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The use of the modal constructions with deber 'must' – the one where it is directly followed by an infinitive vs. the one where the particle de is inserted between them – proves relevant to a cognitive-functional approach to grammatical choice as the creation of meanings. In this study, the use of both constructions is quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed in a corpus of written-press and radio discourse from a Peninsular Spanish community. Deber-Ø is by far the dominant choice, usually appearing in deontic-modality utterances. Its sporadic use in epistemic contexts helps emphasize the speaker's certainty about the content, presenting it as a logical inference based on contextual premises. For its part, deber-de usually contributes to the mitigation of deontic utterances, favoring their interpretation as hypotheses or suggestions. The latter construction is strongly associated with conversational contexts and is rather infrequent in journalists' and radio broadcasters' discourse. The results show the usefulness of combining the study of quantitative patterns with that of contextual usage in order to reach a scientific explanation of morphosyntactic choice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

En el presente trabajo analizo críticamente dos estrategias empleadas para esclarecer la naturaleza modal de las estructuras tal como son concebidas por el realismo estructural óntico (REO) en su versión eliminativista: los patrones reales de Ladyman y Ross (2007) y las leyes y simetrías de French (2014). Ofrezco argumentos para mostrar que ambas resultan incapaces de brindar una caracterización de las estructuras como entidades inherentemente modales. Ese resultado impone serias dificultades al proyecto de presentar el REO como una posición realista acerca del mundo físico.

Copyright of Revista Signos is the property of Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this work, we study the linguistic variation of the ser de + infinitive construction with passive interpretation (Eso es de aplaudir) with examples taken from CORPES and Corpus del Español (Mark Davies). The consultation of both corpora has allowed us to confirm that the construction not only has more vitality in American Spanish, but that it presents two uncommon variants in European Spanish: it appears with accusative clitic (Eso es de aplaudirlo) and with the particle se (Eso es de admirarse). We will argue that this behavior responds to two different analyses: a passive one, which would explain the absence of a direct complement in general Spanish or the presence of particle se in some American varieties, and an impersonal active one (present mostly in Central America), which would in turn justify the presence of the accusative clitic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Human Review is the property of Eagora Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Romanische Philologie is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Los términos numéricos en el uso lingüístico no siempre reciben una interpretación exacta. A veces los hablantes de la lengua hacen lecturas intervalares como al menos o cuando mucho. Por ello este fenómeno ha capturado la atención de diversos estudiosos y ha generado un gran debate tanto a nivel teórico como empírico (Horn, 1972, Geurts, 2006; Carston, 2004). La investigación que aquí se presenta tuvo como objetivo estudiar experimentalmente el nivel de aceptación de lecturas intervalares cuando el término numérico es antecedido por un artículo definido, cuando tiene función semántica de predicado o cuantificador, y cuando se encuentra bajo el alcance de algún operador modal epistémico o deóntico. Los resultados sugieren que en ausencia de un contexto pragmático que sesgue hacia las interpretaciones intervalares, éstas tienen un bajo nivel de aceptación. Sin embargo, en contextos modales epistémicos y deónticos débiles sí existe una aceptación de las lecturas acotadas superiormente.

El presente artículo gira en torno a los cambios que se produjeron entre las formas de posterioridad en el español peninsular y en su variedad mexicana en los años 1929-2015. Basándonos en nuestro propio corpus que comprende veinte novelas (diez españolas y diez mexicanas), no solo llamamos la atención sobre la repartición de cantará, va a cantar y canta, sino que también analizamos con detenimiento el uso de cantaría, iba a cantar y cantaba. Además, nuestro análisis abarca las llamadas formas acompañantes: vaya a cantar, fuera a cantar, fuese a cantar, irá a cantar, iría a cantar, va a haber cantado e iba a haber cantado.

