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Copyright of Semestre Económico is the property of Sello Editorial de la Universidad de Medellin and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the sustainable economy, consumer preferences are gradually beginning to prioritize environmentally friendly products and services. A sustainable economy is directly linked to the growth of consumer welfare and the environmental culture. The success of environmental projects is largely determined by approaches to the management of complex interconnected objects, which operate in developed industrial regions. In this regard, we formulate the purpose of this study, which is to generalize approaches to and to improve the mechanisms of the ecological branding of the industrial complex of a region through conscious ESG transformation. For this purpose, we have studied the statistics and principles of the management systems of Kazakhstani companies and their stakeholders. The focus was on the Pavlodar industrial region, where metallurgical production, petrochemicals, the agro-industrial sector, the banking sector, and logistics hubs are developed. The vision and the mechanisms that can influence the development of the export potential of products with an "ecological brand" were studied. A survey of export-oriented organizations helped to identify the behavioral attributes of the "new generation eco-consumer", namely, a conscious desire to reduce the negative impact of production and economic activities on the environment. The theoretical significance of this study helps to reveal the influence of the ecological principles of the organization of modern production on the speed of transition to green technologies. Its practical significance is seen in the formation of a system for measuring the level of readiness of companies to promote the ecological branding of a region's industry outside its country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article shows the role that digital intelligence has on renewable energy, based on literature underpinnings. Therefore, the methodological research is based on literature review to demonstrate the link between artificial intelligence and renewable energy, with a focus on global sustainable development strategies in this field. The main findings reveal the fact that we must take advantage of the opportunities offered by artificial intelligence on energy, in general, and renewable energy, in particular. Referring to literature, it is constantly expanding due to the importance of the development of renewable energy for researchers but also for the population, being many parties interested in this field. The aim of the study is to highlight the relationship between renewable energy and artificial intelligence. Therefore, with the help of artificial intelligence and energy innovations, the population enjoys renewable energy that exists in its many forms (solar panels or photovoltaic panels, water, or wind energy and so on). To put in a nutshell, the research considered in this article reflects the impact of artificial intelligence on renewable energy as part of supporting the achievement of sustainable economic development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sustainable-forage production is globally increasing, especially in marginal areas where the edaphic conditions for plant growth are not optimal. Soil salinization influences the symbiotic interaction between alfalfa and rhizobia. The efficiency of different symbiotic pairs (Sinorhizobium meliloti—Medicago sativa) was evaluated in relation to NaCl application (100 mM) on two different alfalfa cultivars (Marina and Etrusca) and 21 S. meliloti strains isolated in Algeria. At 100 mM NaCl, it was observed that there was a higher variability of plant dry weight compared to the control. The strains able to improve plant growth at 100 mM NaCl were different and specific for each alfalfa cultivar, highlighting that (symbiont) G × (host) G interaction is magnified under stressed (saline) conditions (E). Three strains were then identified as candidate inoculants for M. sativa cv Marina and used for an in-field experiment with induced stress (no irrigation), together with S. meliloti GR4 (a highly competitive strain). In-field experiments, showed a high variability, and a significant difference of plant biomass was observed only for those inoculated with S. meliloti GR4. Obtained results suggest that multiple traits should be considered for inoculant-strain selection, and for an efficient translation from lab to field, it requires extensive comprehension of the mechanisms driving G × G × E interaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In today's rapidly evolving world, environmental sustainability and waste management pose significant challenges. Consumer habits in many countries often lead individuals to behave irrationally, exploiting resources selfishly and egocentrically, disregarding the environmental damage caused by such actions. While many developed countries actively seek creative solutions to enhance public awareness of waste reduction, recycling, and reuse, numerous less developed countries, including the Republic of North Macedonia, are at the early stages of transitioning toward a green economy. Initial efforts are underway to shift awareness and foster sustainable waste behavior among both individuals and legal entities. This paper aims to explore the citizens' waste behavior and challenges in the Pelagonia Region in the Republic of North Macedonia, with the goal of promoting the adoption of eco-friendly solutions, such as Reverse Vending Machines (RVM). The study also seeks to enhance awareness and promote waste management behavior through the research process and communication with the citizens. A survey was conducted, collecting data from 842 citizens in the Pelagonia region to gain insights into their perspectives. Statistical analysis of the collected data in the SPSS software package indicates that citizens' waste sorting practices are influenced by their age and employment status. However, the citizens' information for reverse vending machines and