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Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Sociology's tendency to branch into applied scientific disciplines is regularly debated. This debate focuses either on the organisation of sociology in academic institutions or on how the content of sociologically informed interdisciplinary research diverges from disciplinary sociology. This article bridges these debates in a study of the sociology of food in Sweden. The aim is to analyse how Swedish food sociology reflects the tension between disciplinary sociology and interdisciplinary research. The data comprise the doctoral dissertations and post-PhD career paths of Swedish sociologists whose dissertations are about food. The article finds that these dissertations treat food either as an inherently social phenomenon or as a social lens (i.e. a social phenomenon viewed as instrumental for analysing something else). Second, it is found that sociologists whose dissertations treated food as an inherently social phenomenon were more likely to pursue careers in food sociology but also to hold affiliations outside of sociology departments. The article concludes that the academic locus of Swedish food sociology is organised outside sociology departments but that its approaches are not necessarily any less sociological. Thus, the analysis questions the basis for arguments that interdisciplinary research represents a threat to the critical and analytical core of sociology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our infant-juvenile population has been exposed to situations in the last decade that have compromised their physical, mental, emotional health, learning ability, nutritional needs, and even their sense of self. We are talking about problems in terms of their education, food/nutrition, health, and recognition of gender identity. In this last topic, we will focus on this analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate the behavior and performance of steers in two different housing areas (10 vs. 100 m2/animal) and two feeding models (daily supply vs. selffeeding) during the fattening period. Materials and methods: Forty-eight Hereford steers with initial live weight (LW): 214,0 kg were housed under four treatments: 100DS (100 m2/animal and daily supply), 100SF (100 m2/animal and self-feeding), 10DS (10 m2/animal and daily supply), 10SF (10 m2/animal and self-feeding) until reaching a final LW of 370 - 390 kg. Behavior was recorded by observation. Dry matter intake (DMI) and average daily gain (ADG) were recorded to estimate feed conversion ratio (FCR). Back fat thickness (BFT) and Longissimus muscle area (LMA) were measured. Steers were sent to a commercial abattoir to evaluate carcass yield. Results: The frequency of rest and walking was higher in steers in the largest housing area. Selffeeding contributed to the intake distribution during the day. No differences were detected in DMI, ADG and FCR. However, the confined animals (10DS and 10SF) produced more BFT and less LMA. In addition, they had less carcass yield at slaughter. Conclusions: Therefore, a larger housing area and the self-feeding model could contribute to express steers' natural behavior and improve their performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Initially known for its deleterious health effects, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has recently been recognized as a biologically important gas carrier, like nitric oxide and carbon monoxide. H2S is produced endogenously in mammalian cells by enzymatic and non-enzymatic pathways. when it is produced by the enzymatic pathway, its synthesis is carried out from the amino acid L-cysteine through the transsulfuration pathway. It can also be produced endogenously from exogenous compounds that function as H2S donors as, for example, the naturally occurring organic donors found in some plants. Currently, the role of H2S is well known as brain and cardiac protector, and its research as a therapeutic adjuvant in metabolic diseases such as obesity and type-2 diabetes is becoming increasingly important. The objective of this review is to examine how the contribution of donors and precursors of hydrogen sulfide by the diet impacts health and disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Evaluating the protein and saponin content in quinoa genotypes is an important practice to define their production purpose and to be able to be marketed in markets that demand, for example, bitter or sweet quinoa. For this reason, this study aimed to determine the content of these components in 30 quinoa genotypes produced in the central coast of Ecuador. Methodology: For this purpose, a completely randomized experimental design was used with thirty treatments and three replications, evaluating variables such as: height of the foam column (cm), saponin content (%) and protein content (%). The methodology used to obtain data on saponin content was the Koziol foam method and the Kjeldahl method was used for protein. Results: As for the results obtained, the highest saponin content was recorded in treatments T19 and T30 with 0.86 and 0.78%, respectively, while the treatments with the lowest saponin content