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RESUMO O Pantanal é uma das maiores planícies alagáveis do mundo, encontrando-se no centro da América do Sul, representando um importante centro de biodiversidade. No Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil, encontramos a Estrada Parque do Pantanal (EPP), uma área de interesse turístico que corta quatro sub-regiões do Pantanal, apresentando uma variedade de ambientes. Entre as famílias botânicas presentes no Pantanal, encontramos Lentibulariaceae, uma família de plantas carnívoras aquáticas. Nosso objetivo foi realizar a descrição de Lentibulariaceae na Estrada Parque do Pantanal no Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul e compilar as espécies da família presentes no Pantanal. Realizamos expedições e reunimos dados de coletas a partir de banco de dados virtuais e disponíveis na literatura. Na EPP encontramos quatro espécies pertencentes ao gênero Utricularia e listamos para o Pantanal 22 espécies em dois gêneros de Lentibulariaceae, com três novos registros de ocorrência.

RESUMO Este trabalho apresenta uma lista das espécies de Thelypteridaceae que ocorrem no Estado do Maranhão, assim como fornece chave de identificação, descrições e comentários para as espécies da família. Para isso, foram compilados os dados de trabalhos florísticos já publicados para o Estado do Maranhão e novas expedições de campo foram realizadas entre os anos de 2017 e 2023. Foram registradas 15 espécies distribuídas em seis gêneros. Meniscium foi o gênero com maior riqueza, com oito espécies registradas. Dentre estas, Meniscium longifolium Desv. é um novo registro para o Estado do Maranhão.

RESUMO Apresenta-se um estudo taxonômico da subfamília Papilionoideae (Leguminosae) no Parque Ecológico Engenheiro Ávidos, visando contribuir para o conhecimento da diversidade do grupo em remanescentes de Caatinga na Paraíba. Realizou-se expedições de campo, análise de espécimes coletados na área e complementados por materiais depositados em herbários. Como resultados, Papilionoideae está representada na área por 19 espécies e 12 gêneros, sendo Centrosema (DC.) Benth. e Indigofera L. os mais representativos, com três espécies cada. Indigofera guaranitica Hassl. e Luetzelburgia auriculata (Allemão) Ducke são endêmicos da flora brasileira, enquanto Andira inermis (W.Wright) DC. e Indigofera guaranitica são novos registros para a flora da Paraíba. Caracteres como o hábito, indumento, número e forma dos folíolos, tipo de inflorescência, cor da corola, tipo e morfologia dos frutos, foram importantes para identificação e diferenciação dos táxons registrados. Apresenta-se chave de identificação, descrições morfológicas, comentários de distribuição, notas taxonômicas e pranchas fotográficas das espécies ocorrentes na área.

Se describe y nomina una nueva especie de Atelopus del grupo longirostris (sensu Peters 1973) o ignescens (sensu Lynch, 1993:86) de los bosques húmedos orientales del Parque Nacional Natural Cordillera Los Picachos en el Municipio de San Vicente del Caguán. Departamento del Caquetá.

Este artículo pretende brindar una descripción completa de los diferentes tipos de razones respecto al razonamiento teórico y práctico. Se distinguen los siguientes tipos de razones: (1) epistemológicas y prácticas; (2) basadas en la fuente y el contenido; (3) anulables y concluyentes; (4) objetivas y subjetivas; (5) motivadoras, explicativas y de justificación; (6) de primer y de segundo orden; (7) de inclusión y de exclusión; e (8) intrínsecas e instrumentales. Estas distinciones son aplicadas al problema de la explicación de la normativa jurídica.

