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RESUMEN Objetivo Analizar la producción científica, indexada, asociada a las condiciones laborales y de salud en migrantes. Metodo Revisión integrativa de artículos publicados en el periodo 2009 a 2019, utilizando bases de indización Medline/PUBMED; ScIELO; SCOPUS utilizando los descriptores MeSH y DeCS: Condiciones de Trabajo, Estado de Salud, Inmigrantes. Resultados Se obtuvo un total de 21 estudios., distribuidos en 17 en Medline/PUBMED; 3 en ScIELO y 1 en SCOPUS. La mayoría de artículos cuantitativo fueron realizados en Brasil y España. La discriminación, explotación, mala calidad de vida, nivel de educación, mala autopercepción de salud, fueron principales resultados. Conclusiones Existe una falta de estudios que evidencien la realidad ocurrida en América Latina, para enfermería como disciplina y profesión se abre un gran desafío para estudiar a la población trabajadora migrante, pues permitirá entregar evidencias de este grupo humano, se lograrán generar intervenciones que favorezcan la salud de esta población y se podrán promover conductas saludables a nivel laboral e individual

Background: There is limited evidence concerning the relationship between vascular disease and health-related quality of life (HRQL). We investigated the relationship between vascular structure and function with health-related quality of life in a population with intermediate cardiovascular risk. Methods: This study analyzed 303 subjects with ankle-brachial index (ABI) values ranging from 0.9 to 1.4 who were included in the MARK study (age 35 to 74 years; mean: 60.5 +/- 8.5), of which 50.2 % were women. Measurements included: ABI, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (ba-PWV), and cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), all measured using the VaSera device. The central augmentation index was adjusted to 75 lpm (AIx_75) using the Mobil-O-Graph device. HRQL was assessed by the Spanish version of the SF-12, version2. The highest obtained CAVI and ba-PWV values and the lowest ABI values were considered for the study. Results: The cohort was composed of21 % smokers, 76 % hypertensive patients, and 24 % diabetic patients. The ABI mean was 1.09 +/- 0.07, the ba-PWV mean was 14.64 +/- 2.55 m/s with a 12.9 % of subjects higher than 17.5 m/s, AIx_75 26.46 +/- 14.05, and CAVI 8.61 +/- 1.08 with a 36.6 % of subjects higher than 9. Men scored higher than women in the HRQL measurements for physical (PSC-12; 49.9 vs. 46.9, p = 0.004) and mental (MSC-12) domains (51.2 vs. 47.7, p = 0.003). Age was positively correlated with CAVI (r = 0.547), ba-PWV (r = 0.469), AIx_75 (r = 0.255, p < 0.01), and the MSC-12 (r = 0.147, p < 0.05), but not the PSC-12. In the adjusted multiple linear regression analysis, the positive association of ABI and CAVI with the PSC-12 was maintained. Conclusions: The ABI in the normal range has a positive association with the PSC-12 of HRQL evaluated with the SF-12. The CAVI also showed a positive association with the PSC-12 of HRQL., This work was supported by grants from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MICINN), the Carlos III Health Institute/European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) (MICINN, ISCIII/FEDER) (Red RedIAPP RD12/0005, Research Groups: RD12/0005/0004, RD12/0005/0002, RD12/0005/0011), the Health Research Fund (PI10/01088, PI10/02077, PI10/02043), Agency for Management of University and Research Grants [2014SGR00902] and the Regional Health Management of the Castilla and Leon (GRS 635/A/11; GRS 906/B/14).

Objective. To compare the self-perceived health, use of health services and unmet need for health care (UNHC) among immigrants and native populations of Southeast Spain. Materials and methods. Cross-sectional study of two representative samples of 1150 immigrants, and 1303 native participants from the National Health Survey. A single database was created with specific weights for each sample, and prevalence ratios (PR) were estimated by multivariate regression. Results. Moroccans, Ecuadorians and Eastern Europeans (EE) reported poorer health than the native population (PRs [CI95%]: 2.45 [1.91-3.15]; 1.51 [1.28-1.79] and 1.44 [1.08-1.93], respectively). Immigrants made greater use of emergencies that natives (except for EE) and had lower use of medication. Moroccan showed the greatest difference in the frequency of UNHC (PR [CI95%]:12.20 [5.25 - 28.37]), mainly because of working limitations (46%). Conclusions. The health status and use of health services among immigrants differ significantly from those of natives. Results highlight the higher frequency of UNHC among immigrants, especially high in Moroccans.