were T23 and T26, both with 0.00%. In terms of protein content, the treatments with the highest protein content were T26 and T28 with 19.82 and 18.65%, respectively, and on the other hand, the treatments with the lowest protein content were T20 with 12.23 and T5 with 13.54%. Conclusion: Finally, it was concluded that 76.67% of the genotypes were classified as bitter and 23.3% as sweet. Meanwhile, in relation to protein, a general average of 16.19% was recorded for all genotypes, which in terms of quality is relatively acceptable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Dilemas Contemporáneos: Educación, Política y Valores is the property of Dilemas Contemporaneos: Educacion, Politica y Valores and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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La alimentación es el costo más importante en la producción animal. El objetivo de esta investigación fue comparar los métodos de secado en diferentes forrajes para la obtención de materia seca, horno con convección de aire (HC) y horno microondas (HM), y su efecto sobre la composición nutricional de cada forraje. Se estudiaron seis forrajes comúnmente utilizados en la producción animal: maíz duro amarillo (MA) (Zea mays), pasta de soya (PS) (Glycine max L.), rechazo de verde (RV) (Musa × paradisiaca), ensilaje de maíz (EM) , alfalfa (AL) (Medicago sativa) y raigrás perenne (RP) (Lolium perenne). Se analizaron 40 muestras de cada forraje, cada forraje fue secado en HC, así como en HM y se estimó el contenido de materia seca (MS), luego se le realizó un análisis bromatológico; Proteína bruta (Pb), extracto etéreo (EE), fibra bruta (Fb) y cenizas. Se utilizaron un análisis de varianza y prueba de Tukey (p

El objetivo de la investigación consistió en determinar los estilos de vida de estudiantes universitarios del programa de Nutrición y Dietética. Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, prospectivo, transversal. La información fue recolectada a través del Cuestionario de Estilos de Vida en Jóvenes Universitarios. Las prácticas referidas por los estudiantes para cada una de las dimensiones del estilo de vida evaluadas (8), el 87,5% fueron saludables, excepto la correspondiente a ejercicio y actividad física. El 62,4% manifestó que el principal motivo para no hacer o dejar de hacer ejercicio y actividad física era la pereza. A pesar de que las prácticas para la dimensión de alimentación fueron saludables, el 61,2% de los estudiantes manifestó el consumo algunos días de comidas rápidas, fritos, o dulces y el 58% de gaseosas o bebidas artificiales. Los estudiantes realizan prácticas saludables para las diversas dimensiones del estilo de vida excepto la correspondiente a ejercicio y actividad física, sin embargo, refirieron recursos y motivaciones que les permiten tomar decisiones y adoptar comportamientos fundamentales para la salud.

Objetivo. Explorar los procesos que inciden en las prácticas alimentarias que se relacionan con exceso de peso, desde el enfoque de la dinámica familiar. Metodología. A partir de un ejercicio de microanálisis se analizaron 14 entrevistas en profundidad a madres de dos estratos socioeconómicos en el sur de la Ciudad de México. Resultados. Se identificó que la ingesta de niños y niñas no depende solo de lo que las madres proporcionan, intervienen otros familiares y, de forma crucial, los padres al proporcionar alimentos que buscan demostrar afecto o bienestar económico. Conclusiones. El reparto de trabajo doméstico y extradoméstico, así como las formas de convivencia que se establecen entre los miembros del hogar, repercuten en lo que consumen los escolares en casa.

La presente investigación evaluó el crecimiento de las papilas ruminales y espesor del rumen en terneros sometidos a dos raciones alimenticias distintas. Se establecieron dos grupos homogéneos de tratamiento, cada uno compuesto por cuatro individuos (T1 y T2). Los terneros del grupo T1 recibieron calostro, leche y alfalfa fresca, mientras que los terneros del grupo T2 recibieron la misma composición que el primer grupo, complementada con un alimento concentrado. El destete ocurrió a los 60 días de edad para ambos grupos. Después del destete, los terneros fueron alimentados y se recolectaron muestras de la pared del rumen de cuatro regiones anatómicas diferentes de cada ternero. Las dimensiones de las papilas ruminales se midieron macroscópicamente, y se llevó a cabo una histología utilizando el método de inclusión en parafina con tinción H&E. Los terneros del grupo T1 mostraron valores promedio de 1,38 ± 0,250 mm para la longitud de la papila, 3,63 ± 0,245 mm para el grosor de la pared del rumen, 1,77 ± 0,312 mm para la capa muscular y 0,5 ± 0,005 mm para la capa serosa. En cambio, los animales del grupo T2 alcanzaron una longitud promedio de papila de 3,13 ± 0,479 mm, con un grosor de pared de 7,13 ± 0,855 mm, un grosor de capa muscular de 3,00 ± 0,408 mm y un grosor de capa serosa de 1,02 ± 0,019 mm. En conclusión, la ración alimenticia suplementada con concentrado resultó en valores elevados de crecimiento de las papilas ruminales, junto con un notable desarrollo en la capa serosa, la capa muscular y en general en la pared del rumen en terneros.