their use does not depend on this cluster affiliation. The analyses confirm that in the Republic of North Macedonia as a developing country, efforts are still needed to raise awareness and enhance education regarding eco-sustainable practices and behaviors among the population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Dilemas Contemporáneos: Educación, Política y Valores is the property of Dilemas Contemporaneos: Educacion, Politica y Valores and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The research aims to investigate the theoretical background concerning the influence of green credit on sustainable economy in emerging countries such as Vietnam. Using the desk research methodology, the content focuses on researching the overview of the concept and the causes of the development of green finance in general, green credit in particular, the context of sustainable economic development in each country, each continent, and find out the significance of green credit in achieving sustainable goals in economic development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mining is one of the technology processes which significantly affect the environment. Contemporary science is often focused on renewable resources, but non renewable resources and their mining are also present and deserve more intense research, due to its complex role in the economy. On the other point of view, non renewable resources as mining products are necessary to maintain and improve the life quality level. This conflict is not sustainable in long term perspective. From the aspect of sustainable development the primary task is to ensure the development right for future generations. It means that intensive level of interdisciplinary research is necessary to provide initial conditions (available reserve of ore) and utilization dynamic of mineral resources. This paper analyzes some aspects of correlation between sustainable development and mining. Mathematical model that describes the mentioned ideas is developed in this manuscript, including the conflict of economic goals, principles of environmental protection and sustainable development.

In this digital era, digital service trade has brought significant benefits to the global economy. However, this trade also poses considerable challenges to international trade regulations. This study aims to analyze the impact of cross-border digital service trade on the economic growth of importing countries while determining how digital trade barriers moderate this effect. We established a theoretical model that meticulously delineates various restrictive regulatory measures that can hinder digital service inputs. We further developed a comprehensive and detailed trade barrier index based on these measures. A three-dimensional fixed effects panel regression model was used to analyze data from six types of digital services in 48 economies from 2005 to 2021. The findings indicated that cross-border digital service inputs enhance importing countries' economic growth, highlighting the substantial economic value of these inputs. However, trade barriers in digital services were also found to diminish this positive effect. Specifically, an increase in the digital service trade barriers in importing countries constricts the range and quality of selectable digital services, which might adversely impact national economic growth. The inhibitory effect is stronger for countries with a "Limited Model" for personal data transfers and processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a contemporary sustainable economy, innovation is a prerequisite to recycling waste into new efficient materials designed to minimize pollution and conserve non-renewable natural resources. Using an innovative approach to remediating metal-polluted water, in this study, eggshell waste was used to prepare two new low-cost nanoadsorbents for the retrieval of nickel from aqueous solutions. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results show that in the first eggshell–zeolite (EZ) adsorbent, the zeolite nanoparticles were loaded in the eggshell pores. The preparation for the second (iron(III) oxide-hydroxide)–eggshell–zeolite (FEZ) nanoadsorbent led to double functionalization of the eggshell base with the zeolite nanoparticles, upon simultaneous loading of the pores of the eggshell and zeolite surface with FeOOH particles. Structural modification of the eggshell led to a significant increase in the specific surface, as confirmed using BET analysis. These features enabled the composite EZ and FEZ to remove nickel from aqueous solutions with high performance and adsorption capacities of 321.1 mg/g and 287.9 mg/g, respectively. The results indicate that nickel adsorption on EZ and FEZ is a multimolecular layer, spontaneous, and endothermic process. Concomitantly, the desorption results reflect the high reusability of these two nanomaterials, collectively suggesting the use of waste in the design of new, low-cost, and highly efficient composite nanoadsorbents for environmental bioremediation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the potential of digital finance to mitigate the environmental impact of economic development. Utilizing panel data from 290 Chinese cities between 2011 and 2019, we employ a two-way fixed effects model to control for unobservable city characteristics and time-invariant macro factors. Our findings reveal that cities with higher proportions of value-added tax and secondary industries (mainly for manufacturing) tend to experience increased air pollution. Conversely, cities characterized by higher economic efficiency exhibit better air quality, underscoring the significance of prioritizing technology-intensive sectors during economic development. Pollution control technologies, such as centralized wastewater treatment systems and harmless treatment systems for household waste, also play positive roles. Moreover, technological and educational investments correlate with increased urban green coverage and lower air pollution, highlighting the pivotal role of technology development and residents' literacy in fostering sustainable practices. Although