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Les établissements de crédit sont connus par la diversité d’activités qu’ils exercent : gestion des dépôts et des crédits, collecte d’épargnes, accord des prêts, offre de services. Ces établissements sont considérés comme des secteurs d’activités le plus névralgiques aux risques plus spécifiquement au risque de blanchiment des capitaux et de financement du terrorisme. La Covid-19 oblige les banques à métamorphoser leur mode de travail dont la manière avec laquelle elles collectent des renseignements et des données auprès des clients potentiels dès lors l’entrée en relation d’affaire. Pour une meilleure maitrise des risques de blanchiment des capitaux, les banques ont mis en place un dispositif anti-blanchiment des capitaux dont le processus hybride de connaissance du client celui de Know Your Customer (KYC) et E-KYC afin de se transposer aux circonstances présentes. Ce processus s’avère indispensable afin de mieux prévoir prématurément la survenance dudit fléau. L’objectif de cet article est de présenter le processus KYC et celui d’E-KYC mise en place par les banques commerciales afin de mieux identifier les clients anciens et potentiels tout en faisant réussir la prévention de blanchiment de capitaux par les banques marocaines.

Object of research. The object of the research is the economic processes that take place in Ukraine during the development of financial technologies. One of the most problematic places is the crisis which was in 2008, at the present time many problems have emerged from the financial and economic side that had to be solved. Methodology. In the course of the study, the methods of deduction and induction were used to determine the peculiarities of the development of financial technologies in Ukraine. Findings. The state of financial technologies in Ukraine was analyzed at different times, during crises and after, the victories highlighted at the present time in this area, as well as the problems posed still need to be corrected. The presented options for solving some of the problems allows us to conclude that the development of financial technology is growing rapidly, passing and solving past issues and problems and setting new tasks for itself, although this industry is still very young. Originality.Originalitylies in the definition of the peculiarities of the development of financial technologies in Ukraine, as a new specific industry. Practical and / or theoretical value. The practical significance lies in the fact that the article describes the economic and financial problems of the country in crisis conditions and after them, how the development of financial technologies affects society, what consequences the country experiences, what problems there are and what the solutions will be. The results obtained will be used in further research for statistical forecasting of the success of the development of financial technologies in Ukraine. Clarified the definition of the essence of the category of "financial technology", which we consider as a synthesis of digital technologies and innovations in the financial sector, used for the provision, expansion and distribution of financial services by technology companies. For the effective and safe functioning and development of digital financial technologies, it is necessary to adhere to a competent and systematic approach on the part of the state on the legal regulation of the Fintech sphere. In today's realities, the implementation of the above measures will contribute to the prospective development of Fintech in Ukraine and the integration of financial technologies into the main spheres of society., Об'єктом дослідження є економічні процеси, які відбуваються в Україні підчас розвитку фінансових технологій. Одним з найбільш проблемних місць є криза яка була у 2008 році, у цей час проявилося багато проблем з фінансово-економічної стороні, які треба було вирішувати. Методологія. В ході дослідження використовувалися методи дедукції та індукції при визначенні особливостей розвитку фінансових технологій в Україні. Результати. Було проаналізовано стан фінансових технологій в Україна за різні часи, під час криз і після, виокремлені перемоги за цей час у цій галузі , а також поставлені проблеми які ще треба виправити. Представлені варіанти рішень деяких проблем, що дає змогу зробити висновок, що розвиток фінансових технології продовжує стрімко зростати, проходить та вирішує минулі питання та проблеми і ставить перед собою нові задачі, хоча ця галузь ще дуже молода. Наукова новизна. Наукова новизна полягає у визначенні особливості розвитку фінансових технологій в Україні, як нової специфічної галузі. Практична та (або) теоретична значущість. Практична значущість полягає в тому, що у статті окреслені економічні та фінансові проблеми країни у кризових станах та після них, як розвиток фінансових технологій впливає на суспільство, які наслідки відчуває на собі країна, які є проблеми та якими будуть рішення. Отримані результати будуть використані в подальших дослідженнях для статистичного прогнозування успіхів розвитку фінансових технологій в Україні. Точно визначено сутність категорії «фінансові технології», яку ми розглядаємо як синтез цифрових технологій та інновацій у фінансовому секторі, що використовуються для надання, розширення та поширення фінансових послуг технологічними компаніями. Вітчизняна фінтех-індустрія знаходиться на стадії становлення і значно поступається західним країнам через низку причин. Для ефективного та безпечного функціонування та розвитку цифрових фінансових технологій необхідно дотримуватися грамотного та системного підходу з боку держави до правового регулювання фінтех-сфери; запровадження відкритого банкінгу через затвердження в Україні норм європейської директиви PSD2; сприяння в процесі співпраці між банками та фінтех-компаніями шляхом залучення фінтех компаній до аутсорсингу; підвищення рівня фінансової грамотності населення на основі простоти та доступності інформаційного забезпечення; формування компетентних кадрів у сфері Fintech. У сучасних реаліях реалізація вищезазначених заходів сприятиме перспективному розвитку Fintech в Україні та інтеграції фінансових технологій в основні сфери життя суспільства.

