251 results on '"paratuberculose"'
Search Results
52. Sero-prevalence of Bovine Johne's disease in buffaloes and cattle population of North India using indigenous ELISA kit based on native Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis ‘Bison type’ genotype of goat origin
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Singh, S.V., Singh, A.V., Singh, R., Sharma, S., Shukla, N., Misra, S., Singh, P.K., Sohal, J.S., Kumar, H., Patil, P.K., Misra, P., and Sandhu, K.S.
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PARATUBERCULOSIS , *CATTLE diseases , *WATER buffalo , *SERUM , *DISEASES - Abstract
Abstract: Present pilot study is the first attempt in the country to estimate sero-prevalence of Bovine Johne''s disease (BJD) by screening cattle and buffaloes representing large population belonging to farmer''s and farm herds in the home tracts (Uttar Pradesh (UP) and Punjab) of Hariana cattle and Murrah buffaloes in North India. Indigenous and in-house plate ELISA kit (using protoplasmic antigen from native Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis ‘Bison type’ strain of goat origin), originally developed for goats and sheep was standardized in bovines and used for screening. For this study, 33 villages of south and west UP were randomly selected and surveyed from 2001 to 2003. There were 7943 farmer''s families having 38,251 livestock, including cattle, buffaloes, goats and sheep (per family 4.8% livestock). Numerically, buffaloes and cattle were 54.7% and 22.1%, respectively. Serum samples were collected from 726 animals (4.2% of 16, 981 livestock with 4375 farmer''s families) located in 33 randomly surveyed villages. Serum samples (699), submitted to Epidemiology Department of Veterinary College (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana), in the year 2004 by farmer''s and organized farm herds (Buffaloes, 372, Cattle, 327), were screened by this ELISA kit. Soluble protoplasmic antigen was prepared from Map (S 5) ‘Bison type’ strain isolated from a terminally sick goat with Johne''s disease. Of the total 1425 bovine (Buffaloes and cattle) serum samples screened using indigenous ELISA kit, sero-prevalence of Johne''s disease was 29.0% (28.6% in buffalo and 29.8% in cattle) in Northern India. State-wise sero-prevalence was 31.9% and 23.3% in UP and Punjab, respectively. In UP, of the 601 randomly sampled buffaloes, sero-prevalence was 40.3% (16.6% in young and 40.9% adults) and 25.5% (10.5% in young and 26.3% adults) in south and west UP, respectively. Of the 125 cattle screened, sero-prevalence was 42.6% (nil in young and 44.4% adults) and 30.0% (nil in young and 30.6% adults) in south and west UP, respectively. Of the 699 serum samples screened from Ludhiana, Punjab, sero-prevalence of BJD was 23.0%. Sero-prevalence was 23.3% (12.1% in young and 24.4% in adults) and 26.9% (27.2% in young and 26.8% in adults) in buffaloes and cattle, respectively. High prevalence of BJD in buffaloes in native tract of Murrah breed, and Hariana breed of cattle correlated with poor per-animal productivity and BJD may be the major cause. Indigenous ELISA kit was rapid, economic and sensitive test for large-scale screening of buffaloes and cattle population against incurable BJD. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2008
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53. Identification of new antigen candidates for the early diagnosis of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection in goats
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Armel Souriau, Benjamin Foret, Laurence Guilloteau, Sandrine Freret, Douwe Bakker, Peter Willemsen, Infectiologie Animale et Santé Publique - IASP (Nouzilly, France), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Physiologie de la reproduction et des comportements [Nouzilly] (PRC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Department of Infection Biology, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Wageningen University and Research Center (WUR), Buitenplaats, European Commission (Sixth Framework Programme) in the ParaTB Tools project, FOOD-CT-2006-023106, Infectiologie et Santé Publique (UMR ISP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours (UT), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours, and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
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0301 basic medicine ,Paratuberculosis ,law.invention ,0403 veterinary science ,law ,Immunologie ,IFN-γ ,Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis ,Johne's disease ,Antigen ,Early diagnosis ,Goat ,biology ,Goats ,Bacteriologie ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Bacteriology, Host Pathogen Interaction & Diagnostics ,Lipids ,Recombinant Proteins ,3. Good health ,Recombinant DNA ,[SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology ,Early phase ,Autre (Sciences du Vivant) ,[SDV.OT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Other [q-bio.OT] ,040301 veterinary sciences ,Immunology ,Tuberculin ,Interferon-gamma ,03 medical and health sciences ,Immune system ,medicine ,Animals ,paratuberculose ,caprin ,antigène ,Host Pathogen Interaction & Diagnostics ,Antigens, Bacterial ,Goat Diseases ,General Veterinary ,Bacteriology ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,Virology ,Host Pathogen Interactie & Diagnostiek ,030104 developmental biology ,Bacteriologie, Host Pathogen Interactie & Diagnostiek ,Herd ,infectiologie ,Interferon-gamma Release Tests ,Mycobacterium - Abstract
International audience; Currently Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) infection is diagnosed through indirect tests based on the immune response induced by the infection. The antigens commonly used in IFN-γ release assays (IGRA) are purified protein derivative tuberculins (PPD). However, PPDs, lack both specificity (Sp) and sensitivity (Se) in the early phase of infection. This study investigated the potential of 16 MAP recombinant proteins and five lipids to elicit the release of IFN-γ in goats from herds with or without a history of paratuberculosis. Ten recombinant proteins were selected as potential candidates for the detection of MAP infection in young goats. They were found to detect 25 to 75% of infected shedder (IS) and infected non-shedder (INS) kids younger than 10 months of age. In comparison, PPD was shown to detect only 10% of INS and no IS kids. For seven antigens, Se (21–33%) and Sp (≥ 90%) of IGRA were shown to be comparable with PPD at 20 months old. Only three antigens were suitable candidates to detect IS adult goats, although Se was lower than that obtained with PPD. In paratuberculosis-free herds, IGRA results were negative in 97% of indoor goats and 86% of outdoor goats using the 10 antigens. However, 22 to 44% of one-year-old outdoor goats were positive suggesting that they may be infected. In conclusion, this study showed that ten MAP recombinant proteins are potential candidates for early detection of MAP infected goats. Combining these antigens could form a possible set of MAP antigens to optimize the Se of caprine IGRA.
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- 2017
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54. Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis enters the small intestinal mucosa of goat kids in areas with and without Peyer's patches as demonstrated with the everted sleeve method
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Sigurðardóttir, Ólöf G., Bakke-McKellep, Anne Marie, Djønne, Berit, and Evensen, Øystein
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PARATUBERCULOSIS , *SMALL intestine , *EPITHELIUM , *MYCOBACTERIUM , *MUCOUS membranes - Abstract
Abstract: The main lesions of paratuberculosis in ruminants are in the small intestine. Previous studies have shown that the bacterium enters the small intestine through M cells found in the follicle-associated epithelium lining the domes of the Peyer''s patches. The everted sleeve method, devised for the in vitro study of intestinal absorption, was used in this study to investigate the uptake of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in goat intestine. Everted small intestinal sleeves of goat kids, prepared from areas with and without Peyer''s patches, were incubated for 60min in 3H-labeled bacterial solution. The results of this study imply that the bacteria can enter the intestinal mucosa of the jejunum, both in areas with and without Peyer''s patches. These findings indicate, therefore, that M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis bacteria not only enter through M cells but also through enterocytes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2005
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55. Erstnachweis der intrauterinen übertragung von Paratuberkulose bei Rot- und Gamswild.
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Deutz, A., Spergser, J., Rosengarten, R., and Köfer, J.
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Copyright of Zeitschrift für Jagdwissenschaft is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2003
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56. Interaction between Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis and those causing bovine mastitis, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae, in bovine mammary gland epithelial cell line
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Pena, Junnia Luísa, Silva Júnior, Abelardo, Schwarz, David Germano Gonçalves, and Moreira, Maria Aparecida Scatamburlo
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Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis ,Glândulas mamárias ,Paratuberculose ,Reação em cadeia de polimerase ,Células epiteliais ,Bovinos - Doenças ,Mastite ,Coinfecção ,Medicina Veterinária Preventiva - Abstract
O estudo do agente etiológico da paratuberculose em ruminantes, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), tem ganhado expressiva importância no cenário científico nas últimas décadas. Contudo, ainda existe uma carência significativa em relação ao conhecimento do comprometimento de determinados órgãos acometidos. Dentre esses, seu papel na glândula mamária ainda é incompreendido, embora suspeita-se que MAP não tenha relação direta com a mastite, mesmo sendo eliminado no leite, a qual é a 2a via de eliminação desta bactéria. Neste estudo, foi avaliado a influência de MAP em cocultura com as principais bactérias causadoras de mastite bovina, Staphylococcus aureus e Streptococcus agalactiae, em células epiteliais mamárias (MAC-T) em diferentes tempos. Foram realizados ensaios de internalização bacteriana, contagem de colônias, ensaios moleculares e avaliação da viabilidade das células MAC-Ts. Os resultados demonstraram que a presença de MAP dentro das células MAC-T, confirmada pelos ensaios moleculares de qPCR, não favoreceu a internalização de S. agalactiae, mas favoreceu a internalização de S. aureus significativamente no tempo 30 minutos. Os ensaios de viabilidade celular realizados pelo teste de MTT (brometo 3 - [4,5-dimetil-tiazol - 2-il] - 2,5 - difenil-tetrazólio), confirmaram que durante os ensaios de internalização, as células MAC-T se apresentaram viáveis, evidenciando que o processo de internalização não foi influenciado pela morte celular e sim pela presença de MAP, S. aureus e S. agalactiae. Esses resultados confirmam a existência da interação entre MAP e os agentes clássicos causadores da mastite bovina S. aureus e S. agalactiae, favorecendo internalização de S. aureus e não influenciando a invasão de S. agalactiae durantes os ensaios de internalização bacteriana em células da glândula mamária bovina – MAC-T. The study of the etiological agent of paratuberculosis in ruminants, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), has gained significant importance in the scientific scenario in recent decades. However, there is still a significant lack in relation to the knowledge of the involvement of certain affected organs. Among these, its role in the mammary gland is still misunderstood, although it is suspected that MAP is not directly related to mastitis, even though it is eliminated in milk, which is the second route of elimination of this bacterium. In this study, the influence of MAP on coculture with the main bacteria causing bovine mastitis, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae, on mammary epithelial cells (MAC-T) at different times was evaluated. Bacterial internalization, colony counts, molecular assays and viability evaluation of MAC-Ts cells were performed. The results demonstrated that the presence of MAP within the MAC-T cells, confirmed by the molecular assays of qPCR, did not favor the internalization of S. agalactiae, but favored the internalization of S. aureus significantly in the time 30 minutes. Cell viability assays performed by the MTT test (3 - [4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl] -2,5- diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide) confirmed that during the internalization assays, were found to be viable, evidencing that the internalization process was not influenced by cell death but by the presence of MAP, S. aureus and S. agalactiae. These results confirm the existence of the interaction between MAP and the classic causative agents of bovine mastitis S. aureus and S. agalactiae, favoring the internalization of S. aureus and not influencing the invasion of S. agalactiae during the bacterial internalization tests in cells of the gland bovine mammary - MAC-T.
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- 2019
57. Interaction of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis with bovine sperm cells and correlation with complex 85 membrane proteins
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Albuquerque, Jéssica Lobo, Silva Junior, Abelardo, Schwarz, David Germano Gonçalves, Caliman, Sanely Lourenço da Costa, and Moreira, Maria Aparecida Scatamburlo
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Ruminantes ,Paratuberculose ,Sêmen ,Medicina Veterinária Preventiva - Abstract
A bactéria Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) é o agente responsável pela doença de Johne ou paratuberculose caracterizada por uma enterite crônica, levando à diminuição da produção, descarte de animais, desordens reprodutivas e susceptibilidade a outras doenças, principalmente em ruminantes. Possui o complexo de antígenos 85, constituída por três proteínas 85A, 85B e 85C, presentes no envelope externo, responsável por ligar-se a fibronectina da célula hospedeira. MAP consegue sobreviver às baixas temperaturas da criopreservação, no entanto pouco se sabe da sua viabilidade e sua interação com os espermatozoides, de como esta bacteria pode alterar a viabilidade do material genético antes e pós- congelamento. Assim, este estudo propôs determinar características do espermatozoide bovino na presença de MAP e sua viabilidade pós congelamento bem como estudar esta interação. Foi utilizado um bovino apto para a reprodução para coleta de sêmen e foi inoculado concentrações de baixa e alta carga bacteriana de MAP, avaliando-se quanto a motilidade e vigor, potencial da atividade mitocondrial antes e pós congelamento, e interação de MAP com as células espermáticas através de microscopia de varredura. Além disso foi avaliado a viabilidade de diferentes concentrações de MAP pós congelamento. Foram produzidos anticorpos a partir de proteínas do complexo 85 de MAP (85A e 85B) e utilizados nestas análises. Foi possível determinar a viabilidade de MAP após a criopreservação em amostras de concentrações maiores, o que demonstra o potencial de transmissão deste patógeno através da inseminação artificial (IA). Observou-se que o sêmen bovino na presença de MAP apresenta diminuição na motilidade e vigor proporcional a concentração de MAP e que proteínas de membrana de MAP, 85A e 85B, podem estar relacionados a interação/adesão com as células espermáticas, que ocorre na cauda do espermatozoide principalmente na peça intermediaria. The bacteria Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) is Johne's disease or paratuberculosis agent characterized by chronic enteritis, leading to decreased production, animal discard, reproductive disorders and susceptibility to other diseases, especially in ruminants. It has the complex 85 antigen, consisting of three proteins 85A, 85B and 85C, present in the external envelope, responsible for binding to fibronectin of the host cell. MAP can survive the low temperatures of cryopreservation, however little is known about its viability and its interaction with sperm, how this bacterium can alter the viability of the genetic material before and after freezing. Thus, this study proposed to determine characteristics of bovine spermatozoa in the presence of MAP and its viability after freezing as well as to study this interaction. A bovine was used for semen collection and low and high bacterial MAP concentrations were inoculated, evaluating the motility and vigor, potential mitochondrial activity before and after freezing, and MAP interaction with the cells spermatozoa by scanning microscopy. In addition, the viability of different concentrations of MAP after freezing was evaluated. Antibodies were produced from MAP complex 85 (85A and 85B) proteins and used in this analyzes. It was possible to determine the viability of MAP after cryopreservation in samples of higher concentrations, which demonstrates the potential of transmission of this pathogen through AI. It was observed that bovine semen in the presence of MAP shows decrease in motility and vigor proportional to MAP concentration and that MAP membrane proteins, 85A and 85B, may be related to the interaction / adhesion with sperm cells, which occurs in spermatozoa intermediate piece.