Introducción. La obesidad infantil es uno de los problemas de salud pública más graves del siglo XXI, originado porque los niños crecen en un entorno en el que no se fomenta la práctica deportiva. Esto es debido al cambio en el tipo de alimentación y al aumento del sedentarismo. Objetivo. Describir y analizar los principales programas de intervención, basados en la promoción de hábitos saludables (Nutrición y Actividad Física) en la población infantil y las principales estrategias utilizadas para su implantación en los centros educativos españoles. Materiales y métodos. Se ha realizado un estudio transversal descriptivo mediante el empleo de una revisión sistemática de la literatura realizada en el mes de octubre de 2022. La población de estudio fue el alumnado de entre 6 y 12 años escolarizados en centros de Educación Primaria de España. Resultados. Se ha identificado que las intervenciones educativas sobre nutrición y/o actividad física realizadas en los centros educativos, resultan positivas en la mejora de los hábitos de alimentación y la práctica físico-deportiva entre los escolares. Discusión. Además, combinando las temáticas de nutrición y actividad física, se fomenta la consecución de hábitos saludables, con el objetivo de prevenir la obesidad y el sedentarismo. A su vez, fomentando la participación de las familias en los programas de intervención se obtiene un resultado positivo en la efectividad de las intervenciones. Conclusiones. La mayor parte de los programas de intervención analizados demuestran su eficacia a la hora de modificar los hábitos alimentarios, además, se produce un aumento del nivel de actividad física, evitando el sedentarismo entre los escolares, y, por ende, disminuir el riesgo de obesidad.

Una metáfora conceptual constituye un proceso analógico del pensamiento que tiene su manifestación literal en expresiones lingüísticas que usamos en la vida cotidiana. El razonamiento metafórico devela las dinámicas sociales y los posicionamientos ideológicos bajo los cuáles se inscriben los procesos de subjetivación. Bajo este enfoque de la lingüística cognitiva analizamos las metáforas que mujeres chilenas atribuyen a la alimentación y a su cuerpo. Entrevistamos a 35 mujeres entre 25 a 60 años con pertenencia a diversos estratos socioeconómicos. Los resultados revelaron la existencia de un conjunto de metáforas normalizadoras que transmiten ideologías que buscan perpetuar valores patriarcales y de consumo que afectan de forma negativa la relación de las mujeres con su alimentación y propio cuerpo. De forma secundaria emergieron metáforas que plantean una resistencia al modelo y con ello un posible tránsito hacia la construcción de una subjetividad desligada del orden patriarcal de género.

El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el efecto de tres alimentos (T1=AQUATECH32, T2= CORINA28 y T3= AQUAPRO32) en el crecimiento, asimilación alimenticia e índices de bienestar de juveniles de paco, Piaractus brachypomus (25.2 ± 0.55 g) cultivados durante 46 días. El experimento se realizó en el Fundo El Gavilán, ubicado en el km 7 de la carretera Yurimaguas- Munichis. Noventa peces fueron asignados equitativa y aleatoriamente en nueve jaulas de 1 m3 y cada alimento fue asignado aleatoriamente y evaluados por triplicado. Los peces fueron alimentados dos veces al día con una tasa de alimentación inicial de 8% en los primeros 32 días, luego de la cual se reajustó a 7% hasta el final del experimento. Se realizaron monitoreos biométricos cada 15 días para evaluar el crecimiento y reajustar las raciones. Al final del experimento AQUATECH32 y AQUAPRO32 produjeron mayores índices de crecimiento (GP, GPD, TCE y TCR) que la dieta de la línea CORINA28, sin embargo, de acuerdo al ANOVA, no hubo diferencias significativas (P>0.05), como tampoco las hubo para los índices de asimilación alimenticia y de bienestar. De acuerdo a los resultados, se podría utilizar cualquiera de los tres alimentos ya que el rendimiento productivo es similar.

