Search

We investigated a series of La1−xCexFePO , and constructed a rich phase diagram by transport, magnetic, and thermodynamic measurements. Upon Ce doping, superconductivity is suppressed and disappears near . For the broad doping region , the Ce moments behave as single-ion Kondo impurities. With further Ce doping, the system evolves into a coherent Kondo lattice, with the critical concentration far exceeding the percolation limit of for a two-dimensional square lattice. No long-range magnetic ordering is identified on this phase diagram, while short-range spin-glass behavior is suggested to coexist with the single-ion Kondo phase. Within the spin-glass phase, the dominant magnetic correlation is found to change from antiferromagnetic-like to ferromagnetic-like as Ce concentration increases. We discuss the results based on the disordered Kondo lattice model, and ascribe the phase diagram to the high frustration of the Ce moments introduced by the superexchange interactions bridged by O and P anions. Our work hence provides an intriguing platform to study the disordered Kondo effect in the high-frustration limit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A single-image passive ranging and three-dimensional (3D) imaging system with chiral phase encoding was proposed in 2011 [Opt. Lett.36, 115 (2011)]. A new theoretical analysis of the system in space domain is presented in this paper. We deduce the analytic relationships between the object distance and the point spread function, and between the object distance and the encoded image, respectively. Both the point spread function and the processed spectrum of the encoded image have two spots, which will rotate with the variation of the object distance. Then the depth map is extracted from the encoded image and it can be used to set up 3D images. The theoretical analysis is verified by a wavefront coding system with a chiral phase which is generated by a phase-only liquid-crystal spatial light modulator. The phase generated by the liquid-crystal spatial light modulator is more flexible than the fixed phase mask and can be adjusted in real time. It is especially suitable for observing the object with a large depth of field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The traditional linear stability analysis for transition prediction includes the following steps: solving velocity profiles using boundary-layer equations or a computational fluid dynamics solver, guessing and searching operations for the eigenvalues, computing the linear perturbation equations, and integrating the amplification factor N. It is difficult to implement into modern computational fluid dynamics solvers with parallel computations because it requires many nonlocal variables and coordinate system transformations. In this Paper, an amplification factor transport equation, which can be coupled with a modern computational fluid dynamics parallel solver, is established based on the analysis results through linear stability theory for stationary crossflow instabilities. According to the analysis results of Falkner-Skan-Cooke similarity velocity profiles using linear stability theory analysis, the source term of the present transport equation is formulated locally to describe the growth of stationary crossflow waves in the laminar boundary layer. This new equation is added to the NTS equation proposed by Coder and Maughmer for Tollmien-Schlichting instabilities. Finally, coupling of these two amplification factor transport equations and Menter's shear stress transport turbulence model completes an effective transition turbulence model. Comparisons between the present predictions, wind tunnel experiments and the standard linear stability theory analysis on an NLF(2)-0415 infinite swept wing, Petzold's sickle-shaped wing and 6:1 inclined prolate spheroid validate the reasonable establishment of the present amplification factor transport equation for stationary crossflow instabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hostile sexism is a blatant and explicit form of sexism consisting of antagonistic attitudes toward women. We hypothesized that men's personal relative deprivation, a subjectively perceived disadvantage, would predict their hostile sexism toward women. In addition, we expected that, if this effect occurs, a sense of control would act as a mediator. Five studies (N = 1352) confirmed these hypotheses. Study 1 showed that personal relative deprivation predicted hostile sexism only for men, but not for women among Chinese college students. In addition, we observed the effect of personal relative deprivation only on hostile sexism, but not on benevolent sexism. Study 2, which employed participants from the United States, directly replicated the findings of Study 1. Studies 3 and 4 further showed that a sense of control acted as a mediator in this process. As such, increased hostile sexism attitude (Study 3) and hostile sexism behavior (Study 4) predicted by personal relative deprivation could result from a reduced sense of control. Study 5 further provided causal evidence that a temporarily induced state of personal relative deprivation resulted in a higher level of hostile sexism via a reduced sense of control. We discuss theoretical and practical implications for relative deprivation, gender inequality, and interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new computational fluid dynamics compatible transition model for the natural transition and laminar separation bubble induced transition is established using two transport equations with consideration of analysis results through linear stability theory linear stability theory. One transport equation is introduced to describe the growth of the laminar kinetic energy in the boundary layer. In addition, another transport equation of intermittency factor is built to trigger the transition by controlling the source term of turbulent kinetic energy equation. Finally, applying the two transport equations to a shear stress transport turbulence model completes a four-equation transition turbulence model. Comparisons of predictions using the new model with wind-tunnel experiments of the Schubauer and Klebanoff flat plate, S809 airfoil, Aerospatiale-A airfoil, and DLR-F5 wing validate the predictive qualities of the new transition turbulence model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a novel adsorbent (SRM-ZnO) was prepared using zinc oxide supported on red mud in a seawater medium and was used for the adsorption of methyl orange (MO). It is expected to solve the recycling of red mud and prepare an economical adsorbent with high efficiency to adsorb dye wastewater. Material composition and morphology analyses showed that hydrotalcite compounds were attached on the surface of SRM-ZnO. The hydrotalcite compounds can increase the surface area of the modified red mud and thus increase the adsorption capacity of MO. The adsorption of MO dye on modified red mud conforms to the Temkin isotherm model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The adsorption behavior mainly includes physical interaction, supplemented with chemical interactions. Result also found that the adsorption of MO on SRM-ZnO is a spontaneous exothermic process. HIGHLIGHTS A novel adsorbent was prepared using ZnO supported on red mud in seawater.; Hydrotalcite compounds formed on the surface of SRM-ZnO can improve adsorbing capacity.; The adsorption complies with the Temkin isotherm model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model.; The adsorption is mainly physisorption, supplemented with chemical adsorption.;

Ultrasound–microwave combined extraction (UMCE), gradient ethanol precipitation, chemical characterization, and antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities of Lycium barbarum leaf polysaccharides (LLP) were systematically studied. The optimal conditions for UMCE of LLP achieved by response surface method (RSM) were as follows: microwave time of 16 min, ultrasonic time of 20 min, particle size of 100 mesh, and ratio of liquid to solid of 55:1. Three novel polysaccharide fractions (LLP30, LLP50, LLP70) with different molecular weights were obtained by gradient ethanol precipitation. Polysaccharide samples exhibited scavenging capacities against ABTS and DPPH radicals and inhibitory activities against α-glucosidase and α-amylase. Among the three fractions, LLP30 possessed relatively high antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities in vitro, which showed a potential for becoming a nutraceutical or a phytopharmaceutical for prevention and treatment of hyperglycemia or diabetes.

Abstract Background Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play a critical regulatory role in cancer progression. However, the underlying mechanisms of circRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) metastasis remain mostly unknown. Methods Has_circ_0003998 (circ0003998) was identified by RNAs sequencing in HCC patients with /without portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) metastasis. The expression level of circ0003998 was further detected by in situ hybridization on tissues microarray (ISH-TMA) and qRT-PCR in 25 HCC patients with PVTT metastasis. Moreover, the 25 HCC patients with PVTT metastasis and 50 HCC patients without PVTT metastasis were recruited together to analyze the correlation between circ0003998 expression and HCC clinical characteristics. Transwell, migration and CCK8 assays, as well as nude mice model of lung or liver metastasis were used to evaluate the role of circ0003998 in epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in HCC. The regulatory mechanisms of circ0003998 in miR-143-3p and PCBP1 were determined by dual-luciferase reporter assay, nuclear-cytoplasmic fractionation, fluorescent in situ hybridization, RNA pull- down, microRNA sequence, western blot and RNA immunoprecipitation. Results Compared with adjacent normal liver tissues (ANL), circ0003998 expression was significantly upregulated in PVTT tissues and HCC tissues, and its expression correlates with the aggressive characteristics of HCC patients. Further assays suggested that circ0003998 promoted EMT of HCC both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, our data indicated that circ0003998 may act as a ceRNA (competing endogenous RNA) of microRNA-143-3p to relieve the repressive effect on EMT-related stimulator, FOSL2; meanwhile, circ0003998 could bind with PCBP1-poly(rC) binding protein 1 (PCBP1) to increase the expression level of EMT-related genes, CD44v6. Conclusion Circ0003998 promotes EMT of HCC by circ0003998/miR-143-3p/FOSL2 axis and circ0003998 /PCBP1/CD44v6 axis.