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- 2019
58. PCR quantitative appliquée à des mélanges de fèces pour le diagnostic de la paratuberculose caprine : comparaison de deux méthodes de préparation des échantillons
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Tropée, Alliaume, Prévot, Camille, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse - ENVT (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE)
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Médecine vétérinaire et santé animal ,Ovins$aMélange de fèces ,PCR quantitative ,Sensibilité ,Paratuberculose ,Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis ,Caprins - Abstract
Le développement d’approches diagnostiques peu coûteuses, adaptées aux grand effectifs des troupeaux ovins ou caprins permettrait d’améliorer le dépistage de la paratuberculose chez les petits ruminants. L’objectif de cette étude était de comparer deux méthodes de préparation des échantillons de fèces afin d’optimiser la sensibilité de la qPCR appliquée à des mélanges d’échantillons. Des mélanges ont été réalisés à partir d’échantillons de fèces ovins et caprins caractérisés individuellement comme issus d’animaux faiblement excréteurs de Mycobacterium avium spp. paratuberculosis, selon plusieurs facteurs de variations : techniques de mélanges (fèces en phase solide ou liquide), taille des mélanges (5 ou 10 échantillons) et nombre d’échantillons positifs dans le mélange (1, 2 ou 4). L’homogénéité des résultats de qPCR n’est pas apparue améliorée par la réalisation de mélanges en phase liquide. Les estimateurs de sensibilité de la qPCR appliquée à des mélanges de fèces en phase liquide apparaissent cependant satisfaisants, variant de 69,5% (mélange 1/5) à 100% (mélange 4/10). Dans ces conditions, l’application de la qPCR à des mélanges de fèces apparait prometteuse dans le cadre de programmes de dépistage de la paratuberculose à l’échelle collective.
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- 2019
59. Vaccination contre la paratuberculose bovine : situation épidémiologique dans 8 élevages bovins laitiers de la Meuse
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Duret, Jérémy, Baldet, Kévin, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse - ENVT (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE)
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qPCR ,Médecine vétérinaire et santé animal ,Sérologie ELISA ,Bovins ,Vaccination ,Paratuberculose ,Excrétion fécale - Abstract
L’objectif principal de ce travail était d’évaluer les effets du vaccin Silirum® sur le statut sérologique et l’excrétion fécale de Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis (Map), dans le cadre des plans de lutte contre la paratuberculose bovine dans la Meuse. Le statut sérologique (ELISA) et l’excrétion fécale (qPCR) ont été évalués de manière longitudinale à plusieurs reprises sur une période de 1 an chez 486 vaches laitières (249 non vaccinés et 237 vaccinés) âgées de 4 à 6 ans dans 8 élevages infectés de la Meuse. Les résultats des analyses sérologiques indiquent que l'intensité de la réponse humorale post-vaccinale est non constante, seuls 36.3% des bovins vaccinés étant séropositifs. Par ailleurs, un fort effet de l’âge à la vaccination a été mis en évidence, qui reste à investiguer. Concernant l’excrétion fécale, nos résultats n’ont pas permis de conclure à un effet de la vaccination ni à quelconque différentiel lié à l’âge à la vaccination
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- 2019
60. ACTUALITIÉS SUR LA PARATUBERCULOSE BOVINE.
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Brugère-Picoux, Jeanne
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- 2012
61. Rôle des amibes dans la transmission des infections mycobactériennes chez les ruminants ?
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Samba-Louaka, Ascel, Robino, Etienne, Cochard, Thierry, BRANGER, Maxime, Delafont, Vincent, Aucher, Willy, Wambeke, Wilfrid, Bannantine, John P., Boschiroli, María Laura, Moyen, Jean Louis, Héchard, Yann, Biet, Franck, Ecologie et biologie des interactions (EBI), Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Infectiologie et Santé Publique (UMR ISP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours, USDA-ARS : Agricultural Research Service, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Laboratoire Départemental d'Analyse et de Recherche de Dordogne, ProdInra, Migration, and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours (UT)
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[SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology ,Amibe ,[SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology ,eau ,Tuberculose ,Paratuberculose ,[SDV.MP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,Faune sauvage ,[SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology ,Environnement - Abstract
National audience
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- 2018
62. Utilisation des analyses en mélanges pour l'évaluation et le suivi du statut sanitaire des troupeaux : application à la paratuberculose des ovins
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Mathevon, Yoann, Interactions hôtes-agents pathogènes [Toulouse] (IHAP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, Gilles Foucras, Fabien Corbière, and STAR, ABES
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Ovin ,[SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health ,Dépistage ,Paratuberculosis ,[SDV.BA.MVSA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health ,Pooled sample annalysis ,ELISA ,Analyses de mélange ,Sceening ,Paratuberculose ,Ovine ,QPCR - Abstract
Paratuberculosis is a contagious enzootic disease in ruminants caused byMycobacteriumavium ssp. paratuberculosis (Map). The long incubation period and the low informative values of antemortem diagnostic tests limit the effectiveness of control plans. In large sheep flocks, exhaustive individual testing is unfeasible and control plansmainly focus on vaccination, the effects of which have not yet been evaluated in French flocks. Using blood and feces samples from nearly 4000 ewes in 30 sheep flocks from the French department of Lot, the diagnostic performances of two serum ELISA and one fecal qPCR kits were estimated using bayesian and frequentist latent class modeling. Our results confirm the low sensitivity and non-perfect specificity of serum ELISA for the detection of subclinically infected animals, while the diagnostic performances of fecal qPCR were better. We also evaluated the relative diagnostic performances of pooled-sample analysis for both tests. Highly qPCR/ELISA positive samples were invariously detected while low positive ones were associated with lower detection rates. The flock-level epidemiological performances of screening strategies based on pooled-sample analysis were evaluated by simulation studies. Pooled serum ELISA appeared lowly specific. Conversely, pooled fecal qPCR appeared promising, allowing the detection of low infection prevalence. Finally, the work carried out in the vaccinated flocks made it possible to better know their epidemiological status and to specify to what extent it could be approached using pooled-sample analysis., La paratuberculose est une maladie enzootique contagieuse des ruminants due à Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (Map). La longue période d'incubation et les faibles performances diagnostiques des tests limitent l'efficacité des plans de maîtrise. Les grands effectifs des troupeaux ovins limitent l'approche par dépistage individuel exhaustif, et les plans de maîtrise s'orientent vers la vaccination, dont les effets n'ont pas été évalués dans les troupeaux français. Á partir d'échantillons de sérum et de fèces de près de 4000 brebis issues de 30 élevages du Lot, les performances diagnostiques de deux trousses sérologiques ELISA et d'une qPCR sur fèces ont été estimées par des modèles à classes latentes bayésiens et fréquentistes. Nos résultats confirment la faible sensibilité et le défaut de spécificité des sérologies ELISA pour la détection des ovins infectés ; la qPCR présentant de meilleures performances diagnostiques. Par ailleurs nous avons évalué les performances diagnostiques relatives des ELISA et de la qPCR appliquées à des mélanges d'échantillons. Dans les deux cas les animaux forts répondeurs étaient détectés de façon systématique, les animaux faiblement positifs étant détectés de façon moins constante. Sur la base de simulations, nous avons évalué les performances des stratégies de dépistage et de suivi basées sur les analyses de mélanges d'échantillons à l'échelle des troupeaux. Alors que la sérologie ELISA est apparue insuffisamment spécifique, l'analyse de mélange de fèces par qPCR semble être une approche prometteuse, permettant de détecter des faibles prévalences d'infection. Enfin les travaux menés dans les troupeaux vaccinés ont précisé dans quelles mesures leur situation épidémiologique pouvait être approchée par l'emploi d'analyses en mélanges.
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- 2018
63. Detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in a cattle/pudu interface
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E. Troncoso, O. A. Aleuy, I. A. Sevilla, and Miguel Salgado
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Veterinary medicine ,spillover ,wildlife ,Population ,Endangered species ,Wildlife ,Paratuberculosis ,Biology ,animais selvagens ,parasitic diseases ,medicine ,Pudú ,paratuberculose ,education ,Dairy cattle ,Wildlife conservation ,lcsh:SF1-1100 ,education.field_of_study ,General Veterinary ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,infection ,paratuberculosis ,repercussão ,infecção ,Map ,Livestock ,lcsh:Animal culture ,business - Abstract
Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map) is the etiological agent of paratuberculosis. In Chile, information about Map isolation from both domestic ruminant and wildlife species has been accumulating, but it has to be extended to other species. The present study focuses specifically on one wild grazing species, the pudu (Pudu puda), one of the less known South American deer considered an endangered species that shares pastures with cattle in southern Chile, where the greatest part of the country's dairy cattle population is located. Convenient samples from 3 pudus were collected from one dairy farm where Map infection had previously been confirmed in cattle. All three pudus shed the bacterium in feces and the isolates are the same type of Map as described for cattle. This study represents the first case report of Map isolation in the pudu captured from the wild. It is also the first documented association between a Map-infected dairy herd and free-ranging wildlife species, such as pudu in the Los Ríos region, Chile. Since interspecies transmission of Map and other pathogens from livestock to pudu has already been demonstrated, the results from this study suggest that this free-ranging wildlife specie, inhabiting a dairy district in southern Chile, might represent another case of spillover host. RESUMOO agente etiológico da paratuberculose é o Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map). No Chile, já foi gerada informação do isolamento do Map em ruminantes domésticos e em algumas espécies selvagens, porém essa informação deve ser expandida a outras espécies. O presente estudo está focado na espécie selvagem herbívora, o Pudu (Pudu puda), que é considerado um dos cervos menos conhecidos da América do Sul, e que está em extinção. Essa espécie compartilha as pastagens com o gado no sul do Chile, local do país onde está concentrada a maior parte do rebanho leiteiro. Foram obtidas amostras de 3 pudus de uma fazenda de gado leiteiro, onde previamente havia sido confirmada a infecção por Map em bovinos. Os três pudus eliminavam a bactéria nas fezes, e os isolados fecais foram do mesmo tipo do Map relatado para os bovinos. Este estudo representa o primeiro relato de caso de isolamento do Map em pudu em vida silvestre. Também é a primeira associação documentada entre um rebanho leiteiro infectado com Map e a infecção de uma espécie silvestre de vida livre, tal como o pudu na região de Los Ríos, no Chile. A transmissão interespécies do Map, do mesmo modo que de outros patógenos de ruminantes para o pudu, já foi demonstrada, assim os resultados deste estudo sugerem que essa espécie de vida extensiva, que habita a mesma região leiteira no sul do Chile, pode representar mais um caso de repercussão ao hospedeiro.
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- 2015
64. Rectal biopsy for the diagnosis of paratuberculosis in buffaloes
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Rinaldo Aparecido Mota, Pedro Soares Bezerra Júnior, Marilene de Farias Brito, Daniel G. Ubiali, José Diomedes Barbosa, Rômulo Cerqueira Leite, Antônio Augusto Fonseca Júnior, and Alessandra dos Santos Belo Reis
- Subjects
lcsh:Veterinary medicine ,General Veterinary ,Diagnóstico ,Brasil ,doença de Johne ,rectal biopsy ,Diagnóstico veterinário ,Paratuberculose ,Biópsia retal ,biópsia retal ,búfalos ,Doença de Johne ,paratuberculosis ,buffaloes ,Diagnosis ,Búfalo ,lcsh:SF600-1100 ,paratuberculose ,Johne's disease ,São Mateus - Ma ,Brazil ,Maranhão - Estado - Abstract
Resumo: Foram realizadas biópsias retais de 140 búfalos, machos e fêmeas, das raças Murrah e mestiços de Murrah com Mediterrâneo, com idade acima de três anos, em uma propriedade no município de São Mateus, Maranhão, Brasil. Adicionalmente foram realizadas necropsias de 11 búfalos, para realizar um estudo comparativo entre os achados das biópsias retais e de tecidos de íleo e linfonodo mesentérico. A propriedade apresentava histórico de animais com emagrecimento progressivo e diarreia não responsiva a antimicrobianos. Os búfalos apresentavam sinais clínicos caracterizados por diarreia, estado nutricional regular a ruim, desidratação e edema submandibular. Nas biópsias retais seis búfalos apresentaram lesões sugestivas da paratuberculose na Hematoxilina-Eosina (HE), sendo estas caracterizadas por inflamação granulomatosa multifocal moderada na lâmina própria com macrófagos epitelioides. Em quatro animais foram observadas adicionalmente células gigantes do tipo Langhans. Em 15 búfalos foi observado infiltrado linfocitário multifocal leve na lâmina própria. Pela coloração de Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN), 4,3% (6/140) apresentaram bacilos álcool-ácido resistentes (BAAR) e na PCR em tempo real (qPCR), 5,71% (7/140) tiveram amplificação do material genético. Foram necropsiados 11 búfalos, à necropsia foram observados aumento de linfonodos mesentéricos com áreas esbranquiçadas na superfície de corte; intestino delgado e grosso com dobras transversais evidentes, mucosa espessada e irregular, de aspecto reticulado, placas de Peyer evidentes e conteúdo líquido e marrom. Ainda se viam áreas espessadas em torno da válvula ileocecal e vasos linfáticos evidentes. As lesões histológicas localizadas no intestino delgado e linfonodos mesentéricos de quatro búfalos foram compatíveis com lesões já descritas na literatura, e apresentaram BAAR e amplificação de material genético na qPCR. A concordância entre a biópsia retal e a análise dos tecidos de íleo e linfonodo mesentérico, segundo o teste Kappa (K=0,792), foi alta. A biópsia retal realizada demonstrou ser promissora e pode ser empregada, juntamente com outras técnicas, para auxiliar no diagnóstico ante mortem em búfalos de rebanhos com suspeita de paratuberculose; pela mesma foi possível detectar animais positivos através da coloração de ZN e qPCR. Os resultados obtidos podem ser utilizados no controle da enfermidade para selecionar e eliminar animais positivos do rebanho, diminuindo gradualmente, a disseminação do agente no ambiente, e a consequente contaminação de outros animais. Abstract: Paratuberculosis in a herd of buffaloes was studied in the municipality of São Mateus, Maranhão, Brazil. Rectal biopsies were performed in 140 male and female Murrah, Mediterranean and crossbreed buffaloes older than 3 years. Postmortem examination of 11 buffaloes was performed to compare the rectal biopsies with possible lesions in mesenteric nodes and the intestine. The history of the herd and clinical examination revealed progressive weight loss and non-responsive antimicrobial diarrhea, dehydration and submandibular edema. Rectal biopsies showed in six buffaloes microscopically suggestive lesions for paratuberculosis through hematoxilin-eosin staining (HE), characterized by moderate multifocal granulomatous enteritis with epithelioid cell infiltration. In four buffaloes Langhans giant cells were found. In 15 buffaloes lymphocytic infiltrate was observed in the lamina propria of the large intestine. Ziehl-Neelsen staining (ZN) revealed in 4.3% (6/140) acid-fast bacilli in the rectal mucosa. Real time PCR amplified to 5.71% (7/140) Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map) DNA. 11 buffalos were submitted to postmortem examination, gross examination revealed augmented mesenteric nodes with whitish areas in the cut surface. The mucosa of the small intestine was irregular and thickened, with evident traverse folds and Peyer plates. The brownish intestinal content was fluid, the ileocecal valve area thickened and edematous with evident lymphatic vessels. Histological lesions in the mesenteric lymph node and small intestine four buffalo were compatible with those already described in the literature, and presented acid-fast bacilli by ZN staining and amplification of Map genetic material in qPCR. The concordance between the rectal biopsy and the postmortem samples was in agreement with the Kappa test (K=0.792) and was considered substantial or high. The rectal biopsy showed to be promising and can be used by practitioners, together with other techniques, for antemortem diagnosis in buffalo herds suspected to be affected by paratuberculosis. Samples obtained by rectal biopsy were suitable for ZN staining and real time PCR. Rectal biopsy can be used as a tool for diagnosis and control of Johne´s disease in buffaloes to select and eliminate positive animals within the herd and decrease gradually the spread of Map.
