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Objective: The present work was undertaken to evaluate the effects of storage time, choline chloride, and high concentrations of Cu and Zn on the kinetic behavior of vitamin degradation during storage in two vitamin premixes and four vitamin-trace mineral (VTM) premixes.Methods: Two vitamin premixes (with or without 160,000 mg/kg of choline) were stored at 25°C and 60% humidity. Besides, four VTM premixes were used to evaluate the effects of choline (0 vs 40,000 mg/kg) and trace minerals (low CuSO4+ZnO vs high CuSO4+ZnO) on vitamin stability in VTM premixes stored in room, and the VTM premixes were stored in room temperature at 22°C. Subsamples from each vitamin and VTM premix were collected at 0, 1, 2, 3, 6, and 12 months. The retention of vitamin A (VA), vitamin D3 (VD3), vitamin E (VE), vitamin K3 (VK3), vitamin B1 (VB1), vitamin B2 (VB2), vitamin B3 (VB3), vitamin B5 (VB5), and vitamin B6 (VB6) in vitamin premixes and VTM premixes during storage was determined. The stability of vitamins in vitamin premixes and VTM premixes was determined and reported as the residual vitamin activity (% of initial) at each sampling point.Results: The effect of choline on VK3 retention was significant in vitamin premixes (p3, VK3, VB1, VB2, VB5, and VB6 in vitamin premix (p3, VB1, and VB2 loss during storage (p3 and VB6 (p

The supplementation of Copper (Cu) is essential for the optimum performance of physiological functions, including growth performance and immune function. Cu is usually formulated into animal premixes in the form of inorganic salts, such as sulphates, or organic minerals. Organic minerals are mineral salts that are either complexed or chelated to organic ligands such as proteins, amino acids, and polysaccharides. Cu is often formulated into premixes alongside other essential components such as vitamins, enzymes and synthetic antioxidants, all of which are susceptible to negative interactions with Cu which can detrimentally effect both their stability and activity. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of five different commercially available Cu sources in relation to their effect on the stability of α-tocopherol acetate and on the activity of Butylated Hydroxytoluene (BHT) and three commercially available phytases in vitro. The results determined that Cu source played a significant role in relation to limiting the interactions between Cu and each of the other components in vitro. There were significant differences (p ≤ 0.05), not only, between the inorganic and organic Cu sources but also between some of the individual organic Cu sources in relation to their effect on α-tocopherol acetate, BHT and phytase.

Производство молока одной из самой востребованной продукции животноводства, соответствующей санитарно –гигиеническим нормам, на радиоактивно загрязненных территориях Брянской области до настоящего времени остается актуальным. При решении данной проблемы одним из путей ее реализации является применение сорбентов из класса ферроцианидов.В нашей работе в производственных условиях на загрязненных территориях Брянской области проводились испытания новых рецептур кормовых добавок на основе гексацианоферрата (II) калия-железа (III) (лазурь железная милори) в сравнении с сорбентом «Бифеж» по показателю снижения перехода 137Cs в молоко. Что позволило снизить концентрацию 137Cs в молоке коров в 2–5 раз по сравнению с контролем., The solution to the problem of production of livestock products that meet sanitary and hygienic standards in radioactively contaminated areas remains relevant and practically significant. One of the ways to implement it is the use of sorbents from the class of ferrocyanides.In this work, we investigated the effectiveness of new formulations of feed additives based on potassium-iron (III) hexacyanoferrate (II) (milori iron azure) in comparison with the Bifezh sorbent in terms of reducing the transition of 137Cs to milk and meat. The tests were carried out in the production conditions of the Bryansk region. The use of ferrocin-containing preparations (iron milori azure) as part of new formulations of complex feed additives allowed to reduce the concentration of 137Cs in cow milk by 2–5 times compared to the control., Journal of Agriculture and Environment, Выпуск 1 (21) 2022, Page 1