• The overall prevalence of C. burnetii in sheep and goats was found to be 6.8 %. • C. burnetii strains identified herein closely related to those identified in humans worldwide. • High risk of C. burnetii infection among slaughterhouse workers. • It's important to investigate samples from humans and animals within the "One Health" framework. Q fever is a significant zoonotic disease caused by Coxiella burnetii , an obligate intracellular gram-negative bacterium. Although C. burnetii infection has been identified in various animal species, domestic ruminants serve as the primary reservoirs and main sources of human infection. Understanding of the epidemiology of C. burnetii in domestic ruminants is crucial for preventing and controlling of C. burnetii infection in humans. In this study, spleen tissues from sheep and goats were collected in Hennan province, China. Through PCR screening, C. burnetii was detected in sheep and goats in Henan province with an overall infection rate of 6.8 %. Sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis revealed that all newly identified C. burnetii strains shared a close genetic relationship with those found in humans worldwide. These findings highlight the high risk of C. burnetii infection among slaughterhouse workers and emphasize the importance of epidemiological studies that investigate samples from both humans and animals within the "One Health" framework. Such surveillance will contribute to a better understanding of the epidemic situation and aid in the development of effective prevention and control strategies for C. burnetii infections in humans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A single-point transition closure model that incorporates analytical results by stability theory in a reasonably wide range of Mach numbers has been formulated for supersonic/hypersonic boundary-layer flows, which includes two transport equations to specify the transition onset locations: one for the eddy-viscosity coefficient of laminar fluctuations and another for intermittency factor. The effects of compressibility are modeled through solutions of laminar self-similar boundary layer at subsonic and supersonic conditions with a totally local closure. Then, to form a complete transition turbulence model, the proposed transition model is coupled with the compressible k-ω shear-stress transport turbulence model. In the end, several sets of well-documented flow cases are chosen to validate the present transition model, and the results are in satisfactory accord with experimental data. Proven by the numerical tests, the present model is capable of predicting well the supersonic/hypersonic transition onset that is dominated by the first and second Mack instability modes and laminar separation mode. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The age hardening response and microstructure characterization of Mg–8Sn–4Al alloys with 0.8 wt% Sc and its combination with 1.0 wt% Ag addition was investigated by Vickers hardness, optical microscope (OM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The Mg–8Sn–4Al–1Ag-0.8Sc alloy obtains a noticeable age hardening response that the hardness value reaches to 80.7 HV (increased by 24.3%) after ageing treatment at 200 °C for 120 h. Microstructural studies reveal that as-cast Mg–8Sn–4Al alloy mainly composed of ɑ-Mg matrix and Mg 2 Sn phase distributed along grains boundaries. With Ag and Sc addition, the average grain size decreased to 70.1 μm from 142.7 μm. The addition of Ag and Sc contributes to the grains refinement. Meanwhile, the block-shaped Al 3 Sc phase with an excellent heat resistance is newly observed in the as-cast, solution treated and peak-aged alloys containing Sc element. After solution treatment, the Mg 2 Sn phase is dissolved into ɑ-Mg matrix. The Mg 2 Sn precipitates are observed in the peak-aged alloys. The orientation relationship of Mg 2 Sn precipitates with ɑ-Mg matrix is mainly detected as (01-1) β ∥(0002) ɑ , (−111) β ∥(11–20) ɑ in the TEM results of peak-aged alloys. It is obviously found that Ag and Sc addition increases the number density of Mg 2 Sn precipitates and decreases the size of Mg 2 Sn precipitates. The strength enhancement of peak-aged Mg–8Sn–4Al–1Ag-0.8Sc alloy is attributed to the grains refinement, second phase strengthening (Al 3 Sc phase), solution strengthening (Al, Ag and Sc) and a noticeable aging precipitation (Mg 2 Sn). The corresponding mechanism is discussed in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A field warming experiment took place over 21 years on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. • Warming increased the erodibility of topsoil but this effect weakened with depth. • Microbial activity and aboveground plant biomass decreased. • There were differences in the erodibility of shrubland and grassland soils. Terrestrial ecosystems are significantly impacted by global warming. To determine the effects of long-term warming on soil structure and erodibility in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (China), a 21-year field warming experiment was conducted, where the soil response to temperature changes was investigated for two vegetation types (shrubland and grassland). The measured parameters included the fractal dimension (D v) of aggregates, mean weight diameter (MWD), geometric mean diameter (GMD), multifractal dimensions of particle size distribution [capacity dimension (D 0), information dimension (D 1), information dimension/capacity dimension ratio (D 1 / D 0), and correlation dimension (D 2)], and soil erodibility value (K). The results show that warming significantly increases the erodibility of the topsoil (0–2 cm). Among them, the larger particles (0.2–2 mm aggregates, sand) decreased, the K factor, D v , and multifractal dimension (D 0) increased, and the MWD and GMD of the soil aggregates decreased. Long-term warming affected the amounts of soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus. Furthermore, warming weakened microbial activity and led to a reduction in the aboveground biomass of plants. With increasing soil depth, the effect of warming on the erodibility of underlying soil (2–12 cm) gradually weakened. Warming exhibited different effects on the erodibility of the shrubland and grassland because of their different soil aggregates and particle size distributions. These results confirm that long-term warming has obvious soil layering effects on different soil depths. Soil properties, plants, and microorganisms respond to warming and have direct or indirect effects on soil erodibility. The results of this study provide important insights into changes in soil structure and erodibility at high altitudes, especially under global warming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics of advanced colorectal cancer which was 30 mm or smaller in diameter. Methods: Retrospective analysis documented 80 patients with small advanced colorectal cancer from May 1985 to May 2002. According to the diameter of tumors, all patients were divided into three groups: Group A (10 mm or less) , Group B (11-20 mm), Group C (21-30 mm). Considering the number of patients in Group A was smaller, we combined Group A with Group B as Group D. Then various cinicopathological characteristics were compared between Group C and Group D. Results: The most common site of small advanced colorectal cancer was sigmoid colon and rectum that accounted for 36. 2% and 35. 0% of all cases. The average diameter of total tumors was 23. 3 mm. Type 2 was the most common macroscopic type (63. 7% ) and the moderate differentiation was seen in 77. 5% of cases. Thirty-eight (47. 5% ) cases had lymph node metastasis. Three (3. 8% ) cases had liver metastasis and three (3. 8% ) cases had peritoneal metastasis. The frequency of lymph node metastasis was found significantly different between Group C and Group D (54. 2% as. 28. 6% , P <0. 05) , as well as between the groups with different depth of invasion (P <0. 05). Curability A resection was performed in 69 (86.2% ) cases. Conclusions: Tumor size and depth of invasion are related to lymph node metastasis in small advanced colorectal cancer. However, the small size of tumor may not always be a reliable parameter for estimating the risk of lymph node metastasis. Small colorectal cancers also do not always mean the early stage. Surgeons should be aware of the features of small advanced colorectal cancers to select ideal management and perform perfect resection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Existing research has suggested a predominantly negative view of dependency-oriented help. In contrast, the current research aims to test the positive function of dependency-oriented help in intimate relationships where interpersonal dependency is valued. We hypothesized that dependency-oriented help-seeking could function in communicating liking and romantic interests and, therefore, can be instrumental in attracting mates. Our hypothesis was confirmed across nine studies ( N = 2,535). For help-seekers, a mate-seeking motivation could positively predict (Study 1) and lead to (Studies 2A-4) dependency-oriented help-seeking behavior tendencies (Studies 1-2B) and actual behavior (Studies 3 and 4). For help-providers, after activating a mating goal, imagining (Studies 5A and 5B) and actually receiving (Study 6) dependency-oriented (vs. autonomy-oriented) help-seeking requests from a potential mate increased help-providers' romantic interests in that mate. Study 7 further showed the function of dependency-oriented help from the perspective of romantic competitors. As such, people in romantic relationships were more likely to see a potential competitor as a mate poacher when this person asked for dependency-oriented help from their partner. Theoretical and practical implications have been discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Paclitaxel (PTX) is a broad-spectrum chemotherapy drug employed in the treatment of a variety of tumors. However, the clinical applications of PTX are limited by its poor water solubility. Adjuvants are widely used to overcome this issue. However, these adjuvants often have side effects and poor biodistribution. The smart drug delivery system is a promising strategy for the improvement of solubility, permeability, and stability of drugs, and can promote sustained controlled release, increasing therapeutic efficacy and reducing side effects. Polymeric prodrugs show great advantages for drug delivery due to their high drug loading and stability. There has been some groundbreaking work in the development of PTX-based stimulus-sensitive polymeric prodrug micelles, which is summarized in this study. We consider these in terms of the four main types of stimulus (pH, reduction, enzyme, and reactive oxygen species (ROS)). The design, synthesis, and biomedical applications of stimulus-responsive polymeric prodrugs of PTX are reviewed, and the current research results and future directions of the field are summarized., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Zhou, Wen, Wang, Lei, Li and Yi.)