Background: Knowledge about trends in the socioeconomic patterning of overweight and obesity in women provides insights into the nature of the obesity epidemic. Therefore the aim was to assess a ten-year trend (2000-2010) in the prevalence of excessive weight in Balearic Islands' women and its association with socioeconomic factors. Method: Young (18-35 year-old) and middle-aged (36-55 year-old) women were selected from two population-based cross-sectional nutritional surveys carried out in the Balearic Islands, Spain. The participation rate was 80 % during 1999-2000 and 92.5 % during 2009-2010. Measured weight and height was obtained, and body mass index (kg/m(2)) was classified as follows: overweight (25.0 < 30), obese (>= 30) and excessive weight (>= 25). In both surveys, a general questionnaire including questions relating to socioeconomic status factors was used. Logistic regression was used to examine the association of excessive weight with socioeconomic variables and to test the interaction between the survey period and the socioeconomic factors. Results: Overall, while the prevalence of obesity mainly remained stable over the study period, the prevalence of overweight increased from 21.0 to 24.8 %. Young women showed an increased prevalence of overweight and excessive weight, from 14.1 to 20.9 % and from 20.9 to 28.6 %, respectively. Significant differences were not found in middle-aged women. Over the whole period, the incidence of excessive weight was higher among middle-aged and foreign women, but lower in women with a high educational profile and in employment. The prevalence of excessive weight in young women was also around 2.5 times higher in women who were living with at least one child at home. The tendency towards excessive weight in employed women decreased significantly between 2000 and 2010 in the younger age group (OR: 0.42; 95 % CI: 0.22-0.82). Conclusions: No significant increase in the prevalence of overweight/obesity was observed in middle-aged women, with a low level of education being the single socioeconomic variable associated with excessive weight in this target group. Overweight/obesity increased in young women with unemployment being the distinguishing socioeconomic factor associated with this increase., Spanish Ministry of Health and Consumption Affairs (Projects 05/1276, 08/1259, 11/01791, 14/00636, Red Predimed-RETIC RD06/0045/1004, and CIBEROBN CB12/03/30038), Grant of support to research groups no. 35/2011 (BI Gov.) and EU FEDER funds. Spanish Ministry of Education and Science (FPU Programme, PhD fellowship to M.M.B.). The Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress belongs to the Centre Catala de la Nutricio and Exernet Network.

Background: Under-diagnosis of COPD is an important unmet medical need. We investigated the characteristics and prognosis of hospitalised patients with undiagnosed COPD. Methods: The PAC-COPD cohort included 342 COPD patients hospitalised for the first time for an exacerbation of COPD (2004-2006). Patients were extensively characterised using sociodemographic, clinical and functional variables, and the cohort was followed-up through 2008. We defined undiagnosed COPD by the absence of any self-reported respiratory disease and regular use of any pharmacological respiratory treatment. Results: Undiagnosed COPD was present in 34% of patients. They were younger (mean age 66 vs. 68 years, p = 0.03), reported fewer symptoms (mMRC dyspnoea score, 2.1 vs. 2.6, p < 0.01), and had a better health status (SGRQ total score, 29 vs. 40, p < 0.01), milder airflow limitation (FEV1% ref., 59% vs. 49%, p < 0.01), and fewer comorbidities (two or more, 40% vs. 56%, p < 0.01) when compared with patients with an established COPD diagnosis. Three months after hospital discharge, 16% of the undiagnosed COPD patients had stopped smoking (vs. 5%, p = 0.019). During follow-up, annual hospitalisation rates were lower in undiagnosed COPD patients (0.14 vs. 0.25, p < 0.01); however, this difference disappeared after adjustment for severity. Mortality was similar in both groups. Conclusions: Undiagnosed COPD patients have less severe disease and lower risk of re-hospitalisation when compared with hospitalised patients with known COPD., The PAC-COPD Study is funded by grants from Fondo de Investigacion Sanitaria (FIS PI020541), Ministry of Health, Spain; Agencia d'Avaluacio de Tecnologia i Recerca Mediques (AATRM 035/20/02), Catalonia Government; Spanish Society of Pneumology and Thoracic Surgery (SEPAR 2002/137); Catalan Foundation of Pneumology (FUCAP 2003 Beca Maria Rava); Red RESPIRA (RTIC C03/11); Red RCESP (RTIC C03/09); Fondo de Investigacion Sanitaria (PI052486); Fondo de Investigacion Sanitaria (PI052302); Fondo de Investigacion Sanitaria (PI060684); Fundacio La Marato de TV3 (num. 041110); and Novartis Farmaceutica, Spain. CIBERESP and CIBERES are funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministry of Health, Spain. No involvement of funding sources in the study design, the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data, the writing of the report, or in the decision to submit the article for publication. Researchers are independent from funders.

