Search

Административное судопроизводство имеет своей целью разрешение споров в административной или иной публичной сфере. Из этого следует ключевая особенность не только всего разбирательства, но и субъектного состава его участников, в частности лиц, участвующих в деле, рассмотренная в статье.

В статье рассматриваются процессуальные особенности трудовых споров с участием иностранных граждан. Авторами анализируется судебная практика по трудовым спорам, осложненным иностранным элементом.

To evaluate the relationship between blood pressure (BP) profile and blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability in age-related cerebral microangiopathy (CMA) in patients with- and without controlled arterial hypertension (AH).24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM), brain MRI, including T1-weighted dynamic contrast images, were performed in 53 patients with CMA (age 60.1±6.8, women 69.8%, controlled hypertension/normal BP 84.8%/15.2%) and 17 healthy volunteers.ABPM showed good control of AH with most of the assessed parameters associated with the severity of white matter hyperintensity (WMH). The permeability of the BBB in normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) and gray matter in patients with CMA was significantly higher than in the control group and was associated with ABPM parameters. The permeability of the BBB in WMH decreased with an increase in its severity.BBB permeability is a universal mechanism of NAWM and gray matter damage that supports the progression of WMH in CMA patients with controlled AH and without AH. The relationship of increased BBB permeability with slight deviations of ABPM can be explained by common mechanisms of their development due to endothelial dysfunction due to CMA and also points to the utility of more aggressive AH treatment. It is advisable to study the effect of antihypertensive and vascular drugs on BBB permeability with a view to their potential use in CMA.Оценить связь профиля артериального давления (АД) с проницаемостью гематоэнцефалического барьера (ГЭБ) у пациентов с возрастзависимой церебральной микроангиопатией (ЦМА) с контролируемой артериальной гипертензией (АГ) и без АГ.Суточное мониторирование АД (СМАД), МРТ головы, в том числе в режиме T1-динамического контрастирования, проведены 53 пациентам с ЦМА (возраст 60,1±6,8 года, 69,8% женщин, контролируемая АГ/нормотоники — 84,8%/15,2%) и 17 здоровым.СМАД показало хороший контроль АГ при связи большинства оцениваемых показателей с выраженностью гиперинтенсивности белого вещества (ГИБВ). Проницаемость ГЭБ в неизмененном белом веществе (НИБВ) и в сером веществе при ЦМА значимо превышала показатели контрольной группы и имела связи с рядом показателей СМАД. Проницаемость ГЭБ в зоне ГИБВ снижалась с нарастанием ее выраженности.Проницаемость ГЭБ является универсальным механизмом повреждения НИБВ и серого вещества, поддерживающим прогрессирование ГИБВ у пациентов с ЦМА с контролируемой АГ и без АГ. Связь повышенной проницаемости ГЭБ с небольшими отклонениями СМАД может объясняться едиными механизмами их развития вследствие эндотелиальной дисфункции, а также указывает на целесообразность более агрессивного лечения АГ. Необходимо дальнейшее изучение действия антигипертензивных и вазоактивных препаратов на проницаемость ГЭБ с целью их потенциального использования при ЦМА.

В статье рассматриваются некоторые из теоретических аспектов, связанных с понятием корпоративных споров в арбитражном процессе. Автором проводится анализ тех положений законодательства, которые были введены для рассмотрения данной категории дел в рамках арбитражного процесса, а также показана правовая необходимость подобной реформы. Проанализированы также ряд положений законодательства, которые позволили выделить необходимые критерии для разграничения гражданских и корпоративных споров. Методология работы включает в себя общенаучные методы познания и метод анализа.

Encrusted cystitis (IC) is a rare chronic inflammatory disorder of the bladder characterized by mucosal inflammation with encrustations. This pathological process is directly related to the activity of urea-splitting bacteria in the urine. Bladder encrustations are deposits of ammonium and magnesium phosphate, as well as struvite, on the surface of the urothelium. However, the pathogenesis of this disease has not been thoroughly studied. Treatment of encrusted cystitis is aimed to complete eradication of the uropathogen, surgical removal of encrustations, and lowering urine pH. Early diagnosis is a key prerequisite for effective treatment.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a multifactorial genetically determined immune-mediated skin disease. It is difficult to treat and significantly affects patients quality of life. The development of an integrated approach focusing on atopic multimorbidity, implementation of validated control tools and distinction of clinical parameters specific for different phenotypes of severe forms of disease is especially relevant to patients resistant to standard therapy techniques. Dupilumab, a biologic, is approved for the treatment of the resistant group of patients with moderate to severe AD in the Russian Federation. Dupilumab inhibits the functions of two key cytokines of T2-mediated inflammation IL-4 and IL-13. The article presents personal experience of the authors concerning individual approach to the choice of therapy for the management of this cohort of patients in routine clinical practice. The disease aggravating criteria were determined, which are fundamental for the formation of individual patient portrait for the biologic (dupilumab) treatment for severe AD.