Los propietarios de los pequeños negocios son heterogéneos y sus diversas características influyen en el enfoque de motivación. El objetivo es brindar soluciones a dos problemas de motivación relacionados con la heterogeneidad: débil política de capacitación para abordar temas específicos en propietarios de pequeños negocios; y segundo, la dificultad para los propietarios de conocer y adaptar a la práctica la motivación. La solución es crear una taxonomía de propietarios-motivadores. Se desarrollar una taxonomía a través del análisis factorial exploratorio (n=386). Los hallazgos presentan una taxonomía de cinco tipos de motivadores en negocios pequeños: progresista, comunicador, flexible, innovador y responsable socialmente, lo que implica mejorar el potencial motivador en los propietarios de pequeños negocios ofreciendo apoyo práctico en sus actividades relacionadas a la motivación

In this study, a new species of Monogenoidea, Cosmetocleithrum amazonensis n. sp., parasitizing the gills of the silurid Auchenipterichthys coracoideus (Eigenmann & Allen, 1942), is documented. Cosmetocleithrum amazonensis n. sp. is distinguished from all other congeners by possessing an elongated, sclerotized, and sinuous male copulatory organ (MCO) with poorly defined spirals, a sclerotized border at the base, and the distal region supported by the accessory piece. The accessory piece is a single, robust, and non-articulated plate with the MCO. This study presents the third record of a Monogenoidea species in an Auchenipteridae (Siluriformes) host from Peru. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With artificial intelligence (AI) and automation embedded in most aspects of life from healthcare to transportation, this article conceptualizes how increasing automation will benefit or inhibit the therapeutic encounter. Five levels of a model are outlined, from the human analogue to the fully autonomous virtual (AI) therapist. The levels are referenced against key elements of the therapeutic encounter known to contribute to an effective therapeutic outcome, from the working alliance, to collaborative elements, to a confidential setting. Losses and gains are discussed through these and other aspects, such as the neurobiological, and the capability to notice what is not there in the process as well as what is, around the client's aim of change or awareness. The objective is not to pit human therapists against non-human systems, but to propose a human-centred framework for the integration of AI into clinical reality, by introducing a taxonomy model of human–machine interaction (HMI), to see how each contributes, and to evaluate areas of risk and harm. Questions are raised around ethics, therapeutic process and crucially the very nature of what it is to be in a therapeutic encounter for a human client together with a human or AI therapist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of SHILAP Revista de Lepidopterologia is the property of Sociedad Hispano-Luso-Americana de Lepidopterologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of SHILAP Revista de Lepidopterologia is the property of Sociedad Hispano-Luso-Americana de Lepidopterologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Architectonics & Architecture / Építés - Építészettudomány is the property of Akademiai Kiado and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The harlequin toads (Bufonidae, Atelopus) from the Cordillera Occidental of Colombia are poorly understood, with several species being known only from few specimens and a single locality. Material from the Yotoco area, Departamento Valle del Cauca, has been addressed in previous studies and was allocated ambiguously to different available names. We here describe the Yotoco Atelopus as a species new to science as it is readily distinguished from all congenerics by a combination of morphological characters (i.e., snout profile, cranial crests, skin texture, pattern and coloration). In addition, we comment on the taxonomy of three Atelopus populations from the Cordillera Occidental and the Cordillera Central of Colombia; two of them we tentatively assign to A. nicefori and A. sonsonensis, respectively. The third one remains of unclear status. The need for further examination of the harlequin toads from the Andes of Colombia in an integrative taxonomic framework is emphasized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This report is a continuation of the work published a decade ago on the status of specimens assigned in the literature and museum records to the megalonychid sloth Eucholoeops from the early--middle Miocene Santa Cruz Formation (- 18 to 15.6 Ma, Santacrucian Age) of Argentine Patagonia. This previous report concluded that several species (i.e., E. latirostris, E. externus, and E. curtus) are junior synonyms of E. ingens, but the authors were unable to analyze several other species and remains assigned to this genus. Here, analysis of these other species and remains suggest that E. fronto and E. lafonei are also junior synonyms of E. ingens. Included in the current report is a specimen recently recovered from the field of E. ingens that preserves, for the first time, an ectotympanic of Eucholoeops. In addition to the mainly cranial skeletal features analyzed here, consideration of postcranial remains indicate that the medial and lateral distal articular condyles of the femur are both contiguous with the patellar trochlea, in contrast to the previously reported condition of a separate lateral articular condyle in E. ingens. The authors further conclude that several features of E. latifrons suggest that this species is indeed distinct from E. ingens and that some specimens assigned in the literature to E. ingens cannot be so assigned with confidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new species of Ancistrus is described from the rio Vacacaí