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This index presents a list of author names and a list of biblical references that have been cited in the book The Composition of the Sayings Source: Genre, Synchrony, and Wisdom Redaction in Q. This book analyzes Q in the light of compositional conventions of ancient wisdom genres. Genre-critical models are employed to subject the Q materials to comprehensive analysis, critically assess redaction-histories, and show that Q conforms to conventions of ancient paraenesis.Keywords: ancient wisdom genres; Q scholarship

This chapter traces Q's trajectory through twentieth-century scholarship, focusing upon works which explicitly or implicitly make global proposals with respect to the redaction of Q, with a view to plotting its emergence from analyses influenced by the Kleinliteratur model and examining its present status as increasingly the object of literary-critical studies, that is, analyses which view Q as a specimen of ancient literary genres. It concludes by outlining a methodology for genre and composition criticism. Given the current climate of Q studies, a word needs to be said about how this study relates to the issue of the Two Document Hypothesis (2DH). Genre-critical analysis of Q probes for the presence of compositional conventions, in a dialectical manner.Keywords: kleinliteratur model; twentieth-century Q scholarship; two document hypothesis

This chapter analyzes the shorter instructional speeches in Q. It shows that Q's sayings clusters are exemplars of the instructional speech genre. Some examples Q's instructional speeches are as follows: Love Your Enemies (6:27-36); Judge Not (6:37-42); Trees, Fruit, and Speech (6:43- 45) etc. The instructional nature of the speech should no longer be in doubt. Despite the heat and volatility of the threats of judgment, the opening admonition + rationale establishes the framework genre of the speech as being instructional and deliberative, and the elaborative body uses a mixture of gnomes, aphorisms, paradigms, and examples from daily life to secure the argument and gain adherence to the programmatic admonition.Keywords: instructional speech genre; Judge Not; Love Your Enemies

I nflammation may play a central role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1, C-reactive protein, regulated on activation normal T cells expressed and secreted (RANTES), and fractalkine are increased in the serum and lungs of PAH patients. Scleroderma, lupus, mixed connective tissue disease, Castleman disease, HIV, and polyneuropathy/organomegaly/endocrinopathy/M protein/skin changes (POEMS syndrome) are associated with increased IL-6 and PAH. IL-6 may play a pathogenic role through inflammation, cellular proliferation, interaction with bone morphogenetic protein pathways, decreasing prostacyclin levels, and induction of the production of other mediators such as serotonin, endothelin (ET)-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor. Experimental models of pulmonary hypertension (PH), including hypoxia and monocrotaline, are associated with increased IL-6 levels. Previous studies have found right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH) in rats treated with recombinant human IL-6. This was associated with evidence of vascular thrombosis and may be a model of chronic thromboembolic PAH. We hypothesized that IL-6 would cause PH in mice and that IL-6 may potentiate the development of PH following chronic hypoxia in mice. Methods/Results Male C57BL/6 mice (weight, 25 g) were treated with daily subcutaneous injections of 200 g/kg recombinant murine IL-6 and saline solution, and exposed to normoxia or hypobaric hypoxia for 14 days. The animals were killed and right ventricular pressure and RVH were measured. IL-6-treated mice had increased right ventricular pressure (p 0.08) and RVH (p 0.05) in normoxia compared to those treated with saline solution. There was no evidence of lung inflammation or vascular thrombosis. During hypoxia, treatment with IL-6 further augmented the increase in RVH compared to treatment with saline solution and this was associated with a greater increase in both IL-6 and ET-1 messages as determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction.

7544 Background: PET-CT is a standard investigation to stage the mediastinum in non-small cell lung cancer when radical management is planned. The clinical utility of PET-CT in carcinoid tumours is uncertain as its test performance at identifying mediastinal lymph node disease in these tumours is as yet undefined with such tumours being rare and FDG avidity often variable or low. We sought to determine the test performance of PET-CT for mediastinal lymph node staging of pulmonary carcinoid tumours. Methods: We collated retrospective data from 5 institutions for a consecutive series of patients who underwent thoracic surgery for carcinoid tumours and had preoperative PET-CT staging prior to surgery (with lymph nodal dissection). PET-CT results were compared against the reference standard of pathologic results obtained from lymph node dissection, and test performance reported using sensitivity and specificity. Results: From November 1999 to May 2012, a total of 153 patients with a preoperative PET-CT scan from 5 institutions underwent surgery for a carcinoid tumour. The mean age of the patients was 60 (SD 16) and 67 were male (44%). The pathologic sub-type was typical carcinoid in 138 patients (90%) and atypical carcinoid in 15 patients (10%). The mean SUV uptake in the primary tumour was 4.9 (SD 5). Results from lymph node dissection were obtained in 125 patients and the sensitivity and specificity of PET-CT to identify mediastinal lymph node disease was 40% (95% CI 5-85%) and 93% (93-99%) respectively. Conclusions: In this largest cohort study to date, our results suggest that PET-CT has a poor sensitivity but good specificity for mediastinal lymph node metastases for pulmonary carcinoid tumours. Therefore lymph node metastases cannot accurately be ruled out in carcinoid tumours with a negative PET-CT. If treatment decisions are based on the N2 status, invasive mediastinal staging should be undertaken in carcinoid tumours.