RESUMEN Presentamos el caso de un paciente asintomático, deportista de alto rendimiento, al que tras la realización de un electrocardiograma se le diagnosticó de síndrome de preexcitación cardíaca sin taquicardia, realizándose una ablación de la vía accesoria. La preexcitación cardíaca es la existencia de una o varias vías accesorias que conducen sin paso por el nodo auriculoventricular. Se plantea la importancia de realizar estudios cardiólogicos a todos aquellos pacientes que realizan actividades deportivas intensas.

FUNDAMENTO: El estado de salud y algunas características clínicas configuran un grupo de ancianos que necesitan más cuidados, que podrían beneficiarse de asistencia geriátrica especializada, aunque no existe consenso para identificar estos pacientes. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir el perfil de los pacientes mayores de 64 años ingresados en una unidad geriátrica y compararlo con los mayores de esta edad ingresados en los servicios médicos y quirúrgicos. MÉTODO: Durante 18 meses se siguió una cohorte representativa de la población mayor de 64 años del Partido Judicial de Toledo (n=3214), para identificar los ingresos y estancias hospitalarias en los hospitales públicos del área sanitaria. Las variables sobre estado de salud, se recogieron por entrevista personal, y los ingresos y sus características según datos del servicio de admisiones hospitalario. RESULTADOS: Ingresaron 410 personas (12,8%), en geriatría 168 pacientes (30,7%), en servicios médicos 204 (37,3%) y en servicios quirúrgicos 174 (32,0%). En geriatría la edad media fue significativamente mayor (77,4 años), sin diferencias en la estancia media (12,8 días;IC95%:10,6-14,0), fallecieron 44 pacientes (8,1%), ingresados en geriatría 26 (59,1%). En los servicios quirúrgicos ingresaron más mujeres, pacientes más jóvenes y con déficit leve de visión y audición; en geriatría, respecto a servicios médicos, más pacientes mayores de 80 años, viviendo en residencias, sin pareja, dependencia funcional moderada-severa, deterioro cognitivo, depresión, mala calidad de vida y escasos recursos sociales. CONCLUSIONES: No se observaron diferencias en el estado de salud entre los mayores de 64 años ingresados en servicios no quirúrgicos y quirúrgicos. En geriatría, respecto a los otros grupos de servicios, los pacientes tuvieron una edad media más elevada, peor estado de salud, mayor mortalidad y estancia media similar. BACKGROUND: The health condition and some clinical aspects configure a group of senior citizens in need of further care who could benefit from specialized geriatric care, although no consensus exists as to how to identify these patients. The aim of this study is to describe the profile of those patients over 64 years of age who are hospitalized in a geriatric unit and to compare this profile to the senior citizens hospitalized in general medical and surgical units. METHOD: A cohort representative of the population over age 64 in the Judicial District of Toledo (n=3214) was studied over an eighteen-month period for the purpose of identifying the income and length of stays at the public hospitals in the health care district in question. The health condition-related variables were gathered by means of personal interviews, and the income and the different aspects thereof by way of hospitaladmissions department data. RESULTS: A total of 410 individuals were admitted (12.8%), 168 patients (30.7%) in geriatrics, 204 (37.3%) in medical units and 174 (32.0%) in surgical units. In geriatrics, the average age was significantly higher (age 77.4), there being no differences in the average length of stay (12.8 days; CI 95%) 10.6-14.0), 44 patients (8.1%) having died, 26 (59.1%) hospitalized in geriatrics. More females, younger patients having minor vision and hearing impairments were admitted to the surgical units. In geriatrics, as compared to the medical units, more patients over 80 years of age, living in senior citizen living facilities, having no spouse, moderate-to-severe functional dependence, impaired cognitive function, depression, poor quality of life and scanty social resources. CONCLUSIONS: No differences were found to exist between the health conditions of those over age 64 who were hospitalized in non-surgical and surgical units. In geriatrics, as compared to the other groups of units, the patients were older, in worse condition, had a higher death rate and similar average length of stay.

