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Background Previous research suggests that there is a bidirectional relationship between incidental affect (i.e., how people feel in day-to-day life) and physical activity behavior. However, many inconsistencies exist in the body of work due to the lag interval between affect and physical activity measurements. Purpose Using a novel continuous-time analysis paradigm, we examined the temporal specificity underlying the dynamic relationship between positive and negative incidental affective states and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Methods A community sample of adults (n = 126, Mage = 27.71, 51.6% Male) completed a 14-day ambulatory assessment protocol measuring momentary positive and negative incidental affect six times a day while wearing a physical activity monitor (Fitbit). Hierarchical Bayesian continuous-time structural equation modeling was used to elucidate the underlying dynamics of the relationship between incidental affective states and MVPA. Results Based on the continuous-time cross-effects, positive and negative incidental affect predicted subsequent MVPA. Furthermore, engaging in MVPA predicted subsequent positive and negative incidental affect. Incidental affective states had a greater relative influence on predicting subsequent MVPA compared to the reciprocal relationship. Analysis of the discrete-time coefficients suggests that cross-lagged effects increase as the time interval between measurements increase, peaking at about 8 h between measurement occasions before beginning to dissipate. Conclusions The results provide support for a recursive relationship between incidental affective states and MVPA, which is particularly strong at 7–9 hr time intervals. Future research designs should consider these medium-term dynamics, for both theory development and intervention.

Background Exposure to chronic psychological stress across multiple life domains (multi-domain chronic burden) is associated with poor health. This may be because multi-domain chronic burden influences daily-level emotional processes, though this hypothesis has not been thoroughly tested. Purpose The current study tested whether (a) multi-domain chronic burden is associated with greater exposure to daily stressors and (b) multi-domain chronic burden compounds negative affect on days with stressors compared to stressor-free days. Methods The MIDUS Study (Wave II) and the National Study of Daily Experiences sub-study were conducted from 2004 to 2006 (N = 2,022). Participants reported on eight life domains of psychological stress used to create a multi-domain chronic burden summary score. For eight consecutive days, participants reported the daily occurrence of stressful events and daily negative affect. Results Participants with greater multi-domain chronic burden were significantly more likely to report daily stressors. There was also a significant interaction between multi-domain chronic burden and daily stressors on negative affect: participants with higher multi-domain chronic burden had greater negative affect on stressor days than stressor-free days compared to those with lower multi-domain chronic burden. Conclusion Participants with higher multi-domain chronic burden were more likely to report daily stressors and there was a compounding effect of multi-domain chronic burden and daily stressors on negative affect. These results suggest that experiencing a greater amount of psychological stress across multiple life domains may make daily stressors more toxic for daily affect.

INTRODUCTION The Modified Osseodensification Visco-Elastic (MOVE) protocol combines two established techniques for sinus lifting: osseodensification drills to elevate the Schneiderian membrane, and the use of a viscoelastic putty to distribute forces on the membrane, a combination first described by Neiva et al (2019). This case series elucidates the technique for combining these materials, and its possible benefits, which include reduced procedure time, less traumatic sinus elevation, and more versatility for unusual sinus anatomy such as sloped sinus floors and immediate implant sites. CASE SERIES The three cases illustrating a single implant, adjacent implants, and an immediate implant, demonstrate various indications for using the MOVE protocol, documented with two- and three-dimensional radiography. The MOVE protocol is explained in detail with supplemental photos of the steps. CONCLUSION Applying the MOVE protocol has the potential to allow for same-day implant placement in sites that previously required preoperative bone augmentation or lateral wall sinus access, thereby reducing the extent of surgical invasiveness associated with implant placement in the posterior maxilla. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

