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Pairing cryptosystems are extremely powerful mathematical tools for developing cryptographic protocols that can provide end-to-end security for applications like Internet-of-Things (IoT), cloud services and cyber-physical systems (CPS). However, these applications require the implementations to be light-weight but still real-time, with the additional feature of being flexible. The flexibility can come from different choices of underlying algorithms along with suitable parameter choices. A software implementation offers better flexibility but lacks in timing performance, whereas custom hardware delivers better performance but has poor flexibility. Furthermore, the designs over small characteristic curves are now insecure against recent attacks. Existing designs do not address the drawback of less flexibility and huge resource consumption collectively. In this article, we present a micro-program controlled hardware design which has the least resource consumption among the similar existing designs on FPGA that offer such programmability and flexibility. This redundant number arithmetic-based architecture consumes only 2506 slices on Xilinx Virtex-7 FPGA. It can be migrated to other device families or updated for different algorithms without data-path or control-path modification. To enhance the flexibility, we developed a custom assembly-like finite state machine (FSM) description, called Prism, and necessary tool to generate the micro-program states. To illustrate the functionality of Prism, we present designs for Tate and Optimal-Ate pairing with the micro-program states generated using this tool. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report ab initio calculations of the S wave pairing gap in neutron matter calculated using realistic nuclear Hamiltonians that include two- and three-body interactions. We use a trial state, properly optimized to capture the essential pairing correlations, from which we extract ground state properties by means of auxiliary field diffusion Monte Carlo simulations. We extrapolate our results to the thermodynamic limit by studying the finite-size effects in the symmetry-restored projected Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (PBCS) theory and compare our results to other ab initio studies done in the past. Our quantum Monte Carlo results for the pairing gap show a modest suppression with respect to the mean-field BCS values. These results can be connected to cold atom experiments, via the unitarity regime where fermionic superfluidity assumes a unified description, and they are important in the prediction of thermal properties and the cooling of neutron stars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With nucleons occupying several shell model j orbits, the isovector pair creation operator A¹ μ (creates a two particle state with angular momentum J = 0 and isospin T = 1) is no longer unique. Choosing it to be a sum of single-j isovector pair creation operators each with a phase, there will be multiple pair SO(5) algebras with isospin; with r number of j orbits, there will be 2r-1 SO(5) algebras each with a corresponding complementary Sp(2Ω) algebra [2Ω = Pj(2j+1)] that gives seniority and reduced isospin quantum numbers. Three applications of multiple SO(5) algebras are presented demonstrating the usefulness of considering SO(5) pairing algebras with general sign factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Incompressible fluid equations are studied with UV cut-off and in periodic boundary conditions. Properties of the resulting ODEs holding uniformly in the cut-off are considered and, in particular, are conjectured to be equivalent to properties of other time reversible equations. Reversible equations with the same regularization and describing equivalently the fluid, and the fluctuations of large classes of observables, are examined in the context of the “Chaotic Hypothesis”, “Axiom C” and the “Fluctuation Theorem”. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We investigate finite systems of N paired fermions, common in atomic nuclei, for example. These systems exhibit quantum mechanical features akin to those of superconductors. We discover, however, some specific N dependent effects that can not be attained in the thermodynamics limit of ordinary superconductivity. In particular, an important fact is uncovered: there is a strong correlation between the temperature T and the number of fermions N. A certain temperature increase ΔT produces, in thermal quantifiers (such as the entropy), quite different effects if N=4 or N=25. In fact, whether a given temperature value should be regarded as high or low can not be ascertained independent of the N value.

In this paper we present a family of transforms that map existentially unforgeable signature schemes to signature schemes being strongly unforgeable. In spite of rising security, the transforms let us make a signature on a union of messages at once. The number of elements in this union depends on the signing algorithm of a scheme being transformed. In addition to that we define an existentially unforgeable signature scheme based on pairings, which satisfies all assumptions of the first part and is able to be subjected to transformation.

Cloud storage enables data owners to use any device to store and access data anytime, anywhere. In a data auditing scheme, the data owner can entrust a third party auditor (TPA) to verify that the outsourced data remains unchanged. A secure data auditing scheme not only detects whether cloud service providers (CSP) maintain data integrity, but also prevents TPA from stealing data. In this paper, a new identity-based data auditing (IBDA) scheme for cloud storage systems is proposed. In the scheme, the data owner generates the tags using its private key and data blocks, and then uploads the data blocks along with the tags to CSP. In the challenge-proof phase, before returning the proof information, CSP performs the addition operation between the hash function value and the data block to hide the data, thereby preventing TPA from stealing the data. This scheme is proved to be secure in the random oracle model. Analysis of efficiency shows that it is more efficient than other schemes.

The algebraic group theory approach to pairing in nuclei is an old subject and yet it continues to be important in nuclear structure, giving new results. It is well known that for identical nucleons in the shell model approach with j − j coupling, pairing algebra is SU(2) with a complementary number-conserving Sp(N) algebra and for nucleons with good isospin, it is SO(5) with a complementary number-conserving Sp(2Ω) algebra. Similarly, with L − S coupling and isospin, the pairing algebra is SO(8). On the other hand, in the interacting boson models of nuclei, with identical bosons (IBM-1) the pairing algebra is SU(1, 1) with a complementary number-conserving SO(N) algebra and for the proton–neutron interacting boson model (IBM-2) with good F-spin, it is SO(3, 2) with a complementary number-conserving SO(ΩB) algebra. Furthermore, in IBM-3 and IBM-4 models several pairing algebras are possible. With more than one j or ℓ orbit in shell model, i.e., in the multi-orbit situation, the pairing algebras are not unique and we have the new paradigm of multiple pairing [SU(2), SO(5) and SO(8)] algebras in shell models and similarly there are multiple pairing algebras [SU(1, 1), SO(3, 2) etc.] in interacting boson models. A review of the results for multiple multi-orbit pairing algebras in shell models and interacting boson models is presented in this article with details given for multiple SU(2), SO(5), SU(1, 1) and SO(3, 2) pairing algebras. Some applications of these multiple pairing algebras are discussed. Finally, multiple SO(8) pairing algebras in shell model and pairing algebras in IBM-3 model are briefly discussed.