El uso de harina de pescado (FM) como fuente proteica en la acuicultura es una de las principales críticas sobre esta industria. Aumentar la producción de un modo más sostenible es un imperativo actual para este sector. Por otra parte, la cría de insectos se ha tornado en una alternativa prometedora para la alimentación acuícola, ya que varias especies pueden producirse usando residuos orgánicos. Los insectos son organismos ricos en nutrientes, alta energía, y un perfil equilibrado de aminoácidos, a diferencia de las fuentes proteicas vegetales que son deficientes en ciertos aminoácidos esenciales. El objetivo del manuscrito es presentar una revisión de las investigaciones recientes sobre la sustitución de la FM por la harina de larvas de Tenebrio molitor (TMM), un coleóptero que se ha vuelto popular como alternativa en dietas acuícolas y sus efectos en el crecimiento y la respuesta inmune en crustáceos. Los estudios indican que la TMM puede sustituir completamente a la FM en Litopenaeus vannamei, mientras que los niveles de sustitución que funcionaron mejor para Macrobrachium rosenbergii y el cangrejo de río van desde 12 a 50%. No se encontraron estudios en crustáceos amazónicos ni sudamericanos, lo que abre oportunidades para nuevas líneas de investigación.

Copyright of Archivos Latinoamericanos de Nutrición is the property of Sociedad Latinoamericana de Nutricion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction. Among the issues most affected by the global pandemic of COVID-19 is the physical and emotional well-being of citizens. Objective. To analyze how dietary habits and physical activity have changed since the compulsory home confinement, and to determine whether they have been maintained afterwards, carrying out a study with students from 6 Andalusian public universities, during the 2020/2021 and 2021/2022 academic years. Method. A 30-item questionnaire was applied to a sample of 458 subjects, 73% female, 25% male and 2% non-binary with a mean age of 23 years. Results. Socially imposed isolation has favored in most cases an awareness of the need for care and improvement of health, both at a general level (46%) and from the point of view of food (for example, 60% take fruit or vegetables between meals) and physical activity (52%) and as an added benefit is that these habits are maintained after confinement (67%). Conclusions. Healthy habits have improved since confinement, in aspects related to both food and physical activity, with the latter acquiring a high relevance since the pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Evaluate community action in an urban agriculture intervention project in the Campestre-Virreyes neighborhood. Methodology: A qualitative evaluation is proposed through participant observation and semi-structured interviews. Intelligence is evaluated that allows us to see the potential, learning capacity and motivations of the participants. Results: There is relevant information about the learning capabilities of the neighbors, which has been weighted based on sociodemographic data, previous knowledge and experience about urban agriculture, the motivations that accompany them and the expectations about urban agriculture in their neighborhood. Limitations: The article does not necessarily reflect a trend on community action in the neighborhoods on the outskirts of the city nor can the training process of the participants be concluded; it is only a cut in time. Conclusions, although a specific community action has been identified, which is the product of a good intervention by non-governmental actors, the participants have barely been able to develop specific capacities on urban agriculture that are not sufficient to satisfy their food needs and at the same time improve its economy, although a certain level of community action is recognized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To document the cultural importance and management of plants with emphasis on food species of Ch'ol communities of Chiapas, Mexico. Methodology: Oriented from ethnoagroecological approach, participatory methodological tools and mixed analysis of the information were applied. Results: The analysis of the cultural importance of edible plants (CII) registered ranges between 0.0005 to 15,500, the high values indicate groups of plants that are consumed more frequently, which shows their roots in the food culture of these peoples. The management criteria in the HG show two practices carried out by the families: ex situ and in situ management. In the first, cultivated plants are mainly registered (40.1%), the second emphasizes four levels of agricultural work, collection (8.4%), tolerance (12.1%), promotion (10.9%) and protection (28.6%); In this sense, the management intensity (MI) recognized species with intervals of 0.2129 + 0.6239. Limitations: the Covid-19 period limited the last coexistence visits to the FPU that were originally contemplated. Conclusions: the vegetable component that is managed in the home garden family constitutes a basic element that defines a sustainable food system. In this sense, together with the valuation of practices of these social groups, family farming may be aiming to build foundations that explain motives involved in the domestication of food plants in Mesoamerica. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kwashiorkor syndrome is characterized by protein malnutrition and edema, risk factors are recent weaning, infections, and diets based on corn and rice. This malnutrition can lead to skin manifestations such as thin, dry skin, hyperpigmentation, confluent areas of scaling, dry, hypopigmented, and detachable hair, as well as erosive dermatitis, predominantly in skin folds. The diagnosis is based on a nutritional evaluation exam, physical examination and laboratory finding, the treatment is based on early nutritional rehabilitation. Clinical case: 8-month-old female infant who attended the Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, presenting a scaling dermatosis of 1 month's evolution that was treated with topical ketoconazole. The mother reported exclusive feeding with corn gruel due to the diagnosis of "lactose allergy" and commented not enough resources to buy hydrolyzed formula. The patient presented a disseminated dermatosis to all body segments, characterized by well-defined, irregularly shaped, hyperpigmented plaques with scaling in thick sheets in the perioral region and extremities, as well as areas of eroded skin and paleness and edema of extremities. Laboratory tests were taken, where anemia (Hb 11.2 g/dl) and hypoal- buminemia (3.3 g/dl) were documented, the diagnosis of kwashiorkor syndrome was integrated. The clinical and laboratory findings were reported to the Gastroenterology and Nutrition service, who performed a nutritional assessment, and began nutritional treatment, emollients and general skin care were documented; twenty days later, the dermatosis and edema had subsided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article has to contribute to the process public policies and the relationship between the human right to feeding in Mexico. Through an exploratory analysis of that prerogative present in the jurisprudence of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights (from now on IAHR Court), emphasizing the observance of various judicial criteria issued by that area, which have been able to produce significant changes in the legal framework and the actions of the judicial systems of the state’s part, whose implications have a direct impact on society’s life. In this way, it’s exposed the transversal relationship between public policies and human rights (protected by the judicial systems) becomes evident, which means an equation where two important figures coexist for these universes: the dignity of people and their relationship with the quality of life of the population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Contextualization: animal production systems in Colombia have been characterized by the poor availability and quality of forage, in areas such as the foothills of the plains, due to the edaphological and climatic conditions of these zones. Knowledge gap: the basis of sheep feeding is grass, although multiple factors interfere in the use and quality of nutrients. This is why it is necessary to investigate these matters and determine which are the adequate supplements to fulfill the requirements of the animal, and therefore improve their productive performance. Purpose: to analyze the nutritional contribution of a supplement to the diet of grazing sheep fed with Brachiaria spp, evaluating the productive performance and blood biochemistry of them. Methodology: the design was completely randomized with the Tukey comparison test. A total of 12 sheep were used, crossbreeds between creole and Pelibuey, with an average weight of 20.05 ± 1.0 kg. The animals were fed using grass with Brachiaria spp. and a supplementation with 100 g of commercial balanced food. The treatments were: T1: 600 g of corn silage [EMA], T2: 200 g EMA and 100 g palm kernel, T3: 400 g EMA and 100 g of wheat bran, and T4: 400 g EMA + 200 g of Tithonia diversifolia silage. The chemical quality of the food supplied and the soil where the sheep grazed were analyzed. The variables evaluated were weight gain, feed intake, feed efficiency and conversion, protein efficiency ratio and blood biochemistry. Results and conclusions: in T2, the lowest [P < 0.05] daily weight gain and final weight was obtained related to T1 [234.4 and 33.6 Vs 263.6 g and 36.3 kg respectively] as well as the lowest consumption of dry matter [1678.1 Vs 1815.8 g respectively]). The other treatments had a similar behavior [P > 0.05] in the total consumption of dry matter and protein. Serum concentrations of protein, albumin, glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, and calcium were similar [P > 0.05] before and after treatments, while the serum magnesium concentration after supplementation was higher [P < 0.05] in T4 related to T1 and T2. Supplements such as EMA, palm kernel, wheat bran and buttercup silage have a positive effect on sheep fed with grass and Brachiaria spp. in terms of dry matter intake, weight gain and feed conversion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The question of the human body – whose matters, where, when, and how much – has long been of concern in geographical thinking. Vegan geographies pose a challenge to this 'body,' bringing in critical concerns for and about animal bodies. In this paper, interviews with vegans based in Britain are used to discuss the role of the body and embodiment in veganism, a social, cultural and political movement that has been relatively under-studied in geography. Drawing on feminist and embodied geographical theory, this paper discusses the role of the body in three spaces of veganism: (1) in establishing vegan cultures through building shared 'truth narratives'; (2) in shifting veganism beyond individualism in meat-centric society; and (3) veganism as a world-making project, stretching