100 results on '"ijarah"'
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52. IMPLEMENTASI IJĀRAH DAN IMBT PADA BANK BRI SYARIAH CABANG YOGYAKARTA
- Author
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Mila Sartika and Hendri Hermawan Adinugraha
- Subjects
ijārah ,ijārah muntahiyah bi al-tamlīk ,Islam ,BP1-253 ,Economics as a science ,HB71-74 - Abstract
The development of Islamic banking is relatively significant modifications to the current demands of product variants resulted in raising funds and financing at Islamic banking. The concept of ijārah and ijārah muntahiyah bi al-tamlīk (IMBT) both are one example of financial products and services in Islamic banking. By the mindless, this paper aims to describe the concept of ijārah and IMBT on Islamic banking and explained at the level of practice and compliance with the law analyze normative (al-Qur’an, Hadith, and the MUI Fatwa/DSN) and positive law (the Compilation of Sharia Economic Law which issued by the Supreme Court). This research uses a field of research that is descriptive analytical study then combined with the library to produce a comprehensive description of the ijārah and IMBT. Data analysis techniques starting from the identification of problems, data collection, solve problems which eventually led to the solution in the form of a conclusion. From the findings it can be concluded that the implementation of ijārah and IMBT as financing products at Bank BRI Syariah Cabang Yogyakarta is done by the bank to buy what is desired by the customer (such as home and vehicle), then rent it to their bank, at the end of the contract/agreement the bank gives them the option, to have the leased goods bought by way of BRI Sharia (IMBT), or by handing it back to BRI sharia (ijārah). In practice, the operational foundation based on the Sharia Board of the National Fatwa No. 09/DSNMUI/IV2003 the Compilation Economics and Shariah Law Chapter XI of ijārah and IMBT.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
53. Taxation of Islamic banking transactions
- Author
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Rusell Geronimo
- Subjects
Islamic banking ,murabahah ,tawarruq ,ijarah ,istisna ,salam ,Law ,Law of Europe ,KJ-KKZ - Abstract
The paper examines the juridical character of eight common Islamic banking transactions: murabahah, tawarruq, ijarah, istisna, salam, musharakah or mudaraba, sukuk, and takaful. It then compares each Islamic banking product with an equivalent conventional banking product, examines their differences in terms of transaction design, and shows whether these contractual differences result in differential tax treatment.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
54. Sukuk Issuance in Malaysia: Lessons for Pakistan
- Author
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Sumaira Ghafoor, Irum Saba, and Rehana Kouser
- Subjects
Sukuk ,Malaysia ,Murabaha ,Ijarah ,Mudarabah ,Finance ,HG1-9999 - Abstract
Pakistan need to enhance the liquidity management framework for its growing Islamic finance industry. Sukuk is a best Shariah-compliant debt instrument for short term liquidity needs since Sukuk is highly tradable instrument with low level of market risk. In view of that, there is an increasing trend in the global issuances of corporate and sovereign Sukuk. Therefore, this case study aims to explore the issuance of Sukuk in Malaysia as an example. Malaysia is dominating the Sukuk Market and has been issuing Sukuk since 1990. The underlying structure of the proposed Sukuk model for Pakistan is Istisna that is an Islamic project bond. Pakistan has the potential to replicate the Sukuk model of Malaysia. However, it is required to have an active secondary trading market in order to develop an effective and dynamic Sukuk market.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
55. PENGARUH PEMBIAYAAN MURABAHAH, MUDHARABAH, IJARAH DAN RASIO NON PERFORMING FINANCING TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS PT BANK BRI SYARIAH TBK
- Author
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Suryadi, Nanda
- Subjects
Rasio Non Performing Financing ,Profitabilitas ,Pembiayaan Murabaha ,Ijarah ,Mudharabah - Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dan menganalisis profitabilitas PT. Bank BRI Syariah Tbk. Adapun beberapa faktor yang dianalisis dalam mempengaruhi profitabilitas adalah pembiayaan murabahah, mudharabah, ijarah, dan rasio non performing financing. Metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis regresi linier berganda, data diperoleh berdasarkan data triwulan yang terdapat di laporan keuangan Bank BRI Syariah dari bulan Januari 2014 sampai dengan Desember 2020. Instrumen pengumpulan data yang digunakan bersumber dari laporan keuangan Bank BRI Syariah. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa pembiayaan mudharabah dan rasio non performing financing secara parsial berpengaruh signifikan terhadap profitabilitas, sedangkan pembiayaan murabahah dan pembiayaan ijarah secara parsial tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap profitabilitas. Hasil pengujian secara simultan pembiayaan murabahah, pembiayaan mudharabah, pembiayaan ijarah dan rasio non performing financing memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap profitabilitas. Dari hasil uji koefisien determinasi dapat diketahui bahwa nilai R Square sebesar 0,396 atau 39,6%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan variabel independen dalam penelitian ini untuk menerangkan variabel dependen ialah sebesar 39,6% dan sisanya 60,4% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lainya.
- Published
- 2022
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56. PERBANDINGAN KARTU KREDIT DAN KARTU KREDIT BERBASIS SYARIAH DI INDONESIA
- Author
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Zainul Arifin Yusuf
- Subjects
credit card ,credit card sharia ,interest ,ijarah ,Islam. Bahai Faith. Theosophy, etc. ,BP1-610 ,Social Sciences ,Economic theory. Demography ,HB1-3840 ,Economics as a science ,HB71-74 - Abstract
Apparently, even causing the pros and contra, the business of credit cards tempts most perpetrators of Islamic banks to makesharias’credit card. Sharia based credit cards have a number of differences than the conventional credit card. One of them is the basic law that refers to the Banking Law, as well as to the Islamic banking law, and the National Fatwa Council of Sharia. In addition, Islamic credit cards are credit cards that implement the wage system (ujrah). In the transaction, Islamic credit card users free of interest and penalties. Penalties only apply to customers who are in default, and the fine is not used as revenue for the bank, but it is distributed to the social fund
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
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57. An Overview of Islamic Law on Accommodation Leasing in Nglanjaran Hamlet, Sardonoharjo Village, Ngaglik Sub District, Sleman Regency.
- Author
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Syibly, M. Roem and Arisman, Dani
- Subjects
ISLAMIC law ,RENTAL housing ,FOREST landowners ,VILLAGES ,NEGOTIATION - Abstract
Copyright of Millah: Jurnal Studi Agama is the property of Millah: Jurnal Studi Agama and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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58. Revenue Farming Reconsidered: Tenurial Rights and Tenurial Duties in Early Modern India, ca. 1556-1818.
- Author
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Sheth, Sudev
- Subjects
- *
LAND tenure , *BUREAUCRACY , *TAX farming , *ADMINISTRATIVE law - Abstract
The meaning of land revenue farming in Indian history has eluded consensus. Some view it as an administrative aberration indicating weak state control, while others see it as a strategy for consolidating authority. This essay traces the historical development of iqṭāʻ and ijārah, two Perso-Arabic terms frequently translated from the sources as ‘revenue farming estate’. I then suggest that existing perspectives do not capture the broader structure and significance of various entitlements to land revenue. Instead, I suggest that entitlements be schematized according to how regularized the right was, whether it was permanent, and how duty-bound the right holder was. In this formulation, revenue farm refers to a complex of rights and duties secured by contract in which a sovereign transferred the temporary exploitation of a holding for rent in advance. It was one of four tenurial complexes under which entitlements fell, the others being estates from bureaucratic assignment, hereditary occupation or possession by grant/gift, and tributary or chieftaincy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
59. 'PENGARUH PEMBIAYAAN MURABAHAH, MUSYARAKAH, MUDHARABAH, IJARAH, DAN TABUNGAN WADIAH TERHADAP PROFITABISLITAS BANK UMUM SYARIAH DI INDONESIA PERIODE 2015-2020'
- Author
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Millenia Putri, Dinda Arynomi, Abdi, Fathuddin, and Orinaldi, Mohammad
- Subjects
mudharabah ,wadiah ,musyarakah ,ijarah ,Profitability ,murabahah - Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tabungan pada Bank Umum Syariah (BUS) terhadap profitabilitas BUS antara tahun 2015 dan 2020. Variabel terikat adalah profitabilitas. Informasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah informasi sekunder berupa laporan tahunan BUS yang terdaftar di Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) periode 2015-2020. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif bersamaan dengan penelitian kuantitatif. Prosedur analisis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi panel yang diolah menggunakan e-views 8. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa meskipun pembiayaan murabahah tidak mempengaruhi profitabilitas BUS Indonesia, pembiayaan mudharabah memang mempengaruhi profitabilitas BUS Indonesia. Musyarakah mempengaruhi Profitabilitas BUS di Indonesia, Ijarah Mempengaruhi Profitabilitas BUS di Indonesia dan Tabungan Wadiah Mempengaruhi Profitabilitas BUS di Indonesia dan Tabungan Murabahah, Mudharabah, Musyarakah, Ijarah dan Wadiah secara bersamaan tidak mempengaruhi profitabilitas atau secara bersama-sama mempengaruhi profitabilitas BUS di Indonesia., Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tabungan pada Bank Umum Syariah (BUS) terhadap profitabilitas BUS antara tahun 2015 dan 2020. variabel terikat adalah profitabilitas. Informasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah informasi sekunder berupa laporan tahunan BUS yang terdaftar di Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) periode 2015-2020. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif bersamaan dengan penelitian kuantitatif. Prosedur analisis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi panel yang diolah menggunakan E view 8. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa meskipun pembiayaan murabahah tidak mempengaruhi profitabilitas BUS Indonesia, pembiayaan mudharabah memang mempengaruhi profitabilitas BUS Indonesia. , Musyarakah mempengaruhi Profitabilitas BUS di Indonesia, Ijarah Mempengaruhi Profitabilitas BUS di Indonesia dan Tabungan Wadiah Mempengaruhi Profitabilitas BUS di Indonesia dan Tabungan Murabahah, Mudharabah, Musyarakah, Ijarah dan Wadiah secara bersamaan tidak mempengaruhi profitabilitas Atau secara bersama-sama mempengaruhi profitabilitas BUS di Indonesia.ABSTRACTPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tabungan pada Bank Umum Syariah (BUS) terhadap profitabilitas BUS antara tahun 2015 dan 2020. variabel terikat adalah profitabilitas. Informasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah informasi sekunder berupa laporan tahunan BUS yang terdaftar di Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) periode 2015-2020. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif bersamaan dengan penelitian kuantitatif. Prosedur analisis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi panel yang diolah menggunakan E view 8. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa meskipun pembiayaan murabahah tidak mempengaruhi profitabilitas BUS Indonesia, pembiayaan mudharabah memang mempengaruhi profitabilitas BUS Indonesia. , Musyarakah mempengaruhi Profitabilitas BUS di Indonesia, Ijarah Mempengaruhi Profitabilitas BUS di Indonesia dan Tabungan Wadiah Mempengaruhi Profitabilitas BUS di Indonesia dan Tabungan Murabahah, Mudharabah, Musyarakah, Ijarah dan Wadiah secara bersamaan tidak mempengaruhi profitabilitas Atau secara bersama-sama mempengaruhi profitabilitas BUS di Indonesia. Keywords: Profitabilitas, pembiayaan murabahah, musyarakah, mudharabah, ijarah, dan tabungan wadiah. Keywords: Profitabilitas, pembiayaan murabahah, musyarakah, mudharabah, ijarah, dan tabungan wadiah.