we initially observed a positive association between the index of digital financial technology and air pollution, which could be attributed to the influence of economic growth, our study employs instrumental variable regression to unveil their true correlation. The results suggest the application of digital financial technology may enhance environmental awareness, contributing to the mitigation of air pollution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Muslim-majority countries, sustainable economic growth is intricately linked to the halal industry sector, which is supposed to operate in accordance with what is permissible in Islamic law. he present halal industry is the limited understanding of Islamic law. Additionally, Islamic business ethics practices are essential in effective halal industry management because they comprise ethical values, morality, decency, and commendable morals that can support the sustainable development of the halal sector within the economy. This study examines the intersection of Islamic law in business ethics, with the anticipation of promoting the substantial growth of the halal industry. To achieve this, the study employs the literature review method, assisted by the Publish or Perish software and Vosviewer bibliometric analysis. A literature review was conducted to synthesise research findings by presenting the perspectives of Islamic law scholars, substantiated by evidence from various previous studies. The findings of this research reveal that, to achieve a sustainable economy, the establishment of business ethics within the domain of the halal industry must be built based on the five fundamental pillars of Islamic law, the seven principles of muamalah (dealings) pertaining to transactions and activities involving goods and benefits in Islam, such as buying and selling, renting, debts and borrowings, farming, associations, and other commercial dealings, and the five principles of Islamic business ethics. The findings of this research are expected to serve as collective evidence within the realm of Islamic law studies pertaining to the halal industry and its role in fostering a sustainable economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The article aims to examine how accountants assess the effects of deregulation in the accounting profession in Poland. Our study also included accountants' expectations regarding the regulation of the accounting profession in the future. Research Design & Methods: The article presents an analysis and assessment of deregulation's impact on the quality of accounting services, the prestige of the profession, and business security, which, in our opinion, are the indicators of the sustainable development of the accounting profession. The data source was the responses of 3307 respondents in a survey conducted by the Accountants Association in Poland. Findings: Accountants with higher, documented qualifications see more negative consequences of deregulation than accountants without such qualifications. However, a similar relationship was not observed when analysing the age, position, or size of the company with which the accountant was associated. Implications & Recommendations: The research results indicated disruptions in the functioning of the main pillars of sustainable development of the accounting profession and the need to introduce changes in the regulatory sphere of this profession, including the partial re-introduction of the professional certification. Contribution & Value Added: Our study contributes to enhancing the knowledge regarding the consequences of introducing deregulation in the accounting profession in Poland from the perspective of a sustainable economy. The results of our study are the starting point for the next research stage concerning the impact of international conditions in the accounting profession on economic development in other countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the important instruments of the industrial and infrastructural policy of the state is the formation of a national system of innovation clusters. Sustainable development can be achieved by creating network structures based on a cluster approach, as such associations include enterprises, research institutions, research centres, government agencies, and financial and consulting structures. The article aims to determine the relationship between the level of cluster development and the level of sustainable growth to formulate recommendations for policies to increase the competitiveness of European economies. This study used a linear correlation between the State of cluster development and the SDG Index, taken from two reports: The Global Competitiveness Report 2019 and Sustainable Development Report 2019. The results of the study confirmed a significant relationship between factors and outcome. Thus, the research hypothesis was proved, which was that there is a high positive correlation between cluster development and sustainable national growth; EU countries with well-developed clusters are countries with high sustainable development and vice versa.

The purpose of this article is to draw attention to the importance that must be given to the introduction in the financial statements of economic entities of non-financial information related to the sustainable development of the economy by means of a system for reporting the status of the implementation of environmental standards. Because lately the most serious problem facing humanity is the effects of climate change produced by environmental pollution, I believe that environmental standards must be implemented in every organization. A society that respects itself, also respects the environment and must contribute to removing the effects that affect it. The results of the study indicate that the companies that have implemented environmental standards are in a small percentage of less than 30%, which urgently requires the introduction of mandatory environmental standards into the national legislation and their reporting in the financial statements depending on the impact of the activity carried out of society on the environment.

