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101. Early Detection of Breast Cancer among Women in Mazandaran, Iran

Author

A Naghibi, D Shojaeezade, A Montazeri, and J yazdani

Subjects
Breast Cancer, Self Examination, Clinical Examination, Mammography, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Background and purpose: After lung cancer, breast cancer, among the prevalent cancers of the world is of the most widespread disease among women. It is the most common cause of mortality among women. This study aimed to analyze the results using breast cancer screening methods among women over 20 years old. Materials and methods: The present study is a cross-sectional-descriptive research. The sample volume is 1416 women over 20 years in Mazandaran province. One hundred forty one clusters of 10 families including 81 urban clusters and 60 rural clusters were determined at thought the province. The questionnaires were completed by the subjects through direct administration. The data were analyzed using SPSS (version 16) statistical software and descriptive and inferential statistical methods. Results: The results show that 46% of study women had self – examination record and 14.3% of them had regular and monthly self – examination, 38% of women had breast clinical examination by a physician. And 20.7%, breast clinical examination was done regularly and annually. Fourteen percent of women had mammography record, in which only 3.5% was done at a regular time interval every 3 years. Conclusion: According to the findings, women performance about the early detection of breast cancer was not satisfactory. Thus, planning and designing appropriate educational interventions within socio-cultural conditions and using health training models can lead to promoting breast cancer early detection performance among women over 20 years.

Published
2013

102. Exploring the Experiences of Iranian Women with Breast Cancer: A Qualitative Study

Author

AS Sajadian and A Montazeri

Subjects
Breast cancer, Qualitative study, Chemotherapy, Iran, Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Abstract

Background & Objectives: The experience of patients with breast cancer may vary in different cultures. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore the experiences of women with breast cancer in Iran. Methods: Fifty one participants were recruited from a university-affiliated breast clinic in Tehran. In-depth interviews each lasting approximately one hour per participant were scheduled and conducted in a private room. The interviews intended to motivate the participants to reflect on their life experiences since the cancer diagnosis. The interviews were tape-recorded and were transcribed to elucidate the major themes encountered in the interviews. Results: The mean age of patients was 48.8 years (SD = 10.5), 44 were married, one was single, and six were widowed or divorced. Forty-eight participants underwent radical mastectomy and 13 patients received breast-conserving surgery. Thirty-five (69%) patients received chemotherapy. Overall eight major themes emerged from the analysis. These were: importance of God and spiritual beliefs, importance of family support especially husbands and children during the diagnosis and treatment, difficult times during receiving mammography results, experiencing an ambiguous condition while losing their breasts, fear of recurrence, concerns about children, and chemotherapy as the worst experience during the course of treatment.

Published
2011

103. Review in relationship of quality of life with occupational accidents in RudbarLorestan Dam & plant in 1389

Author

A Barkhordari, J Shirazi, GH Halvani, MH Baghianimoghaddam, H Fallahzadeh, L Sabzemakan, and A Montazeri

Subjects
quality of life, accident, questionnaire, sf-36, dam, Special situations and conditions, RC952-1245
Abstract

Abstract Background: Occupational accidents are one of the great problems in the world and they created greatest and most hardship damages, because the damage of accidents can affect on peoples mental and body health then this study have been performed intending to understanding relationship of quality of life and occupational accidents. Methods: This study is case-control and sample size of case group were 113 worker which consist of affected persons by occupational accidents in RudbarLorestan Dam & plant during of 1384-88 and sample size of control group are 113 which these were matched with the case group by age and they didn't expose to occupational accidents .Search tools is quality of life questionnaire-SF36- have been translated to Persian that its reliability and validity have been approved. The workers were asked fill in questionnaire. The date were analized by SPPS-17 and by Kruskal-Wallis and Man-Whitney tests and spearman correlation coefficient. Results: This study results indicated that average scores of quality of life dimensions in case and control group were physical functioning 86.23±21.20 and 90.17±17.87, role limitation due to physical problem 61.50±38.24 and 78.76±32.77, bodily pain 63.04±30.7 and 83.65±21.96 , general health 61.55±19.7 and 58.61 ±17.1, vitality 61.32±20.7 and 63.31±14.16, social functioning 50.33±15.53 and 58.61±17.1,role limitations due to emotional problems 54.57 ±38.59 and 70.2±37.36, mental health 65.65± 18.61 and 65.2±16.2, respectively. Conclusion: According to the obtained results, physical component summary of injured workers had significant differences (p

Published
2011

104. Velocity-Based LOD Reduction in Virtual Reality: A Psychometric Approach

Author

Petrescu, David, Warren, Paul A., Montazeri, Zahra, and Pettifer, Stephen

Subjects
Computer Science - Graphics, Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction, I.3
Abstract

Virtual Reality headsets enable users to explore the environment by performing self-induced movements. The retinal velocity produced by such motion reduces the visual system's ability to resolve fine detail. We measured the impact of self-induced head rotations on the ability to detect quality changes of a realistic 3D model in an immersive virtual reality environment. We varied the Level-of-Detail (LOD) as a function of rotational head velocity with different degrees of severity. Using a psychophysical method, we asked 17 participants to identify which of the two presented intervals contained the higher quality model under two different maximum velocity conditions. After fitting psychometric functions to data relating the percentage of correct responses to the aggressiveness of LOD manipulations, we identified the threshold severity for which participants could reliably (75\%) detect the lower LOD model. Participants accepted an approximately four-fold LOD reduction even in the low maximum velocity condition without a significant impact on perceived quality, which suggests that there is considerable potential for optimisation when users are moving (increased range of perceptual uncertainty). Moreover, LOD could be degraded significantly more in the maximum head velocity condition, suggesting these effects are indeed speed dependent.

Published
2023

105. Learning to Rasterize Differentiably

Author

Wu, Chenghao, Mailee, Hamila, Montazeri, Zahra, and Ritschel, Tobias

Subjects
Computer Science - Graphics, Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract

Differentiable rasterization changes the standard formulation of primitive rasterization -- by enabling gradient flow from a pixel to its underlying triangles -- using distribution functions in different stages of rendering, creating a "soft" version of the original rasterizer. However, choosing the optimal softening function that ensures the best performance and convergence to a desired goal requires trial and error. Previous work has analyzed and compared several combinations of softening. In this work, we take it a step further and, instead of making a combinatorial choice of softening operations, parameterize the continuous space of common softening operations. We study meta-learning tunable softness functions over a set of inverse rendering tasks (2D and 3D shape, pose and occlusion) so it generalizes to new and unseen differentiable rendering tasks with optimal softness., Comment: Published at Computer Graphics Forum (EGSR 2024), code see https://github.com/Theo-Wu/MetaRas, project webpage see https://theo-wu.github.io/MetaRas/

Published
2022
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106. Overcoming leakage in scalable quantum error correction

Author

Miao, Kevin C., McEwen, Matt, Atalaya, Juan, Kafri, Dvir, Pryadko, Leonid P., Bengtsson, Andreas, Opremcak, Alex, Satzinger, Kevin J., Chen, Zijun, Klimov, Paul V., Quintana, Chris, Acharya, Rajeev, Anderson, Kyle, Ansmann, Markus, Arute, Frank, Arya, Kunal, Asfaw, Abraham, Bardin, Joseph C., Bourassa, Alexandre, Bovaird, Jenna, Brill, Leon, Buckley, Bob B., Buell, David A., Burger, Tim, Burkett, Brian, Bushnell, Nicholas, Campero, Juan, Chiaro, Ben, Collins, Roberto, Conner, Paul, Crook, Alexander L., Curtin, Ben, Debroy, Dripto M., Demura, Sean, Dunsworth, Andrew, Erickson, Catherine, Fatemi, Reza, Ferreira, Vinicius S., Burgos, Leslie Flores, Forati, Ebrahim, Fowler, Austin G., Foxen, Brooks, Garcia, Gonzalo, Giang, William, Gidney, Craig, Giustina, Marissa, Gosula, Raja, Dau, Alejandro Grajales, Gross, Jonathan A., Hamilton, Michael C., Harrington, Sean D., Heu, Paula, Hilton, Jeremy, Hoffmann, Markus R., Hong, Sabrina, Huang, Trent, Huff, Ashley, Iveland, Justin, Jeffrey, Evan, Jiang, Zhang, Jones, Cody, Kelly, Julian, Kim, Seon, Kostritsa, Fedor, Kreikebaum, John Mark, Landhuis, David, Laptev, Pavel, Laws, Lily, Lee, Kenny, Lester, Brian J., Lill, Alexander T., Liu, Wayne, Locharla, Aditya, Lucero, Erik, Martin, Steven, Megrant, Anthony, Mi, Xiao, Montazeri, Shirin, Morvan, Alexis, Naaman, Ofer, Neeley, Matthew, Neill, Charles, Nersisyan, Ani, Newman, Michael, Ng, Jiun How, Nguyen, Anthony, Nguyen, Murray, Potter, Rebecca, Rocque, Charles, Roushan, Pedram, Sankaragomathi, Kannan, Schuster, Christopher, Shearn, Michael J., Shorter, Aaron, Shutty, Noah, Shvarts, Vladimir, Skruzny, Jindra, Smith, W. Clarke, Sterling, George, Szalay, Marco, Thor, Douglas, Torres, Alfredo, White, Theodore, Woo, Bryan W. K., Yao, Z. Jamie, Yeh, Ping, Yoo, Juhwan, Young, Grayson, Zalcman, Adam, Zhu, Ningfeng, Zobrist, Nicholas, Neven, Hartmut, Smelyanskiy, Vadim, Petukhov, Andre, Korotkov, Alexander N., Sank, Daniel, and Chen, Yu