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- 2015
65. Analyse de l’expression génique des macrophages bovins face à la maladie de Johne et leur réponse à l’infection in vitro par Mycobacterium avium sous-espèce paratuberculosis
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Bissonnette, Nathalie, Ariel, Olivier, Gévry, Nicolas, Bissonnette, Nathalie, Ariel, Olivier, and Gévry, Nicolas
- Abstract
Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP) est l’agent pathogène responsable de la maladie de Johne qui est aussi connue sous le nom de paratuberculose. Cette maladie affecte principalement les ruminants, mais également d’autres animaux d’élevages et sauvages. Les mécanismes de pathogenèse de la paratuberculose sont toujours peu compris, mais il est connu que MAP est capable de s’évader du système immunitaire de son hôte pendant plusieurs années en utilisant les macrophages comme réservoir principal. L’effet de MAP dans l’infection des macrophages est souvent étudié en utilisant des vaches saines ou encore infectées de façon expérimentale, mais les études sur l’effet à long terme de la paratuberculose en étudiant les macrophages de vaches atteintes sont manquantes. Dans mon projet, le transcriptome de macrophages primaires dérivés des monocytes circulants infectés in vitro par MAP a été analysé par séquençage haut débit de l’ARN (RNA-seq). Des différences importantes dans les interactions hôtes-pathogènes ont été observées dans les signatures d’expression génique des vaches diagnostiquées comme négatives ou positives. Ces modifications mettent en lumière la mise en place de processus durables dans l’établissement de la paratuberculose. Les modifications clés observées lors de mon projet sont un débalancement immunométabolique, un changement dans l’homéostasie du cholestérol et des lipides intracellulaires, ainsi qu’un patron d’expression génique associé à l’établissement d’une tolérance mémoire chez les macrophages. En effet, les résultats obtenus lors de ce projet consolident l’hypothèse selon laquelle MAP pourrait induire un état de type tolérance dans les monocytes sanguins périphériques circulants lorsqu’ils se différencient en macrophages. De ce fait, MAP pourrait promouvoir davantage la persistance de la maladie en influençant le comportement des macrophages à long terme. Cette étude contribue à
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- 2017
66. Paratuberculose (PTB) nos bovinos leiteiros na ilha de São Miguel, Açores: diagnóstico laboratorial e identificação de fatores de risco
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Flores, João Miguel Vieira, Coelho, Ana Cláudia Correia, and Pinto, Carlos Augusto
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579.62(469.9)(043) ,Fatores de risco ,636.2.09(469.9)(043) ,616.24-002.5(469.9)(043) ,Diagnóstico laboratorial ,Paratuberculose ,Bovinae ,Ilha de São Miguel (Açores, Portugal) - Abstract
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária A paratuberculose é uma infeção crónica causada por Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map). As principais espécies afetadas são os ruminantes, provocando diarreia crónica e perda de condição corporal. Ao nível da exploração traduz-se em redução da produção leiteira e abate prematuro com redução do valor da carcaça. A principal via de infeção é a via feco-oral, estando mais suscetíveis a infeção os animais com menos de um ano de idade. Esta dissertação focou-se no diagnóstico e identificação fatores de risco da paratuberculose em explorações de bovinos da ilha de São Miguel no arquipélago dos Açores. Realizou-se o estudo de três casos, dois sobre o diagnóstico laboratorial de paratuberculose por métodos diretos e indiretos, e um de identificação de fatores de risco em explorações com casos confirmados de paratuberculose. A identificação de fatores de risco da paratuberculose foi feita através da aplicação de um inquérito. Foram inquiridas 11 explorações e foi avaliada a presença de 4 fatores de risco. “Contacto com fezes de adultos no pós-parto” foi identificado em 11 explorações. “Contacto com fezes de adultos antes do desmame” foi identificado em 3 explorações. “Contacto com fezes de adultos após o desmame” foi identificado numa exploração. “Movimento de animais entre explorações” foi identificado em 6 explorações. O diagnóstico laboratorial por métodos diretos foi feito através de cultura e PCR em tempo real IS900 sobre 72 amostras de fezes colhidas no matadouro e explorações da ilha. Por PCR todas as amostras tiveram resultado positivo. O método de cultura obteve isolamento de Map em 27 amostras, confirmadas posteriormente por PCR em tempo real f57. O diagnóstico laboratorial por métodos indiretos foi feito através de ELISA em amostras de sangue colhidas durante um rastreio a uma unidade epidemiológica. Foram rastreados 71 animais, dos quais 11 obtiveram resultado positivo. Calculou-se a seropositividade em 16% e a prevalência real em 27%. Foi diagnosticada paratuberculose e identificados fatores de risco em explorações espalhadas por toda a ilha. Esta continua, portanto, a ser uma problemática que requer a atenção do proprietário e veterinário responsável de forma a ser possível o seu controlo. Paratuberculosis is a chronical infection caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map). The main species affected by this disease are ruminants. It causes chronic diarrhea and loss of body weight. It produces loss of revenue in the form of reduced milk production and premature culling, with decreased culled cow weight. Transmission occurs mainly through the fecal-oral route, being more susceptible to infection animals less than a year old. This dissertation focused on diagnosis and identification of risk factors of paratuberculosis in bovine herds located in the island of São Miguel in the Azores. Three case studies were carried out, two on laboratory assisted diagnosis of paratuberculosis through direct and indirect methods, and one on the identification of risk factors in herds with confirmed cases of paratuberculosis. The identification of risk factors for paratuberculosis was done through a survey. Eleven herds were surveyed and it was evaluated the presence of four risk factors. “Contact with adult feces in the postpartum” was identified in 11 herds. “Contact with adult feces of pre-weaning animals” was identified in 3 herds. “Contact with adult feces of post-weaning animals” was identified in one herd. “Movement of animals between herds” was identified in 6 herds. Laboratory assisted diagnosis by direct methods was achieved through culture and real time PCR IS900 of 72 samples of feces collected in the slaughterhouse and herds of the island. In the PCR method, all samples had positive result. In the culture method, there was isolation of Map in 27 samples, confirmed afterwards by real time PCR f57. Laboratory assisted diagnosis by indirect methods was achieved through ELISA. The blood samples were collected during a screening of an epidemiological unit. Seventy-one animals were screened, of which 11 were positive to paratuberculosis. Seropositivity was 16% and the calculated real prevalence was 27%. Paratuberculosis was diagnosed and risk factors were found in herds from all around the island. This remains a problem requiring attention from the herd owner and veterinary responsible for it, so there can be a better control of the disease.
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- 2017
67. Paratuberculosis: new histopathological findings in red deer (Cervus elaphus) and fallow deer (Dama dama) in Chile
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María José Navarrete-Talloni, Esteban Reyes Lobão-Tello, and Enrique Paredes Herbach
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0301 basic medicine ,Veterinary medicine ,040301 veterinary sciences ,Dama damam ,pratuberculosis ,Dama dama ,030106 microbiology ,gamo ,Paratuberculosis ,Cervus elaphus ,Ileum ,Biology ,Paratuberculose ,0403 veterinary science ,03 medical and health sciences ,parasitic diseases ,medicine ,Mesenteric lymph nodes ,Lymph node ,lcsh:Veterinary medicine ,General Veterinary ,veado vermelho ,veado ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,medicine.disease ,Small intestine ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,deer ,MAP ,lcsh:SF600-1100 ,Thickening ,Lymph ,Red deer ,fallow deer ,Mycobacterium avium - Abstract
Paratuberculosis is a disease caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) that affects domestic and wild ruminants. The most common gross lesions are emaciation and corrugation and thickening of the mucosa of the small intestine. Mesenteric lymph nodes might be enlarged. For the present study, 14 red deer and 9 fallow deer from game reserves or venison farms were analyzed. The lesions found correspond to those found by other authors in other geographic locations, except for some differences in histopathological examinations. Among these differences, stands out that intestinal lesions were concentrated mostly in the ileum and granulomas were shown to be more frequent in this section of the intestine than in the corresponding lymph node. Furthermore, in multibacillary lesions the inflammatory infiltrate in the lymph nodes was mainly composed of macrophages. These differences may be due to individual variations of the animals, the stage of disease or a different strain of the pathogen. This study allowed to obtain basic information about the disease and to describe patterns of lesions found in red deer and fallow deer with prediagnosis of clinical paratuberculosis which were not described in the literature before. RESUMO: Paratuberculosis é uma doença causada por Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) que afecta ruminantes selvagens e domésticos. As lesões macroscópicas mais comuns são ondulação e espessamento da mucosa do intestino delgado. Os linfonodos mesentéricos podem aparecer com volume aumentado. Para este estudo, foram analisados 14 veados vermelhos e 9 veados gamo de reservas de caça e fazendas de carne. As lesões encontradas correspondem à encontrada por outros autores em outras localizações geográficas, com exceção de algumas diferenças no exame histopatológico. Entre essas diferenças, sobressai que as lesões intestinais se concentraram principalmente no íleo, os granulomas ocorreram com maior frequência nesta seção do intestino que no seu correspondente linfonodo. Além disso, nas lesões bacterianas, o infiltrado inflamatório linfonodos linfáticos era composta principalmente por macrófagos. Estas diferenças podem ser devidas a variações individuais dos animais, o estádio da doença ou de uma estirpe diferente do agente patogénico. Este estudo permitiu obter informação básica sobre a doença e descrever padrões de lesões encontradas em veados e em gamos com pré-diagnóstico, de paratuberculosis clínica nunca antes descritas na literatura.
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- 2017
68. Évaluation de l’excrétion fécale de Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis dans les élevages caprins vaccinés contre la paratuberculose
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Joye, Fanny, Ehrhardt, Nicolas, Brisseau, Nadine, Treilles, Michaël, Chartier, Christophe, Biologie, Epidémiologie et analyse de risque en Santé Animale (BIOEPAR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), and Laboratoire d'analyses
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Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis ,PCR ,Fèces ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Vaccination ,Caprin ,Paratuberculose ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,Chèvre ,Excrétion - Abstract
National audience
- Published
- 2017
69. Casos clínicos de paratuberculose em pequenos ruminantes no Distrito de Bragança
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Santos, Ália Joana Albino dos and Coelho, Ana Cláudia Correia
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Doença de Johne ,Ovino ,Doença de Crohn ,636.3.09(043) ,Caprino ,Paratuberculose ,616.34-002(043) ,Mycobacterium avium - Abstract
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária A paratuberculose, também denominada Doença de Johne, é uma doença de natureza infeciosa causada por Mycobacterium avium subespécie paratuberculosis (Map). Os ruminantes são as espécies maioritariamente afetadas, nos quais origina uma enterite crónica granulomatosa. O quadro clínico carateriza-se por um emagrecimento progressivo que pode ser fatal, acompanhado frequentemente de diarreia. O tratamento médico é raramente realizado, pois é dispendioso e pouco eficaz. Por essa razão, a vacinação é considerada o método de controlo mais eficaz. O objetivo deste trabalho consistiu em desenvolver e consolidar os conhecimentos sobre a paratuberculose através do acompanhamento de casos clínicos. Foram utilizados seis casos clínicos, dos quais dois já tinham um diagnóstico laboratorial positivo, nos quais apenas se realizou a vacinação, dois foram casos novos, em que se realizou a recolha de amostras e cujo diagnóstico de paratuberculose foi positivo, finalmente, os outros dois, foram casos em que havia a suspeita, no entanto a paratuberculose foi descartada após as análises laboratoriais. O médico veterinário desempenha um papel muito importante nas explorações. O seu auxílio na suspeita, diagnóstico e tratamento é essencial. É importante que haja uma observação atenta dos animais para detetar os sinais clínicos e em seguida tentar diagnosticar ou descartar a infeção por Map. Nem sempre, apesar do quadro clínico ser compatível, é diagnosticada a paratuberculose. Caso esta seja detetada, a vacinação é o meio de controlo maioritariamente usado. O efeito da vacinação apesar de difícil de avaliar é maioritariamente benéfico. Paratuberculosis, also known as Johne's disease, is an infectious disorder caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (Map). Ruminants are most affected by this disease and as a result they develop a chronic granulomatous enteritis. The clinical presentation is characterized by a progressive weight loss, which can be fatal, often accompanied by diarrhea. Medical treatment is rarely used, because it is expensive and inneficient. For this reason, vaccination is considered the most efficient method of controlling this illness. The aim of this work was to develop and consolidate the knowledge about paratuberculosis, which was achieved by monitoring and describing clinical cases of this disease. Six cases were included in this dissertation, of which two had a previous positive diagnosis of paratuberculosis and only received vaccination, other two were new cases that were submitted to sampling and received a positive diagnosis, and finally, the last two cases were suspected to have this disorder, however the differential diagnosis of paratuberculosis was excluded after laboratory testing. Veterinary practioners play a very important role on farms. Their assistance in suspicion, diagnosis and treatment is essential. It is important to have a close observation of the animals to detect the clinical signs and then try to diagnose or rule out Map infection. The positive diagnosis for paratuberculosis isn’t always obtained, even in cases with a similar clinical presentation. If this disease is detected, vaccination is the main control method used. The effect of vaccination, despite being difficult to evaluate, is mostly beneficial.