Whilst there is a growing body of evidence relating to the environmental capabilities, eco innovation, sustainable supply chains and green skills of individual SMEs (small and medium-sized enterprises), much less attention has been paid to networked approaches to pro-environmental and sustainable SME support. The empirical studies that do exist mostly take a firm-centric approach. This study takes a network centric view to describe hitherto under-explored features of network functionality based on case analysis of a single business support network in the East Midlands of the UK. The resulting conceptual framework offers an analytical tool that can be used to study network functionality in the service of pro-environmental SME development more widely. Empirical data for this case analysis of a regional 'low carbon' business network is drawn from interviews with 25 stakeholders, analysis of programme level data and documentation, 'insider' observation of network activity and evidence from both independent and internal evaluations. The study charts key aspects of network provision and its impact upon SMEs and wider stakeholders. The paper then presents a conceptual model of pro-environmental business networking that identifies key internal features of network activity as well as various external drivers of multi-stakeholder engagement in the shift to a more sustainable local economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The financial services industry plays a critical role in the transition to a sustainable economy. Financial institutions can allocate resources to more environmentally friendly endeavors, manage long-term sustainability risks, and provide financing for sustainable projects. One way that financial institutions can support the transition to a sustainable economy is by allocating capital to more environmentally friendly investments. This could include investing in renewable energy, sustainable agriculture, and green buildings. Financial institutions can also help to manage long-term sustainability risks by developing and implementing climate risk management frameworks. This will help to protect investors and financial markets from the potential financial impacts of climate change. Finally, financial institutions can provide financing for sustainable projects through a variety of mechanisms, such as green bonds and sustainable loans. This financing can help to accelerate the deployment of clean technologies and other sustainable solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to assess Sustainable Economy (SE) features and validate them by using sustainability experts residing in Qatar to suggest an expanded and improved definition of SE. Fifteen features of SE have been identified via a comparative literature review and validated by sustainability experts in Qatar. The study significantly strengthens and validates the features of SE and provides analysis of some of these features by the authors. The paper suggests that SE should be defined as "a value-based, dynamic, and balanced economic system that meets the needs of all living species today while remaining within ecological and social boundaries, without compromising the system's capacity to meet all future needs of all living species". This is the only paper that uses Qatari experts to research SE features. The limitation of the research is the inclusion of a small sample size of experts within Qatar due to the limited number of experts in the field of sustainability and their willingness to participate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Saudi Arabia witnessed unprecedented urban development starting from the 1930s due to oil discovery, leading to the construction of new contemporary cities and high-tech buildings. Recently, starting from the late 1990s, an increasing feeling of esteem toward vernacular architecture and local traditions has promoted several heritage rehabilitation projects. This paper aims to assess selected urban heritage interventions to highlight the importance of sustainable approaches in heritage reuse. An assessment of sustainable reuse was conducted by adopting sustainability criteria and principles in compliance with Saudi Arabia's national vision for 2030 (Saudi Vision 2030), which targets sustainable growth in the post-oil era. Analyses and data collection make it possible to compare four selected case studies based on materials and techniques for preservation, governmental institutions involved, the assessed methodologies of intervention, and relevant parameters (legibility, reversibility, overshadowing, alteration, replacement, and anastylosis). Results show how different institutions have adopted diverse approaches in conservative methodologies based on heritage values to provide flexibility in the reuse of buildings and adaptation to contemporary needs. Assessing the sustainable reuses of Saudi heritage can lead to a strategic change in national growth targeting social, economic, environmental, and ecologic results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mining is one of the technology processes which significantly affect the environment. Contemporary science is often focused on renewable resources, but non renewable resources and their mining are also present and deserve more intense research, due to its complex role in the economy. On the other point of view, non renewable resources as mining products are necessary to maintain and improve the life quality level. This conflict is not sustainable in long term perspective. From the aspect of sustainable development the primary task is to ensure the development right for future generations. It means that intensive level of interdisciplinary research is necessary to provide initial conditions (available reserve of ore) and utilization dynamic of mineral resources. This paper analyzes some aspects of correlation between sustainable development and mining. Mathematical model that describes the mentioned ideas is developed in this manuscript, including the conflict of economic goals, principles of environmental protection and sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The article aims to examine how accountants assess the effects of deregulation in the accounting profession in Poland. Our study also included accountants’ expectations regarding the regulation of the accounting profession in the future. Research Design & Methods: The article presents an analysis and assessment of deregulation’s impact on the quality of accounting services, the prestige of the profession, and business security, which, in our opinion, are the indicators of the sustainable development of the accounting profession. The data source was the responses of 3307 respondents in a survey conducted by the Accountants Association in Poland. Findings: Accountants with higher, documented qualifications see more negative consequences of deregulation than accountants without such qualifications. However, a similar relationship was not observed when analysing the age, position, or size of the company with which the accountant was associated. Implications & Recommendations: The research results indicated disruptions in the functioning of the main pillars of sustainable development of the accounting profession and the need to introduce changes in the regulatory sphere of this profession, including the partial re-introduction of the professional certification. Contribution & Value Added: Our study contributes to enhancing the knowledge regarding the consequences of introducing deregulation in the accounting profession in Poland from the perspective of a sustainable economy. The results of our study are the starting point for the next research stage concerning the impact of international conditions in the accounting profession on economic development in other countries.