The challenges of recent years are extensive and one of them is the prevention and management of mental health (World Health Organization, 2022). Worldwide, there are 1 in 8 people (~12%) living with a mental health condition (World Health Organization, 2021). Since COVID-10 the prevalence rate of mental health problems has increased by over 10% compared to before (Robinson et al., 2022). However, on average worldwide, only 2% of the budget would be used for mental health treatment and prevention. Since the beginning of the pandemic, healthcare professionals are a group that has been enormously affected by mental health problems long before the announcement of the COVID-19 pandemic. Reports from many countries, including Canada, are unequivocal: the healthcare professionals experience high rates of depressive symptoms, psychological distress, and burnout (Canadian Federation of Nurses Unions, 2022; Canadian Medical Association, 2022; Fischer et al., 2017). As a result of the wide and growing impacts of the pandemic on HCWs, managing this mental health crisis is now a global imperative (Greenberg and Docherty, 2020), that has required the development and delivery of new resources to support effective wellness programming. Behavioural approaches remain underutilized to support the mental health of HCWs, yet, behavioural approaches, including exercise, are well evidenced as primary, stand-alone strategies for treatment of mental health problems. In addition, we are not aware of any studies that have systematically evaluated wellness programs using a behaviour change model (e.g., COM-B model).

The early years are critical for physical literacy and physical activity (PA). With increasing numbers of children attending early childhood education and care (ECEC), educators play a significant role in childhood development and may play an influential role in young children’s physical literacy journey. Educators receive minimal training in physical literacy and PA, but receive increasing direction to integrate these concepts into ECEC learning. The purpose of this study was to assess educator (n=94) physical literacy, and determine which components of their physical literacy were associated with self-reported intentions and behaviours to promote physical literacy and PA. Educator physical literacy was moderate. Self-reported intentions and behaviours to provide physical literacy and PA opportunities were high. Except for understanding, there were no associations between physical literacy components and intentions and behaviours. The physical literacy of educators may not inform intentions and behaviours to provide physical literacy and PA opportunities were high. Except for understanding, there were no associations between physical literacy components and intentions and behaviours. The physical literacy of educators may not inform intentions and behaviours to provide physical literacy and PA within ECEC frameworks.

A review of the use and validation of one-item 'scales' in prominent health psychology journals

This study will examine the predictors of adjustment to civilian life among veterans of the Canadian Armed Forces who have transitioned out of active service within the previous 5 years.

BackgroundThe number of adults across the globe with significant depressive symptoms has grown substantially during the COVID-19 pandemic. The extant literature supports exercise as a potent behaviour that can significantly reduce depressive symptoms in clinical and non-clinical populations.ObjectiveUsing a suite of mobile applications, at-home exercise, including high intensity interval training (HIIT) and/or yoga, was completed to reduce depressive symptoms in the general population in the early months of the pandemic.MethodsA 6-week, parallel, multiarm, pragmatic randomised controlled trial was completed with four groups: (1) HIIT, (2) Yoga, (3) HIIT+yoga, and (4) waitlist control (WLC). Low active, English-speaking, non-retired Canadians aged 18–64 years were included. Depressive symptoms were measured at baseline and weekly following randomisation.ResultsA total of 334 participants were randomised to one of four groups. No differences in depressive symptoms were evident at baseline. The results of latent growth modelling showed significant treatment effects in depressive symptoms for each active group compared with the WLC, with small effect sizes (ESs) in the community-based sample of participants. Treatment groups were not significantly different from each other. Effect sizes were very large (eg, week 6 ES range=−2.34 to −2.52) when restricting the analysis only to participants with high depressive symptoms at baseline.ConclusionsAt-home exercise is a potent behaviour to improve mental health in adults during the pandemic, especially in those with increased levels of depressive symptoms. Promotion of at-home exercise may be a global public health target with important personal, social and economic implications as the world emerges scathed by the pandemic.Trial registration numberNCT04400279.