Subjects
Quantum Physics
Abstract

Leakage of quantum information out of computational states into higher energy states represents a major challenge in the pursuit of quantum error correction (QEC). In a QEC circuit, leakage builds over time and spreads through multi-qubit interactions. This leads to correlated errors that degrade the exponential suppression of logical error with scale, challenging the feasibility of QEC as a path towards fault-tolerant quantum computation. Here, we demonstrate the execution of a distance-3 surface code and distance-21 bit-flip code on a Sycamore quantum processor where leakage is removed from all qubits in each cycle. This shortens the lifetime of leakage and curtails its ability to spread and induce correlated errors. We report a ten-fold reduction in steady-state leakage population on the data qubits encoding the logical state and an average leakage population of less than $1 \times 10^{-3}$ throughout the entire device. The leakage removal process itself efficiently returns leakage population back to the computational basis, and adding it to a code circuit prevents leakage from inducing correlated error across cycles, restoring a fundamental assumption of QEC. With this demonstration that leakage can be contained, we resolve a key challenge for practical QEC at scale., Comment: Main text: 7 pages, 5 figures

Published
2022
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107. Substances Involved in Human Poisoning a Comparison between Intentional and Accidental Poisoning Cases

Author

SA Azin, A Shahidzadeh Mahani, M Abadi, S Omidvari, and A Montazeri

Subjects
Suicide, Attempted Suicide, Accidental Poisoning, Intentional Poisoning, Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Abstract

Background & Objectives: Self-poisoning is one of the oldest and most common forms of self-harm and a frequent incident of referring to hospital poisoning wards. Especially for cases involving suicidal intention, incidence and secular trends are closely related to the types of drugs and substances available. Methods: This research was conducted in 2004 to examine the epidemiology of attempted suicide by poisoning and the total case load of hospital poisoning wards. The study involved 723 poisoning cases in major referral hospitals located in cities of Tehran, Shiraz, Tabriz, Kermanshah, Mashad, and Esfahan. Results: Seventy-six percent of the cases were identified as suicide attempts; the most common substances used for this purpose were medications (80.9%), chemical poisons (10.7%), psychotropic substances (5.1%), and other chemicals such as detergents and bleaching agents (3.2%). Notably, about a third of the cases were due to benzodiazepine ingestion. The most common cause of accidental poisoning was psychotropic substance overdose (44.2%), predominantly opioids. Conclusions: Considering the prevalent use of medications and psychotropic agents in suicide attempts and the relatively high proportion of suicide cases in hospital poisoning wards indicating strategies for primary, secondary and tertiary prevention of this common and urgent problem.

Published
2008

115. Abstract 4140192: Time Trends in Outcomes of Trans-Catheter Aortic Valve Replacement with Balloon-expanding Versus Self-expanding Valves: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Author

Tavakoli, Kiarash, hosseini mohammadi, negin sadat, Bahiraie, Pegah, Saeidi, Sahar, Shaker, Farhad, Soltani Moghadam, Arman, Montazeri Namin, Sara, Rahban, Habib, Pawar, Shubhadarshini, Tajdini, Masih, Soleimani, Hamidreza, Jenab: Cardiology Practice, Yaser, Makkar, Raj, Nanna, Michael, Iskander, Fady, Alkhouli, Mohamad Adnan, Gupta, Aakriti, and Hosseini, Kaveh

Published
2024
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116. Quality of Life in Multiple Sclerosis Compared to the Healthy Population in Tehran

Author

S Nedjat, A Montazeri, K Mohammad, R Majdzadeh, N Nabavi, F Nedjat, M Nabavi, and K Holakouie Naieni

Subjects
Multiple sclerosis, Quality of life, WHOQOL-BREF, Iran, Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Abstract

Background & Objectives: For those with a chronic illness, suffering may result not only from physical limitations, but also from the psychosocial consequences of having a chronic condition. Therefore, simply measuring physical health is not enough anymore. It is necessary to evaluate quality of life as an important clinical outcome in these patients. We conducted the present study to measure quality of life (QoL) in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and its predictors in comparison with the general population in Tehran, using a generic and overall QoL instrument, the WHOQOL-BREF (World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREIF). This questionnaire comprises four domains including physical health, mental health, social relationships, and environmental health. For each domain, scores range from 4 to 20, higher scores corresponding to a more favorable QOL. Methods: This study was of cross-sectional type and involved 145 selected systematically patients registered in the Iranian Multiple Sclerosis Society. The WHOQOL-Questionnaire was filled in for these patients through telephone interviews. The results were compared with quality of life scores from the general population obtained from a population-based study in Tehran. Multiple regression was used for data analysis. Results: The response rate was 97%; 73.8% of participants were female, the mean age of participants was 36.5 (SD = 10.4) years, and the mean years of their formal education was 12.5 (SD=3.6). Mean scores for physical health, psychological health, social relationship and environmental health were 11.5 (SD=3.2), 11.8 (SD=3.2), 12.7 (SD=3.1), and 11.5 (SD=2.7), respectively. In comparison with the general population, the patients' scores in all domains were significantly lower than in the general population. Severity of disease and education level had a relationship with domain scores in regression analysis. Conclusions: The WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire can discriminate between these patients’ quality of life and that of the general population and show the effect of disease severity and demographic variables on quality of life. Therefore the questionnaire can be used in this group of patients, although it may be necessary to add some specific questions to make the tool more sensitive in evaluating quality of life from a clinical perspective. Educational interventions are recommended to improve quality of life in this group of patients.

Published
2006

117. Socio-Economic Health Inequalities and their Indices in Epidemiologic Studies

Author

M Vahdaninia and A Montazeri

Subjects
Health inequalities, Socio-economic inequalities in health, Socio-economic status, Epidemiologic studies, Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Abstract

The term "health inequalities" is not a descriptive one: it refers to discrepancies in morbidity and mortality, life expectancy, disability life adjusted years, etc that are due to differences in such factors as socioeconomic status, gender and race/ethnicity. Socio-economic inequalities are the differences in health status (e.g. disease prevalence and incidence rates) across various socio-economic groups. In Europe, measuring socio-economic health inequalities has long been a major research topic. However, there have been relatively few experimental studies in Asia, especially in developing countries. In the social context, measurement of socio-economic status is based on income, educational level and employment status. Stratifying the socio-economic groups based on a hierarchy identifies the pattern of morbidity and mortality in each socio-economic stratum. It also shows the exact relationship between socio-economic status and health. The main data sources for determination of population health status and measuring health inequalities are registries and cross-sectional surveys. It seems that monitoring, prevention and evaluation of health inequalities, especially with a focus on socio-economic level has been neglected in developing countries, including Iran. Due to the lack of formal registries on population health status in these countries, designing cross-sectional and population-based studies would be a useful approach in the prevention and monitoring of health inequalities.

Published
2006

118. Quality of Life in Women with Different Intensity of Low Back Pain

Author

SS Tavafian, H Eftekhar, K Mohammad, AR Jamshidi, A Montazeri, D Shojaeezadeh, and F Ghofranipour

Subjects
SF-36 questionnaire, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

It is widely believed that pain has a profound effect on health related quality of life. This study was conducted to assess quality of life in patients suffering from different density of chronic low back pain. The sample consisted of 101 patients with chronic low back pain attending to the Rheumatology Research Center of Tehran University of Medical Sciences between July and September 2003. All patients were female, married, aged 18 years or over and underwent rheumatologic clinical examination. Data were collected by face-to-face interviews using the Iranian version of the Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). Relative to mean score of bodily pain, patients were divided into 2 groups: severe pain group (group 1) and mild pain group (group 2). Then, quality of life scores was compared between these two groups. Independent sample t-test was applied and the results showed that there were significant differences between quality of life scores among people with different intensity of low back pain in all dimensions but the role emotional and social functioning scales. The findings from this study confirm that quality of life in patients with low back pain depending on its intensity may vary.

Published
2005

119. Purification-based quantum error mitigation of pair-correlated electron simulations

Author

O'Brien, T. E., Anselmetti, G., Gkritsis, F., Elfving, V. E., Polla, S., Huggins, W. J., Oumarou, O., Kechedzhi, K., Abanin, D., Acharya, R., Aleiner, I., Allen, R., Andersen, T. I., Anderson, K., Ansmann, M., Arute, F., Arya, K., Asfaw, A., Atalaya, J., Bacon, D., Bardin, J. C., Bengtsson, A., Boixo, S., Bortoli, G., Bourassa, A., Bovaird, J., Brill, L., Broughton, M., Buckley, B., Buell, D. A., Burger, T., Burkett, B., Bushnell, N., Campero, J., Chen, Y., Chen, Z., Chiaro, B., Chik, D., Cogan, J., Collins, R., Conner, P., Courtney, W., Crook, A. L., Curtin, B., Debroy, D. M., Demura, S., Drozdov, I., Dunsworth, A., Erickson, C., Faoro, L., Farhi, E., Fatemi, R., Ferreira, V. S., Burgos, L. Flores, Forati, E., Fowler, A. G., Foxen, B., Giang, W., Gidney, C., Gilboa, D., Giustina, M., Gosula, R., Dau, A. Grajales, Gross, J. A., Habegger, S., Hamilton, M. C., Hansen, M., Harrigan, M. P., Harrington, S. D., Heu, P., Hilton, J., Hoffmann, M. R., Hong, S., Huang, T., Huff, A., Ioffe, L. B., Isakov, S. V., Iveland, J., Jeffrey, E., Jiang, Z., Jones, C., Juhas, P., Kafri, D., Kelly, J., Khattar, T., Khezri, M., Kieferová, M., Kim, S., Klimov, P. V., Klots, A. R., Kothari, R., Korotkov, A. N., Kostritsa, F., Kreikebaum, J. M., Landhuis, D., Laptev, P., Lau, K., Laws, L., Lee, J., Lee, K., Lester, B. J., Lill, A. T., Liu, W., Livingston, W. P., Locharla, A., Lucero, E., Malone, F. D., Mandra, S., Martin, O., Martin, S., McClean, J. R., McCourt, T., McEwen, M., Megrant, A., Mi, X., Mieszala, A., Miao, K. C., Mohseni, M., Montazeri, S., Morvan, A., Movassagh, R., Mruczkiewicz, W., Naaman, O., Neeley, M., Neill, C., Nersisyan, A., Neven, H., Newman, M., Ng, J. H., Nguyen, A., Nguyen, M., Niu, M. Y., Omonije, S., Opremcak, A., Petukhov, A., Potter, R., Pryadko, L. P., Quintana, C., Rocque, C., Roushan, P., Saei, N., Sank, D., Sankaragomathi, K., Satzinger, K. J., Schurkus, H. F., Schuster, C., Shearn, M. J., Shorter, A., Shutty, N., Shvarts, V., Skruzny, J., Smelyanskiy, V., Smith, W. C., Somma, R., Sterling, G., Strain, D., Szalay, M., Thor, D., Torres, A., Vidal, G., Villalonga, B., Heidweiller, C. Vollgraff, White, T., Woo, B. W. K., Xing, C., Yao, Z. J., Yeh, P., Yoo, J., Young, G., Zalcman, A., Zhang, Y., Zhu, N., Zobrist, N., Gogolin, C., Babbush, R., and Rubin, N. C.