A two-party authenticated key exchange (AKE) protocol allows each of the two parties to share a common secret key over insecure channels, even in the presence of active adversaries who can actively control and modify the exchanged messages. To capture the malicious behaviors of the adversaries, there have been many efforts to define security models. Amongst them, the extended Canetti–Krawczyk (eCK) security model is considered one of the strongest security models and has been widely adopted. In this paper, we present a simple construction of a pairing-based eCK-secure AKE protocol in the standard model. Our protocol can be instantiated with a suitable signature scheme (i.e., an existentially unforgeable signature scheme against adaptive chosen message attacks). The underlying assumptions of our construction are the decisional bilinear Diffie–Hellman assumption and the existence of a pseudorandom function. Note that the previous eCK-secure protocol constructions either relied on random oracles for their security or used somewhat strong assumptions, such as the existence of strong-pseudorandom functions, target collision-resistant functions, etc., while our protocol construction uses fewer and more-standard assumptions in the standard model. Furthermore, preserving the same security argument, our protocol can be instantiated with any appropriate signature scheme that comes in the future with better efficiency.

Fully pairing all elements of a set while attempting to maximize the total benefit is a combinatorically difficult problem. Such pairing problems naturally appear in various situations in science, technology, economics, and other fields. In our previous study, we proposed an efficient method to infer the underlying compatibilities among the entities, under the constraint that only the total compatibility is observable. Furthermore, by transforming the pairing problem into a traveling salesman problem with a multi-layer architecture, a pairing optimization algorithm was successfully demonstrated to derive a high-total-compatibility pairing. However, there is substantial room for further performance enhancement by further exploiting the underlying mathematical properties. In this study, we prove the existence of algebraic structures in the pairing problem. We transform the initially estimated compatibility information into an equivalent form where the variance of the individual compatibilities is minimized. We then demonstrate that the total compatibility obtained when using the heuristic pairing algorithm on the transformed problem is significantly higher compared to the previous method. With this improved perspective on the pairing problem using fundamental mathematical properties, we can contribute to practical applications such as wireless communications beyond 5G, where efficient pairing is of critical importance. As the pairing problem is a special case of the maximum weighted matching problem, our findings may also have implications for other algorithms on fully connected graphs.

The cheese wine pairing is a beloved combination subject to a certain subjectivity due to sensorial, psychological, chemical, and cultural factors. This work represents a first attempt to explore the in vitro interactions between cheese, wine, and saliva to objectively measure the pairing. Two experimental red wines obtained from the same grape cultivar and four different cheeses were studied for their composition. Binding reactions between wine and cheese were carried out in three simulated tasting trials and, after precipitation, the wine phenolic content, Saliva Precipitation Index (SPI), and total proteins were evaluated. The optimal pairing (OP) was calculated considering the decrease in salivary and cheese proteins by wine, defined as the cleansing effect; the decrease in astringency due to the cheese, measured by the SPI, and the coating fat which would remain in mouth after eating a piece of cheese. Based on obtained results, the semi-hard cheese was identified as the best pairing option for the two experimental red wines. The differences in the phenolic content between the two wines were instead not enough to show a significant influence on the OP. The in vitro cheese wine pairing can contribute to understanding of wine tasting but it is only a part of the puzzle. However, this first contribution paves the way for additional studies on the molecular and chemical interactions involved in aroma and textural perception in simulated trials., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (© 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

The purpose of the study is to characterise shipping as a new communicative reality in youth virtual culture based on the analysis of linguistic facts - neologisms. Lexical innovations are considered as evidence of the emergence and spread of new communicative realities. The text analyses the conceptual content of borrowed words which function in the Russian language while forming one thematic group: the verb shipperit ('to ship'), as well as the lexemes associated with it (derivatives, analogues). The group of borrowed words, which was absent in the Russian 20 years ago, signifies the fact that the Internet users create a phantom reality in accordance with their own experiences. Namely, they fantasise about the romantic relationships of famous bloggers, public figures or characters in comics, films, and books. It is emphasised that the analysed words belong to the vocabulary of the new 'digital' communication and characterise the behaviour of Generation Z (Zoomers). The relationship between mental action ('fantasise') and speech act ('write about my fantasy on social media') seems to be inseparable. The actions of adolescents become a link in the chain of online communication, as bloggers embody these ideas and maintain the game to retain and expand their audience. Users with the same fantasies find each other and unite in groups (fandoms). Quasi-reality creates new communication links. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three-dimensional eukaryotic genome organization provides the structural basis for gene regulation. In Drosophila melanogaster, genome folding is characterized by somatic homolog pairing, where homologous chromosomes are intimately paired from end to end; however, how homologs identify one another and pair has remained mysterious. Recently, this process has been proposed to be driven by specifically interacting ‘buttons’ encoded along chromosomes. Here, we turned this hypothesis into a quantitative biophysical model to demonstrate that a button-based mechanism can lead to chromosome-wide pairing. We tested our model using live-imaging measurements of chromosomal loci tagged with the MS2 and PP7 nascent RNA labeling systems. We show solid agreement between model predictions and experiments in the pairing dynamics of individual homologous loci. Our results strongly support a button-based mechanism of somatic homolog pairing in Drosophila and provide a theoretical framework for revealing the molecular identity and regulation of buttons.

