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Plusieurs études ont révélé que le développement d’une nation passe à la fois à un renforcement de son système éducatif et une participation active des jeunes dans les actions sociales visant la prévention et la protection de ces derniers contre des grands fléaux comme le VIH/SIDA. Les connaissances, attitudes et pratiques des élèves finalistes du secondaire de face au VIH/SIDA sont à améliorer. L’intégration du VIH/SIDA dans les curricula de formation à l’école secondaire et la révision de la législation sanitaire afin que les jeunes et adolescents puissent bénéficier des conseils et de dépistage volontaire contre le VIH sans recourir à l’autorisation des parents sont des atouts majeurs visant la réduction des risques à la jeunesse estudiantine vis-à-vis de cette pandémie. En outre, les mesures de sensibilisation contre le VIH/SIDA doivent s’étendre dans d’autres milieux éducatifs tels que la famille, l’église et les associations des jeunes en vue d’espérer à un développement harmonieux de cette jeunesse. Néanmoins, ces prérogatives pourtant réelles restent encore méconnues par un grand nombre des élèves finalistes du secondaire en RD Congo et dont le pays espère dans un avenir proche. L’objet de notre étude est de vérifier le niveau de connaissance des élèves finalistes de secondaire en matière de VIH, déterminer la nature de leurs comportements, leurs attitudes dans la lutte contre cette pandémie et proposer des pistes de solution.

This article focuses on the resurgence of urban bathhouses (called estuves in French after the stoves that heated them) between the thirteenth and sixteenth centuries in Paris and other northern French‐speaking cities. Popular and widespread institutions, bathhouses contributed to both individual well‐being and civic health in cities across the kingdom. Using medical treatises, trial records, literary sources, and archival documentation, the article argues that bathhouses encouraged sociability, brought disparate groups together, and were in fact essential to the circulation and well‐being of people in medieval cities as places of emotional community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper synthesizes theories and concepts related to rurality, health and wellbeing, and governance to propose a new conceptual framework for researching health and wellbeing in rural communities. The framework emphasizes positive framing of health and wellbeing; the influence of governance concepts; considering impact of decisions on diverse populations; responding to change through resilience, adaptation, and transformation; fostering creativity and collaboration; maintaining a focus on health; and ongoing capacity building. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Nouveau Praticien Vétérinaire Élevages et Santé is the property of EDP Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Annales Historiques de la Révolution Française is the property of Librairie Armand Colin and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of ANUARI d' Arquitectura i Societat is the property of Universidad Politecnica de Valencia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Épidémiologie et Santé Animale is the property of Association pour l'Etude de l'Epidemiologie des Maladies Animales (AEEMA) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La COVID-19 a transformé l'environnement médiatique familial et suscité des recherches sur les effets de l'exposition aux médias sur écran et de leur utilisation chez les jeunes enfants. La présente mise à jour d'un document de principes de la SCP publié en 2017 passe de nouveau en revue les bienfaits et les risques potentiels des médias sur écran chez les enfants de moins de cinq ans et s'attarde sur leur santé développementale, psychosociale et physique. Quatre principes reposant sur des données probantes — limiter le temps d'écran, en atténuer les effets négatifs, les utiliser en pleine conscience et donner l'exemple d'habitudes saines — continuent d'orienter l'expérience précoce des enfants dans un paysage médiatique en rapide évolution. Les connaissances sur l'apprentissage et le développement des jeunes enfants éclairent les pratiques exemplaires recommandées aux professionnels de la santé et aux professionnels de la petite enfance (p. ex. éducatrices à la petite enfance, fournisseurs de services de garde). Les conseils préventifs devraient désormais inclure l'utilisation des écrans par les enfants et les familles en contexte de pandémie (et par la suite). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Human Sciences Journal / Revue des Sciences Humaines is the property of Universite des Freres Mentouri Constantine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Social Science Information is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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La coopération internationale sanitaire a d’abord pris la forme d’une collaboration entre les États qui s’est, par la suite, formalisée par la mise en place d’organisations internationales. Toutefois, l’évolution de la santé internationale vers une santé mondiale a considérablement modifié le paysage institutionnel. Ainsi, la multiplication d’acteurs non étatiques, par le financement et leur présence dans des instances de gouvernance, a une influence sur la santé au niveau international. Trois mutations relatives aux institutions internationales en matière de santé sont donc identifiées : l’affranchissement du rôle purement technique des organisations internationales en santé, et en particulier de l’OMS, le développement vers une santé mondiale et l’élargissement de la notion d’institution internationale.