The golden rule introduces a note of reciprocity into Luke 6:27-35 that seems dissonant with the instruction's inaugural command to "love your enemies." Rudolf Bultmann's judgment that the rule expresses "naive egoism," though tenacious, is not universal; many argue that the rule surmounts crude self-interest.1 Nevertheless, interpreters of the passage have been markedly averse to viewing Jesus' command to love enemies in terms of reciprocity, feeling that, no matter how others-oriented the golden rule's formulation, its unmistakable recourse to the logic of reciprocity ethics renders it morally inferior to the altruistic, unilateral stance of "love your enemies." By the same token, its presence here is thought to blunt the edge of Jesus' authentic ethic. This view arises from defective understandings of reciprocity dynamics. Reciprocity is in fact basic to the ethic that Luke 6:27-35 seeks to inculcate. After assessing some leading attempts to account for what seems to be a clash of ethical perspectives, we will locate the passage's moral exhortation within practices of social exchange in traditional societies, aligning these with descriptions of Greco-Roman reciprocity conventions, with particular attention to Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics and Seneca's De Beneficiis. I We begin our discussion with Albrecht Dihle's categorical claim: "von der Goldenen Regel . . . fuhrt kein direkter Weg zu der neuen, im Feindesliebegebot am scharfsten formulierten Ethik, weil sie alles Handeln vom Grundsatz der Gegenseitigkeit her bewertet."2 In the golden rule the norm that one usually receives back in accordance with what one gives or inflicts assumes the form of a prudential maxim.3 "Love your enemies," by definition not predicated on anticipation of return, cannot be reconciled with the rule. The two embody sharply contrasting principles of action; "love your enemies" in fact annuls the kind of moral deliberation represented by the reciprocity maxim. Dihle therefore accounts for the rule's presence by reading it indicatively, as describing rather than prescribing the conventional way of acting. Reciprocity calculation is then critiqued by Luke 6:32-34 and superseded by the programmatic admonition to "love your enemies."4 Critics, however, point to the absence of contrastive conjunctions that would justify reading v. 31 its an indicative statement.5 A further difficulty arises from the fact that in the various genres of moral exhortation maxims had the force of proofs and premises, embodying as they did principles commanding collective assent. Paul Hoffmann takes the view that Luke 6:27-35 "enthalt Spannungen und Bruche," and follows Dihle s judgment that the rule's presence here is "recht seltsam" because w. 32-34 reject the kind of behavior v. 31 recommends. This tension was not so pronounced in Luke's Q tradition, argues Hoffmann, where sayings elaborating love of enemy (6:27a, 28b, 35c, 32-34, 29) and sayings on reciprocity (6:30, 31, 36) likely were aggregated separately, albeit contiguously. Luke in a calculated manner has combined these disparate motifs, part of his moral project of counteracting the habituation of wealthier members of his community to the friends- and class-oriented reciprocity ethic represented by the rule and to reorient them to Jesus' rigorous ethic of giving without expectation of return. By positioning w. 32-34 after v. 31, Luke creates tension between the two perspectives, the intent being that the former verses critique and surpass the latter.6 Hoffmann's solution is unsatisfying, however, because the rule is already part of the underlying tradition; moreover, the sequential arrangement of these motifs that Hoffmann proposes for Q is hardly less problematic than their redactional integration in Luke. Finally, like Dihle, Hoffmann has difficulty accounting for the imperative force of the rule.7 In Paul Ricoeur's view, the golden rule follows the "logic of equivalence," whereas "love your enemies" follows the "logic of superabundance," that is, the "economy of the gift. …

During the past five years it has become increasingly apparent that the media of communication have been used in isolation. Teachers have been conditioned to think in terms of a film or text book rather than an integration of the benefits of both in a learning system. This of course can be extended to include programmed learning, television, teaching machines etc.