Revocable identity-based encryption (RIBE) is an extension of IBE with an efficient key revocation mechanism. Revocable hierarchical IBE (RHIBE) is its further extension with key delegation functionality. Although there are various adaptively secure pairing-based RIBE schemes, all known hierarchical analogues only satisfy selective security. In addition, the currently known most efficient adaptively secure RIBE and selectively secure RHIBE schemes rely on non-standard assumptions, which are referred to as the augmented DDH assumption and q-type assumptions, respectively. In this paper, we propose a simple but effective design methodology for RHIBE schemes. We provide a generic design framework for RHIBE based on an HIBE scheme with a few properties. Fortunately, several state-of-the-art pairing-based HIBE schemes have the properties. In addition, our construction preserves the sizes of master public keys, ciphertexts, and decryption keys, as well as the complexity assumptions of the underlying HIBE scheme. Thus, we obtain the first RHIBE schemes with adaptive security under the standard k-linear assumption. We prove adaptive security by developing a new proof technique for RHIBE. Due to the compactness-preserving construction, the proposed R(H)IBE schemes have similar efficiencies to the most efficient existing schemes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We explore relationships between phenomenology and developmental psychology through an in-depth analysis of a particular problem in social cognition: the most fundamental access to other minds. In the first part of the paper, we examine how developmental science can benefit phenomenology. We explicate the connection between cognitive psychology and developmental phenomenology as a form of constructive phenomenological psychology. Nativism in contemporary science constitutes a strong impulse to conceive of the possibility of an innate ability to perceive others' mental states, an idea which also has a transcendental implication. In the second part, we consider how phenomenology can contribute to developmental science. Phenomenology can go beyond the necessary evaluation and reinterpretation of experimental results. Some phenomenological notions and theories can be put forward on a par with alternative cognitive-psychological models and compete with them on grounds of empirical adequacy. For example, Husserl and Merleau-Ponty's notion of pairing can constitute a viable account of how infants access other minds. We outline a number of ways in which this account can be tested and can thus contribute to generating empirical knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From 2013 to 2023, wine consumption in Mexico experienced remarkable growth, and its production has extended to 14 of the 32 states in the Mexican Republic. Mexican wine is central to Mexican gastronomy, representing the country's flavors, tastes, customs, and traditions. This review aims to provide an overview of the culture of wine in Mexican gastronomy, exploring its historical and current context in Mexican viticulture. An exhaustive compilation of studies focused on the integration of wine into Mexican cuisine was carried out. Based on the reviewed information, wine regions in Mexico combine wine with Mexican cuisine. This integration is carried out through activities that foster economic growth and promote the dissemination of each region's culture, flavors, culinary techniques, and ingredients. Mexican wines, with their distinctive profiles and characteristics, can complement and balance the complexity of recipes based on nixtamalized corn, sauces, spices, chili peppers, and various ingredients used in Mexican cuisine. Therefore, wine and food pairing become the ideal element to reflect this culinary diversity and highlight the flavors of both elements, thus generating a particular gastronomic experience. These actions arouse great interest since they seek to boost the economy of the viticulture and restaurant sectors while reflecting the eno-gastronomic and historical richness that Mexico can offer the world. • This review contributes to the state of the art regarding wine culture in Mexican gastronomy. • The Mexican culture of wine has been historically limited and less accessible to the public. • Mexican wines can complement and balance the complexity of Mexican cuisine recipes. • The synergy between local gastronomy and enotourism has promoted the Mexican wine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today, data is exploding. A large amount of data needs to be processed in a timely and an efficient manner. Aggregate signatures are an efficient and secure way to handle large numbers of digital signatures. In an aggregate signature scheme, n signatures on n messages from n users can be combined into a single signature, which can make anyone believes that the n messages were indeed signed by the n corresponding users. In the recent decade, numerous certificateless aggregate signature (CLAS) schemes have been introduced. In most CLAS schemes currently known, the number of hash-to-point operations and the size of signature increase linearly with the number of signers, so they are not suitable for computing restricted devices, such as mobile devices. In this paper, a new CLAS scheme is constructed, which requires only two pairing operations and the signature contains only one point and state information. It is more efficient than the previous ones and suit for the mobile devices.

A ring signature is an anonymous signature that implements both the authentication of the message and the anonymity of the signer. In a “normal” ring signature scheme, the same signer can generate multiple ring signatures, but the verifier cannot find this fact. Linkable ring signature (LRS) solves the problem. In the setting, the identity of the signer is still anonymous, and if the same signer generates multiple ring signatures, the verifier can confirm the fact. Linkable ring signatures are applied to some actual scenarios, such as e-cash, e-voting and ad-hoc network authentication. In this paper, we presented a new identity-based linkable ring signature scheme that avoids certificate management. We then gave the security proofs in the random oracle model (ROM) and compared the efficiency of it with the previous schemes. The new scheme requires only 7 pairing operations in signing and verifying. It is the most efficient linkable ring signature in the identity-based setting.