beyond the body into social and cultural space. I conclude by discussing the wider implications of this empirical work understanding the social and cultural geographies of veganism, and how these further embodied geographical thinking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. To describe infant and young child feeding indicators in children under 24 months of age in Mexico. Materials and methods. Analysis of the Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición 2021 and 2022 (Ensanut 2021-2022) in women aged 14-59 and their children under 24 months (<24 months). The indicators were calculated considering the sample design of the surveys. Results. The 33.6% of children <6 months received exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) and 27.2% of children <24 months did not receive EBF during the first three days of life, and were fed with commercial infant formula (CIF) or another liquid. Also, 42% of children between 6 and 23 months consumed unhealthy foods. Conclusions. Infant and young child feeding practices in Mexico must be protected through policies that regulate the commercialization of CIF and promote a work, social and political environment suitable for breastfeeding and infant care, so that parents and other caregivers can adopt adequate breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Solid-state fermented apple pomace (AP-SSF) enriched with non-nitrogen protein has been studied as an alternative ingredient for feeding dairy cattle. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of the inclusion of AP-SSF in the feeding of dairy cows in early lactation on the yield and quality of milk, microbial contamination, and ruminal fermentation parameters, as well as the concentration of ammonia and the number of protozoa. Twenty Holstein cows were used, 20 of 660 kg on average, with 2-4 lactations and an average of 89 days in milk. Two groups were formed with ten cows each, randomly distributed to form a 2 x 2 Latin square with standard periods. Experiment diets were formulated with traditional ingredients, and one of them was added AP-SSF. Rations were gradually incorporated, giving ten days for adaptation and another 20 days for sampling. In lactose and production variables, no difference was statistically significant (P> 0.05) in milk fat and protein differences (P < 0.05) in the first component for the control treatment and the second toward treatment, as AP-SSF succeeded in increasing the percentage of milk fat. For Staphylococcus sp., Streptococcus sp. and Total coliform differences (P < 0.05) in favor of the treatment were achieved AP-SSF and decreased the CFU / mL for Salmonella sp. while there was no difference (P > 0.05). Volatile fatty acids showed statistical difference (P < 0.05) for Acetic, Propionic, and Butyric acids. AP-SSF treatment for the rest of the parameters ruminal pH, ammonia, and protozoa did not show any significant difference (P > 0.05) between treatments. Concluded that it is possible to incorporate AP-SSF as a protein ingredient in diets of dairy cows in early lactation because some variables improved and showed no adverse effects in any of the variables evaluated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Numerous female-headed single parent households face increased pressure when attempting to balance income generation with household responsibilities, such as family nutrition, which is critical given its greater influence on children's nutrition and diet quality (Hebestreit et al., 2017). This situation is critical in light of the fact that food is positioned as a critical domain of human well-being (Schnettler et al., 2014, 2017; Denegri et al., 2014, 2016). Satisfaction with food-related life is conceptualized as an individual's global cognitive evaluation of his or her diet (Grunert, Dean, Raats, Nielsen, y Lumbers, 2007); its formal definition is connected to other facets of life such as health, family, and social relationships (Grunert et al., 2007). According to the literature, satisfaction with food-related life is defined in terms of three primary determinants of eating behavior: the food consumed, the individual, and the diet's context (Köster, 2009). The purpose of this study is to contribute to our understanding of female-headed single-parent families and their meanings by examining the importance placed on the family as the first social space in which people construct and shape their social representations in various spheres of daily life (Moscovici, 1984). The overall objective is to investigate the meanings of satisfaction with food-related life for mothers and adolescent children in female-headed single-parent families. The specific objectives are to i) define the semantic entities of food satisfaction in relation to mothers and adolescent children, ii) identify factors that contribute to mothers' and adolescent children's food satisfaction, and iii) compare how mothers and adolescent children perceive their food satisfaction and the factors that contribute to it increasing. To accomplish these goals, a mixed case study research design was used. This entails combining quantitative and qualitative research methods in order to gain a better understanding of the research issues (Cresswell y Plano Clark, 2011). A total of 47 Chilean single-parent families with a female head of household participated in this study. It consists of a fee-paying mother that has at least one adolescent child between the ages of 10 and 17. The data collection method was an interview developed