The ecological problem of pollution of the environment and its components of water, soil, plants with toxic metals cadmium and lead has been exacerbated in various countries around the world, including and in Ukraine. In such conditions, the production of environmentally friendly cow’s milk with pollutant content within domestic and international safety and quality standards becomes important. The purpose of research is to test and evaluate the protective properties of specially selected medicinal plants in the phytopreparation “BP-9” and the effectiveness of the synergistic effect of the complex application of the developed antidote substances (premix “MP-A” + phytopreparation “BP-9”) on the concentration of cadmium and lead in milk, blood, kidneys and liver. Scientific and economic experiments were conducted on dairy cows with a live weight of 500 kg-545 kg. The first control group cows were fed the main diet without the addition of antidote premix “MP-A” and without injection of phyto-biological product “BP-9” developed from an aqueous extract of 9 medicinal plants. Animals of the second experimental group were introduced into the main diet as an antidote, a specially developed mineral-vitamin premix “MP-A”, and in the third-fed premix and subcutaneous injection of plant phytopreparation “BP-9”. In animals of the first control groups, the absorption of toxic metals cadmium and lead in the gastrointestinal tract gradually increased (accumulation), as indicated by their content in the blood, milk, liver and kidney. In cows of the second experimental group due to feeding the premix managed to achieve a stable decrease in the concentration of Cd and Pb, but much better antidote properties of the premix were manifested in synergy with the herbal preparation in the third experimental group. The high biological activity of the preparation is due to medicinal plants successfully selected for phytomorphological and biochemical properties. At this stage of research, it is difficult to assess the best and worst contribution to the experimental result of each of the plants, but in the complex their protective function worked by ensuring a satisfactory state of health of productive animals. In the third experimental group of cows, the content of toxic metals in milk after 120 days of the experiment decreased, the milk met the content of Cd and Pb to the requirements of environmental safety of the national standard and Regulations (EU) No853/2004 and No1881/2006) of the European Union.

The high efficiency of poultry and pigs is based on high-yielding breeds, balanced high-yielding mixed fodders and appropriate animal holding conditions. Recently, the tendency of increasing the efficiency of the nutritional potential of mixed fodder has become of increasing importance in order to reduce the cost of this factor in the production of livestock products. The role of the intermediate link between animals and the nutritional potential of feed is borne by enzymes. A few years ago the question about the use of exogenous enzyme preparations in the composition of feed was controversial. But a better understanding of the action of industrial enzymes, as well as more successfully developed enzyme preparations have changed the situation. Enzymes are now widely used in many countries around the world to improve the quality of feed produced on the basis of barley, wheat, wheat and barley, as well as other cereals. Perspective is the use of enzyme preparations in ration of young pigs in fattening. In our experiments, lysozyme was used to improve the productivity of young pigs. The experiments were carried out at "Iziumsky compound feed plant", Izium district, Kharkiv region and at the farm "Avangard-D" Ltd., Ovidiopolsky district, Odesa region. It was established that feeding of young pigs of mixed fodder enriched with the enzyme preparation "Lysozyme" prevents the growth of average daily increments, live weight of animals and reduction of feed costs per unit of products. The lowest feed costs per unit gain of live weight were set in the experimental group, which comprised 4.2 feeds. unit. That is less in comparison with animals of control group I by 7.0%. The economic efficiency of raising the young from 4 to 8 months of age has shown that the addition of prezime "lysozyme" to the diet of pigs affects the formation of basic expenses and the receipt of net profit per 1 head.