Today, more and more business activities are done through online transactions. How to protect the personal privacy of customers in online transactions has become an urgent issue. Blind signature (BS) is suitable for online transactions because it can hide the specific content of the signed message. The security proofs of most BS schemes are given in the random oracle model (ROM). As we all know, the cryptographic scheme that is proven to be secure in ROM may be insecure in practical applications. In this paper, we fist study the security requirements for identity-based BS (IBBS) scheme, then design a concrete IBBS scheme and show the security proofs in the standard model. Finally, we compare the proposed scheme with the other two BS schemes. Requiring only three pairing operations, the proposed scheme is much efficient and is suitable for online transactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The copulation of insects takes place in antipodal, inverse antipodal, sympodal, inverse sympodal, reverse sympodal, pseudosympodal, epipodal, reverse epipodal, crucipodal, semiepipodal, reverse semiepipodal, clinopodal, schizopodal, reverse schizopodal, inverse schizopodal, semischizopodal, reverse semischizopodal, orthopodal, reverse orthopodal, lateralopodal, parallelopodal, indirect parallelopodal, indirect frontalopodal, pseudoepipodal, inverse pseudoepipodal, cyclopodal, pseudocyclopodal and sinusoidal position of male and female. The copulation of stick insects or walking sticks (Phasmatodea) takes mainly place in epipodal and semiepipodal position of male and female as well as subordinately to accessorily also in crucipodal, schizopodal, parallelopodal, inverse antipodal, orthopodal and antipodal position of both partners, whereas other positions of male and female do not occur in the pairing of stick insects or walking sticks. The copulation of heelwalkers or gladiators (Mantophasmatodea) takes exclusively place in epipodal and partially established crucipodal position of male and female, whereas other positions of both partners do not occur in the pairing of heelwalkers or gladiators. The copulation of ice crawlers and rock crawlers (Grylloblattodea) takes mainly place in epipodal and partially established crucipodal position of male and female as well as subordinately also in antipodal position of both partners, whereas other positions of male and female do not occur in the pairing of ice crawlers and rock crawlers. The copulation of cockroaches (Blattodea) takes almost exclusively place in antipodal position of male and female and only occasionally probably also in epipodal position of both partners, whereas other positions of male and female do not occur in the pairing of cockroaches. The copulation of twisted wings (Strepsiptera) takes exclusively place in inverse pseudoepipodal position of male and female, whereas other positions of both partners do not occur in the pairing of twisted wings. The copulation of fringed wings or thripses (Thysanoptera) takes place in reverse epipodal, reverse semiepipodal, crucipodal, reverse schizopodal and antipodal position of male and female, whereas other positions of both partners do not occur in the pairing of fringed wings or thripses. The copulation of earwigs (Dermaptera) takes mainly place in antipodal position of male and female as well as subordinately to accessorily also in schizopodal and parallelopodal position of both partners, whereas other positions of male and female do not occur in the pairing of earwigs. The copulation of moss bugs or beetle bugs (Hemiptera: Coleorrhyncha) takes probably place in epipodal position of male and female. The copulation of fleas (Siphonoptera) takes exclusively place in reverse epipodal position of male and female, whereas other positions of both partners do not occur in the pairing of fleas. The copulation of barklice and booklice (Psocoptera) takes mainly place in reverse epipodal position of male and female as well as subordinately also in antipodal and reverse orthopodal position of both partners and possibly sometimes even in epipodal position of male and female, whereas other positions of both partners do not occur in the pairing of barklice and booklice. The copulation von plant lice (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha) takes mainly place in epipodal and orthopodal position of male and female and occasionally also in schizopodal and parallelopodal position of both partners, whereas other positions of male and female do not occur in the pairing of plant lice. The copulation of lice (Phthiraptera) takes mainly place in reverse epipodal and inverse antipodal position of male and female as well as possibly occasionally also in epipodal and schizopodal position of both partners, whereas other positions of male and female do not occur in the pairing of lice. The copulation of ground lice or angel insects (Zoraptera) takes mainly place in inverse antipodal position of male and female as well as subordinately also in reverse epipodal and parallelopodal position of both partners, whereas other positions of male and female do not occur in the pairing of ground lice or angel insects. The copulation of jumping bristletails (Archaeognatha), silverfish or fishmoths (Zygentoma) and two-pronged bristletails (Diplura) takes exclusively place in indirect parallelopodal position of male and female, whereas other positions of both partners do not occur in the pairing of jumping bristletails, silverfish or fishmoths and two-pronged bristletails. The copulation of springtails (Collembola) takes mainly place in indirect parallelopodal position of male and female and subordinately also in indirect frontalopodal position of both partners, whereas other positions of male and female do not occur in the pairing of springtails. The different positions during the copulation of stick insects or walking sticks (Phasmatodea), heelwalkers or gladiators (Mantophasmatodea), ice crawlers and rock crawlers (Grylloblattodea), cockroaches (Blattodea), twisted wings (Strepsiptera), fringed wings or thripses (Thysanoptera), earwigs (Dermatoptera), moss bugs or beetle bugs (Hemiptera: Coleorrhyncha), fleas (Siphonaptera), barklice and booklice (Psocoptera), plant lice (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha), lice (Phthiraptera), ground lice or angel insects (Zoraptera), jumping bristletails (Archaeognatha), silverfish or fishmoths (Zygentoma), springtails (Collembola) and two-pronged bristletails (Diplura) are described, and the systematical distribution of the different positions during the pairing is explained and illustrated with examples from the individual orders, families and genera of stick insects or walking sticks (Phasmatodea), heelwalkers or gladiators (Mantophasmatodea), ice crawlers and rock crawlers (Grylloblattodea), cockroaches (Blattodea), twisted wings (Strepsiptera), fringed wings or thripses (Thysanoptera), earwigs (Dermatoptera), moss bugs or beetle bugs (Hemiptera: Coleorrhyncha), fleas (Siphonaptera), barklice and booklice (Psocoptera), plant lice (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha), lice (Phthiraptera), ground lice or angel insects (Zoraptera), jumping bristletails (Archaeognatha), silverfish or fishmoths (Zygentoma), springtails (Collembola) and two-pronged bristletails (Diplura). Distribution and abundance of the different positions in the copulation of male and female in the different orders of insects are summarized in the tables 1 - 6 in the attachment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Access to early intensive behavioral intervention for children with autism spectrum disorder is commonly recommended. Intervention programs may include high rates of instructional trials, which may evoke escape-maintained problem behavior. Recent research on "pairing" or "rapport-building" interventions have sought to reduce the likelihood that problem behavior occurs during instruction using antecedent manipulations. The current study evaluated a structured intervention that included differential reinforcement and demand fading to increase participants' response allocation to instructional settings without the use of physical guidance. Nine minimally verbal girls under the age of 6 years with autism spectrum disorder enrolled in the study. The protocol was effective for seven of the nine participants. One participant did not complete the protocol due to competing behavior and an additional participant did not require the intervention. Our findings suggest that the structured intervention was effective in increasing appropriate behavioral repertoires that are necessary for children with autism spectrum disorder to effectively benefit from early educational programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report ab initio calculations of the S wave pairing gap in neutron matter calculated using realistic nuclear Hamiltonians that include two- and three-body interactions. We use a trial state, properly optimized to capture the essential pairing correlations, from which we extract ground state properties by means of auxiliary field diffusion Monte Carlo simulations. We extrapolate our results to the thermodynamic limit by studying the finite-size effects in the symmetry-restored projected Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (PBCS) theory and compare our results to other ab initio studies done in the past. Our quantum Monte Carlo results for the pairing gap show a modest suppression with respect to the mean-field BCS values. These results can be connected to cold atom experiments, via the unitarity regime where fermionic superfluidity assumes a unified description, and they are important in the prediction of thermal properties and the cooling of neutron stars.

Considered the cross-domain authentication of mobile devices in the Internet of things,a certificate based anonymous cross-domain authentication scheme was proposed.First,combined with the characteristics of PKI and IBS,a certificate based signature (CBS) algorithm was proposed，and the security of the proposed CBS scheme was proved.The verification result of the signature in the algorithm was constant,which ensured the anonymity of the authentication entities in the cross-domain process.The algorithm does not contain pairing,and avoids complex certificate management in traditional PKI and the key escrow and distribution of IBS.Then a cross-domain authentication scheme for mobile devices was constructed by combining the proposed signature algorithm.The scheme ensures the anonymity of authentication at the same time.Finally,compared with other schemes,the scheme proposed is more secure and has less computation cost and communication cost.Moreover,the scheme is simple and efficient,and could be applied to the cross-domain authentication of mobile devices.

Every semester, a new batch of final year students needs to find a topic and a supervisor to complete their final year project requirement. The problem with the current approach is that it is based on first come first serve. So, the pairing between student and supervisor is not the optimal ones, i.e. some students may not get their preferred topic or supervisor. Plus, it is also time consuming for both students and supervisors. The researcher is motivated to solve this long overdue problem by applying a stable marriage model that is introduced by Gale and Shapley hence the name Gale-Shapley Algorithm. To determine the functionality of this approach, a system prototype has been constructed and a random dataset is used. The result, 60% of the students get their first choice topics while the remaining students get their second or third choice. This is a remarkable outcome considering the time and effort saved compared to the current process. Therefore, stable marriage model is applicable in solving student-topic pairing

Autism Spectrum Disorder is diagnosed when individuals demonstrate repetitive behaviours and restricted interests, especially in relation to social stimuli, that make it difficult for them to access socially reinforcing environments. Consequently, in most cases, behaviour analytic interventions initially have to focus on the establishment/conditioning of effective reinforcers. A systematic review was conducted of the literature on conditioned reinforcement that identified 33 relevant articles (published between 2002 and 2017). This article reports on the content analysis and quality of evidence and offers a summary of the findings reported in these papers. Four lines of research were identified: classical conditioning, operant conditioning, observational learning, and comparison studies. Differences and similarities are reported concerning procedures, type of stimuli to be conditioned, responses measured, reported effectiveness, and quality of evidence. Recommendations for future research and clinical practice are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In an aggregate signature scheme, $n$ signatures on $n$ different messages from $n$ users can be combined into a single signature. By verifying the signature, the verifier believes that $n$ users did generate the $n$ corresponding signatures. In the recent decade, numerous certificateless aggregate signature (CLAS) schemes have been introduced. There are two issues with these schemes. First, it was in the random oracles model (ROM) that the security proofs of these schemes were given. ROM is an idealized model. A signature scheme is not necessarily secure in real life even if it has proven to be safe in ROM. Second, the number of hash-to-point operations increases linearly with the number of signers in