Powered two wheelers (PTW) are very popular modes of transport, with dominant modal share in some developing countries, but also throughout the world. More than 62.000 persons were killed in traffic accidents involving PTWs in the 27 European Union countries between 2001 and 2009. In these 27 countries there were -18% fewer PTW traffic accident fatalities in 2009 than in 2001 in comparison to -36% fewer fatalities in total. The objective of this research is the analysis of PTW road safety related parameters in European countries through the use of the EU CARE database with disaggregated data on road accidents as well as of other international data sources (OECD/IRTAD, Eurostat, etc.). Time-series data from 23 EU countries over a period of 10 years (1999-2008) are correlated with basic safety parameters, such as area type and age and gender of the driver. Additional insight into accident causation is offered through the use of in-depth accident data from the EC SafetyNet project Accident Causation Database. The results of the analysis allow for an overall assessment of the PTW road safety level in Europe in comparison to other modes, thus providing useful support to decision makers working for the improvement of safety in the European road network.

The peptide human urotensin-II (hUT-II) and its receptor have recently been cloned. The vascular function of this peptide in humans, however, has yet to be determined. Vasoconstrictor and vasodilator responses to hUT-II were investigated in human small muscular pulmonary arteries [∼170 μm internal diameter (ID)] and human abdominal resistance arteries (∼200 μm ID). Vasodilator responses were investigated in endothelin-1 (3 nM) precontracted vessels and, in the small pulmonary vessels, compared with the known vasodilators adrenomedullin, sodium nitroprusside, and acetylcholine. In human small pulmonary arteries, hUT-II did not induce vasoconstriction but was a potent vasodilator [−log M concentration causing 50% of the maximum vasodilator effect (pIC50) 10.4 ± 0.5; percentage of reduction in tone ( E max) 81 ± 8% (vs. 23 ± 11% in time controls), n = 5]. The order of potency for vasodilation was human urotensin-II = adrenomedullin (pIC50 10.1 ± 0.4, n = 6) > sodium nitroprusside (pIC50 7.4 ± 0.2, n = 6) = acetylcholine (pIC50 6.8 ± 0.3, n = 6). In human abdominal arteries, hUT-II did not induce vasoconstriction but was a potent vasodilator [pIC50 10.3 ± 0.7; E max96 ± 8% (vs. 43 ± 16% in time controls), n = 4]. This is the first report that hUT-II is a potent vasodilator but not a vasoconstrictor of human small pulmonary arteries and systemic resistance arteries.

Postero-lateral thoracotomies are routinely performed in thoracic surgery. Post-operatively, the pain can be incapacitating due to many factors including intercostal nerve injury. Therefore neurovascular bundle (NVB) protection may be a key element in improving pain control. Two methods of chest closure are used in our unit; traditional pericostal closure and intracostal closure.

Since the first electronic computers were constructed some 20 years ago, the Universities of this country have been intimately associated with their development, first with their actual construction and design, then with the implementation of autocodes and other high level languages for simpler programming, and they are now about to embark on a phase of exploitation of the possibilities of multi‐access working in which many typewriter devices can appear to give immediate access for different users at the same time. In fact, of course, the multi‐access users are only sharing part of the computers time, but if the system is correctly designed the response to any individual user is rapid enough to give him the impression that he has the monopoly of the computer's attentions.

AK During the past academic year the Computer Board, which is the controlling body for the financing of university computers, has issued its first report, covering the period up to October 1968, which was published as a Command paper in June 1969. Perhaps more significant, in its immediate effects, was that the Board introduced a procedure, in February 1969, whereby each university will be asked to submit, each year, forward estimates of its computing equipment requirements for each of the following three years. The first of such three‐year forward estimates were called for, by the end of the academic year 1968/69, to cover the financial years 1970/71 to 1972/73. Such a rationalization of the Board's procedures must be applauded warmly for it will certainly simplify the Board's own task of producing its five‐year programme. Inevitably though, it has been noticeable that specific applications already in the hands of the Board before the introduction of this new procedure have been held in limbo awaiting an overall assessment of university needs generally. The timing too, and the interplay of academic and financial years, has accentuated this delay.