- Published
- 2022
60. Opportunities and Challenges of Retail Sovereign Sukuk Issuance: Lessons from Twelve Years’ Experience
- Author
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Masruri Muchtar
- Subjects
Government ,business.industry ,ijarah ,Accounting ,Sukuk ,Nominal yield ,Investment (macroeconomics) ,sukuk ,Product (business) ,underlying asset ,Economics as a science ,beneficial ownership ,Business ,return ,SWOT analysis ,HB71-74 ,Special purpose entity ,Separate legal entity - Abstract
Retail sukuk is a sharia product offered to Indonesian citizens as a safe and profitable investment instrument. This study identified the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats that the government may face in offering retail sovereign sukuk. It aimed to provide the government the appropriate strategies based on the historical data of listed retail sukuk and its peripherals during 2009-2020. This paper used a qualitative research approach. The data collection techniques used were literature review and in-depth interview. Internal and external factors were identified. SWOT matrix was made prior to analysis. The results show that the coupon rate offered by retail sovereign sukuk is mostly higher than BI rate. Market expansion is needed. The government shall optimize all distribution partners. Newly innovated products should be developed. Certain criteria should be formulated to determine coupon rate. This research suggests that an independent Special Purpose Vehicle should be reconstructed as a separate entity.JEL Classification: E62, G23, G28, H63How to Cite:Muchtar, M. (2021). Opportunities and Challenges of Retail Sovereign Sukuk Issuance: Lessons from Twelve Years’ Experience. Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, 10(2), 259-274. https://doi.org/10.15408/sjie.v10i2.20093.
- Published
- 2021
61. Sukuk investment : Comparison of the profits obtained by using Ijarah and Musharakah Mutanaqisah principles with long‐term tenure
- Author
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Jamilah Abdul Jalil, Mariam, Abdul Rahman, Zuriah, and Professor. Masood, Omar
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
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62. A REALISTIC APPROACH TO THE CONCEPT OF IJĀRAH (LEASING) IN THE SHARĪ'AH AND ITS POSSIBLE ROLE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURAL SECTOR IN PAKISTAN (DEVELOPMENT OF IJĀRAH BASED MODEL FOR FINANCING AGRICULTURE).
- Author
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SAQIB, LUTFULLAH and ZAFAR, MUEEN AIZAZ
- Subjects
AGRICULTURE ,FARMERS ,ISLAMIC finance ,AGRICULTURAL economics ,ECONOMICS - Abstract
The role of farmers is indispensable for the accomplishment of various human needs. Among these, food is the most significant and crucial one for the survival of human society. But instead of this great importance, farming community always faces financial problems to fulfil their agricultural requirements, both for crop and non-crop activities. The Pakistani farmers face harsh economic realities. Avoiding interest at all costs, as advised in Islam, they do not want to secure any such financing facility whether formal or informal. Being a complete code of life, Islam suggests alternate ways through the application of various modes of Islamic finance. Among these Ijdrah (leasing) is one. The present work discusses the theoretical background of this mode, made available in the scholarly contribution of classical and contemporary Muslim jurists, followed by a viable model proposed for the provision of financing to the lower and middle class farmers. The empirical results make obvious that Ijdrah can be effectively used for the development of agricultural sector, particularly its sub-sector of local farming that exists in rural areas of the Country. However, the basic principles, rules and regulations of the transaction, envisaged by Islamic finance, need to be adhered to in order to achieve the intended and anticipated objectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
63. PEMBERDAYAAN PEREMPUAN MELALUI KEGIATAN EKONOMI BERKEADILAN (SIMPAN PINJAM SYARIAH PEREMPUAN)
- Author
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Siti Hasanah
- Subjects
millenium development goals ,partnership murabahah ,salam ,istishna' ,mudharabah ,musyarakah ,muzara’ah ,ijarah ,qard al-hasan ,The family. Marriage. Woman ,HQ1-2044 - Abstract
Pemberdayaan perempuan dalam bidang simpan pinjam memiliki potensi untuk untuk mengatasi kemiskinan yang dihadapi kaum perempuan dan keluarganya dalam rangka meningkatkan penghasilan perempuan dengan melakukan pemberdayaan dalam bidang ekonomi. Seperti: bantuan modal usaha, bantuan simpan pinjam, membuat koperasi, dan lain sebagainya. Kegiatan simpan pinjam perempuan ini sejalan dengan salah satu prioritas pembangunan yang harus dicapai pada Tahun 2015 dalam Millenium Development Goals (MDG’s) yaitu mendorong kesetaraan gender dan pemberdayaan perempuan. Potensi organisasi perempuan dapat diberdayakan untuk mengelola simpan pinajm dengan menarapkan sistem yang bebas bunga karena bunga (interest) dilarang al-Qur’an. Solusi yang ditawarkan adalah bunga yang selama ini telah menjadi sumber pendapatan organisasi perempuan dapat digantikan dengan menerapkan: pertama; akad jual beli yaitu dengan akad murabahah, salam dan istishna’, kedua: akad partnership yaitu berupa akad mudharabah, musyarakah dan muzara’ah dan ketiga akad ijarah atau sewa menyewa. Ketiga akad ini dengan tujuan komersil atau sebagai sumber pendapatan profit organisasi akan tetapi akad dengan tujuan tolong menolong dapat menerapkan qard al-hasan.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
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64. An Exploratory Study On The Possibility Of Replacing Tawarruq Based Islamic Banking Products Using Other Alternatives
- Author
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Ahmed Mohamud Usman, Aishath Muneeza, Zaki Ahmad, Zakariya Mustapha, and Faathih Zahir
- Subjects
050208 finance ,business.industry ,05 social sciences ,Exploratory research ,Accounting ,Islam ,06 humanities and the arts ,Islamic Finance ,Salam ,0603 philosophy, ethics and religion ,Outcome (game theory) ,Ijarah ,Islamic finance ,Tawarruq ,0502 economics and business ,060301 applied ethics ,Business ,Alternatives to Tawarruq ,Islamic banking - Abstract
Tawarruq which is also known as commodity Murabahah in Islamic banking is widely practiced in Malaysia to structure different types of Islamic banking products. The widespread use of tawarruq has made Islamic banks to be re-named as “tawarruq banks” and some even call tawarruq as the “magic lamp” of the industry. Shariah scholars have criticised this frequent usage of tawarruq in Islamic banking industry of Malaysia, while the practitioners have replied by saying that if tawarruq is a shariah approved concept, then what is wrong with the usage of it? However, from the shariah perspective, the issue here is not about the shariah compliance of tawarruq transactions per se. It is about the shariah limitations imposed by the scholars on the use of it. This simply means that there is a reservation made by shariah scholars in allowing the usage of tawarruq contract in Islamic finance as tawarruq is a contract allowed to be used when one has to choose between a conventional loan and tawarruq. The purpose of this research is thus to show the alternative Islamic commercial contracts that could be used to structure Islamic banking products that have been structured in the market using tawarruq. It is anticipated that the outcome of this research will assist Islamic banking industry to understand why and how they can move away from tawarruq.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
65. Penilaian Konsep Qard dan Ijarah dalam Dana Talangan Haji Indonesia: Suatu Keterangan Konseptual
- Author
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Dedy Rachmad
- Subjects
qard ,ijarah ,dana talangan haji indonesia ,Islamic law ,KBP1-4860 ,Business ,HF5001-6182 - Abstract
Perbankan syariah adalah institusi yang memberikan layanan kepada masyarakat baik melalui penghimpunan dana (pelaburan), penyaluran dana (pembiayaan) dan jasa layanan perbankan lainnya yang berdasarkan syariat Islam. Dalam menyalurkan dana, produk yang ditawarkan adalah akad dengan skim qard dan ijarah. Makalah ini bertumpu kepada akad qard dan ijarah yang dijalankan oleh institusi perbankan syariah di Indonesia dalam dana talangan haji. Dana talangan haji ini bersumber dari fatwa Dewan Syariah Nasional (DSN) Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) No. 29/DSN-MUI/VI/2002 yang didasarkan kepada al-Quran. Fatwa tersebut menuai perbedaan pendapat dari banyak ulama sekarang. Hasil kajian dijangka dapat menghasilkan kerangka konseptual berkaitan kesesuaian antara akad qardh dan ijarah yang difatwakan oleh DSN MUI dengan pendapat para ulama baik ulama klasik maupun ulama kontemporer.
