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On July 26, 1895, Pierre Curie and Maria Sklodowska were married. On June 23, 1903, Maria presented her doctoral dissertation “Investigation of radioactive substances” at the Sorbonne, which described the results of hard work in previous years, including the isolation of new elements - polonium and radium. In the same 1903, Marie and Pierre Curie were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics “in recognition of the exceptional services they rendered to science through the joint research of radiation phenomena discovered by Professor Henri Becquerel”. She became the first female - laureate and remained the only one until 1935, when her daughter Irene was awarded the Nobel Prize. In 1911, Marie Curie received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry “for outstanding achievements in the development of chemistry: the discovery of the elements radium and polonium, the isolation of radium and the study of the nature and compounds of this remarkable element”. Marie Curie became the first and to date the only woman in the world -twice the Nobel Prize winner. After many years, the proposal of Marie and Pierre Curie on the use of radium in medicine has been implemented at the present time. Studied and proved its effectiveness in the treatment of bone metastases of prostate cancer. The merits of these scientists before the whole world can hardly be overestimated. Humanity gratefully keeps a good memory for great discoveries for the benefit of people.

Esta pesquisa tem por finalidade elucidar os desafios de mulheres cientistas e discutir a importância do papel feminino na Ciência. Realiza-se, então, uma investigação qualitativa, que utiliza a pesquisa bibliográfica como meio de obtenção de dados. Diante disso, verifica-se que o percurso da mulher na Ciência, em especial o de Marie Curie foi marcado por grandes dificuldades. Esta reconhecida cientista é um exemplo de que durante séculos as mulheres foram privadas de estudar, e tiveram que lidar com os mais variados empecilhos que surgiram e ainda surgem em seus caminhos. Marie Curie teve que lutar com muita competência e determinação para dar continuidade à sua carreira científica, ao ter que lidar com o preconceito e o descrédito. Dessa forma, impõe-se a constatação de que as jornadas das mulheres na Ciência foram árduas, penosas e exigiu delas não apenas inteligência, mas também coragem para enfrentar os obstáculos de gênero.

Radiation science and radiation biology are fields where milestones have been set by numerous woman researchers, as represented by Marie Curie. This shows that it is a research field that is like a model of research diversity in modern society. In this review, I will describe what kind of research activities I have conducted as a Japanese woman researcher in the field of radiation science research. In addition, as a Japanese woman radiobiologist, I will describe the sense of mission I felt after the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant accident and the research issues we must challenge in the future.As a Japanese woman researcher, I have felt a bias in gender balance in the field of science in Japan. Also, after the Fukushima nuclear Power Plant accident, I sometimes felt that woman researchers would be more suitable when sharing research results and specialized knowledge with the general public. In recent years, the importance of STEAM (Science-Technology-Engineering-Art-Mathematics) education has been highlighted all over the world, and I believe that the field of radiation science falls exactly into the STEAM education category. STEAM education is for people of all gender. I hope that radiation science research will lead to various younger generations, and that the gender balance of Japanese scientific researchers will increase.

The Leuven research team working on historical demography is grateful for their opportunity to have collaboratively and intensively worked with Professor Dr. Kees Mandemakers over an extended period of time. We wish him a wonderful emeritus status, not only in academia, but also in the warm nest of his family, relatives, children, and grandchildren. The three of us have known Kees for some time, but most closely since 2014, when we became formally engaged as project partners under the so-called LONGPOP-project, an EU funded Marie Curie grant, named Methodologies and Data mining techniques for the analysis of Big Data based on Longitudinal Population and Epidemiological Registers. The importance of our close professional relationship is best demonstrated by our work in producing the COR*-IDS 2020 database. The historical demographic dataset for the Antwerp arrondissement, a letter sample COR*-2010, recorded total sample size of +/- 33,000 residents of Antwerp for nearly seven decades and was already available. The LONGPOP project began in Autumn 2016, setting in motion a collaboration between ourselves at KU Leuven and Kees and his colleagues at the IISH. From the outset, we had purposefully worked closely with Kees' team, utilising their premier expertise in database management and the IDS towards the new release of our database, the Antwerp COR*-IDS dataset. Here we set out our recollections of that intellectual process, encompassing the personal and professional reflections of our close working relationship.

Summary For this issue, Luc Zimmer, professor of pharmacology and chair of the Neuropsychopharmacology Committee of the French Society of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, talked with Michel Hamon, honorary director of research at the French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) and honorary professor of neuropharmacology at Paris-Sorbonne (Pierre et Marie Curie) University. Some of the leading names in neuropsychopharmacology research are mentioned, pointing to significant conceptual advances that founded this discipline. The links between psychopharmacology and neuropharmacology are also discussed in the light of past collaborations. Finally, priorities are proposed for the emergence of the psychopharmacology of the future.