Purpose: the purpose of the study is to determine the specifics of the impact of companies’statements about their perceived environmental actions on their stock prices on the developed and developing stock exchanges. The contradictory findings on the impact of corporate environmental announcements on stock prices and the low level of green production, especially in developing countries, make this research work relevant.Methods: the research methodology is based on event analysis and the examination of the impact of some environmental announcements on the quotations of both developed and developing stock exchanges.Results: the environmental approach to business operations, as compared to traditional operations, often requires additional financial resources, and many companies refuse to go green. This paper examines whether the market value of a company increases after the growth of its environmental orientation and whether this can be used as additional motivation for companies to carry out environmental activities. The work has shown that greening in a developed market is primarily driven by government policy, while in an developing market – by the desire to enter international product and capital markets, and that the directions of greening reflect global rather than national priorities. In the developed market, the impact of environmental announcements is observed only in isolated cases and can be both positive and negative. In the developing market, the significance of announcements is higher, and they lead to a short-term decline in exchange prices.Сonclusions and Relevance: it is concluded that it is seen necessary to improve markets’ regulatory and information space and to harmonize the interests of all participants to address environmental issues. The results will be of interest to investors, corporate managers, territorial governments, as well as specialists in green economy and behavioral finance.

As the recent COVID-19 pandemic has clearly demonstrated, appropriate state support policies are crucial for supporting industrial supply chains during crises to prevent viable businesses from defaulting. In this context, this study proposes a hybrid credit risk model to appropriately size public interventions for viable (worthy) businesses through systematic risk assessment during a period of turmoil. This study discusses the effects of the credit crunch-based economic downturn and proposes a methodology to assist policymakers in managing limited public resources to effectively support industrial supply chains. The proposed approach initially focuses on the dynamics of credit risk during economic recession periods, identifying the conditions that may justify a public intervention strategy based on public guarantees. Subsequently, a hybrid credit risk model is developed to appropriately size public interventions by quantifying systematic risk. Finally, a numerical application is presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

The approach of studying the perceptions of Romanian farmers regarding the bioeconomy brings an element of novelty, and the study intends to add value to works in the field. The literature regarding the attitudes of farmers towards the adoption of new bioeconomic practices is quite limited at the European level and even more so in Romania. However, Romania's agricultural potential is recognized nationally and internationally. This article aimed to explore the attitudes of Romanian farmers towards the bioeconomy and to take a step forward in determining a set of scientific actions necessary for the initiation of a national strategy dedicated to the bioeconomy. The quantitative research presented is based on a comprehensive survey. The analysis revealed the role of the bioeconomy in agricultural activities and the expectations of respondents in relation to the main aspects addressed by the concept of bioeconomy. The findings pointed out the contribution of Romanian public institutions in explaining and promoting this complex phenomenon to agricultural workers. The results led to three main conclusions: (i) farmers' attitudes towards the bioeconomy are generally positive, although their knowledge is limited; (ii) public authorities are not sufficiently involved in supporting and promoting the bioeconomy; (iii) the bioeconomy is underfinanced at the national level. The findings draw attention to a great investment potential in the agricultural field that could foster job creation and regional development in Romania. A closer collaboration between researchers, decision-makers, local authorities, and farmers as well as the expansion of technological research are the conditions needed for the development of the bioeconomy in the agriculture of Romania. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a comprehensive and comparative investigation into the needs, challenges, and potential roles for entrepreneurship in transforming resource-rich countries into sustainable economies. It explores the role of entrepreneurship to help transition from a resource-based economy, mainly through increasing the number of entrepreneurs and enhancing private-enterprise-led and small and medium enterprises to achieve economic diversification. This study focuses on the case of Qatar, considering its current policies, mechanisms, and institutes, and how they are working together to help diversify the economy and ultimately transition from its current resource-based economy. It begins with a comprehensive review of the literature, including a discussion of the significance of economic diversification globally and examining the role of government and other actors in developing entrepreneurship and the private sector. The methodology and conditions are set out, followed by the findings of the qualitative interview study with key and representative stakeholders within the existing entrepreneurship arena, such as entrepreneurs (successful or failed), those wanting to be