Subjects
Quantum Physics
Abstract

An important measure of the development of quantum computing platforms has been the simulation of increasingly complex physical systems. Prior to fault-tolerant quantum computing, robust error mitigation strategies are necessary to continue this growth. Here, we study physical simulation within the seniority-zero electron pairing subspace, which affords both a computational stepping stone to a fully correlated model, and an opportunity to validate recently introduced ``purification-based'' error-mitigation strategies. We compare the performance of error mitigation based on doubling quantum resources in time (echo verification) or in space (virtual distillation), on up to $20$ qubits of a superconducting qubit quantum processor. We observe a reduction of error by one to two orders of magnitude below less sophisticated techniques (e.g. post-selection); the gain from error mitigation is seen to increase with the system size. Employing these error mitigation strategies enables the implementation of the largest variational algorithm for a correlated chemistry system to-date. Extrapolating performance from these results allows us to estimate minimum requirements for a beyond-classical simulation of electronic structure. We find that, despite the impressive gains from purification-based error mitigation, significant hardware improvements will be required for classically intractable variational chemistry simulations., Comment: 10 pages, 13 page supplementary material, 12 figures. Experimental data available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7225821

Published
2022
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120. Non-Abelian braiding of graph vertices in a superconducting processor

Author

Andersen, Trond I., Lensky, Yuri D., Kechedzhi, Kostyantyn, Drozdov, Ilya, Bengtsson, Andreas, Hong, Sabrina, Morvan, Alexis, Mi, Xiao, Opremcak, Alex, Acharya, Rajeev, Allen, Richard, Ansmann, Markus, Arute, Frank, Arya, Kunal, Asfaw, Abraham, Atalaya, Juan, Babbush, Ryan, Bacon, Dave, Bardin, Joseph C., Bortoli, Gina, Bourassa, Alexandre, Bovaird, Jenna, Brill, Leon, Broughton, Michael, Buckley, Bob B., Buell, David A., Burger, Tim, Burkett, Brian, Bushnell, Nicholas, Chen, Zijun, Chiaro, Ben, Chik, Desmond, Chou, Charina, Cogan, Josh, Collins, Roberto, Conner, Paul, Courtney, William, Crook, Alexander L., Curtin, Ben, Debroy, Dripto M., Barba, Alexander Del Toro, Demura, Sean, Dunsworth, Andrew, Eppens, Daniel, Erickson, Catherine, Faoro, Lara, Farhi, Edward, Fatemi, Reza, Ferreira, Vinicius S., Burgos, Leslie Flores, Forati, Ebrahim, Fowler, Austin G., Foxen, Brooks, Giang, William, Gidney, Craig, Gilboa, Dar, Giustina, Marissa, Gosula, Raja, Dau, Alejandro Grajales, Gross, Jonathan A., Habegger, Steve, Hamilton, Michael C., Hansen, Monica, Harrigan, Matthew P., Harrington, Sean D., Heu, Paula, Hilton, Jeremy, Hoffmann, Markus R., Huang, Trent, Huff, Ashley, Huggins, William J., Ioffe, Lev B., Isakov, Sergei V., Iveland, Justin, Jeffrey, Evan, Jiang, Zhang, Jones, Cody, Juhas, Pavol, Kafri, Dvir, Khattar, Tanuj, Khezri, Mostafa, Kieferová, Mária, Kim, Seon, Kitaev, Alexei, Klimov, Paul V., Klots, Andrey R., Korotkov, Alexander N., Kostritsa, Fedor, Kreikebaum, John Mark, Landhuis, David, Laptev, Pavel, Lau, Kim-Ming, Laws, Lily, Lee, Joonho, Lee, Kenny, Lester, Brian J., Lill, Alexander, Liu, Wayne, Locharla, Aditya, Lucero, Erik, Malone, Fionn D., Martin, Orion, McClean, Jarrod R., McCourt, Trevor, McEwen, Matt, Miao, Kevin C., Mieszala, Amanda, Mohseni, Masoud, Montazeri, Shirin, Mount, Emily, Movassagh, Ramis, Mruczkiewicz, Wojciech, Naaman, Ofer, Neeley, Matthew, Neill, Charles, Nersisyan, Ani, Newman, Michael, Ng, Jiun How, Nguyen, Anthony, Nguyen, Murray, Niu, Murphy Yuezhen, O'Brien, Thomas E., Omonije, Seun, Petukhov, Andre, Potter, Rebecca, Pryadko, Leonid P., Quintana, Chris, Rocque, Charles, Rubin, Nicholas C., Saei, Negar, Sank, Daniel, Sankaragomathi, Kannan, Satzinger, Kevin J., Schurkus, Henry F., Schuster, Christopher, Shearn, Michael J., Shorter, Aaron, Shutty, Noah, Shvarts, Vladimir, Skruzny, Jindra, Smith, W. Clarke, Somma, Rolando, Sterling, George, Strain, Doug, Szalay, Marco, Torres, Alfredo, Vidal, Guifre, Villalonga, Benjamin, Heidweiller, Catherine Vollgraff, White, Theodore, Woo, Bryan W. K., Xing, Cheng, Yao, Z. Jamie, Yeh, Ping, Yoo, Juhwan, Young, Grayson, Zalcman, Adam, Zhang, Yaxing, Zhu, Ningfeng, Zobrist, Nicholas, Neven, Hartmut, Boixo, Sergio, Megrant, Anthony, Kelly, Julian, Chen, Yu, Smelyanskiy, Vadim, Kim, Eun-Ah, Aleiner, Igor, and Roushan, Pedram

Subjects
Quantum Physics, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed Matter - Other Condensed Matter
Abstract

Indistinguishability of particles is a fundamental principle of quantum mechanics. For all elementary and quasiparticles observed to date - including fermions, bosons, and Abelian anyons - this principle guarantees that the braiding of identical particles leaves the system unchanged. However, in two spatial dimensions, an intriguing possibility exists: braiding of non-Abelian anyons causes rotations in a space of topologically degenerate wavefunctions. Hence, it can change the observables of the system without violating the principle of indistinguishability. Despite the well developed mathematical description of non-Abelian anyons and numerous theoretical proposals, the experimental observation of their exchange statistics has remained elusive for decades. Controllable many-body quantum states generated on quantum processors offer another path for exploring these fundamental phenomena. While efforts on conventional solid-state platforms typically involve Hamiltonian dynamics of quasi-particles, superconducting quantum processors allow for directly manipulating the many-body wavefunction via unitary gates. Building on predictions that stabilizer codes can host projective non-Abelian Ising anyons, we implement a generalized stabilizer code and unitary protocol to create and braid them. This allows us to experimentally verify the fusion rules of the anyons and braid them to realize their statistics. We then study the prospect of employing the anyons for quantum computation and utilize braiding to create an entangled state of anyons encoding three logical qubits. Our work provides new insights about non-Abelian braiding and - through the future inclusion of error correction to achieve topological protection - could open a path toward fault-tolerant quantum computing.

Published
2022

121. A Complete Set of Connectivity-aware Local Topology Manipulation Operations for Robot Swarms

Author

Khateri, Koresh, Soma, Karthik, Pourgholi, Mahdi, Montazeri, Mohsen, Sabattini, Lorenzo, and Beltrame, Giovanni

Subjects
Computer Science - Robotics
Abstract

The topology of a robotic swarm affects the convergence speed of consensus and the mobility of the robots. In this paper, we prove the existence of a complete set of local topology manipulation operations that allow the transformation of a swarm topology. The set is complete in the sense that any other possible set of manipulation operations can be performed by a sequence of operations from our set. The operations are local as they depend only on the first and second hop neighbors' information to transform any initial spanning tree of the network's graph to any other connected tree with the same number of nodes. The flexibility provided by our method is similar to global methods that require full knowledge of the swarm network. We prove the existence of a sequence of transformations for any tree-to-tree transformation, and derive sequences of operations to form a line or star from any initial spanning tree. Our work provides a theoretical and practical framework for topological control of a swarm, establishing global properties using only local information.