Shrink, accuracy, and precision of ingredient weighing are critical factors of efficiency in TMR-fed dairy systems. Those factors have been evaluated for major feeds; however, we are not aware of any reports for mineral supplement. Farms commonly mix mineral supplement with other low-inclusion ingredients into a premix which is used later as a single ingredient for TMR formulation. Our objectives were to evaluate shrink, weighing accuracy, and weighing precision of mineral supplement during premix formulation, and variation in concentration of minerals in mineral supplement and TMR, in five large dairies in the Western United States. We used the automated weight-tracking system at each farm to account for all the mineral supplement loaded into the mixing-wagon and collected samples of mineral supplement and TMR from time of mineral supplement delivery at the farm until 100% of it was consumed. Mean, standard deviation and coefficient of variation (CV) for each variable were calculated with SAS 9.4. Average shrink was estimated at 2.0% for mineral supplement during storage and loading, ranging from 0.37% to 3.25%. Mineral supplement weighing deviation from the targeted amount was 1.54% on average for the five dairies with a 95% CV. Mineral composition of mineral supplements averaged 11.3%, 0.27%, and 3.16% for Ca, P, and Mg, and 215, 881, and 1533 ppm for Cu, Mn, and Zn, respectively. Mineral compositions in TMR averaged 0.84%, 0.41%, and 0.37% for Ca, P, and Mg, respectively; and 15.1, 71, and 94.5 ppm for Cu, Mn, and Zn, respectively. The CV of all minerals except Ca, were larger for mineral supplement than TMR, and with the exception of P in mineral supplement, CV of trace minerals were larger than CV values for macro minerals. Our shrink estimates for mineral supplement represent an initial approximation to this issue. Results of our weighing deviation analysis suggest some room for improvement on the precision of weighing mineral supplement at the time when premix is prepared at the farm, which could improve consistency in chemical composition of the premix and consequently reduce the variation (CV values) of mineral concentrations in TMR.

Commercial broiler premixes provide trace minerals (TMs) such as Zinc (Zn), Manganese (Mn) and Copper (Cu) above the birds' requirements to maximise broiler performance. High inclusion levels of TM and their low absorption in the broiler's gastrointestinal tract have led to increased TM levels in their litter, raising concerns about TM's accumulation in the environment from poultry litter. A 35-day broiler trial was conducted at a broiler facility with 2 880-day-old Cobb 500 broiler males. The objective was to evaluate whether decreasing inorganic Zn, Mn and Cu levels in broiler diets would have a negative effect on broiler growth parameters such as BW, average daily gain, cumulative feed intake (FI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR). Consequently, these minerals were supplemented at 100%, 50%, 25%, and 0% of the Cobb standards. No significant difference in FI and FCR was observed between the treatments for the first 21 days, and there were no significant differences in BW between the positive control, negative control (NC), and 50% of Cobb recommended levels at day 35. However, BW for the NC was significantly higher than the 25% level. These results show that reducing TM levels in broiler diets below commercially recommended levels had no negative effect on broiler performance, with the subsequent economic benefits for producers.

Simple Summary Vitamin K3 (VK3) is the most unstable vitamin. Menadione sodium bisulfite (MSB) and menadione nicotinamide bisulfite (MNB) are two commonly used VK3 in animal diets. Micro-capsule and micro-sphere forms of vitamins, provided from encapsulation techniques, have been used in vitamin production, while the effects of these encapsulated forms on the storage stability of VK3 need systematic investigation. Our results show that high temperature-high relative humidity had a negative effect on the recovery of VK3. The retention of MNB was higher than that of MSB in vitamin premixes. VK3 retention was higher in micro-capsule or micro-sphere forms in vitamin premix and vitamin trace mineral premixes during storage. Abstract Six types of vitamin K3 (VK3); two sources (menadione sodium bisulfite, MSB; menadione nicotinamide bisulfite, MNB), and three different forms (crystal, micro-capsule, and micro-sphere) were used to determine the retention of VK3 in vitamin premixes (Experiment 1) or vitamin trace mineral (VTM) premixes (Experiment 2) after 1, 2, 3, and 6 months of storage. The retention of VK3 in vitamin premixes was evaluated at 25 °C/60% relative humidity or 40 °C/75% relative humidity in an incubator in Experiment 1 and in VTM premixes (choline chloride: 0 vs. 16,000 mg/kg) stored at room temperature in Experiment 2. The VK3 retention in vitamin premix or VTM premix decreased significantly with the extension of storage time (p < 0.05). In Experiment 1, the VK3 retention was higher in the 25 °C/60% incubator (56%) than in the 40 °C/75% incubator (28%). The MNB retention (52%) was higher than MSB retention (32%). The retention of VK3 in micro-capsules (43%) or micro-spheres (48%) was higher than the crystal form (35%) after six months of storage. In Experiment 2, there was no difference between the retention of MSB (49%) or MNB (47%). The retention of VK3 of micro-capsule (51%) or micro-sphere (54%) was higher than that of crystal form (40%). The VK3 retention was higher in the choline-free group (51%) than in the choline group (47%) after six months of storage. Finally, the predicted equations of VK3 retention with storage time in vitamin premixes or VTM premixes were established. The R2 of the prediction equations was ≥0.9005, indicating that time is an important factor in predicting VK3 retention. In conclusion, the higher temperature-relative humidity, choline had negative effects on VK3 retention during premix storage. MNB retention was higher than MSB during storage of vitamin premix. The encapsulated forms of VK3, micro-capsules and micro-spheres, could improve VK3 storage stability in vitamin premix and VTM premix.