The place of residence is conditioned by multiple factors, namely proximity to the place of work, which is of considerable importance. The moment of retirement can be an opportunity to change this location, particularly if the contexts of that residence are perceived as less favorable to aging. Starting from the question "After the reform, do you plan to continue living in the same location?", this article aims to identify the intention of adults between 55 and 64 years old (n=161) living in urban and rural contexts in the interior of Portugal to keep or change residence. The results reveal significant differences, with residents in rural areas, with a higher incidence among those still working, expressing a greater willingness to change location and residents in urban areas wanting to keep their place of residence. Less availability of services and greater difficulty in accessing, particularly health care, seem to explain the different trend of future residence of residents in rural areas. The evaluation of the state of health in the last five years is also more negative among those who live in rural areas and those who express an intention to change location. We conclude that if the existence of work contributes to the settling of people in rural areas, health conditions and greater difficulty in accessing health services are factors for the depopulation of rural areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Swiss Journal of Educational Research / Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Bildungswissenschaften is the property of University Library of Bern and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Nouveau Praticien Vétérinaire Élevages et Santé is the property of EDP Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The institutional architecture for the provision of social health protection varies across countries, as do the actors and organizations involved. In some countries, mutual benefit societies and community‐based health insurance organizations (CBHI) play a role in this area. In the 1990s, these were promoted particularly as a means of extending social security coverage, especially in sub‐Saharan Africa. In the current context, the adoption of the 2030 Agenda for sustainable development, as well as renewed political will to realize universal coverage, has led to a questioning of the role of mutuals/CBHI. However, the literature on the roles they play in national social security systems remains limited. For this scoping review, 49 documents were analysed, covering 18 countries worldwide, focused on the delegation of functions to mutuals/CBHI in national social health protection systems. The results reveal the dynamics of the delegation of functions within social protection systems over time and their implementation processes. These provide areas for reflection that can inform policy processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of French Journal of British Studies / Revue Française de Civilisation Britannique is the property of Centre de Recherches et d'Etudes en Civilisation Britannique and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cahiers d'Études Africaines is the property of Editions EHESS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: The overall goal of this study was to better understand how language can affect the mental states in a manner that can increase the well-being of people who have experienced major physical or psychological trauma. Analysis: We chose to answer this question through a qualitative empirical investigation in which we interviewed 49 individuals (patients, caregivers, professionals). To get at the heart of the "performativity" of language and its ability to alter mental states, we identified phrases and words that "do good" for traumatized individuals. Conclusion and implications: Examining these words and phrases allowed us to identify broad themes that we then linked to basic psychological needs and elementary linguistic morphologies. These helped us to grasp the basic structure on which it is possible to build conversational tools for psychosocial intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Retirement is a major transition in the lives of the older population, potentially affecting well-being through the lifestyle, emotional, and financial changes that accompany the transition. In this study, we empirically investigate the effect of retirement on life satisfaction in Canada, using data from the 2008–2009 Canadian Community Health Survey–Healthy Aging. Identifying the effect of retirement on life satisfaction is inherently difficult because of self-selection, reverse causality, and unobserved individual-specific heterogeneity that may affect both life satisfaction and the decision to retire. To address these concerns, we explore the use of the age thresholds from the Old Age Security and the Canada Pension Plan/Quebec Pension Plan as instruments in the decision to retire. The resulting estimates suggest that retirement has a positive and significant effect on the life satisfaction of the older population in Canada. This effect remains significant after we control for age, gender, marital status, educational background, household income, race, immigrant status, and province-level fixed effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Le vécu d'ACEs (Adverse Childhood Experiences) est à ce jour considéré comme un déterminant majeur dans la survenue à l'âge adulte de problématiques de santé physiques et psychologiques. Malgré le caractère prolifique de ce domaine de recherche, un certain nombre de flous conceptuels subsistent, dont témoignent notamment l'absence de définition claire des ACEs ou encore leur appellation dans la littérature. Cette faiblesse conceptuelle a des conséquences pour l'étude, non seulement de la gamme d'adversités à