O presente manuscrito busca possíveis formas de trazer a cena o feminino enquanto agência formativa, visível e representada nos cursos de Licenciatura em Química, analisando quais os efeitos afetivos e de potencialidade podem ser mobilizados pela exibição de um documentário sobre a trajetória de Marie Curie na formação de professoras e professores do curso em questão. Para tal, utilizou-se um questionário semiestruturado contendo questões abertas e dissertativas, com o intuito de buscar registros de afetos, potencialidades e narrativas agenciadas pela história de vida de Marie Curie, os quais foram analisados a partir de uma análise narrativa guiada por conceituações Latourianas, evidenciando-se três pontos de afetação-potencialidade a partir deste recurso metodológico: a) A reflexão acerca do espaço do homem e das masculinidades nas ciências; b) As percepções do espaço feminino entre os interditos e reconhecimentos; e c) O feminino como catalizador das identificações. Eixos estes que organizam este manuscrito.

The purpose of this paper is to present descriptions of nurses and first female physcians in Serbia. I used different types of literary genres and applied methods of New Historcism, Literary Theory and Feminist Theories. The authors of these descriptions were women and men of different social status: princess/queen, nurse, actress, physician; police officer and a prison accountant. The princess Natalie Obrenović and the actress Milka Grgurova described the work of Serbian and Russian nurses in different places during the Serbo-Turkish War in 1876. Later in her memoir, Queen Natalie Obrenović wrote about a big humanitarian role of Belgrade women during the Serbo-Bulgarian War in 1885. The first Serbian police officer and one of the first Serbian female physicians described first female physicians in their diaries while Milutin A. Popović depicted compassionate nurses in the Album of female prisoners. These literary works have been keeping facts about important roles of Martha von Sabinin, a renowned Russian worker who in the past received many Serbian medals, but in the present has remained forgotten. Literature allows completer knowledge and a better understanding about the history of nurses and international bonds, but it also discovers counteractions. For example, Queen Natalie had a leadership role in organizing Belgrade women as nurses during the Serbo-Bulgarian War in 1885. These facts were not mentioned in the memoirs by a Head of the Army Medical Corps, Vladan Đorđević. While male authors shortly described Serbian female medical doctors and nurses, female authors provided more details in self-documenting their role and the role of women from other countries, especially Martha von Sabinin. Some important similarities between diaries by Draga Ljočić and Marie Curie are found and presented. The author of the paper stressed the need of thinking across disciplinary perspectives and borders.

Funding for data collection was provided by the BBC Natural History Unit, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (grant number SFRH/BD/30303/2006), the Icelandic Research Fund (i. Rannsóknasjóður) through a START Postdoctoral Fellowship (grant number 120248042) and a Project Grant (grant number 163060‐051), the National Geographic Global Exploration Fund (grant number GEFNE65‐12), a Marie Curie International Incoming Fellowship (project number 297116), the Office of Naval Research (grant number N00014‐08‐1‐0984), and a Russell Trust Award from the University of St. Andrews. Killer whale call repertoires can provide information on social connections among groups and populations. Killer whales in Iceland and Norway exhibit similar ecology and behavior, are genetically related, and are presumed to have been in contact before the collapse of the Atlanto-Scandian herring stock in the 1960s. However, photo-identification suggests no recent movements between Iceland and Norway but regular movement between Iceland and Shetland. Acoustic recordings collected between 2005 and 2016 in Iceland, Norway, and Shetland were used to undertake a comprehensive comparison of call repertoires of Northeast Atlantic killer whales. Measurements of time and frequency parameters of calls from Iceland (n = 4,037) and Norway (n = 1,715) largely overlapped in distribution, and a discriminant function analysis had low correct classification rate. No call type matches were confirmed between Iceland and Norway or Shetland and Norway. Three call types matched between Iceland and Shetland. Therefore, this study suggests overall similarities in time and frequency parameters but some divergence in call type repertoires. This argues against presumed past contact between Icelandic and Norwegian killer whales and suggests that they may not have been one completely mixed population. Postprint

I re-examine the raw data of the measurements of the half-life of 210Po from the Romanian physicist Stefania Maracineanu’s doctoral thesis, performed at the Institut du Radium, 1921–1923, under the supervision of Marie Curie. The half-life values reported in the thesis show relatively large divergences and a possible dependence on the (metallic) support on which the Po source was deposited. These findings influenced Maracineanu’s subsequent independent research, and later compelled her to claim priority for the discovery of artificial radioactivity. The present analysis of these data, performed with the least-squares method, certifies the outstanding accuracy of the experimental measurements by providing values with good agreement between the different series of measurements and an average value that is close to the currently adopted half-life value of this isotope. On the other hand, this analysis changes our perspective by showing that the rudimentary procedure Maracineanu used to processing the data introduced errors in her reported values, which favored a poor interpretation of the results.