Тема выпускной квалификационной работы: Â«ÐœÐµÑ Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð·Ð¼ снижения рисков в сфере ПОД/ФТ инструментами внутреннего контроля в коммерческой организации (на примере ООО «ГлавФасадСтрой»)».  Данная работа посвящена исследованию снижения рисков в сфере ПОД/ФТ инструментами внутреннего контроля в коммерческой организации в сфере строительства. Задачи, которые решались в Ñ Ð¾Ð´Ðµ исследования:рассмотрение рисков в сфере ПОД/ФТ в строительстве;изучение концепции процедур ПОД/ФТ и процедур KYC и Due Diligence;изучение внутреннего контроля рисков в сфере ПОД/ФТ в объекте;оценка адекватность рисков в сфере ПОД/ФТ и ÐºÐ¾Ð½Ñ‚Ñ€Ð¾Ð»ÑŒÐ½Ñ‹Ñ Ð¿Ñ€Ð¾Ñ†ÐµÐ´ÑƒÑ€ в ООО «ГлавФасадСтрой»;рассмотрение проблемы противодействия рискам;предложение рекомендации по применению межконцептуального Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð¾Ð´Ð° в построении системы ВК в сфере ПОД/ФТ. Работа проведена на базе ООО «ГлавФасадСтрой», где собиралась значительная часть фактического материала: Ñ Ð°Ñ€Ð°ÐºÑ‚ÐµÑ€Ð¸ÑÑ‚Ð¸ÐºÐ° объекта, внутренний финансовый анализ, профиль Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð½Ñ‹Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð½Ñ‚Ñ€Ð°Ð³ÐµÐ½Ñ‚Ð¾Ð², функционирование модели COSO, выявление рисков в сфере ПОД/ФТ в строительной организации, контрольные процедуры по защите от рисков в сфере ПОД/ФТ.В результате была оценена экономическая безопасность с позиций рисков в сфере ПОД/ФТ и ÐºÐ¾Ð½Ñ‚Ñ€Ð¾Ð»ÑŒÐ½Ñ‹Ñ Ð¿Ñ€Ð¾Ñ†ÐµÐ´ÑƒÑ€. Предложены эффективные рекомендации по устранению проблем противодействию рисков типа «отсутствие мониторинга», «отсутствие идентификации рисков», «отсутствие анализа рисков», «отсутствие оценки изменения рисков», «отсутствие комплексного аудита рисков». На основании Ð¿Ñ€Ð¾Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ‹Ñ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð¹ на ООО «ГлавФасадСтрой», было принято решение о совершенствования снижения рисков в сфере ПОД/ФТ инструментами внутреннего контроля., The subject of the graduate qualification work is "The mechanism for reducing risks in the field of AML/CFT with internal control tools in a commercial organization (on the example of GlavFasadStroy LLC)". The given work is devoted to studying risk reduction in the field of AML/CFT by internal control tools in a commercial organization in the construction sector. The research set the following goals:consideration of AML/CFT risks in construction;study of the concept of AML/CFT procedures and KYC and Due Diligence procedures;study of internal control of AML/CFT risks in organization;assessment of the adequacy of AML/CFT risks and control procedures in organization;consideration of the problem of countering risks;offer recommendations on the use of an interconceptual approach in building a VC system in the AML/CFT field.The work was fulfilled on the premises of GlavFasadStroy LLC, which included collection of factual materials, the characteristics of the object, internal financial analysis, the profile of the main counterparties, the functioning of the COSO model, the identification of AML/CFT risks in the construction organization, control procedures to protect against AML/CFT risks.As a result, economic security was assessed from the standpoint of AML/CFT risks and control procedures. Effective recommendations are proposed to eliminate problems of countering risks such as "lack of monitoring", "lack of risk identification", "lack of risk analysis", "lack of risk assessment", "lack of comprehensive risk audit". Based on the research conducted at GlavFasadStroy LLC, it was decided to improve the reduction of AML/CFT risks with internal control tools.

Non-face-to-face customer identification The subject matter of this thesis is the analysis of the Czech legal regulation of customer identification as a core obligation arising from the regulation of the fight against money laundering. Customer identification is the first obligation that a customer encounters when using the services of obliged entities, and thus the way in which the legislation approaches customer identification directly influences the course of the customer's first interaction with the obliged entity. The topic is widely discussed because smooth onboarding processes are crucial for many obliged entities, and FinTech startups in particular. Sub-optimal regulation imposes an unnecessary burden on obliged entities and indirectly puts them at a disadvantage against foreign competitors who may be subject to more favorable regulation. However, the interest of obligated entities may collide with the regulator's interest in ensuring the most trustworthy identification output. Finding an appropriate way for balancing interests of both sides therefore poses a considerable challenge for the legislator. Getting the legislation right depends on ensuring that the legislation is able to keep pace with technological advances in this area and that it allows the use of the best available ways of performing...

As a consequence of Covid-19 and the accompanied lockdowns, the demand for digital banking products and services has increased dramatically. Furthermore, the digital transformation in general has been significantly accelerated by the events of the past two years. For many banks, often with a long history, it is difficult to adapt to the new conditions so quickly. Established banks often need decision-making tools that help them use new technologies successfully and appropriately. In this thesis, alternatives to physical identification, which every new customer who wants to use a bank's product has to go through, are presented. In particular, video identification, which became legally effective as of 1 July 2017, is discussed. In order to find the right provider or software for video identification, the criteria catalogue provided in this thesis offers the necessary basis for banks to decide which provider meets their requirements. The criteria catalogue is based on Austrian national law and thus on the generally applicable directives of the European Union on the prevention of the use of the financial system for the purpose of money laundering and terrorist financing and also on the regulation on electronic identification and trust services for electronic transactions in the internal market. The criteria are kept general in order to be able to follow a best practice approach and to be validated by experts from the banking industry. Furthermore a general defined best practice criteria catalogue can also be applied to other jurisdictions. The validation through expert interviews supports the hypothesis that the criteria catalogue provides a good basis and meets all legal requirements for making a decision on which provider is suitable for a bank. The experts receive a holistic overview of the applicable guidelines and can thus make a decision regarding the use of video identification software quicker. Furthermore, the criteria catalogue can be used to check whether the video identification software already in use meets the current requirements.