and tested in the Chilean population by Schnettler et al. (2020), based on a projective technique (Mesas y Escribano, 2018), in which mothers and adolescent children individually responded to the first words, terms, or phrases associated with the expression "being satisfied with my food-related life" with the goal of determining the meaning of satisfaction with food-related life. They were then asked to complete the sentence "I would be more satisfied with my food-related life if...". In order to identify factors that could improve their satisfaction with food-related life. The data was textually analyzed by segmenting and coding it. Subsequently, by establishing conceptual relationships, categories and supracategories were generated deductively (Krippendorff, 2004). Following that, the information expressed in the results and plotted in frequency tables is synthesized and interpreted. The Chi-square test was used to compare mothers' and adolescent children's responses (Agresti, 1990). In conclusion, the findings indicate that the meanings of satisfaction with food-related life can be ascribed to the construct's formal conceptualization. Thus, this study provides evidence that the construct is valid. There were also similarities in the meanings of mothers and adolescent children when it came to the determinants associated with food satisfaction, as well as the factors that could increase their satisfaction with food-related life. This finding is critical for establishing the family's influence on the constructs and meanings associated with adolescents' cultural identities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To describe the factors of the social structure and food culture of an indigenous community that strengthen collective care. Materials and methods: Qualitative study, ethnographic method; through purposive sampling: 10 semi-structured interviews and participant observation; the content analysis was supported by the Atlas ti 7.0 tool. Results: economic-political, educational, social-cultural and spiritual factors provided evidence of food exercises and practices that from the indigenous worldview of balance and awareness with "mother earth" and of its territorial organization contribute to the collective and identity practices of the community. Conclusions: Around food, many practices are woven that strengthen care in the community; from the shagra physical and spiritual food is harvested, as well as it is also constituted as a space of identity affirmation and survival of ancestral knowledge that must be preserved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Saúde Coletiva is the property of MPM Comunicacao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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En esta entrevista la Catedrática de la Universidad de Sevilla Encarnación Aguilar Criado responde a una serie de cuestionamientos sobre ruralidad, calidad alimentaria y tradición mediante una mirada retrospectiva a su excelsa trayectoria académica, intelectual y vital. Sus reflexiones comienzan con la descripción de sus primeros trabajos sobre género y producción doméstica de las bordadoras de los mantones de manila en Sevilla, hasta llegar a sus investigaciones sobre calidad alimentaria, tradición e innovación desde el punto de vista de los productores en los entornos rurales. En esta entrevista, la autora hace mención también a las diferentes investigadoras/es e intelectuales que la han acompañado a lo largo de estos años, permitiéndonos comprender, y contextualizar, el trabajo desarrollado durante toda una vida académica dedicada a la docencia y la investigación desde la mirada de la Antropología Social.

Introducción: La alimentación genera un interés creciente entre la población, en particular entre las personas jóvenes. La pujanza de las redes sociales hace que sean una fuente de información relevante. En ellas, perfiles expertos conviven con influencers sin formación. Metodología: En este artículo se analizan las claves de la presencia en redes sociales de siete de los nutricionistas más importantes en este ámbito en lengua española a través de una técnica cualitativa basada en entrevistas en profundidad. Resultados: Se constata la relevancia de Instagram como red más importante en nutrición. Seis de los siete se niegan a ser catalogados como influencers, concepto al que atribuyen objetivos y valores con los que no se sienten identificados, y prefieren definirse como divulgadores. Los nutricionistas destacan la importancia de adecuar el mensaje a las características de cada una de las redes sociales y solo dos de los siete combinan cuestiones personales y profesionales en sus contenidos. Discusión y conclusiones: El papel divulgador de los profesionales de la nutrición en las redes sociales adquiere una especial relevancia por la calidad deficiente de la información sobre alimentación. Sin embargo, en la literatura sobre alimentación, comunicación y redes sociales, los límites entre las personas catalogadas como influencers y aquellas profesionales de la nutrición y dietética se difuminan. En este punto, resulta revelador el resultado de la investigación cualitativa realizada, ya que se constata que los nutricionistas estudiados quieren influir, pero no ser influencers. Frente a la connotación negativa que atribuyen a este concepto, defienden la coherencia y la autenticidad. Aceptan el uso de contenido patrocinado, siempre que sea claro y transparente, aunque tres de los siete aseguran haber sido testigo de casos de mala praxis.