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- 2017
70. Monde agricole : espèce bovine
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Duchet Suchaux, Marion
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Médecine vétérinaire et santé animal ,bovin ,Microbiology and Parasitology ,réponse immunitaire ,alternative aux antibiotiques ,Veterinary medicine and animal Health ,paratuberculose ,streptococcus uberis ,Mycobacterium bovis ,Microbiologie et Parasitologie ,mammite - Published
- 2017
71. Concordance entre deux trousses sérologiques dans le diagnostic de la paratuberculose ovine : éléments de description à partir de 14 élevages du Lot (France)
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Hugnet, Josselin, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse - ENVT (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE)
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Ovins ,Discordance ,qPCR ,Médecine vétérinaire et santé animal ,ELISA ,Paratuberculose ,Sérologie - Abstract
La paratuberculose ovine est une maladie incurable due à Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (Map) dont l'impact économique en élevage peut être fort et dont le diagnostic est difficile au stade préclinique du fait de la physiopathologie complexe de l’infection et de l'absence de test de référence parfait. L'objectif de ce travail était de décrire et comparer les résultats de sérologie ELISA obtenus avec deux trousses du commerce sur un échantillon de 1216 brebis provenant de 14 troupeaux du Lot, infectés par la paratuberculose. Les résultats indiquent un pourcentage de concordance globalement faible entre les trousses, y compris pour 2 lots d'une même trousse utilisés en parallèle, conduisant à des estimations de prévalence apparente intra- troupeau très différentes. Le travail réalisé a permis de montrer que les résultats discordants avaient, en moyenne, des titres anticorps (valeurs S/P) significativement plus élevés que les cas négatifs concordants, semblant indiquer qu’ils pourraient correspondre à des animaux en cours de séroconversion. La modification des seuils de décision ne permet cependant pas de réduire le nombre de cas discordants. Par ailleurs l’inclusion des résultats de qPCR sur fèces pour définir le statut infectieux des animaux n’a pas permis d’améliorer la concordance entre tests. Un résultat positif isolé en ELISA doit donc être considéré avec prudence, en particulier s'il est proche des seuils de décision.
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- 2017
72. First report of paratuberculose in Southern Pudu deer (Artyodactila: Cervidae).
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González-Acuña, D., Neira-Ramirez, V., Moreno-Salas, L., and Quezada, M.
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PARATUBERCULOSIS ,SOUTHERN pudu ,WILDLIFE conservation - Abstract
The article describes a case of paratuberculosis disease in Southern Pudu, Pudu pudu, endemic to the southern region of South America. In July 2005, a Southern Pudu carcass was found in a kennel southeast of Concepción, Chile, and was examined postmortem. To confirm the importance of this disease in wildlife and in particular to the Pudu, data should be collected on the prevalence and routes of the infection in the wild.
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- 2011
73. Mycobacterium paratuberculosis isole chez des patients atteints de maladie de Crohn Résultats préliminaires.
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Haagsma, J., Mulder, Ch., Eger, A., and Tytgat, G.
- Abstract
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- 1991
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- View/download PDF
74. An assessment of Zoonotic and Production Limiting Pathogens in Rusa Deer (Cervus timorensis rusa) from Mauritius
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A.D. Potts, Mahmad Reshad Jaumally, Matthieu Roger, Anita Luise Michel, Jacqueline Sauzier, Jacques Godfroid, and Ferran Jori
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Veterinary medicine ,animal diseases ,Paratuberculosis ,Paratuberculose ,L73 - Maladies des animaux ,Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Seroepidemiologic Studies ,Direct agglutination test ,Ehrlichia ruminantium ,Cervus ,Rusa ,Leptospira ,education.field_of_study ,Mycobacterium bovis ,biology ,Data Collection ,General Medicine ,Animal domestique ,Antibodies, Bacterial ,Leptospirosis ,Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct ,Mauritius ,Immunodiagnostic ,Heartwater Disease ,Population ,Ehrlichia ,Viande ,Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ,Leptospirose ,Agent pathogène ,Sérologie ,Contamination ,Agglutination Tests ,medicine ,Tuberculose ,Animals ,Seroprevalence ,Inspection des viandes ,education ,General Veterinary ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,Deer ,L70 - Sciences et hygiène vétérinaires - Considérations générales ,Animal sauvage ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,Brucella ,Enquête pathologique ,Maladie infectieuse ,Q53 - Contamination et toxicologie des aliments pour animaux ,Mycobacterium avium - Abstract
A population of approximately 70 000 rusa deer (Cervus timorensis russa) represents the most important mammal species reared for food on the island of Mauritius, being the main source of red meat for the local population. However, very limited information is available on the circulation of pathogens affecting the productivity and health of this species. To produce baseline data on the circulation of infectious pathogens in rusa deer under production, a serological survey and/or direct pathogen detection for six selected infectious diseases was undertaken in 2007 in a sample of 53% of the herds reared in semi-free-ranging conditions in hunting estates. Seropositive results were recorded for Johne's disease with an indirect ELISA test (1.7%, n = 351), heartwater with an immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) (95.5%, n = 178) and leptospirosis with a Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT) (25.9%, n = 363). Significant associations were found between seroprevalence to some of the leptospiral serogroups detected (Tarassovi, Pomona, Sejroe and Mini) and age of the animals, animal density or location of the estates (being more prevalent in hotter and more humid areas). In addition, Mycobacterium bovis and M. avium subspecies paratuberculosis were confirmed in two deer carcasses by culture and PCR, respectively. No antibodies against Brucella spp. nor Rift Valley Fever virus were detected with the use of respective indirect ELISA's. The results obtained suggest that the population of rusa deer from Mauritius is exposed to a wide range of pathogens which may affect their productivity. In addition, the results highlight the potential public health risks incurred by deer industry workers and consumers. This survey fills an important gap in knowledge regarding the health of tropical deer meat in Mauritius and justifies the need to implement more regular surveys of selected pathogens in the deer population. (Resume d'auteur)
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- 2013
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75. Imuno-histopatologic diagnosis of subclinic bovine paratuberculosis in the state of Rio de Janeiro
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Tiago da Cunha Peixoto, Alexandre Galvão, Carlos Hubinger Tokarnia, Marilene de Farias Brito, Elise M. Yamasaki, and Douglas McIntosh
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Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Paratuberculosis ,Paratuberculose ,Biology ,Bovinos ,Doença de Johne ,imuno-histoquímica ,medicine ,Mesenteric lymph nodes ,Dairy cattle ,patologia ,Subclinical infection ,lcsh:Veterinary medicine ,General Veterinary ,Brasil ,doença de Johne ,bovinos ,medicine.disease ,Patologia ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,cattle ,Giant cell ,immunohistochemistry ,Immunology ,Imuno-histoquímica ,Herd ,lcsh:SF600-1100 ,Immunohistochemistry ,pathology ,Histopathology ,Johne's disease ,Brazil - Abstract
O diagnóstico precoce e específico da paratuberculose ainda é um desafio. Isto pode estar associado à baixa sensibilidade dos testes laboratoriais e ou à variação da resposta imunológica frente à infecção por Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. Mundialmente, é uma enfermidade que causa importantes prejuízos econômicos, em especial, à bovinocultura leiteira, devido ao caráter crônico da infecção. No Brasil, a paratuberculose já foi descrita em diversas espécies de ruminantes domésticos e em vários estados, o que demonstra que a enfermidade está presente em território nacional e há a necessidade de elaboração de técnicas de diagnóstico para a confirmação da infecção. O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar os achados anátomo-histopatológicos e imuno-histoquímicos em intestino e linfonodos mesentéricos de bovinos assintomáticos, provenientes de rebanhos positivos para paratuberculose localizados no estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. O estudo macroscópico revelou alterações inespecíficas tais como áreas avermelhadas na mucosa do intestino, aumento do volume das placas de Peyer e dos linfonodos mesentéricos, além disso, observou-se que vasos linfáticos mesentéricos estavam dilatados e esbranquiçados. Do total de 52 vacas leiteiras avaliadas, a histopatologia revelou infiltração granulomatosa, por vezes com formação de células gigantes multinucleadas, em mucosa e ou submucosa de jejuno, íleo e em linfonodos mesentéricos, principalmente na região cortical, em 32 animais. Estes bovinos foram submetidos à coloração de Ziehl-Neelsen cujo teste não demonstrou reação positiva, no entanto, quando analisados pelo teste imunohistoquímico para Mycobacterium spp. observou-se imunorreação em 6 animais. Desta forma, a histopatologia e imunohistoquímica pode ser uma importante ferramenta para diagnóstico da paratuberculose subclínica. The early and specific diagnosis of paratuberculosis remains a challenge due to the low sensitivity of the currently available laboratory tests and also because of variations in the immune response towards infection with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. Globally this disease causes significant economic losses, primarily in dairy cattle, owing to the chronic nature of the infection. Paratuberculosis has been described in a number of Brazilian states and from a diversity of domestic ruminant species clearly demonstrating that the disease is present in the country and highlighting the requirement for the development of diagnostic techniques for confirmation of infection and for epidemiological analyses. The aim of this study was to characterize the anatomo-histopathological and immunohistochemical findings in the bowel and mesenteric lymph nodes of assymptomatic cattle, derived from paratuberculosis positive herds located in state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Macroscopic examination during necropsy revealed nonspecific changes including reddening of the gut mucosa, increased volumes for the Peyer's patches and mesenteric lymph nodes and in some case dilation and whitening of the mesenteric lymphatic vessel. Histopathology revealed granulomatous infiltration, occasionally with the formation of giant cells in the jejunal and ileal mucosa or sub-mucosa, and/or in the cortical region of the mesenteric lymph nodes, in 32 of the 52 cattle examined. Tissue sections from these animals were subjected to Ziehl-Neelsen staining, but the presence of acid-fast bacilli was not observed. Subsequent analysis, employing genus specific immunohistochemisty for Mycobacterium, revealed areas of immunoreactivity in sections prepared from a total of six animals. The results of this investigation highlighted the value of histopathology and particularly immunohistochemistry as tools for the diagnosis of subclinical paratuberculosis.
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- 2013
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76. Cell wall Lipids of Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis : New insights from genomics analysis
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Biet, Franck, Infectiologie Animale et Santé Publique - IASP (Nouzilly, France), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Infectiologie et Santé Publique (UMR ISP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours, Sociedad Latinoamerican de Tuberculosis y otras Microbacterias (SLAMTB). ARG., and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours (UT)
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paratuberculosis ,[SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology ,mycobacterium avium ,biosynthèse des lipides ,lipopeptide ,Microbiology and Parasitology ,cell wall ,paratuberculose ,analyse génomique ,paroi cellulaire ,voie de biosynthèse ,Microbiologie et Parasitologie - Abstract
XXIII Congreso latinoamericano de MicrobiologiaXIV Congreso argentino de MicrobiologiaIV Congreso Latinoamericano de Microbiologia de Médicamentos y Cosmeticos (CLAMME); Cell wall Lipids of Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis : New insights from genomics analysis. VIII Meeting of the Latin-American Society for Tuberculosis and other Mycobacteriosis
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- 2016
77. GWAS of resistance to paratuberculosis in French Holstein and Normande cattle breeds
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Sanchez, Marie Pierre, Guatteo, Raphaël, Davergne, A., Grohs, Cécile, Capitan, Aurelien, Blanquefort, P., Delafosse, A., Joly, A., Fourichon, Christine, Boichard, Didier, Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative (GABI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), Biologie, Epidémiologie et analyse de risque en Santé Animale (BIOEPAR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Haute Normandie, Allice, Groupement de Défense Sanitaire, Groupement de Défense Sanitaire Bretagne (GDS Bretagne), and Apisgene Paradigm, Gisa Picsar
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[SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics ,[SDV.GEN.GA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics ,bovin ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,paratuberculose ,analyse d'association ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