Tiesību zinātne Tiesību zinātne Law Science Law Science Maģistra darba tēma ir “Klientu izpētes tiesiskais regulējums un aktuālās problēmas kredītiestādēs”. Maģistra darbā ir izpētīts klientu izpētes tiesiskais regulējums Latvijas Republikā, tas vērtēts Eiropas Savienības tiesību kontekstā. Maģistra darba aktualitāte it pamatojama ar to, ka ņemot vērā tādus faktorus kā tehnoloģiju attīstība, atšķirīgs tiesiskais regulējums starp jurisdikcijām, kredītiestādes, kā nozīmīgākais finanšu plūsmas nodrošinātājas, ir pakļautas riskam tikt izmantotām noziedzīgi iegūtu līdzekļu legalizācijā. Lai pārvaldītu risku, kredītiestādes pielieto klientu izpēti, kas paredz virkni darbību, piemēram, klientu identifikācija, patiesā labuma guvēja noskaidrošana, kas saistāma ar tādu problemātiku kā datu patiesuma pārbaude, tiesiskā regulējuma interpretācija. Turklāt tiesiskais pamats pieprasīt datus klientu izpētes kārtībā ir vērtējams samērīgi ar tiesībām veikt brīvu uzņēmējdarbību un personas datu aizsardzību, ka ne vienmēr ir viennozīmīgs. Maģistra darba mērķis ir, izmantojot zinātniski pētnieciskās metodes un pieejamos informācijas avotus, izvērtēt kredītiestādēs īstenotās klientu izpētes tiesiskā regulējuma aktuālās problēmas, kā rezultātā izstrādāt priekšlikumus normatīvo aktu grozījumiem. Kopējais darba apjoms sastāv no 81 lappuses. The title of the Master’s thesis is “Know your customer” legal regulation and current challenges in credit institutions”. During the master thesis the research has been done in context of legal regulations of the Republic of Latvia and European Union. The topicality is justified that several factors, such as technological development, different legal regulations between jurisdictions, create positive environment to legalize illicit funds, thus credit institutions as the main provider of financial flow, are likely to be used in money laundering. To manage the risk, credit institutions apply “know your customer” procedure, that consists of series of activities, such as customer identification, determining the beneficial owners, that often are connected to issues, such as, data verification, interpretations of the legal framework. In addition, the legal basis for requesting “know your customer” data has a risk to conflict with the right to conduct free business and the protection of personal data. The aim of the Master's thesis is to evaluate the current problems of “know your customer” legal regulation in credit institutions, as well as to develop proposals for amendments to regulatory acts, by using scientific research methods and information sources. The total volume of work consists of 81 pages

Tiesību zinātne Tiesību zinātne Law Science Law Science Maģistra darba tēma ir “Samērīguma principa piemērošana veicot klienta izpēti finanšu jomā”. Noziedzīgi iegūtu līdzekļu legalizēšana un terorisma finansēšana ir finanšu noziegumi ar ekonomisku ietekmi. Prasība identificēt savus klientus un, pamatojoties uz risku izvērtējumu, veikt klientu izpēti izriet no Noziedzīgi iegūtu līdzekļu legalizācijas un terorisma un proliferācijas finansēšanas novēršanas likuma un ir saistīta ar finanšu institūciju pienākumiem cīnīties pret noziedzīgi iegūtu līdzekļu legalizāciju un terorisma finansēšanu, bet precīzāk – pašu institūciju piedāvāto un sniegto pakalpojumu izmantošanu attiecīgo (vai citu) noziegumu veikšanai. Maģistra darba mērķis ir izvērtējot izvērtējot samērīguma principa mijiedarbību ar klienta izpētes veikšanas prasību izpildi kredītiestāžu sektorā, izstrādāt ieteikumus tiesiskā regulējuma pilnveidošanai, lai nodrošinātu samērīguma principa integrēšanu klienta izpētes veikšanā. Darbs sastāv no četrām galvenajām nodaļām. Darba pirmajā nodaļā autore apskata samērīguma principa jēdziena vēsturisko attīstību un samērīguma principa izpausmes un novirzes mūsdienās. Darba otrajā nodaļā darba autore apskata riskos balstītu pieeju. Darba trešajā nodaļā autore fokusējas uz samērīguma principa tiesiskajiem aspektiem veicot klienta izpēti apskatot klientu izpētes veidus un normatīvo regulējumu, kā arī vienoto klienta izpētes rīku. Darba noslēdzošā nodaļa aptver normatīvā regulējuma pilnveides iespējas samērīguma principa efektīvākai piemērošanai veicot klienta izpēti. Darba ietvaros secināts, ka riskos balstīta pieeja ir svarīga samērīguma principa piemērošanai veidojot riska novērtējumu, jo no riska novērtējuma ir atkarīgs, kādu (vienkāršotu, padziļinātu vai parastu) klienta izpēti ir jāpiemēro. Vienotā klienta izpētes rīka izmantošanā būtisks jautājums par klienta privātuma un datu aizsardzību un to koplietošanu. Tādēļ kritiski svarīga ir klienta piekrišana klienta anketas kopīgošanai izpētes rīkā. The topic of the Master thesis is “Application of the principle of proportionality in the Customer Due Diligence”. Money laundering and terrorist financing are financial crimes with economic impact. The requirement to identify its customers and, based on a risk assessment, to conduct customer due diligence stems from the Law on the Prevention of Money Laundering and Terrorist and Proliferation Financing and is related to the financial institution’s obligations to prevent money laundering and terrorist financing, but more precisely - the use of services offered and provided by the institutions themselves (or for other) crimes. The aim of the work is to evaluate the problems in conducting customer due diligence, to develop recommendations for the improvement of the legal framework to ensure the integration of the principle of proportionality in customer due diligence. The work consists of four main parts. In the first chapter, the author examines the historical development of the concept of the principle of proportionality and the manifestations and deviations of the principle of proportionality today. In the second chapter, the author discusses a risk-based approach. In the third chapter, the author focuses on the legal aspects of the principle of proportionality when conducting customer research by looking at the types of customer research and regulatory framework, as well as the unified customer research tool. The concluding chapter covers the possibilities of improving the regulatory framework for more effective application of the principle of proportionality in conducting customer research. The paper concludes that a risk-based approach is important for the application of the principle of proportionality in the development of risk assessment, as it depends on the risk assessment which client research (simplified, advanced or ordinary) should be applied. Using the KYC Utility raises the issue of protecting and sharing customer privacy and data. Therefore, the client's consent is required to share the client's questionnaire in the research tool.