drainage, rio Jacuí basin, laguna dos Patos system, southern Brazil. The new species differs from A. brevipinnis, the common species in the laguna dos Patos system, by having a dark brown to black background body color and dorsal and caudal fins plain dark, without lighter spots or bands. A morphometric and molecular comparison of different populations of A. brevipinnis from the laguna dos Patos system suggests that previously undetected species diversity is present in that basin. The typelocality of A. brevipinnis, originally described as Rio Grande do Sul State, is herein restricted to the rio Camaquã sub-basin of the laguna dos Patos system, and a redescription of A. brevipinnis is provided based on that population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new species of Moenkhausia from the rio Culuene, rio Xingu basin, in Mato Grosso State is described here through genetic and morphological data. This new species differs from all congeners by the following combination of characters: the presence of reddish color on the posterior portion of the body, as well as on the base of anal, adipose, and pelvic fins in live specimens; a conspicuous midlateral dark stripe, which extends from posterior margin of opercle to the middle of caudal-fin rays, becoming wider and more conspicuous from the vertical through the dorsal-fin origin; absence of humeral blotch; absence of blotches on caudalfin lobes; by having the concentration of dark pigments on the anterior margin of the caudal-fin rays; and presence of 2-3 maxillary teeth. A brief discussion about its putative relationships with other congeners is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new species of Corydoras is described from the rio Xingu and rio Tapajós basins, Pará State, Brazil. The new species can be promptly distinguished from its congeners by the combination of the following features: (I) temporal sensory canal at sphenotic with two pores; (II) upper tooth plate of branchial arch with three or four series of teeth; (III) area at the corner of the mouth, ventral to the maxillary barbel, with a small, roughly triangular fleshy flap, not forming an elongated barbel-like structure; (IV) contact between posterior process of the parieto-supraoccipital and nuchal plate; (V) dark stripe transversally crossing the orbit, forming a mask-like blotch; (VI) absence of a distinct color pattern along midline of flank; (VII) dorsolateral body plates only with small, irregular, rounded or vertically elongated dark brown or black blotches; ground color of plates typically dusky but not forming large, conspicuous black patches; and (VIII) absence of a relatively large, conspicuous dark patch on anterior portion of dorsal fin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new species of Inpaichthys is described from a tributary of the rio Canamã, rio Aripuanã basin, Mato Grosso State, Brazil. The new species can be diagnosed from its congeners by the color pattern in life and by morphometric and meristic features. A comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of the Characidae, conducted to assess the generic placement of the new species, revealed that Hasemania nambiquara is also a member of Inpaichthys and thus transferred to this genus. A monophyletic group composed of the three known species of Inpaichthys is hypothesized to be related to Nematobrycon and a clade composed of Carlana, Pseudochalceus, and Rhoadsia, among the taxa herein analyzed. A diagnosis for Inpaichthys and morphometric and meristic data of I. kerri are also presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new species of Brachychalcinus is described from the rio Mapaoni, rio Jari basin, and the coastal rio Araguari, Amapá and Pará states, Brazil. The new species is distinguished from all congeners, except B. reisi, by possessing conspicuous longitudinal dark stripes across the body. It can be diagnosed from B. reisi by having longer predorsal and preanal spines, by having scales with few curved radii, and by having more scale rows between lateral line and midventral scale series. A single specimen from rio Tapajós (Pará, Brazil) bears all the diagnostic features of the new species and is herein tentatively identified as belonging to this taxon, extending its distribution to this river basin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Five species of Bryconamericus are known from the upper rio Paraná basin: 'B.' aff. iheringii, 'B.' coeruleus, B. stramineus, 'B.' turiuba and the non-native B. exodon. The new species can be easily distinguished from them by its body depth (27.8-31.8% SL) and the teeth aligned in the outer row of the premaxilla (except 'B.' aff. iheringii). The new species is distributed in tributaries to the Piquiri, Ivaí and Tibagi rivers, at altitudes between 498 and 900 m a.s.l. The geographic distribution of the new species is similar to the congener 'B.' coeruleus. Other species with similar distribution are Apareiodon vladii and Planaltina kaingang, although they only occur in the Piquiri and Ivaí river basins. Furthermore, this work records the new species with the presence of breeding tubercles. These tubercles are located on the dorsal and lateral portions of the head and on the posterior margin of the scales of mature males; and in females, when present, they are smaller and restricted to the posterior margin of the scales. Comments are made on the presence of breeding tubercles in other groups of fishes, and also on some dimorphic characters present in the new species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The upper rio Paraná basin drains the most developed and environmentally degraded region in South America: the Brazilian southeast. While it is one of the most well-known Neotropical fish assemblages, it is also one of the most threatened by anthropic activity. Urbanization, deforestation, dam