Objetivo: Evaluar la calidad de vida (CV) global en personas con demencia e investigar las variables asociadas con la percepción subjetiva de la CV. Pacientes y métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio transversal en seis centros de Barcelona y Tarragona. Un total de 99 personas con demencia leve-moderada que vivían en casa con un cuidador conocido completaron una entrevista cara-cara que incluía información sociodemográfica, percepción del estado de salud, un listado de problemas crónicos de salud, sintomatología depresiva, estado funcional, aspectos positivos, sentido de la vida y satisfacción con las relaciones personales. La CV global se evaluó con la pregunta global del World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF. Resultados: El 40,6% de los entrevistados consideró su CV como buena/muy buena. Los análisis univariados de regresión logística ordinal y binaria no mostraron asociación entre CV con datos sociodemográficos, gravedad de la demencia ni estado funcional, pero sí con las otras variables de estudio. Los análisis multivariados de la regresión logística ordinal y binaria mostraron que una mejor percepción de salud y mayor satisfacción con las relaciones personales se asociaban con mejor CV. Asimismo, en el análisis multivariado de regresión logística ordinal, mejor CV se asoció con un menor número de síntomas depresivos, y en el análisis de regresión logística binaria, con disfrutar de la vida y menor gravedad de la demencia. Conclusiones: Personas con demencia leve-moderada pueden informar sobre su CV y estados subjetivos. Además de los aspectos relacionados con la salud, aspectos positivos y las relaciones personales deberían evaluarse sistemáticamente en esta población.

Fundamento: Nuestro interés se centra en conocer el estado de salud en general y el nivel de autonomía en las actividades de vida diaria de los usuarios de los Centros de Día. Método: El estudio consistió en la administración de un cuestionario diseñado por los propios investigadores y validado mediante una prueba de jueces. El cuestionario contenía 50 preguntas referentes a los diversos aspectos analizados. La muestra incluyó todos los centros de día situados en la provincia de Lleida. Resultados: El estudio de las variables sobre nivel de autonomía en las actividades de vida diaria y salud muestran que el 65% de los usuarios de los Centros de Día padecen alguna enfermedad. Por otro lado, el estado de salud se relaciona con la edad y con el tipo de centro. En cuanto a la percepción subjetiva, el reultado principal fue que un 44% de las personas mayores destacan las limitaciones provocadas por su estado de salud. Conclusiones: Los resultados de la encuesta ponen de manifiesto la necesidad de aplicar programas de educación para la salud, debido al gran número de usuarios que en estos Centros de Día presentan problemas de salud. Además, también se ha puesto de manifiesto una necesidad de mejora del grado de aceptación de las limitaciones impuestas por el propio estado de salud. Estas adaptaciones servirían, sin duda, para prevenir y promocionar la salud y así aumentar la calidad de vida de las personas mayores.