Published
2022

122. Readout of a quantum processor with high dynamic range Josephson parametric amplifiers

Author

White, T. C., Opremcak, Alex, Sterling, George, Korotkov, Alexander, Sank, Daniel, Acharya, Rajeev, Ansmann, Markus, Arute, Frank, Arya, Kunal, Bardin, Joseph C., Bengtsson, Andreas, Bourassa, Alexandre, Bovaird, Jenna, Brill, Leon, Buckley, Bob B., Buell, David A., Burger, Tim, Burkett, Brian, Bushnell, Nicholas, Chen, Zijun, Chiaro, Ben, Cogan, Josh, Collins, Roberto, Crook, Alexander L., Curtin, Ben, Demura, Sean, Dunsworth, Andrew, Erickson, Catherine, Fatemi, Reza, Flores-Burgos, Leslie, Forati, Ebrahim, Foxen, Brooks, Giang, William, Giustina, Marissa, Dau, Alejandro Grajales, Hamilton, Michael C., Harrington, Sean D., Hilton, Jeremy, Hoffmann, Markus, Hong, Sabrina, Huang, Trent, Huff, Ashley, Iveland, Justin, Jeffrey, Evan, Kieferová, Márika, Kim, Seon, Klimov, Paul V., Kostritsa, Fedor, Kreikebaum, John Mark, Landhuis, David, Laptev, Pavel, Laws, Lily, Lee, Kenny, Lester, Brian J., Lill, Alexander, Liu, Wayne, Locharla, Aditya, Lucero, Erik, McCourt, Trevor, McEwen, Matt, Mi, Xiao, Miao, Kevin C., Montazeri, Shirin, Morvan, Alexis, Neeley, Matthew, Neill, Charles, Nersisyan, Ani, Ng, Jiun How, Nguyen, Anthony, Nguyen, Murray, Potter, Rebecca, Quintana, Chris, Roushan, Pedram, Sankaragomathi, Kannan, Satzinger, Kevin J., Schuster, Christopher, Shearn, Michael J., Shorter, Aaron, Shvarts, Vladimir, Skruzny, Jindra, Smith, W. Clarke, Szalay, Marco, Torres, Alfredo, Woo, Bryan, Yao, Z. Jamie, Yeh, Ping, Yoo, Juhwan, Young, Grayson, Zhu, Ningfeng, Zobrist, Nicholas, Chen, Yu, Megrant, Anthony, Kelly, Julian, and Naaman, Ofer

Subjects
Quantum Physics, Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, Physics - Applied Physics
Abstract

We demonstrate a high dynamic range Josephson parametric amplifier (JPA) in which the active nonlinear element is implemented using an array of rf-SQUIDs. The device is matched to the 50 $\Omega$ environment with a Klopfenstein-taper impedance transformer and achieves a bandwidth of 250-300 MHz, with input saturation powers up to -95 dBm at 20 dB gain. A 54-qubit Sycamore processor was used to benchmark these devices, providing a calibration for readout power, an estimate of amplifier added noise, and a platform for comparison against standard impedance matched parametric amplifiers with a single dc-SQUID. We find that the high power rf-SQUID array design has no adverse effect on system noise, readout fidelity, or qubit dephasing, and we estimate an upper bound on amplifier added noise at 1.6 times the quantum limit. Lastly, amplifiers with this design show no degradation in readout fidelity due to gain compression, which can occur in multi-tone multiplexed readout with traditional JPAs., Comment: 10 pages, 10 figures

Published
2022
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123. Development of Sleep State Trend (SST), a bedside measure of neonatal sleep state fluctuations based on single EEG channels

Author

Moghadam, Saeed Montazeri, Nevalainen, Päivi, Stevenson, Nathan J., and Vanhatalo, Sampsa

Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing, Statistics - Machine Learning
Abstract

Objective: To develop and validate an automated method for bedside monitoring of sleep state fluctuations in neonatal intensive care units. Methods: A deep learning -based algorithm was designed and trained using 53 EEG recordings from a long-term (a)EEG monitoring in 30 near-term neonates. The results were validated using an external dataset from 30 polysomnography recordings. In addition to training and validating a single EEG channel quiet sleep detector, we constructed Sleep State Trend (SST), a bedside-ready means for visualizing classifier outputs. Results: The accuracy of quiet sleep detection in the training data was 90%, and the accuracy was comparable (85-86%) in all bipolar derivations available from the 4-electrode recordings. The algorithm generalized well to an external dataset, showing 81% overall accuracy despite different signal derivations. SST allowed an intuitive, clear visualization of the classifier output. Conclusions: Fluctuations in sleep states can be detected at high fidelity from a single EEG channel, and the results can be visualized as a transparent and intuitive trend in the bedside monitors. Significance: The Sleep State Trend (SST) may provide caregivers a real-time view of sleep state fluctuations and its cyclicity., Comment: Submitted to Clinical Neurophysiology 2022

Published
2022

124. Reducing Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Sexually Transmitted Infections Risk in African American Women with At-Risk Male Partners: A Randomized Trial

Author

Adeyeba, Mariam O, Montazeri, Qiana, Bivens-Davis, Traci, Schrode, Katrina M, and Harawa, Nina T

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Public Health, Health Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Sexually Transmitted Infections, Infectious Diseases, Minority Health, Clinical Research, Prevention, Women's Health, Health Disparities, HIV/AIDS, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Behavioral and Social Science, Reproductive health and childbirth, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, Male, Female, Humans, Young Adult, Adult, Middle Aged, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, HIV Infections, HIV, Black or African American, Sexual Behavior, Sexual Partners, sexually transmitted infections, race, health disparities, intervention, behavioral health, Medical and Health Sciences, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Health sciences
Abstract

Background: We examined the efficacy of the Females of African American Legacy Empowering Self (FemAALES) intervention in a cohort of 203 publicly insured Black women in Los Angeles. Materials and Methods: Women who reported recent sex with a male partner who was at increased risk for infection by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and sexually transmitted infections (STI) were randomized to the six-session FemAALES intervention or to a single client-centered family planning and STI/HIV counseling session. Participants were followed at 3 and 9 months post-intervention. To investigate between-group behavioral changes in condomless sex in the prior 90 days and other HIV/STI risks, we used generalized estimating equations that accounted for repeated observations in individuals. Results: Most participants (mean age 34 ± 11 standard deviation) were low-income and unemployed, despite three-quarters having completed high school or the equivalent. The most common HIV/STI risk factors among recent male partners were incarceration (58.8%) and concurrent sex with other women (72.2%). At 3 months, the FemAALEs group showed a larger increase in the odds of asking their partner to test (adjusted odds ratio = 2.14; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02-4.47; p = 0.0431) and in sexual health self-efficacy scores (adjβ = 1.82; 95% CI, 0.02-3.62; p = 0.0471) compared to the control group, although these changes did not hold at 9 months. Both groups showed statistically significant declines in the frequency of several sexual risk factors between baseline and 9 months. Conclusion: Although we did not find evidence that the FemAALES intervention was more efficacious than the less-intensive control condition in reducing sexual risk behaviors, the overall declines in risk behaviors we observed warrant further research. ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT02189876).

Published
2023

132. Assessment of Earthquake-Induced Losses of Existing Reinforced Concrete Buildings for Different Seismic Design Code Levels

Author

Montazeri, Maryam, Abo El Ezz, Ahmad, di Prisco, Marco, Series Editor, Chen, Sheng-Hong, Series Editor, Vayas, Ioannis, Series Editor, Kumar Shukla, Sanjay, Series Editor, Sharma, Anuj, Series Editor, Kumar, Nagesh, Series Editor, Wang, Chien Ming, Series Editor, Cui, Zhen-Dong, Series Editor, Lu, Xinzheng, Series Editor, Desjardins, Serge, editor, Poitras, Gérard J., editor, El Damatty, Ashraf, editor, and Elshaer, Ahmed, editor

Published
2024
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134. Treatment sequence with tebentafusp and immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with metastatic uveal melanoma and metastatic GNA11/GNAQ mutant melanocytic tumors

Author

Dimitriou, Florentia, Orloff, Marlana M., Koch Hein, Erica C., Cheng, Phil F., Hughes, Isaac F., Simeone, Ester, Montazeri, Kamaneh, Grover, Piyush, Mehmi, Inderjit, Gerard, Camille L., Gaudy-Marqueste, Caroline, Grob, Jean-Jacques, Michielin, Olivier, Hamid, Omid, Long, Georgina V., Sullivan, Ryan, Kapiteijn, Ellen, Johnson, Douglas B., Ascierto, Paolo A., Joshua, Anthony M., Carvajal, Richard D., Butler, Marcus O., Hassel, Jessica C., and Dummer, Reinhard

Published
2025
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138. World AIDS Day Campaign in Iran: A Population-Based Study

Author

A Montazeri, J Sadighi, S Omidvari, F Farzadi, and F Maftoon

Subjects
AIDS, Health education campaign, World AIDS Day, Publicity, Iran, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

"nBackground: This was a population-based study to examine whether the campaign for World AIDS Day 2005 in Iran was suc­cessful."nMethods: A random sample of the general population was asked whether they had seen the campaign and knew the mes­sage. They were also asked whether it was attractive; there was anything offensive, whether the campaign could raise aware­ness, and how they rated the campaign. In all 1215 individuals were approached and 1014 agreed to take part in the study."nResults: Only 43% (n= 435) said that they had seen the campaign. Of those who had seen the campaign 79% knew the sub­ject and 24% acknowledged the main message correctly. Only 27% said it was very attention getting or eye-catching, 64% said the campaign could raise awareness but 75% said the message was unclear, and confusing. A few respondents (23%) rated that the campaign overall looked good or very good."nConclusion: The findings suggest that if the World AIDS Day is an opportunity to give visibility to the problem, then there is an urgent need to think seriously to choose other approaches for raising global awareness on the state of the epidemic in Iran and elsewhere.