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is widely used in ophthalmological practice. The review presents the results of OCT in patients with somatotropin-producing pituitary adenoma, or somatotropinoma, which is a hormone-active tumor of the adenohypophysis, characterized by excessive production of somatotropic hormone (STH). It stimulates the secretion of type I insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I). The mechanisms of STH action (pro-angiogenic action, stimulation endothelial cell proliferation and migration, development of endothelial dysfunction and retinal edema) requires much attention to the results of examination of patients with somatotropinomas using modern diagnostic methods, such as OCT.

A case with ophthalmological manifestations of two genetically determined diseases in one patient with a progressive decrease in visual functions is considered. The clinical picture and modern diagnostic methods necessary for the clinical diagnosis are reflected. The rare occurrence of combinations of congenital diseases of the cornea and optic nerve disc requires special attention during ophthalmological examination. Key words: corneal dystrophy, comorbidity, inherited diseases, optic nerve atrophy, optic disc drusen.

Lung metastases (LM) in differentiated thyroid cancer in children occur in 7-30% of cases, 3-4 times more often than in adults. Early diagnosis of LM improves the results of radioiodine therapy and the rate of complete remissions. We present a clinical case demonstrating the specific features of LM diagnosis in children. Patient G., a 9-year-old boy, was for two years observed for excessive body weight. Ultrasound thyroid gland examination revealed multiple hypoechogenic nodules, cytologically verified papillary cancer. Computed tomography (CT) of the chest revealed subpleural foci up to 3 mm in both lungs, which were more consistent with intrapulmonary lymph nodes, but did not completely rule out metastatic lesions. A thyroidectomy with central and lateral neck dissections was performed in January 2022. Histologic examination revealed multifocal papillary cancer growth in the entire thyroid gland with Tall cell sites and metastases to multiple cervical lymph nodes. According to TNM classification (American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC), 8th edition), the tumor grade was considered as pT2N1bM0, stage I. Seven weeks after surgical treatment, the patient underwent whole body scintigraphy with I-123 (24 hours after I-123 injection for 50 MBq) followed by radioiodine therapy on endogenous TSH-stimulation (4 weeks of L-thyroxine withdrawal). Scintigraphy with I-123 (whole-body and SPECT/CT) did not detect iodine-accumulating tissue. However, post-therapy (72 hours after administration of 2 GBq I-131) scintigraphy (whole-body and SPECT/CT) revealed residual thyroid tissue and diffuse accumulation of I-131 in both lungs. The TSH-stimulated thyroglobulin was 118 ng/ml, and thyroglobulin antibodies were 21 IU/ml. Pathological accumulation of I-131 in the lungs in combination with the elevated thyroglobulin level and chest CT findings were regarded as LM, therefore the tumor process was restaged — pT2N1bM1, stage II and radioiodine therapy was planned to continue.Conclusion. In this clinical case, when diagnosing LM, the result of scintigraphy with I-123 was false-negative, and chest CT scan was uncertain, requiring dynamic monitoring. Scintigraphy after administration of I-131 therapeutic activity revealed LM, thereby changing further treatment strategy to continued radioiodine therapy and increasing the possibility of achieving complete disease remission. Factors associated with LM were miltifocal growth, massive neck lymph node involvement and high TSH-stimulated thyroglobulin levels.

Of the work is a cross-cultural analysis of the characteristics of student response in a pandemic situation.The sample consisted of students of NSMU and the Kazakh National University. Al-Farabi in the amount of 37 people aged 20 to 23; The battery of psychological methods was compiled by Spielberger and Khanina; Mississippi Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Scale (civil version) and PSM-25 Psychological Stress Scale.52.7% of respondents showed an average level of stress, 47.3% - a low level, which indicates insufficient psychological adaptation to psychological stress. High rates of personal and situational anxiety were diagnosed in 67.57% of cases; the average level of reactive anxiety - in 29.73% of cases and personal - in 27.03% of respondents. The majority of respondents showed average levels of post-traumatic stress reactions (50%,Adapting to changing academic workloads in a pandemic situation does not contribute to the psychological well-being of students, as evidenced by the results of diagnosing anxiety and post-traumatic stress reactions. The results obtained emphasize the importance of taking into account cultural factors in stressful situations.Cross-cultural differences in the level of emotional response of students in a pandemic situation were revealed.Кросскультуральный анализ особенностей реагирования студентов в ситуации пандемии.Выборку составили 37 студентов (возраст от 20 до 23 лет) НГМУ и 37 студентов (возраст от 20 до 22 лет) Казахского Национального Университета им. Аль-Фараби. Психологические методики представлены шкалой тревоги Спилбергера и Ханина, Миссисипской шкалой посттравматического стрессового расстройства (гражданский вариант) и шкалой психологического стресса PSM-25.52,7% респондентов показали средний уровень стресса, 47,3% — низкий уровень, что свидетельствует о недостаточной адаптированности к психологическим нагрузкам. Высокие показатели личностной и ситуативной тревожности диагностированы в 67,57% случаев; средний уровень реактивной тревожности — в 29,73% и личностной — в 27,03%. У большинства респондентов выявлены средние показатели посттравматических стрессовых реакций (50%,Адаптация к изменившимся учебным нагрузкам в ситуации пандемии не способствует психологическому благополучию студентов, о чем свидетельствуют результаты диагностики тревожности и посттравматических стрессовых реакций. Полученные результаты подчеркивают важность учета культуральных факторов при стрессовых ситуациях.Выявлены кросскультуральные различия в уровне эмоционального реагирования студентов в ситуации пандемии.