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- 2016
78. Les amibes libres, un réservoir environnemental de Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis ?
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Héchard, Yann, Robino, Etienne, Samba, Ascel, Cochard, Thierry, Branger, Maxime, Biet, Franck, Ecologie et biologie des interactions (EBI), Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Infectiologie et Santé Publique (UMR ISP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours, Fédération de recherche en infectiologie (FéRI)., Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours (UT), and ProdInra, Migration
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[SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology ,eau ,paratuberculose ,Mycobactérie ,[SDV.MP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,amibe - Abstract
National audience
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- 2016
79. Whole genome association analysis of resistance / susceptibility to paratuberculosis in French Holstein and Normande cattle
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Sanchez, Marie Pierre, Guatteo, Raphaël, Davergne, A., Grohs, Cecile, Capitan, Aurelien, Blanquefort, P., Delafosse , A., Joly, A., Ngwa-Mbot, D., Biet, Franck, Fourichon, Christine, Boichard, Didier, Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative (GABI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Biologie, Epidémiologie et analyse de risque en Santé Animale (BIOEPAR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Haute Normandie, Allice, Groupement de Défense Sanitaire, Groupement de Défense Sanitaire Bretagne (GDS Bretagne), Infectiologie et Santé Publique (UMR ISP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours (UT), Apisgene-GDS France Paradigm, INRA-GISA Picsar, and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours
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bovin ,résistance génétique aux maladies ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,paratuberculose ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
National audience
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- 2016
80. Estudo da paratuberculose em búfalos (Bubalus bubalis) no estado do Maranhão
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REIS, Alessandra dos Santos Belo and BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes
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Doença de Johne ,Bubalus bubalis ,CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::MEDICINA VETERINARIA::PATOLOGIA ANIMAL::PATOLOGIA CLINICA ANIMAL [CNPQ] ,Búfalo ,Minerais ,Bubalinos ,Infecção intrauterina ,Doenças em animais ,Diagnóstico veterinário ,Paratuberculose ,Biópsia retal ,CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::MEDICINA VETERINARIA::MEDICINA VETERINARIA PREVENTIVA::SAUDE ANIMAL (PROGRAMAS SANITARIOS) [CNPQ] ,Mycobacterium avium - Abstract
CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior INCT - Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Este trabalho objetivou estudar a paratuberculose (PTB) em bubalinos no estado do Maranhão (MA). Para isso foram realizadas a utilização da biópsia retal como ferramenta auxiliar na coleta de amostras para o diagnóstico ante mortem da PTB; dosagem de teores de cobre (Cu), zinco (Zn) e ferro (Fe) em animais positivos para PTB, assim como, o relato da detecção de Mycobacterium avium subesp. paratuberculosis (Map) em útero e feto bubalino. No primeiro estudo foram realizadas 140 biopsias retais em bubalinos das raças Murrah, Mediterrâneo e seus mestiços, com idade acima de três anos, no município de São Mateus, MA. Essas biópsias foram processadas por meio das técnicas de Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) e reação em cadeia da polimerase quantitativa (qPCR). Adicionalmente foi realizada necropsia de 11 búfalos com sinais clínicos sugestivos de PTB, coletadas amostras de íleo e linfonodo mesentério (LM) para a realização de ZN e qPCR. Pela colaboração de ZN das biopsias retais, 4,3% (6/140) apresentaram bacilos álcool-ácidos resistentes (BAAR) e na qPCR, 5% (7/140) tiveram amplificação do material genético. As lesões anatomopatológicas de quatro animais foram compatíveis com lesões sugestivas de PTB, apresentaram BAAR e amplificação de material genético. A concordância entre a biopsia retal e a analise dos tecidos de íleo e LM, segundo o teste Kappa foi alta (k=0,792). No segundo estudo, foram realizadas 13 necropsias em búfalos de raças Murrah, mediterrâneo e seus mestiços, com idade acima de três anos, nos municípios de São Mateus e São Luís, MA. Foram coletadas amostras de íleo e LM para pesquisa de Map e de fígado para dosagem de minerais (Cu, Zn e Fe). Sete búfalos foram positivos PTB e alocados no Grupo 1; e seis búfalos foram negativos e alocados no Grupo 2. Na dosagem dos microminerais, os búfalos do Grupo 1 apresentaram níveis abaixo dos valores de referência para Cu e Zn. observou-se que as medias dos teores de Cu foi 18,0ppm. Os teores de Fe em ambos os grupos foram elevados (>669ppm). O terceiro estudo foi conduzido em uma propriedade em São Luís, MA. Uma búfala prenha, com acentuada debilidade física e com suspeita clinica de PTB foi eutanasiada e necropsiada. Foram coletadas fragmentos de íleo, LM, útero e placenta da fêmea; fragmentos de rim, fígado, vaso umbilical e sistema digestivo (SD) do feto e analisadas através de ZN e qPCR. A fêmea foi positiva em amostras de íleo, LM e útero na qPCR e o feto foi positivo no SD. No íleo, LM e nas fezes foram observados BAAR. Conclui-se que a analise de biopsia retal pode ser empregada para auxiliar no diagnostico ante mortem. A PTB pode induzir quadros de deficiência mineral com consequente piora do quadro clínico da doença. E a presença de Map em búfalos pode ocorrer em vários órgãos, inclusive no sistema reprodutivo e a transmissão intrauterina pode ocorrer nesta espécie. This study investigated paratuberculosis (PTB) in water buffaloes in the state of Maranhão (MA). For that were performed using the rectal biopsy as an auxiliary tool in the collection of samples for ante mortem diagnosis of PTB; dosages of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe) in PTB positive animals was performed, as well as the report of the detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map) in the utero and fetus of a buffalo. In the first study were conducted 140 rectal biopsies in buffaloes of Murrah, Mediterranean and their crossbreeds, over the age of three years in São Mateus, MA. These biopsies were processed by Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining and quantitative PCR (qPCR). Postmortem examination of 11 buffaloes with clinical signs suggestive of PTB was performed and samples of ileum and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) were collected for performing qPCR and ZN. By ZN staining of rectal biopsies, 4.3% (6/140) acid-fast bacilli and qPCR, 5% (7/140) had amplification of genetic material. The pathological lesions of four animals were consistent with lesions suggestive of PTB showed acid-fast bacilli and amplification of genetic material. The correlation between rectal biopsy and analysis of ileal tissue and LM, according to the Kappa test was high (K=0.792). In the second study, 13 postmortem examination were carried in buffaloes of Murrah, Mediterranean and their crossbreeds, over the age of three years in the cities of São Mateus and São Luís, MA. Ileum and mesenteric lymph nodes samples were collected for Map search and liver to dosage minerals (Cu, Zn and Fe). Seven buffaloes were positive for PTB and allocated in Group 1; six buffaloes were negative and allocated in Group 2. In the dosing of trace minerals in Group 1 showed levels below the reference values for Cu and Zn. It was observed that the average Cu concentration was 18.0ppm and Zn 68.6ppm. In Group 2 the average Cu concentration was 113.7ppm and Zn 110.0ppm. The iron concentrations in both groups were high (>669ppm). The third study was conducted on a property in São Luís, MA. A buffalo cow pregnant with marked physical debility and clinical signs suggestive of PTB was eutanasiada and necropsiada. Fragments ileum, MLN, uterus, and placenta of buffalo cow were collected; fragments of kidney, liver, umbilical vessel and digestive system (DS) of the fetus were collected and were analyzed by Zn and qPCR. The buffalo cow was positive in ileum samples, mesenteric lymph nodes and uterus in qPCR and the fetus was positive in DS. In the ileum, MLN and feces were observed acid-fast bacilli. It is concluded that rectal biopsy analysis can be used to help diagnose ante mortem. The PTB could lead to mineral deficiency and worsen the clinical condition of the buffaloes. The presence of Map in buffalo can occur in various organs, including the reproductive system and intrauterine transmission can occur in this species.
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- 2016
81. Phylogenomic exploration of the relationships between strains of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis
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Joyce McLuckie, Josephine M. Bryant, Stephen D. Bentley, Ian Heron, Duncan J. Maskell, Virginie C. Thibault, Julian Parkhill, Iker A. Sevilla, David Ge Smith, Franck Biet, Karen Stevenson, Simon R. Harris, Maskell, Duncan [0000-0002-5065-653X], Parkhill, Julian [0000-0002-7069-5958], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Stevenson, Karen, Genome Campus, The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute [Cambridge], Division of Infection and Immunity, University College of London [London] (UCL), Pentlands Science Park, Moredun Research Institute [Penicuik, UK] (MRI), Institute of Infection, Immunity & Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Dpto. de Producción y Sanidad Animal, Instituto Vasco de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario [Derio] (NEIKER), Infectiologie et Santé Publique (UMR ISP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours (UT), Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Scottish Government Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services Division - European Commission Marie Curie IEF Grant PIEF-GA-2009-251953 - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) - Area de Agricultura, Pesca y Politica Alimentaria of the Departamento de Desarrollo Economico y Competitividad of the Basque Government (IAS) - Wellcome Trust 098051, Moredun Research Institute, Neiker-Tecnalia, UR Infectiologie animale et Santé publique (UR IASP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours
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0301 basic medicine ,Genotyping ,Genotype ,phylogénomique ,030106 microbiology ,séquençage du génome complet ,Biology ,Genome ,Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ,03 medical and health sciences ,Phylogenetics ,Phylogenomics ,Genetics ,paratuberculose ,Phylogeny ,2. Zero hunger ,Whole genome sequencing ,étude épidémiologique ,Genetic diversity ,Johne’s disease ,Strain (biology) ,Microbiology and Parasitology ,biology.organism_classification ,Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis ,Microbiologie et Parasitologie ,Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis ,[SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology ,030104 developmental biology ,génotypage ,Genome wide sequencing ,Research Article ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Background Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (Map) is an infectious enteric pathogen that causes Johne’s disease in livestock. Determining genetic diversity is prerequisite to understanding the epidemiology and biology of Map. We performed the first whole genome sequencing (WGS) of 141 global Map isolates that encompass the main molecular strain types currently reported. We investigated the phylogeny of the Map strains, the diversity of the genome and the limitations of commonly used genotyping methods. Results Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and phylogenetic analyses confirmed two major lineages concordant with the former Type S and Type C designations. The Type I and Type III strain groups are subtypes of Type S, and Type B strains are a subtype of Type C and not restricted to Bison species. We found that the genome-wide SNPs detected provided greater resolution between isolates than currently employed genotyping methods. Furthermore, the SNP used for IS1311 typing is not informative, as it is likely to have occurred after Type S and C strains diverged and does not assign all strains to the correct lineage. Mycobacterial Interspersed Repetitive Unit-Variable Number Tandem Repeat (MIRU-VNTR) differentiates Type S from Type C but provides limited resolution between isolates within these lineages and the polymorphisms detected do not necessarily accurately reflect the phylogenetic relationships between strains. WGS of passaged strains and coalescent analysis of the collection revealed a very high level of genetic stability, with the substitution rate estimated to be less than 0.5 SNPs per genome per year. Conclusions This study clarifies the phylogenetic relationships between the previously described Map strain groups, and highlights the limitations of current genotyping techniques. Map isolates exhibit restricted genetic diversity and a substitution rate consistent with a monomorphic pathogen. WGS provides the ultimate level of resolution for differentiation between strains. However, WGS alone will not be sufficient for tracing and tracking Map infections, yet importantly it can provide a phylogenetic context for affirming epidemiological connections. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-2234-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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- 2016
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82. GWAS of resistance to paratuberculosis in French Holstein and Normande cattle breeds
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Guatteo, Raphaël, Davergne, A., Grohs, Cécile, Capitan, Aurélien, Blanquefort, P., Delafosse, A., Joly, A., Fourichon, Christine, Boichard, Didier, and Sanchez, Marie Pierre
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bovin ,paratuberculose ,analyse d'association - Published
- 2016
83. The importance of cholesterol in MAP infection of ruminants
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de Silva, K., Plain, K.M., Begg, D., Biet, Franck, Whittington, R.J., Purdie, A.C., and Johansen, Matt
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Cholesterol ,pathogenesis ,Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis ,Médecine vétérinaire et santé animal ,bovin ,Microbiology and Parasitology ,cholestérol ,Veterinary medicine and animal Health ,paratuberculose ,Microbiologie et Parasitologie ,microscopie à fluorescence - Abstract
Cholesterol plays an important role in the establishment of mycobacterial infections. Mycobacterial species such as Mycoacterium tuberculosis are capable of utilising cholesterol as a primary energy source in culture. M. leprae localises to cholesterol-rich areas of an infected cell, which holds significance for the intracellular niches created by mycobacteria. Despite the implications for other mycobacterial species, there has been very little research examining the relationship between cholesterol and Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP). This study examined the role of both serum and intracellular cholesterol during the early stages of MAP infection in both sheep and cattle in vivo and in vitro. Using a well-established infection model, sheep and cattle were exposed to MAP and blood and faecal samples were collected at monthly intervals. Total serum cholesterol changed significantly in exposed animals during the first few months of infection in both sheep and cattle when compared to the control cohorts. In in vitro infection experiments using monocytes from MAP non-exposed cattle and sheep and fluorescent microscopic techniques demonstrated that GFP-tagged MAP co-localised to cholesterol-rich domains within the cell. In addition, changes in the expression of a number of cholesterol-associated genes within the macrophage suggest that MAP is capable of altering cholesterol metabolism of the infected cell. Thus previously unexplored mechanisms within the intracellular environment created by MAP during the early stages of infection may be important for understanding the survival and persistence of MAP.
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- 2016
84. Epidemiological Study of Bovine Paratuberculosis in Dairy Herds in Southern Narino, Colombia
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Bibiana Benavides Benavides, Ángela Viviana Arteaga Cadena, and Carlos Alberto Montezuma Misnaza
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Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) ,lcsh:Veterinary medicine ,Elisa indirecto ,dairy farms ,fazendas produtoras de leite ,Mycobacterium avium subsp.paratuberculosis (MAP) ,paratuberculosis ,Elisa indireto ,lcsh:SF600-1100 ,paratuberculose ,indirect Elisa ,fincas lecheras - Abstract
Introducción: la paratuberculosis (PTBC), también llamada enfermedad de Johne, es un trastorno gastrointestinal crónico de rumiantes domésticos y silvestres causado por Micobacterium avium subespecie paratuberculosis (MAP). Está distribuida mundialmente y genera un alto impacto en la ganadería, debido a que disminuye la producción, se pierde potencial genético por reemplazos tempranos de animales infectados y se incrementa la mortalidad. Objetivos: evaluar la presencia de anticuerpos anti-MAP en fincas lecheras del sur de Nariño y describir su distribución de acuerdo con características poblacionales. Métodos: se realizó un estudio transversal descriptivo en 958 vacas mayores de 2 años en 16 fincas lecheras. Para determinar la presencia de anticuerpos, se usó la prueba diagnóstica de Elisa indirecto (kit comercial Svanova®). La seropositividad fue asociada con las variables de raza, edad, ubicación, condición corporal, número de lactancias y estadio clínico mediante la prueba estadística de chi cuadrado. Resultados: se encontraron 15 fincas (94 %) con al menos un animal positivo y 77 vacas (8 %) con anticuerpos anti-MAP. Se estableció una asociación significativa (p < 0,05) con la condición corporal del animal. Conclusiones: en los principales municipios lecheros se encontraron vacas con anticuerpos anti-MAP y no se encontró relación entre edad, raza, ubicación y estatus clínico con la seroprevalencia-MAP, pero sí con la condición corporal. Introduction: Paratuberculosis (PTB), or Johne's disease, is a chronic gastrointestinal disorder in domestic and wild ruminants caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP). It is distributed worldwide and generates a high impact on livestock, due to a decrease in production, loss of genetic potential by early replacement of infected animals, and increase in mortality. Objectives: To evaluate the presence of anti-MAP antibodies in dairy farms in southern Narino and to describe their distribution according to population characteristics. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 958 cows over 2 years of age in 16 dairy farms. To determine the presence of antibodies, the indirect Elisa diagnostic test was used (Svanova® commercial kit). Seropositivity was associated with variables of race, age, location, body condition, lactation number, and clinical state by using the chi-square test statistic. Results: There were found 15 farms (94%) with at least one positive animal and 77 cows (8%) with anti-MAP antibodies. A significant association (p < 0.05) with the animal's body condition was established. Conclusions: Cows with anti-MAP antibodies were found in major dairy municipalities; it was found that MAP-seroprevalence is not connected to age, race, location and clinical status, but it is linked to body condition. Introdução: a paratuberculose (PTBC), também conhecida como doença de Johne, é um transtorno gastrointestinal crônico de ruminantes domésticos e silvestres causado por Mi-cobacterium avium subespécieparatuberculose (MAP). Está distribuída mundialmente e gera um alto impacto na pecuária, devido a que diminui a produção, se perde potencial genético por substituições precoces de animais infectados e aumenta a mortalidade. Objetivos: avaliar a presença de anticorpos anti-MAP em fazendas de gado do sul de Nariño e descrever sua distribuição de acordo com características populacionais. Métodos: realizou-se um estudo transversal descritivo em 958 vacas maiores de 2 anos em 16 fazendas produtoras de gado. Para determinar a presença de anticorpos, se usou a prova diagnóstica de Elisa indireto (kit comercial Svanova®). A soro positividade foi associada com as variáveis de raça, idade, localização, condição corporal, número de lactancia e estádio clínico através da prova estatística de chi quadrado. Resultados: se encontraram 15 fazendas (94 %) com pelo menos um animal positivo e 77 vacas (8 %) com anticorpos anti-MAP. Estabeleceu-se uma associação significativa (p < 0,05) com a condição corporal do animal. Conclusões: nos principais municípios produtores de leite se encontraram vacas com anticorpos anti-MAP e não se encontrou relação entre idade, raça, localização e status clínico com a soro prevalência-MAP, mas sim com a condição corporal.