construction, invasive species, and water pollution not only reduce the living area of species but also alter our perception of the basin and its biotic elements. Such changes are so profound and pervasive that raise uncertainties about the native or non-native status of several species. This paper aims to offer a detailed picture of the native diversity and historical biogeography of the fishes in the upper rio Paraná basin, which we hope will offer a solid foundation for future conservation policies. We update the list of native species, analyze geographical distributions, and identify biogeographical patterns, emphasizing areas requiring recognition as distinct biotas for conservation efforts. Over the past 15 years, more than 100 additional species have been described or recorded, expanding the total to 341 native species belonging to six orders and 30 families, making it the richest river basin in Brazil outside the Amazonian region. Unlike most neotropical basins where Characidae dominates, loricariids make up nearly one-fourth of the total fish diversity in the region. Species and clades concentrate in the central basin, while endemics are confined to peripheral areas due to the complex biogeographical history shared with neighboring basins. Eighteen distinct biogeographical regions are identified, discussing their composition, histories, and conservation implications. The upper rio Paraná basin has 10% of its fish fauna ranked as endangered and present 128 non-native species, including three hybrids. This places it as the major drainage with the largest number of endangered taxa in the neotropics and at the same time the one with the most numerous non-native elements. Existing protected areas are deemed ineffective in preserving diverse assemblages and fail to safeguard the majority of threatened and narrowly-endemic species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new species of Pimelodella is described from the rio Paraguai basin in Mato Grosso do Sul and Mato Grosso States, Brazil. The new species distinguishes from all other members of the genus based on a unique combination of characteristics, which include: dorsal profile straight from snout to dorsal-fin, maxillary barbel reaching at least the anal-fin terminus when parallel to main body axis, robust dorsal-fin spine bearing small spinules along three-fourths of its posterior margin, 41-42 total vertebrae (rarely 43 or 44), 13-23 large and retrorse blades at the posterior margin of the pectoral-fin spine, and dorsolateral region of body slightly darkened. This study also discusses the ichthyofaunal similarities between the Paraguai and Amazon basins, shedding light on their biogeographic history. Additionally, the research includes considerations about the sexual dimorphism of Pimelodella and provides an identification key for the Pimelodella species found in the Paraguai basin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A checklist of recent and fossil fishes of the Order Characiformes is presented herein and believed to be complete through 2022. A total of 47 collaborators checked and provided information about their taxa of expertise. The list is arranged in alphabetical order by family and then genus and includes all available synonyms. From a total of 3,087 species group names and 527 genus group names, 2,334 species are currently treated as valid, and assigned to 301 genera and 24 families. This total includes 25 species known only from the fossil record, of which 21 are assigned to eight extant families and four are Incertae sedis in Characiformes, but does not include five species based on fossil which were wrongly treated in Characiformes. The status of 79 nominal species remains unresolved. When there are two competing hypotheses about the validity of a name, one of them is chosen and the alternate interpretation is provided in the remark section of that name. Distributional summaries are presented as numbers that correspond to areas for which there is a record of occurrence of the species. A list of unavailable names is provided at the end since some of those names may need additional research to certify their status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The male of Adesmus murutinga Martins & Galileo, 2004 is described for the first time, an updated key to Colombian species of the genus is presented, and three species of longhorned beetles are reported for the first time for Colombia. The specific localities in Colombia of Miriclytus quadrifasciatus (Chevrolat, 1862) and Oedudes spectabilis (Drury, 1782) are reported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A taxonomic treatment of the latiuscula species subgroup of subgenus Pinacodera Schaum, genus Cymindis Latreille with a key to species. Twelve species and two subspecies are treated, eleven (ten species, one subspecies) are described as new. One species, C. punctifera (LeConte), is re-ranked as a subspecies of C. punctifera (sensu lato). Listed alphabetically are the species and subspecies: Cymindis apache, new species (Ramsey Canyon, Cochise County, Huachuca Mountains, Arizona, U.S.A.); C. crenatoverpa, new species (Volcán Ceboruco, Nayarit, México); Cymindis cuyuteca new species (Cuautla, Jalisco, México); C. geminata, new species (Cuernavaca, state of Morelos, México); C. huichilobos, new species (km 117, Oaxaca-Puerto Angel road, state of Oaxaca, México); C latiuscula (Chaudoir) (Dzibilchaltun Archaeological Zone, ca. 16 km north of Mérida, Yucatán, México); C. punctifera punctifera LeConte, new rank (Madera Canyon, Santa Rita Mountains, Pima County, Arizona, U.S.A.); C. punctifera toltec, new subspecies (Mazatlán, Sinaloa, México); C. rugofrons, new species (19.5 km NW Los Volcánes, Jalisco, México); C. tonatiuh, new species (15 km SE Nochixtlán, Oaxaca, México); C. yaqui, new species (Cave Creek Canyon, S. Fork, Chiricahua Mts., Arizona, U.S.A.); C. zacapa new species (12-14 km S. San Lorenzo, Departamento Zacapa, Guatemala); and C. zapotec new species (San Gabriel Mixtepec, Oaxaca, México). Cymindis punctifera (LeConte 1884), a junior synonym of C. cribrata (Chaudoir 1875), is the valid species name because the latter is a junior secondary homonym of Cymindis cribrata LeConte 1859 (= C. pilosa Say 1823). Ecologically, the species of the latiuscula subgroup are geophile or arboreal mesophiles, occupying tropical wet and dry, oak- pine [lowland to montane], and cloud forests, to scrubby desert vegetation, their resting places are under bark or bromeliads. These beetles are active in year-round, principally March to September. They may be found from sea level to 3060 m, with most found below 1800 m. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Trichilia is one of the most diverse genera of the family Meliaceae, currently with five species for the argentine flora, including Trichilia pallens, which is reported for the first time. A morphological description of the species is presented as well as field pictures, its geographic distribution, habitat, phenology, vernacular names, uses, conservation status, diagnostic characters, and the first key for to the species of Trichilia in Argentina. In addition, lectotypes are designated for Trichilia brachythyrsus, T. petiolulata, T. glabriramea, and T. puberulanthera, including nomenclatural notes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chile's distinctive flora, geographical isolation, and complex topography collectively contribute to a notable endemic species diversity, particularly within central regions identified as critical areas for biodiversity conservation. The cactus genus Eriosyce, as currently circumscribed, encompasses seven sections, with Eriosyce sect. Horridocatus presenting a notably complex species group. This study investigates the E. curvispina complex, a member of the Notocacteae tribe common in central Chile, by incorporating new populations and examining phylogenetic relationships using four plastid and one nuclear molecular marker. The phylogenetic analysis of sampled individuals identified nine independent lineages, each warranting recognition at the species rank. Despite minimal morphological differences among taxa, morphological characters were utilized to support and stabilize the DNA-based phylogenetic hypothesis. The results highlight the high taxonomic diversity in these cactus lineages and have implications for the classification of the E. curvispina complex, including new combinations and proposals of conservation status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The genus Burmeistera consists mostly of cloud forest species occurring from Guatemala to Peru. Molecular work on this group has revealed previously established subgeneric groupings to be non-monophyletic, while also identifying several monophyletic groups with recognizable synapomorphies. One such monophyletic group is a clade of species with recurved corolla lobes which contains three species: B. crispiloba, B. sodiroana, and B. succulenta. As many as nine names have been recognized previously for these species, though the most recent taxonomic treatments recognize only these three. Additional collections of these species made in the last forty years have uncovered phenotypic variation showing that characters traditionally used to differentiate them no longer do so clearly and suggest the possibility of introgression between them. Here, we report morphometric analyses of herbarium specimens of the recurved corolla clade, using both hierarchical and normal mixture model-based clustering methods to test the current species hypotheses. Our results support the recognition of the three known species plus the newly described Burmeistera kitrinaima sp. nov. We provide complete descriptions of all four species, and include photographs, distributions maps, taxonomic discussion, and an identification key. El género Burmeistera consiste principalmente de especies de bosques de neblina desde Guatemala hasta Perú. Trabajo molecular en este grupo ha revelado que los grupos subgenéricos previamente establecidos no son monofiléticos, además ha identificado varios grupos monofiléticos con sinapomorfías reconocibles. Uno de estos grupos monofiléticos es un clado de especies con lóbulos de corola recurvados que contiene tres especies: B. crispiloba, B. sodiroana y B. succulenta. Hasta nueve nombres se han reconocido previamente para estas especies, aunque los tratamientos taxonómicos más recientes reconocen únicamente estas tres. Colecciones adicionales de estas especies realizadas en los últimos cuarenta años han descubierto variación fenotípica demonstrando que los caracteres tradicionalmente utilizados para distinguir entre especies ya no lo hacen de manera clara, y sugieren la posibilidad de introgresión entre ellas. Aquí, reportamos análisis morfométricos de especímenes de herbario del clado de corola recurvada, utilizando los métodos de agrupamiento jerárquico y de modelos de mezcla normal para evaluarlas hipótesis actuales de especies. Nuestros resultados respaldan el reconocimiento de las tres especies conocidas, además de una nueva especie recién descrita Burmeistera kitrinaima sp. nov. Describimos las cuatro especies en detalle e incluimos fotografías, ilustraciones, mapas de distribución, discusión taxonómica y una clave de identificación. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oxalis sect. Holophyllum (Oxalidaceae) is a small group of species that is endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest in the states of Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, and Bahia. Species of the section can be recognized by their unifoliolate leaves, one-seeded carpels, and the common presence of dorsiventrally flattened (and sometimes winged) peduncles and/or petioles. Circumscriptions of the currently accepted species needed to be revaluated, as the overlap in several features have blurred limits among morphologically similar taxa. In this study we evaluate the monophyly and phylogenetic relationships among species of O. sect. Holophyllum, and provide an updated taxonomic study of the section, aiming at improving species circumscriptions and facilitating species-level identification. For this task, we analyzed samples from herbaria and carried out fieldwork to observe the plants in loco, collect samples, and gather material for DNA extraction, amplification, and sequencing. Bayesian and maximum likelihood phylogenetic analyses were performed using sequences from three markers: nrITS, and plastid trnL-trnF, and petA-psbJ from 13 of the 17 currently accepted species, which corroborate the monophyly of the section. Among the species of O. sect. Holophyllum, ten are newly described here at species level: O. adpressipila Fiaschi & Bilk (based on O. kuhlmannii Lourteig var. adpressipila Lourteig), O. capixaba Fiaschi & Bilk, O. cornicarpa Fiaschi, O. inopinata Fiaschi & Bilk, O. itamarajuensis Fiaschi & Bilk (based on O. alata Mart. ex Zucc. var. hirta Lourteig), O. leonii Fiaschi & Bilk, O. occulta Fiaschi & Bilk, O. retrorsa Fiaschi & Bilk, O. sciophila Fiaschi & Bilk, and O. septentrionalis Fiaschi & Bilk. Lectotypes are chosen for nine names, and an epitype for O. impatiens Vell. An identification key to all species is provided, as well as descriptions, illustrations, geographic distribution maps, and preliminary conservation statuses following IUCN guidelines. Oxalis sect. Holophyllum (Oxalidaceae) é um pequeno grupo de espécies endêmicas à Mata Atlântica dos estados do Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo e Bahia. Espécies da seção podem ser reconhecidas pelas folhas unifolioladas, carpelos unisseminados, e geralmente pela presença de pedúnculos e/ou pedicelos achatados dorsiventralmente ou, às vezes, alados. As circunscrições das espécies atualmente aceitas precisam ser reavaliadas, já que a sobreposição observada em vários caracteres mascara limites entre táxons morfologicamente similares. Neste estudo nós investigamos o monofiletismo e as relações filogenéticas entre espécies de O. sect. Holophyllum e fornecemos uma atualização taxonômica da seção, com o intuito de aprimorar as circunscrições das espécies e facilitar a sua identificação. Para atingir esses objetivos, nós analisamos amostras de herbários e conduzimos expedições a campo para observar as plantas in loco, coletar amostras e recolher materiais para a extração, amplificação e sequenciamento de DNA. Análises filogenéticas bayesianas e de máxima verossimilhança foram conduzidas a partir de sequências do ITS (nuclear) e do trnL-trnF e petA-psbJ (plastidiais) de 13 das 17 espécies atualmente aceitas, o que corroborou o monofiletismo da seção. Entre as espécies de O. sect. Holophyllum, dez são pela primeira vez descritas em nível específico: O. adpressipila Fiaschi & Bilk (baseada em O. kuhlmannii Lourteig var. adpressipila Lourteig), O. capixaba Fiaschi & Bilk, O. cornicarpa Fiaschi, O. inopinata Fiaschi & Bilk, O. itamarajuensis Fiaschi & Bilk (baseada em O. alata Mart. ex Zucc. var. hirta Lourteig), O. leonii Fiaschi & Bilk, O. occulta Fiaschi & Bilk, O. retrorsa Fiaschi & Bilk, O. sciophila Fiaschi & Bilk e O. septentrionalis Fiaschi & Bilk. Lectótipos são escolhidos para nove nomes e um epítipo para O. impatiens Vell. Uma chave de identificação para todas as espécies é fornecida, bem como descrições, ilustrações, mapas de distribuição geográfica e análises preliminares do status de conservação segundo as normas da IUCN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Molecular divergence thresholds have been proposed to distinguish recently separated evolutive units, often displaying more accurate putative species assignments in taxonomic research compared to traditional morphological approaches. This makes DNA barcoding an attractive identification tool for a variety of marine invertebrates, especially for cryptic species complexes. Although GenBank and the Barcode of Life Data System (BOLD) are the major sequence repositories worldwide, very few have tested their performance in the identification of echinoderm sequences. Objective: We use COI echinoderm sequences from local samples and the molecular identification platforms from GenBank and BOLD, in order to test their accuracy and reliability in the DNA barcoding identification for Central American shallow water echinoderms, at genus and species level. Methods: We conducted sampling, tissue extraction, COI amplification, sequencing, and taxonomic identification for 475 specimens. The 348 obtained sequences were individually enquired with BLAST in GenBank as well as using the Identification System (IDS) in BOLD. Query sequences were classified depending on the best match result. McNemar's chi-squared, Kruskal-Wallis's and Mann-Whitney's U tests were performed to prove differences between the results from both databases. Additionally, we recorded an updated list of species reported for the shallow waters of the Central American Pacific. Results: We found 324 echinoderm species reported for Central American Pacific shallow waters. Only 118 and 110 were present in GenBank and BOLD databases respectively. We proposed 325 solved morphology-based identities and 21 provisional identifications in 50 putative taxa. GenBank retrieved 348 molecular-based identifications in 58 species, including twelve provisional identifications in tree taxa. BOLD recovered 170 COI identifications in 23 species with one provisional identification. Nevertheless, 178 sequences retrieved unmatched terms (in 34 morphology-based taxa). Only 86 sequences (25 %) were retrieved as correct identifications and 128 (37 %) as