Background and Context: The transition to civilian life can bring about substantive challenges for military veterans. This was highlighted in a prominent 2014 report by Canada’s Senate Subcommittee on Veterans affairs (Dallaire & Wells, 2014). Particular challenges include a loss of identity, feelings of loneliness and isolation (Wilson et al., 2018), difficulties with finding and retaining employment (Dallaire & Wells, 2014), substance misuse (Tam et al., 2020), and problems adjusting to very different work and cultural environments. A growing body of scientific evidence also indicates that military veterans are at notable risk of depleted mental health (e.g., depression, suicide ideation) (Shields et al., 2016). On leaving the military, many veterans are difficult to reach, while others are often reluctant to access support services (Shields et al., 2016), with men in particular reluctant to seek help from professionals (McCreary, 2019). A review of military veterans’ programs, conducted by the Movember Foundation (McCreary, 2019), revealed that much of the evidence to date related to mental health programs for military veterans has been of low quality (i.e., poor validity evidence, weak research designs), with limited evidence for program effectiveness. In this study, we will broaden the evaluation (e.g., assess its impact on mental and physical health) and reach (e.g. extend to other Canadian cities) of our recently developed pilot program, Purpose After Service through Sport (PASS), which was completed in Vancouver in 2020 and assessed for its feasibility and acceptability (see Waldhauser et al., 2021). The results from this pilot study revealed that the program was well-received (by both military leadership and veterans themselves), fostered a sense of social connectivity among veterans, resulted in (self-reported) physical and psychological health benefits, and displayed considerable potential for scale up and evaluation using a randomized controlled trial (RCT) design. The project directly addresses limitations revealed in the Movember Foundation Report (McCreary, 2019) and draws from four established and well validated lines of research. First, there is compelling evidence for the role of physical activity in buffering against mental health deficits (e.g., depression, anxiety, PTSD) and promoting psychological well-being (Kvam et al., 2016; McDowell et al., 2019; Rosenbaum et al., 2015). Second, group-based initiatives that foster social connectivity have been found to result in significant improvements in quality of life, self-esteem, and cognitive health, as well as reductions in anxiety, depression, and stress (Steffens et al., 2019). Third, PASS represents the first program, that we are aware of, to support veteran well-being that takes a gendered lens. As McCreary (2019) noted in the Movember report, a major limitation of existing programs is that “No-one is applying a gendered lens to the programs they develop and implement”, p. 8). Finally, our project will use a randomized trial design to comprehensively examine the efficacy of the program to support military veteran well-being. When taken together, our PASS Randomized Trial draws from the empirical evidence related to (a) the mental health benefits of regular physical activity, (b) benefits of group-based programs that foster social connectivity, (c) the importance of, and potential derived from, developing and implementing gender-sensitized programs, and (d) our initial pilot study.

Healthcare workers (HCWs, i.e., nurses, physicians, hospital staffs) report greater distress, depression, and poorer physical health than the average employed global citizen. These disparities have only been amplified in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Recent international studies have shown that there is an increase in reported depression, anxiety, insomnia, and distress (34.0-71.4%) in healthcare workers (HCW) who have been exposed to COVID-19 patients. These negative outcomes during the pandemic are supported by a large (N = 105338) international study on which I am co-investigator (iCARE Study). Preliminary analyses with Canadian representative data (Total N = 18018; HCW N=1069 identify that from June 2020 to June 2021, HCW’s quality of life has worsened (26% to 48%; 10% more among women) and HCWs feel anxious (to a great extent: 19% to 24%; and somewhat: 29% to 36%) and depressed (to a great extent: 10% to 14%; and somewhat: 29% to 34%%). These findings, along with several international studies, suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic has more negatively impacted HCWs than in the general population. The temporal effect, access to resources, and sociodemographic index will be considered in this meta-meta-analysis.

This is a two-part project that will be exploring who adheres to an exercise intervention and who responds best to an intervention. This is an exploratory secondary analysis of data collected for the COPE Trial. First, participants will be classified will be classified based on their exercise trajectories over the intervention. Then, baseline features (Psychological measures and demographic variables) will be used to predict trajectory class membership. This will help to identify who adheres to the intervention. This process will then be repeated for depressive symptom trajectories using the previous features in addition to adherence trajectory class.

Recent technological and methodological advances have seen a rapid increase in the development and use of wearable technologies, advancing the study and practice of precision health for individuals across real-world contexts and health statuses. This narrative review highlights the recent scientific advances and emerging challenges of wearable technologies. We first review the advantages of monitoring physical activity using wearable technologies over self-reports and examine commercially available devices' reliability and validity. Next, we point to the utility of wearable technologies in naturalistic environments to examine temporal associations between physical activity with other health behaviors, psychological processes, and ambulatory markers of disease that can inform the clinical practice of precision health. We further identify studies that use wearable technologies to facilitate behavior change across different populations, highlighting the need to adapt interventions for different individuals, contexts, and disorders. Balanced against these opportunities, we also highlight several challenges facing the field of precision monitoring. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).