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RESUMEN En este trabajo estudiamos las relaciones vecinales observadas en torno a la organización de las ollas comunes en los asentamientos humanos de La Nueva Rinconada (Lima, Perú), durante la pandemia de Covid-19. Organizadas por madres de familia vecinas, las ollas comunes constituyen núcleos de cocina y alimentación autónomos y comunitarios, que emergen con el propósito de sostener la alimentación vecinal en un contexto de desigualdad socioeconómica y condiciones de precariedad urbana. Las mujeres que dedican su tiempo y trabajo a las ollas comunes, despliegan en ellas conocimientos situados desde su posición como mujeres, madres y migrantes, en su mayoría de origen Quechua. Además, despliegan prácticas de cuidado colectivo que dan lugar a lazos significativos cruciales para la organización de las ollas comunes. Asimismo, revisamos las diferencias básicas entre ollas comunes y comedores populares en tanto experiencias de agencia femenina alimentaria, con distinto grado de articulación con el Estado peruano. Finalmente, enfocamos el rol del Estado-nación peruano en la reproducción de la desigualdad alimentaria.

Background. Human societies have always depended on animals to satisfy different needs such as food, shelter, company, medicine, religion, among others. In Mayan rural areas, at present, the use of fauna is daily, so it is necessary to evaluate the relationships established between them and it is necessary to recognize the value of importance that animals have. Objective. To characterize the use of animals in the homegardens and forest of Mayan communities of Sahcabá and Sanahcat in Yucatan. Qualitative tools such as: interviews, participant observation and questionnaire were used. Results: Twenty-eight animal species were mentioned as useful: 11 in homegardens and 18 in forest; divided into mammals (7 in homegardens, 10 in forest), birds (4 in homegardens, 3 in forest), reptiles (3 in forest) e insect (1 in forest). Chicken, in homegardens, and the deer, in forest, had the highest use value (SUT = 0.86 and 0.84, respectively). Animals are economically important to families and provide them with food. Five species of fauna in homegardens and 2 in forest ones were mentioned with medicinal use for the treatment of 13 different diseases. Hunting, in growing areas and in the dry season, was the main means of obtaining animal biomass, with 15 species of wild fauna hunted for food. Implications: The results contribute to understanding the importance of wild and domestic fauna in the culture, food, and economy of rural families, as well as the role that families play in their conservation. Conclusions: The knowledge and use of fauna in homegardens and forest satisfy economic, nutritional, medicinal, and cultural (stories and legends) needs in the studied communities. Although this knowledge is still valid, losses of it are identified in the population of young people and children.

Estudios sobre los ciempiés escolopendromorfos chilenos son escasos, especialmente en las áreas de ecología y etología. Para contribuir al conocimiento de estos dos últimos campos, se presenta el primer registro de depredación del escorpión Centromachetes aff. pococki (Kraepelin) sobre el ciempiés Akymnopellis sp. en la Región del Libertador General Bernardo O’Higgins, Chile. Esta observación ratifica a los quilópodos como presas de los escorpiones.

La influencia creciente de las finanzas ha impactado la agricultura y la producción de alimentos, esto en razón a la progresiva adaptación de la racionalidad especulativa a los sistemas alimentarios y a las estructuras institucionales en un marco económico soportado en la liberalización comercial y financiera. El documento reflexiona sobre los impactos de la financiarización en la agricultura en países periféricos, tomando como ejemplo el caso colombiano. El análisis del artículo muestra cómo la financiarización se ha adaptado a las características propias de la estructura agraria. Este efecto combinado de la financiarización con la persistencia de factores histórico-estructurales que soportan las formas autónomas de acumulación de capital de países periféricos permite caracterizar un fenómeno de dependencia alimentaria que se suma a otros elementos de subordinación en la división internacional del trabajo. Por último, el artículo reflexiona sobre algunos determinantes que profundizarían la racionalidad especulativa en la agricultura en países periféricos, en particular se menciona el cambio climático, las tendencias demográficas y el crecimiento económico de potencias emergentes.