identification errors in both platforms. We include 84 sequences for eleven species not represented in GenBank and 65 sequences for ten species in BOLD Echinoderm COI databases. The identification accuracy using BLAST (175 correct and 152 incorrect identifications) was greater than with IDS engine (110 correct and 218 identification errors), therefore GenBank outperforms BOLD (Kruskal-Wallis = 41.625, df = 1, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Additional echinoderm sample references are needed to improve the utility of the evaluated DNA barcoding identification tools. Identification discordances in both databases may obey specific parameters used in each search algorithm engine and the available sequences. We recommend the use of barcoding as a complementary identification source for Central American Pacific shallow water echinoderm species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report some brachyuran crabs from the late Miocene of Dar Pahn unit, Makran Province, Iran. The studied specimens have been assigned to Ixoides MacGilchrist, 1905, with I. miocenicus n. sp. (Leucosiidae Samouelle, 1819) and Persianus arcuatus n. gen., n. sp. (Portunidae Rafinesque, 1815). Ixoides miocenicus n. sp. represents the first fossil representative of the genus, enlarging its stratigraphic range to the Miocene. Persianus arcuatus n. gen., n. sp. represents the first report of a portunid crab from the Miocene of Iran. We also report an indeterminate majoid crab, representing the first report for the Majoidea from the Miocene of Iran. Finally, one portunid crab is compared with Persianus n. gen. based on some similar morphological characters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In studies of herbarium specimens and living material, we observed that several species in the genus Azolla Lam. are present in different wetlands of Costa Rica, which instigated the search for applicable names of each taxon. According to a morphological and reproductive review, in addition to the species registered and validated, three species were recognized: Azolla filiculoides Lam., A. imbricata (Roxb. ex Griff.) Nakai and A. pinnata R. Br. The first species is the only native species from America, the second is from Asia, and the third is from Africa and Australia. The use of Azolla for fertilizing rice fields and animal feed has led to the introduction of species such as A. imbricata and A. pinnata to countries such as the United States, Colombia, and Ecuador. After their introduction, it is likely that aquatic and migratory birds were responsible for the spread of these species to other countries such as Costa Rica. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Class II malocclusion is one of the anomalies that affect facial aesthetics, which is why it is one of the most frequent in the Orthodontic Consultation. Objective: to design an integrated classification for patients with Class II malocclusion that allows efficient diagnosis and treatment. Methods: a descriptive cross-sectional investigation with a mixed approach was carried out in the Department of Clinical Sciences of the Faculty of Stomatology of the University of Medical Sciences of Villa Clara in the period between 2020 and 2023. We worked with a sample not probabilistic that was made up of seven experts to whom three surveys were administered. The number of experts was determined using criteria based on the binomial probability distribution. The competence of the experts was determined by the competence coefficient, which was calculated according to the expert's opinion about his level of knowledge about the problem and with the sources that allowed him to argue his criteria. Results: the reviewed documentation provided valuable information and the specialists issued different criteria on the classification and diagnosis of Class II malocclusion. The experts established the invariable elements for their classification. Conclusions: the classification of malocclusion was carried out based on a diagnostic taxonomy that included invariable elements in order to achieve more comprehensive and efficient attention to malocclusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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RESUMO Plantas com capacidade de submersão contínua ou periódica, pelo menos do sistema radicular, são consideradas aquáticas ou palustres. Parte dessas plantas pertence a Solanaceae, uma família de distribuição cosmopolita, com aproximadamente 97 gêneros e 2700 espécies, das quais, uma minoria encontra-se em ambientes sazonalmente inundados. Este trabalho objetivou realizar um levantamento e apresentar um tratamento taxonômico de espécies de Solanaceae ocorrentes em ambientes aquáticos e palustres no Recôncavo da Bahia. O material botânico foi coletado entre 2009 e 2023. Foram registradas 14 espécies distribuídas em cinco gêneros. São fornecidos ilustrações e comentários sobre as características diagnósticas, bem como mapa de distribuição na área de estudo. Solanum, o gênero mais diverso da família, é o mais representativo na área de estudo. Os dados obtidos até o momento, são muito importantes para elaborar estratégias de conservação destes ambientes e contribuir para a taxonomia dos grupos presentes nesses ecossistemas de água doce.

RESUMO Visando conhecer a diversidade taxonômica associada às Krameriaceae, este trabalho compreende o levantamento desta família para o Estado da Paraíba, Brasil, apresentando o panorama sobre a diversidade e distribuição de suas espécies. Na área de estudo, a família encontra-se representada por duas espécies: Krameria grandiflora A.St.-Hil. e K. tomentosa A.St.-Hil. São apresentadas chave de identificação, descrições morfológicas, dados de distribuição geográfica, floração e frutificação, imagens, estampas em nanquim e comentários sobre as afinidades taxonômicas das espécies.