these schemes, so that are not suited for the computation-constrained devices (such as mobile devices). In this article, a new certificateless signature scheme is constructed. Based on it, a new CLAS scheme is proposed. Under the hypothesis that it is hard to solve a computation Diffie–Hellman problem, two schemes are proved to be secure in the standard model. The CLAS scheme needs only three pairing operations and does not need a hash-to-point operation, taken into account the computation cost, it is more efficient than previous CLAS schemes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces the problem of automatic font pairing. Font pairing is an important design task that is difficult for novices. Given a font selection for one part of a document (e.g., header), our goal is to recommend a font to be used in another part (e.g., body) such that the two fonts used together look visually pleasing. There are three main challenges in font pairing. First, this is a fine-grained problem, in which the subtle distinctions between fonts may be important. Second, rules and conventions of font pairing given by human experts are difficult to formalize. Third, font pairing is an asymmetric problem in that the roles played by header and body fonts are not interchangeable. To address these challenges, we propose automatic font pairing through learning visual relationships from large-scale human-generated font pairs. We introduce a new database for font pairing constructed from millions of PDF documents available on the Internet. We propose two font pairing algorithms: dual-space $k$ -NN and asymmetric similarity metric learning (ASML). These two methods automatically learn fine-grained relationships from large-scale data. We also investigate several baseline methods based on the rules from professional designers. Experiments and user studies demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed dataset and methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Schistosoma japonicum is a waterborne parasite that causes schistosomiasis in humans and in more than 40 animal species. Schistosoma japonicum shows distinct genetic differentiation among geographical populations and multiple hosts, but the genetic diversity of different developmental stages of S. japonicum from is less studied. Such studies could elucidate ecological mechanisms in disease transmission by analysing feedbacks in individual physiology and population state. Methods: After infection using cercariae from a pool of snails shedding together (Method I) and infection using mixed equal numbers of cercariae from individually shed snails (Method II), different developmental stages of S. japonicum were genotyped with microsatellite loci, including 346 cercariae, 701 adult worms and 393 miracidia. Genetic diversity and molecular variation were calculated at different population levels. Kinships (I′) among cercariae at intra-snail and inter-snail levels were evaluated. Genetic distance (Dsw) was compared between paired and unpaired worms, and partner changing was investigated through paternity identification for miracidia. Results: The cercaria clones in individual snails varied from 1 to 8 and the kinship of cercariae within individual snails was significant higher (P < 0.001) than that among different snails after deleting near-identical multi-locus genotypes (niMLGs). The allelic diversity of worms in Method I was lower (P < 0.001) than that in Method II, and allele frequency among mice in Method I was also less consistent. The parents of some miracidia were worms that were not paired when collected. The Dsw between each female of paired and unpaired males was much larger (P < 0.001) than that between the female and male in each pair. Conclusions: Most of the infected snails contained multiple miracidia clones. The aggregation of genetically similar S. japonicum miracidia in individual snails and the unbalanced distribution of miracidia among snails suggests a non-uniform genetic distribution of cercariae among snails in the field. This further influenced the genetic structure of adult worms from infections with different cercariae sampling methods. Schistosoma japonicum in mice can change paired partner, preferring to mate with genetically similar worms. These characteristics provide implications for understanding the balance in genetic diversity of S. japonicum related to the transmission of schistosomiasis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently Perera et al. introduced two new binocular accuracy measures to evaluate diagnostic tests for paired organs. They adopted the Gaussian copula model to account for correlation between fellow eyes. As the measures are functions of several joint probabilities and due to the nature of the joint models, variations of the estimates for the two new measures were assessed via bootstrapping. We provide a different approach to inference about the two interesting and innovative measures. In our opinion, when patients are independent, the binomial models suffice for inference about the parameters of interest. Inference becomes simple and straightforward. We perform numerical studies and analyse the data set as of Perera et al. for illustration. Also, we investigate thru simulations the issue of robustness of the Gaussian copula and the binomial models under model misspecification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we present a family of transforms that map existentially unforgeable signature schemes to signature schemes being strongly unforgeable. In spite of rising security, the transforms let us make a signature on a union of messages at once. The number of elements in this union depends on the signing algorithm of a scheme being transformed. In addition to that we define an existentially unforgeable signature scheme based on pairings, which satisfies all assumptions of the first part and is able to be subjected to transformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study points out the new theoretical and social aspects that involve Chief Executive Officers (CEOs) in companies' strategies, through a bibliometric study with pairing techniques, with data from the period between 1992 and 2019. The studies on CEOs are intrinsically linked to strategic decision-making. The results indicate the researchers' concern with corporate governance, experience and learning, analysis of compensations and remunerations related to the contracts, in addition to the relevance of the CEOs' profile. This study contributes to theory, suggesting the multidisciplinarity that involves the decision making and research model for similar studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, numerous certificateless encryption (CLE) schemes have been introduced. The security proofs of most schemes are given under