Reduction of the complexity of production of articles from composite materials is largely ensured by the use of reinforcing semi-finished products in which fibers pre-form a framework. Among all the variety of reinforcing systems, woven sleeves (preforms) occupy a special place. The high degree of deformability in a nonimpregnated condition makes it possible to lay this reinforcement on any surface without folds and cuts that provide preservation of strand continuity. This advantage of woven sleeves is accompanied by a change in local reinforcement angles and, consequently, the variable nature of physical and mechanical characteristics of the curved part surface. A method for calculating physical and mechanical characteristics of the composite based on preforms at any point of the part depending on the pattern of laying strands on a curved surface has been developed. The possibility of application of the rod model of the composite to describe physical and mechanical characteristics of the composite material with a woven reinforcement was analyzed. The model essence consists in that the composite is modeled by a diamond-shaped rod system. The rhombus sides serve as fibers and the diagonals as the binder. To verify the theoretical results and substantiate practical recommendations, a series of experimental studies were performed based on the formation of material specimens from two types of woven sleeves with different reinforcement angles. The experimental study program included tensile, bending, and compression tests. A fairly good convergence of theoretical and experimental data was obtained. For example, a square of the correlation coefficient was not less than 0.95 for the modulus of elasticity, not less than 0.8 for the Poisson's ratio, and not less than 0.9 for tensile and compressive strengths. This is the rationale for using the rod model to describe the considered class of composites. The use of the developed procedure will make it possible to increase the perfection of the considered class of designs and obtain rational parameters of the process of their manufacture.