- Published
- 2012
66. Konsep, Teori dan Praktik Obligasi Syariah
- Author
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Muhammad Fadlilah Fauzulhaq
- Subjects
sharia bond ,mudharabah ,ijarah ,musyarakah ,Islam. Bahai Faith. Theosophy, etc. ,BP1-610 ,Social Sciences ,Economic theory. Demography ,HB1-3840 ,Economics as a science ,HB71-74 - Abstract
One of the growing sharia finance instruments is sharia bond. Sharia bond is securities or certificate that contains the contract between funders (investors) with a given fund (the issuer). Sharia bond is supported by the Sharia Securities Act (SBSN) on April 9, 2008, so it can grow a new optimism for national Islamic banking and finance industry. SBSN Act paved the way for the issuance of sharia government and private bonds, in practice of Islamic bonds may use multiple inclusion models in the form of mudharabah, ijarah, and musyarakahDOI: 10.15408/aiq.v5i2.2124
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
67. AWARENESS OF ISLAMIC BANKING IN THE SOCIETY: A CASE STUDY OF HYDERABAD.
- Author
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Shaikh, Maria Aijaz, Shah, Aisha Bashir, and Bhaghal, Ghazala Umer
- Subjects
ISLAMIC finance ,FINANCIAL services industry - Abstract
The concept of Islamic banking is not new but the field of Islamic banking has not grown as fast as other financial service providers of Pakistan. This is because of lack of understanding of terms and operations of Islamic banks. Therefore this study has revealed the understanding and awareness of people of Hyderabad regarding Islamic banking, its operations, and products. This research is found very crucial keeping in view the importance and competition that prevails in the financial sector of Pakistan. Islamic banking is one of the important pillars of financial sector of Pakistan which is growing side by side and competing with conventional banks, insurance companies and mutual funds. The findings of this study are very much helpful to enhance the awareness and understanding of people regarding interest free products and services offered by Islamic banks. This research has been proved beneficial to the key officials of Islamic banks to improve their planning and understanding the need of advertisements and promotional campaigns about their products and services. The sample of this study is based on 120 people, which includes Business class, salaried class, and the key officials working in different banks operating in Hyderabad. The findings of this research suggests that the growth and development of Islamic banking industry is hugely dependent on awareness and understanding among the people, further in this study it has been identified that the slow growth in Islamic banking industry is due to lack information regarding products and operations of Islamic banks among the people, less attractive products and services, low profits rates and people are less familiar and reluctant to avail services by this financial sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
68. Selling Short as Ijarāh with Isti?sān and Its Ethical Implication.
- Author
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Sifat, Imtiaz Mohammad and Mohamad, Azhar
- Subjects
SHORT sales (Real property) ,ASSETS (Accounting) ,POSSESSION (Islamic law) ,SECURITIES commissions ,MUSLIM scholars ,ISLAMIC finance - Abstract
For most scholars, the concept of selling short, where financial assets are sold without prior possession or ownership, transgresses Islamic principles. However, the Sharīah Advisory Council of the Securities Commission of Malaysia (SAC) went against the majority by permitting short selling in 2006. Conventional finance points out that short selling increases liquidity, facilitates price discovery, and enables informational efficiency. Muslim scholars are facing a dilemma: on the one hand, Sharīah principles dictate that Islamic capital market transactions and instruments should remain devoid of elements of ambiguity and prohibited characteristics, but on the other hand, the Sharīah also demands that the transactions be of social utility to the participating parties. It appears that the SAC allows regulated short selling on the basis of ijārah with istisān. This article strives to highlight the jurisprudential issues regarding short selling and contribute to an Islamic angle on the ethical implications affecting this phenomenon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
69. The Potential Effectiveness of Financing Based on Musharkah and Ijarah on Agriculture: A Case Study of Pakistan.
- Author
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Saleem, Shamim
- Subjects
MICROFINANCE ,AGRICULTURE finance ,ISLAMIC finance - Abstract
Microfinance has been identified as an important policy instrument that allows greater financial and social independence for poor and destitute by facilitating access to financial services for rural class. Microfinance institutions (MFIs) have mostly high concentration on providing self financing that generally is for women beneficiaries and aim at alleviation of poverty in all its forms. The principle purpose of microfinance institutions is to be social performing by reducing poverty. However, they have to reconcile this objective with financial performance by trying to be profitable and sustainable. The research paper is based on qualitative research. The researcher chose Pakistan and studied its agriculture financial sector, identified problems with present financial system developed a financial model based on Musharakh and Ijarah for farmers particularly and for sustainable development of rural in general where bank will provide all the assistance that includes technical as well as other assistance. It will provide credible alternative which allows poor population to have access to basic financial services at low cost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
70. Incongruity in Contemporary and Shariah Compliant Current Accounts and Ijarah Operated by Islamic Banking
- Author
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Malik Saqib Ali and Abdul Wahab Jan Al-Azhari
- Subjects
business.industry ,current accounts ,Islam ,Accounting ,lcsh:Islam. Bahai Faith. Theosophy, etc ,General Medicine ,Current account ,financial losses ,Financial management ,lcsh:BP1-610 ,ijārah ,islamic financial institution ,Business ,Asset (economics) ,Islamic banking - Abstract
Current accounts and Ijarah has been foremost and important tools operated by the Islamic Financial Institutions. This study attempts to explore a few misgivings in the handling of current accounts by the Islamic banks in Pakistan. Financial management of Islamic banks is not under consideration which leads to the violation of Shariah’s fundamentals. Also in case of Ijarah, a bank’s client suffers from financial losses which must be borne in Islamic Banking system. Islamic Banks transfer the burden of some charges emerging form ownership of leased asset on their clientele which does not have any justification according to Shariah. This research has been carried out by taking unstructured interviews from some of the concerned staff of Islamic Banks. The results depict that current accounts and Ijarah is in operation and need to be revised and refined and must comply with Shariah.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
71. Current state and future prospects of Islamic banking in Morocco: An empirical investigation.
- Author
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Echchabi, Abdelghani, Aziz, Hassanuddeen Abd., Chaabane Oussama Houssem Eddine, Ayedh, Abdullah Mohammed, Osman Sayid Hassan Musse, and Azouzi, Dhekra
- Subjects
BANKING law & legislation (Islamic law) ,BANKING industry ,BANKING policy ,MURABAHAH ,ISLAMIC finance ,BANKING industry customer services ,ECONOMIC history - Abstract
The purpose of the study is to review the current state of Islamic banking in Morocco, and to investigate the factors that influence the adoption of Islamic banking services in the country. Accordingly, a survey was conducted covering 400 respondents from most of the Moroccan regions, and data analysis was based on linear regression. The findings revealed that the main factors that influence the decision of the Moroccan customers to adopt Islamic banking services are relative advantage, compatibility and social influence. Furthermore, the findings revealed that the progress of Islamic banking in Morocco is faced by multiple legal and regulatory challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
72. ANALISIS SEWA MENYEWA PARALEL PADA PERUSAHAAN RENT CAR CV. HARKAT DALAM PERSPEKTIF EKONOMI ISLAM
- Author
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Samsuardi Samsuardi and Muhammad Maulana
- Subjects
Ijarah ,Car Owner ,Tenant ,Object Rental ,Fiqh Muamalah ,Islam. Bahai Faith. Theosophy, etc. ,BP1-610 ,Finance ,HG1-9999 - Abstract
This study aims at determining the parallel process of car rental agreement between Harkat Rent Car Company and the owner of the car, and between the company and its customers in an Islamic economics perspective. This study also aims to analyze the risk coverage of the leased car. The data for this study was gathered through interviews, observation and documentation studies. The collected data was then analyzed using descriptive analysis method. Results showed that the process of car leasing begin when customer rented a car from CV. Harkat which was owned by its partner. The company provided a shared price for car owners according to a mutual agreement and applied only for a certain period. Furthermore, the partner has to allocate 20 percent of the income for the company. In addition, the company also required the partner to cover for maintenance costs, insurance, equipment, and spare parts. In the context of Islamic economics, the practice of leasing parallel conducted by the company was not fully Shariah compliance due to practice a lease above a lease and using two contracts in one transaction. =========================================== Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perjanjian sewa menyewa mobil secara paralel antara Perusahaan Rent Car CV. Harkat dengan pemilik mobil dan dengan konsumennya dalam perspektif ekonomi Islam. Penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk menanganalisis pertanggungan resiko terhadap mobil yang dijadikan objek sewa menyewa tersebut sewa menyewa mobil di Perusahaan Rent Car CV. Data untuk penelitian ini bersumber dari wawancara, obesrvasi dan studi dokumentasi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa CV. Harkat menyewakan mobil milik mitra kerjanya (pemilik mobil) kepada pelanggan yang membutuhkan sewa mobil untuk keperluannya. Pemilik usaha memberikan harga kongsi kepada pemilik mobil sesuai dengan kesepakatan bersama dan untuk jangka waktu tertentu. Selanjutnya, pemilik mobil harus menyisihkan sebanyak dua puluh persen dari penghasilan mobil miliknya yang dikongsikan kepada pengusaha rental mobil. Pengusaha Rent Car CV. Harkat mengharuskan pemilik mobil mengurus asuransi mobil dan menanggung biaya perawatan, peralatan dan suku cadang mobil. Jadi dalam konteks ekonomi Islam, praktik sewa menyewa paralel yang dilakukan oleh CV. Harkat kurang sesuai dengan hukum Islam karena terjadi sewa di atas sewa dalam sistem perjanjian sewa menyewa antara pemilik mobil dengan CV. Harkat.