Publisher's version (útgefin grein), We thank Global Vision International, J. Power, W. Collinson and K. Potgieter-Forssman for help with tracking the radio-collared animals. This project was an initiative of the Carnivore Conservation Programme of the Endangered Wildlife Trust, South Africa, and the Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Oxford University, U.K. Funding for J.F.K. was provided by a Research Fellowship from the Wildlife Conservation Society, New York, and a Marie Curie Fellowship from the European Commission, Brussels, Belgium. Sponsorship was provided by Jaguar Land Rover South Africa and De Beers Consolidated Mines.

This study investigates the potential of European universities as hosts for Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (MSCA) grantees. Factors explaining both the probability of a university hosting an MSCA grantee and its extent are estimated using a zero-inflated negative binomial regression model. Results reveal that the probability of hosting MSCA grantees increases significantly with excellence (research performance), size and country group of the university. In addition, a deepening of excellence (citations), international orientation and the teaching burden (student-staff ratio) are significant predictors for the extent of grantees. Based on the estimates, the relative performance of a university is identified by use of a frontier production function. This reveals that some universities in the Northwest of Europe host more MSCA grantees than would have been expected given their attributes, and certain top universities host fewer. These results could be related to marketing and support activities that partially offset the importance of research performance or alternative models for financing.

Yi Liu obtained his PhD degree in chemistry in 2004 from the University of California, Los Angeles, under the direction of Sir J. Fraser Stoddart. After his postdoctoral research with Prof. Barry Sharpless at the Scripps Research Institute, he joined the Molecular Foundry in 2006 as a staff scientist and has been directing the Organic and Macromolecular Synthesis Facility since 2016. Francesca M. Toma obtained a PhD in physics from Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati with Profs. Scoles and Prato, was a Marie Curie researcher with Profs. Wudl and Stucky at the University of California, Santa Barbara, and was a postdoctoral scholar with Prof. Fischer at the University of California, Berkeley. She has been a staff scientist in the Chemical Sciences Division since 2013 and the Materials Integration Thrust Coordinator at the Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis since 2017.

The work on this paper was finalized during M. Adm’s stay in the period May - July 2019 at the University of Konstanz which was funded by the Arab-German Young Academy of Sciences and Humanities (AGYA). The work of M. Adm leading to this publication was started during his work at the University of Konstanz in 2018, where he was supported by the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) with funds from the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) and the People Programme (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union’s Seventh Frame-work Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under REA grant agreement No.605728 (P.R.I.M.E. - Postdoctoral Researchers International Mobility Experience) and continued during his work at Palestine Polytechnic University.

This article examines the role of calling in the lives of two women: Marie Curie (born “Manya Sklodowska,” in Poland, 1867; died in France, 1934) and Mileva Einstein (born “Mileva Marić” in Serbia, 1875; died in Switzerland, 1948). We explore how the lives of these two women unfolded as they went through the crucibles of sensing, pursuing, and answering or missing their callings.

