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The article deals with the issues related to the possibility of Ukraine's ratification of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court as an effective way to participate in the administration of international criminal justice with a view to bringing to justice those who have committed and continue to commit crimes of international concern in our country. The author analyzes the basic principles of correlation between international and national law, in particular, criminal procedure law, and on the basis of the analysis concludes that modem criminal procedure law of Ukraine is capable of interacting with the norms of international law in the field of criminal proceedings on the basis of three main principles of such interaction. The author also examines the contradictions between the provisions of the Rome Statute and certain provisions of the Constitution of Ukraine regarding the exclusion of immunities from liability (including criminal liability) for certain categories of persons, the rejection of the principle of non-extradition of own citizens, etc., and proves that this problem can be solved without amending the Constitution of Ukraine. The study concludes that there are no serious legal grounds for refusing to ratify the Rome Statute and emphasizes the need to ratify the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court as a prerequisite for further European integration of our country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to explore the implementation of Arabic Language and Islamic Values Education (ALIVE), specifically, it sought answers to the question: How do the participants view their experiences in the implementation of Arabic Language and Islamic Values Education (ALIVE) program? The study employed a qualitative multiple case research design. The participants of this study were the ALIVE learners of DepEd Palimbang District I, Palimbang, Sultan Kudarat. Purposive sampling was used in determining the participants of the study. The study had four formulated themes which were the best practices, benefits, opportunities, and similarities and differences in the implementation of ALIVE program. The following topics were developed by the best practices theme: creating a positive atmosphere, adopting moral principles, learning the Arabic language and alphabet, and using knowledge. The following emerging themes emerged from the benefits: educating about Islam, learning useful skills, and applying what was learned. The following themes have emerged as a result of the opportunities: socializing, self-development, and upgrading education. However, in order to assess its effectiveness in promoting Islamic principles and Arabic language competency, this study is crucial. This study provided insightful information about the program's effectiveness, room for improvement, and wider relevance in fostering religious education and cultural awareness in schools and society at large. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives Methods Results Conclusions Talk, Understand and Listen for InPatient Settings (TULIPS) was a multi‐centred randomized control trial of an intervention that aimed to increase patient access to psychological therapies on acute mental health wards. This paper aims to: (i) describe a strategy for designing a psychological intervention that is implementable in inpatient mental health settings; (ii) describe methods for assessing the fidelity of interventions within these settings; (iii) report on the extent to which fidelity was achieved in the TULIPS trial.The TULIPS intervention was designed using information from a systematic review, stakeholder interviews, pilot work and a consensus workshop. We assessed fidelity to the model in terms of the delivery and dose of essential elements of the intervention, quality of intervention delivery, engagement of participants with the intervention and differentiation between the intervention and usual care.Although the TULIPS intervention targeted known barriers to the delivery of psychological interventions on mental health wards, we found issues in implementing aspects of the intervention that were dependent upon the participation of members of the multidisciplinary team. Psychologists were able to overcome barriers to delivering individual therapy to patients as this provision was not reliant on the availability of other staff.The intervention period in the study was 6 months. A greater period of time with a critical mass of psychological practitioners is needed to embed psychological interventions on inpatient wards. Our fidelity framework and assessment methods can be used by other researchers implementing and testing psychological therapies within inpatient environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the design of an adaptive controller, simulation, code generation, and porting of the algorithm into target hardware, movement of the 7.5 m antenna, testing, verification, and validation of theoretical and experimental results of the antenna system. The conventional servo control methods based on PID controllers are being used for tracking X-band missions. As the need for higher data rates is increasing, missions are switching to the Ka band, as a result the satellite ground stations will have to track the satellite in the Ka band where the antenna band beam width is narrowed by a factor of 3 when compared to the X-band antenna beamwidth. These challenges had driven the designer to design and implement a Model Reference Adaptive Controller over PID to improve and achieve the tracking accuracy of less than 25m° from the present 30 m°. Thus, consistent and constant performance is achieved throughout the trajectory tracking of the mission using PID + MRAC (Model Reference Adaptive Control). MRAC uses a reference model that specifies the desired response of the antenna system and adjusts the controller parameters such that the plant follows the reference to achieve the desired performance. The entire drive chain modules and their parameters are considered in the design of the plant, namely MRAC controller, PID controller, Power Drive electronic (Rectifier and Inverter), Servo Motor, mechanical torque coupling, Gear reducer, Slew Ring Bearing (SRB), and absolute encoder modules of each axis for position feedback from the antenna. Model Order Reduction of higher-order actual Plant model to the standard second-order system is optimized. The modelled and analysed outcomes of the MRAC scheme using the Modified MIT are demonstrated. The developed model is tested against step, ramp, parabolic, satellite trajectory, velocity and acceleration inputs in MATLAB/Simulink and validated with practical/ experimental test results with antenna load at the satellite ground Station. The achieved results indicate that the PID + MRAC controller has significant and consistent performance improvements when compared to the PID controller alone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders are commonly treated in primary healthcare and may, if not treated adequately, entail a risk for long-term disability and sickness absence. A team-based rehabilitation intervention (PREVention of Sickness Absence for Musculoskeletal disorders, PREVSAM) was evaluated in a randomised controlled trial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the process of implementing the PREVSAM model in primary care rehabilitation. Methods: This process evaluation was conducted alongside the trial, collecting quantitative and qualitative data to evaluate how the PREVSAM model was implemented, mechanisms of impact, and contextual factors. Acceptability, feasibility, appropriateness, adaptations, training and support, resources, recruitment, reach, retention, dose, fidelity, and readiness for change were investigated. Qualitative data were collected from healthcare professionals and patients. Results: Eight of 22 invited rehabilitation clinics (36%) and 28 of 54 healthcare professionals (52%) were included in the PREVSAM trial and this process evaluation. Of 507 eligible patients, 261 (51%) were included. Of those, 134 were randomised to the intervention and 129 (96%) were retained. Twelve healthcare professionals and 15 patients participated in the qualitative evaluations. The model's essential components; individual assessments and structured, team-based rehabilitation with clear division of responsibilities agreed in a joint health plan; were generally delivered according to protocol. The optional components early access to psychological treatment and workplace contact were delivered to a lesser extent. Perceived acceptability, feasibility, and appropriateness of the PREVSAM model were moderate to high. Several contextual barriers, in the form of missing prerequisites, affected the implementation. Qualitative data showed that the model, with its holistic view, was appreciated by both healthcare professionals and patients. Conclusions: This process evaluation suggests that PREVSAM is acceptable, feasible and appropriate for patients with MSDs reporting psychological risk factors associated with increased risk for sickness absence. While essential components were implemented with fidelity for most patients, optional components were not. This variability reflects the complexity of the model, its mandatory and optional components, contextual barriers, and the person-centred approach meeting individual patient needs. As all model components were not delivered to all patients, the intervention may have been too similar to treatment as usual to detect differences on a group level. A limitation of the study is that half of the participating rehabilitation clinics withdrew prematurely. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims Methods and results Conclusion Clinical practice guidelines are commonly written by professional societies in high‐income countries (HIC) with limited anticipation of implementation obstacles in other environments. We used heart failure (HF) guidelines as a paradigm to examine this concern, by conducting a survey to understand clinicians' ability to implement HF guidelines and their perceptions of the current HF guideline applicability in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMIC).An online survey of physicians in the database of the Translational Medicine Academy who treat HF patients was offered by email from 5 October to 27 November 2023, inquiring of participants' demographic information, experience, and views of HF guidelines as related to their practice. Of 2622 participating clinicians, 1592 partially completed, and an additional 1030 fully completed the survey. Participants were from 138 countries; 668 practiced in HIC, and 1954 in LMIC. Those from LMIC regarded HF guidelines to be less applicable in their country than did those from HIC (p = 0.0002). Of all those responding, 75.3% indicated that it was somewhat or mostly true that the HF guidelines were mostly applicable to HIC. Those from LMIC, but not HIC indicated that the greatest implementation obstacle was that the guidelines were for HIC (51.3% vs. 43.1%; p = 0.0387). A significantly higher proportion of respondents from LMIC indicated that resources for caring for their patients were somewhat or mostly limiting in most cases, than did those in HIC (41.6% vs. 32.5%, p = 0.0068).This survey examined the widely‐held thought that HF guidelines are broadly applicable to all regions of the world, concluding that such a perception is incorrect. Clinicians from LMIC view the absence of consideration of local resource limitations as the greatest obstacle for guideline implementation. The results regarding HF guidelines likely also have implications for other guidelines and resultant patient outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dose reduction (DR) of first-generation biologics for plaque psoriasis (TNF-alpha inhibitors (i) and interleukin (IL)-12/23i) has been described in a previous scoping review. The literature on the DR of the newest generation of biologics (IL-17/23i) was scarce. The current review provides a literature update on the previous scoping review on the DR of all biologics, including the newest generation, with a focus on the uptake and implementation of DR in practice. The current literature search on DR revealed 14 new articles in addition to those in the previous review. Four of the newly found articles tested DR strategies, mostly focusing on firstgeneration biologics; only guselkumab (IL-23i) was included in one study. The other 10 studies showed data on regaining response after failure of DR, safety, cost-effectiveness, and uptake and implementation, as well as information about IL-17/23i. The eligibility criteria to start DR included both absolute and relative Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) scores (PASI ≤3/≤5/PASI 75-100) and/or Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) ≤3/≤5, or BSA ≤1/≤2, or Physician Global Assessment (PGA) ≤1/0-2 during a period ranging from 12 weeks to ≥1 year. Most studies used PASI ≤5 and/or DLQI ≤5 or PGA ≤1 for ≥6 months. DR strategies were mostly performed by stepwise interval prolongation in two steps (to 67% of the standard dose, followed by 50%). Some studies