- Published
- 2013
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73. MAQASID IN RISK MANAGEMENT: AN ANALYSIS OF IJARAH CONTRACT WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO MALAYSIA.
- Author
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Abdullah, Ahmad Badri and Al-Mubarak, Tawfique
- Subjects
- *
RISK management in business , *ISLAMIC law , *ISLAMIC finance , *LEASE & rental services , *INSTALLMENT plan , *COMMERCE - Abstract
Ijārah-based financing is currently generating greater interest among industry players and policy makers due to its minimal risk exposure. Being assetbacked it has a lesser risk overload, no default risk and better profits and now offers a viable alternative to controversial debt-based financing instruments. This paper attempts to highlight the benefits of applying the objectives (maqāid) of ijārah contract and how a diligent compliance to its maqasid can help manage Shari'ah and business risks. It is also hypothesised in this study that a sincere compliance tov the Shari'ah's objectives in financial transaction (maqāid al-mucāmalāt) would reduce risks in the Islamic banking industry. Current applications of ijārah-based instruments by Islamic banks in Malaysia are analysed to show the gaps between its theoretical presumptions and the actual applications on the ground. Some unresolved Shari'ah issues relating to the implementation of al-ijārah thumma al- bayc (AITAB) (a contract of leasing ending with a sale) as well as issues regarding ukūk al-ijārah (leasing bond) are discussed in order to provide evidence for such dissonances. The study recommends constructive measures to be undertaken by policy makers to resolve the governance and legal problems with regard to the implementation of AITAB and ?ukūk al- ijārah. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
74. PRAKTIK MASYARAKAT KALANGANYAR LEBAK BANTEN DALAM SEWA-MENYEWA TANAH SAWAH DENGAN SISTEM PEMBAYARAN PANEN
- Author
-
Tuljannah, Wirda, Masduki, Masduki, and Humaeroh, Humaeroh
- Subjects
Sewa-menyewa ,Gharar ,Ijarah - Abstract
Berdasarkan kasus yang ada untuk bercocok tanam mereka menyewa lahan pertanian sebagai usaha memenuhi kebutuhan sehari-hari. Dengan rukun syarat dan waktu yang telah disepakati kedua belah pihak yaitu penyewa dan pemilik lahan pertanian, sistem pembayaran yang dilakukan oleh kedua pihak dalam hal ini penyewa dengan cara membayar setelah tanah tersebut panen atau menghasilkan produk pertanian. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan field research di Desa Aweh kecamatan Kalanganyar Kabupaten Lebak. Temuan yang diperoleh bahwa pelaksanaan sewa tanah sawah di lokasi penelitian tidak memenuhi syarat dalam akad sewa tanah sawah. Aspek manfaat objek sewa yang menjadi inti dari sewa yaitu hasil panennya sangat rentan tidak terpenuhi karena tidak dapat dipastikan apakah tanaman padi tersebut berbuah atau tidak berbuah. Praktik sewa-menyewa ini tampaknya mengandung unsur ketidakpastian, dan gharar yang dilarang dalam Islam dilarang karena dapat merugikan salah satu pihak
- Published
- 2020
75. Ijȃrah Muntahiyah Bi al-Tamlȋk: Sebuah Alternatif Pemberdayaan Tanah Wakaf
- Author
-
Sunan Autad Sarjana and Iza Hanifuddin
- Subjects
Endowments ,lcsh:Islam ,Political science ,Business administration ,iqtina ' ,Empowerment ,IMBT ,lcsh:BP1-253 ,Ijarah - Abstract
Indonesia has a very extensive waqf land. Every year is always increasing. Size donated land is a great potential for the public welfare if managed with productive and professional. However, the institution of waqf as n ȃ dhir often find it difficult to finance the development and management of the donated land. This article is a literature review that aims to seek an alternative agreement that can be used to empower the donated land. The results showed that much of the literature of jurisprudence has defined-contract agreement for the empowerment of waqf land. Among the contract is ij ȃ rah classifiedtraditional ceremony in the empowerment of waqf land. Therefore, more advanced economic system, then the contract development experience and innovation to be ij ȃ rah muntahiyah bi al-Tamlik.This contract helped n ȃ dhir in financing to empower the donated land. Because all costs empowerment of financiers, and after completion of the contract, the investor will transfer ownership of the building to nȃdhir. Abstrak: Indonesia memiliki tanah wakaf yang sangat luas. Setiap tahunnya senantiasa mengalami peningkatan. Luas tanah wakaf ini merupakan potensi besar untuk mewujudkan kesejahteraan masyarakat jika dikelola dengan produktif dan profesional. Akan tetapi, lembaga wakaf sebagai n ȃ dhir seringkali mendapatkan kesulitan untuk membiayai pengembangan dan pengelolaan tanah wakaf tersebut. Artikel ini merupakan kajian pustaka yang bertujuan untuk mencari akad alternatif yang bisa digunakan dalam memberdayakan tanah wakaf. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa banyak literatur fikih telah menentukan akad-akad untuk pemberdayaan tanah wakaf. Di antara akad tersebut adalah ij ȃ rah yang tergolong akad tradisional dalam pemberdayaan tanah wakaf. Oleh karena sistem perekonomian yang semakin maju, maka akad tersebut mengalami pengembangan dan inovasi hingga menjadi ij ȃ rah muntahiyah bi al- taml i k . Akad ini banyak membantu n ȃ dhir dalam pembiayaan untuk memberdayakan tanah wakaf. Karena semua biaya pemberdayaan dari pemodal, dan setelah selesai akad, pemodal akan mengalihkan kepemilikan bangunan kepada n ȃ dhir .
- Published
- 2018
76. Sukuk Ijarah: To What Extent They Comply or Contradict the Ijarah Contract and Bay' 'Inah?
- Author
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Halim, Asma Hakimah Ab and Zahraa, Mahdi
- Subjects
ISLAMIC bonds ,ISLAMIC finance ,CONTRACTS ,COMMERCIAL law ,LEGAL instruments - Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to identify and compare the characteristics and rulings of Ijarah contract, the contract of 'inah and sukuk ijarah. The identification of their characteristics and rulings is a necessity to determine whether these contracts are similar to, or different from one another, and the extent of their compliance with the shariah. Furthermore, if the characteristics of these contracts could be ascertained, the rulings could be extended to the actual contracts in practice. This study analyses the characteristics and rulings of ijarah and 'inah contracts based on views of Hanafis, Malikis, Shafi'is and Hanbalis. The findings are then compared with the characteristics of sukuk ijarah as standardized by AAOIFI. The analysis is also focused on the terms and conditions of SenaiDesaru Express Berhad (SDEB) as an example of sukuk ijarah practice. The result suggests that sukuk ijarah as defined by AAOIFI has some differences from the original ijarah contract. Sukuk ijarah also has a few characteristics of ijarah contract. To certain extent, Sukuk ijarah has similarities with the 'inah contract. This study suggests that the terms represented in a particular contract may not truly represent the real characteristics of an original shariah contract. A particular contract may contain characteristics belong to different form of contracts. It may even be undesirably similar to the characteristics of the controversial contract of 'inah. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