considérer et les paramètres à prendre compte (i.e., gravité, temporalité, durée), mais aussi en ce qui concerne les dysfonctionnements qui découlent de cette adversité. Au-delà de l'impact sur la compréhension de ce qu'est ou n'est pas un vécu d'adversité, ces flous rendent particulièrement délicats son évaluation, le recueil de données sur la base de critères suffisamment homogènes, ainsi que l'espoir d'une prévention efficiente. En effet, si l'on veut agir sur les maux de l'adversité, il convient de circonscrire l'objet pour mieux comprendre ses modalités d'expression, ses déterminants et ses conséquences sur la santé. L'objectif de cet article sera de proposer un état des lieux des différentes compréhensions de l'adversité pour clarifier ce concept. Dans le cadre de ce travail, nous avons souhaité nous focaliser sur deux axes principaux, le premier relatif à l'identification du contexte d'émergence des travaux sur les ACEs et le second qui concernera la question au combien crucial de leur conceptualisation. Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been consistently linked with negative physical and mental health outcomes in adulthood. Despite decades of research dedicated this phenomenon, certain inconsistency exists in the literature regarding how ACEs are conceptually defined. This lack of clarification can impact study outcomes, not only in terms of the range of adversities to be considered and parameters to account for (i.e., severity, temporality, duration), but also with regard to the nature of dysfunctions that result from ACEs. Beyond impacting our overall understanding of what adverse experiences encompass, this obscurity concerning their operational definition complicates how they are assessed, the process of collecting data based on homogeneous criteria and ultimately can hinder effective prevention. Indeed, any meaningful advancement towards treating illness associated with ACEs will require more rigorous definition of ACEs to better understand how they manifest and their specific impact on health outcomes. Our objective in this article is to propose a comprehensive inventory of existing definitions of adversity with a view to clarifying this concept. Within the framework of that objective, we focused on two principal axes: the context of the emerging work on ACEs and the critical question of how ACEs are conceptually defined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines the notions of health and illness elaborated by the approaches of G. Canguilhem. These are analyzed addressing Freudian hypotheses concerning neurosis, normality and mental illness. In particular, the concept of normativity in G. Canguilhem's philosophy is approached, establishing a dialogue with the notions of symptom and illness in Freudian texts. In this framework, relevance is given to the relationship between symptom and fantasy as phenomena that highlight the creativity of the living being. It is specified that this creativity is expressed in a differentiated way in the organization of neurotic and psychotic pictures. Finally, through the ideas exposed by A. Badiou, the tension between the objective and subjective dimension of the subject is analyzed as a logical substratum of the critique that can be established of the natural-scientific procedures of medicine and its eagerness to objectify the clinical experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ethnologie Française is the property of Presses Universitaires de France and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Economics & Statistics / Economie et Statistique is the property of Ministere de l'Economie, des Finances et de la Relance and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

L'inactivité physique constitue un facteur de risque de la majorité des maladies non transmissibles (MNT) dans le monde. Cette recherche a été réalisée pour étudier le profil de l'activité physique (AP) chez une population résidente dans la Région de Souss-Massa au Sud du Maroc, ainsi que des déterminants sociodémographiques, et de la santé, qui lui sont associés. C'est une étude prospective transversale menée en 2016 auprès de 226 sujets adultes de la Province de Tiznit et régions. L'enquête a été effectuée via un questionnaire et le test de Ricci et Gagnon d'activité physique. Les différentes variables étudiées étaient : le statut sociodémographique, le mode de vie, l'anthropométrie, les habitudes nutritionnelles, l'état de santé, et l'activité physique. L'âge moyen des sujets était de 42 ans, parmi eux, 66,81 % avaient un statut inactif à peu actif, et un IMC au-delà de la normale. Les variables : âge, statut marital, surpoids/obésité et pression artérielle systolique (PAS) étaient associées à une absence ou à un manque d'activité physique (OR = 3,92, OR = 4,06, OR = 6,05, et OR = 2,02, respectivement). Seulement 1/3 des sujets avaient un mode de vie actif, ce chiffre alarmant pourrait avoir des conséquences négatives sur la santé de la population générale, et donc contribuer à l'accroissement de la charge des MNT. Les résultats générés pourraient contribuer aux programmes de prévention primaire, d'éducation, et de sensibilisation contre l'inactivité physique dans la population générale. Physical inactivity is a risk factor for the majority of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) worldwide. This research was carried out to study physical activity (PA) profile in a Souss-Massa-dwelling population, South of Morocco, as well as its associated socio-demographic and health determinants. It is a prospective cross-sectional study conducted in 2016 among 226 adults living in Tiznit Province and regions. A questionnaire and the Ricci and Gagnon score for PA were implemented. The questionnaire variables covered socio-demographic status, lifestyle, anthropometry, nutritional habits, health