entrepreneurs, policymakers, investors, and supporting agencies. The interviews are thematically analyzed to identify apparent challenges, their root causes, and initial recommendations. Three barriers in the entrepreneurship ecosystem in Qatar are identified: (1) lack of a conducive and transparent legal, regulatory, and governance environment, (2) lack of access to risk-based financing for entrepreneurs, and (3) lack of locally relevant entrepreneurial mentorship and guidance. Finally, the authors used the literature review and interview results to develop a progressive, locally tailored, dynamic preliminary framework for Qatar, and similar countries, to increase the number of entrepreneurs and small businesses to achieve economic growth and diversification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseño y Comunicación is the property of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseno y Comunicacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In today's global economy and across various types of organizations, human capital is a fundamental resource that determines their existence and development. This is particularly important in the context of ongoing climate-technological transformation processes based on innovative solutions. The role and importance of personal resources are well understood in the EU-27 countries, which base their future on competent human capital. This paper addresses this critical and timely topic by assessing human capital in the EU-27 countries over the period 2013–2022. The research aims to evaluate these countries' human capital potential, distinguishing between the "new EU-13" and the "old EU-14" countries, and to measure the effectiveness of its development during the study period. A crucial part of the research was to determine the impact of human capital on selected indicators of economic growth, innovation, and sustainable development. To achieve these objectives, an original research methodology was developed, employing the COPRAS method to determine the human capital assessment index and the equal weights and CRITIC methods to establish the weights of indicators characterizing the studied human capital. The impact assessment of this capital, along with innovation and unemployment on economic growth, was conducted using an econometric model. Meanwhile, correlations between the human capital assessment index and the indicators characterizing innovation, economic growth, and sustainability were analyzed using Spearman's non-parametric tests. The results show significant variation in human capital between the EU-27 countries and between the "old EU-14" and "new EU-13" groups. The Netherlands, Denmark, and Sweden achieved the best results in terms of human capital development, while Greece, Romania, and Bulgaria had the weakest outcomes. In contrast, Cyprus, Malta, and Portugal recorded the greatest progress during the review period. These results offer extensive opportunities for multidimensional inference and can be used to assess the current state of the EU-27 economy. They should also inform the development of strategies for individual countries and the EU-27 as a whole. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourism is one of the most affected industries by the COVID-19 pandemic. Globally, in less than 6 months after the outbreak of the epidemic, this sector experienced a decline of up to 74%--as it set back to 1990s. However, many tourism-related studies include the keyword or even the title 'post-pandemic' which implies a nuance of optimism for the tourism sector. Using a systematic literature review (SLR), this article explores studies that include keywords and topics 'post-pandemic' in global and Indonesian contexts. Three main points were found: First, there is a global fact that local scale tourism is more sustainable than regional and international tourism. Second, behind the losses due to the decline in income during the pandemic, there is a hidden benefit in the form of restoring natural resources that have been damaged by tourism activities. Third, the emergence of a more systematic mapping of tourist preferences in determining tourist destinations and activities, which is more oriented towards safety, health, and strengthening social relationships with family and colleagues rather than excitement and offering lower cost discounts. The article also found that most post-pandemic tourism recommendations tend to be non-operational due to their failure to provide an operational definition of what the meaning of 'post-pandemic'. Pariwisata merupakan salah satu industri yang paling terdampak akibat pandemi Covid-19. Secara global, dalam waktu kurang dari 6 bulan setelah mewabahnya epidemi, sektor ini mengalami penurunan hingga 74%--kembali ke volume tahun 1990. Namun, banyak penelitian terkait pariwisata memasukkan kata kunci atau bahkan judul 'pasca pandemi' yang menyiratkan nuansa optimisme terhadap sektor ini untuk bangkit. Dengan menggunakan sistematika literature review (SLR), artikel ini mengeksplorasi kajian yang memasukkan kata kunci dan topik 'pasca-pandemi' dalam konteks global dan Indonesia. Tiga poin utama ditemukan: Pertama, adanya fakta global bahwa pariwisata skala lokal lebih berkelanjutan daripada pariwisata regional dan internasional. Kedua, di balik kerugian akibat penurunan pendapatan selama pandemi, terdapat keuntungan tersembunyi berupa pemulihan sumber daya alam yang telah rusak akibat kegiatan pariwisata. Ketiga, munculnya pemetaan preferensi wisatawan yang lebih sistematis dalam menentukan destinasi dan kegiatan wisata, yang lebih berorientasi pada keselamatan, kesehatan, dan penguatan hubungan sosial dengan keluarga dan rekan kerja daripada kegembiraan dan penawaran diskon biaya yang lebih rendah. Artikel tersebut juga menemukan bahwa sebagian besar rekomendasi pariwisata pasca-pandemi cenderung tidak operasional karena kegagalan mereka untuk memberikan definisi operasional tentang apa itu 'pasca-pandemi'.