Writers' use of modality, an interpersonal linguistic resource commonly used for expressing probability, reveals key information about their claims. Most research on modality addresses L2 English learners, leaving a gap in research in advanced language development in other languages. This paper addresses this gap by studying how heritage language (HL) speakers of Spanish express doubt and probability in Spanish and how the lexicogrammatical features they use across genres reveal how they express these meanings. Drawing on Systemic Functional Linguistics and pragmatics, this study examines modality in 125 texts written in Spanish by HL students in the U.S., including narratives, expositions, article reviews, personal responses, and research papers. The results reveal that students use the most modality resources in personal responses and the least in reviews. This work offers insights about the interpersonal resources writers choose to express their argumentative stance and the socio-pragmatic competence in writing among HL students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Forma y Funcion is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias Humanas, Departamento de Linguistica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pragmalingüística is the property of Facultad de Filosofia y Letras, Universidad de Cadiz and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This work addresses two strategies that Spanish and other languages employ to codify the notion of 'resultant state': through a stative projection within the syntactic structure of the verb (internal resultant states: v.g. John disappeared for two years) and by means of the resultative construction with estar + past participle (derived resultant state; v.g. John was disappeared for two years). The contrast between both options is analyzed with respect to the position that the event argument which licenses the result reading occupies in the syntactic derivation, taking as a starting point a fine-grained model of the verbal phrase (or 'first phase') inspired by Ramchand (2008). In internal resultant states, the event dominates a stative projection; whereas in derived resultant states, the event is dominated by a stativizer external projection. Empirical consequences of this pattern are introduced for different domains: the interpretation of certain modifiers, the availability of present-oriented epistemic readings and the inclusion relation between Event Time and Reference Time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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INTRODUCTION. This paper reports on the digital practices of 18 high school students' when taking notes with the text processor Word about the characteristics of on-line dictionaries--Spanish and English monolingual dictionaries and English-Spanish and Spanish-English bilingual dictionaries. The students explored the dictionaries and, in order to get familiar with them, they worked with the English verb get. The approach implemented refers to literacy in digital textuality. METHOD. The study contemplates the identification of multimedia resources and textual modalities in the dictionaries and the description of digital writing in the notes. Classification and textual analysis involves the informativity criteria identified in the dictionaries: language use, digital searches, textual designs, intertextuality sources, coherence and interactivity, as well as digital cohesion in descriptive and expositive writing, intertextuality by means of images, hyper links and lexical and graphic references. RESULTS. The notes show a predominant use of practical tools in the dictionaries in comparison to coherence and interactivity. They also evidence difficulties to integrate expositive and descriptive writing with digital modalities of intertextuality, hypertextuality and referentiality. DISCUSSION. Consideration and identification of various aspects of textuality in dictionaries show various degrees of intentionality and performance through digital and multimodal resources. However, teaching and practice support is necessary to fully appreciate the information, as well as the digital writing in notes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article portrays the results of a doctoral research, which provides a critical perspective of the ideologically motivated poetic discourse written by three African American women from different centuries (XVIII, XIX and XX): Phillis Wheatley, Frances E. W. Harper and Rita Dove. By analyzing their work, we can have a broader insight of the ideological path African American women had to undertake from early ages until the emergence of the 20th century Black Feminist Movement. The author proposes a merged perspective of critical ideological discourse analysis and semantic dimensional analysis, in keeping with the line of research conducted by the Group of Semantic and Discourse Studies, School of Foreign Languages, University of Havana. Additionally, the author decided to introduce the triangulation procedures to holistically approach the different contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aimed to explore how 174 Spanish first language (L1) and foreign language (LX) users perceive emotionality and pleasantness in audiovisual and purely visual material eliciting blended emotions, and whether cultural background and Trait Emotional Intelligence (EI) are linked to emotion perception. Overall, LX users tended to provide higher ratings of emotionality and pleasantness than L1 users, suggesting that they might be aware of the LX detachment effect and overcompensate when providing emotion perception ratings. American participants rated the stimuli as more emotional and pleasant than Asian participants regardless of modality of presentation. On the other hand, Trait EI turned out to be unrelated to emotionality and pleasantness contrary to previous evidence suggesting a positive role of EI in decoding emotions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Lublin Studies in Modern Languages & Literature / Lubelskie Materialy Neofilologiczne is the property of Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Department of German & Applied Linguistics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ideas y Valores is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Considerando la faceta atenuadora de los diminutivos, en este estudio se analiza si en la variedad de Santiago de Chile existe variación sociolingüística en el empleo de los diminutos atenuadores en relación con los factores sexo, grupo socioeconómico y tipo de construcción narrativa. Para esto, se utiliza el marco conceptual y metodológico de la sociolingüística variacionista. El análisis se realiza sobre la base de 90 narraciones de experiencia personal: 36 individuales y 54 conversacionales. Del estudio se desprende que los diminutivos se elicitan más en narraciones individuales de hombres, y hombre con hombre en relatos conversacionales del grupo socioeconómico bajo. La ausencia de resultados estadísticamente significativos podría replantear la idea de que se trata de un fenómeno extendido transversalmente en la comunidad de habla estudiada.