77. Analysis of Islamic Mutual Funds Operations in Pakistan.
- Author
-
Shaikh, Salman Ahmed
- Subjects
MUTUAL funds ,ISLAM ,INVESTMENT policy ,INCOME - Abstract
Islamic finance is a set of financial institutions representing a connected financial architecture that works based on prescribed Shari'ah principles. Growth in the industry has been stellar, but, certain principles, the strategic direction and the practices do not warrant celebration yet. This paper while noting the impressive performance of Islamic mutual funds in Pakistan, strives to a) discuss the theoretical problems in screening principles followed in investment policy, b) identifies the problematic and less ideal investment alternatives used in practice, and c) highlights the anomalies in income purification methodology. The paper argues that the vision of leading the establishment of an egalitarian and balanced financial system has taken a backseat and increasingly innovative financial engineering seems to have blurred the distinctive identity of Islamic financial system. The paper concludes with the recommendation that in the short term, Shariah regulators must comprehensively train themselves in prevalent financial reporting standards and understand their implications. In the medium to long term, centralized Shariah board and revised financial reporting standards must be structured taking into account special needs of auditing the fulfillment of Islamic principles in practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
78. ISLAMSKO BANKARSTVO - ULOGA I ZNAČAJ FINANCIJSKIH INSTRUMENATA.
- Author
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Čočić, Teufik
- Subjects
ISLAMIC finance ,FINANCIAL instruments ,GLOBAL Financial Crisis, 2008-2009 ,RISK management in business - Abstract
Copyright of Ekonomski Vjesnik is the property of Ekonomski Vjesnik and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2012
79. Contractualism in Employment Relationships: A Conceptual Discourse of Common Law and the Shariah.
- Author
-
Hassan, Kamal Halili
- Subjects
CONTRACTARIANISM (Ethics) ,COMMON law ,ISLAMIC law ,INDUSTRIAL relations ,OUTSOURCING laws - Abstract
Abstract This article discusses contractualism in employment relationships from the perspectives of common law and the Shariah. While common law has developed a modern concept of employment relationships-a contract of service as opposed to a contract for services-Islamic history has shown a similar development. In fact, Islam has contributed immensely to the emergence of a contract of service. That contribution is the reason this article adopts an intertwined discourse of both systems. However, there are differences in such relationships; whereas an element of control dominates the contract of service in common law, the Islamic system places more emphasis on the principle of brotherhood. However, when it comes to the mutual trust and confidence of both parties in implementing the implied obligations under contract, both systems share the same values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
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80. Financial disintermediation and Profitability of Global Islamic Banks
- Author
-
Arshed, Noman, Riaz, Shakeel, and Khan, Tehseen Mohsan
- Subjects
musharaka ,lcsh:Islam ,ijarah ,lcsh:Finance ,lcsh:HG1-9999 ,mudaraba ,sem ,Musharaka, Mudaraba, Ijarah, Murabaha, SEM, Islamic Banking ,lcsh:BP1-253 ,islamic banking ,murabaha - Abstract
Recently Islamic banks are experiencing rapid growth in Islamic countries as well as non-Islamic countries. The profitability of the Islamic banks is based on the different instruments as a share of total financing. Mainly there are two categories of financing instruments are available, first is the trade based and the second is finance based. Modes of trade are instruments having low risk and fixed returns, whereas the modes of finance are instruments having high risk and possibly high returns. This study started with the proposition that both modes have different effects on the profitability as both have different roots in Islamic finance. For the analysis the data is collected which comprises of 19 full-fledged Islamic banks from 7 countries, the study used SEM framework controlling for macroeconomic effects and country effect. The results indicated that modes of finance have positive and modes of trade have a negative effect on the growth of assets and equity of Islamic banks. These results reiterate the faith-based model of Islamic finance and propose Islamic banks to promote the partnership based mode of finance, which is more socially beneficial to the banks and to the economy., European Journal of Islamic Finance, No 7 (2017): EJIF - European Journal of Islamic Finance, Special Issue: Islamic Banking and Finance, 2017
- Published
- 2017
81. The Effect of Financing Trading, Profit Sharing and Ijarah to Falah in Sharia Banks
- Author
-
Mas'ud, Imam, Setiawan, Eko, and Yuliarti, Norita Citra
- Subjects
Falah ,Profit-sharing ,Saria bank ,Ijarah - Abstract
Each industry or individual cannot be separated from the need for funding to finance the industry or carry out consumption. Financing can be very crucial because this financing factor is as the key of development of Islamic business in the future. Ideally, Islamic Bank financing is dominated by the principle of purchase and sales financing, the principle of profit-sharing financing and the principle of ijarah financing where those financing is held using bargaining agreements and profit-sharing which must be agreed by sharia principle. This research examines the effect of information content on the principle of purchase and sales financing, the principle of profit-sharing financing and the principle of ijarah financing to falah of Islamic bank (BUS). This sample uses purposive sampling method in BUS that exists and releasing financial statements between 2011 and 2016 in which they are not loss. Data is collected from Bank Indonesia and the BUS website's. The result of this research using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) shows that two variables which are the principle of purchase and sales financing and the principle of profit-sharing financing have positive significantly affect to falah in Islamic bank.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
82. What Determines Sukuk Issuance Type in Indonesia?
- Author
-
Bruno S. Sergi, Irwan Trinugroho, and Datien Eriska Utami
- Subjects
Sukuk ,Yield ,Supervisory board ,Yield (finance) ,Sharia supervisory board ,Financial system ,Compliance level ,Ijarah, Indonesia, Mudharabah, Profitability, Sharia supervisory board, Sukuk, Yield ,Ijarah ,Indonesia ,Issuer ,Sharia ,Profitability ,Profitability index ,Business ,Empirical evidence ,Mudharabah - Abstract
We empirically investigate the determinants of sukuk issuance type in Indonesia to issue either ijarah sukuk or mudharabah sukuk. We include sukuk characteristics, sharia-related factors, and firm characteristics, provide empirical evidence on the determinants of sukuk issuance type by incorporating sukuk-specific factors, firm-specific factors, and sharia compliance variables, and address the role of Sharia Supervisory Board, as the sharia representative of firm compliance for sharia products, in the issuer’s choice of sukuk type. By studying 88 sukuk issuance in Indonesia from 2009 to 2017, we find that firm profitability and the sharia compliance level have a significant effect on the probability of issuing mudharabah sukuk. Some other factors’ characteristics including sukuk yield, firm age, and inflation rate are also found to have a significant effect.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
83. Infrastructure Project Financing Through Sukuk as an Alternative to Conventional Bond Financing
- Author
-
Ibraheem Alani AbdulKareem
- Subjects
Sukuk ,Ijarah ,Infrastructure ,Development - Abstract
The infrastructure development is one of the vital elements in achieving the goals of the country development. When infrastructure and other public facilities are available, basic human needs can be met accurately. Financing infrastructure has been the main concern of many countries and there is a very little foreign direct investment in developing nations for many reasons. These nations apply for loans from international institutions which are expensive with many attached conditions. Similarly, evidence have shown from Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and Malaysia that the adoption of sukuk is an assured way toward infrastructural development of a country. For this reason, many authors perceived sukuk as alternative to conventional bond for infrastructure projects and other essential needs for countries to develop. Therefore, this study is motivated by the infrastructural development which has taken place in those countries that have been practising/using sukuk as tool for infrastructure development. This innovation will increase a lot of strategic advantage and economic development of countries by utilizing sukuk as an alternative source of funding. Using sukuk as infrastructural development’s tool will also assist countries that find it difficult to fulfil the requirement for the conventional bond.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
84. Sukuk Issuance in Malaysia: Lessons for Pakistan
- Author
-
Rehana Kouser, Irum Saba, and Sumaira Ghafoor
- Subjects
Sukuk ,050208 finance ,Bond ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,Malaysia ,Financial system ,Murabaha ,Liquidity risk ,Ijarah ,Islamic finance ,Market liquidity ,Market risk ,Order (exchange) ,Debt ,0502 economics and business ,lcsh:Finance ,lcsh:HG1-9999 ,Mudarabah ,Business ,050207 economics ,media_common - Abstract
Pakistan need to enhance the liquidity management framework for its growing Islamic finance industry. Sukuk is a best Shariah-compliant debt instrument for short term liquidity needs since Sukuk is highly tradable instrument with low level of market risk. In view of that, there is an increasing trend in the global issuances of corporate and sovereign Sukuk. Therefore, this case study aims to explore the issuance of Sukuk in Malaysia as an example. Malaysia is dominating the Sukuk Market and has been issuing Sukuk since 1990. The underlying structure of the proposed Sukuk model for Pakistan is Istisna that is an Islamic project bond. Pakistan has the potential to replicate the Sukuk model of Malaysia. However, it is required to have an active secondary trading market in order to develop an effective and dynamic Sukuk market.
- Published
- 2018
85. Sukuk Issuance in Malaysia: Lessons for Pakistan
- Author
-
Ghafoor, Sumaira, Saba, Irum, Kouser, Rehana, Ghafoor, Sumaira, Saba, Irum, and Kouser, Rehana
- Abstract
Pakistan need to enhance the liquidity management framework for its growing Islamic finance industry. Sukuk is a best Shariah-compliant debt instrument for short term liquidity needs since Sukuk is highly tradable instrument with low level of market risk. In view of that, there is an increasing trend in the global issuances of corporate and sovereign Sukuk. Therefore, this case study aims to explore the issuance of Sukuk in Malaysia as an example. Malaysia is dominating the Sukuk Market and has been issuing Sukuk since 1990. The underlying structure of the proposed Sukuk model for Pakistan is Istisna that is an Islamic project bond. Pakistan has the potential to replicate the Sukuk model of Malaysia. However, it is required to have an active secondary trading market in order to develop an effective and dynamic Sukuk market.
