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Copyright of Research of Environmental Sciences is the property of Research of Environmental Sciences Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To observe the effects of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism on bone mineral density and bone metabolism. Methods 37 cases of hypothyroidism were included in the hypothyroidism group，41 cases of hyperthyroidism were included in the hyperthyroidism group and 40 cases of healthy female patients were included in the control group. The thyroid function index of blood free triiodothyronine (FT3)，free thyroid hormone (FT4) and highly sensitive thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)，bone metabolic index of Ca2+，blood P3+，1，25-(OH) 2D3，parathyroid hormone (PTH)，alkaline phosphatase (ALP)， serum type I collagen carboxy terminal pyridine (ICTP) and serum osteocalcin (BGP)，as well as the left femoral neck and anteroposterior lumbar spine 1 － 4 (L1-4) bone mineral density were measured and compared. Results The levels of serum FT3， FT4，ALP，BGP and ICTP in the hyperthyroid group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05)，but the level of serum TSH in the hyperthyroid group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05).The serum TSH level in the hypothyroidism group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05)，but the levels of serum FT3，FT4，ALP，BGP and ICTP were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05).Bone mineral density of lumbar spine 1 － 4 and left femoral neck in the hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism groups were significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05).There were no significant differences in PTH， CT， Ca2+， P3+，1，25-(OH) 2D3 among the three groups (P>0.05).Conclusion Hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism can cause loss of bone mass and decreased bone density. It is mainly achieved by influencing bone turnover. Attention should be paid to abnormal bone mineral density and abnormal bone metabolism caused by abnormal thyroid function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【Objective】 Rice blast was one of the major diseases of rice, and seriously restricted stable high yield of rice. With the influence of varieties layout, cropping system and climate change in recent years, the prevalence of inter-annual fluctuation was very large. Currently, the rice blast showed a trend towards the middle to high of the rice-producing areas in Yunnan Province. Prediction and forecast played an important role as a pioneer of the guide of prevention and control. 【Method】 In order to timely and effective do a good job of rice blast prevention work, we adopted its related meteorological factors and field rice panicle blast disease index, used BP neural network technology, selected Dehong prefecture Mang city as a test point to carry out the prediction and forecast research. 【Result】 From the relevance of meteorological factor and forecasting object, there was a strong correlation between various meteorological factors by screening and the disease index, the ideal and actual output values were closer, error curve was consistent, prediction accuracy could satisfy the actual demand. 【Conclusion】 The medium-term prediction model of the rice blast disease established by BP neural network was more advantageous, that was no need for a mathematical formula to express in advance, had a higher prediction accuracy. The prediction model was established by 5 - 9 meteorological data of experimental sites and disease index of rice blast in the field were more objective and reliable, and could do a good job of disease prevention and control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Engineering Geology / Gongcheng Dizhi Xuebao is the property of Journal of Engineering Geology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Modern Medicine & Health is the property of Journal of Modern Medicine & Health and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Oncology is the property of Chinese Journal of Oncology / Zhonghua Zhongliu Zazhi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In 2008, the enactment of European Union Emission Trading Scheme (EU ETS) demonstrated that carbon emission had significant impact on the development of aviation industry. In this paper, airline efficiency is divided into three stages:Operations stage, services stage and sales stage. In the services stage, greenhouse gases emission is originally taken into account as undesirable output. A new model, network range adjusted measure (RAM) with weak disposability, is proposed to evaluate the efficiency of 22 international airlines from 2008 to 2012. The results show that:1. Air Greenland and Kenya Airways have the highest average overall efficiency score. 2. The average efficiency of European airlines is lower than that of non-European airlines. 3. The inclusion of the airlines into the EU ETS has a certain positive effect on the improvement of European airlines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science / Nongyaoxue Xuebao is the property of Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Agro-Environment Science is the property of Journal of Agro-Environment Science Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Shandong Medical Journal is the property of Shandong Medical Health Newspapers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The goal of this paper is to study the exit problem for airports in alliance. The alliance reward is gotten through the analysis of opening up new airline, cooperating on international airlines, airports competitiveness, airports' trust degree and airports' alliance cost. Then the decision on whether exits the alliance is made based on the comparison between alliance reward and real reward. Then an empirical study is done with the data of 25 Chinese airports from 2009 to 2012. The main results are: 1) Airport strength can influence the position in the alliance and then influence its exiting choice. 2) The direct competition and trust degree have important impact on the airport's exiting choice. 3) Alliance is not very effective for improving airport's reward. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Progress in Modern Biomedicine is the property of Publishing House of Progress in Modern Biomedicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Electric Machines & Control / Dianji Yu Kongzhi Xuebao is the property of Electric Machines & Control and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Evaluation & Analysis of Drug-Use in Hospitals of China is the property of Evaluation & Analysis of Drug-Use in Hospitals of China Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

目的 对比分析2 种注射用胰激肽原酶溶媒肌内注射时产生的局部疼痛程度。方法 选取2017 年 10 月至2018 年1 月该院收治的符合纳入标准的胰激肽原酶适应证患者40 例作为研究对象，采用自身对照、交叉设 计的方法，将其随机分为观察组和对照组，每组各20 例。观察组和对照组分别采用0.9% 氯化钠溶液和灭菌注射用 水作为溶媒，对患者进行肌内注射胰激肽原酶，使用面部表情量表法和数字疼痛评分法记录患者在肌内注射时产生 的疼痛评分，次日将两组溶媒交叉，在患者对侧同一位置进行肌内注射胰激肽原酶，再次记录患者的疼痛评分。结 果选用0.9% 氯化钠溶液作为注射用胰激肽原酶溶媒在肌内注射时产生的局部疼痛明显低于选用灭菌注射用水， 差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 选用0.9% 氯化钠溶液作为肌内注射胰激肽原酶的溶媒更能减轻患者肌内注射时产生的疼痛度，从而提高患者的依从性和护理质量。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]