El presente trabajo pretende analizar en detalle el comportamiento morfosintáctico de un conjunto de construcciones gramaticalizadas que permiten expresar la sorpresa en español, en particular el de Argentina. Entre esas construcciones incluimos las perífrasis del español general ir a + infinitivo y venir a + infinitivo que, pese a tener un significado eminentemente aspectual, codifican también el carácter sorpresivo o inesperado del evento. También nos detenemos en estructuras no perifrásticas que expresan en forma más o menos enfática la sorpresa e involucran el verbo ir (o variantes) combinado con otras palabras funcionales, como conjunciones o negación: va y… (y sus variantes viene y…, agarra y…), no va y…, no va que…. Luego de revisar esos datos, presentamos someramente la discusión teórica actual (aun no saldada) sobre la naturaleza de la miratividad e incorporamos el caso de una expresión inequívocamente mirativa, había sido (que), tal como aparece en dos variedades no estándares: el español rural de América del Sur y el español en contacto con guaraní, revisando su análisis en Avellana (2012, 2013), basada a su vez en la cartografía de las proyecciones funcionales de Cinque (1999) y Cinque & Rizzi (2016). Finalmente, sistematizamos nuestro propio análisis sobre las construcciones del español, tomando en cuenta los rasgos semánticos ligados a la miratividad (según Aikhenvald 2012), sus posiciones respecto de las proyecciones funcionales de Aspecto y Modo y el proceso de gramaticalización de verbos inacusativos, principalmente ir.

En este trabajo abordamos el estudio de las propiedades sintácticas y semánticas de la perífrasis . Desde el punto de vista semántico, se suele considerar que se trata de una perífrasis de inminencia. Nosotros ofrecemos argumentos en contra de esta caracterización, los cuales están basados en la asimetría que presentan en su comportamiento y la perífrasis de inminencia . Defendemos, por tanto, que su significado es otro y, en concreto, que expresa que se dan ciertas condiciones previas asociadas a la realización del evento denotado por el infinitivo. Desde el punto de vista sintáctico, mostramos que, a pesar de lo que podría seguirse en un primer momento de la denotación que proponemos, no es el resultado de elidir listo en . La razón es que no se comporta ni como esta construcción copulativa ni tampoco como con valor de finalidad en lo que respecta al estatus de para y la biclausalidad.