RESUMO Anthurium Schott é o gênero mais rico em espécies da família Araceae Juss. com 154 espécies no Brasil, sendo 123 endêmicas, das quais 45 espécies ocorrem no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, sendo 43 endêmicas do país. Na Mata Atlântica fluminense, há uma lacuna de estudos na região Metropolitana, pois os existentes focam apenas em áreas das regiões serranas e litorâneas. Assim, o objetivo foi inventariar as espécies de Anthurium ocorrentes na Serra da Tiririca. Foi feita chave de identificação e descrição das espécies, fornecendo dados fenológicos e de distribuição. Foram inventariadas 11 espécies, ou seja, cerca de 25% das espécies ocorrentes no Rio de Janeiro. Dessas, duas são endêmicas do Estado e nove do Brasil. Duas espécies são ameaçadas de extinção: A. luschnathianum (EN) e A. lucidum (CR). Os resultados evidenciam os principais pontos que devem ser conservados nessa Unidade de Conservação, controlando a visitação e impedindo a abertura de trilhas na matriz florestal.

Este estudo objetivou contribuir para o conhecimento taxonômico de Sloanea (Elaeocarpaceae) na Região Metropolitana de Belém, no estado do Pará, Amazônia Brasileira. Foram registradas oito espécies de Sloanea: S. floribunda, S. grandiflora, S. granulosa, S. guianensis, S. nitida, S. porphyrocarpa, S. sinemariensis e S. terniflora. São fornecidas chave de identificação, descrições morfológicas, informações sobre distribuição geográfica e comentários taxonômicos das espécies tratadas.

O presente trabalho objetivou realizar o levantamento taxonômico dos representantes de Rubiaceae para a Fazenda Experimental da Universidade Estadual Vale do Acaraú (FAEX-UVA), em Massapê, Ceará. A partir de observações de campo e análise de materiais de herbário, 10 espécies foram registradas: Borreria brownii (Rusby) Standl, B. scabiosoides Cham. & Schltdl, B. spinosa Cham. & Schltdl, Hexasepalum apiculatum (Willd.) Delprete & J.H.Kirkbr., Machaonia acuminata Bonpl., Oldenlandia corymbosa L., Pentodon pentandrus (Schumach. & Thonn.) Vatke, Oesterr., Randia armata (Sw.) DC., Richardia scabra L. e Tocoyena formosa (Cham. & Schtdl.) K. Schum. São apresentadas aqui uma chave de identificação, descrições, fotografias e dados de distribuição geográfica e hábitat.

O gênero Dipteryx Schreb. (Papilionoideae) conhecido principalmente como cumaru, compreende espécies de árvores economicamente importantes que têm chamado a atenção de vários países. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a morfologia polínica das espécies do gênero Dipteryx ocorrentes no Brasil visando corroborar com a classificação e circunscrição das espécies do gênero. O material polínico das espécies foi retirado de exsicatas depositadas no herbário do Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA). Os grãos de pólen foram tratados por meio de acetólise, mensurados, descritos quanto ao tamanho, âmbito, forma e ornamentação e posteriormente, fotomicrografados. Constatou-se que os grãos de pólen são mônades, tamanho variando de médios à grandes, isopolares, com forma suboblata a prolata-esferoidal, âmbito subtriangular a triangular, 3-colporados, exina microrreticulada a reticulada. As espécies de Dipteryx apresentaram grãos de pólen com pequenas variações morfológicas, especialmente quanto à ornamentação da exina. Assim, a morfologia polínica do gênero, poderá subsidiar futuros trabalhos nas diversas áreas da Palinologia.

O reconhecimento de novas situações lesivas passíveis de reparação culmina na ampliação do espectro de abrangência da reponsabilidade civil. Em razão da incorporação de inéditos tipos de danos, doutrinariamente propõe-se o rearranjo da taxonomia das lesões não patrimoniais. Desta feita, propõe-se investigar a pertinência da readequação da classificação dos danos em virtude da identificação de novos interesses merecedores de tutela. Historicamente, a origem dos chamados novos danos decorre da aplicação da teoria dos efeitos da lesão, a qual distingue a lesão (dano-evento), enquanto violação de um interesse juridicamente tutelado, do dano (dano-consequência), como repercussão concreta daquela na vítima. Utilizando-se de pesquisa teórico-bibliográfica e método dedutivo, identifica-se a impropriedade de se readequar a taxonomia das lesões não patrimoniais em razão da proteção de novos interesses juridicamente relevantes, haja vista que o fator determinante da tipologia do dano não é o bem jurídico tutelado, mas o prejuízo concretamente experimentado pelo ofendido. Portanto, mostra-se dogmaticamente inadequado e historicamente incoerente alterar a classificação das lesões de natureza extrapatrimoniais em virtude do reconhecimento da proteção de novos interesses juridicamente relevantes, pois o critério distintivo do tipo de dano funda-se no prejuízo concretamente sofrido e não no bem jurídico violado.