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The COVID‐19 pandemic has emerged as a highly transmissible disease which has caused a disastrous impact worldwide by adversely affecting the global economy, health, and human lives. This sudden explosion and uncontrolled worldwide spread of COVID‐19 has revealed the limitations of existing healthcare systems regarding handling public health emergencies. As governments seek to effectively re‐establish their economies, open workplaces, ensure safe travels and progressively return to normal life, there is an urgent need for technologies that may alleviate the severity of the losses. This article explores a promising solution for secure Digital Health Certificate, called NovidChain, a Blockchain‐based privacy‐preserving platform for COVID‐19 test/vaccine certificates issuing and verifying. More precisely, NovidChain incorporates several emergent concepts: (i) Blockchain technology to ensure data integrity and immutability, (ii) self‐sovereign identity to allow users to have complete control over their data, (iii) encryption of Personally Identifiable Information to enhance privacy, (iv) W3C verifiable credentials standard to facilitate instant verification of COVID‐19 proof, and (v) selective disclosure concept to permit user to share selected pieces of information with trusted parties. Therefore, NovidChain is designed to meet a high level of protection of personal data, in compliant with the GDPR and KYC requirements, and guarantees the user's self‐sovereignty, while ensuring both the safety of populations and the user's right to privacy. To prove the security and efficiency of the proposed NovidChain platform, this article also provides a detailed technical description, a proof‐of‐concept implementation, different experiments, and a comparative evaluation. The evaluation shows that NovidChain provides better financial cost and scalability results compared to other solutions. More precisely, we note a high difference in time between operations (i.e., between 46% and 56%). Furthermore, the evaluation confirms that NovidChain ensures security properties, particularly data integrity, forge, binding, uniqueness, peer‐indistinguishability, and revocation.

Отмывание незаконно полученных доходов является одним из ключевых видов преступлений, связанных с использованием криптовалют. В статье обсуждаются основные особенности государственной системы мониторинга криптовалютных операций. Представлены характеристика и основные возможности коммерческих сервисов расследования операций с криптовалютами на примере сервисов Chainalysis и Bitfury Crystal. Показаны основные источники получения данных об операциях и владельцах криптовалютных кошельков для целей мониторинга со стороны государства. Перечислены наиболее значимые и дискуссионные вопросы разработки и использования системы отслеживания криптовалютных транзакций на государственном уровне. Дана общая характеристика сервиса «Прозрачный блокчейн», разработанного и используемого Федеральной службой по финансовому мониторингу РФ. Подчеркнуты ключевые особенности анализа операций с криптовалютами государственными структурами некоторых стран.

Författare: Robin Castor och André Rosenqvist Handledare: Elias Bengtsson Examinator: Andreas Jansson Titel: Anti Money Laundering – Förhindra eller undvika? – En studie om svenska AML-chefers inställning till penningtvättsregelverken. Sökord: AML, Anti-Money Laundering, Penningtvätt, Bankreglering, Compliance, KYC, Kundkännedom, Riskbedömning, Riskbaserat förhållningssätt, Rapportering, Resursallokering Bakgrund: Penningtvätt är ett växande problem som skadar samhället. För att hantera detta problem utfärdar EU kontinuerligt nya direktiv för medlemsländerna att implementera. Den aktör som hamnat mest i fokus är banker, där skandaler visat på brister i arbetet mot penningtvätt bland svenska banker. Regelverken ställer hårda krav samtidigt som ett riskbaserat förhållningssätt låter banker tolka och implementera arbetet olika. Genom att studera AML-chefers inställning till regelverken bidrar denna studie med en synvinkel som inte tidigare beaktats i Sverige. Syfte: Denna studie syftar att öka förståelsen kring attityder mot AML och dess regelverk inom svenska banker, om det skiljer sig mellan olika banker samt vad det kan innebära för alla berörda parter. Metod: En kvalitativ studie med abduktiv forskningsansats har genomförts. Studien har hämtat empiri genom semistrukturerade intervjuer med fem olika AML-chefer på den svenska bankmarknaden. Resultat/Slutsatser: Studiens resultat visar hur AML-chefer i Sverige har en kritisk syn på penningtvätts-regelverken. Regelverken upplevs ställa höga, men rimliga, krav på bankerna. Flera fördelar med det riskbaserade förhållningssättet lyfts upp, där riskbedömning och kundkännedom ger en god överblick av verksamheten i ett bolagsstyrnings-perspektiv. Regelverken låter bankerna stänga ute de kunder som inte vill samarbeta. Tyvärr kan dessa kunder gå vidare till nästa bank och fortsätta sitt misstänksamma beteende. Detta problem grundar sig i banksekretessen som gör det omöjligt för banker att dela information och samarbeta i arbetet mot penningtvätt. Studien visar därmed hur incitamenten bakom efterföljandet av regelverket till stor del bygger på rädslan av att skada bankens eget rykte eller ådra sig stora bötesbelopp. Fokus har skiftat från att faktiskt försöka stoppa penningtvätt, till att endast undvika att själv bli utsatt för penningtvätt. Authors: Robin Castor and André Rosenqvist Supervisor: Elias Bengtsson Examiner: Andreas Jansson Title: Anti Money Laundering - Prevent or Avoid? A study of attitudes towards money laundering regulations among Swedish AML-managers. Keywords: AML, Anti-money laundering, Money laundering, Banking regulation, Compliance, KYC, Know your customer, Risk assessment, Risk-based approach, Legal reporting, Resource allocation Background: Money laundering is a growing problem that harms society. To address this issue, the EU is continuously issuing new directives for member states to implement. The banking sector has come to be the most affected industry, where scandals have shown deficiency in the work against money laundering among Swedish banks. These regulations set strict requirements at the same time as the risk- based approach allows banks to interpret and implement the regulations in various degrees. By studying how Swedish AML-managers experience these regulations, this study contributes with a point of view that has not been considered in Sweden previously. Purpose: This study aims to increase the understanding of attitudes and experience towards AML and its regulations within Swedish banks, if it differs between banks and what it could signify for involved parties. Method: A qualitative study with an abductive research approach has been conducted. The study has gained empirical data through semi-structured interviews with five different AML managers in the Swedish banking market. Results/Conclusions: The results of the study show how AML managers in Sweden have a critical view of the money laundering regulations. The regulations are perceived to put high, but appropriate, requirements in the banks. Various advantages of the risk-based approach are highlighted, where risk assessment and customer awareness (KYC) provide a good overview of the business from a corporate governance perspective. The regulations allow banks to end their business relationship with customers who do not want to cooperate. Unfortunately, these customers are able continue their suspicious behavior throughout different banks. This problem is based on the bank secrecy, which makes it impossible for banks to share information and cooperate in the work against money laundering. The study shows how the incentives behind compliance with the regulations are largely based on the fear of damaging reputation or receiving heavy fines. The focus has shifted from actually trying to stop money laundering, to only avoiding being subjected to money laundering themselves.

