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Work toward establishing a program of international cooperative studies in scientific hydrology began about 4 years ago, and the IHD (International Hydrological Decade) will begin under international auspices in January 1965. This program will be highly important for hydrology and hydrologists, and it should contribute greatly to human welfare in the future. Fortuitously, the opening year coincides with International Cooperation Year of the United Nations Organization. American participation in the program will contribute to the purpose avowed by the President [Johnson, 1964] in a commencement address at Holy Cross early in June 1964: “to dedicate this year to finding new techniques for making Man's knowledge serve Man's welfare. Let this be a year of science.”

Engineering proceeds from the simplicity of its early days to the sometimes amazing complexity of its present practices. And important new branches of engineering spring into being to make their contributions to human welfare. There has thus arisen the significant and rapidly developing field of electronic engineering, the future of which is here considered by the vice-president in charge of engineering of the Westinghouse Electric Corporation.

The World Food Congress is now in session in Washington, D.C. The program deals directly with problems that are basic to human welfare. Prof. Arnold J. Toynbee of Great Britain, in one of his opening major addresses, dealt with man's constant fight to change the balance of nature in his own favor, and showed that effort in some areas is being defeated by lack of attention to other areas. He referred to the goals of abolishing pestilence, war, and famine. We are making progress against the first, there is some hope of conquering the second, and great efforts are being directed against the third. Yet the very success of such efforts is contributing to an increase in population that may become unsupportable. Mankind's future, Prof. Toynbee says, is at stake in a formidable race between population growth and famine. It is not unreasonable to say that we have adequate scientific and ...

Some projections into the future of the world economy depict an increasing rate of economic concentration, inviting serious thoughts as to its ability to provide for human welfare and to maintain a reasonable degree of diversity and pluralism in the world social system. Howard Perlmutter (1969, 1968) advances what he calls the "300-Hypothesis," a prediction that the global system of the future will be dominated by 300 or so giant enterprises. Economist Stephen Hymer (1970) propounds the same hypothesis and argues that present trends could produce a regime of 300 or 400 multinational corporations controlling 60 to 70% of the world industrial output. And Richard Barber's (1970) recent discussion of concentration in the American economy contends that "the entire industrialized world will soon be characterized by as high a degree of concentration as now prevails in the United States." By 1980, concludes Barber (1970: 264), "three hundred corporations will control 75 percent of the world's manufacturing assets."'

IN ALL the history of mankind, no profession has made as much progress and no group of men has contributed as much to human welfare as has the medical profession during this half century. This progress, like most progress, was achieved at a cost, in this case at some sacrifice of the personal relationship between the physician and his patient. Surgeons of past generations, who were to an extent general practitioners, thought of their patients as persons and cultivated the empathy which is so essential to human understanding. During this period there was no holistic emphasis or discussion of integrative levels. Nevertheless the surgeon had "the feel of the patient" and dealt with him not as another problem but as a feeling person with hopes and ambitions, with disappointments and frustrations, who worked, loved and played. With the generation preceding the present one came specialization in medicine, and the interests

Following discussion on name, functions, and financing of this Committee by the Extraordinary Assembly, held at Cambridge, England, last summer. Resolution 13: (a) To adopt Resolution 17, passed by the Extraordinary Meeting of the Executive Committee held at Oxford, England, November, 1945, namely: “A Committee on the Social Value of the Earth Sciences be formed, under the chairmanship of Dr. R. M. Field, with the object of preparing a general statement on the value of the Earth Sciences for human welfare, and of instituting such forms of publicity as may from time to time be desirable.”