Published
2009

139. Suppressing quantum errors by scaling a surface code logical qubit

Author

Acharya, Rajeev, Aleiner, Igor, Allen, Richard, Andersen, Trond I., Ansmann, Markus, Arute, Frank, Arya, Kunal, Asfaw, Abraham, Atalaya, Juan, Babbush, Ryan, Bacon, Dave, Bardin, Joseph C., Basso, Joao, Bengtsson, Andreas, Boixo, Sergio, Bortoli, Gina, Bourassa, Alexandre, Bovaird, Jenna, Brill, Leon, Broughton, Michael, Buckley, Bob B., Buell, David A., Burger, Tim, Burkett, Brian, Bushnell, Nicholas, Chen, Yu, Chen, Zijun, Chiaro, Ben, Cogan, Josh, Collins, Roberto, Conner, Paul, Courtney, William, Crook, Alexander L., Curtin, Ben, Debroy, Dripto M., Barba, Alexander Del Toro, Demura, Sean, Dunsworth, Andrew, Eppens, Daniel, Erickson, Catherine, Faoro, Lara, Farhi, Edward, Fatemi, Reza, Burgos, Leslie Flores, Forati, Ebrahim, Fowler, Austin G., Foxen, Brooks, Giang, William, Gidney, Craig, Gilboa, Dar, Giustina, Marissa, Dau, Alejandro Grajales, Gross, Jonathan A., Habegger, Steve, Hamilton, Michael C., Harrigan, Matthew P., Harrington, Sean D., Higgott, Oscar, Hilton, Jeremy, Hoffmann, Markus, Hong, Sabrina, Huang, Trent, Huff, Ashley, Huggins, William J., Ioffe, Lev B., Isakov, Sergei V., Iveland, Justin, Jeffrey, Evan, Jiang, Zhang, Jones, Cody, Juhas, Pavol, Kafri, Dvir, Kechedzhi, Kostyantyn, Kelly, Julian, Khattar, Tanuj, Khezri, Mostafa, Kieferová, Mária, Kim, Seon, Kitaev, Alexei, Klimov, Paul V., Klots, Andrey R., Korotkov, Alexander N., Kostritsa, Fedor, Kreikebaum, John Mark, Landhuis, David, Laptev, Pavel, Lau, Kim-Ming, Laws, Lily, Lee, Joonho, Lee, Kenny, Lester, Brian J., Lill, Alexander, Liu, Wayne, Locharla, Aditya, Lucero, Erik, Malone, Fionn D., Marshall, Jeffrey, Martin, Orion, McClean, Jarrod R., Mccourt, Trevor, McEwen, Matt, Megrant, Anthony, Costa, Bernardo Meurer, Mi, Xiao, Miao, Kevin C., Mohseni, Masoud, Montazeri, Shirin, Morvan, Alexis, Mount, Emily, Mruczkiewicz, Wojciech, Naaman, Ofer, Neeley, Matthew, Neill, Charles, Nersisyan, Ani, Neven, Hartmut, Newman, Michael, Ng, Jiun How, Nguyen, Anthony, Nguyen, Murray, Niu, Murphy Yuezhen, O'Brien, Thomas E., Opremcak, Alex, Platt, John, Petukhov, Andre, Potter, Rebecca, Pryadko, Leonid P., Quintana, Chris, Roushan, Pedram, Rubin, Nicholas C., Saei, Negar, Sank, Daniel, Sankaragomathi, Kannan, Satzinger, Kevin J., Schurkus, Henry F., Schuster, Christopher, Shearn, Michael J., Shorter, Aaron, Shvarts, Vladimir, Skruzny, Jindra, Smelyanskiy, Vadim, Smith, W. Clarke, Sterling, George, Strain, Doug, Szalay, Marco, Torres, Alfredo, Vidal, Guifre, Villalonga, Benjamin, Heidweiller, Catherine Vollgraff, White, Theodore, Xing, Cheng, Yao, Z. Jamie, Yeh, Ping, Yoo, Juhwan, Young, Grayson, Zalcman, Adam, Zhang, Yaxing, and Zhu, Ningfeng

Subjects
Quantum Physics
Abstract

Practical quantum computing will require error rates that are well below what is achievable with physical qubits. Quantum error correction offers a path to algorithmically-relevant error rates by encoding logical qubits within many physical qubits, where increasing the number of physical qubits enhances protection against physical errors. However, introducing more qubits also increases the number of error sources, so the density of errors must be sufficiently low in order for logical performance to improve with increasing code size. Here, we report the measurement of logical qubit performance scaling across multiple code sizes, and demonstrate that our system of superconducting qubits has sufficient performance to overcome the additional errors from increasing qubit number. We find our distance-5 surface code logical qubit modestly outperforms an ensemble of distance-3 logical qubits on average, both in terms of logical error probability over 25 cycles and logical error per cycle ($2.914\%\pm 0.016\%$ compared to $3.028\%\pm 0.023\%$). To investigate damaging, low-probability error sources, we run a distance-25 repetition code and observe a $1.7\times10^{-6}$ logical error per round floor set by a single high-energy event ($1.6\times10^{-7}$ when excluding this event). We are able to accurately model our experiment, and from this model we can extract error budgets that highlight the biggest challenges for future systems. These results mark the first experimental demonstration where quantum error correction begins to improve performance with increasing qubit number, illuminating the path to reaching the logical error rates required for computation., Comment: Main text: 6 pages, 4 figures. v2: Update author list, references, Fig. S12, Table IV

Published
2022

140. Formation of robust bound states of interacting microwave photons

Author

Morvan, Alexis, Andersen, Trond I., Mi, Xiao, Neill, Charles, Petukhov, Andre, Kechedzhi, Kostyantyn, Abanin, Dmitry, Acharya, Rajeev, Arute, Frank, Arya, Kunal, Asfaw, Abraham, Atalaya, Juan, Babbush, Ryan, Bacon, Dave, Bardin, Joseph C., Basso, Joao, Bengtsson, Andreas, Bortoli, Gina, Bourassa, Alexandre, Bovaird, Jenna, Brill, Leon, Broughton, Michael, Buckley, Bob B., Buell, David A., Burger, Tim, Burkett, Brian, Bushnell, Nicholas, Chen, Zijun, Chiaro, Ben, Collins, Roberto, Conner, Paul, Courtney, William, Crook, Alexander L., Curtin, Ben, Debroy, Dripto M., Barba, Alexander Del Toro, Demura, Sean, Dunsworth, Andrew, Eppens, Daniel, Erickson, Catherine, Faoro, Lara, Farhi, Edward, Fatemi, Reza, Burgos, Leslie Flores, Forati, Ebrahim, Fowler, Austin G., Foxen, Brooks, Giang, William, Gidney, Craig, Gilboa, Dar, Giustina, Marissa, Dau, Alejandro Grajales, Gross, Jonathan A., Habegger, Steve, Hamilton, Michael C., Harrigan, Matthew P., Harrington, Sean D., Hilton, Jeremy, Hoffmann, Markus, Hong, Sabrina, Huang, Trent, Huff, Ashley, Huggins, William J., Isakov, Sergei V., Iveland, Justin, Jeffrey, Evan, Jiang, Zhang, Jones, Cody, Juhas, Pavol, Kafri, Dvir, Khattar, Tanuj, Khezri, Mostafa, Kieferova, Marika, Kim, Seon, Kitaev, Alexei, Klimov, Paul V., Klots, Andrey R., Korotkov, Alexander N., Kostritsa, Fedor, Kreikebaum, John Mark, Landhuis, David, Laptev, Pavel, Lau, Kim-Ming, Laws, Lily, Lee, Joonho, Lee, Kenny, Lester, Brian J., Lill, Alexander, Liu, Wayne, Locharla, Aditya, Lucero, Erik, Malone, Fionn D., Martin, Orion, McClean, Jarrod R., McEwen, Matt, Costa, Bernardo Meurer, Miao, Kevin C., Mohseni, Masoud, Montazeri, Shirin, Mount, Emily, Mruczkiewicz, Wojciech, Naaman, Ofer, Neeley, Matthew, Nersisyan, Ani, Newman, Michael, Nguyen, Anthony, Nguyen, Murray, Niu, Murphy Yuezhen, O'Brien, Thomas E., Olenewa, Ricardo, Opremcak, Alex, Potter, Rebecca, Quintana, Chris, Rubin, Nicholas C., Saei, Negar, Sank, Daniel, Sankaragomathi, Kannan, Satzinger, Kevin J., Schurkus, Henry F., Schuster, Christopher, Shearn, Michael J., Shorter, Aaron, Shvarts, Vladimir, Skruzny, Jindra, Smith, W. Clarke, Sterling, George, Strain, Doug, Su, Yuan, Szalay, Marco, Torres, Alfredo, Vidal, Guifre, Villalonga, Benjamin, Heidweiller, Catherine Vollgraff, White, Theodore, Xing, Cheng, Yao, Z. Jamie, Yeh, Ping, Yoo, Juhwan, Zalcman, Adam, Zhang, Yaxing, Zhu, Ningfeng, Neven, Hartmut, Boixo, Sergio, Megrant, Anthony, Kelly, Julian, Chen, Yu, Smelyanskiy, Vadim, Aleiner, Igor, Ioffe, Lev B., and Roushan, Pedram

Subjects
Quantum Physics, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed Matter - Other Condensed Matter
Abstract

Systems of correlated particles appear in many fields of science and represent some of the most intractable puzzles in nature. The computational challenge in these systems arises when interactions become comparable to other energy scales, which makes the state of each particle depend on all other particles. The lack of general solutions for the 3-body problem and acceptable theory for strongly correlated electrons shows that our understanding of correlated systems fades when the particle number or the interaction strength increases. One of the hallmarks of interacting systems is the formation of multi-particle bound states. In a ring of 24 superconducting qubits, we develop a high fidelity parameterizable fSim gate that we use to implement the periodic quantum circuit of the spin-1/2 XXZ model, an archetypal model of interaction. By placing microwave photons in adjacent qubit sites, we study the propagation of these excitations and observe their bound nature for up to 5 photons. We devise a phase sensitive method for constructing the few-body spectrum of the bound states and extract their pseudo-charge by introducing a synthetic flux. By introducing interactions between the ring and additional qubits, we observe an unexpected resilience of the bound states to integrability breaking. This finding goes against the common wisdom that bound states in non-integrable systems are unstable when their energies overlap with the continuum spectrum. Our work provides experimental evidence for bound states of interacting photons and discovers their stability beyond the integrability limit., Comment: 7 pages + 15 pages supplements