Movies have been used as a didactic tool to present scientific knowledge in the classroom. The movie "Radioactive" released in 2019 portrays aspects of the life of scientist Marie Curie and her scientific journey with her husband Pierre. In this sense, this work sought to identify the possible contributions of the film as a tool for scientific dissemination and present its educational potential for use in the classroom. Thus, we tried to understand in the scenes of the film aspects related to the context of women in science, how the film approaches the subject of radioactivity and identify aspects that portray the scientific activity; for this, we used the Textual Discourse Analysis for data treatment. It is concluded that the use of cinematographic works generates public involvement, and the film presents significant potential to be used as a material for scientific dissemination bringing contributions to both the teaching and learning process and the democratization of knowledge. Las películas se han utilizado como herramienta didáctica para presentar los conocimientos científicos en el aula. La obra cinematográfica "Radiactivo" estrenada en 2019 retrata aspectos de la vida de la científica Marie Curie y su periplo científico con su marido Pierre. En este sentido, este trabajo pretendía identificar las posibles aportaciones de la película como herramienta de divulgación científica y presentar su potencial educativo para su uso en el aula. Así, se buscó comprender en las escenas de la película aspectos relacionados con el contexto de las mujeres en la ciencia, cómo la película aborda el tema de la radiactividad e identificar los aspectos que retratan la actividad científica; para ello, se utilizó el Análisis Textual del Discurso para el tratamiento de los datos. Se concluye que el uso de obras cinematográficas genera la participación del público, y la película presenta un potencial significativo para ser utilizada como material de divulgación científica aportando contribuciones tanto para el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje como para la democratización del conocimiento. Os filmes vêm sendo utilizados como instrumento didático para apresentar o saber científico em sala de aula. A obra cinematográfica “Radioactive” lançada em 2019 retrata aspectos da vida da cientista Marie Curie e sua jornada científica juntamente ao seu marido Pierre. Nesse sentido, esse trabalho buscou identificar as possíveis contribuições do filme como instrumento de divulgação científica e apresentar seu potencial didático para utilização em sala de aula. Dessa forma, procurou-se compreender nas cenas do filme aspectos relacionados ao contexto da mulher na ciência, como o filme aborda o assunto radioatividade e identificar aspectos que retratam a atividade científica; para tal, utilizou-se a Análise Textual Discursiva para tratamento dos dados. Conclui-se que a utilização de obras cinematográficas gera envolvimento do público, e o filme apresenta significativo potencial para ser utilizado como um material de divulgação científica trazendo contribuições tanto para o processo de ensino e aprendizagem quanto para a democratização do conhecimento.

ResumoEste trabalho tem como objetivo a análise da introdução do livro “Traité de Radioactivité” publicado em 1910 na França e foi escrito por Marie Curie. No capítulo de introdução, Madame Curie traz importantes ideias e conceitos referentes a radioatividade, sobre a descoberta deste fenômeno, constituição e natureza das partículas subatômicas, a presença do gás hélio em processos radiativos e as formas de emanação do rádio. Os comentários sobre essa introdução serão feitos de modo a elucidar algumas ideias que eram aceitas naquela época, sobretudo, na ideia da constituição da matéria. Será́ mostrado, também, os conceitos advindos de outros físicos, sobretudo de Ernest Rutherford, que pesquisaram sobre as diferentes formas de radiação e suas controvérsias. Além dessas questões históricas, o trabalho pretende abordar a importância da interface entre a História da Ciência e o Ensino de Ciências e como este material pode ser incorporado na pratica docente da Educação Básica. Palavras-chave: Radioatividade; gás hélio; emanação; História da Ciência. Abstract This paper aims to analyze the introduction of the book “Traité de Radioactivité” published in 1910 in France and was written by Marie Curie. In the introductory chapter, Madame Curie brings important ideas and concepts concerning radioactivity, about the discovery of this phenomenon, constitution and nature of subatomic particles, the presence of helium gas in radioactive processes and the forms of emanation of radio. Comments on this introduction will be made in order to elucidate some ideas that were accepted at that time, especially the idea of the constitution of the subject. It will also be shown the concepts coming from other physicists, especially Ernest Rutherford, who researched the different forms of radiation and their controversies. In addition to these historical issues, the paper intends to address the importance of the interface between the History of Science and Science Teaching and how this material can be incorporated into the teaching practice of Basic Education. Keywords: Radioactivity; helium gas; emanation; History of Science.

Embora a indústria cultural se preocupe, muitas vezes, em concentrar esforços para proporcionar um simples divertimento, as obras cinematográficas podem ir além do entretenimento e oferecer possibilidades incomensuráveis de reflexão de temas no campo científico, tecnológico e social. Por isso, o objetivo deste artigo é analisar a obra cinematográfica Radioactive procurando compreender contribuições desse filme para a alfabetização científica e tecnológica da sociedade. Utiliza-se a técnica de Análise de Conteúdo de Bardin. O filme mostra que a compreensão sobre a estrutura do átomo estava em pleno desenvolvimento e revela um pouco da dificuldade para se entender, naquele momento, a natureza dos raios emitidos pelos átomos instáveis mencionados por Marie Curie. A obra cinematográfica permite refletir visões distorcidas da C&T como a ideia individualista e elitista que ignora o trabalho coletivo dos cientistas e que entremostra a ciência como sendo uma atividade de homens brancos que estariam aptos a decidir temas sociais que envolvem C&T. O filme parece nos deixar uma série de mensagens, mas podemos destacar aquela que valoriza a democratização da ciência e, principalmente, com a participação necessária da mulher como sujeito do processo.