Una de las preocupaciones por las consecuencias sociales del crecimiento urbano actual es la desigualdad en salud, generada por las condiciones deficientes de habitabilidad en la vivienda. El estudio de los resultados de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud 2007, la aplicación de un cuestionario mejorado y un sondeo participativo en la localidad de Suba en Bogotá permitieron analizar las relaciones entre la habitabilidad de las viviendas y las disparidades en el estado de salud de la población. Mediante una metodología comprensiva fue posible demostrar disparidades en salud atribuibles a las condiciones de habitabilidad. One concern about the social consequences of the current urban growth, health inequality is generated by poor living conditions in the house. A study from the results of the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) 2007, the subject of this article, the application of an improved questionnaire and a participatory survey in a town of Bogota, possible to analyze the relationship between substandard housing and disparities in the health status of the population. With comprehensive methodology could establish an association between housing conditions and health perception. Uma preocupação com as consequências sociais do crescimento urbano atual, a desigualdade de saúde é gerado por más condições de vida na casa. Um estudo a partir dos resultados do Inquérito Nacional de Saúde (SNIS) de 2007, o tema deste artigo, a aplicação de um questionário melhorado e uma pesquisa participativa em uma cidade de Bogotá, possível analisar a relação entre habitações precárias e as disparidades nas condições de saúde da população. Com metodologia abrangente poderia estabelecer uma associação entre condições de moradia e percepção de saúde.

Production of INCASI Project H2020-MSCA-RISE-2015 GA 691004 Objetivos: Contribuir a las discusiones teórico metodológicas sobre la interseccionalidad, analizando las desigualdades en salud de la población de 18 años y más, residente en zonas urbanas de Argentina. Materiales y Métodos: A través de regresiones logísticas, se aborda el efecto del sexo, la edad, la clase social y la región de residencia sobre la autopercepción del estado de salud y la existencia de limitaciones en la vida cotidiana asociadas a una enfermedad crónica diagnosticada. Para ello, se analiza la Encuesta de Utilización y Gastos en Servicios de Salud realizada en 2010 en Argentina. Resultados: Tanto la autopercepción del estado de salud como las limitaciones en la vida cotidiana producto de una enfermedad crónica diagnosticada se encuentran estadísticamente relacionadas con la posición de clase social, la edad, el sexo y la región de residencia. Las regresiones logísticas por separado para hombres y mujeres muestran que las desigualdades de clase tienden a ser mayores entre las mujeres y menores entre los hombres, para ambos indicadores de salud aquí analizados.Conclusiones: El peor estado de salud de las mujeres en relación con los hombres no se reparte de manera homogénea entre los distintos grupos sociales, lo que indica una interacción entre estratificadores sociales. Objectives: To contribute to the theoretical-methodological discussions on intersectionality, analyzing the health inequalities of the population aged 18 and over, resident in urban areas of Argentina. Materials and Methods: Logistic regressions were used to analyze the effect of gender, age, social class and region of residence on the self-perception of health status and the existence of limitations in everyday life, associated with a diagnosed chronic disease. Information was obtained from the Survey of Utilization and Expenses of Health Services carried out in 2010 in Argentina. Results: Both the self-perception of health status and the limitations in everyday life, resulting from a diagnosed chronic disease, are statistically related to social class position, age, gender and the region of residence. Logistic regressions separately for men and women show that class inequalities tend to be higher among women and lower among men, for both health indicators analyzed here.Conclusions: The worst health status of women in relation to men is not evenly distributed among the different social groups, indicating an interaction between socially stratifying factors. Objetivos: Contribuir às discutições teórico-metodológicas sobre a interseccionalidade, analisando as desigualdades em saúde da povoação de 18 anos e mais, residentes em zonas urbanas de Argentina. Materiais e Métodos: A través de regressões logísticas se aborda o efeito do sexo, a idade, a classe social a região de residência sobre a autopercepção do estado de saúde e a existência de limitações na vida cotidiana associadas a uma doença crônica diagnosticada. Para isto, se analisa a Enquete de Utilização e Gastos em Serviços de Saúde realizada em 2010 em Argentina. Resultados: Tanto a autopercepção do estado de saúde como as limitações na vida cotidiana produto duma doença crônica diagnosticada se encontra estatisticamente relacionadas com a posição de classe social, a idade, o sexo e a região de residência. As regressões logísticas por separado para homens e mulheres amostram que as desigualdades de classe tendem a serem maiores entre as mulheres e menores entre os homens, para ambos indicadores de saúde aqui analisados. Conclusões: O pior estado de saúde das mulheres em relação com os homens não se reparte de maneira homogênea entre os distintos grupos sociais, o que indica uma interação entre estratificadores sociais.