status, and physical activity. The average age of subjects was 42 years, about 2/3 of them were physically inactive, and with a BMI above the normal. Variables such as age, marital status, overweight/obesity, and systolic blood pressure were associated with the physical inactivity status (OR = 3.92, OR = 4.06, OR = 6.05, and OR = 2.02, respectively). Only 1/3 of the subjects had an active lifestyle, this alarming trend could have negative consequences on population health, and thus would contribute to the rising burden of noncommunicable diseases. These generated results could contribute to primary prevention, education and awareness programs against physical inactivity in the general population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In "The Town with No Poverty: The Health Effects of a Canadian Guaranteed Annual Income Field Experiment" (published in Canadian Public Policy in 2011), Professor Evelyn Forget examines community-level health and education impacts of the 1970s Manitoba Guaranteed Annual Income experiment (MINCOME). I reassess the hospital use data from Forget (2011), arguing that it contains statistically significant negative pre-trends in the relative hospital usage in the treated community of Dauphin compared to comparison communities. The pre-trend combined with short prior and treatment periods raises serious issues about the usefulness of the data, which, if anything shows positive effects of MINCOME on hospital usage in standard specifications. I conclude that MINCOME data do not support claims that a guaranteed annual income reduces healthcare costs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to reflect on the methodological strategies of a research-intervention, with emphasis on the relations between health and work, developed together with women workers from a public elementary school, located in a city in the state of Rio de Janeiro. The investigative course is structured in two steps: i) conversations about the work and observations of work activities; and ii) Meetings about the Work, initially, by professional segment and, later, with the expanded group. The perspective was the construction of a continuous and permanent observatory on the connections between health and work, stimulated by an expanded community of research-intervention - ECRI (or CAPI, in Portuguese). The main focus of the present analysis is the potential of the methodological strategies used, as well as the obstacles faced. The transformations introduced by the processes concerning research-intervention opened a permanent field of daily negotiation, committed to better living, health and working conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Le sport est sans aucun doute l'activité sociale humaine volontaire la plus répandue. La pratique régulière d'un sport ou d'exercice physique présente de nombreux avantages pour la santé. Cependant, l'esprit même du sport est menacé par un arsenal sans cesse croissant de substances et/ou méthodes présentant des avantages réels ou supposés dans l'amélioration des performances. L'usage de ces substances et/ou méthodes est conventionnellement appelé dopage. Outre le fait de porter atteinte à des valeurs telles que le « fair play », le dopage présente un risque significatif pour la santé. Sont décrits ici les effets ergogéniques et les risques sur la santé des substances et méthodes dopantes ainsi que, brièvement, la prévalence du dopage. Sport is probably the most ubiquitous voluntary human social activity. Sport and physical exercise are associated with a wide range of health benefits. However, the reputation of the value of sports in this field, is being threatened by an ever-expanding armamentarium of substances and methods with real or perceived benefits in performance enhancement. The use of such substances and methods is conventionally identified as doping. Beside the fact that doping undermines values like fair play, it can cause real health risks. The ergogenic effects and health risks of doping substances and methods and, briefly, the prevalence of doping are described here. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dans cet article, je propose une analyse discursive de la nouvelle Politique sur les saines habitudes de vie de l’arrondissement de Montréal-Nord (Québec, Canada) et, plus largement, des enjeux et rapports de pouvoir qui la traversent et l’informent. L’analyse met en évidence les normes, présupposés, et processus d’exclusion qui prennent forme au sein de la Politique. D’abord, je mobilise les travaux issus des « critical fat studies » afin de démontrer comment cette politique s’inscrit dans la lignée des discours et pratiques « anti-obésité », favorisant ainsi l’émergence de formes d’oppression à l’intersection des corps, de l’alimentation et de la santé. Je procède ensuite à une analyse des discours hégémoniques et normatifs qui traversent la Politique et font de l’alimentation « saine » (entendue selon des savoirs occidentaux informés par le nutritionnisme [Scrinis, 2013]) une solution à adopter dans la lutte contre l’obésité ou les maladies chroniques. Tout au long de l’article, je mets en évidence comment des politiques publiques peuvent reproduire des formes de discrimination et d’oppression qui se conjuguent à celles existant déjà, et détourner l’attention des inégalités systémiques et structurelles qui se matérialisent à la longue en troubles de santé, actuellement associés à la diète. Je termine en comparant brièvement cette politique avec le nouveau plan adopté par le Conseil alimentaire de Toronto (le Toronto Black Food Sovereignty Plan), qui reconnaît le racisme systémique et son rôle dans les troubles de santé et d’accès à l’alimentation. Je discute certaines des orientations directrices de ce plan afin de mettre en évidence l’approche distincte qui y est privilégiée.