of IL-17/23i reduced the dose to ±25%. The tested DR strategies on stepwise or fixed DR on TNF-αi and IL-12/23i (three studies), as well as one "on-demand" dosing study on IL-23i guselkumab, were successful. In the case of relapse of DR on TNF-αi and IL-12/23i, clinical effectiveness was regained by retreatment with the standard dose. All studies showed substantial cost savings with the biologic DR of TNF-αi and IL-12/23i. The identified barriers against the implementation of DR were mainly a lack of guidelines and scientific evidence on effectiveness and safety, and a lack of time and (technical) support. The identified facilitators were mainly clear guidelines, feasible protocols, adequate education of patients and physicians, and cost reduction. In conclusion, DR seems promising, but a research gap still exists in randomized, prospective studies testing DR strategies, especially of IL-17/23i, hampering the completion of guidelines on DR. Taking into account the identified barriers and facilitators most likely results in a more successful implementation of biologic DR in practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For successful health technology innovation and implementation it is key to, in an early phase, understand the problem and whether a proposed innovation is the best way to solve the problem. This review performed an initial exploration of published tools that support innovators in academic research and early stage development with awareness and guidance along the end-to-end process of development, evaluation and implementation of health technology innovations. Tools were identified from scientific literature as well as in grey literature by non-systematic searches in public research databases and search engines, and based on expert referral. A total number of 14 tools were included. Tools were classified as either readiness level tool (n = 6), questionnaire/checklist tool (n=5) or guidance tool (n = 3). A qualitative analysis of the tools identified 5 key domains, 5 innovation phases and 3 implementation principles. All tools were mapped for (partially) addressing the identified domains, phases, and principles. The present review provides awareness of available tools and of important aspects of health technology innovation and implementation (vs. nontechnological or non-health related technological innovations). Considerations for tool selection include for example the purpose of use (awareness or guidance) and the type of health technology innovation. Considerations for novel tool development include the specific challenges in academic and early stage development settings, the translation of implementation to early innovation phases, and the importance of multi-disciplinary strategic decisionmaking. A remaining attention point for future studies is the validation and effectiveness of (self-assessment) tools, especially in the context of support preferences and available support alternatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Aim Design Method Results Conclusion Implications for the Profession and/or Patient Care Patient or Public Contribution Reporting Method Incontinence‐associated dermatitis poses a significant risk for sacral pressure injuries, infection and morbidity in healthcare settings. Despite the availability of best practice guidelines, implementation remains a challenge.To outline the implementation of a hospital‐wide programme using the Integrated Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services framework to prevent and manage incontinence‐associated dermatitis and improve hospital‐acquired pressure injuries.This is an empirical research study using mixed methods.The study, conducted across surgical, medical and critical care wards between June and October 2023, aimed to address knowledge gaps, enhance clinical practice and evaluate the effectiveness of interventions. The implementation strategy included education modules, engagement of staff through focus groups and targeted interventions such as individualised toileting plans and structured skin care regimens. Data collection involved audits, incident reporting and clinician knowledge surveys.Findings indicate a reduction in hospital‐acquired incontinence‐associated dermatitis and pressure injuries postimplementation, with observed improvements in clinician knowledge. However, challenges including workload, skill mix and resource limitations were identified as barriers to implementation. The sustainability and scalability of the programme were emphasised, with ongoing monitoring and evaluation essential for long‐term success.This study underscores the importance of evidence‐based interventions, interdisciplinary collaboration and leadership support in improving patient outcomes and reducing healthcare costs associated with preventable skin injuries. Further research is needed to assess implementation in community settings and scale up interventions across healthcare networks.Analysing a hospital‐wide programme using the Integrated Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Service framework to prevent and manage incontinence‐associated dermatitis and improve hospital‐acquired pressure injuries, could help identify the challenges for delivering patient‐centred care.No patient or public involvement.To describe the implementation study, we referred to the StaRI Guideline.Trial Registration: This intervention study was applied to the whole population and was therefore not a trial and did not require trial registration. The study was considered low risk and the Human Research Ethics Application (HREA) was approved [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Aim Design Methods Results Conclusion Impact Reporting Method Patient or Public Contribution To explore the factors influencing the implementation of reasonable adjustments in hospitals for people with intellectual disability: using a realist lens.A qualitative study using a realist lens.Data collection involved one focus group interview and three semi‐structured interviews with healthcare professionals working in hospital or community settings in September 2023. Data were analysed using qualitative content analysis and findings were mapped to the Context and Implementation of Complex Interventions (CICI) framework across the dimension's context, implementation and setting.Healthcare professionals support the provision of reasonable adjustments in acute hospitals as a person‐centred approach to caring for people with intellectual disability. While reasonable adjustments are evident in practice, they are mostly individual‐level cases with little evidence of strategic system‐level implementation. The factors influencing the implementation of reasonable adjustments in practice were conceptualised using the CICI framework. Context factors spanned the domains of epidemiological (e.g., ageing population), socio‐cultural (e.g., historical healthcare), political (e.g., lack of integrated care pathways) and ethical (e.g., provision of person‐centred care). Implementation factors spanned the domains of strategies (e.g., leadership strategies), agents (e.g., liaison and advocacy roles) and outcomes (e.g., individual‐level reasonable adjustments). The setting for the complex intervention was the acute hospital. System‐level indicators for successful implementation include intellectual disability specific policies/procedures for integrated care pathways, education and awareness training for hospital staff, and leadership strategies such as the development of liaison nursing roles and the appropriate allocation of physical and human resources.A radical change is needed where implementation of reasonable adjustments in acute hospitals are broadened beyond isolated individual‐level cases to system‐level healthcare. This research highlights the importance of exploring the integrated dimensions of context, implementation and setting in complex interventions such as reasonable adjustments and sets foundation for further implementation research in this area.Reasonable adjustments at the system‐level within acute hospitals would promote person‐centred care and help address the inequities and health disparities experienced by people with intellectual disability. This research uses a realist lens to explore the factors influencing the implementation of reasonable adjustments in acute hospitals for people with intellectual disability. The factors influencing the implementation of reasonable adjustments in practice were conceptualised using the CICI framework across the dimensions of context (domains epidemiological, socio‐cultural, political and ethical), implementation (domains strategies, agents and outcomes) and setting. System‐level indicators for successful implementation include intellectual disability specific policies/procedures for integrated care pathways, education and awareness training for hospital staff, and leadership strategies such as the development of liaison nursing roles and the appropriate allocation of physical and human resources. This research highlights the importance of exploring the integrated dimensions of context, implementation and setting of complex interventions such as reasonable adjustments and sets a foundation for further implementation research in this area.This research adhered to the Equator research reporting guideline: standards for reporting qualitative research.A parent of a child with intellectual disability was involved in the conduct of this research, specifically in the design, data collection and preparation of the manuscript. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractObjectiveMethodResultsConclusionThe purpose of this study was to assess the implementation of suicide-focused treatments delivered via a hybrid telemental health (TMH) and in-person format.This study was conducted at four university counseling centers (UCCs) across the United States. Treatment-seeking clients were recruited from their local UCCs and participated in adaptive treatment strategies (ATSs) involving Treatment as Usual (TAU), Collaborative Assessment and Management of Suicidality (CAMS), and Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT). Implementation outcomes, including appropriateness, acceptability, feasibility, fidelity, safety, and client satisfaction, were assessed. UCC clinicians participated in qualitative interviews focused on implementation of TMH for clients presenting with suicidal ideation (SI).Overall, treatments delivered via hybrid format were reported to be appropriate, acceptable, feasible, and satisfactory by clinicians and clients. Implementation of TMH was reported to be equivalent to in-person treatment across multiple measurement methods.Results from this study demonstrate that TMH is an implementable treatment modality for addressing suicidality, particularly for college students presenting to UCCs with SI. This study has implications for real-world clinical settings planning to offer hybrid treatment modalities to address SI.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04728815. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Family-based treatment (FBT), the leading intervention for adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN), is severely understudied in outpatient care settings that serve publicly-insured populations. Many individuals with public insurance are lower-income, racially and ethnically diverse, and experience barriers to accessing evidence-based interventions for eating disorders (EDs). Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with ten interdisciplinary providers who provide specialty care to youth with EDs in an inpatient and/or outpatient medical setting. Interview questions were focused on the interdisciplinary providers' experiences of caring for individuals with EDs, with a focus on differences in care for those with private insurance compared to public insurance. The interviews took place two years after training in FBT was delivered to mental health providers in San Francisco County, which created opportunities to explore provider perspectives on collaborating with newly-trained mental health providers in the community implementing FBT with publicly-insured youth. Results: Content analysis converged on three themes: the critical importance of supporting mental health treatment within the context of medical care, complex challenges when helping patients and their families navigate publicly-funded health care systems, and the overall positive impact of the FBT rollout in San Francisco County. Participants emphasized greater confidence in patient outcomes when collaborating with FBT providers and noted discord when working with providers not trained in EDs or FBT. Referral systems, weight-based stigma, and a lack of appropriate services were highlighted as significant barriers to care. To facilitate treatment engagement in publicly-insured populations, participants stressed the importance of clinicians providing psychoeducation and providing services with a high degree of cultural competence. Participants expressed that patients' ability to access FBT and providers' ability to collaborate on cases markedly improved following the county training, increasing their sense of efficacy in delivering adequate patient care. Conclusions: The discussed themes highlight the importance of access to FBT for individuals in underserved communities, which can significantly reduce both provider and patient burden. Despite various barriers to utilizing FBT in publicly-funded settings, clinicians stressed that cultural adaptations increase the implementation of and facilitate family engagement in FBT, which is consistent with previous literature examining evidence-based intervention implementation science. Plain English Summary: Publicly-insured individuals often represent lower-income, racially, and ethnically diverse populations who typically lack access to evidence-based treatment for eating disorders (EDs), such as family-based treatment (FBT). Healthcare providers working in a medical setting shared their perspectives on ED care and collaboration with community mental health providers. Participants discussed increased confidence when working with community FBT providers and described common barriers to delivering FBT in publicly-funded settings. To address these barriers, they stressed the importance of cultural competence and patient advocacy. The results of the study suggest that access to FBT providers can reduce patient and provider burden in publicly-funded settings, and highlight the need for improving systems of care to better meet the needs of vulnerable populations with EDs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Popularity of electrical impedance tomography (EIT) and esophageal pressure (Pes) monitoring in the ICU is increasing, but there is uncertainty regarding their bedside use within a personalized ventilation strategy. We aimed to gather insights about the current experiences and perceived role of these physiological monitoring techniques, and to identify barriers and facilitators/solutions for EIT and Pes implementation. Methods: Qualitative study involving (1) a survey targeted at ICU clinicians with interest in advanced respiratory monitoring and (2) an expert focus group discussion. The survey was shared via international networks and personal communication. An in-person discussion session on barriers, facilitators/solutions for EIT implementation was organized with an international panel of EIT experts as part of a multi-day EIT meeting. Pes was not discussed in-person, but we found the focus group results relevant to Pes as well. This was confirmed by the survey results and four additional Pes experts that were consulted. Results: We received 138 survey responses, and 26 experts participated in the in-person discussion. Survey participants had diverse background [physicians (54%), respiratory therapists (19%), clinical researchers (15%), and nurses (6%)] with mostly > 10 year ICU experience. 84% of Pes users and 74% of EIT users rated themselves as competent to expert users. Techniques are currently primarily used during controlled ventilation for individualization of PEEP (EIT and Pes), and for monitoring lung mechanics and lung stress (Pes). EIT and Pes are considered relevant techniques to guide ventilation management and is helpful for educating clinicians; however, 57% of EIT users and 37% of Pes users agreed that further validation is needed. Lack of equipment/materials, evidence-based guidelines, clinical protocols, and/or the time-consuming nature of the measurements are main reasons hampering Pes and EIT application. Identified facilitators/solutions to improve implementation include international guidelines and collaborations between clinicians/researcher and manufacturers, structured courses for training and use, easy and user-friendly devices and standardized analysis pipelines. Conclusions: This study revealed insights on the role and implementation of advanced respiratory monitoring with EIT and Pes. The identified barriers, facilitators and strategies can serve as input for further discussions to promote the development of EIT-guided or Pes-guided personalized ventilation strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Remote monitoring can strengthen postoperative care in the community and minimise the burden of complications. However, implementation requires a clear understanding of how to sustainably integrate such complex interventions into existing care pathways. This study aimed to explore perceptions of potential facilitators and barriers to the implementation of digital remote postoperative monitoring from key stakeholders and derive recommendations for an implementable service. Methods: A qualitative implementation study was conducted of digital remote postoperative wound monitoring across two UK tertiary care hospitals. All enrolled patients undergoing general surgery, and all staff involved in postoperative care were eligible. Criterion-based purposeful sampling was used to select stakeholders for semi-structured interviews on their perspectives and experiences of digital remote postoperative monitoring. A theory-informed deductive-inductive qualitative analysis was conducted; drawing on normalisation process theory (NPT) to determine facilitators for and barriers to implementation within routine care. Results: There were 28 semi-structured interviews conducted with patients (n = 14) and healthcare professionals (n = 14). Remote postoperative monitoring was perceived to fulfil an unmet need in facilitating the diagnosis and treatment of postoperative complications. Participants perceived clear benefit to both the delivery of health services, and patient outcomes and experience, but some were concerned that this may not be equally shared due to potential issues with accessibility. The COVID-19 pandemic demonstrated telemedicine services are feasible to deliver and acceptable to participants, with examples of nurse-led remote postoperative monitoring currently supported within local care pathways. However, there was a discrepancy between patients' expectations regarding digital health to provide more personalised care, and the capacity of healthcare staff to deliver on these. Without further investment into IT infrastructure and allocation of staff, healthcare staff felt remote postoperative monitoring should be prioritised only for patients at the highest risk of complications. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic has sparked the digital transformation of international health systems, yet the potential of digital health interventions has yet to be realised. The benefits to stakeholders are clear, and if health systems seek to meet governmental policy and patient expectations, there needs to be greater organisational strategy and investment to ensure appropriate deployment and adoption into routine care. Trial registration: NCT05069103. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Providing new psychological treatments in clinical settings requires implementation strategies adapted to the organizational context. This study explored how licensed psychologists experienced their context when providing a new transdiagnostic psychological treatment, “the hybrid treatment”, to treat comorbid pain and emotional problems in a clinical setting. We aimed to identify which contextual factors the therapists experienced as facilitating or hindering, to gain a better understanding of important considerations when planning a future implementation strategy. Contextual factors were identified using the Consolidated Framework of Implementation Research (CFIR) in data collection and analysis. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews (N = 9). Thematic analysis resulted in the identification of five main influencing factors: Perception of the intervention’s adaptability, prioritization of the patient’s needs, leadership engagement, structure for collaboration, and therapists’ professional engagement. The results highlight the importance of ensuring a clearly stated mandate for the key individuals involved. The findings may guide future implementation of new psychological treatments into regular care, to enhance facilitators and overcome barriers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThe present study compares the feasibility and acceptability of two asynchronous, interactive, 2-3-hour, online interventions: Media Aware, which is a comprehensive sex education program, taught from a media literacy perspective and Health Aware, which is a comprehensive sex education program containing identical sexual health content, but no media literacy content. Among n = 649 community college students, both programs were equivalently high in program fidelity (88% completed all lessons) and acceptability (average 90% positive ratings). Qualitative analyses revealed that both programs were informative and usable, with few criticisms besides program length. Results suggest, both programs represent promising approaches to sex education for college students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Millions of United States (U.S.) troops deployed to the Middle East and Southwest Asia were exposed to toxic airborne hazards and/or open-air burn pits. Burn pit emissions contain particulate matter combined with toxic gasses and heavy metals. Ongoing research has demonstrated that exposures to the airborne hazards from military burn pits have profound and lasting health and wellness consequences. Research on the long-term health consequences of exposure to open burn pits has been limited. Work continues to understand the scope of the health impacts and the underlying pathobiology following exposures and to establish care standards. The U.S. Sergeant First Class Heath Robinson Honoring our Promise to Address Comprehensive Toxics (PACT) Act was signed into law August 2022. This act expands the benefits and services to U.S. Veterans exposed to toxicants, requires the Veterans Health Administration to provide toxic exposure screening, and supports increased research, education, and treatment due to toxic occupational exposures. This review highlights the state of the science related to military burn pit exposures research with an emphasis on pulmonary health. Clinical data demonstrate areas of reduced or delayed pulmonary ventilation and lung pathologies such as small airways scarring, diffuse collagen deposition and focal areas of ossification. Identification and characterization of foreign matter deposition in lung tissues are reported, including particulate matter, silica, titanium oxides, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. These data are consistent with toxic exposures and with the symptoms reported by post-deployment Veterans despite near-normal non-invasive pulmonary evaluations. On-going work toward new methods for non-invasive pulmonary diagnoses and disease monitoring are described. We propose various studies and databases as resources for clinical and health outcomes research. Pre-clinical research using different burn pit modeling approaches are summarized, including oropharyngeal aspiration, intranasal inhalation, and whole-body exposure chamber inhalation. These studies focus on the impacts of specific toxic substances as well as the effects of short-term and sustained insults over time on the pulmonary systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To examine the association between clinical personnel’s general attitudes towards new interventions and implementation outcomes related to an evidence-based individualized, culturally tailored, computerized decision aid (DA) for the management of lupus. To assess attitudes, the validated Evidence-Based Practice Attitudes Scale (EBPAS) survey was emailed to personnel in 15 rheumatology clinics across the U.S. The survey also included questions related to three validated implementation outcomes: lupus DA acceptability, appropriateness and feasibility. The baseline round of the survey was fielded from August 2019 to January 2020 and yielded a 56.8% response rate (n = 76 respondents). We also collected organizational characteristics from each clinic and personnel-level control variables. Overall, respondents reported modest levels of lupus DA acceptability, appropriateness and feasibility (3.54, 3.45 and 3.40, respectively, on a scale of 1–5). Multilevel regression analyses demonstrated statistically significant positive relationships between a respondent’s openness to new practices/interventions and perceived lupus DA acceptability (β = 0.31, p < .01) and feasibility (β = 0.28, p < .05). Divergence (a respondent’s perceived difference between current and new practices) was not associated with clinic personnel perceptions of the DA. These findings suggest that understanding clinic personnel general attitudes toward new interventions is an important precursor to implementing evidence-based practices and may provide important diagnostic information about places to intervene in preparation for implementation and improving shared decision-making with patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Given that the majority of suicide decedents visit primary care in the year preceding death, primary care has been identified as a key setting in which to engage patients at risk for suicide in mental health services. The objective of this research was to identify barriers and facilitators to engagement in mental health services among primary