The author thinks that the present conditions of living, especially the housing conditions, have deprived modern man of much of the normal illumination to which his race was accustomed during its early development. To illustrate this fact, he states that at noon on a clear day, in direct sunlight, we are exposed to an illumination of about 10,000 foot candles, and in the shadow of a tree under the same conditions we have an illumination of about 1,000 foot candles, whereas indoors, by the aid of a 100 watt tungsten-filament lamp, at a distance of 3 feet, we have an illumination of only about 10 foot candles, and most persons submit to an illumination of even less intensity. Because of these conditions, we are living in a half-seeing world. In spite of the fact that our illumination is far subnormal and usually ill-directed and distributed, our eyes are

Introduction The realization of the Second Polar Year in 1932–1933, as a truly international project, is a monument to the enthusiasm and indefatigability of the late Dr. D. la Cour and to the support generously provided by the Danish Meteorological Institute. From it have already resulted many valuable contributions to knowledge of polar geophysics in numerous publications and in completed or partially completed manuscripts. There remains much material not yet fully compiled or discussed. It would be peculiarly unfortunate if the potentialities for increased understanding of polar geophysics resulting from this great project, in which so many nations and men took selfless part at great cost, were not fully analysed and published. The past ten years have demonstrated that progress and future human welfare depend upon more solid knowledge of natural phenomena in the Arctic and Antarctic.

"The objects of this Association are to promote the science and art of medicine and the betterment of public health," states the constitution of the nation-wide organization we represent here tonight. Not only are these the objects, but they have been the goals already won, and still constitute the guiding stars before our profession here in America and throughout the world. PROGRESS OF CIVILIZATION AND MEDICINE Civilization is a constantly expanding phenomenon. It must remain alive, sensitive, mobile, since it rests on myriads of lives. If it fails to grow, it stagnates. While individuals are born, develop, mature, decay and die and all society must rest on them, there must always be more of the vigor of youth and growth than of maturity and senility if progress is to be made. Life, and life more abundantly, is the key to human welfare. Life means health. It must have the plus

made out against the traditional practice of medicine from a societal viewpoint, as having characteristics of a monopoly in restraint of human welfare, but these have neglected powerful group and individual interest factors that have moved but slightly under tremendous pressure. In summary, then, interest criteria in propaganda analysis as in other aspects of sociology and social psychology are desirable parts of a scientific frame of reference, expressed in terms of societal, group and class, and individual interest criteria. Popularly these criteria are formulated by societal morals, group mores, and conscious and subconscious individual habit patterns, and these popular criteria are so all-pervasive that sociologists require considerable study and effort to dissociate themselves from prejudicing aspects of them. In attempting such dissociation, they can gradually work out a frame of reference that will permit the use of all three types of interest criteria. The sociologist can thus orient himself, interest-wise, to the social phenomena under observation and relate various other individual, group, class, and societal elements to the propagandas being analyzed. War. Columbia University Press, 1939; Walter Millis, Road to War: America I9I4-19I7. Houghton Miffin Co., I935; and Maurice R. Davie, The Evolution of War. Yale University Press, 1929. W C"U. S. Medicine in Transition," Fortune Magaznie. Vol. 3o, No. 6, December I944, pp. I56-i63, i84, i86, i88, i9o, and I93; "Health and the Doctors," Propaganda Analysis. Vol. 4 1940-42, No. ii; Kingsley Roberts, Medical Care in Selected Areas of the Appalachian. Bituminous Coal Fields. Bureau of Cooperative Medicine, 1939.

To what extent does the state now assume responsibility for the medical care of its citizens? In this paper I attempt to answer the question through an analysis of existing laws and current practices in the state of New York. Through a succession of far-reaching laws for human welfare, the state and local governments in New York already have become responsible for many and diverse types of medical care, supplementing traditional preventive health functions. The treatment of mental disease, for example, has been a state function since 1890. There has been built up an excellent system of hospitals, with a patient population of nearly 55,000, maintained at a cost of about $20,000,000 a year. Appearing frequently in old laws was the term "pauper insane," a term which now is replaced by "persons with mental disease." This well illustrates the change in public concept toward this problem. Supplementing the excellent system

Science is a human endeavor and should contribute to human welfare; society has the right to demand that it do so.

To the Editor: —Following is a statement relative to that portion of your article on the association mentioned which relates to me: I was not aware that my name appeared on the program of the American Association for Medico-Physical Research. If this occurred, it was wholly without my consent. I did not appear before the meeting in question. For reasons entirely personal, I cannot at this time disclose the history of my early scientific studies and graduation in medicine. Accordingly I shall discontinue the use of the title. I have not attempted to practice medicine but have devoted myself to researches in electromagnetic energies and their application to the problem of human welfare.