Copyright of Dilemas Contemporáneos: Educación, Política y Valores is the property of Dilemas Contemporaneos: Educacion, Politica y Valores and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Resumen: Las Academias de la lengua establecen prescripciones y recomendaciones sobre el uso de las perífrasis verbales con deber cuyo cumplimiento en el español actual se ha visto cuestionado por algunos lingüistas, como Blas Arroyo (2013) y Gómez Molina (2013), entre otros. Analizamos, en el Corpus del Español del Siglo XXI, el uso de deber (de) + infinitivo (n = 3364) para expresar las modalidades epistémica y deóntica, y su posible condicionamiento por factores lingüísticos, estilísticos y geográficos. Los resultados muestran que la norma académica, ya sea estricta o moderada, es acorde con la realidad de la lengua únicamente en la expresión de la modalidad deóntica. Asimismo, los usos no recomendados se ven favorecidos por la oralidad, por algunos tiempos verbales, como el presente de indicativo en la modalidad epistémica y el condicional simple en la modalidad deóntica, y por la procedencia dialectal de los hablantes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this article, framed in the field of Linguistic Historiography, is to study the definition of modality and mood from a corpus of Spanish grammars published between 1973 and 2009 and to analyze the conceptual confusion that is frequently produced in the meaning of modality and mood. To this end, we firstly examine the conceptual delimitation of modality and mood by revising different theoretical approaches. We also defend this conceptual delimitation as the step prior to studying the subjunctive mood. Regarding modality, we defend a wider conception of the definition of the speakers' attitude and in relation to mood we conceive its expression in language as the confluence of different parameters. In this context, we argue the definition of mood as a means of expressing modality. As far as the authors analyzed, we have found that less than half of them treat modality and only three of them delimitate adequately modality and mood. We have also found that a large percentage of the authors confuse these concepts and we attribute this fact to the conception of mood as the speakers' attitude, definition used by almost half of the authors. Finally, we note that some authors do not include a definition of mood and we argue that the complexity of this grammatical feature may be a possible explanation of this fact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Hipogrifo: revista de literatura y cultura del siglo de oro is the property of Hipogrifo: revista de literatura y cultura del siglo de oro and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Studia Iberystyczne is the property of Ksiegarnia Akademicka Sp. zo.o and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ágora: Estudos Clássicos em Debate is the property of Agora: Estudos Classicos em Debate and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Actas de Diseño is the property of Facultad de Diseno y Comunicacion, Fundacion Universidad de Palermo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Este artículo describe el desarrollo histórico de las construcciones lograr/conseguir+inf (p. ej., Pedro ha logrado ganar el premio). Basándonos en el análisis de casi 3000 ocurrencias fechadas entre 1700 y 2005, mostramos que lograr/conseguir+inf han experimentado un proceso de construccionalización, por el cual, desde significados de consecución o logro, adquirieron lecturas modales de capacidad ('ser capaz de hacer X') y contraexpectación ('es difícil que suceda X'). Utilizando la herramienta de la regresión logística, comprobamos que el aspecto y la polaridad oracional fueron de importancia crucial para este proceso debido a la estructura presuposicional del concepto de 'consecución'. El análisis, además, arroja luz sobre la cuestión de la alternancia entre los auxiliares cuasi sinónimos lograr y conseguir, demostrando (a) que la construccionalización se implementó más para conseguir+inf que para lograr+inf y (b) que la alternancia está en parte gobernada por la variación diatópica y diafásica. Finalmente, discutimos la relación entre la construccionalización y el concepto de perífrasis que se maneja en la gramática hispánica tradicional y proponemos que la construccionalización es un mejor indicador del estatus categorial de las construcciones verbales. This paper describes the historical development of lograr/conseguir+inf constructions, as in Pedro ha logrado ganar el premio 'Pedro has managed to win the price'. Our analysis of almost 3000 examples of the constructions dated between 1700 and 2005 demonstrates that lograr/conseguir+inf has undergone a constructionalization process by which modal capability ('was able to do X') and counterexpectancy ('it is difficult to do X') readings arose on the basis of the original meaning ('manage to do X'). Using logistic regression analysis, we show that sentence aspect and polarity were of crucial importance for the constructionalization process due to the presuppositional structure of the concept of 'achievement'. The analysis also sheds light on the alternation between the near-synonymous auxiliaries lograr and conseguir, demonstrating that (a) the conseguir+inf construction was affected by the constructionalization process to a greater degree and (b) the alternation is partially governed by diatopic and diaphasic variation. Finally, we discuss the relationship between constructionalization and periphrasticity as understood in traditional Spanish grammar and propose that constructionalization is a better indicator of the categorical status of verbal constructions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Inguruak is the property of Asociacion Vasca de Sociologia y Ciencia Politica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Canaria de Estudios Ingleses is the property of Universidad de La Laguna and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Borealis: An International Journal of Hispanic Linguistics is the property of Nordic Council for Reindeer Husbandry Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Borealis: An International Journal of Hispanic Linguistics is the property of Nordic Council for Reindeer Husbandry Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