Object of research. The object of the research is the economic processes that take place in Ukraine during the development of financial technologies. One of the most problematic places is the crisis which was in 2008, at the present time many problems have emerged from the financial and economic side that had to be solved. Methodology. In the course of the study, the methods of deduction and induction were used to determine the peculiarities of the development of financial technologies in Ukraine. Findings. The state of financial technologies in Ukraine was analyzed at different times, during crises and after, the victories highlighted at the present time in this area, as well as the problems posed still need to be corrected. The presented options for solving some of the problems allows us to conclude that the development of financial technology is growing rapidly, passing and solving past issues and problems and setting new tasks for itself, although this industry is still very young. Originality.Originalitylies in the definition of the peculiarities of the development of financial technologies in Ukraine, as a new specific industry. Practical and / or theoretical value. The practical significance lies in the fact that the article describes the economic and financial problems of the country in crisis conditions and after them, how the development of financial technologies affects society, what consequences the country experiences, what problems there are and what the solutions will be. The results obtained will be used in further research for statistical forecasting of the success of the development of financial technologies in Ukraine. Clarified the definition of the essence of the category of "financial technology", which we consider as a synthesis of digital technologies and innovations in the financial sector, used for the provision, expansion and distribution of financial services by technology companies. For the effective and safe functioning and development of digital financial technologies, it is necessary to adhere to a competent and systematic approach on the part of the state on the legal regulation of the Fintech sphere. In today's realities, the implementation of the above measures will contribute to the prospective development of Fintech in Ukraine and the integration of financial technologies into the main spheres of society. Об'єктом дослідження є економічні процеси, які відбуваються в Україні підчас розвитку фінансових технологій. Одним з найбільш проблемних місць є криза яка була у 2008 році, у цей час проявилося багато проблем з фінансово-економічної стороні, які треба було вирішувати. Методологія. В ході дослідження використовувалися методи дедукції та індукції при визначенні особливостей розвитку фінансових технологій в Україні. Результати. Було проаналізовано стан фінансових технологій в Україна за різні часи, під час криз і після, виокремлені перемоги за цей час у цій галузі , а також поставлені проблеми які ще треба виправити. Представлені варіанти рішень деяких проблем, що дає змогу зробити висновок, що розвиток фінансових технології продовжує стрімко зростати, проходить та вирішує минулі питання та проблеми і ставить перед собою нові задачі, хоча ця галузь ще дуже молода. Наукова новизна. Наукова новизна полягає у визначенні особливості розвитку фінансових технологій в Україні, як нової специфічної галузі. Практична та (або) теоретична значущість. Практична значущість полягає в тому, що у статті окреслені економічні та фінансові проблеми країни у кризових станах та після них, як розвиток фінансових технологій впливає на суспільство, які наслідки відчуває на собі країна, які є проблеми та якими будуть рішення. Отримані результати будуть використані в подальших дослідженнях для статистичного прогнозування успіхів розвитку фінансових технологій в Україні. Точно визначено сутність категорії «фінансові технології», яку ми розглядаємо як синтез цифрових технологій та інновацій у фінансовому секторі, що використовуються для надання, розширення та поширення фінансових послуг технологічними компаніями. Вітчизняна фінтех-індустрія знаходиться на стадії становлення і значно поступається західним країнам через низку причин. Для ефективного та безпечного функціонування та розвитку цифрових фінансових технологій необхідно дотримуватися грамотного та системного підходу з боку держави до правового регулювання фінтех-сфери; запровадження відкритого банкінгу через затвердження в Україні норм європейської директиви PSD2; сприяння в процесі співпраці між банками та фінтех-компаніями шляхом залучення фінтех компаній до аутсорсингу; підвищення рівня фінансової грамотності населення на основі простоти та доступності інформаційного забезпечення; формування компетентних кадрів у сфері Fintech. У сучасних реаліях реалізація вищезазначених заходів сприятиме перспективному розвитку Fintech в Україні та інтеграції фінансових технологій в основні сфери життя суспільства.

KYC (know your customer) and AML (anti-money laundering) practices have been designed and implemented in traditional financial transactions for some years now. However, it has been complicated to find a balance between business efficiency, innovations, financial inclusion, and compliance, both in the specification of what should be done and in the implementation of a risk-based approach that satisfies the required specification during real business operation. This chapter presents a survey of traditional practices to KYC/AML, highlighting a subset of existing challenges in these practices, taking into consideration the innovation of cryptocurrencies transactions and related innovations, such as digital identity, and the financial inclusion of unbanked people without identity papers. The authors finish this chapter by discussing existing solutions to these challenges both by adopting new KYC/AML practices and by using innovative technological solutions.

The Bank Secrecy Act (BSA) was enacted by Congress to prevent criminals from hiding or laundering their illicit gains through the U.S. banking system. Over the years, criminals continue to exploit the financial system by moving illegal money using new technology. Lawmakers should amend the age-old BSA to address monetary thresholds of currency transaction reports and suspicious activity reports, along with addressing emerging financial technology (Fintech). In dealing with these issues, a delicate balance exists between increasing regulation to prevent crime and hindering the growth of innovation and customer convenience, along with privacy concerns. This thesis provides policy analysis and proposals for legislative and technological improvements to financial fraud detection. Furthermore, policy leaders will have a comprehensive understanding of the benefits and consequences of specific policy actions. This thesis concludes with policy recommendations of the BSA to include increasing the currency transaction report from $10,000 to $60,000 along with incorporating the controversial beneficial ownership provision. Last, add a minimum standard for a client opening financial accounts, increase know-your-customer requirements, and regulate peer-to-peer devices. As criminal organizations continue to move money throughout the U.S. financial services sector, legislators should amend the BSA to address these areas of concern to ensure financial stability and integrity. http://archive.org/details/reformingthebank1094564111 Civilian, Department of Homeland Security Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.

