yield under abiotic stress conditions. Among the abiotic stresses, heat stress adversely affects the chlorophyll and grain filling mechanisms in plants. Thus, the preservation of grain weight throughout the heat stress period is also a signal of heat tolerance at the grain filling stage. High potential grain weight under heat stress may also be a better decisive factor for the selection of cultivars for heat tolerance and resistance to changing future climatic conditions. This review summarizes the alterations in the development systems of plants in response to heat stress with a focus on integrated morpho-anatomical, physiological, and molecular adaptations. It also provides information about advanced heat tolerance mechanisms in various plant species applying different tactics together with genetic techniques for plant growth and development.

In 2020, PETRONAS had lost a flexible pipeline due to an increase level of contaminants in the process stream, which carries into the flexible pipeline system. The incident had caused a major cost impact in which the pipeline needs to be replaced and the production had to be differed for at least 1-year. Detail investigation was conducted, and the finding indicates that amongst the root cause was the unavailability of proper predictive and prescriptive approach in managing flexible pipeline integrity system. Thus, this had triggered PETRONAS to embark an initiative to develop a Flexible Pipeline Management System, which then will be included and further developed alongside with PETRONAS digitalization journey. PETRONAS Flexible Pipeline Management System will be developed by upgrading the existing PETRONAS Digital Management System for carbon steel pipeline. As an overview, scopes for the Flexible Pipeline Management System are comprises of guidelines development, risk parameters establishment, fitness for service (FFS) assessment method advancement, and flexible pipeline remaining life extension study (FLES). Its development started with leveraging on PETRONAS experience in carried out integrity assessment for the existing flexible pipeline with expired design life using analytical method. The assessment was conducted in collaboration with flexible pipeline integrity experts which had been included as part of PETRONAS capability up skilling program. Progressively, the flexible pipeline integrity management guideline, risk assessment protocol, and predictive assessment method for FFS and PLES were developed and corelated within. The above elements had been grouped and formed as Flexible Pipeline's integrity assessment manual. It has then been piloted to one of PETRONAS existing flexible pipeline and turned out very successful. The pilot had resulted in eliminating the need of pipeline replacement and generated cost avoidance of more than USD10 Mil - by assessing the remaining life of the pipeline, managing the risk failures through inspection and monitoring plan, as well as minor repair(s) whenever specified.

On the rise of China-chic, diverse trends have surfaced in the Hanfu development because of revivification and innovation. Understanding the perception and acceptance of potential users is vital for Hanfu development as it develops genuine confidence in their national identity and traditional culture. This study investigated and discussed the Kansei aspect of perception and acceptance of users in the appearance and structure of Hanfu. The study aims to grasp of characteristics of Kansei to identify the diverse style of Hanfu images to help designers understand the market needs of Hanfu products style and improve the attractiveness of a product. Two types of Hanfu were selected for evaluation. All data were gathered and analysed using semantic differential methods, descriptive statistics, factor analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis. Results revealed two kinds of Hanfu: S01 can be categorised as practical and modern traditional Hanfu images, whereas S02 represented original and adequate fashionable Hanfu images. Finally, this paper is the first empirical research in Hanfu using the Kansei engineering method from users' perception and acceptance.