En la bibliografía se considera que estar + gerundio constituye un mecanismo aspectual que da cuenta del desarrollo de un evento. Partiendo de esta descripción parece lógico que dicha estructura no se combine con estados, ya que estos carecen de propiedades dinámicas. No obstante, encontramos ejemplos como Juan está siendo amable que muestran lo contrario. Para justificar este fenómeno, se habla de “dinamización”. Este análisis, aun siendo adecuado, resulta parcial: oraciones como Juan fue amable permiten igualmente una interpretación eventiva sin que intervenga la citada perífrasis. Ello nos llevará a determinar que esta problemática no se resuelve desde la teoría del aspecto gramatical, sino que es necesario defender la existencia de una estructura homónima de tipo modal. Paralelamente, describiremos la semántica de seguir + gerundio de una manera casi idéntica a la de la perífrasis con estar en su valor aspectual.

Quine ha promovido una forma de escepticismo sobre los juicios de modalidad de re que cuestiona su función (práctica y teórica) y sugiere, en consecuencia, su eliminación. Wiggins, por su parte, ha argumentado que nuestros juicios ordinarios de individuación de objetos nos comprometen con un cierto esencialismo, con la aceptación de ciertos juicios de modalidad de re. Si Wiggins tuviera razón, tendríamos una respuesta potencial al escepticismo quineano de la función. Sin embargo, en este trabajo argumento que la propuesta de Wiggins es incapaz de proporcionar una respuesta satisfactoria al escepticismo quineano, pues presupone aquello mismo que está en cuestión: los compromisos esencialistas se siguen sólo de la adopción previa de otros juicios de modalidad de re cuya función está precisamente en entredicho.

The main aim of this study is to know and to describe the possibility expression paradigm’s configuration, focusing on, on the one hand, two specific adverbs – posiblemente and probablemente– and, on the other hand, a particular period, XIX century. We will consider some topics related to discourse markers, modality and linguistic change theory and we will analyze these two adverbs, which seem to be morphologically equivalent but which are not equal in their use and configuration.

En este estudio presentamos una descripción pragmagramatical del elemento si es que. Se trata de una combinatoria de dos elementos, el conector si y el operador de intensificación es que, que aparecen con frecuencia en determinados contextos de uso. Mediante el análisis cualitativo de ejemplos reales, trataremos de enumerar cuáles son los valores que adquiere en estos contextos teniendo en cuenta su inclusión en la macroestructura del discurso: dimensión informativa, modal y argumentativa. Para ello, veremos cómo los componentes internos de los enunciados introducidos por si es que se relacionan con el resto de elementos del texto y con la situación comunicativa, de tal manera que podamos identificar las características que son propias de esta estructura y qué la diferencia de otros fenómenos lingüísticos.

Analizamos enunciados de modalidad desiderativa, especialmente los introducidos por el operador discursivo ojalá, con la finalidad de ubicar en la estructura del enunciado la inserción de elementos pertenecientes al plano de la modalidad. Comprobando las características de términos como ojalá, su distribución, su incidencia, sus rasgos formales, podemos contribuir, por un lado, a su definición categorial y funcional y, por otro lado, a desentrañar la compleja dimensión de la modalidad.