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Copyright of bilig: Journal of Social Sciences of the Turkish World is the property of bilig: Journal of Social Sciences of the Turkish World and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Ottoman Legacy Studies (OMAD) / Osmanlı Mirası Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Journal of Ottoman Legacy Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Alcohol poisoning is a significant global problem that has become an epidemic. The determination of the alcohol type is hereby essential as it may affect the course of the treatment; however, there is no routine laboratory diagnostic method for alcohol types other than for ethanol. In this study, we aimed to define a simple method for alcohol type differentiation by utilizing a combination of breathalyzer and spectrophotometrically measured serum ethanol results. Methods: A breathalyzer and spectrophotometry were used to measure four different types of alcohol: ethanol, isopropanol, methanol, and ethylene glycol. To conduct serum alcohol analysis, four serum pools were created, each containing a different type of alcohol. The pools were analyzed using the spectrophotometric method with an enzymatic ethanol test kit. An experiment was conducted to measure the different types of alcohol using impregnated cotton and a balloon, simulating a breathalyzer test. An algorithm was created based on the measurements. Results: Based on the results, the substance consumed could be methanol or isopropanol if the breathalyzer test indicates a positive reading and if the blood ethanol measurement is negative. If both the breathalyzer and the blood measurements are negative, the substance in question may be ethylene glycol. Conclusions: This simple method may determine methanol or isopropanol intake. This straightforward and innovative approach could assist healthcare professionals in different fields with diagnosing alcohol intoxication and, more precisely, help reducing related morbidity and mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) in elderly patients by comparing them with propensity score-matched age-groups. Methods: Patients who underwent RIRS to treat upper urinary tract stone disease at seven centers were included in the study and were divided into four groups. The age intervals of the patients in group 1, group 2, group 3, and group 4 were 18–29 years old, 30–49 years old, 50–64 years old, and over 65 years old, respectively. Propensity score matching analysis was used to homogenize the groups in terms of demographic and clinical properties. Operative results, preoperative complications, perioperative complications, postoperative complications, duration of hospitalization time, and stone-free status were compared between groups. Results: A total of 1,017 patients were included in the study. There were 69 (9.9%) patients in group 1, 324 (46.5%) in group 2, 217 (31.1%) in group 3, and 87 (12.5%) in group 4 after propensity score matching. The operation time and postoperative complication rates were significantly different among groups, whereas the hospitalization time, perioperative complication rates, and stone-free status were similar. The operation time was significantly higher in patients over 65 years old (p = 0.001). The postoperative complication rates were significantly higher in group 1 with Clavien I-II complication predominance (p = 0.003). Conclusion: The efficacy and safety of RIRS did not change with aging, and RIRS was an effective option for the treatment of upper urinary system stones in elderly patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Premature ejaculation (PE) is the most prevalent sexual dysfunction in men, and like many diseases and conditions, patients use Internet sources like ChatGPT, which is a popular artificial intelligence–based language model, for queries about this andrological disorder. Aim The objective of this research was to evaluate the quality, readability, and understanding of texts produced by ChatGPT in response to frequently requested inquiries on PE. Methods In this study we used Google Trends to identify the most frequently searched phrases related to PE. Subsequently, the discovered keywords were methodically entered into ChatGPT, and the resulting replies were assessed for quality using the Ensuring Quality Information for Patients (EQIP) program. The produced texts were assessed for readability using the Flesch–Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL), Flesch Reading Ease Score (FRES), and DISCERN metrics. Outcomes This investigation has identified substantial concerns about the quality of texts produced by ChatGPT, highlighting severe problems with reading and understanding. Results The mean EQIP score for the texts was determined to be 45.93 ± 4.34, while the FRES was 15.8 ± 8.73. Additionally, the FKGL score was computed to be 15.68 ± 1.67 and the DISCERN score was 38.1 ± 3.78. The comparatively low average EQIP and DISCERN scores suggest that improvements are required to increase the quality and dependability of the presented information. In addition, the FKGL scores indicate a significant degree of linguistic intricacy, requiring a level of knowledge comparable to about 14 to 15 years of formal schooling in order to understand. The texts about treatment, which are the most frequently searched items, are more difficult to understand compared to other texts about other