The purpose of the study was to develop functional straight maternity skirt patters in small, medium and large sizes with different variations on drop waist lower torso using established block patterns obtained from established mean body measurements by Oluwaleyimu and Igbo (2019) The area for the study was Lagos metropolis, Nigeria. Three hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. Exploratory and descriptive designs were employed in carrying out the study. The two sets of population comprised of the users (registered pregnant women) and judges (Nurses, registered garment makers and Clothing and textile lecturers) with the total of 996 were involved in the study. Purposive, Convenience and Accidental sampling techniques were used to select 31 respondents that participated in the final evaluation of the prototype skirts. The instruments for data collection were the established mean body measurements and Maternity Skirt Assessment Questionnaire (MSAQ). Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was employed to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The following variations of maternity skirts were produced in small, medium and large sizes (Straight functional maternity skirt with yoke on drop waist lower torso; skirt with an inverted draw string for roominess and skirt with detachable godet on the waist region. Findings also revealed that there was no significance difference (P>0.05) among the mean response of the judges on the fit, comfort and aesthetic attributes of the maternity skirts constructed from the patterns, they were rated very satisfactory by the users and judges. Among others, it is recommended that; the patterns constructed in this study should be published for teaching and learning for students and teachers of Home Economics; it should also be used for tailors, fashion designers and the apparel industries for mass production of functional maternity skirts for local use and exportation since the mean body measurements used did not significantly differ from the standardized body measurement [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China's rapid development, huge economic output, national strength, and improvement of people's living standards are the remarkable results of the transformation from being an isolated economy to a highly globalized one since 1978. In recent years, China's economy has undergone profound challenges from the international environment such as rising protectionism, economic stagnation, and the COVID-19 pandemic. In such a context, the dual circulation strategy (DCS) has been introduced by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) as a new economic model for the next five years and beyond, aimed at boosting China's domestic demand and simultaneously creating favourable conditions for domestic and overseas markets to complement each other. This study emphasizes the necessities of transforming to DCS because of both prominent contradictions in the internal economy as well as complex changes in the international economic environment. It also affirms that China's new economic model is towards a more sustainable economy to hedge against external risks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the important instruments of the industrial and infrastructural policy of the state is the formation of a national system of innovation clusters. Sustainable development can be achieved by creating network structures based on a cluster approach, as such associations include enterprises, research institutions, research centres, government agencies, and financial and consulting structures. The article aims to determine the relationship between the level of cluster development and the level of sustainable growth to formulate recommendations for policies to increase the competitiveness of European economies. This study used a linear correlation between the State of cluster development and the SDG Index, taken from two reports: The Global Competitiveness Report 2019 and Sustainable Development Report 2019. The results of the study confirmed a significant relationship between factors and outcome. Thus, the research hypothesis was proved, which was that there is a high positive correlation between cluster development and sustainable national growth; EU countries with well-developed clusters are countries with high sustainable development and vice versa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The transition towards a circular economy, in which the value of products, materials and resources is remains in the economy for as long as possible and the production of waste is reduced to a minimum, has gained special attention lately on the agenda of public authorities, business environment, research institutes and non-governmental organizations. The paper aims to identify ways to implement the circular economy in Romania, the stakeholders, as well as ways to promote the circular economy applicable to the Romanian development model. The paper brings to the fore the efficient use of resources as a cross-cutting principle of the circular economy, which can be applicable to any sector of activity. From this perspective, the recirculation of resources is the key to achieving the circular economy, respectively the transition to the green economy in Romania.