care patients at risk for suicide to inform the development of strategies to increase engagement. Methods: Seventy-four semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with primary care patients (n = 20), primary care (n = 18) and behavioral health (n = 12) clinicians, mental health intake coordinators (n = 4), and health system and clinic leaders (n = 20). Patients who had been referred for mental health services from primary care and reported an elevated score (≥ 1) on item 9 on the Patient Health Questionnaire at the time of referral were eligible to participate. Eligible clinicians and leaders were employed in a primary care or behavioral health setting in a single large health system with an integrated mental health program. Interviews typically lasted 30–60 min, were completed over video conference or phone, and were coded by members of the research team using a rapid qualitative analysis procedure. Results: Participants were primarily female (64.9%), white (70.3%) and non-Hispanic/Latine (91.9%). The most identified barriers to mental health care engagement were waitlists, capacity limits, insurance, patient characteristics, communication, collaboration, and/or difficulties surrounding travel. The most commonly cited facilitators of engagement included telehealth, integrated care models, reminders, case management support, psychoeducation, motivational enhancement, and scheduling flexibility. Concrete suggestions for improving engagement in mental health services included increasing communication between providers, streamlining referral and intake processes, providing reminders and follow ups, and advocacy for increased reimbursement for suicide risk assessment. Conclusions: Results underscore the myriad barriers patients at risk for suicide encounter when attempting to engage in mental health care in a primary care setting. Facilitators of engagement and suggestions for improving connections to care were also identified, which can inform the design of implementation strategies to improve engagement in mental health services among primary care patients at risk for suicide. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05021224 (Registered August 19, 2021). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To increase the number of constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) programs provided by rehabilitation services. Methods: A before-and-after implementation study involving nine rehabilitation services. The implementation package to help change practice included file audit–feedback cycles, 2-day workshops, poster reminders, a community-of-practice and drop-in support. File audits were conducted at baseline, every three months for 1.5 years, and once after support ceased to evaluate maintenance of change. CIMT participant outcomes were collected to evaluate CIMT effectiveness and maintenance (Action Research Arm Test and Motor Activity Log). Staff focus groups explored factors influencing CIMT delivery. Results: CIMT adoption improved from baseline where only 2% of eligible people were offered and/or received CIMT (n = 408 files) to more than 50% over 1.5 years post-implementation (n = 792 files, 52% to 73% offered CIMT, 27%–46% received CIMT). Changes were maintained at 6-month follow-up (n = 172 files, 56% offered CIMT, 40% received CIMT). CIMT participants (n = 74) demonstrated clinically significant improvements in arm function and occupational performance. Factors influencing adoption included interdisciplinary collaboration, patient support needs, intervention adaptations, a need for continued training, and clinician support. Conclusions: The implementation package helped therapists overcome an evidence-practice gap and deliver CIMT more routinely. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION: Constraint induced movement therapy (CIMT) is a highly effective intervention for arm recovery after acquired brain injury, recommended in multiple clinical practice guidelines yet delivery of CIMT in practice remains rare. A multifaceted implementation package including clinician training workshops, a community of practice, drop in support and regular audit and feedback cycles improved delivery of CIMT programs in practice by neurorehabilitation teams. Stroke survivors and people with brain injury who received a CIMT program in usual practice demonstrated clinically important improvements in arm function, dexterity and occupational performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) is a recommended intervention for arm recovery after acquired brain injury but is underutilised in practice. The purpose of this study is to describe the development of a behaviour change intervention targeted at therapists, to increase delivery of CIMT. Methods: A theoretically-informed approach for designing behaviour change interventions was used including identification of which behaviours needed to change (Step 1), barriers and enablers that needed to be addressed (Step 2), and intervention components to target those barriers and enablers (Step 3). Data collection methods included file audits and therapist interviews. Quantitative data (file audits) were analysed using descriptive statistics. Qualitative data analysis (interviews) was informed by the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) and Behaviour Change Wheel. Results: Fifty two occupational therapists, physiotherapists and allied health assistants participated in focus groups (n = 7) or individual interviews (n = 6). Key barriers (n = 20) and enablers (n = 10) were identified across 11 domains of the TDF and perceived to influence CIMT implementation. The subsequent behaviour change intervention included training workshops, nominated team champions, community of practice meetings, three-monthly file audit feedback cycles, poster reminders and drop-in support during CIMT. Conclusion: This study describes the development of a behaviour change intervention to increase CIMT delivery by clinicians. Trial registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, Trial ID: ACTRN12617001147370. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION: Constraint induced movement therapy (CIMT) is a highly effective intervention for arm recovery after acquired brain injury, recommended in multiple clinical practice guidelines, yet delivery of CIMT is often not part of routine practice. The Behaviour Change Wheel, COM-B (capability, opportunity, motivation- behaviour) system and Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) helped identify barriers and enablers to CIMT delivery by therapists, and design a theoretically-informed behaviour change intervention. The effect of the behaviour change intervention on therapists practice can now be evaluated to determine if it increases the delivery of CIMT more routinely in practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Surgical safety remains a critical global health concern, with complications from surgical procedures resulting in significant morbidity and mortality, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. The World Health Organization (WHO) Surgical Safety Checklist (SSC) has been shown to reduce surgical complications and mortality rates. However, its implementation and impact in resource-limited settings like Somalia remain understudied. This study aimed to evaluate the implementation of the WHO SSC in selected hospitals in Mogadishu, Somalia, and assess its impact on surgical safety practices. Methods: A pre- and post-intervention study was conducted in 15 randomly selected hospitals in Mogadishu, Somalia. The intervention involved a comprehensive training program on the WHO SSC for surgical teams. Data on hospital characteristics, surgical details, and adherence to the SSC were collected over two periods: pre-intervention (April 12th to May 4th, 2024) and post-intervention (May 12th to June 3rd, 2024). The primary outcome was the adherence to the SSC, categorized as good (> 60%) or poor (≤ 60%). Descriptive statistics, McNemar's test, and binary logistic regression were used for data analysis. Results: Adherence to the WHO SSC significantly improved post-intervention, with 98.8% of surgical cases demonstrating good adherence compared to 37% pre-intervention (p < 0.001). The mean adherence score increased from 51.6% (SD = 29.6) to 94.1% (SD = 8.2). Significant improvements were observed for most individual checklist items, including patient identity confirmation, surgical site marking, anesthesia machine checks, and pulse oximeter use (p < 0.001). Team dynamics and communication also improved significantly post-intervention. Hospital type, size, years of service, funding source, surgical department, surgery type, urgency, and staff numbers were associated with checklist adherence pre-intervention. Conclusion: The implementation of a comprehensive training intervention significantly improved adherence to the WHO Surgical Safety Checklist in resource-limited hospitals in Mogadishu, Somalia. The findings highlight the feasibility and effectiveness of the SSC in enhancing surgical safety practices, team communication, and patient outcomes in challenging healthcare environments. Tailored implementation strategies, ongoing training, and cultural adaptation are crucial for the successful adoption of the SSC in resource-constrained settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Although mobile health (mHealth) interventions have shown promise in improving health outcomes, most of them rarely translate to scale. Prevailing mHealth studies are largely small-sized, short-term and donor-funded pilot studies with limited evidence on their effectiveness. To facilitate scale-up, several frameworks have been proposed to enhance the generic implementation of health interventions. However, there is a lack of a specific focus on the implementation and integration of mHealth interventions in routine care in low-resource settings. Our scoping review aimed to synthesize and develop a framework that could guide the implementation and integration of mHealth interventions. Methods: We searched the PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect databases for published theories, models, and frameworks related to the implementation and integration of clinical interventions from 1st January 2000 to 31st December 2023. The data processing was guided by a scoping review methodology proposed by Arksey and O'Malley. Studies were included if they were i) peer-reviewed and published between 2000 and 2023, ii) explicitly described a framework for clinical intervention implementation and integration, or iii) available in full text and published in English. We integrated different domains and constructs from the reviewed frameworks to develop a new framework for implementing and integrating mHealth interventions. Results: We identified eight eligible papers with eight frameworks composed of 102 implementation domains. None of the identified frameworks were specific to the integration of mHealth interventions in low-resource settings. Two constructs (skill impartation and intervention awareness) related to the training domain, four constructs (technical and logistical support, identifying committed staff, supervision, and redesigning) from the restructuring domain, two constructs (monetary incentives and nonmonetary incentives) from the incentivize domain, two constructs (organizational mandates and government mandates) from the mandate domain and two constructs (collaboration and routine workflows) from the integrate domain. Therefore, a new framework that outlines five main domains—train, restructure, incentivize, mandate, and integrate (TRIMI)—in relation to the integration and implementation of mHealth interventions in low-resource settings emerged. Conclusion: The TRIMI framework presents a realistic and realizable solution for the implementation and integration deficits of mHealth interventions in low-resource settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Evidence-based and evidence-informed interventions designed to address gaps in the HIV care continuum have the potential to improve HIV care and treatment. However, inadequate organizational readiness can derail intervention uptake, prevent the integration of interventions, and contribute to suboptimal HIV treatment outcomes. This study sought to understand organizational readiness to implement bundled interventions for Black women with HIV and inform facilitators and barriers to implementation. Methods: We conducted a mixed methods readiness assessment across 12 sites participating in the Black Women First (BWF) initiative to gauge preparedness to implement bundled interventions. Readiness was assessed using the organizational readiness for implementing change (ORIC) scale, and two open-ended questions examined facilitators and barriers. Associations between participant and organizational level factors were evaluated using linear models with clustering by site at baseline, 6- and 12-months. Pre-implementation interviews were conducted with staff virtually and transcripts were managed in NVivo. Directed content analysis was used to explore implementation barriers and facilitators. Findings: Sites demonstrated high levels of organizational readiness at