- Published
- 2018
86. The application of the sukuk in the participation banking: World and Turkey comparison
- Author
-
Allaham, Abdullatıf, Karamustafa, Osman, İşletme Anabilim Dalı, 0-Belirlenecek, and Allaham, Abdullatıf
- Subjects
Sukuk ,Murabahah ,Katılım Bankası ,Kira Sertifikası ,Participation banking ,Bankacılık ,Comparative analysis ,Müşareke ,Musharakah ,Murabaha ,İcara ,İstisna ,Islamic finance techniques ,Ijarah ,Banking ,Rent Certificate ,Mudarebe ,İşletme ,Mudarabah ,Turkish banking system ,Lease certificate ,Participation Bank ,Business Administration - Abstract
Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye'deki sukuk uygulamalarını, çalışma esaslarını ve süreçlerini, Sukuk uygulamaları olan İslam ülkeleri, Malezya, Bahreyn ve Birleşik Arap Emirliklerinde olan Dubai örneği ile karşılaştırmalı olarak incelemektir. Ayrıca İslami finansta kullanılan yöntem ve ürünler ile ilgili standartları belirleyen İslami Finansal Kuruluşlar Muhasebe ve Denetim Organizasyonu (AAOİFİ) tarafından yayınlanan standartlar ile Türkiye'deki Sukuk uygulaması karşılaştırılarak/ Türkiye'deki Sukuk uygulamasında eksiklikler ortaya koyulmuş ve önerilerde bulunmuştur.Anahtar kelimeler: Sukuk, Mudarebe, Müşareke, Katılım Bankası, Kira Sertifikası, Murabaha, İcara, İstisna The purpose of this study is to compare and study the working principles, processes and the application of the sukuk in turkey with other Islamic countries like Malaysia, Bahrein and UAE (the application of Dubai Emirate) also suggestion has been made and clarified the defects about the sukuk application in turkey by comparing the standards relating to the methods and products used in the Islamic finance issued by Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions.Keywords: Sukuk, Mudarabah, Musharakah, Participation Bank, Rent Certificate, Murabahah, Ijarah, Istisna'a 142
- Published
- 2018
87. IMPLEMENTASI AL-IJĀRAH AL-MUNTAHIYA BI AL-TAMLIK (IMBT) DI PERBANKAN SYARIAH
- Author
-
Ali Syukron
- Subjects
muajjir ,bank syariah ,lcsh:Islam ,ijarah ,IMBT, murabahah ,leasing ,lcsh:BP1-253 - Abstract
Al-Ijārah al-Muntahiya bit al-Tamlik (IMBT) merupakan salah satu alternatif skim pembiayaan syariah untuk memfasilitasi pembiayaan jangka menengah dan jangka panjang yang sesuai dengan jenis usaha nasabah sekaligus mengamankan kepentingan bank. Artikel ini berusaha menjelaskan operasi akad IMBT di perbankan syariah. Dibandingkan dengan akad mudharabah, akad IMBT ini lebih fleksibel dan kompetitif bagi nasabah dalam penetapan harga sewa, walaupun ada beberapa risiko yang mungkin terjadi yang harus diantisipasi. seperti risiko default yaitu nasabah tidak membayar cicilan dengan sengaja, aset ijarah rusak sehingga menyebabkan biaya pemeliharaan bertambah, terutama bila disebutkan dalam kontrak bahwa pemeliharaan harus dilakukan oleh si pemberi sewa (muajjir), dan nasabah berhenti di tengah kontrak dan tidak mau membeli aset tersebut. Akibatnya bank harus menghitung kembali keuntungan dan mengembalikan sebagian kepada nasabah.
- Published
- 2012
88. ISLAMIC INVESTMENT AND HOW TO TAKE ADVANTAGE OF CAPITAL (THE CASE OF GLOBAL MERCHANTS IN THE CITY OF MATARAM, LOMBOK, INDONESIA)
- Author
-
Busaini Busaini
- Subjects
Finance ,Islamic investments ,business.industry ,ijarah ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Wage ,contribution and profit sharing ,Murabaha ,Investment (macroeconomics) ,Interest rate ,Profit sharing ,Capital (economics) ,Income tax ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Hajj ,Business ,General Environmental Science ,media_common - Abstract
This paper describes how the economic development of Islam in Indonesia and Islamic investment offender, specific investment is viewed from two musty mudharabah and ijarah. We know people are familiar with conventional investments that rely on the interest rate, but the author tries to see a bunch of people who do not invest based on the interest rate. Community groups in question are gold and pearl merchants in the city of Mataram; they traded with the islamic law principle informed with the actual quality of the goods, weighing, and make an appointment with either. Associated with investments, they provided capital among traders with profit sharing agreement at the end of the year, 60 percent to 40 percent owner of capital for business managers. Labor they take an average of 2 people for each trader with wage system 50 thousand rupiahs per day. Contribution to the development of economic gold traders Mataram is helpful in employment, supporting the development of West Nusa Tenggara Tourism, both domestic and abroad, especially in the area of increased income tax payments, an increase in the welfare of the community with many traders who perform the Hajj.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
89. Pengantar Akuntansi Syariah: Pendekatan Praktis
- Author
-
Prabowo, Andri EKO
- Subjects
Murabahah ,Akuntansi Syariah ,Musyarakah ,Ijarah ,Mudharabah - Abstract
Pengantar Akuntansi Syariah: Pendekatan Praktis ini ditulis dengan menggunakan bahasa sederhana agar mudah dimengerti oleh mereka yang baru belajar akuntansi syariah. Prasyarat untuk mempergunakan buku ini adalah telah belajar ekonomi syariah dan pengantar akuntansi. Buku ini dapat digunakan oleh mahasiswa dari jurusan pendidikan akuntansi atau pun dari non akuntansi, Meskipun buku ini di desain khusus bagi mahasiswa yang menempuh mata kuliah akuntansi syariah dengan bobot 2 sks., {"references":["Antonio dan Muhammad Syafi'i. 1999. Bank Syariah: Suatu Pengenalan Umum. Jakarta: Kerjasama BI dan Tazkia Institute.","Dewan Syariah Nasional. 2001. Himpunan Fatwa Dewan Syari'ah Nasional untuk lembaga keuangan syariah. Jakarta: IAI","Hosen, M.Nadratuzzaman dan AM. Hasan Ali. 2008. Kamus Populer keuangan dan ekonomi syariah. Jakarta: PKES Publishing","Karim, Adiwarman. 2003. Bank Islam: Analisis Fiqih dan Keuangan. Jakarta: International Institute of Islamic Thought Indonesia.","Kieso, Donald E., Jerry J. Weygant, Terry D. Warfield. 2001.Akuntansi Intermediate. Jakarta: Salemba Empat","Muhammad.2011. Rekonstruksi Kerangka Dasar Konseptual Untuk Akuntansi dan Pelaporan Keuangan Syariah 1. Universitas Mercu Buana","Nurhayati, Sri., Wasilah. 2008. Akuntansi Syariah di Indonesa. Jakarta: Salemba Empat","Nurhayati, Sri., Wasilah. 2013. Akuntansi Syariah di Indonesa: Edisi 3. Jakarta: Salemba Empat","Reeve, James M., Carl S. Warren, dkk. 2008. Principles of Accounting: Indonesian Adaptation. Jakarta: Salemba Empat","Sabbiq, Sayyid. 2008. Fikih Sunnah. Jakarta: Penerbit Pena","Sutardi, Tatang. 2010. Ijarah: Aplikasinya pada lembaga keuangan syariah. Samarinda: PA-Tanah Grogot","Weygant, Jerry J., Donald E. Kieso, Paul D. Kimmel. 2005. Accounting Principles. Jakarta: Salemba Empat","Wibisana, M. Jusuf. 2010. Tantangan atas Penerapan SAK Syariah. Jakarta: disajikan dalam kongres IAI ke XI, tanggal 9 Desember 2010"]}
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
90. ANALISIS KELEBIHAN DAN KEKURANGAN IMPLEMENTASI PSAK 107 TENTANG IJARAH MUNTAHIYAH BITTAMLIK DALAM PEMBIAYAAN PERUMAHAN PADA PT BANK MUAMALAT CABANG MAKASSAR
- Author
-
TAJRIM, MUH.