the random oracle model (ROM). In the standard model, the adversary is able to calculate the hash function instead of asking the challenger. Currently, there is only one scheme that was proved to be secure in SM. In this paper, we constructed a new CLE scheme and gave the security proofs in SM. In the new scheme, the size of the storage space required by the system is constant. The computation cost is lower than other CLE schemes due to it needs only two pairing operations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent algorithmic improvements of discrete logarithm computation in special extension fields threaten the security of pairing-friendly curves used in practice. A possible answer to this delicate situation is to propose alternative curves that are immune to these attacks, without compromising the efficiency of the pairing computation too much. We follow this direction, and focus on embedding degrees 5 to 8; we extend the Cocks–Pinch algorithm to obtain pairing-friendly curves with an efficient ate pairing. We carefully select our curve parameters so as to thwart possible attacks by "special" or "tower" Number Field Sieve algorithms. We target a 128-bit security level, and back this security claim by time estimates for the DLP computation. We also compare the efficiency of the optimal ate pairing computation on these curves to k = 12 curves (Barreto–Naehrig, Barreto–Lynn–Scott), k = 16 curves (Kachisa–Schaefer–Scott) and k = 1 curves (Chatterjee–Menezes–Rodríguez-Henríquez). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a Lightweight and Secure Tree-based Routing protocol (LSTR) for Wireless Sensor Networks. The security of data routing from sensor nodes to the Base Station (BS) is achieved based on an efficient ID-based authenticated key-agreement protocol. LSTR reduces the number of required keys to a single permanent private-key preloaded in sensor nodes. This key is used subsequently to generate authenticated pairwise keys with other nodes without further digital signatures or certificates. As a result, LSTR achieves both node's authenticity and confidentiality during data delivery at low cost and without involving the BS. In addition, a single message must be transmitted by the nodes for both the routing-tree construction and key-establishment at the same time, and which reduces the communication overheads. The performance analysis results show that LSTR reduces the storage requirements, the communication overheads and the energy dissipation compared to similar relevant works, particularly during the key-establishment. Additionally, the robustness of our scheme is highlighted through a security analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Diploid germline cells must undergo two consecutive meiotic divisions before differentiating as haploid sex cells. During meiosis I, homologs pair and remain conjoined until segregation at anaphase. Drosophila melanogaster spermatocytes are unique in that the canonical events of meiosis I including synaptonemal complex formation, double-strand DNA breaks, and chiasmata are absent. Sex chromosomes pair at intergenic spacer sequences within the ribosomal DNA (rDNA). Autosomes pair at numerous euchromatic homologies, but not at heterochromatin, suggesting that pairing may be limited to specific sequences. However, previous work generated from genetic segregation assays or observations of late prophase I/prometaphase I chromosome associations fail to differentiate pairing from maintenance of pairing (conjunction). Here, we separately examined the capability of X euchromatin to pair and conjoin using an rDNA-deficient X and a series of Dp(1;Y) chromosomes. Genetic assays showed that duplicated X euchromatin can substitute for endogenous rDNA pairing sites. Segregation was not proportional to homology length, and pairing could be mapped to nonoverlapping sequences within a single Dp(1;Y). Using fluorescence in situ hybridization to early prophase I spermatocytes, we showed that pairing occurred with high fidelity at all homologies tested. Pairing was unaffected by the presence of X rDNA, nor could it be explained by rDNA magnification. By comparing genetic and cytological data, we determined that centromere proximal pairings were best at segregation. Segregation was dependent on the conjunction protein Stromalin in Meiosis, while the autosomal-specific Teflon was dispensable. Overall, our results suggest that pairing may occur at all homologies, but there may be sequence or positional requirements for conjunction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The copulation of insects takes place in antipodal, inverse antipodal, sympodal, inverse sympodal, reverse sympodal, pseudosympodal, epipodal, reverse epipodal, semiepipodal, reverse semiepipodal, clinopodal, schizopodal, inverse schizopodal, semischizopodal, orthopodal, reverse orthopodal, lateralopodal, parallelopodal, pseudoepipodal, cyclopodal, pseudocyclopodal and sinusoidal position of male and female. The copulation of beakflies (Mecoptera) takes mainly place in schizopodal and sympodal position of male and female as well as subordinately also in epipodal and antipodal position of both partners, whereas an inverse antipodal, inverse sympodal, reverse sympodal, pseudosympodal, reverse epipodal, semiepipodal, reverse semiepipodal, clinopodal, inverse schizopodal, semischizopodal, orthopodal, reverse orthopodal, lateralopodal, parallelopodal, pseudoepipodal, cyclopodal, pseudocyclopodal and sinusoidal position of both partners does not occur in the pairing of beakflies. The copulation of beakflies (Mecoptera) takes place in different positions in the scorpionflies (Panorpidae), the hangingflies (Bittacidae) and the snow scorpionflies (Boreidae). The schizopodal position of both partners in the pairing occurs in the copulation of beakflies (Mecoptera) only in the scorpionflies (Panorpidae) but not in the hangingflies (Bittacidae) and the snow scorpionflies (Boreidae). The epipodal position of both partners in the pairing occurs in the copulation of beakflies (Mecoptera) only in the snow scorpionflies (Boreidae) but not in the scorpionflies (Panorpidae) and the hangingflies (Bittacidae). The sympodal position of both partners in the pairing and the antipodal position of both partners in the pairing occur in the copulation of beakflies (Mecoptera) only in the scorpionflies (Panorpidae) and the hangingflies (Bittacidae) but not in the snow scorpionflies (Boreidae). The copulation of snakeflies (Raphidioptera) takes mainly place in inverse antipodal, epipodal, semiepipodal and antipodal position of male and female as well as subordinately also in semischizopodal position of both partners, whereas a sympodal, inverse sympodal, reverse sympodal, pseudosympodal, reverse epipodal, reverse