Know Your Customer (KYC) processes performed by banks on their customers are redundant, cumbersome and costly. Therefore, a system is proposed to automate menial tasks and allow sharing of data related to KYC. A blockchain dictates the collaboration between different participants and several services are built around it to support the functionality of the system as a whole. An access control system is used to share datalegitimately.

В статье рассмотрены основы правового регулирования криптовалюты и системы реестра распределенных данных, примеры их использования в бизнесе и на государственном уровне, формы правового контроля, налогообложения и преференций для участников рынка. Также проанализированы показатели инновационных и производственных достижений, перспективы и проблемы внедрения.

Proposed dissertation is focusing on specific eccentric aesthetics based on hyperboles, ambivalent meanings and ironic attitude, which in Anglo-American background is so called camp derived from French. Camp origin can be found on the court of Louis XIV, where we can notice passionate tries to cultivate affected court-style culminating in baroque metaphor of the world as a theatre. Due to impact of modernity and postmodernity, scope of the camp extended to various cultural spheres and phenomenon began to corelate through its eccentricity with common marginality, respectively with something what is different from "normality" and "genuineness" also settled schemes of perception or ways of historical reflection. Goal of proposed dissertation is based on theoretical-historical interpretations to trace mentions of camp (mainly in literature) with focus on Czech background, where its rich interpretational potential can clarify most of social-cultural tendencies.

Tiesību zinātne Tiesību zinātne Law Science Law Science NILLTPF ir cieši saistīta ar korupciju, nodokļu krāpniecībām, ēnu ekonomiku, jo personas, kuras saņem naudas līdzekļus nelikumīgos veidos, kādā brīdī tos vēlas legalizēt vai nu iegādājoties kādu kustamu vai nekustamu mantu, vai veicot skaidras naudas iemaksu bankas kontā vai kādā citā veidā. Tieši finanšu sektors, sevišķi bankas, tiek izmantotas lai legalizētu noziedzīgi iegūtus līdzekļus. Neskatoties uz to, ka pēdējos trīs gados, kopš Moneyval ziņojuma par Latviju, gan likumdevējs, gan banku uzraugi, gan pašas bankas ir centušās sakārtot finanšu sektoru, joprojām pastāv nepilnības klientu izpētes procesos pirms darījuma attiecību uzsākšanas, t.i., atsevišķas NILLTPFN likuma normas ir formālas, kuras neatbrīvo bankas no pienākuma veikt neatkarīgu pārbaudi, neļaujot paļauties tikai uz klienta sniegto informāciju, gan interpretējamas, kā būtu jāizskatās bankas augstākā līmeņa vadītāja piekrišanai uzsākt sadarbību ar PNP, gan likums nenosaka viena būtiska banku iekšējā dokumenta nozīmīgumu- klienta datu anketa. Bakalaura darba pētniecības rezultātā tiek secināts, ka klienta izpētes process pirms darījuma attiecību uzsākšanas ar banku atšķiras katrai bankai, to ir paredzējis arī likumdevējs, nosakot, ka papildus prasības bankas var noteikt savās politikās un procedūrās, kuras ir konfidenciālas un paredzētas tikai iekšējai lietošanai, līdz ar to klients nevar izvērtēt, kura banka un kāda apjoma informāciju jautās. Ja vērtē no samērīguma principa aspekta par iegūstamās informācijas apjomu no klienta, tad secināms, ka informācija dublējas- bankas to iegūst gan no klienta, gan no reģistriem. No tiesiskā regulējuma viedokļa, klientiem, kuri saņēmuši atteikumus no bankām par sadarbības uzsākšanu, ir tiesības vērsties ar sūdzību pie FKTK un LKA ombuda, gadījumā, ja klientu neapmierina FKTK vai LKA ombuda lēmums, klients var vērsties tiesā. Bakalaura darbu veido ievads, trīs pamatdaļas ar vairākām apakšnodaļām, nobeigums, kas ietver secinājumus un priekšlikumus un izmantotās literatūras un avotu saraksts. Bakalaura darbs sastāv no sešdesmit astoņām lapām Money laundering and terrorism and proliferation financing is closely linked to corruption, tax fraud, the shadow economy, as people who receive money illegally want to launder it at some point, either by buying some movable or immovable property or by making a money cash-in in a bank account or in some other way. It is the financial sector, especially banks, that is used to launder illegal money. Despite the fact that in the last three years since the Moneyval report about Latvia, the legislator, bank supervisors and the banks themselves have tried to regulate the financial sector, there are still shortcomings in customer research processes before starting a business relationship, ie, certain provisions of Law on the Prevention of Money Laundering and Terrorism and Proliferation Financing are formal, which do not release banks from the obligation to perform an independent inspection without relying solely on the information provided by the customer, interpret what the bank's top management's consent to cooperate with PEP should look like, and the law does not specify the importance of one important internal bank document - customer data questionnaire. As a result of the bachelor's thesis research, it is concluded that the customer research process before starting a business relationship with a bank differs for each bank, it is also provided by the legislator, stipulating that banks may set additional requirements in their policies and procedures with it, the customer cannot assess which bank will ask for information and to what extent. If we evaluate from the aspect of the principle of proportionality about the amount of information to be obtained from the client, then it can be concluded that the information is duplicated - banks obtain it from both the client and registers. From the point of view of legal regulation, clients who have received refusals from banks to start cooperation have the right to file a complaint with the FCMC and the FLA Ombudsman, in case the client is not satisfied with the decision of the FCMC or the FLA Ombudsman, the client can apply to court. The bachelor's thesis consists of an introduction, three main parts with several subsections, a conclusion, which includes conclusions and suggestions, and a list of used literature and sources. The bachelor's thesis consists of sixty eight pages.

and keywords The Know Your Client Principle in the area of the Investment Intermediation The ongoing deeper harmonisation of the financial system regulation within the European Union significantly affected the investment intermediation, i.e. the reception and transmission of orders. The first aim of the theses was to describe the regulation of this area, and for that purpose the related essential terms and possible providers of investment intermediation were discussed, including the description of both European and Czech sources of law. The implementation of MiFID II Directive and related legislation affected primarily the regulation of the investment intermediaries (in Czech investiční zprotředkovatelé), which de facto operate as limited investment firm. This stricter regulation may change the way investment services are distributed in the Czech Republic due to the common tight cooperation between investment firms (in Czech obchodníci s cennými papíry) and investment intermediaries. Another aim of the theses and its core part was to identify how the KYC principle is triggered during investment intermediation (excluding KYC aspects arising from the anti-money laundering regulation). It was found that those KYC aspects include customers' categorization and (mainly) the assessment of suitability and...