Le sport en prison est de prime abord un moment de loisir qui contribue à l’épanouissement physique et psychologique des détenus. Mais à la prison centrale de Maroua, le niveau de pratique du sport se révèle souvent faible. Pourtant, en dépit de ces impératifs liés à la peine, beaucoup de détenus s’imaginent au sport comme dans un espace extérieur à la prison. Cette insuffisance impacte alors la situation sanitaire des détenus qui est déjà inquiétante avec l’état délabré de la prison, l’hygiène déplorable et l’insécurité entre les personnes incarcérées. Une revue de littérature sélective a été réalisée. Des enquêtes ont été réalisées à la Prison Centrale de Maroua (PCM) et auprès des anciens détenus, des observations et des entretiens auprès des autorités en charge de l’administration pénitentiaire à Maroua ont eu lieu. Les données collectées et traitées révèlent que la pratique du sport à la PCM est occasionnelle et participe très peu à l’amélioration de santé des détenus. Ceci laisse libre accès aux maladies.

La gestion des Résidus Solides est au centre de débats nationaux et internationaux car l’environnement notamment urbain (RSU) subit, ces dernières décennies, une régression due aux avancées technologiques et au changement de modes de vie. Le développement réalisé est accompagné d’une augmentation continue des RSU générés par les activités anthropiques. A cet effet, L’environnement présente, de nos jours, une préoccupation majeure des pouvoirs publics à travers la mise en place d’une panoplie de textes réglementaires et la création d’institutions dans le but de préserver la santé publique et pour un Développement Urbain Durable. À Annaba, ville au nord-est de l’Algérie, la croissance démographique et urbaine a généré des Résidus Solides variés en quantité et en qualité potentiellement dommageables qu’il y a lieu de prendre en charge. Ces derniers, affectent non seulement les indicateurs environnementaux (eau, air et sol) mais aussi, les conditions de vie en ville. Cet article explore sur terrain la production, la composition et le système de gestion des RSU dans la ville d’Annaba. Le traitement de RSU en cours, parait inefficient et nécessite une sans cesse amélioration via une stratégie locale en se basant sur la sensibilisation, la formation et l’implication davantage du citoyen et des acteurs concernés. La méthode de traitement des Résidus Solides Urbains (RSU) par compostage et recyclage reste un manque à gagner.

Ce commentaire critique a pour objectif de définir, d’expliquer et d’illustrer trois systèmes de croyances et d’oppression généralement peu connus en santé, mais susceptibles d’influencer négativement les pratiques de professionnels de la santé et de services sociaux ainsi que celles d’organisations publiques ou privées de santé, à savoir : le capacitisme, le sanisme et le suicidisme. Il a aussi pour objectif d’identifier certaines pistes d’action pouvant contribuer à combattre ces systèmes largement répandus au sein des institutions et organisations de nos sociétés occidentales contemporaines.

