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The study focused on determining essential government policies and trade barriers affecting the textile industry's export performance during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study has analysed the effect of government export policies on the export performance of the textile industry. This study has also compared factors among three South Asian textile industries, including Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh. The study identified nine essential government export policies and trade barriers based on Industrial Organization View (I/O View). A panel regression model was used to analyse the significance of each government policy and trade barrier affecting textile export performance. Results of the study showed that currency exchange rates, the cost to export, time to export, political stability of the country, quality of infrastructure in the country, freedom from corruption, business cost of terrorism and economic stability in the country have a significant effect on export performance of the industry. In contrast, taxes on doing business have an insignificant effect on export performance. The Seemingly Unrelated Estimation (SUEST) test compared the differences in export performance of Pakistani, Indian and Bangladeshi textile industries due to government policies. The results showed that a higher level of time to export, cost to export and business cost of terrorism lead to the low export performance of the textile industry. At the same time, a higher level of currency exchange rates, political stability of the country, quality of infrastructure, freedom from corruption and economic stability in-country lead to the high export performance of the textile industry. Further, taxes on doing business have an insignificant effect on export performance. This study is among the few contributing to the textile industry during the COVID-19 pandemic. Due to uncertain circumstances, it becomes hard for the government to identify important factors which could help textile exporters to survive and grow during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study has identified important government policies and trade barriers affecting textile exports based on strong theoretical support and has also compared and elaborated on the importance of each factor across three South Asian countries. This study will help policymakers reconsider export- related factors to enhance their textile exports and revive their economy after the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective: To compare the outcome of laparoscopic vs mini incision open appendectomy for acute appendicitis. Study Design: Randomized Control study. Setting: Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Hospital, Phase V, Hayatabad, Peshawar. Period: March 2022 to November 2022. Material & Methods: A total of 96 patients were enrolled in the study, the patients were divided in to two groups using randomization using non probability consecutive sampling and 48 patients were allocated to each group. Group A patients underwent laparoscopic while group B patients underwent mini incision appendectomy. In both groups operative time, need for analgesics, postoperative pain score, hospital stay and postoperative wound infection was compared. Chi square test and Independent sample T test was used, a P value ≤ 0.05 was taken as significant. Results: The mean age of the patients in group A was 30.58±8.35 years and 28.52±5.79 years in group B. In group A 14.6% patients needed analgesics while in group B 31.2% patients. Regarding the hospital stay group A patients had a mean hospital stay of 25.85±1.53 hours and in group B the mean hospital stay was 29.58±3.76 hours. In group A the mean postoperative pain score was 2.17±0.97 and in group B the mean postoperative pain score was 2.88±0.81. Conclusion: Laparoscopic appendectomy has a lower average postoperative pain score, need for analgesics and shorter hospital length as compared to mini incision operative appendectomy.

Turkey is one of the most important Muslim states in modern era. Turkey is one of the Muslim countries where the literacy rate is much better than other Muslim countries. If it is said that Turkey can be an example for modern Muslim countries, this statement would not be an exaggeration. According to the Countrymeters report, Turkey's literacy rate in 2022 was 95.12%, while the literacy rate for 15 to 24 year-olds was 99.25%, this suggests that Turkey is one of the most developed countries in the world. In this article we analysis the Turkish education system and try to find out how Turkey achieved these victories in the field of education. After analyzing the Turkish education system, this system has been compared with the education system of Pakistan, and the fundamental flaws in Pakistan's education system have been identified in the context of Turkey's education system , and the steps to be taken for their best solution have also been discussed., https://khairulumma.com/index.php/about/article/view/42