Published
2022
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142. Formation of robust bound states of interacting microwave photons

Author

Morvan, A, Andersen, TI, Mi, X, Neill, C, Petukhov, A, Kechedzhi, K, Abanin, DA, Michailidis, A, Acharya, R, Arute, F, Arya, K, Asfaw, A, Atalaya, J, Bardin, JC, Basso, J, Bengtsson, A, Bortoli, G, Bourassa, A, Bovaird, J, Brill, L, Broughton, M, Buckley, BB, Buell, DA, Burger, T, Burkett, B, Bushnell, N, Chen, Z, Chiaro, B, Collins, R, Conner, P, Courtney, W, Crook, AL, Curtin, B, Debroy, DM, Del Toro Barba, A, Demura, S, Dunsworth, A, Eppens, D, Erickson, C, Faoro, L, Farhi, E, Fatemi, R, Flores Burgos, L, Forati, E, Fowler, AG, Foxen, B, Giang, W, Gidney, C, Gilboa, D, Giustina, M, Grajales Dau, A, Gross, JA, Habegger, S, Hamilton, MC, Harrigan, MP, Harrington, SD, Hoffmann, M, Hong, S, Huang, T, Huff, A, Huggins, WJ, Isakov, SV, Iveland, J, Jeffrey, E, Jiang, Z, Jones, C, Juhas, P, Kafri, D, Khattar, T, Khezri, M, Kieferová, M, Kim, S, Kitaev, AY, Klimov, PV, Klots, AR, Korotkov, AN, Kostritsa, F, Kreikebaum, JM, Landhuis, D, Laptev, P, Lau, K-M, Laws, L, Lee, J, Lee, KW, Lester, BJ, Lill, AT, Liu, W, Locharla, A, Malone, F, Martin, O, McClean, JR, McEwen, M, Meurer Costa, B, Miao, KC, Mohseni, M, Montazeri, S, Mount, E, Mruczkiewicz, W, Naaman, O, and Neeley, M

Subjects
Quantum Physics, Physical Sciences, Photons, Microwaves, Electrons, Fees and Charges, Reproduction, General Science & Technology
Abstract

Systems of correlated particles appear in many fields of modern science and represent some of the most intractable computational problems in nature. The computational challenge in these systems arises when interactions become comparable to other energy scales, which makes the state of each particle depend on all other particles1. The lack of general solutions for the three-body problem and acceptable theory for strongly correlated electrons shows that our understanding of correlated systems fades when the particle number or the interaction strength increases. One of the hallmarks of interacting systems is the formation of multiparticle bound states2-9. Here we develop a high-fidelity parameterizable fSim gate and implement the periodic quantum circuit of the spin-½ XXZ model in a ring of 24 superconducting qubits. We study the propagation of these excitations and observe their bound nature for up to five photons. We devise a phase-sensitive method for constructing the few-body spectrum of the bound states and extract their pseudo-charge by introducing a synthetic flux. By introducing interactions between the ring and additional qubits, we observe an unexpected resilience of the bound states to integrability breaking. This finding goes against the idea that bound states in non-integrable systems are unstable when their energies overlap with the continuum spectrum. Our work provides experimental evidence for bound states of interacting photons and discovers their stability beyond the integrability limit.

Published
2022

143. National-level and state-level prevalence of overweight and obesity among children, adolescents, and adults in the USA, 1990–2021, and forecasts up to 2050

Author

Ng, Marie, Dai, Xiaochen, Cogen, Rebecca M, Abdelmasseh, Michael, Abdollahi, Arash, Abdullahi, Auwal, Aboagye, Richard Gyan, Abukhadijah, Hana J, Adeyeoluwa, Temitayo Esther, Afolabi, Aanuoluwapo Adeyimika, Ahmad, Danish, Ahmad, Noah, Ahmed, Ayman, Ahmed, Syed Anees, Akkaif, Mohammed Ahmed, Akrami, Ashley E, Al Hasan, Syed Mahfuz, Al Ta'ani, Omar, Alahdab, Fares, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Aldhaleei, Wafa A, Algammal, Abdelazeem M, Ali, Waad, Al-Ibraheem, Akram, Alqahatni, Saleh A, Al-Rifai, Rami H, Alshahrani, Najim Z, Al-Wardat, Mohammad, Aly, Hany, Al-Zyoud, Walid A, Amiri, Sohrab, Anil, Abhishek, Arabloo, Jalal, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y, Ardekani, Ali, Areda, Demelash, Ashemo, Mubarek Yesse, Atreya, Alok, Azadnajafabad, Sina, Aziz, Shahkaar, Azzopardi, Peter S, Babu, Giridhara Rathnaiah, Baig, Atif Amin, Bako, Abdulaziz T, Bansal, Kannu, Bärnighausen, Till Winfried, Bastan, Mohammad-Mahdi, Bemanalizadeh, Maryam, Beran, Azizullah, Beyene, Habtamu B, Bhaskar, Sonu, Bilgin, Cem, Bleyer, Archie, Borhany, Hamed, Boyko, Edward J, Braithwaite, Dejana, Bryazka, Dana, Bugiardini, Raffaele, Bustanji, Yasser, Butt, Zahid A, Çakmak Barsbay, Mehtap, Campos-Nonato, Ismael, Cembranel, Francieli, Cerin, Ester, Chacón-Uscamaita, Pamela Roxana, Chandrasekar, Eeshwar K, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Chen, An-Tian, Chen, Guangjin, Chi, Gerald, Ching, Patrick R, Cho, So Mi Jemma, Choi, Dong-Woo, Chong, Bryan, Chung, Sheng-Chia, Cindi, Zinhle, Cini, Karly I, Columbus, Alyssa, Couto, Rosa A S, Criqui, Michael H, Cruz-Martins, Natalia, Da'ar, Omar B, Dadras, Omid, Dai, Zhaoli, Darcho, Samuel Demissie, Dash, Nihar Ranjan, Desai, Hardik Dineshbhai, Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda, Diaz, Daniel, Diaz, Michael J, Do, Thanh Chi, Dolatshahi, Mahsa, D'Oria, Mario, Doshi, Ojas Prakashbhai, Doshi, Rajkumar Prakashbhai, Dowou, Robert Kokou, Dube, John, Dumuid, Dorothea, Dziedzic, Arkadiusz Marian, E'mar, Abdel Rahman, El Arab, Rabie Adel, El Bayoumy, Ibrahim Farahat, Elhadi, Muhammed, Eltaha, Chadi, Falzone, Luca, Farrokhpour, Hossein, Fazeli, Patrick, Feigin, Valery L, Fekadu, Ginenus, Ferreira, Nuno, Fischer, Florian, Francis, Kate Louise, Gadanya, Muktar A, Gebregergis, Miglas Welay, Ghadimi, Delaram J, Gholami, Ehsan, Golechha, Mahaveer, Golinelli, Davide, Gona, Philimon N, Gouravani, Mahdi, Grada, Ayman, Grover, Ashna, Guha, Avirup, Gupta, Rahul, Habibzadeh, Parham, Haep, Nils, Halimi, Aram, Hasan, Md. Kamrul, Hasnain, Md Saquib, Hay, Simon I, He, Wen-Qiang, Hebert, Jeffrey J, Hemmati, Mehdi, Hiraike, Yuta, Hoan, Nguyen Quoc, Hostiuc, Sorin, Hu, Chengxi, Huang, Junjie, Huynh, Hong-Han, Islam, Md. 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145. Global, regional, and national burden of HIV/AIDS, 1990–2021, and forecasts to 2050, for 204 countries and territories: the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