Based on the theoretical studies of the aestheticians dealing with the issue of kitsch, this bachelor thesis entitled "Musical kitsch" focuses on the general characteristics of kitsch, the explanation of the key concepts related to its issues, and the subsequent application of the above-mentioned to music. However, not to music in general, but to classical music, which is generally considered high art, and in which the elements of kitsch are not expected. Kitsch takes its place in many artistic fields. Did he find a passage into classical music?

Das Finanzsystem in ��sterreich wird von Banken dominiert, die 75% des gesamten Verm��gens des Finanzsektors halten. Ein Finanzsystem solcher Struktur und Gr����e kann f��r kriminelle Aktivit��ten, wie Geldw��sche, verwendet werden. Seit Anfang 2017 gibt es ein neues Gesetz in ��sterreich - das Finanzmarkt-Geldw��schegesetz (FM-GwG). Das Ziel des Gesetzes ist, die entsprechende Rechtsgrundlage in ��sterreich zu konsolidieren und die EU-Richtlinie 849/2015 umzusetzen. Banken in ��sterreich haben ein gutes Verst��ndnis von den Risiken der Geldw��sche und Terrorismusfinanzierung (engl.: ML/TF) und von ihren Verpflichtungen zur Bek��mpfung dieser Delikte (engl.: AML/CFT). Zwischen 2014 und 2017 beobachtete man einen Anstieg der Anzahl der Verdachtsmeldungen um ca. 53%, die von den Verpflichteten erstellt wurden. Trotzdem kann man die F��higkeit der Finanzinstitute hinterfragen, neue gesetzliche oder regulatorische Anforderungen zu begegnen. Die Implementierung von rechtskonformen internen Prozessen erfordert die Zusammenarbeit von Compliance-Managern, IT- und Rechtsexperten. Durch die Modellierung dieser Prozesse wird es f��r die Akteure in ihren Unternehmen leichter sein, entsprechend gegen eventuelle Rechtsverletzungen zu handeln. In dieser Masterarbeit wird die Aufmerksamkeit auf die AML-Vorschriften in ��sterreich gelenkt. Zus��tzlich werden Referenzmodelle abgeleitet, die spezifische Compliance-Anforderungen erf��llen und interne Prozesse im Kontext von AML unterst��tzen k��nnten., The financial system in Austria is dominated by banks, which hold 75% of the total assets of the financial sector. A financial system of this structure and size can be used for criminal activities such as money laundering. Since the beginning of 2017 there is one consolidated money laundering act in Austria - The Financial Market - Money Laundering Act (FM-GwG). The aim of the Act is to consolidate the relevant Anti-Money Laundering legal basis in Austria and to implement EU Directive 849/2015. Banks in Austria have a good understanding of the risks of money laundering and terrorist financing (ML/TF) and of their obligations to combat these offences (AML/CFT). Between 2014 and 2017 the number of Suspicious Transaction Reports (STRs), generated by the obliged entities, increased by approximately 53%. Nevertheless, the ability of financial institutions to meet new legal or regulatory requirements can be questioned. The implementation of compliant business processes requires the collaboration of compliance managers, IT and legal experts. By modeling these processes, it will be easier for the stakeholders in their organizations to take appropriate actions and act accordingly against potential legal violations. In this master thesis, the attention is drawn to the AML regulations in Austria. In addition, reference models are derived that meet specific compliance requirements and could support the internal processes in the context of AML.

Communication service providers (e.g., Whatsapp) enable users to connect with people around the world. These services have been widely adopted and used by millions of users, and such services have emerged as a replacement of the transitional calling and messaging. Unfortunately, these communication services have also been used to commit illegal activities and serious crimes. Therefore, service providers ask for user's phone/mobile number to verify the user's identity and to prevent misuses. The Internet is full of freebie services. Short Message Service (SMS) receiving services/websites are one of them. These message receiving websites provide users with real phone numbers and allow them to receive messages. In this paper, we investigate whether these message receiving website have been used as a tool to forge identity verification - typically done using One Time Passwords (OTP) - required for account creation. In our initial investigation, we created and successfully verified accounts for several messaging/calling apps as well as for social networking sites/apps using these message receiving services. Motivated from these findings, we collected and analyzed over 900K unique SMS messages received (upon request of other users) on 18 SMS receiving websites. Our analysis of these messages shows that 82.34% received messages included an OTP. This situation is very alarming that demonstrates the tendency of people to evade identity verification to create online accounts. We also found that the majority (52.47%) of verification code were six-characters long while nine-characters long verification codes were the least used.

International audience; Conducting experiments to evaluate blockchain ap-plications is a challenging task for developers, because thereis a range of configuration parameters that control blockchainenvironments. Many public testnets (e.g. Rinkeby Ethereum) canbe used for testing, however, we cannot adjust their parameters(e.g. Gas limit, Mining difficulty) to further the understanding ofthe application in question and of the employed blockchain. Thispaper proposes an easy to use orchestration framework overthe Grid’5000 platform. Grid’5000 is a highly reconfigurableand controllable large-scale testbed. We developed a tool thatfacilitates nodes reservation, deployment and blockchain config-uration over the Grid’5000 platform. In addition, our tool canfine-tune blockchain and network parameters before and betweenexperiments. The proposed framework offers insights for privateand consortium blockchain developers to identify performancebottlenecks and to assess the behavior of their applications indifferent circumstances.