- Published
- 2016
85. Antigenic tripeptides derived from Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis S-type strains, derivatives and uses thereof
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Bannantine, John P., Etienne, Gilles, Bay, Sylvie, Biet, Franck, USDA-ARS : Agricultural Research Service, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Infectiologie et Santé Publique (UMR ISP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours, United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service, Infectiologie Animale et Santé Publique - IASP (Nouzilly, France), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours (UT)
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spectroscopy nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ,réponse humorale ,tripeptide ,mass spectrum analysis ,réponse immunitaire ,spectroscopie rmn ,immunologic reactions ,humanities ,infection ,Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis ,paratuberculosis ,[SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology ,mycobacterium avium ,spectrométrie de masse ,paratuberculose ,C07K 5/087 (2006.01) ,C07K 7/06 (2006.01) ,A61K 47/54 (2007.01) ,A61K 47/60 (2007.01) ,G01N 33/569 (2006.01) - Abstract
Ce brevet a été déposé le 20 décembre 2016 sous le numéro PCT/FR2016/053590; The present invention is directed to the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of diseases resulting from infections by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis.The present invention is directed to an isolated synthetic tripeptide of formula H-D-Phe- N-Methyl- L-Val-L-Ala-OMe (SEQ ID NO :1), or a derivative thereof, and to the corresponding lipotripeptides, which are specific to Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map) S-type strain, as well as derivatives and conjugates thereof. The invention also concerns the use of these antigens in different methods and tests for detecting Map infection, especially by detecting humoral response and cell mediated response of infected animals. The invention is also directed to a genetic signature of Map and a mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy signature of Map presence or infection.
- Published
- 2016
86. Para-tbc, een sluimerende langetermijnziekte
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Damiaans, B. and Damiaans, B.
- Abstract
Paratuberculose is een langetermijnziekte die voornamelijk voorkomt bij melkvee en moeilijk te bestrijden is vanwege de lange incubatietijd. De ziekte kan een enorme economische schade aanrichten. Je kan ze enkel inperken door het aanscherpen van de bioveiligheidsmaatregelen op je bedrijf.
- Published
- 2016
87. Aandacht voor weerstand : vaker infectieziekten op grotere bedrijven door meer kans op overdracht
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Pellikaan, F. and Pellikaan, F.
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Hoe groter bedrijven worden, hoe meer aandacht er moet zijn voor de aanpak van infectieziekten. Dat stelde GD-directeur Ynte Schukken op een symposium van additievenleverancier Speerstra. Het was dé brug naar toevoegmiddelen aan rantsoenen die de weerstand verhogen.
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- 2016
88. Onuitputtelijke bron van informatie over dierziekten : paratuberculose meest onderzochte dierziekte via melkstaal
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Vandenberghe, H. and Vandenberghe, H.
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Heel wat dierziekten die via bloedstalen geanalyseerd worden, zijn via melkstalen op te sporen. Het leeuwendeel van de diagnostische onderzoeken op melkstalen in Vlaanderen vindt plaats voor de ziekte en het programma paratuberculose.
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- 2016
89. Aspectos clínico-patológicos e controle da paratuberculose em rebanho bovino leiteiro
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Marilene de Farias Brito, José Artur Bogo Chies, Elise M. Yamasaki, Carlos Hubinger Tokarnia, Alexandre Galvão, Ana Paula Aragão, Marcos José Pereira Gomes, and Tiago Degani Veit
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Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,diagnosis ,Doenças de bovinos ,Langhans giant cell ,Paratuberculosis ,Biology ,Diseases of cattle ,Enteritis ,Intestinal mucosa ,Submucosa ,controle ,medicine ,paratuberculose ,Lamina propria ,lcsh:Veterinary medicine ,General Veterinary ,medicine.disease ,diagnóstico ,Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis ,paratuberculosis ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Lymphangitis ,Duodenum ,lcsh:SF600-1100 ,control - Abstract
A paratuberculose ou doença de Johne é uma enterite granulomatosa causada por Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. Descrevem-se os aspectos epidemiológicos, clínico-patológicos e laboratoriais da paratuberculose em rebanho bovino leiteiro no município de Rio Claro, região Sul do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. No período de 2006 a 2009, oito vacas adultas da raça Girolanda apresentaram diarreia crônico-intermitente e perda progressiva de peso. À necropsia, observaram-se linfonodos mesentéricos aumentados de volume e úmidos ao corte, vasos linfáticos subserosos das alças intestinais proeminentes, serosa do intestino com aspecto anelado e cerebroide e a mucosa espessada, pregueada e com aspecto microgranular. À microscopia havia, desde o duodeno até o reto, inflamação granulomatosa difusa, marcada dilatação dos vasos linfáticos no ápice das vilosidades, linfangiectasia e linfangite granulomatosa na submucosa, muscular e serosa. A inflamação granulomatosa também foi vista nos linfonodos mesentéricos. A coloração de Ziehl-Neelsen revelou variável quantidade de bacilos álcool-ácido resistentes no interior de macrófagos, de células gigantes de Langhans e livres na mucosa e submucosa dos intestinos delgado e grosso e em linfonodos mesentéricos. Em alguns animais, a lâmina própria da mucosa, principalmente do jejuno e íleo exibia acentuada hipertrofia. Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis foi isolado em cultivo bacteriano de Herrold com micobactina, a partir de amostras de fezes, de raspado de mucosa intestinal e de leite e identificado pela técnica de PCR IS900. Através da avaliação sorológica semestral, foram analisadas 298 vacas do mesmo rebanho a partir de três anos de idade, observou-se cerca de 40% de animais reagentes ao teste ELISA indireto no período estudado. O diagnóstico da paratuberculose foi baseado nos dados clínico-patológicos, na sorologia, no isolamento e identificação do agente através de cultivo bacteriano e PCR IS900. Após implementação de medidas de controle, tais como eliminação de animais doentes, abate seletivo dos animais soropositivos, separação dos bezerros ao nascer e utilização de banco de colostro, observou-se, nos três anos de estudo, diminuição da ocorrência de casos clínicos no rebanho, de seis casos por ano para cerca de um caso por ano. Paratuberculosis (Johne's disease) is a granulomatous enteritis of ruminants caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. Epidemiology, clinic-pathological and laboratorial aspects of paratuberculosis in a dairy cattle herd are described. The disease was diagnosed from 2006 to 2009 in eight cows that presented chronic-intermittent diarrhea and chronic weight loss, in the Rio Claro municipality, Rio de Janeiro. At necropsy, the subserosal lymphatic vessels were proeminent and dilated, mesenteric nodes were enlarged and intestinal mucosa was corrugated, thickened and of microgranular aspect. From duodenum to the rectum, histopathology revealed severe and diffuse granulomatous inflammation of the lamina propria and submucosa, broadened and distorted villi, dilatation of the lymphatic vessels in their apex, lymphangioectasia and granulomatous lymphangitis in the submucosa. Ziehl-Neelsen stain showed variable amounts of acid-fast bacilli in macrophages, in Langhans giant cells and freely in the mucosa and submucosa of the small intestine, colon and lymphnodes. In some cows, the lamina propria presented severe hypertrophy, mainly in the jejunum and ileum. Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis was isolated through bacterial cultivation of samples taken from feces, intestinal mucosa and milk, and identified through IS900 PCR. From 298 cows older than three years, the percentage of reactive animals was 40% by indirect ELISA test. The diagnosis of paratuberculosis was based on clinic-epidemiological data, serology, bacterial isolation in Herrold egg yolk medium with micobactin and on IS900 PCR. After the adoption of control measures, as slaughter of cows with clinical signs, selective slaughter of seropositive cows, removal of the calf from the dam at birth, and use of the colostrum bank, we observed a reduction from six clinical cases to only one case per year, in the last three years of the study.
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- 2010
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90. Comparação de duas técnicas de isolamento do Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis em amostras de fezes de ovinos com suspeita clínica de paratuberculose
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Maria de Lurdes Pinto, Ana Cláudia Coelho, A. M. Coelho, and Jorge Rodrigues
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Culture ,ovinos ,Paratuberculosis ,Paratuberculose ,Biology ,Microbiology ,fluids and secretions ,Enteric disease ,Diagnosis ,medicine ,fezes ,Incubation ,Feces ,General Veterinary ,cultura ,equipment and supplies ,bacterial infections and mycoses ,biology.organism_classification ,Isolation (microbiology) ,medicine.disease ,Ovine ,diagnóstico ,Cell culture ,bacteria ,Bacteria ,Feaces ,Mycobacterium - Abstract
A paratuberculose é uma enterite crônica granulomatosa causada por Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis que afeta principalmente os ruminantes. A cultura de bactérias a partir de amostras de fezes e tecidos constitui um dos métodos mais eficazes de diagnóstico, sendo ainda o único método disponível para obtenção de isolamentos e estirpes de micobactérias. Contudo, este método apresenta baixa sensibilidade e requer meses de incubação antes do crescimento de colônias. Neste estudo, utilizou-se a cultura fecal como método de diagnóstico em ovinos de diferentes raças portuguesas, com sinais compatíveis com a doença. Fez-se ainda a comparação entre os meios de cultura Löwenstein Jensen® com micobactina® J e o de Middlebrook® 7H11 com OADC®, utilizados no isolamento da bactéria. As percentagens de isolamento em cada um os meios foram de 2,0% (6/300) para Löwenstein Jensen® com micobactina J e 1,0% (3/300) para Middlebrook® 7H11/OADC. As três amostras positivas no meio de Middlebrook® 7H11/OADC também foram positivas no meio de Löwenstein Jensen® com micobactina J e nenhuma foi somente positiva no meio de Middlebrook® 7H11/OADC. Os resultados deste estudo sugerem que o meio de Löwenstein-Jensen® com micobactina® J é mais efetivo para a obtenção de estirpes ovinas em Portugal. Paratuberculosis is a chronic enteric disease of ruminants caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. Culture of bacteria from faeces and tissues samples constitutes one of the most effective methods of confirming the diagnosis of para-tuberculosis and the only method available to obtain strains of mycobacteria. However, this method is less sensitive and requires months of incubation before colony growth occurs. In this study, culture method was used on sheep faeces to diagnose paratuber-culosis in animals with compatible signs of the disease. A comparison of two culture media used to isolation was also investigated. Culture was positive in 2.0% of faecal samples. Isolation was obtained using Löwenstein Jensen® with mycobactin® J, and the Middlebrook® 7H11 with OADC®. The Löwenstein Jensen® with mycobactin® J was that provided highest amount of isolations. The percentages of isolation in each culture media were 2.0% (6/300) to Löwenstein Jensen® with micobactina J, and 1.0% (3/300) to Middlebrook® 7H11/OADC. The three positive samples in Middlebrook® 7H11/OADC were also positive in Löwenstein Jensen® with micobactina J. In the Middlebrook® 7H11/OADC alone there was no sample growth. The results of this study suggest that culture media of Löwenstein-Jensen® with micobactina® J is more effective for the isolation of sheep strains in Portugal.
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- 2009
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91. Paratuberculosis: an update Paratuberculose: uma atualização
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W. Lilenbaum, C.D. Marassi, and W.M.R. Oelemann
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Paratuberculosis ,Map ,lcsh:QR1-502 ,Cattle ,Bovine ,Paratuberculose ,Gado ,Bovinos ,lcsh:Microbiology ,Mycobacterium - Abstract
Paratuberculosis is a chronic enteritis that affects ruminants and is caused by Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis (Map). The disease is worldwide spread and causes important economic losses. In Brazil, the bacillus was isolated in the south and northeast regions of the country and in Rio de Janeiro, but there are no enough epidemiological studies about its occurrence. Isolation of Map from tissues or fecal samples is 100% specific, but Map shows the most fastidious growth of all mycobacteria. Incubation lasts 8 -12 weeks, with a dependency on exogenous mycobactin J. Diagnostic tests based on specific DNA sequences allow fast and secure identification, and PCR has been used to confirm positive culture results and to identify Map in feces, milk and tissues. The most frequently used target sequences are the gene encoding the 16S rRNA, and the insertion element IS900. Serological assays are widely used for the herd diagnosis of the disease. A commercial ELISA with M. phlei pre-adsorption step achieves a specificity of 95.4% to 99% and a sensitivity of about 45%. Until now, there is no effective treatment for ill animals and control programs are based on managing procedures of herds and culling of symptomatic animals. In Brazil, paratuberculosis was recently identified and has been demonstrated even in autochthonous closed herds. Therefore, it is essential to perform an epidemiological national research and to investigate the economic impact of the disease in our herds. These results could promote a control program of paratuberculosis adapted to the Brazilian requirements.A Paratuberculose é uma enterite crônica que afeta ruminantes, causada por Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis (Map). A doença é cosmopolita e determina importantes perdas econômicas. No Brasil, o agente foi isolado nas regiões Sul e Nordeste além do Rio de Janeiro, mas não há estudos epidemiológicos suficientes sobre sua ocorrência. O isolamento de Map dos tecidos ou amostras fecais é 100% especifico, mas Map apresenta o crescimento mais fastidioso dentre todas as micobactérias, com período de incubação de até 8 -12 semanas, dependente de fonte exógena de micobactina J. Os testes diagnósticos baseados em seqüências especificas de DNA permitem uma identificação rápida e segura, e PCR tem sido usado para confirmar resultados de cultura positiva e para identificar Map em fezes, leite ou tecidos. O alvo mais frequentemente utilizado é o gene que codifica para o 16S rRNA, e o elemento de inserção IS900. Testes sorológicos são amplamente utilizados para o diagnóstico de rebanho. Um ELISA comercial com uma etapa de pré-adsorção com M. phlei alcança uma especificidade de 95,4% a 99% e uma sensibilidade de cerca de 45%. Até agora, não existe tratamento efetivo para animais doentes e os programas de controle são baseados em medidas de manejo e descarte dos animais sintomáticos. No Brasil, a paratuberculose foi recentemente demonstrada mesmo em rebanhos fechados e autóctones. Assim, é essencial realizar-se um inquérito epidemiológico nacional e investigar o impacto econômico da enfermidade em nossos rebanhos. Estes resultados poderiam ser utilizados para um programa de controle da paratuberculose adaptado ás necessidades de nosso país.