Fresh vegetable raw materials have a limited shelf life, therefore, it is necessary to develop gentle methods of canning tomatoes, which allow to preserve the valuable components of the raw material to the maximum extent. In this regard, the task of improving the drying method with maximum preservation of physiologically valuable substances of the raw material is very urgent. Research has been carried out on the kinetics and modeling of the tomato drying process, the task of which was to develop the technology of gentle drying of tomato raw materials with the maximum preservation of the original useful properties. We have developed a technology for obtaining protein, lipid and other products of increased biological value from tomato pomace and recommendations for their use. The method of obtaining lycopene from tomatoes is crushing the fruits, from the resulting mass, the pulp is extracted using the solvent used ethyl acetate. The resulting extract consists of tomato oil, which, in addition to lycopene, contains a number of other components, such as fatty acids (myristic acid, palmitic acid, steoric acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, behenic acid, and others), unsaponifiables and soluble substances in water, phosphorus compounds, phospholifids. The obtained lycopene extract from tomatoes is also intended for use in the following food categories: baked goods, breakfast cereals, dairy products, carbonated drinks, fruit and vegetable juices, sweets, soups, salad dressings. The lycopene extract obtained from tomatoes can also be used as a dietary supplement. It is stable when stored at room temperature and at 4 ? for 37 months.

Aim. The aim of the research has been: to study the theoretical basis of the application of assessment of economic damage from environmental pollution in the field of environmental auditing and accounting, to identify problems in existing methods and approaches and to propose specific ways to solve them taking into account current legislation and international experience.Material and Methods. The research carried out by the authors was based on the provisions of current legal regulations in the fields of environmental safety and environmental protection, damage assessment in the environmental sphere together with data from scientific articles by both domestic and foreign experts in the field of environmental auditing. The study was conducted using theoretical methods of research including analysis, deduction and prediction.Results. The authors propose moving away from traditional cost (taxation) methods to the consolidation in regulatory practice of a single approach to the assessment of economic damage taking into account actuarial valuation methodology, application of sanctions instruments to those unscrupulously infringing environmental regulations and the possibility of discounting the costs of restoring the environment and damage done to public health.Conclusion. Adoption of common approaches and principles in the assessment of economic damage will help eliminate negative manipulations when imposing economic sanctions on those unscrupulously engaged in activities impacting on the environment and will provide an opportunity to improve the environmental situation and public health in the long term.

The special conditions during the pandemic show the problems and raised actuality of questions about the safe organization of planned work of non-infectious hospitals for the managment of oncological patients. The surgical component of treatment, as an integral part of oncological care, should be considered as urgent, since the delay in its realisation inevitably worsens the results of treatment. On the other hand surgical operations in the epidemic condition is associated with the obvious additional risks. The article describes the experience of implementing elements of the system of anti-epidemic measures in a oncological surgical hospital, examines the objective characteristics of the situation that affect its components and analyzes their effectiveness.

The article describes a clinical case of kidney stone disease (KSD) in a child of 4 y.o. with calcium urolithiasis. Analysis of chemical content of the kidney stones revealed their calcium-oxalate composition. According to the results of clinical exome sequencing the patient found to be a heterozygous carrier of a pathogenic variant c.695A>G (p.Tyr232Cys) in the gene SLC7A9, attributable for an autosomal recessive form of cystinuria type B. Because of the uroliths calcium composition the patient was also genotyped for SNPs in 15 genes involved in calcium metabolism. Polymorphisms associated with increased risk of calcium urolithiasis were found in 8 of 15 tested genes. The findings could explain clinical features of the patient.