Reduction of the complexity of production of articles from composite materials is largely ensured by the use of reinforcing semi-finished products in which fibers pre-form a framework. Among all the variety of reinforcing systems, woven sleeves (preforms) occupy a special place. The high degree of deformability in a nonimpregnated condition makes it possible to lay this reinforcement on any surface without folds and cuts that provide preservation of strand continuity. This advantage of woven sleeves is accompanied by a change in local reinforcement angles and, consequently, the variable nature of physical and mechanical characteristics of the curved part surface. A method for calculating physical and mechanical characteristics of the composite based on preforms at any point of the part depending on the pattern of laying strands on a curved surface has been developed. The possibility of application of the rod model of the composite to describe physical and mechanical characteristics of the composite material with a woven reinforcement was analyzed. The model essence consists in that the composite is modeled by a diamond-shaped rod system. The rhombus sides serve as fibers and the diagonals as the binder. To verify the theoretical results and substantiate practical recommendations, a series of experimental studies were performed based on the formation of material specimens from two types of woven sleeves with different reinforcement angles. The experimental study program included tensile, bending, and compression tests. A fairly good convergence of theoretical and experimental data was obtained. For example, a square of the correlation coefficient was not less than 0.95 for the modulus of elasticity, not less than 0.8 for the Poisson's ratio, and not less than 0.9 for tensile and compressive strengths. This is the rationale for using the rod model to describe the considered class of composites. The use of the developed procedure will make it possible to increase the perfection of the considered class of designs and obtain rational parameters of the process of their manufacture., Снижение трудоемкости производства изделий из композиционных материалов в значительной степени обеспечивается применением армирующих полуфабрикатов, в которых волокна предварительно образуют некоторый каркас. Среди всего многообразия армирующих систем особое место занимают плетеные рукава (преформы). Высокая степень деформируемости в непропитанном состоянии позволяет укладывать эту арматуру на любую поверхность без складок и разрезов, что обеспечивает сохранение цельности жгутов. Это преимущество плетеных рукавов сопровождается изменением местных углов армирования и, как следствие, переменным характером физико-механических характеристик по криволинейной поверхности детали. Разработана методика расчетов физико-механических характеристик композита на основе плетеной префомы в любой точке детали в зависимости от схемы укладки жгутов на криволинейную поверхность. Проанализирована возможность применения стержневой модели композита для описания физико-механических характеристик композиционного материала с плетеной арматурой. Суть модели состоит в том, что композит моделируется ромбовидной стержневой системой. Стороны ромба заменяют собой волокна, а диагонали – связующее. Для верификации теоретических результатов и обоснования практических рекомендаций выполнен ряд экспериментальных исследований на основе формования образцов материала из двух типов плетеных рукавов с разными углами армирования. Программа экспериментальных исследований предусматривала испытания на растяжение, изгиб и сжатие. Получена хорошая сходимость теоретических и экспериментальных данных. Так, для модуля упругости квадрат коэффициента корреляции не меньше 0.95; для коэффициента Пуассона не меньше 0.8; для пределов прочности при растяжении и сжатии не меньше 0.9. Это является обоснованием использования стержневой модели для описания рассматриваемого класса композитов. Использование разработанной методики позволит повысить совершенство рассматриваемого класса конструкций и получить оптимальные параметры технологического процесса их производства, Зниження трудомісткості виробництва виробів з композиційних матеріалів в значній мірі забезпечується застосуванням армуючих напівфабрикатів, в яких волокна попередньо утворюють деякий каркас. Серед усього різноманіття армуючих систем особливе місце займають плетені рукава (преформи). Високий ступінь деформованості в непросоченому стані дозволяє укладати цю арматуру на будь-яку поверхню без складок і розрізів, що забезпечує збереження цілісності джгутів. Ця перевага плетених рукавів супроводжується зміною місцевих кутів армування і, як наслідок, змінним характером фізико-механічних характеристик по криволінійній поверхні деталі. Розроблено методику розрахунків фізико-механічних характеристик композита на основі преформ у будь-якій точці деталі залежно від схеми укладання джгутів на криволінійну поверхню. Проаналізована можливість застосування стрижневої моделі композита для опису фізико-механічних характеристик композиційного матеріалу із плетеною арматурою. Суть моделі полягає в тому, що композит моделюється ромбовидною стрижневою системою. Сторони ромба заміняють собою волокна, а діагоналі – зв’язуюче. Для верифікації теоретичних результатів і обґрунтування практичних рекомендацій виконано ряд експериментальних досліджень на основі формування зразків матеріалу із двох типів плетених рукавів з різними кутами армування. Програма експериментальних досліджень передбачала випробування на розтягування, вигин та стискання. Отримана досить гарна збіжність теоретичних і експериментальних даних. Так, для модуля пружності квадрат коефіцієнта кореляції не є меншим 0.95; для коефіцієнта Пуассона не є меншим 0.8; для границь міцності при розтягуванні і стисканні – не є меншим 0.9. Це є обґрунтуванням використання стрижневої моделі для опису розглянутого класу композитів. Використання розробленої методики дозволить підвищити досконалість розглянутого класу конструкцій та отримати раціональні параметри технологічного процесу їх виробництва

The friction, wear and mechanical properties of a new non-asbestos brake pad formulation called Premix were investigated. A novel friction-testing machine was utilized to determine tribological behavior. The tribological, physical and mechanical properties of the brake pads were measured and their friction surface morphology was explored via optical and scanning electron microscopy. Results showed that the Premix affected the friction coefficient. Moreover, it decreased the specific wear rate. The small value of friction coefficient is 0.566 at 90 degrees C whereas the small value of specific wear rate is 3.8 x 10(-8) cm(3)/N.m at 180 degrees C. Friction and wear results approximated those of commercial brake pads. It was concluded that the Premix played a crucial role in the tribological, physical and mechanical properties of the brake pads. Scientific Research Project Unit of Kocaeli UniversityKocaeli University [KOU-BAP-2013/68]; DUBIT Center at Duzce University This study was supported by the Scientific Research Project Unit of Kocaeli University (KOU-BAP-2013/68) and DUBIT Center at Duzce University. WOS:000606168200002 2-s2.0-85099084887

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals, 31, 1, 11-16

Произведено определение эффективности кормления дойных коров с использованием адресного комбикорма собственного приготовления. The determination of the efficiency of feeding dairy cows using the address feed their own cooking.