baseline; overall organizational readiness for implementing change (ORIC) (mean 56.4, median 59, interquartile range [IQR] 5) and subscales of the ORIC change efficacy (mean 32.4, median 35, IQR 4), change commitment (mean 24, median 25, IQR 1), which is consistent with willingness and capability to implement bundled interventions for Black women with HIV. Organizational readiness remained high at 6- and 12-month follow-up periods. Staff role was significantly associated with organizational readiness (p = 0.007), change efficacy (p = 0.006), and change commitment (p = 0.020) at 6 months. Qualitative analysis indicated strategic planning and assessment (e.g., team coordination and the development of workflows to support implementation); organizational change through network weaving across silos within the organization, and communications systems that engage external partners, as well as resources available for hiring and training, supported readiness. Collaborative leadership and organizational buy-in, staff motivation, and partnerships facilitated implementation processes. Conclusions: Organizations in the BWF initiative have high levels of organizational readiness reflecting willingness and capability to implement bundled interventions for Black women with HIV. Future research should examine the relationship between readiness and clinical outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction Methods Results Conclusions Learning health systems (LHSs) play a crucial role in improving healthcare delivery and outcomes through continuous learning and data‐driven decision‐making. Implementation of LHSs spans individual, organization, and systemic levels of healthcare. This paper outlines a systematic approach for developing a comprehensive codebook to identify barriers, enablers, and strategies associated with the establishment and operation of LHS from a multilevel perspective.The codebook development process was divided into two phases and employed a coding team. Phase 1 involved the synthesis of previous literature, which drove the development of initial codes. Phase 2 included the testing of the codebook with a pilot dataset to derive new codes or iterative refinement, ensuring robustness, and validity.The literature search revealed 12 papers that detailed the barriers, enablers, and strategies for LHS implementation. Micro‐level codes were derived from a mixture of existing literature and our pilot dataset. Most meso‐level codes barriers and enablers were derived from the literature, with some subcodes derived from participant interviews. All strategies for implementation at the meso‐level were identified in the literature. At the macro‐level, all codes and subcodes were from the literature.The codebook contributes to the advancement of implementation science in LHS. The codebook facilitates effective analysis and understanding of the key factors influencing the success of LHS implementation, offering practical insights for policymakers, healthcare practitioners and researchers engaged in the ongoing evolution of LHS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The process of identifying and discontinuing medicines in instances in which harms outweigh benefits (deprescribing) can mitigate the negative consequences of problematic polypharmacy. This process should be conducted with a focus on the patient and involve collaborative decision-making. Evidence is needed regarding patients' views on how deprescribing should be safely and routinely implemented in English primary care to improve its application. This study aimed to identify optimal methods of introducing and actioning deprescribing from the patient's perspective. Methods: Participants in England aged 65 and above who were taking five or more medicines and residing in their own homes were recruited through social media and service user groups. An interview guide was created from deprescribing literature and input from patients and the public, guided by the Normalisation Process Theory (NPT). The interviews were held online using Microsoft Teams® or via phone, recorded, and then transcribed. The data was analysed using the Framework analysis. Results: Twenty patients (mean age of 74.5, SD = 6.93), with 75% being female, were enrolled in the study. Three main themes emerged: (1) 'Why deprescribe now?' emphasised the significance of explaining the reasons behind deprescribing; (2) 'Monitoring and follow-up' underscored the necessity of safety measures during deprescribing and patients' willingness to self-monitor post-intervention; (3) 'Roles and relationships' explored patient perceptions of various healthcare professionals involved in deprescribing and the essential interpersonal skills for fostering therapeutic relationships. Conclusion: Optimal methods of introducing deprescribing included communicating a convincing rationale for stopping medicines and preparing patients for deprescribing conversations. Patients required support from a range of healthcare professionals with whom they had an existing therapeutic relationship. Whilst patients were motivated to self-monitor unwanted/unexpected effects post-deprescribing, timely support was required. The nature of such bolstered collective action and cognitive participation within NPT enhances the normalisation potential of deprescribing. These findings highlight the significance of considering the content and process of deprescribing consultations to enhance normalisation and tackle problematic polypharmacy. This provides a deeper understanding of patients' needs for implementing safe and routine deprescribing in primary care, which should be considered when designing medication review and deprescribing services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Early diagnosis of Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID) increases survival outcomes and quality of life while significantly minimizing healthcare burden and costs. Despite growing evidence supporting the benefits and cost-effectiveness of SCID detection through newborn screening (NBS), it has yet to be implemented in Malaysia. This study aims to explore experts' opinions on the current status, challenges, and crucial strategies needed for the successful implementation of SCID NBS. Methodology: A guided, structured interview was employed to explore opinions on the current status, barriers, and strategies for implementing SCID NBS in Malaysia. All 13 invited experts participated in this study, indicating complete participation from the entire Malaysian immunology fraternity (consisting of eight clinical immunologists and five immunopathologists). Key findings: Several initiatives are ongoing to establish SCID NBS in Malaysia. Hindrances such as low immunologist-to-patient ratio, unequal placements of immunologists throughout Malaysia, society's low disease awareness, national health prioritization, lack of stakeholder engagement, and inadequacy of local study/data were highlighted. Pilot research on SCID NBS, advocacy workshops, and promotion materials are among the ongoing activities outlined in the blueprint, paving the way for this nationwide NBS program to be achievable in the near future. Conclusion: This article provides recommendations to policymakers in mandating SCID NBS. Strategies by key stakeholders are underway, particularly in advocacy programs and efforts to increase awareness among clinicians and the public. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: With the goal of patient engagement, an initiative was formulated to equip each patient in the general wards with a tablet whereby they can access their health information and patient education materials and communicate with their healthcare team. This paper presented the methodology of the implementation efforts as well as an evaluation of the preliminary outcomes. Methods: The process of hospital-wide implementation was shared using the implementation research logic model. The bedside tablets were rolled out hospital-wide in a step-wedge manner over 12 months. Barriers and facilitators to this implementation were discussed together with strategies to optimize the situation. Preliminary outcomes of the implementation were evaluated using the RE-AIM framework. Results: The initial adoption rate for the bedside tablet was low. Additional strategies, such as survey audits and provision of feedback, development of education materials for patients, facilitation, and purposefully re-examining the implementation strategies, were used to improve adoption. The trend of adoption increased over the course of 2 years from the start of implementation. Discussion: The initial lower adoption rates may reflect Singapore's paternalistic healthcare culture. While this implementation was driven by the need to move away from paternalism and toward patient engagement, more time is required for significant cultural change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The uptake of research findings into clinical practice is critical to providing health care that improves health outcomes for patients. This study explored how Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI) awardees perceive the relationship between engagement of patients and other partners in research and three uses, or applications, of patient-centered comparative clinical effectiveness research (CER) study findings, which may lead to uptake in clinical practice: (1) Integration into clinical practice guidelines, recognized point-of-care decision tools, or documents that may inform policy; (2) Implementation beyond the study, including at sites outside of the study setting or patient populations; and (3) Active dissemination of findings to specific audiences by parties external to the study team. Methods: This exploratory qualitative study examined awardee and partner perceptions of what led to each use of study findings and how engaged partners contributed. We purposively selected PCORI-funded research projects with documentation of each use and conducted virtual interviews with 42 individuals (15 PIs or project leads, 2 research team members, and 25 partners) from 17 projects. We conducted thematic analysis of individual projects or project sets, across projects within each use case, and across the three uses. Results: Participants described three primary activities in which engaged partners made contributions before, during and after CER studies that facilitated the use of study findings: (1) generating relevant study findings, (2) distributing study findings strategically, and (3) making connections to people or organizations outside the study team. In addition, engagement continued to facilitate the use of study findings during subsequent PCORI-funded implementation and dissemination-specific projects, with partners adapting interventions and creating and tailoring dissemination messages and products. Finally, participants described attributes of teams' engagement approaches that may have supported partner contributions, including early and ongoing engagement, leveraging partners' connections and understanding of community needs, and using multiple engagement approaches. Conclusion: This study identified examples of how engagement can help facilitate the use of CER study findings, especially when engagement contributions occur in meaningful ways. Findings from this study suggest a framework for future research on the relationship between engagement in research and uptake of study findings into clinical practice. Plain English summary: This study looked at how PCORI awardees describe the relationship between engagement in research and three uses of study findings: (1) Citing findings in clinical practice guidelines or other documents that support health policy; (2) Putting findings into practice after the study; and (3) Sharing findings with specific audiences by people not on the study team. We selected PCORI-funded research projects that had signs of each use. Then, we interviewed 42 people, including 15 lead investigators or project leads, 2 research team members, and 25 partners. We summarized findings for each project and then across the three uses. Partners helped move forward each of the three uses of study findings. They helped to plan and conduct the studies, making findings relevant. Partners also helped to plan and then share study findings. They made connections to people and organizations for the use of study findings. In addition, partners helped to put findings into practice after the study and tailored and shared findings in their communities. Finally, the way project teams engaged partners may have supported partner contributions. Project teams had early and ongoing engagement in their study. Partners shared their understanding of community needs and used their connections to share findings. Also, projects often had more than one way to work with partners. Findings from this study highlight ways engagement in research can contribute to use and potentially uptake of study findings in clinical practice. The study also suggests topics for future research on how engagement affects the use of findings. Manuscript Text. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Management innovations are an important source of competitive advantage, but we lack knowledge on the implementation process, not least in small- and medium-sized companies (SMEs). Recognising that psychological ownership (PO) represents a crucial aspect of the implementation process, we address micro-foundational characteristics of the implementation process. PO and critical incident theory (CIT) provide a lens enabling this micro analysis. The empirical setting is the implementation of Hoshin Kanri, a strategic management system in eight small companies. From the analysis of the eight cases, we operationalise four dimensions that characterise how PO evolves in the implementation process: types of PO incidents, frequency of PO incidents, incidents indicating an increase or decrease in PO, and incidents addressing individual or collective PO. Looking at how PO is developed both among CEOs and managers in SMEs, we use the four dimensions to characterise the evolvement of PO within the focal organisations. In doing so, our article elaborates on PO as a driver and, if insufficiently developed, an impediment to effectively implementing management innovations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The traditional delivery of healthcare services, including crucial preventive measures such as health screenings, faced significant disruption due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In response, eHealth technology emerged as a practical alternative for conducting screening services. This pilot study introduces ScreenMen, a web-based app for men's health screening, implemented in a primary care setting. The study aims to assess patient uptake and healthcare provider's acceptability and feasibility of implementing ScreenMen, emphasizing the importance of implementation science research in healthcare innovation. Methods: This study employed a mixed-method explanatory sequential design, using a tailored implementation intervention to implement ScreenMen in an urban health clinic. Quantitative phase focused on patient uptake of ScreenMen and healthcare provider involvement, utilizing Google Analytics and provider questionnaires. Qualitative phase, using in-depth interviews with providers, explored factors influencing uptake and implementation. Data analysis employed means and percentages for quantitative data and framework analysis for qualitative data. Results: We invited 47 healthcare providers to attend the ScreenMen implementation workshop, with 26 participating, resulting in a 55.3% participation rate. Throughout the five-month study, there were 75 recorded accesses, with a completion rate of 20%. The primary way users accessed the app was through QR codes on buntings (38.7%), followed by postcards (12%). In qualitative interviews with three healthcare providers, it was found that the Identify and prepare champions strategy was helpful, as these champions led the implementation and encouraged other providers to promote ScreenMen. The use of QR codes on buntings, part of the Provide education and training strategy, was effective due to their visibility in patient waiting areas. However, the Mandate change strategy was considered ineffective, as providers felt obligated rather than motivated to implement ScreenMen. Conclusion: This study highlighted the uptake of ScreenMen and found barriers and facilitators during the pilot implementation. Two useful strategies were Identify and prepare champions and QR codes while Mandate change was not helpful. Further studies are needed to study the effectiveness of these implementation strategies to implement web-based apps. Trial registration: Clinical Trial Number: NCT06388473 (Retrospectively registered 05/04/2024). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Although indicated, referrals for multifactorial fall risk assessments in older adults with fall related injuries presenting at the emergency department (ED) are not standard. The implementation of a transmural fall-prevention care pathway (TFCP) could bridge this gap by guiding patients to multifactorial fall risk assessments and personalised multidomain interventions in primary care. This study aims to develop and evaluate implementation strategies for a TFCP. Methods: In this mixed-methods implementation study, strategies were developed using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change Matching Tool. These were evaluated with patients, involved healthcare professionals, and other stakeholders using the Reach, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance of the RE-AIM framework in two cycles. Patients of the TFCP consisted of frail community dwelling individuals aged 65 and over presenting at the ED with fall related injuries. Results: During the first implementation phase, strategies were focussed on assessing readiness, adaptability, local champions, incentives and education for all involved healthcare professions in the TFCP. Only 34.4% of eligible patients were informed of the TFCP at the ED, 30.6% agreed to a fall risk assessment and 8.3% patients received the fall risk assessment. In the second phase, this improved to 67.1%, 64.6%, and 35.4%, respectively. Strategies in this phase focussed on adaptability, obtaining sustainable financial resources, local champions, assessing readiness, and education. The implementation was facilitated by strategies related to awareness, champion recruitment, educational meetings, adaptability of TFCP elements and evaluations of facilitators and barriers. Conclusion: The study outlined strategies for implementing TFCPs in EDs. Strategies included increasing awareness, utilising local champions, educational initiatives, adaptability of the TFCP, and continuous monitoring of facilitators and barriers. These insights can serve as a blueprint for enhancing fall prevention efforts for older adults in emergency department settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: To investigate awareness, use, and perceptions of the patient guidelines (PGs) of the German Guideline Program in Oncology (GGPO) and to explore general preferences regarding cancer information among patients and healthcare providers (HCPs). Methods: Two cross-sectional surveys among patients with cancer (November 2020—May 2021) and among HCPs (April -June 2021) were set up as anonymised, self-administered, semi-structured online surveys, including open-ended questions. Data were analysed with descriptive statistics and qualitative thematic analysis. Patients were recruited from national self-help organisations and certified cancer centres located all over Germany. HCPs were recruited from cancer centres, scientific medical societies and guideline groups. Results: Of 816 participating patients, 45% were aware of the GGPO-PGs, while 55% of the 455 participating HCPs were aware of them. Of those aware of the GGPO-PGs, 65% of patients and 86% of HCPs perceived them as helpful, while 95% in both groups saw them as comprehensive. Seventy-five percent of patients and 85% of HCPs were satisfied with the GGPO-PGs, 22%/13% were partially satisfied, and 3%/2% were rather/not at all satisfied. In addition to self-help organisations, physicians and hospitals were perceived as central in distributing the GGPO-PGs. More patients (78%) than HCPs (56%) stated a preference for detailed information, although the wish for concise information – e.g. decision aids – was concurrently expressed by the majority of all participants. Thematic analysis showed that up-to-dateness, trustworthiness, and supportive messaging are important properties for PGs. Conclusions: HCPs found the GGPO-PGs helpful, but awareness was low, which suggests that dissemination should be improved. This is also true for patients; however, further research needs to be done to increase the helpfulness of PGs for patients. Oncological PGs seem to be needed in different formats according to patients’ situational needs. Theory-driven research should investigate how to best frame patient information in a supportive way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Heart failure is a major global health challenge incurring a high rate of mortality, morbidity and hospitalisation. Effective medicines management at the time of hospital discharge into the community could reduce poor outcomes for people with heart failure. Within the Improving the Safety and Continuity Of Medicines management at Transitions of care (ISCOMAT) programme, the Medicines at Transitions Intervention (MaTI) was co-designed to improve such transitions, with a cluster randomised controlled trial to test effectiveness. The MaTI includes a patient toolkit and transfer of discharge medicines information to community pharmacy. This paper aims to determine the degree to which the intervention was delivered, and identify barriers and facilitators experienced by staff for the successful implementation of the intervention. Methods: The study was conducted in six purposively selected intervention sites. A mixed-methods design was employed using hospital staff interviews, structured and unstructured ward observations, and routine trial data about adherence to the MaTI. A parallel mixed analysis was applied. Qualitative data were analysed thematically using the Framework method. Data were synthesised, triangulated and mapped to the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). Results: With limited routines of communication between ward staff and community pharmacy, hospital staff found implementing community pharmacy-related steps of the intervention challenging. Staff time was depleted by attempts to bridge system barriers, sometimes leading to steps not being delivered. Whilst the introduction of the patient toolkit was often completed and valued as important patient education and a helpful way to explain medicines, the medicines discharge log within it was not, as this was seen as a duplication of existing systems. Within the CFIR the most applicable constructs were identified as ‘intervention complexity’ and ‘cosmopolitanism’ based on how well hospitals were networked with community pharmacies, and the availability of hospital resources to facilitate this. Conclusion: The MaTI was generally successfully implemented, particularly the introduction of the toolkit. However, implementation involving community pharmacy was more challenging and more effective communication systems are needed to support wider implementation. Trial registration: 11/04/2018 ISRCTN66212970. . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims Methods Results Conclusions Diabetes distress (DD) refers to the emotional and behavioural challenges associated with managing this demanding chronic disease over time. DD is alarmingly common and it has a significant impact on self‐management behaviours and clinical outcomes. Thus, there is growing recognition that DD is a pressing problem that deserves careful attention in clinical care. Translating the application of validated DD assessment and intervention protocols from the research to the clinical setting, however, presents challenges that require a reconsideration of some common assumptions about what DD is, how prevalent it is, how it presents itself clinically, how it might best be assessed and by whom.We employed data from six large‐scale studies using five common DD measures. Using these data, we review and challenge several common assumptions about DD.These data suggest that, because of its relative ubiquity, DD should not be viewed as a ‘co‐morbidity’ or ‘complication’ of diabetes and it should not be seen as a mental health/illness ‘condition’. Furthermore, we argue that DD assessment should: (1) be accepted as a standard part of comprehensive diabetes care, (2) occur regularly using broad rather than brief screening measures and (3) be addressed directly by diabetes clinicians, rather than exclusively by behavioural specialists.The results form the basis of a series of suggestions to enhance the translation, adoption and implementation of DD knowledge derived from the research setting directly into the real world of clinical care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim Method Results Conclusion Patients undergoing surgery experience perioperative anxiety and pain. Music has been shown to reduce perioperative anxiety, pain and medication requirement. This study assessed the feasibility and effectiveness of implementing a perioperative music intervention.A prospective pre‐ and post‐implementation pilot study was conducted to assess adherence to the intervention and the initial effect of music on postoperative pain scores (Numerical Rating Scale, 0–10) compared to a control group. Secondary outcomes encompassed pain scores throughout hospital admission, anxiety levels, medication usage, complications and hospital stay length.Adherence to the music intervention was preoperative 95.2%, intraoperative 95.7%, postoperative 31.9% and overall 29.7%. The intervention did influence postoperative pain. Patient's willingness to receive music was high (73%), they appreciated the intervention (median 8.0, interquartile range 7.0–9.0) and healthcare professionals were willing to apply the intervention. Music significantly reduced postoperative anxiety (2.0 vs. 3.0, p = 0.02) and the consumption of benzodiazepines on the first postoperative day (number of patients: zero [0%] vs. five [10%], p = 0.04).Implementation of music resulted in reduced postoperative anxiety and decreased consumption of benzodiazepines, and the strategy was feasible, but adjustments are needed to improve postoperative adherence. Both patients and healthcare professionals had a positive attitude towards the intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Aim(s) Design Methods Data Source Results Conclusion Implications for the Profession and/or Patient Care Reporting Method Patient or Public Contribution To describe the characteristics and perceived effectiveness of clinical supervision mental health nurses are receiving and further explore any statistical correlations between the perceived effectiveness and satisfaction with the supervisee, supervisor and supervision characteristics.A cross‐sectional survey.An online survey was distributed to nurses working in public mental health services in Victoria, Australia. A universal recruitment approach was used, and 422 nurses participated in the survey. Of these, 220 nurses who are participating in clinical supervision were eligible for the MCSS‐26 survey.A licensed MCSS‐26 questionnaire.Mental health nurses in the studied environment were likely to receive individual supervision from a senior mental health nurse, with the most common frequency being monthly for 31–60 min, and half receiving it within their workplace location. Half of the participants chose their own supervisor. Our findings indicate that nurses who engage in clinical supervision outside of their immediate workplace and receive individual supervision from a nurse of the same grade perceive higher effectiveness. We also found that clinical nurses may find it most difficult to engage in effective clinical supervision due to time constraints.This study uniquely contributes to the current clinical supervision literature by reporting the uptake and detailed characteristics of supervision, a facet often overlooked in existing research.This study reported the characteristics of the supervision, supervisor and the supervisee that are associated with the effective clinical supervision. These insights can lead to tailored implementation strategies that consider the specific roles and settings of nurses.CROSS (Sharma et al. 2021).No patient or public contribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes the implementation and evaluation of RADAR (Response Awareness, De-Escalation, and Referral), a hybrid CIT/co-response program for people with behavioral health issues (PBHI). RADAR emphasized information sharing between police, PBHI, and behavioral health professionals and targeted outreach to PBHI by a police officer and clinician working in partnership. We evaluated RADAR using a quasi-experimental analysis of calls for service and incident data, an officer survey, and interviews with key personnel. While RADAR did not significantly reduce calls, incidents, or physical contact and resistance relative to a comparison jurisdiction, the survey and interviews suggest that it did help to shift the department’s culture and organizational perceptions around collaborative responses to PBHI. The practical implications of our findings for police agencies seeking to implement co-responder programs include the need to focus on sustainability; relationship building between the police, PBHI, and clinicians; and technological solutions to improve data collection and evaluation efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The implementation of fall prevention interventions in homecare services is crucial for reducing falls among older adults and effective leadership could determine success. Norwegian homecare services provide home nursing, rehabilitation, and practical assistance, to residents living in private homes or assisted living facilities. This study aims to explore how managers in Norwegian homecare services experience implementation of fall prevention interventions and how they perceive their roles. Methods: We conducted 14 semi-structured individual interviews with managers from different levels of homecare services in five city districts. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and reflexive thematic analysis was used to analyze the material. Results: The analysis resulted in three main themes: (1) understanding organizational mechanisms to facilitate new practices, (2) practicing positive leadership behavior to facilitate implementation, and (3) demonstrating persistence to sustain implementation. Our results showed the importance of clear leadership across all levels of the organization and the value of devoting time and utilizing existing systems. Managers described using recognition and positive attitudes to motivate employees in the implementation process. They emphasized listening to and involving employees, providing trust, and being flexible. However, the implementation process could be challenging, highlighting the need for managers to be persistent. Conclusion: Managers at all levels play an important role in the implementation of fall prevention, but there is a need to define and align their specific roles in the process. Understanding how to use existing systems and influence through positive leadership behavior seem to be vital for success. Recognizing the demanding nature of implementation, managers emphasized the importance of systems for long term support. The study findings may influence how managers in clinical practice engage in the implementation process and inform future researchers about managers' roles in implementation in homecare services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Upwards of ninety percent of individuals living with depression in India do not have access to evidence-based treatments, especially in rural areas. Integrating these treatments into primary care is essential for bridging this care gap. This trial aims to evaluate whether a remote coaching implementation support strategy, referred to as Enhanced Implementation Support, is superior to routine support, referred to as Routine Implementation Support, in supporting the delivery of collaborative depression care in rural primary care centers. Methods: Employing a cluster-randomized hybrid type-III implementation trial design, 14 primary care facilities in Sehore district, Madhya Pradesh, will implement a collaborative depression care package based on the WHO’s mhGAP program. Facilities will be randomized to either Enhanced Implementation Support or the Routine Implementation Support control condition. Enhanced Implementation Support consists of remote coaching and technical assistance, supplemented with in-person visits, and guided by the Plan-Do-Study-Act implementation cycles. The primary implementation outcome is the proportion of outpatients screened for depression by facility staff, with secondary outcomes including the proportions of outpatients who screen positive for depression, are referred to the medical officer, and initiate treatment. Secondary patient outcomes include proportion of patients who achieve reduction in depression symptom severity at 3-month follow up. Acceptability, feasibility, and fidelity of the depression care package will be assessed through routine observations collected during field visits, facility audits, and qualitative exit interviews with facility staff. Costs of delivering the Enhanced Implementation Support strategy will also be estimated. Discussion: This trial can inform efforts to integrate depression care in rural primary care facilities in a low-resource setting, and illuminate whether external coaching support is superior relative to existing implementation support for achieving these goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractObjectives: This review aimed to map and synthesize existing literature on sex and reproductive education policy implementation in primary and secondary schools in Asia and Africa. Methods: Database searches yielded 24 relevant articles, which underwent thematic analysis. Results: Most studies were conducted in Africa and looked at barriers to implementation. Studies assessing implementation showed it was incomprehensive. Barriers were: policy/curriculum issues, societal opinions, teaching discomfort, lack of educator training, and lack of sufficient economical support. Conclusions: Based on the limited evidence, a cultural shift to reduce stigma seems necessary, alongside teacher and student involvement in policy formulation and implementation monitoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Breastfeeding is a powerful public health intervention that produces long-term health benefits. However, in high-income countries such as Denmark, breastfeeding rates are suboptimal and unequally distributed across socio-economic positions. The 'Breastfeeding – a good start together' intervention, to promote longer duration of exclusive breastfeeding and reduce social inequity, was implemented in a cluster-randomised trial during 2022–2023 across 21 municipalities in two Danish regions. A process evaluation was conducted to assess the implementation, mechanisms of impact, and possible contextual factors affecting the intervention. Methods: The study was guided by the Medical Research Council's guidance for conducting process evaluations and employed a mixed-methods approach in a convergence design. Quantitative data: contextual mapping survey (n = 20), health visitor survey (n = 284), health visitor records from 20 clusters and intervention website statistics. Qualitative data: dialogue meetings (n = 7), focus groups (n = 3) and interviews (n = 8). Results: Overall, the intervention was delivered as planned to intended recipients, with few exceptions. Health visitors responded positively to the intervention, noting that it fitted well within their usual practice and enhanced families' chances of breastfeeding. Mothers expressed having received the intervention with few exceptions, and reacted positively to the intervention. Although health visitors were concerned about the potential stigmatisation of mothers receiving the intensified intervention, none of the interviewed mothers felt stigmatised. Contextual factors impacting the intervention implementation and mechanisms included staff and management turnover, project infrastructure and mothers' context, such as resources, social networks and previous experiences. The overall fidelity of the intervention delivery was high. Conclusions: Health visitors and families responded well to the intervention. Interventions aimed at enabling health care providers to deliver simplified and structured breastfeeding support, in alignment with support provided in other sectors of the health care system, may increase breastfeeding rates and reduce social inequity in breastfeeding, even in international contexts. Trial registration: Clinical Trials: NCT05311631. First posted April 5, 2022. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, we implemented a novel nurse-led symptom monitoring and virtual telehealth program for patients with advanced cancer on palliative care. Aims: To evaluate the reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, maintenance and acceptability of our program. Methods: This was a prospective study carried out in a cohort of patients with advanced cancer over the period of 3rd June 2020 to 22nd October 2021. Demographic characteristics, cancer diagnosis, and functional status of patients were collected upon recruitment. Patients were asked to complete a patient-reported outcome measure (the Integrated Palliative Care Outcome Scale, IPOS) prior to the first palliative care consult and subsequently every week for the duration of their participation in the program (12 weeks). The IPOS measures the severity of physical symptoms, emotional concerns, information, and financial needs. Participants' utilization of healthcare services by participants 3 months before, during and 3 months after the telemedicine program was reviewed. At the end of the program, a client satisfaction questionnaire (CSQ-4) to survey participants' experience with the telehealth program and their willingness to pay for this program was administered. Results: Reach: The recruitment to adoption ratio of the program was 0.71. Acceptability:: Participants expressed satisfactory experience. Effectiveness: We noted that the severity of patients' symptoms and number of emergency department visits decreased over time with nurse support. Adoption: we received referrals from 23 oncologists, yielding an adoption rate of 70%. Implementation: Of the 99 patients recruited for the program, 88.9% of them managed to complete their initial video consults as planned. 