categories. Clinical Implications The results of this research suggest that compared to texts on other topics the PE texts produced by ChatGPT exhibit a higher degree of complexity, which exceeds the recommended reading threshold for effective health communication. Currently, ChatGPT is cannot be considered a substitute for comprehensive medical consultations. Strengths and Limitations This study is to our knowledge the first reported research investigating the quality and comprehensibility of information generated by ChatGPT in relation to frequently requested queries about PE. The main limitation is that the investigation included only the first 25 popular keywords in English. Conclusion ChatGPT is incapable of replacing the need for thorough medical consultations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between biomarkers, clinical prognostic indexes, and mortality in patients without malignancy. Materials and Method: This retrospective study included patients who were followed up in palliative care units between January 2020 and January 2024. Data were collected from patients' digital database records. Demographic characteristics, clinical features, comorbidities, main reasons, and length of hospital stay were recorded. Laboratory parameters were measured at admission. Patient outcomes were also documented. Result: The study included 416 patients. The mortality rate was 28.36% (n=118). When survivors and nonsurvivors were compared, variables including albumin, protein, white blood cells, neutrophils, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, CRP/albumin, CRP/protein, neutrophil/lymphocyte, and platelet/lymphocyte ratios significantly affected mortality. Logistic regression analysis revealed that only the albumin level was statistically significant (0.010). It was found significant that the albumin value was below 2.76 g/dL (odds ratio 3.688; the area under the curve (AUC)=0.670, and P<.000). The sensitivity and specificity of an albumin cutoff value of 2.05 g/dL were 85% and 97%, respectively. Conclusion: Our study highlights the pivotal role of hypoalbuminaemia as the most significant predictor of mortality in patients on the palliative care unit (PCU) without malignancy. To optimise patient care in palliative settings and better tailor therapeutic interventions, we must recognise the vital role of hypoalbuminaemia as a critical risk factor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To determine the parameters that can predict upgrade with multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) findings before radical prostatectomy (RP) in prostate cancer. The development of mpMRI increases the prediction rate of upgrades. Materials and Methods: The study included 69 patients who were diagnosed with prostate cancer (PCa) between January 2017-December 2020 and subsequently underwent RP. Patients were divided into two groups by comparing prostate biopsies and RP specimens as patients with upgrade (group 1) and patients without upgrade (group 2). Of the 69 patients, 26 were in group 1 and 43 in group 2. The images were evaluated by a single radiologist experienced in mpMRI using the Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System v2.1 scoring system. Biopsy and RP pathology specimens were evaluated by an experienced neuropathologist. Results: The median prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels were higher in patients with upgraded pathology [8.60 (5.90-14.00) ng/dL vs. 7.70 (5.20-10.00) ng/dL, respectively; p=0.040]. The prostate volume [31.88 (23.40-51.48) vs. 48.06 (23.40-87.35); p=0.009] and PSA density [3.72 (2.17-5.62) vs. 5.75 (3.35-9.6), respectively; p=0.007] were lower in patients with upgraded pathology. The tumor percentage on mpMRI was not different between the groups [3.70 (1.80-16.20 vs. 2.50 (1.10-6.60); p=0.076]. The histopathological tumor percentage was significantly higher in patients with upgraded histology (p=0.006). Conclusions: Although the percentage of tumors on multiparametric mpMRI is an inadequate pattern to predict upgrade in PCa patients, prospective studies designed to evaluate its potential will be of great interest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Selcuk Dental Journal is the property of Selcuk Dental Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Autoclave devices are used to perform high‐temperature sterilization processes under pressure. Autoclaves can be integrated with an absorption refrigeration cycle to utilize the waste heat generated at high temperature during the process. Today, many studies are carried out on the evaluation of energy resources. In this study, it is designed to obtain a cooling load by adding an integrated sub‐cycle to the waste steam heat of the autoclave device in a sterilization unit. In the lower cycle, the ammonia/water absorption refrigeration cycle is used. According to the energy analysis; With the condition that the cooling temperature is 7°C, the generator temperature of 95°C and a cooling load of 130.9 W occurred with 531.7 W of waste heat received by the absorption cooling system. Accordingly, an efficiency of COP 0.246 was obtained. The energy analysis of the absorption refrigeration cycle can improve the energy efficiency of the autoclave and save energy. In addition, the obtained cooling load will be preserved in medical supplies that need to be kept cold. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]