Highlights • An alternative, systems-based approach to determine compliance with food fortification, based on the fortification process. • More aware and engaged firms have a better understanding of the policy that helps recognise the value of complying. • Greater frequency of face-to-face interactions is linked to better compliance for recently introduced regulations. • Firms’ distrust in the effectiveness of incentives and penalties can hamper compliance. • A sustainable longer-term method could combine frequent monitoring of compliance behaviour with occasional product testing., Impact of national food fortification programs is contingent on the extent to which there is compliance with national standards. However, this compliance is often sub-optimal and is not consistently measured. One of the challenges to more regular measurement is an over-reliance on quantitative assessments of micronutrient levels for compliance, which are costly. In resource constrained environments, this contributes to weaknesses in regulatory monitoring. We offer an alternative, systems-based approach to determine compliance, presenting a unique score that can capture firms’ compliance behaviour, based on whether and how firms actually carry out stages of the fortification process. The key utility of such a measure being its use to monitor fortification propensity and assess changes in response to interventions. Further, we present an empirical application of this measure, providing novel evidence on firms’ compliance towards food fortification regulations in Bangladesh, investigating the institutional and firm-level factors that correlate with compliance behaviour towards food fortification regulations among edible oil and salt producers.

Проведено исследование элементного состава волос лошадей тяжеловозных пород. Определены средние величины обменного пула 10-ти эссенциальных элементов. Сравнение концентрации элементов в волосяном депо лошадей контрольной и опытной групп показало значительное расхождение в накоплении отдельных эссенциальных элементов после использования минеральной подкормки на 30 день., A study of the elemental composition of the hair of horses of heavy breeds was conducted. The average values of the exchange pool of 10 essential elements are determined. Comparison of the concentration of elements in the hair depot of horses of the control and experimental groups showed a significant discrepancy in the accumulation of individual essential elements after the use of mineral top dressing on day 30.Ключевые слова: лошади, тяжеловозы, премикс, элементный состав во-лос, элементный статус, эссенциальные элементы., №2 (2020)

Исследование проводили с целью изучения влияния гуминовых веществ на организм сельскохозяйственных животных и птиц, продуктивность и качество мяса, а также их биологической активности и способов применения. Гуминовые вещества, вводимые в корм или питьевую воду для сельскохозяйственных животных (свиней, жвачных) и птиц (цыплят-бройлеров, кур-несушек, перепелов), могут стать перспективной кормовой биологически активной добавкой к основному рациону. Использование этого приема практически всегда увеличивает суточный прирост массы тела животных (на 100.300 г), коэффициент конверсии корма (на 0,03.0,06) и продуктивность. Гуминовые вещества положительно влияют на иммунитет и стрессоустойчивость животных и птиц. В частности, у птиц в 1,5.2,0 раза увеличивается масса фабрициевой сумки и в 1,5.2,0 раза повышается титр антител к ньюкаслской болезни. При их использовании повышается влагоудерживающая способность мяса, а также благодаря уменьшению яркости и покраснения улучшается его товарный вид. Однако на сегодняшний день нет однозначного объяснения позитивного влияния (или механизма действия) гуминовых веществ на организм животных. Они воздействуют на биохимические показатели крови (например, снижают уровень холестерина), благодаря своим хелатирующим свойствам связывают металлы и, тем самым, снижают их концентрацию в крови, защищают организм животных от действия инфекций и токсинов, обеспечивая разрушение патогенной микрофлоры. Гуминовые вещества не только положительно влияют на микрофлору кишечника, ингибируя рост патогенов, но и способствуют увеличению численности полезной микрофлоры, например, молочнокислых бактерий, численность которых в экспериментальных группах увеличивается, по сравнению с контролем, в среднем на 0,5 КОЕ/г. Поскольку их извлекают из различного сырья, при использовании гуминовых веществ в качестве кормовых добавок необходимо учитывать их происхождение, структуру, а также способы добавления к рациону.