Regular physical activity (PA) is recognised as a positive factor for health, thus doctors are now able to prescribe PA. It is therefore necessary for health professionals to have a solid knowledge on this subject to disseminate the right information. In our study, we looked at the knowledge about PA and health of the 2nd year medical and nursing students as part of their mandatory participation in the health promotion program [" Service Sanitaire des Étudiants en Santé " (SSES)]. We evaluated the impact of a specific teaching on PA and health on the students' knowledge. A total of 216 students (156 from the medicine school et 60 from the nursing one) were involved in the SSES and responded to a survey including 16 multiple choices questions on PA and health, with total score was reported out of 20. Before any teaching, the overall average score of the 216 students was 8.96 ± 2.78 out of 20. Of the total number of students, 58.3% of them had a score of less than 10. For students who participated (n = 41) in the specific teaching programme we reported a significant increase with a positive mean change of 28.9%. Our results shows that the knowledge of medical and nursing students involved in the health promotion program was below 10/20, this consequently suggests the necessity for them to have a specific training concerning physical activity and health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines how health is constructed as an emerging value of quality standards in intensive agriculture in the province of Huelva (Spain) with a specific focus on the health and welfare of female seasonal migrant workers. Based on an ethnographic approach, the research draws on two sources: an analysis of Global G.A.P. quality standards documentation and qualitative in-depth interviews with four key social actors, including local producers, social and professional organisations, healthcare professionals and migrant women working on seasonal contracts. Drawing on theoretical contributions from convention theory and the socio-anthropological approach of political economy, the study identified imbalances between the meanings and practices around health and safety. Principally, the study concludes that norms established by quality standards focus almost exclusively on consumers' health while neglecting the health costs and inequalities experienced by female agricultural workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context and background: Flooding is one of the most feared consequences of climate change. It is one of the most devastating scourges on the planet today. The year 2010 was marked by a perceptible disruption of the rainfall regime in almost every corner of the globe. In Benin, as in many African countries, the rains of 2010 have caused floods with devastating consequences on all levels (social, economic, environmental, health, etc.). Therefore, the need to think about a better management of flood risks is an essential issue. Goal and Objectives: The overall objective of this study is to contribute to a better knowledge of the determinants and effects of floods on the environment and health of the populations of the districts of Agblangandan and Ekpè in the municipality of Sèmè-Podji. Methodology: The present work is an empirical research, carried out in a synchronic and diachronic approach, focusing on the analysis of the determinants of flooding in the districts of Agblangandan and Ekpe in the commune of Sèmè-Podji in Benin, on the one hand, and of the associated socio environmental and health consequences, on the other. Thus, it combines qualitative and quantitative techniques of data collection in order to achieve the set objectives. Results: A combination of natural and human factors are at the root of the floods recorded each year in the districts of Agblangandan and Ekpè in the commune of Sèmè-Podji. These floods constitute a threat to life with serious consequences on the health of the populations. Indeed, the various waterborne diseases identified during the research prove that malaria, gastrointestinal diseases, acute respiratory infections and diarrhea are the main diseases that strike the population during floods. The health facilities put in place are often insufficient and access to them during floods is difficult because some road infrastructures are also impassable. In these circumstances, the populations develop their own means of defense to cope with these diseases as well as with the floods themselves. It is important that adequate public policies on urban planning, hygiene and sanitation are put in place to ensure that the communities studied are in full health, a guarantee of a real participation in the construction of the nation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The purpose of this critical commentary is to define, explain and illustrate three systems of belief and oppression that are generally not well known in the health field, but that are likely to have a negative influence on the practices of health and social service professionals as well as those of public or private health organizations, namely: ableism, sanism and suicidism. It also aims to identify certain courses of action that could help combat these systems, which are widespread in the institutions and organizations of our contemporary Western societies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health is the property of Canadian Periodical for Community Studies Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Industrial Relations / Relations Industrielles is the property of Universite Laval, Department of Industrial Relations and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Based on the field of Communication and Health, this work seeks to present some of the ways in which rights in Brazil, in particular those associated with access to information and to communication as inseparable from the right to health, are obstructed, compromising the exercise of citizenship. To do so, we employ the estheticexpressive paradigm in the (re)construction of that which represents a kind of continuum of knowledge production, sustained by the metaphors of typography and the guillotine, impacting on the reconfiguration of the category of truth. With this movement, what guides the centrality of the present reflection is the false opposition between emotion and reason, producing subjective effects which interfere in the relationship between social actors and Brazil's Unified Healthcare System (SUS). To conclude, we outline the extent to which narrative strategies structure not only the way in which social subjects perceive the world, but also their actions on it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]