- Subjects
Musyarakah ,pembiayaan ,Ijarah - Abstract
2014 Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan memberikan gambaran tentang kelebihan dan kekurangan implementasi PSAK 107 tentang Ijarah Muntahiyah Bittamlik dalam pembiayaan perumahan pada PT Bank Muamalat Cabang Makassar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu kualitatif deskriptif. Penelitian ini menjelaskan fenomena-fenomena sosial yang ada dengan mengembangkan konsep dan menghimpun fakta, tetapi tidak melakukan pengujian hipotesis. Hasil penelitian terhadap perlakuan akuntansi IMBTyang dilterapkan oleh PT Bank Muamalat Cabang Makassar menunjukkan bahwa skim IMBT yang diterapkan telah sesuai dengan standar ditetapkan dalam PSAK 107. Adapun kelebihan dan kekurangan implementasi PSAK 107 tentang Ijarah Muntahiyah Bittamlik dalam pembiayaan perumahan adalah nilai asset dalam laporan keuangan menggelembung sehingga bank akan menanggung pajak yang besar. Alternatif Musyarakah Mutanaqisah yang dipandang lebih baik daripada IMBT membuat PT Bank Muamalat Cabang Makassar memutuskan untuk beralih pada pembiayaan perumahan menggunakan skim Musyarakah Mutanaqisah
- Published
- 2014
91. Differences in accounting treatment of Ijarah: a case study of UAE Islamic banks
- Author
-
Gupta, Namrata and Gupta, Namrata
- Abstract
Purpose - This paper aims to discuss the accounting treatment of one of the most popular instruments of financing in Islamic banks, which is Islamic leasing or Ijarah. This research undertakes an empirical investigation of the accounting practices of Ijarah followed by UAE's Islamic banks. The main objective of this paper is to compare the accounting practices followed by UAE Islamic banks and accounting practices recommended by Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions (AAOIFI) for the accounting treatment of Ijarah. Design/methodology/approach - This study also aims to examine the justification and explanation behind this practice and clarify the accounting treatment of Ijarah as defined in the regulatory framework and standards. Findings - The author has found that the accounting treatment of Ijarah practiced by four UAE Islamic banks, it is clear that all of them are following IAS-17 and not FAS-8 of AAOIFI. The main difference is: FAS-8 issued by AAOIFI suggests that the accounting treatment for both Ijarah and Ijarah Muntahia Bittamleek be similar to operating lease transactions with certain exceptions. On the other hand, these Islamic banks are accounting for Ijarah as a financing transaction, just like finance lease - in accordance with IAS-17. Research limitations/implications - Taking out the right information from banks officials regarding Ijarah was a big hassle. Practical implications - After considering the above-mentioned points, according to the researcher, Western accounting standards are not appropriate to be applied in Islamic financial institution because of their different nature and treatment of financial instruments. Therefore, Islamic banks and other Islamic finance professionals should consider making the standards of AAOIFI mandatory, and they should stick to these standards for information disclosure, building investors' confidence, monitoring and surveillance. These standards would also ensure the integration
- Published
- 2015
92. ???Analisis Sistem Pembiayaan Gadai Syariah (Studi Kasus Pada PT Pegadaian Cabang SyariahTe
- Author
-
HASMIRA,
- Subjects
rahn emas ,ijarah ,gadai syariah - Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kesesuaian komparatif sistem pembiayaan gadai syariah PT Pegadaian Syariah Cabang Tello dalam hal ini yaitu Rahn Emas dan Sewa Penitipan Emas (Ijarah) telah sesuai dengan fatwa Dewan Syariah Nasional Majelis Ulama Indonesia No.26/DSN-MUI/III/2002. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif komparatif. Data yang diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan pihak pegadaian syariah yaitu karyawan pegadaian syariah di bidang gadai emas maupun dokumentasi-dokumentasi dari pihak pegadaian. Hasil dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa belum semua sistem pembiayaan gadai syariah pada Pegadaian Syariah berpedoman pada fatwa Dewan Syariah Nasional Majelis Ulama Indonesia No.26/DSN-MUI/III/2002 terutama pada sistem penetapan biaya administrasi Pegadaian Syariah. Akan tetapi dalam hal penetapan tarif sewa penitipan barang dan perlakuan akuntansinya yang menyangkut pengakuan dan pengukuran serta penyajiannya dalam laporan keuangan telah sesuai dengan fatwa Dewan Syariah Nasional Majelis Ulama Indonesia No.26/DSN-MUI/III/2002. Kata kunci: gadai syariah, rahn emas, ijarah Islamic mortgage finance system analysis at PT. Pegadaian (Persero) branch syariah Tello in Makassar Hasmira Abdul Latief Mediaty This study aims to determine the suitability of comparative Islamic mortgage finance system PT Pegadaian branch Sharia Tello in this case the rent Rahn Gold and Gold Luggage (Ijarah) are compliant with Sharia Fatwa Council National Council of Ulama Indonesia No.26/DSN-MUI/III/2002 . This study uses a comparative descriptive study. Data were obtained through interviews with the employees PT Pegadaian sharia Islamic mortgages in the pawning gold and documentation from the PT Pegadaian. The results of this study it can be concluded that not all Islamic mortgage finance system in the Pegadaian Sharia guided by the National Fatwa Council of Indonesian Ulama Council No.26/DSN-MUI/III/2002 especially on systems costing PT Pegadaian Sharia administration. However, in the case of prince fixing rent baggage and the accounting treatment relating to the recognition and measurement and presentation in the financial statements in accordance with the National Fatwa Council of Indonesian Ulama Council Sharia No.26/DSN- MUI/III/2002. Keywords: Islamic mortgage, gold rahn, ijarah
- Published
- 2012
93. ANALISIS PERLAKUAN AKUNTANSI PEMBIAYAAN GADAI SYARIAH PT. BANK BNI SYARIAH, TBK. CABANG MAKASSAR
- Author
-
AMALIAH RAMADHANI, NUR
- Subjects
Ijarah ,PSAK 107 ,Gadai Syariah ,dan Fatwa DSN MUI No.26/DSN-MUI/III/2002 - Abstract
Nur Amaliah Ramadhani.A31107024. Analisis Perlakuan Akuntansi Pembiayaan Gadai Syariah PT Bank BNISyariah Tbk. Cabang Makassar. Dibimbing oleh DR.H. Abdul Hamid Habbe SE, M.Si. (Pembimibing I) dan Drs. Abdul Rahman Ak (Pembimbing II) Kata Kunci: Gadai Syariah,Ijarah, PSAK 107, dan Fatwa DSN MUI No.26/DSN-MUI/III/2002. Konsepyang jauh dari riba dan sesuai dengan syariat Islam, membuat produk perbankan syariah menjadi pilihan umat Muslim di Indonesia yang berniat menjalankan agama secara kaffah. Gadai Emas Syariah dari BNI Syariah disebut juga pembiayaan Rahn yang merupakan penyerahan jaminan atau hak penguasaan secara fisik atas barang berharga berupa emas (lantakan dan atau perhiasan beserta aksesorisnya) kepada bank sebagai jaminan atas pembiayaan (qardh) yang diterima. Penelitian ini bertujuan1)Untuk mengetahuikesesuaian perlakuan akuntansi atas pembiayaan gadai syariahBank BNI SyariahdenganPSAK 107(akad ijarah). 2)Mengetahui kesesuaian gadai emas syariah di Bank BNI Syariah denganFatwa DSN MUI No.26/DSN-MUI/III/2002.(3)Mengetahui tingkat pengembalian pendapatan (keuntungan) dari pembiayaan gadai syariah pada PT. BankNegara Indonesia Syariah, Tbk. Cabang Makassar. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif. Adapun pengumpulan data yangdilakukan oleh penulis adalah dengan metode wawancara terhadap karyawan Bank BNI Syariah Kantor Syariah Cabang Makassar dan menggunakandata berupa pedoman akuntansi dan perlakuan akuntansi ijarah yang diterapkan dalam produkPembiayaan BNI iB Gadai Emas. Dari hasil penelitian PT.Bank BNI Syariahtelah menjalangkan pedoman akuntansi PSAK 107,dan telah sesuai dengan penerapan Fatwa Dewan Syariah Nasional Majelis Ulama Indonesia No.26/DSN-MUI/III/2002. Serta Tingkat pengembalian keuntungan dari pendapatan pembiayaan gadai syariah (rahn) untuk tahun 2010 ke tahun 2011 mengalami peningkatan.
- Published
- 2012
94. Analisis Aplikasi Sistem Pembiayaan Gadai Syariah Pada Perum Pegadaian Syariah Cabang Makassar
- Author
-
La sukuru
- Subjects
PSAK 107 ,Gadai Syariah ,Fatwa DSN-MUI No.25/DSN-MUI/III/2002, dan Hukum Syariat Islam ,Ijarah - Abstract
Konsep yang jauh dari riba dan sesuai dengan syariat Islam, membuat produk gadai syariah menjadi pilihan umat Muslim di Indonesia yang berniat menjalankan agama secara kaffah. Gadai emas syariah dari Pegadaian Syariah disebut juga pembiayaan Rahn yang merupakan penyerahan jaminan atau hak penguasaan secara fisik atas barang berharga berupa emas lantakan atau perhiasan kepada Pegadaian sebagai jaminan atas pembiayaan yang diterima. Penelitian yang berjudul analisis aplikasi sistem pembiayaan gadai syariah ini bertujuan untuk 1) mengetahui kesesuaian perlakuan akuntansi atas pembiayaan gadai syariah di Pegadaian Syariah Cabang Makassar dengan PSAK 107 (akad ijarah), 2) mengetahui kesesuaian pembiayaan gadai syariah di Pegadaian Syariah Cabang Makassar dengan Fatwa DSN-MUI No.25/DSN-MUI/III/2002, 3) mengetahui kesesuaian pembiayaan gadai syariah di Pegadaian Syariah Cabang Makassar dengan Hukum Syariat Islam. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif. Adapun pengumpulan data yang dilakukan oleh penulis adalah dengan metode wawancara terhadap karyawan Pegadaian Syariah Cabang Makassar dan menggunakan data berupa buku pedoman Pegadaian Syariah Cabang Makassar. Dari hasil penelitian Perum Pegadaian Syariah telah menjalankan pedoman akuntansi PSAK 107, dan telah sesuai dengan penerapan Fatwa DSN-MUI No.25/DSN-MUI/III/2002, Namun belum sesuai dengan hukum syariat Islam secara menyeluruh.