Les associations de premelanges contenant des antibiotiques sont utiles et courantes, sans connaissance pleine et entiere de leurs effets. Depuis deux ans, en raison de l’obligation pour les fabricants d’aliments medicamenteux de declarer les cessions d’antibiotiques, mais aussi grace a une analyse des connaissances actuelles sur les interactions physico-chimiques et pharmacologiques, les prescriptions de ces associations restent pertinentes dans certains cas. Elles doivent neanmoins etre mesurees, en prenant egalement en compte le contexte global d’usage de l’antibiotherapie.

National audience; Les associations de premelanges contenant des antibiotiques sont utiles et courantes, sans connaissance pleine et entiere de leurs effets. Depuis deux ans, en raison de l’obligation pour les fabricants d’aliments medicamenteux de declarer les cessions d’antibiotiques, mais aussi grace a une analyse des connaissances actuelles sur les interactions physico-chimiques et pharmacologiques, les prescriptions de ces associations restent pertinentes dans certains cas. Elles doivent neanmoins etre mesurees, en prenant egalement en compte le contexte global d’usage de l’antibiotherapie.

В статье представлены результаты отложения микроэлементов (Fe и Cu) в органах и тканях молодняка кроликов. Установлено, что добавление Cu в количестве 5 и более мг на голову в сутки способствует увеличению её содержания только в почках, добавление 20 мг Fe на голову в сутки приводит к увеличению его содержания в почках, сердце и тазобедренных мышцах, а 30 мг и в печени., The article presents the results of the deposition of trace elements (Fe and Cu) in organs and tissues of young rabbits. It was found that the addition of Cu in an amount of 5 mg or more per head per day increases its content only in the kidneys, the addition of 20 mg Fe per head per day leads to an increase in its content in the kidneys, heart and hip muscles, and 30 mg in the liver., Естественные и технические науки, Выпуск 7 (133) 2020

Premixes prepared on the base of microelements and glutamine acid-containing chelate citrates and their composites with natural zeolite, clinoptilolite were tested in mixed feed for rabbits. Optimal composition and quantity of chelate microelements were determined on the base of test and major experiments. To study more thoroughly the results of the experiments the control slaughter was performed in 120 day old rabbits. Live mass indices of the first experimental group animals (when mixed feed was balanced with the premix that contained microelements and the composites of glutamine acid chelate citrates and clinoptilolite) slaughtered at 120 day age exceeded those of the 2nd (when mixed feed was balanced with premix that contained microelements and glutamine acid chelate citrates) and those of the control group (which was given the fodder used commonly at the farm) by 0.15 and 0.45 kg, respectively. As to the index of slaughter weight, here again the animals of the first experimental group occupied the leading position and this index equaled to 55,07%, that of the second group was- 54.54%, while that of the control group - 51,7%. Meat coefficient index in the first experimental group was 3,11, in the second group - 2,95, and in the control one - 2,89. Study of masses of inner bodies of rabbits after their slaughter showed that the animals of the first experimental group were distinguished by the best indices while the animals of the control group showed the least indices. For more profound study of meat productivity we investigated chemical characteristics of rabbit meat: water, fat, protein and ash. It was proved that here again the animals of the first experimental group show comparative advantage. Fat index in the meat of animals of the first experimental group equaled to 9,2% and exceeded the fat indices of the meat of animals of the second and control groups by 1,4 and 2,1%, while the fat index of animals of the second experimental group exceeded that of the control group by 0,7%. Water and protein were fixed in greater quantity in the meat of the control group animals which is logical. Study of skin-and-fur quality, after slaughter of rabbits, proved that here, again comparative advantage was shown by the animals of the first experimental group. Indices of the animals of the second experimental group exceed those of the control one, but legged behind those of the first group.