16% of them failed to complete the program due to factors such as patient demising. Maintenance: The declining rate of IPOS completion throughout the study period (98.9% at week 1 to 60.8% at week 12) demonstrated the difficulties in sustaining regular administration of self-reported patient outcome measures. Conclusion: The telemedicine program was effective and acceptable. We noted challenges in sustaining the administration of patient reported outcome measures over time. Further studies on how we can improve the sustainability of symptom monitoring in a telehealth program for patients with advanced illnesses, under palliative care, should be conducted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: There is broad scientific evidence for the effectiveness of individual trauma-focused evidence-based treatments (EBTs) such as "trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy" (TF-CBT) for children and adolescents with posttraumatic stress symptoms. However, there is a significant research-to-practice gap resulting in traumatized children in high-income countries in Europe having only very limited access to these treatments. The aim of this study was, therefore, to identify common barriers and successful dissemination and implementation (D&I) strategies of evidence-based trauma-focused treatments (in particular TF-CBT) in seven European countries. Methods: For this study, we chose a mixed-method approach: an online survey among certified European TF-CBT trainers (N = 22) and the collection of country-based narratives from TF-CBT experts in different European countries (Finland, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Sweden). Results: Common modifiable barriers to the implementation of TF-CBT were identified on different levels (e.g. government or treatment level), and successful D&I strategies were highlighted across all countries, such as translations of materials. Additionally, the experts from the country narratives put together a broad overview of TF-CBT research in Europe. Conclusions: The results of this study revealed that especially learning collaborations and the development of joint European efforts in funding and researching D&I strategies are crucial for future implementation of trauma-focused EBTs in Europe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Intermediate care (IC) services bridge the transition for older patients from the hospital to the home. Despite the goal of involving individuals in their recovery process, these services often become standardised, leading to communication breakdowns. While evidence-based practices, such as the Four Habits Model (4HM), for effective communication are crucial for enhancing high-quality healthcare, research suggests their integration into routine practice remains limited. In this study, we aimed to investigate the implementation process of the 4HM through a two-day course that engaged healthcare professionals and managers in IC. Methods: We conducted a process evaluation employing qualitative and quantitative methods: (i) individual interviews with three managers and two course participants pre-course, (ii) two focus group interviews with course participants (N = 11) and individual interviews with the same three managers post-course, and (iii) the NoMAD questionnaire (Normalisation MeAsure Development) administered four months later to assess the short- and long-term impact on course participants (N = 14). Reflexive thematic analyses were guided by Normalisation Process Theory (NPT), which offers insight into how new interventions become routine practices. The analysis of the NoMAD involved descriptive statistics. Results: We identified four themes in the qualitative data: (i) Decoding Interactions: Making Sense of the 4HM in IC services, (ii) Fostering Change: Legitimising 4HM Through Staff Engagement, (iii) Harmonising Practice: Integrating 4HM into Complex Situations, and (iv) Embedding Value: Normalising the 4HM into Everyday Work. These themes illustrate the normalisation process of the 4HM course within IC, establishing standard practices. Healthcare professionals and managers highlighted the urgent need to integrate communication skills based on the 4HM into daily care. They noted positive changes in their communication habits following the course. The consistent findings from the NoMAD questionnaire underscore the sustainability of implementing the 4HM programme, as participants continue to utilise it in their clinical practice beyond the initial four-month period. Conclusion: The 4HM course programme was deemed feasible for expansion within IC services. Both managers and staff found its focus on addressing communication breakdowns and readiness for change sensible. The study findings may benefit the stakeholders involved in IC service routines, potentially improving services for older patients and relatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Aim Design Methods Results Conclusion Implications Impact Patient or Public Contribution To implement strategies to improve the care of patients with acute pain in the emergency department (ED).Pre–post implementation study using a Type 2 hybrid effectiveness–implementation design.Implementation strategies were introduced and monitored through the Ottawa Model of Research Uses' assessment, monitoring and evaluation cycles, supported by focused and sustained facilitation.Improvements in time‐to‐analgesia within 30 min (21%–27%), administration of nurse‐initiated analgesia (NIA) (17%–27%) and measurement of pain (65%–75%) were achieved post‐implementation. NIA was the strongest predictor of receiving analgesia within 30 min. Adoption of pain interventions into practice was not immediate yet responded to sustained facilitation of implementation strategies.Collaboration with local clinicians to introduce simple interventions that did not disrupt workflow or substantially add to workload were effective in improving analgesia administration rates, and the proportion of patients receiving analgesia within 30 min. The assessment, monitoring and evaluation cycles enabled agile and responsive facilitation of implementation activities within the dynamic ED environment. Improvements took time to embed into practice, trending upward over the course of the implementation period, supporting the sustained facilitation approach throughout the study.Sustained adoption of evidence‐based pain interventions into the care of people presenting to the ED with acute pain can be achieved through sustained facilitation of implementation. NIA should be at the centre of acute pain management in the ED.This study addressed the lingering gap between evidence and practice for patients with acute pain in the ED. Implementation of locally relevant/informed implementation strategies supported by focused and sustained facilitation improved the care of patients with acute pain in the ED. This research will have an impact on people presenting to EDs with acute pain, and on clinicians treating people with acute pain in the ED. Relevant equator guidelines were followed and the StaRI reporting method used.No Patient or Public Contribution in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT In April and May 2020, the United States banking industry approved over $650 billion in federal relief funds as part of the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP). Since then, extensive evidence of discriminatory lending has been revealed by investigative journalism and academic studies. Our study is based on 41 interviews with frontline banking professionals conducted during the days and weeks of the PPP rollout. We find that under the crisis conditions of the pandemic, capped funds in the PPP and built‐in incentives that encouraged certain types of loans, banking employees relied upon the professional norms and logic of the for‐profit sector. We argue that these norms and logics threatened the integrity of the PPP as a public relief programme by applying profit‐oriented priorities to resources marked for universal and fair distribution. Our findings offer new directions for theorising sector‐level differences in street‐level bureaucratic discretion in the context of mixed‐sector collaboration on public service delivery, particularly under conditions of crisis and urgency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change (ERIC) project identified 73 strategies for supporting the implementation of a novel intervention and evidence-informed practices. In this paper, we explore convenings, which engage stakeholders in proactive dialogues, as a mechanism to deliver multiple strategies that support sites adapting and implementing evidence-informed bundled interventions for Black women with HIV. Methods: We use an instrumental case study design to explore strategies embedded in biannual convenings hosted by the Black Women First Initiative (BWF) Evaluation and Technical Assistance Provider (ETAP). Data sources including planning documents, direct observation of the convenings and analysis of convening attendee feedback surveys were analyzed. Results: Using instrumental case study design, we found that convenings were a helpful tool that allowed for cross-site communication and collaboration. Communal re-examination of implementation strategies, coupled with training and network-weaving, created a rich learning environment to identify potential intervention adaptations and changes, unify on data collection, and prepare to test these adaptations at each respective site. Conclusions: We discuss lessons learned when using convenings to help health care and community-based settings collectively explore and address adaptation and implementation barriers as they implement evidence-informed interventions to improve health outcomes for populations affected by chronic conditions, such as HIV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BIM is being strongly implemented in design companies. General contractors are using it during investment projects, and boards are using it for the maintenance and operation of buildings or infrastructure. Without the so-called BIM mandate (mandatory in public procurement), this is hard to imagine, even though it has already been implemented in many countries. In Poland, work in this direction is still being carried out. Due to the high complexity of investment and construction processes, the multiplicity of stakeholder groups, and conflicting interests, work on BIM adoption at the national level is hampered. The paper conducts an in-depth literature review of BIM implementation in Poland and presents a critical analysis of the current state of work. As a result of the literature research, proposals for changes in the processes of implementing the BIM mandate in Poland were formulated. This paper presents an excerpt from a potential BIM strategy and the necessary steps on the road to making BIM use mandatory. The results of the study indicate strong grassroots activity conducted by NGOs, which, independent of government actions, lead to measurable results. The authors propose that these activities must be coordinated by a single leading entity at the government level. The study could influence decisions made in other countries in the region or with similar levels of BIM adoption. BIM is the basis of the idea of the digital twin, and its implementation is necessary to achieve the goals of the doctrine of sustainable development and circular economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Restrictive practice use in residential aged care homes internationally is unacceptably high. Although policies and legislation mandate the reduction or elimination of restrictive practices, there remains a gap in knowledge regarding strategies that have been effective in achieving a sustained reduction in restraint use. There is an urgent need to identify effective and feasible interventions that aged care staff can implement in everyday practice to reduce restraint use. Safewards is an evidence‐based programme that has demonstrated effectiveness in reducing conflict and restrictive practice use in inpatient psychiatric settings and has the potential to address the issue of restraint use in aged care homes. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of Safewards in reducing restrictive practices in residential aged care homes. Methods: This pilot and feasibility study will adopt a mixed methods process and outcomes evaluation. Safewards will be implemented in two Australian residential aged care homes. The Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation and Maintenance framework will be used to evaluate implementation outcomes. Additionally, the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research will be used to guide qualitative data collection (including semi‐structured interviews with residents/family members, aged care leaders and staff) and explain the facilitators and barriers to effective implementation. Conclusion: This study will provide pilot evidence on the feasibility of the Safewards programme in residential aged care homes. Understanding the processes and adaptations for implementing and evaluating Safewards in residential aged care will inform a future trial in aged care to assess its effectiveness. More broadly, the findings will support the implementation of an international aged care policy of reducing restrictive practices in residential aged care. Patient or Public Contribution: A person with lived experience of caring for someone with dementia is employed as a Safewards facilitator and is a member of the steering committee. Residents and family members will be invited to participate in the project steering committee and provide feedback on their experience of Safewards. Trial Registration: ACTRN12624000044527. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]