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Carter, Austin, Zhang, Meixin, Tram, Khai Hoan, Walters, Magdalene K, Jahagirdar, Deepa, Brewer, Edmond D, Novotney, Amanda, Lasher, Dylan, Mpolya, Emmanuel A, Vongpradith, Avina, Ma, Jianing, Verma, Megan, Frank, Tahvi D, He, Jiawei, Byrne, Sam, Lin, Christine, Dominguez, Regina-Mae Villanueva, Pease, Spencer A, Comfort, Haley, May, Erin A, Abate, Yohannes Habtegiorgis, Abbastabar, Hedayat, Abdelkader, Atef, Abdi, Parsa, Abdoun, Meriem, Abdul Aziz, Jeza Muhamad, Abidi, Hassan, Abiodun, Olumide, Aboagye, Richard Gyan, Abreu, Lucas Guimarães, Abtew, Yonas Derso, Abu-Gharbieh, Eman, Aburuz, Salahdein, Abu-Zaid, Ahmed, Addo, Isaac Yeboah, Adegboye, Oyelola A, Adekanmbi, Victor, Adetunji, Charles Oluwaseun, Adetunji, Juliana Bunmi, Adeyinka, Daniel Adedayo, Adhikari, Kishor, Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah, Adzigbli, Leticia Akua, Afrashteh, Fatemeh, Afzal, Saira, Aghamiri, Shahin, Agide, Feleke Doyore, Agodi, Antonella, Agyemang-Duah, Williams, Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku, Ahmad, Faisal, Ahmad, Sajjad, Ahmad, Shahzaib, Ahmad, Aqeel, Ahmed, Ibrar, Ahmed, Haroon, Ahmed, Syed Anees, Ahmed, Safoora, Ahmed, Ali, Ahmed, Mohammed, Ahmed, Ayman, Akalu, Gizachew Taddesse, Akinosoglou, Karolina, Al Awaidy, Salah, Al Hamad, Hanadi, Al Mosa, Amjad S, Al Zaabi, Omar Ali Mohammed, Alalalmeh, Samer O, Alam, Nazmul, Alam, Noore, Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour, Alayu, Daniel Shewaye, AlBataineh, Mohammad T, Alemohammad, Seyedeh Yasaman, Al-Gheethi, Adel Ali Saeed, Ali, Syed Shujait, Ali, Mohammed Usman, Ali, Abid, Ali, Liaqat, Ali, Waad, Al-Ibraheem, Akram, Almazan, Joseph Uy, Altaf, Awais, Altwalbeh, Diala, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Al-Zyoud, Walid Adnan, Amani, Reza, Amera, Tewodros Getnet, Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena, Amiri, Sohrab, Amu, Hubert, Amusa, Ganiyu Adeniyi, Anil, Abhishek, Anjorin, Abdul-Azeez Adeyemi, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Anwar, Saleha, Anwer, Razique, Anyabolo, Ekenedilichukwu Emmanuel, Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward, Apostol, Geminn Louis Carace, Ardekani, Ali, Areda, er, Aregawi, Brhane Berhe, Aremu, Abdulfatai, Armani, Keivan, Asemahagn, Mulusew A, Ashemo, Mubarek Yesse, Ashraf, Tahira, Asika, Marvellous O, Asmerom, Haftu Asmerom, Atout, Maha Moh'd Wahbi, Aujayeb, Avinash, Awad, Hamzeh, Awotidebe, Adedapo Wasiu, Ayala Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina, Ayele, Firayad, Azadnajafabad, Sina, Aziz, Shahkaar, B, Darshan B, Babu, Giridhara Rathnaiah, Badar, Muhammad, Bahramian, Saeed, Bako, Abdulaziz T, Balcha, Wondu Feyisa, Bam, Kiran, Banik, Biswajit, Bardhan, Mainak, Bärnighausen, Till Winfried, Barqawi, Hiba Jawdat, Basharat, Zarrin, Bashiru, Hameed Akande, Basiru, Afisu, Bastan, Mohammad-Mahdi, Basu, Saurav, Bathini, Prapthi Persis, Batra, Kavita, Batra, Ravi, Bayleyegn, Nebiyou Simegnew, Begum, Tahmina, Behnoush, Amir Hossein, Beiranvand, Maryam, Belete, Melaku Ashagrie, Belete, Abel Cherkos, Beloukas, Apostolos, Beneke, Alice A, Beran, Azizullah, Berhie, Alemshet Yirga, Bermudez, Amiel Nazer C, Bernstein, Robert S, Beyene, Kebede A, Bhardwaj, Pankaj, Bhardwaj, Nikha, Bhat, Ajay Nagesh, Bhat, Vivek, Bhatti, Gurjit Kaur, Bhatti, Jasvinder Singh Singh, Bishaw, Keralem Anteneh, Bisht, Khushboo D, Bodhare, Trupti, Bodunrin, Aadam Olalekan, Boltaev, Azizbek A, Borhany, Hamed, Bouaoud, Souad, Brown, Colin Stewart, Buonsenso, Danilo, Burkart, Katrin, Bustanji, Yasser, Butt, Zahid A, Cao, Chao, Cárdenas, Rosario, Cenderadewi, Muthia, Chadwick, Joshua, Chakraborty, Chiranjib, Chakraborty, Sandip, Chandika, Rama Mohan, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Chaurasia, Akhilanand, Chen, Guangjin, Ching, Patrick R, Chopra, Hitesh, Choudhari, Sonali Gajanan, Chu, Dinh-Toi, Chukwu, Isaac Sunday, Chung, Eric, Cindi, Zinhle, Couto, Rosa A S, Cruz-Martins, Natalia, Cuadra-Hernández, Silvia Magali, Dabo, Bashir, Dadras, Omid, Dagnew, Gizachew Worku, Dahiru, Tukur, Dai, Xiaochen, Darwesh, Aso Mohammad, das Neves, José, Dash, Nihar Ranjan, Dashti, Mohsen, De la Hoz, Fernando Pio, Debopadhaya, Shayom, Degenhardt, Louisa, Delgado-Enciso, Ivan, Deribe, Kebede, Des Jarlais, Don C, Desai, Hardik Dineshbhai, Deuba, Keshab, Dhane, Amol S, Dhingra, Sameer, Diaz, Daniel, Diaz, Michael R, Ding, Delaney D, Do, Thanh Chi, Dohare, Sushil, Dongarwar, Deepa, dos Santos, Wendel Mombaque, Doshi, Ojas Prakashbhai, Dsouza, Ashel Chelsea, Dsouza, Haneil Larson, Dsouza, Viola Savy, Duraisamy, Senbagam, Dziedzic, Arkadiusz Marian, Ebrahimi, Alireza, Ed-Dra, Abdelaziz, Edinur, Hisham Atan, Efendi, Ferry, Ekholuenetale, Michael, Ekundayo, Temitope Cyrus, El Sayed, Iman, Elhadi, Muhammed, Eltaha, Chadi, Eskandarieh, Sharareh, Eslami, Majid, Eze, Ugochukwu Anthony, Fahim, Ayesha, Fatehizadeh, Ali, Fauk, Nelsensius Klau, Fazeli, Patrick, Fekadu, Ginenus, Ferreira, Nuno, Firew, Belete Sewasew, Fischer, Florian, Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin, Foroutan, Behzad, Fukumoto, Takeshi, G, Sridevi, Gadanya, Muktar A, Gaidhane, Abhay Motiramji, Gaipov, Abduzhappar, Gandhi, Aravind P, Ganiyani, Mohammad Arfat, Gebregergis, Miglas Welay, Gebrehiwot, Mesfin, Gebremeskel, Teferi Gebru, Getachew, Motuma Erena, Ghadiri, Keyghobad, Ghasemzadeh, Afsaneh, Ghashghaee, Ahmad, Gholami, Ehsan, Gholizadeh, Nasim, Ghorbani, Mahsa, Gil, Artyom Urievich, Girmay, Alem Abera, Golechha, Mahaveer, Golinelli, Davide, Goulart, Alessandra C, Goyal, Anmol, Gudeta, Mesay Dechasa, Gupta, Sapna, Gupta, Bhawna, Habteyohannes, Awoke Derbie, Haghmorad, Dariush, Haj-Mirzaian, Arvin, Halwani, Rabih, Handiso, Demelash Woldeyohannes, Haq, Zaim Anan, Harapan, Harapan, Hargono, Arief, Hasaballah, Ahmed I, Hasnain, Md Saquib, Hassan, Shoaib, Hassanipour, Soheil, Hegazi, Omar E, Heidari, Mohammad, Hezam, Kamal, Hlongwa, Mbuzeleni Mbuzeleni, Hoan, Nguyen Quoc, Hoogar, Praveen, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, Hosseinzadeh Adli, Ahmad, Hundie, Tsegaye Gebreyes, Hushmandi, Kiavash, Huynh, Hong-Han, Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel, Ikiroma, Adalia, Ikuta, Kevin S, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Ilic, Irena M, Iradukunda, Arnaud, Isa, Mustafa Alhaji, Ismail, Nahlah Elkudssiah, Iyamu, Ihoghosa Osamuyi, J, Vinothini, Jacobsen, Kathryn H, Jain, Akhil, Jairoun, Ammar Abdulrahman, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo, Janodia, Manthan Dilipkumar, Javadi Mamaghani, Amirreza, Jema, Alelign Tasew, Jokar, Mohammad, Jonas, Jost B, Joseph, Nitin, Joshua, Charity Ehimwenma, Kabir, Ali, Kabir, Md. Awal, Kabir, Zubair, Kadashetti, Vidya, Kaliyadan, Feroze, Kanmodi, Kehinde Kazeem, Kannan S, Suthanthira, Karaye, Ibraheem M, Karimi Behnagh, Arman, Kassel, Molly B, Kayode, Gbenga A, Khajuria, Himanshu, Khalid, Nauman, Khalil, Anees Ahmed, Khamesipour, Faham, Khan, Gulfaraz, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khan, Yusra H, Khan, Mohammad Jobair, Khan, M Nuruzzaman, Khatab, Khaled, Khidri, Feriha Fatima, Khorrami, Zahra, Khosravi, Majid, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kim, Min Seo, Kim, Jong Yeob, Kim, Yun Jin, Kisa, Adnan, Kisa, Sezer, Komaki, Somayeh, Kondlahalli, Shivakumar KM Marulasiddaiah, Koul, Parvaiz A, Koulmane Laxminarayana, Sindhura Lakshmi, Krishan, Kewal, Kuate Defo, Barthelemy, Kuddus, Md