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- 2007
92. Interference of tuberculosis on the performance of ELISAs used in the diagnosis of paratuberculosis in cattle Interferência da tuberculose no desempenho de ELISAs comerciais utilizados para o diagnóstico de paratuberculose
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Walter Lilenbaum, Rachel Ferreira, Carla Dray Marassi, Paula Ristow, Walter Martins Roland Oelemann, and Leila de Souza Fonseca
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Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis ,tuberculose ,Paratuberculosis ,lcsh:QR1-502 ,Tuberculosis ,paratuberculose ,Mycobacterium bovis ,lcsh:Microbiology - Abstract
Forty-four cows from five herds infected with tuberculosis (TB) and without paratuberculosis (PTB), and 21 cows from a herd without either infection were studied. The cattle presented concordant results in both the skin test and gamma-interferon assay for TB and two commercial ELISAs for PTB. Animals were divided according to TB test results into Group A with 28 TB-infected animals, Group B with 16 TB-negative animals from infected herds, and Group C with 21 TB-negative cows from a tuberculosis-free herd (which were used as controls). Twenty of 28 animals from Group A (71.4%), 6/16 from Group B (37.5%) and none from Group C were reactive to PTB ELISAs, suggesting that these commercial kits were unable to distinguish between PTB and TB. It is proposed that natural occurring TB strongly interferes in the diagnosis of PTB and that commercial ELISAs cannot be considered reliable tools in the diagnosis of paratuberculosis in tuberculosis-infected herds.Quarenta e quatro animais provenientes de cinco rebanhos infectados com tuberculose e livres de paratuberculose, e 21 animais provenientes de rebanhos livres de ambas as infecções foram analisados. Todos os animais foram testados para tuberculose pelo teste intradérmico de PPD-bovino e pelo ensaio comercial de Interferon-gama (IFN-gama). Para o diagnóstico de paratuberculose, dois ELISAs comerciais foram usados neste estudo. Os animais foram divididos em três grupos, de acordo com os resultados obtidos pelos testes diagnósticos para tuberculose. O grupo A foi composto por 28 animais com resultados positivos para tuberculose; o grupo B foi formado por 16 animais provenientes de rebanhos infectados com tuberculose, porém com resultados negativos nos testes diagnósticos para esta infecção. O grupo C foi composto por 21 animais provenientes de propriedades livres de ambas as doenças e que foram utilizados como grupo controle deste estudo. Vinte dos 28 animais do grupo A (71,4%), 6/16 do grupo B (37,5%) e nenhum animal do grupo C foram reativos aos ELISAs para diagnóstico de paratuberculose, o que demonstrou que os kits comerciais utilizados não são capazes de diferenciar entre ambas as doenças. Os resultados aqui obtidos sugerem que a ocorrência natural de tuberculose pode interferir no diagnóstico da paratuberculose e os ELISAs comerciais disponíveis não são seguros para utilização em rebanhos onde há tuberculose.
- Published
- 2007
93. Practical implications of increasing 'natural living' through suckling systems in organic dairy calf rearing; Theme: Values in Organic Agriculture
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melkvee ,weaning ,animal behaviour ,dairy cattle ,zogen ,milk quality ,calves ,cows ,paratuberculosis ,biologische landbouw ,organic farming ,diergedrag ,melkkwaliteit ,spenen ,paratuberculose ,suckling - Abstract
The introduction of suckling systems in organic dairy calf rearing has the potential to enhance animal welfare in terms of ‘natural living’ and to live up to consumers’ expectations about organic agriculture. This study describes the implications of suckling systems in a practical organic dairy context. Results show that farmers can successfully develop and implement a suckling system in calf rearing. The consumption of mothers’ milk resulted in high weaning weights at 3 months of age. No immediate animal health problems linked to suckling systems occurred. Compared with traditional bucket feeding of milk, suckling systems resulted in increased natural behaviour such as calff–cow bonding, natural sucking behaviour and care-taking behaviour. Some farmers had difficulties accepting negative implications of suckling systems such as stress after weaning and loss of marketable milk. Although suckling of the own mother was seen as the most natural suckling system, farmers adapted their suckling system to calves suckling nurse cows. In order to implement successfully a suckling system, farmers have to step back from control and give calf and cow a chance. In the case of increasing ‘natural living’ through implementation of a suckling system, farmers should be encouraged to take enough time to accomplish this attitude change.The introduction of suckling systems in organic dairy calf rearing has the potential to enhance animal welfare in terms of 'natural living' and to live up to consumers' expectations about organic agriculture. This study describes the implications of suckling systems in a practical organic dairy context. Results show that farmers can successfully develop and implement a suckling system in calf rearing. The consumption of mothers' milk resulted in high weaning weights at 3 months of age. No immediate animal health problems linked to suckling systems occurred. Compared with traditional bucket feeding of milk, suckling systems resulted in increased natural behaviour such as calf-cow bonding, natural sucking behaviour and care-taking behaviour. Some farmers had difficulties accepting negative implications of suckling systems such as stress after weaning and loss of marketable milk. Although suckling of the own mother was seen as the most natural suckling system, farmers adapted their suckling system to calves suckling nurse cows. In order to implement successfully a suckling system, farmers have to step back from control and give calf and cow a chance. In the case of increasing 'natural living' through implementation of a suckling system, farmers should be encouraged to take enough time to accomplish this attitude change.
- Published
- 2007
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94. Modélisation mécaniste multi-échelles de la propagation de Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis pour évaluer des stratégies de maîtrise régionales
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Beaunée, Gaël, Unité de biométrie et intelligence artificielle de jouy, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire Agroalimentaire et de l'Alimentation Nantes Atlantique, Pauline Ezanno, and Elisabeta Vergu
- Subjects
Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis ,stratégies de maîtrise ,modèle épidémiologique ,métapopulation ,modélisation multi-échelles ,paratuberculose ,[INFO]Computer Science [cs] ,réseau de contact ,inférence bayésienne ,[MATH]Mathematics [math] - Published
- 2015
95. Transmission de Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis dans les troupeaux de bovins laitiers et dépistage de l’infection par la culture de l’environnement au Québec
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Doré, Elizabeth, Fecteau, Gilles, and Paré, Julie
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Facteurs de risque ,Johne’s disease ,Risk factors ,Paratuberculosis ,Maladie de Johne ,Transmission ,Culture bactériologique ,Dairy cattle ,Paratuberculose ,Environment ,Vache laitière ,Bacteriologic culture ,Environnement - Abstract
Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) cause la maladie de Johne, une maladie chronique et incurable affectant les ruminants partout dans le monde. Plusieurs pays ont mis en place des programmes de contrôle afin de prévenir la transmission entre et au sein des troupeaux. Afin d’arriver à prévenir et contrôler cette maladie, une bonne compréhension des facteurs de risque impliqués dans la transmission est essentielle. Des tests diagnostiques performants et à coût abordable sont aussi nécessaires afin de détecter la présence du MAP et/ou les animaux infectés. L’objectif de la première étude était de réviser systématiquement la littérature scientifique concernant les facteurs de risque associés à la transmission du MAP aux génisses laitières. La présence d’une association significative entre les facteurs de risque concernant l’environnement néonatal, le colostrum, le lait, le logement des veaux et le contact des veaux avec le fumier de vaches adultes et la transmission du MAP a été compilée de 23 articles. Le contact des veaux avec le fumier de vaches adultes est le facteur de risque le plus important dans la transmission du MAP. L’objectif de la seconde étude était d’évaluer la relation entre le nombre d’échantillons de l’environnement positifs pour le MAP et la prévalence individuelle d’excrétion fécale dans les troupeaux laitiers entravés du Québec. Le nombre de cultures positives d’échantillons de l’environnement s’est avéré associé à la prévalence individuelle d’excrétion fécale du MAP. Une association significative a été trouvée entre la présence d’une forte charge bactérienne dans un échantillon de fumier individuel et la détection du MAP dans l’environnement., Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) causes Johne’s disease, a chronic and incurable enteric disease of ruminants that has a worldwide distribution. Many countries have implemented control programs to prevent transmission between and within herds. For these to be efficient, knowledge of the risk factors involved in transmission is essential. Efficient and cost effective diagnostic tests are also necessary to detect presence of MAP. The objective of the first study was to systematically review the scientific literature concerning risk factors associated with MAP transmission to dairy calves. Presence of a significant association between risk factors concerning neonatal environment, colostrum, milk, housing of calves and contact of calves with adult cow feces and MAP transmission were recorded from 23 articles. The contact of calves with adult cow feces appeared to be the most important risk factor in MAP transmission. The 5 categories of risk factors are linked one to each other. The objective of the second study was to evaluate the relation between the number of positive samples for MAP in the environment and the prevalence of individual fecal shedding in Québec tie-stall dairy herds. The number of positive cultures of environmental samples was associated with the prevalence of individual fecal shedding of MAP. A significant association was found between presence of a heavy bacterial load in an individual fecal sample and environmental detection of MAP.
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- 2015
96. Paratuberculosis in beef cattle in the southern region of Rio Grande do Sul: occurrence and differential diagnosis
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Fiss, Letícia and Schild, Ana Lucia P.
- Subjects
Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis ,CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::MEDICINA VETERINARIA::PATOLOGIA ANIMAL [CNPQ] ,Veterinária ,Diarreia em bovinos adultos ,Paratuberculose ,Bovinos de corte ,Senecio spp - Abstract
Submitted by Ubirajara Cruz (ubirajara.cruz@gmail.com) on 2017-03-28T16:35:14Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Tese_Leticia_Fiss_Resumo.pdf: 132018 bytes, checksum: bf6cc9a5c580e6d6228123ddca70c8d1 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Aline Batista (alinehb.ufpel@gmail.com) on 2017-03-28T21:01:19Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Tese_Leticia_Fiss_Resumo.pdf: 132018 bytes, checksum: bf6cc9a5c580e6d6228123ddca70c8d1 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-28T21:01:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Tese_Leticia_Fiss_Resumo.pdf: 132018 bytes, checksum: bf6cc9a5c580e6d6228123ddca70c8d1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-09-30 Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq Esta tese relata um surto de paratuberculose diagnosticado em bovinos de corte em uma propriedade na região Sul do Rio Grande do Sul. Foram descritos os aspectos epidemiológicos e clínico-patológicos da doença. Os animais eram criados extensivamente e apresentaram quadro de emagrecimento progressivo e diarreia crônica. O diagnóstico foi realizado pelas lesões macroscópicas e pela histopatologia. Fragmentos dos órgãos foram fixados em formalina 10%, incluídos em parafina, cortados com 5 μm de espessura e corados pela técnica de hematoxilina e eosina (HE) e Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN). Fezes foram encaminhadas ao Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Área de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva da Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco para o cultivo de Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis em meio Löwenstein Jensen com micobactina e para realização da PCR. Histologicamente havia enterite granulomatosa principalmente no dudeno, jejuno, íleo, ceco, colon e reto. Havia, ainda, linfangite e linfaadenite granulomatosa. Pela coloração de ZN foram observados numerosos bacilos álcool-ácido resistentes (BAAR) no interior de macrófagos, células gigantes de Langhans e nos linfonodos mesentéricos no duodeno, jejuno, íleo ceco e reto. Não houve crescimento bacteriano nas amostras de fezes e cinco amostras amplificaram a sequência genética IS900 específica do Mycobacterium avium subesp. paratuberculosis. Concluiu-se que a paratuberculose ocorre, também, em bovinos de corte criados extensivamente no sul do Rio Grande do Sul e pode ter uma prevalência maior do que se supõe na região, sendo necessárias medidas efetivas de controle desta doença que, por vezes, ainda é considerada exótica no Brasil. Por ser uma doença ainda pouco diagnosticada e pouco conhecida na região e que apresenta sinais clínicos inespecíficos, um segundo trabalho foi realizado visando determinar as principais doenças que ocorrem na região Sul do Rio Grande do Sul, que cursam com diarreia e afetam bovinos de corte maiores de dois anos de idade. Para isso realizou-se um levantamento nos arquivos do Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico identificando-se os protocolos de necropsia nos quais era mencionada a diarreia como um sinal clínico relevante. Observou-se que as causas de diarreia em bovinos com dois anos ou mais de idade são poucas e bem conhecidas na região, sendo de fácil diagnóstico. Destaca-se a intoxicação por Senecio spp., em bovinos maiores de três anos, que causa prejuízos econômicos relevantes devido a sua ampla distribuição na região do estudo e ao seu difícil controle. Com relação aos bovinos entre dois e três anos as parasitoses de modo geral foram as mais importantes causas de diarreia representando 70% dos casos. This thesis reports an outbreak of paratuberculosis diagnosed in beef cattle at a farm in the southern region of Rio Grande do Sul.