semiepipodal, clinopodal, schizopodal, inverse schizopodal, orthopodal, reverse orthopodal, lateralopodal, parallelopodal, pseudoepipodal, cyclopodal, pseudocyclopodal and sinusoidal position of both partners does not occur in the pairing of snakeflies. The copulation of alderflies (Megaloptera: Sialidae) takes place in epipodal, reverse semiepipodal, orthopodal, lateralopodal and antipodal position of male and female, whereas an inverse antipodal, sympodal, inverse sympodal, reverse sympodal, pseudosympodal, reverse epipodal, semiepipodal, clinopodal, schizopodal, inverse schizopodal, semischizopodal, reverse orthopodal, lateralopodal, parallelopodal, pseudoepipodal, cyclopodal, pseudocyclopodal and sinusoidal position of both partners does not occur in the pairing of alderflies. The copulation of fishflies (Megaloptera: Corydalidae) takes place in antipodal, epipodal and clinopodal position of male and female, whereas an inverse antipodal, sympodal, inverse sympodal, reverse sympodal, pseudosympodal, reverse epipodal, semiepipodal, reverse semiepipodal, schizopodal, inverse schizopodal, semischizopodal, orthopodal, reverse orthopodal, lateralopodal, parallelopodal, pseudoepipodal, cyclopodal, pseudocyclopodal and sinusoidal position of both partners does not occur in the pairing of fishflies. The copulation of stoneflies (Plecoptera) takes mainly place in epipodal position of male and female as well as subordinately also in antipodal, lateralopodal, schizopodal, inverse schizopodal and orthopodal position of both partners, whereas an inverse antipodal, sympodal, inverse sympodal, reverse sympodal, pseudosympodal, reverse epipodal, semiepipodal, reverse semiepipodal, clinopodale, semischizopodal, reverse orthopodal, parallelopodal, pseudoepipodal, cyclopodal, pseudocyclopodal and sinusoidal position of both partners does not occur in the pairing of stoneflies. The copulation of caddisflies (Trichoptera) takes mainly place in antipodal position of male and female as well as subordinately also in schizopodal, orthopodal and pseudosympodal position of both partners, whereas an inverse antipodal, sympodal, inverse sympodal, reverse sympodal, epipodal, reverse epipodal, semiepipodal, reverse semiepipodal, clinopodal, inverse schizopodal, semischizopodal, reverse orthopodal, lateralopodal, parallelopodal, pseudoepipodal, cyclopodal, pseudocyclopodal and sinusoidal position of both partners does not occur in the pairing of caddisflies. The copulation of mayflies (Ephemeroptera) takes mainly place in reverse semiepipodal position of male and female as well as subordinately also in antipodal and sympodal position of both partners, whereas an inverse antipodal, inverse sympodal, reverse sympodal, pseudosympodal, epipodal, reverse epipodal, semiepipodal, clinopodal, schizopodal, inverse schizopodal, semischizopodal, orthopodal, reverse orthopodal, lateralopodal, parallelopodal, pseudoepipodal, cyclopodal, pseudocyclopodal and sinusoidal position of both partners does not occur in the pairing of mayflies. The different positions during the copulation of beakflies (Mecoptera), snakeflies (Raphidioptera), alderflies (Megaloptera: Sialidae), stoneflies (Plecoptera), caddisflies (Trichoptera) and mayflies (Ephemeroptera) are described, and the systematical distribution of the different positions during the pairing is explained and illustrated with examples from the individual orders, families and genera of beakflies (Mecoptera), snakeflies (Raphidioptera), alderflies (Megaloptera: Sialidae), stoneflies (Plecoptera), caddisflies (Trichoptera) and mayflies (Ephemeroptera). Distribution and abundance of the different positions in the copulation of male and female in the most important orders of insects are summarized in the tables 1 - 3 in Mader (2019). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In community management services, it is a common requirement for management centers to send the same encrypted message to some units and individuals in the community, while avoiding the leakage of personal information of the user. In order to achieve this goal safely and efficiently, the multi-receiver encryption is a good option. In the setting, a sender generates the ciphertext for a designed group of receivers. Any receiver in the group can obtain the plaintext by decrypting the ciphertext using his own private key, and the true identity of the receiver is kept secret to anyone including other receivers. Recently, several certificateless multi-receiver encryption (CLMRE) schemes have been introduced, and all of them are proved to be secure in the random oracles model (ROM). ROM is a simulation of the hash function and can not replace the real hash function computation. In this paper, a new CLMRE scheme is constructed and it is proved to be secure based on decision bilinear Diffie–Hellman problem in the standard model (SM). It achieves the anonymity of the receivers and is suitable for smart community management systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the past, a large part of security requirements of wireless sensor networks (WSN) were fulfilled by symmetric cryptography systems. But, today by introduction of new needs in these networks and their security development, researchers of security and cryptography try to find new ways to increase efficiency and security of wireless sensor networks. Improving computational power of sensors used in wireless sensor networks made application of public key cryptography in WSN possible. Identity based cryptography is one important type of public key cryptography which using some bilinear functions called pairing functions was seriously applied. In this paper we will look at some researches done to find how to use pairings in wireless sensor networks.

In this work we report on recent microscopic calculations of K-isomeric states of two-quasiparticle character in well-deformed rare-earth nuclei and actinide nuclei. In these calculations we employ a Skyrme energy-density functional together with a seniority residual interaction in the Hartree-Fock-BCS approximation with selfconsistent blocking (SCB). The strength of the seniority interaction is calibrated in a consistent way: as some of us showed in Ref. [1] for rare-earth nuclei, the same strength can be obtained in a fit on moments of inertia of eveneven nuclei and in a fit on odd-even mass staggering. The former fitting protocol is used for the actinide nuclei studied here. Once the seniority force was adjusted we calculated properties of variousK-isomeric states without additional parameters. Overall we have obtained a rather good agreement with available data around 154Nd and in the 234U-236Pu region. We also found that an octupole deformation lowers the excitation energy of the Kπ = 6- isomer in 234U. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]