Abdul, Kulimbet, Mukhtar, Kulkarni, Vishnutheertha, Kumar, Rakesh, Kumar, Vijay, Kumar, Nithin, Kumar, Manasi, Ladan, Muhammad Awwal, Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Le, Thao Thi Thu, Le, Nhi Huu Hanh, Lee, Seung Won, LeGrand, Kate E, Lerango, Temesgen L, Li, Ming-Chieh, Ligade, Virendra S, Lim, Stephen S, Limenh, Liknaw Workie, Liu, Xuefeng, Liu, Runben, Lodha, Rakesh, Loreche, Arianna Maever, M. Amin, Hawraz Ibrahim, Ma, Zheng Feei, Majeed, Azeem, Malakan Rad, Elaheh, Malhotra, Hardeep Singh, Malhotra, Kashish, Malik, Ahmad Azam, Malik, Iram, Mallhi, Tauqeer Hussain, Mansournia, Mohammad Ali, Marasini, Bishnu P, Martinez-Guerra, Bernardo Alfonso, Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlândio Rogerlândio, Martorell, Miquel, Marzo, Roy Rillera, Mathur, Navgeet, McKowen, Anna Laura W, Meles, Hadush Negash, Melese, Endalkachew Belayneh, Memish, Ziad Ahmed, Mendoza, Walter, Menezes, Ritesh G, Meretoja, Tuomo J, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Meylakhs, Peter, Mhlanga, Laurette, Michalek, Irmina Maria, Micheletti Gomide Nogueira de Sá, Ana Carolina, Minervini, Giuseppe, Minh, Le Huu Nhat, Moazen, Babak, Mohamed, Nouh Saad, Mohammad-Alizadeh-Charandabi, Sakineh, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Abdollah, Mohammed, Hussen, Mohammed, Salahuddin, Mohammed, Mustapha, Mokdad, Ali H, Monasta, Lorenzo, Moni, Mohammad Ali, Montazeri, Fateme, Moradi, Maryam, Moradi, Yousef, Motappa, Rohith, Mougin, Vincent, Mubarik, Sumaira, Mukoro, George Duke, Mulita, Francesk, Munjal, Kavita, Munkhsaikhan, Yanjinlkham, Murlimanju, B.V., Musaigwa, Fungai, Mustafa, Ghulam, Muthupandian, Saravanan, Nagarajan, Ahamarshan Jayaraman, Naghavi, Pirouz, Naik, Gurudatta, Nainu, Firzan, Najafi, Mohammad Sadeq, Nargus, Shumaila, Navaratna, Samidi Nirasha Kumari, Naveed, Muhammad, Nayak, Vinod C, Nayak, Biswa Prakash, Nduaguba, Sabina Onyinye, Negesse, Chernet Tafere, Nematollahi, Mohammad Hadi, Nguefack-Tsague, Georges, Nguyen, Dang H, Nguyen, Hien Quang, Nguyen, Van Thanh, Niazi, Robina Khan, Nigatu, Yeshambel T, Nikravangolsefid, Nasrin, Niranjan, Vikram, Nnaji, Chukwudi A, Noor, Syed Toukir Ahmed, Not applicable, Nawsherwan, Noubiap, Jean Jacques, Nri-Ezedi, Chisom Adaobi, Nugen, Fred, Nutor, Jerry John, Nzoputam, Chimezie Igwegbe, Nzoputam, Ogochukwu Janet, Obamiro, Kehinde O, Odetokun, Ismail A, Oghenetega, Onome Bright, Oguntade, Ayodipupo Sikiru, Okeke, Sylvester Reuben, Okekunle, Akinkunmi Paul, Okonji, Osaretin Christabel, Olagunju, Andrew T, Olakunde, Babayemi Oluwaseun, Olalusi, Oladotun Victor, Olatubi, Matthew Idowu, Olorukooba, Abdulhakeem Abayomi, Olufadewa, Isaac Iyinoluwa, Omar Bali, Ahmed, Onwujekwe, Obinna E, Opejin, Abdulahi, Ordak, Michal, Orish, Verner N, Ortiz-Brizuela, Edgar, Osuagwu, Uchechukwu Levi, Ouyahia, Amel, P A, Mahesh Padukudru, Padubidri, Jagadish Rao, Palladino, Claudia, Pandey, Ashok, Panos, Leonidas D, Paredes, Jose L, Parija, Pragyan Paramita, Parikh, Romil R, Pashaei, Ava, Pasovic, Maja, Patel, Sangram Kishor, Pathan, Aslam Ramjan, Patil, Shankargouda, Pawar, Shrikant, Pepito, Veincent Christian Filipino, Peprah, Emmanuel K, Peprah, Prince, Pereira, Marcos, Perna, Simone, Petcu, Ionela-Roxana, Pham, Hoang Tran, Pillay, Julian David, Poluru, Ramesh, Postma, Maarten J, Pourtaheri, Naeimeh, Pradhan, Jalandhar, Prakash, Prem, Prakasham, Thejeswar N N, Prates, Elton Junio Sady, Pribadi, Dimas Ria Angga, Priscilla, Tina, Puvvula, Jagadeesh, Qattea, Ibrahim, Qazi, Asma Saleem, Radhakrishnan, Raghu Anekal, Rafferty, Quinn, Rafique, Ibrar, Rahim, Fakher, Rahimi-Movaghar, Afarin, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Mosiur, Rahmani, Amir Masoud, Rahmani, Shayan, Rahmanian, Nazanin, Rahmanian, Mohammad, Rahmanian, Vahid, Rajaa, Sathish, Ramadan, Mahmoud Mohammed, Ramadan, Hazem, Ramasamy, Shakthi Kumaran, Ramesh, Pushkal Sinduvadi, Rana, Kritika, Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, Rao, Mithun, Rao, Sowmya J, Rashidi, Mohammad-Mahdi, Rathish, Devarajan, Rauniyar, Santosh Kumar, Rawaf, Salman, Redwan, Elrashdy Moustafa Mohamed, Reiner Jr., Robert C, Rezaeian, Mohsen, Rodriguez, Jefferson Antonio Buendia, Root, Kevin T, Ross, Allen Guy, Rotimi, Kunle, Roy, Nitai, Rwegerera, Godfrey M, Sabet, Cameron John, Saddik, Basema Ahmad, Saeb, Mohammad Reza, Saeed, Umar, Saeedi, Pooya, Safi, Sher Zaman Zaman, Sagar, Rajesh, Saheb Sharif-Askari, Fatemeh, Saheb Sharif-Askari, Narjes, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Sahoo, Soumya Swaroop, Saif, Zahra, Sajid, Mirza Rizwan, Salam, Nasir, Salami, Afeez Abolarinwa, Saleh, Mohamed A, Salehi, Leili, Samadi Kafil, Hossein, Samy, Abdallah M, Sanjeev, Rama Krishna, Santric-Milicevic, Milena M, Saravanan, Aswini, Sartorius, Benn, Sathyanarayan, Anudeep, Satpathy, Maheswar, Sawhney, Monika, Sedighi, Mansour, Semagn, Birhan Ewunu, Senapati, Sabyasachi, Sethi, Yashendra, Seylani, Allen, Shah, Pritik A, Shahid, Samiah, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shamekh, Ali, Shamshirgaran, Mohammad Ali, Shamsi, Anas, Shanawaz, Mohd, Shannawaz, Mohammed, Sharifan, Amin, Sharifi-Rad, Javad, Shastry, Shamee, Shenoy, Rekha Raghuveer, Shetty, Premalatha K, Shetty, Mahabalesh, Shetty, Pavanchand H, Shiferaw, Desalegn, Shirkoohi, Reza, Shittu, Aminu, Shrestha, Sunil, Sibhat, Migbar Mekonnen, Siddig, Emmanuel Edwar, Siedner, Mark J, Singh, Jasvinder A, Singh, Paramdeep, Singh, Surjit, Singh, Harmanjit, Sinto, Robert, Skryabina, Anna Aleksandrovna, Smith, Amanda E, Sobia, Farrukh, Sokhan, Anton, Solanki, Shipra, Solanki, Ranjan, Sorensen, Reed J D, Sulaiman, Sahabi K, Szarpak, Lukasz, T Y, Sree Sudha, Tabish, Mohammad, Tadakamadla, Santosh Kumar, Taheri Abkenar, Yasaman, Taiba, Jabeen, Talaat, Iman M, Tampa, Mircea, Tamuzi, Jacques Lukenze, Tan, Ker-Kan, Tanwar, Manoj, Tarkang, Elvis Enowbeyang, Taveira, Nuno, Teklay, Gebrehiwot, Tesfaye, Behailu Terefe, Teye-Kwadjo, Enoch, Thakur, Ramna, Thangaraju, Pugazhenthan, Thapa, Rajshree, Thapar, Rekha, Thienemann, Friedrich, Thomas, Joe, Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto, Tran, Thang Huu, Tran, Mai Thi Ngoc, Tsai, Alexander C, Tsegay, Guesh Mebrahtom, Tumurkhuu, Munkhtuya, Udoh, Arit, Ullah, Irfan, Ullah, Atta, Umair, Muhammad, Umar, Muhammad, Unnikrishnan, Bhaskaran, Vahdati, Sanaz, Vaithinathan, Asokan Govindaraj, Varthya, Shoban Babu, Vasankari, Tommi Juhani, Verras, Georgios-Ioannis, Villafañe, Jorge Hugo, Vo, Anh Truc, Vos, Theo, Walde, Mandaras Tariku, Wamai, Richard G, Wang, Yanzhong, Waqas, Muhammad, Ward, Paul, Wassie, Gizachew Tadesse, Weintraub, Robert G, Weldetinsaa, Haftom Legese, Weldu, Gebre Adhanom, Westerman, Ronny, Wickramasinghe, Nuwan Darshana, Woldekidan, Mesfin Agachew, Wong, Yen Jun, Worku, Nigus Kassie, Wu, Zenghong, Wu, Xinsheng, Yaghoubi, Sajad, Yesera, Gesila Endashaw, Yezli, Saber, Yi, Siyan, Yiğit, Arzu, Yin, Dehui, Yismaw, Yazachew, Yon, Dong Keon, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Zakham, Fathiah, Zhang, Haijun, Zhang, Jingya, Zhao, Hanqing, Zhu, Bin, Zhuang, Qingyuan, Zhumagaliuly, Abzal, Zielińska, Magdalena, Zihao, Liu, Zikarg, Yossef Teshome, Zoladl, Mohammad, Zumla, Alimuddin, Zyoud, Samer H, Zheng, Peng, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y, Imai-Eaton, Jeffrey W, Naghavi, Mohsen, Schumacher, Austin E, Hay, Simon I, Murray, Christopher J L, and Kyu, Hmwe

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2024
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