Bakgrund: Intresset för världens första kryptovaluta Bitcoin har fått världen att öppna upp ögonen för dess underliggande teknologi: Blockkedjan (”Blockchain”). Blockkedjan kan beskrivas som en decentraliserad databas där ingen central aktör ensam kan bestämma över nätverket. Istället registreras och verifieras transaktioner av nätverkets deltagare. Detta möjliggör för digital information att distribueras men inte kopieras på ett tillförlitligt sätt. Teknologin har således möjlighet att skapa tillit mellan aktörer som vanligtvis inte litar på varandra och anses därför ha stor potential att effektivisera många branscher, däribland banksektorn. Det råder en stor optimism bland flertalet finansiella aktörer som undersöker vilka möjligheter teknologin har att förbättra dess produkter och tjänster. Syfte: Studiens syfte är att undersöka vilka användningsområden svenska banker ser potential för Blockkedjan och hur teknologin kan komma att appliceras inom banksektorn. Studien ämnar även analysera vilka effekter användningen av Blockkedjan kan få på transaktioner inom den svenska banksektorn. Genomförande: Studien karaktäriseras av en kvalitativ forskningsmetod. Empirinsamlingen har skett genom ett selekterat urval med fokus på individer som är insatta inom ämnet och banksektorn. Slutsats: Studien identifierar KYC, Smarta Kontrakt och Transaktioner som potentiella användningsområden för den svenska banksektorn. Framförallt KYC lyfts fram som ett område där blockkedjeteknologi kan spela en framtida roll i att förbättra hanteringen av kundinformation. Studien framhäver även trade finance och interbank-transaktioner som attraktiva områden för teknologin att effektivisera. Vidare visar resultatet att Blockkedjan inte skall ses som ett hot mot bankernas roll som intermediär utan en teknologi som möjliggör effektivisering av deras befintliga tjänster. Teknologin är att betrakta som en Emerging technology med en hög osäkerhet i dagsläget där teknologins största potential att ge effekt ligger i framtiden. De största hoten mot en implementering av blockkedjeteknologin inom banksektorn är att teknologin fortfarande befinner sig i en experimentell fas samt en brist på gemensamma standarder och regler banker och länder emellan. Background: The interest for the first cryptocurrency in the world made the world caught the attention of the technology behind Bitcoin: Blockchain. Blockchain can be described as a decentralized database with no central part controlling its network. Instead, all transactions are registered and verified by the members of the network. This enables digital information to be distributed but not copied in a trustworthy way. The technology therefore has the possibility to create trust between parties that normally does not trust each other and is for that reason considered to have the potential to make many industries, including the banking industry more effective. Amongst a number of financial players that investigate the possible opportunities the technology have for improving their products and services, the optimism is high. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to research which potential fields of application Swedish banks sees for Blockchain and how the technology could be used by the banking industry. The study also intend to analyze the effects the usage of the technology would have on transactions within the Swedish banking industry. Completion: A qualitative research method characterize the study. The empirical data has been collected through a selected sample focused on individuals with knowledge and experience within the field. Conclusion: The study identifies KYC, Smart Contracts and Transactions as potential fields of application for the Swedish banking industry. In particular, KYC was highlighted as an area where the Blockchain technology could help improve managing the personal information of the customer. The study also points out trade finance and interbank-transactions as attractive areas of possible use for the technology. Furthermore, the result of the study shows that the technology should not be seen as a threat against banks role as an intermediary but a technology that enables the banks services to become more efficient. The technology is to be seen as an Emerging technology with high uncertainty today and where the potential impact lays in the future. The biggest threats against an implementation of the technology are that the technology still is in an experimental phase and the shortage of common standards and rules between banks and across countries.

This diploma thesis explores the phenomenon of kitsch. One of the aims of the thesis is to address significant theories (H. Broch, M. Kundera, P. Rezek and T. Kulka) and to analyze them further in relation to the central concept of Umberto Eco, which defines kitsch as a communication. According to Eco, kitsch is not to be defined solely by the structural qualities of the work, but also by the intention that the author creates and by the means that the work is later perceived by the audience. The focus of this thesis is to be pointed not on the kitsch as a definition of a certain type of object and its aesthetic evaluation, but rather on the attitudes and interpretations that transform objects and thoughts into kitsch. Another aim of the thesis is to mark a possible shift in conception of kitsch in context of the changes brought by the age of new media - the changes that radically change the ways of communication, and the organization of society, too. Such change proposes the use of kitsch both as an emotional and simplifying approach. Kitsch, in its wider conception, becomes a pervasive and actual phenomenon. In addition to the characteristics of new media, the thesis uses the concept of Cyberculture by Pierre Lévy and the Liquid Times theory of Zygmunt Bauman. In its conclusion, the thesis attempts to...

Kristýna Tumpachová's Bachelor thesis goes into issues with tattoos and its transformation. The key theme of the thesis is mainly the history of tattooing, their function and their metastasis from the former, which began to appear in pre-literary cultures to the present. It also tries to find answers to questions such as "Did the fuction of tattoos totally disappear or is it vice versa?" "How do they get tattoos to kitsches?" It not only points to an aesthetic extent, but also to anthropological and social dimension and takes tattoos not as a product of a new generation, but also looks at it as if it has been a major and important part of every culture throughout the centuries.

The bachelor thesis' topic is the hanging picture in contemporary households with a special focus on the issue of pre-fabricated reproductions sold in hypermarkets such as Hornbach or Ikea. The hanging picture is put into the broader context of its historical development, also the transformation of its functions is discussed. One of the chapters focuses specifically on the topic of reproductions, the following one places the researched phenomenon into the context of works on mass culture and kitsch. The current research on pictures in households is presented, which is then followed by the description of my own empirical study. Its objective is to explore the individual differences in the motivations, preferences and importance of criteria influencing the decision making process in choosing pictures for households. But also to discover some more general patterns in the evaluation of pictures offered in Hornbach and Ikea by their potential customers. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)