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An integral part of the modern oncology service is the high-tech equipment based on nuclear physics methods. An interdisciplinary approach to the development of nuclear medicine and radiotherapy in Russia's healthcare will improve not only the access to nuclear and accelerator technologies in our country, but also their efficiency and safety. Here, we review the role of the National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute" (NRC KI) in the development of nuclear physics methods used in medicine, as well as new opportunities and prospects opened up by the creation of the Scientific and Educational Nuclear Medicine Center, NRC KI. The structure and main engineering characteristics of five developed medical radiology complexes, including a radionuclide production complex and four hadron radiation therapy complexes, are considered in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The first public version of TernAPI (ternary diagrams assessment programming interface) software package for ternary phase diagrams calculation by the convex hull method has been developed. Its reliability and efficiency have been proved on a large set of systems of different kind: organic liquids and fluids mixtures, water solutions, salts, oxides, metallic alloys. A remarkable advantage of TernAPI is a stable work in the case of isolated miscibility gaps (“islands”) described by a uniform Gibbs energy surface equation. It also contains several improvements of phase diagram calculation algorithm, a new module for x – T diagrams polythermal sections calculation and possibility of optimization of thermodynamic models parameters. NRTL model parameters for the acetic acid–N,N-dimethylformamide–cyclohexene ternary system have been optimized in this work. The specialized language based on Ruby and YAML is used for the description of thermodynamic models of phases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the results of experimental and computational investigations of a supersonic ( M∞ = 4.03, Re1 = 55∙106 m−1) flow around two bodies of revolution with conical noses with an opening θ = 40° and cylindrical cases with an extension λ = 5 located near a flat surface at zero angles of attack at a relative distance from each other Z = 1.4. We have made a comparison between the structure of the shock waves formed in the zone of hydrodynamic interference of the bodies of revolution in free flight and in flight over the surface at a distance Y = 0.96. We have demonstrated the possibility of satisfactory prediction of the hydrodynamic structure of the realized flows and aerodynamic characteristics of the bodies under investigation on the basis of the numerical solution of Euler equations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Dynamic surface tensions of lipase in aqueous solutions at pH 7, in Na-phosphate solution at pH 9 and in basic phosphate buffer at pH 11 were measured at the water/air interface in a broad concentration range (10−8 to 10−5 M). Different lipase preparations were immobilized under various conditions in polyelectrolyte complexes (PEC) based on Na-poly(styrene sulfonates) (PSS) as polyanion and poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC) as polycation. Strong lowering of the surface tension was observed for both two component and three component complexes. The dynamic surface tension of these systems allowed conclusions about the stability of the highly surface-active polyelectrolyte complexes which were formed under well defined conditions—pH value during complex formation, ionic strength, polyelectrolyte charge and polyelectrolyte ratio. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The article presents a tribute to Yurii Sergeevich Osipov in celebration of his seventieth birthday on July 7, 2006. Osipov is a member of the scientific community and is the author of scientific papers on stability theory and stabilization of dynamical systems, mathematical modeling, systems theory and others. His scientific researches were applied in various projects including the development of new models of machinery.

The prediction of the performances of supersonic inlets heavily depends on the ability to model Shock-Wave/Turbulent-Boundary-Layer Interactions (SWBLI). A joint experimental and computational study is carried out to identify the flow regimes occurring at Mach 4 between two sharp fins mounted on a flat plate. Three configurations are examined (7°×7°, 7°×11°, 15°×15°) to cover a representative range of interaction strengths. The evolution of the flow regimes with the interaction strength is described. The distributions of pressure and heat-transfer coefficient are related to the identified flow regimes. Experiments and computations agree on the primary features of the flow, while they diverge about the secondary features and the level of the heat transfer in these regions, where it may be over-predicted by a factor of 2−2.5. The SWBLI heat transfer issue is related to specific flow regimes, for which turbulence modeling deficiencies are pointed out. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Addresses the issue of the overprediction of the skin-friction and heat-transfer coefficients in Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes simulations of crossing-shock-wave/turbulent boundary-layer interactions with two-equation turbulence models. Flow regimes and heat-flux peaks; Realizability principles; Corrections based on the strain rate and vorticity invariants; Turbulent length-scale limit.

The spectral and isotherm changes observed for a new photosensitive bis(crown ether) derivative assigned as optical molecular tweezers (OMT) in mixed monolayers with stearic acid by addition of ammonium and diammonium salts indicated the strongest complex formation between OMT and 1,3-diaminopropane dihydrochloride that may be of particular interest for design of chemosensoring nanomaterials. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

This article presents a clinical case of a 40-year-old woman with fulminant myocarditis which progressed rapidly to the development of cardiogenic shock resistant to standard intensive care, but with a positive response to extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

In this review we present in short data of domestic and foreign studies on somatogenic delirium in patients with acute myocardial infarction and with other critical states. The review also contains definitions of basic conceptions, contemporary approaches to diagnosis and management of this complication.

To measure the volume of extracellular fluid, integral rheography is suggested. Investigations were carried out in 190 practically normal children aged 3 to 14 years. A well-defined reverse relationship was established between basic resistance and the volume of extracellular fluid. The given conclusion was confirmed by examination of children with the nephrotic syndrome, made during disappearance of edema. In edema, basic resistance was found to be reduced whereas in edema disappearance, it increased.