The irresponsible attitude of mankind to the use of natural resources led to a violation of the ecological balance and encouraged socially responsible members of society to unite in various parties and movements. Recognition of ecology as the basic paradigm of society's existence prompted manufacturers to introduce new principles of both business management and interaction with consumers. Fashion for conscious consumption encourages the use of energy-saving technologies, reduction of emissions and substances harmful to the soil in agricultural production, use of raw materials and materials of non-animal origin, etc. Under such conditions, the integration of economy and ecology was determined, the basis of which was the implementation of economic processes with minimal impact on the natural environment. The resource-based type of economy, characteristic of economically underdeveloped countries, serves as the basis of aggressive state policy, contributes to the imbalance not only of the national, but also of the world economy, and is destructive from the point of view of the future development of mankind. The agricultural sector of the economy is not only considered one of the most promising, but also belongs to a number of ecologically dangerous industries. This is due to the wide use of various environmentally hazardous chemicals in the process of agricultural production; use of complex agricultural machinery, as well as fuel and lubricants. An alternative to environmentally harmful agricultural production is ecological (organic) farming, in which the use of synthetic combined fertilizers, pesticides, growth regulators, and food additives for animal feed is prohibited or largely limited. The guiding principle for organic farming is the use of materials and technologies that improve the ecological balance in natural systems and contribute to the creation of sustainable and balanced agroecosystems. Animal husbandry, as a source of greenhouse gases, also has a negative impact on the environment. Eco-activists call for abandoning animal food and replacing animal proteins with vegetable ones. To improve the ecological balance, agricultural production should use the minimum amount of external resources, close nutrient cycles, reduce negative emissions into the external environment in the form of waste and greenhouse gas emissions, and also process or use agricultural waste.

Climate change is one of the biggest challenges facing the global economy today, which can pose risks to financial stability. There are increasing regulations regarding environmental protection, which require the activation of a sustainable economy in the country and the introduction of sustainable practices from businesses so that companies are prepared to meet the new regulations and avoid potential fines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents an innovated method for territorial zoning and its implementation in the territory of the Zdíkovský stream catchment area. The basis for projecting is ananthropo-ecological approach to the territory and the proposition of determining the new GES (geo-ecological units). Four essential territorial zones differing by anthropo-ecological burden and the degree of protection are suggested. A procedure for determining ecocritical lines (situations) in the territory, their regime, and possible solutions is suggested in the spirit of sustainability for future generations. The formulae and procedure for calculating the CES (coefficient of ecological stability) or ZSES (essential degrees of ecological stability), which divide the tested territory into appropriate zones, are also suggested. A comparison of zoning prior to 1989 and following was carried out, and it was proven that the significant presence of agricultural and forest subsystems in the territory with the extensive form of use resulted in the differentiation of the territory in terms of landscape character. The results point to the usability of the suggested method in the areas of planning, landscape development, protection, and territorial future development prognosis in terms of the natural potential on the local and superregional level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The aim of the paper was the identification of 4.0 competences that should be characterized by logistics workers in the era of the fourth industrial revolution. Design/methodology/approach: First step was the desk research analysis of source material (monographic studies, publications and reports). The second step were primary (fragmentary) explanatory, descriptive and explanatory, focused on the implementation of one research goal. The method used in the course of the study was the "user-centric" CAWI (Computer Assisted Web Interview). Findings: Technologization and robotization require from employees to acquire new digital competences. Studies show that logistics workers are aware of the needed change. There is a need to acquire competences 4.0 which can consist of cognitive, informative and technical competences. Research limitations/implications: The main limitation of the research was the availability of employees in logistics companies and the precise division of enterprises in which the respondents were employed. In the available statistical summaries and address databases, there is no division taking into account the place of logistics as an element of business activities in enterprises. Practical implications: Research can be also a signpost for employers of what kind of competences should be developed in the future in the face of upcoming economy 5.0 and society 5.0. Originality/value: The article can be a road-map for sustainable digital transformation taking into account not only machines but also human beings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]