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- 2015
97. Commercial dairy goat in the Zona da Mata region of Minas Gerais : organization of production and the occurrence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map)
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Souza, Marina de Castro Campos de, Bevilacqua, Paula Dias, Nero, Luis Augusto, Rodrigues, Marcelo Teixeira, and Moreira, Maria Aparecida Scatamburlo
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Caprino - Doenças ,Paratuberculose ,Mycobacterium avium ,Medicina Veterinária Preventiva - Abstract
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico Minas Gerais é o principal produtor de leite de cabra na região Sudeste e o terceiro principal estado do país nessa atividade. A paratuberculose é uma enfermidade intestinal crônica, causada por Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map), que acomete principalmente ruminantes e é transmitida pela ingestão de alimentos ou água contaminados por fezes de animais acometidos. O objetivo do trabalho foi identificar e caracterizar Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis em fazendas de caprinos leiteiros da Zona da Mata de Minas Gerais. Foram estudadas dez propriedades, caracterizadas através da aplicação de um questionário com a pessoa responsável pelo manejo. Foram coletadas amostras de fezes e de leite dos 467 animais amostrados, que foram inoculadas em meio HEYM. As amostras de leite e as colônias suspeitas foram submetidas à PCR e aquelas consideradas positivas foram sequenciadas. Onze (2,36%) animais foram considerados positivos para a presença de Map, em quatro (40%) propriedades. Através das técnicas utilizadas, concluiu-se que Map está presente nas propriedades de caprinos leiteiros da Zona da Mata de Minas Gerais. Com esse estudo, foi possível analisar e caracterizar os diferentes modos de produção de leite de cabra empregados na Zona da Mata. Os produtores têm relativa instrução, mas ainda convivem com a baixa produtividade e o baixo rendimento da produção, o que leva a maioria a necessitar de outras fontes de renda. O incentivo governamental exerce papel fundamental na mudança do cenário atual da caprinocultura leiteira dessa mesorregião e, levando à estruturação da cadeia produtiva, alcança melhores resultados de produção e geração de emprego e renda no meio rural. The participation of dairy goat in the Brazilian agricultural scenario has increased and has consolidated as profitable. Minas Gerais is the main producer of goat's milk in the Southeast and the third largest state in the country in this activity. The paratuberculosis is a chronic intestinal illness caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map), which mainly affects ruminants and is transmitted by ingesting food or water contaminated by feces of affected animals. The objective was to identify and characterize Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in dairy goat farms in the Zona da Mata of Minas Gerais. Ten properties were studied, characterized by applying a questionnaire to the person responsible for the handling. Samples of feces and milk were collected of 467 animals studied, and inoculated in HEYM medium. Samples of milk and suspected colonies were submitted to PCR, and the samples considered positive were sequenced. Eleven (2.36%) animals were considered positive for the presence of Map, in four (40%) properties. Through the techniques used, it was concluded that Map is present in dairy goats properties of Zona da Mata of Minas Gerais. With this study, we analyzed and characterized different types of goat production used in the Zona da Mata. Producers have relative education, but still living with low productivity and low income of their production, which leads most in need of other sources of income. The government incentive plays a fundamental role in changing the current scenario of dairy goat at this region and, leading to the structuring of the production chain, achieves better results of production and generation of employment and income in rural areas.
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- 2015
98. Paratuberculosis in beef cattle in Southern Brazil
- Author
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Pedro Paulo Feitosa de Albuquerque, Mauro P. Soares, Clairton Marcolongo-Pereira, Letícia Fiss, Ana Lucia Schild, Bianca Lemos dos Santos, Rinaldo Aparecido Mota, and Maria de Lourdes Adrien
- Subjects
Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,lcsh:Veterinary medicine ,General Veterinary ,Langhans giant cell ,bovinos ,Paratuberculosis ,Ileum ,Biology ,Paratuberculose ,medicine.disease ,Enteritis ,Ileocecal valve ,Cecum ,Doença de Johne ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,PCR ,Intestinal mucosa ,cattle ,Mycobacterium avium subsp. Paratuberculosis ,medicine ,Mesenteric lymph nodes ,lcsh:SF600-1100 - Abstract
Resumo:Descrevem-se os aspectos epidemiológicos e clínico-patológicos de paratuberculose diagnosticada no sul do Rio Grande do Sul em uma propriedade de bovinos de corte. Dois bovinos criados extensivamente que apresentavam emagrecimento progressivo e diarreia crônica foram necropsiados. Os linfonodos mesentéricos estavam aumentados e edematosos. A mucosa do intestino estava espessada e enrugada com aspecto cerebroide principalmente na porção final do íleo, válvula íleo-cecal e ceco. Fragmentos dos órgãos foram fixados em formalina 10%, incluídos em parafina, cortados e corados pela técnica de hematoxilina e eosina (HE) e Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN). Fezes foram encaminhadas ao Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Área de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva da Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco para o cultivo de Mycobacterium aviumsubsp.paratuberculosis em meio Lowenstein Jensen com micobactina e para realização da PCR. Histologicamente, havia enterite granulomatosa no jejuno, íleo, ceco e reto, afetando multifocalmente, também, o duodeno e o cólon. Havia, ainda, linfangite e adenite granulomatosa. Pela coloração de ZN foram observados numerosos bacilos álcool-ácido resistentes (BAAR) no interior de macrófagos, células gigantes de Langhans e nos linfonodos mesentéricos no jejuno, íleo ceco e reto. Não houve crescimento bacteriano nas amostras de fezes e cinco amostras amplificaram a sequência genética IS900 específica do Mycobacterium aviumsubesp. paratuberculosis. Pelo presente trabalho pode-se concluir que a paratuberculose apesar dos poucos relatos ocorre também em bovinos de corte criados extensivamente no sul do Rio Grande do Sul e pode ter uma prevalência maior do que se supõe na região. Alerta-se para a necessidade do diagnóstico e da tomada de medidas efetivas de controle para esta doença que, por muitos, ainda é considerada uma doença exótica no Brasil. Abstract:The epidemiological, clinical and pathological aspects of paratuberculosis diagnosed in southern Rio Grande do Sul in a beef cattle property are described. Two cattle raised extensively and that presented progressive weight loss and chronic diarrhea were necropsied. The mesenteric lymph nodes were enlarged and edematous. The intestinal mucosa was thickened and wrinkled with cerebroid aspect, especially in the final portion of the ileum, ileocecal valve and cecum. Fragments of the organs were fixed in 10% formalin, embedded in paraffin, sectioned and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN). Feces samples were referred to Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Área de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva da Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, for the cultivation of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis with Löwenstein Jensen for mycobacterial and PCR analysis. Histologically, granulomatous enteritis was observed in the jejunum, ileum, cecum and rectum, and in multifocal areas the duodenum and colon. Lymphangitis and granulomatous adenitis was also observed. In ZN staining numerous resistant acid-fast bacilli (AFB) within macrophages, giant cells of Langhans and mesenteric lymph nodes in the jejunum, ileum cecum and rectum were observed. There was no bacterial growth in stool samples. Five samples amplified the gene sequence IS900 specific for Mycobacterium aviumsubsp. paratuberculosis. It can be concluded that paratuberculosis, despite the few reports, occurs in beef cattle raised extensively in southern Rio Grande do Sul, Paratuberculosis may have a higher prevalence in the region than it is assumed. There is need for diagnosis of this disease and to assume effective measures for its control, as for many it is still considered an exotic malady in Brazil.
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- 2015
99. Mycobaciterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP): Identification in water and risk factors to its presence in bowel biospies
- Author
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Braga, Isis de Freitas Espeschit, Bevilacqua, Paula Dias, Ferrari, Maria de Lourdes Abreu, and Moreira, Maria Aparecida Sca- tamburlo
- Subjects
Intestino - Doenças ,Paratuberculosis ,Água - Contaminação ,Ruminantes - Doenças ,Paratuberculose ,Mycobacterium avium ,Crohn, Doença de ,Medicina Veterinária Preventiva - Abstract
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP) é o agente etiológico da doença de Johne ou paratuberculose, enterite granulomatosa crônica caracterizada por diarreia persistente e perda de peso progressiva que acomete ruminantes. Pode também ser isolado a partir de amostras intestinais de pacientes humanos, com doenças intestinais, principalmente portadores da doença de Crohn. Essa é uma doença de etiologia desconhecida, que se caracteriza por inflamação crônica, focal, assimétrica transmural e ocasionalmente granuloma- tosa, que pode acometer qualquer segmento do tubo digestivo. O isolamento de MAP e as semelhanças entre os processos clínicos e histopatológicos da paratuberculose e da doença de Crohn são algumas das razões pelas quais se investiga o potencial zoonótico da bactéria. As principais vias de eliminação do agente são através do leite e das fezes que contaminam os pastos e, direta ou indiretamente os cursos d’agua podendo dessa forma infectar humanos pela ingestão de água contendo o micro-organismo viável. MAP é uma bactéria resistente e responsável por grandes prejuízos econômicos e produtivos, sendo demonstrada sua sobrevivência no ambiente por longos períodos, além da resistência a pasteurização e à agentes de desinfecção aplicados ao tratamento da água para consumo humano. Diante disso, o estudo teve como objetivos: - identificar fatores de risco envolvidos com a presença de MAP em amostras de intestino humano, através da aplicação de questionário, em conjunto com da- dos prévios sobre a presença da bactéria em amostras de biópsias intestinais de pacientes portadores de Doença de Crohn, retocolite ulcerativa e portadores de doenças intestinais não inflamatórias, -verificar a presença do agente na água para consumo humano e animal através de PCR convencional e do cultivo microbiológico de amostras coletados em 10 propriedades de caprinocultura leiteira da Zona da Mata Mineira e realizar uma revisão bibliográfica dos estudos sobre a paratuberculose na América Latina. Quanto às amostras de água, MAP foi identificado viável em quatro (40%) das amostras de consumo animal, e identificado por PCR em três (30%) das de consumo humano além de uma quinta amostra de consumo animal (10%). Esse resultado demonstra o papel da água como reservatório do agente, mantendo o ciclo de infecção ativo e servindo de amostra confiável para o diagnóstico da presença do agente no rebanho já que, aparentemente não está condicionada a eliminação intermitente, como ocorre com as fezes desses animais. Nesse estudo também puderam ser identificados fatores de risco para a ocorrência do agente na água e em biópsias intestinais humanas, como o consumo de leite e derivados informais, assim como histórico familiar de agravos intestinais. Na América Latina MAP foi pesquisado em 10 países e identificado em nove, infectando, bovinos, caprinos e animais silvestres. Os resultados desse estudo contribuem para a identificação de fatores de risco envolvidos na transmissão de MAP para humanos, permitindo a sugestão de medidas que previnam ou reduzam a exposição ao agente. Esses fatores de risco identificados também demonstram a importância do leite na veiculação do agente por leite e produtos lácteos, com destaque para aqueles que não passaram pela pasteurização. Além disso, os estudos sobre água auxiliaram a elucidação do papel da ingestão da água na transmissão do agente, que não é pesquisado na rotina de tratamento, indicando exposição ao agente para humanos pode ser dar através do consumo de água contaminada por fezes de animais com paratuberculose. Esse estudo foi o primeiro sobre o agente na água no Brasil, e um dos poucos no mundo. Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP) is the etiologic agent of Johne's disease or paratuberculosis, a chronic granulomatous enteritis characterized by persistent diarrhea and progressive weight loss that may affects ruminants. MAP is also be isolated from intestinal samples from human patients with intestinal diseases, particularly Crohn's disease patients. This is a disease of unknown etiology that is characterized by chronic inflammation, focal, transmural asymmetric and occasionally granulomatous lesions, which can affect any segment of the digestive tract. The isolation of MAP and the similarities between the clinical and pathologic processes of paratuberculosis and Crohn's disease are some of the reasons for investigating the zoonotic potential of bacteria. The main agent’s disposal routes are through feces and milk that contaminate pastures and directly or indirectly the watercourses and can thus infect humans by drinking water containing viable microorganism. MAP is a resistant bacteria and responsible for significant economic and productive loss, and demonstrated its survival in the environment for long periods, in addition to the resistance to pasteurization and disinfection agents applied to water treatment for human consumption. Thus, the study aimed to: - identify risk factors involved with the presence of MAP in human gut samples, through the questionnaire, together with previous data on the presence of bacteria in samples of intestinal biopsies of patients Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis and patients with non- inflammatory intestinal diseases, -check the agent's presence in the water for human and animal consumption by conventional PCR and microbiological culture samples collected in 10 properties of dairy goat of the Zona da Mata Mineira and,- conduct a literature review of the studies on paratuberculosis in Latin America. As for the water samples, MAP was identified feasible in four (40%) of the samples of animal feed, and identified by PCR in three (30%) of human consumption as well as a fifth sample of animal consumption (10%). This result demonstrates the role of water as an agent of the reservoir, keeping the active infection cycle and serving as a reliable sample for the diagnosis of the agent's presence in the herd since apparently is not subject to intermittent shedding, as with the feces of these animals. In this study could also be identified risk factors for the occurrence of the agent in in human intestinal biopsies, as the consumption of unpasteurized milk and informal derivatives as well as family history of bowel diseases. In Latin America MAP was investigated in 10 countries and identified in nine, infecting, cattle, goats and wild animals. The results of this study contribute to the identification of risk factors involved in the MAP transmission to humans, allowing the suggestion of measures to prevent or reduce exposure. These identified risk factors also demonstrate the importance of milk in placement agent for milk and milk products, especially those who have not gone through the pasteurization. Furthermore, studies on water helped to elucidate the role of water ingestion in the transmission of the agent, which is not searched in routine treatment, indicating exposure to the agent for humans can occur through the consumption of water contaminated by faeces of animals carrying paratuberculosis. This study was the first about the agent in water in Brazil, and one of the few in the world.
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- 2015
100. Paratuberculose caprina: Seroprevalência de Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map) em caprinos no nordeste de Portugal e principais fatores associados: resultados preliminares
- Author
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Quintas, Helder and Coelho, Ana Cláudia
- Subjects
Caprinos ,Fatores de risco ,Paratuerculose ,Paratuberculose ,Seroprevalência - Abstract
A paratuberculose apresenta elevada seroprevalência em caprinos no nordeste de Portugal. Foi efectuado um estudo epidemiológico em 95 explorações caprinas do nordeste de Portugal para a deteção de anticorpos contra Mycobacterium avium subsp. Paratuberculosis usando um ensaio imunoenzimático comercial (kit ELISA). Através da realização de inquéritos nas explorações estudaram-se os principais factores de risco presentes nas explorações. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
- Published
- 2015
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