- Published
- 2008
95. PERLAKUAN AKUNTANSI ATAS PEMBIAYAAN GADAI SYARIAH (AR-RAHN) OLEH PEMEGANG GADAI (MURTAHIN) PADA PT. BANK SYARIAH MANDIRI, TBK. CABANG MAKASSAR
- Author
-
Ikhsan
- Subjects
PSAK 107 ,Gadai Syariah ,Fatwa DSN MUI No.25 dan 26/DSN-MUI/III/2002. Syariah Islam ,Ijarah - Abstract
Konsep yang jauh dari riba dan sesuai dengan syariat Islam, membuat produk perbankan syariah menjadi pilihan umat Muslim di Indonesia yang berniat menjalankan agama secara kaffah. Gadai Emas Syariah dari Bank Syariah Mandiri disebut juga pembiayaan Rahn yang merupakan penyerahan jaminan atau hak penguasaan secara fisik atas barang berharga berupa emas (lantakan dan atau perhiasan beserta aksesorisnya) kepada bank sebagai jaminan atas pembiayaan (qardh) yang diterima. Penelitian ini bertujuan 1) Untuk mengetahui kesesuaian perlakuan akuntansi atas pembiayaan gadai syariah Bank Syariah Mandiri dengan PSAK 107(akad ijarah). 2) Mengetahui kesesuaian gadai emas syariah di Bank Syariah Mandiri dengan Fatwa DSN MUI No.25 dan No.26/DSN-MUI/III/2002. 3) Mengetahui kesesuaian gadai emas syariah di Bank Syariah Mandiri sesuai dengan syariah islam (AlQur???an dan Al-hadist). Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif. Adapun pengumpulan data yang dilakukan oleh penulis adalah dengan metode wawancara terhadap karyawan Bank Syariah Mandiri Kantor Syariah Cabang Makassar dan menggunakan data berupa pedoman akuntansi dan perlakuan akuntansi ijarah yang diterapkan dalam produk Pembiayaan BSM iB Gadai Emas. Dari hasil penelitian PT. Bank Syariah Mandiri telah menjalangkan pedoman akuntansi PSAK 107, dan telah sesuai dengan penerapan Fatwa Dewan Syariah Nasional Majelis Ulama Indonesia No.26/DSN-MUI/III/2002, tetapi belum sesuai dengan Fatwa Dewan Syariah Nasional Majelis Ulama Indonesia No.25/DSN-MUI/III/2002 dan syariah islam (AlQur???an dan Al-Hadist).
- Published
- 2008
96. Muslimska obligationer ur ett skatterättsligt perspektiv
- Author
-
Hellmark, Zara, Sirén , Klara, Hellmark, Zara, and Sirén , Klara
- Abstract
En av de grundläggande principerna för muslimsk ekonomi är att betalning och mottagande av ränta (riba) är kategoriskt förbjudet enligt muslimsk rätt (Sharia). Förbudet mot betalning och mottagande av ränta är också den största skillnaden mellan muslimsk och traditionell ekonomi. Förbudet mot riba har föranlett att alternativa finansieringsformer som är förenliga Sharia har utvecklats. Muslimska obligationer, sukuk, utgör den mest populära formen av värdepapper inom det muslimska finansväsendet och är värdepapper där ägandet av de underliggande tillgångarna överförs till ett stort antal investerare genom obligationer som representerar det proportionerliga värdet av de aktuella tillgångarna. Vid utfärdande av sukuk i icke traditionellt muslimska stater kan skatterättsliga problem och oklarheter uppstå i de fall finansieringsalternativet inte är särskilt reglerat i lagstiftning. Storbritannien är en av de stater i Europa som nyligen har infört ny lagstiftning för att lösa de skatterättsliga problemen. Avsikten med den nya lagstiftningen var att undanröja de oklarheter som förelåg avseende hur sukuk skulle komma att beskattas och att tillförsäkra att sukuk inte skulle beskattas mindre fördelaktigt än konventionella obligationer. Detta för att sukuk inte skulle vara en mindre attraktiv finansieringsform. Sukuk är idag inte särskilt reglerat i Sverige och det föreligger skatterättsliga oklarheter och problem avseende hur finansieringsformen skulle komma att beskattas i Sverige. Ett initialt skatterättsligt problem är klassificeringen av sukuk. Det är fråga om en finansieringsform som saknar motsvarighet i svensk rätt. Då de enskilda transaktionerna utlöser skattekonsekvenser som inte skulle ha utlösts om sukuk hade varit en konventionell obligation föranleder det slutsatsen att sukuk idag skulle beskattas mindre fördelaktigt än konventionella obligationer. Det huvudsakliga problemet är att avkastningen på muslimska obligationerna troligtvis inte är avdragsgill då avkastn, One of the fundamental principles of Islamic finance is that the payment and receipt of interest (riba) is categorically forbidden under Islamic law (Shariah). The prohibition of payment and receipt of interest is also the main difference between Islamic and conventional finance. The prohibition of riba has led to the development of alternative forms of financing that are compatible with Shariah. Islamic bonds, sukuk, is the most popular form of securitisation in Islamic finance and are securities where ownership of the underlying assets are transferred to a large number of investors through bonds that represent the proportionate value of the assets in question. Upon issuance of sukuk in non-muslim states problems and uncertainties regarding taxation may arise due to the lack of adequate legislation. United Kingdom, as well as some other European nations, has recently adopted new legislation to resolve the problems regarding taxation. The intention of the legislation was to remove the ambiguity that existed regarding the taxation of sukuk and to ensure that sukuk would not be taxed less favourably than conventional bonds, thus making sukuk an equally attractive form of financing. Sukuk is currently not explicitly regulated in Sweden and there are uncertainties and concerns regarding the taxation of this form of financing in Sweden. An initial problem in a fiscal assessment of sukuk is how to categorize the arrangement. It is a form of finance, which has no equivalent in Swedish law. The individual transactions trigger tax consequences that would not have been triggered if it had been a conventional bond, the conclusion must therefore be that sukuk today would be taxed less favourably than conventional bonds. The main problem is that the return of the Islamic bonds probably would not be deductible because the return would not be categorized as interest. An additional problem that may arise is that the individual transactions may trigger questions concerning Swedish s
- Published
- 2011
97. “Start-up Financing in Jordan: The Role of Legitimacy”
- Author
-
Farrah, Malek and Farrah, Malek
- Abstract
New ventures are said to suffer from lack of resources, particularly financial, in their early stage. This is due to the lack of legitimacy which is caused by the liability of newness and smallness. As a result, about 25% of start-up and small firms go bankrupt or fail within two years of establishment while almost 52% disappear within 4 years (Berger & Udill, 1998). Consequently, this study is a response to the fact that existing studies in the area of legitimacy for start-up firms are solely concentrated on Western new ventures. Therefore, this study offers an insight of the symbolic actions taken by new ventures to build their legitimacy and obtain start-up financing in the context of Jordan by employing a case study of Technical Advisers Company. Mixed research methods were employed to conduct this study. Interviews were held with Technical Advisers Company Management team members. In addition, surveys were sent to banks in Jordan to investigate the factors they assess when providing a start-up loan. The findings show that new ventures in Jordan take symbolic actions that are similar to western start-ups with some actions are only practical in the context of Jordan due to the difference in culture. The outcomes also point-out that banks look for financial performance more than the characteristics of the firm and management team. Additionally, banks decision on providing start-up loans is shown to be linked with the religion of the country.
98. Design of Ijarah Sukuk
- Author
-
Rohmatunnisa, Dinna and Rohmatunnisa, Dinna
- Abstract
Compared to conventional bonds and total financial assets, the share of Islamic bonds is very small. However, since 2002 the issuance of this instrument has increased rapidly and it is expected to keep increasing in the future. The purpose of the dissertation is to discuss on Ijarah sukuk pricing, and on a review of the literature concerning Shariah and financial issues related to the instrument, as a basis to construct a financial model to price it. To build the formula for the Ijarah sukuk, three types of model are used: the model for leasing as illustrated by Schallheim (1994), McConnell and Schallheim (1983) and Myers, Dill and Bautista (1976); the formal mortgage system as illustrated by Ebrahim and Ahmed (2008), and the cost of capital in a non-interest economy by Mirakhor (1996). From the analysis of the above pricing model and also from review of Shariah and financial issues related to the instrument, it is concluded that the pricing of Ijarah sukuk is an analogy of conventional bond price with some adjustments such as the presence of SPV (Special Purpose Vehicle) fee, Legal and Shariah boards' fee, and operating expenses. This dissertation illustrates four types of formula based on the conditions in the contract, such as the Ijarah sukuk with (1) repurchase transaction held with certainty and with a predetermined price (2) repurchase transaction with certainty and the asset price follows geometric Brownian motion (gBm), (3) repurchase transaction with call option and with predetermined price, (4) repurchase transaction with call option and the asset price follows geometric Brownian motion (gBm).
99. “Start-up Financing in Jordan: The Role of Legitimacy”
- Author
-
Farrah, Malek and Farrah, Malek
- Abstract
New ventures are said to suffer from lack of resources, particularly financial, in their early stage. This is due to the lack of legitimacy which is caused by the liability of newness and smallness. As a result, about 25% of start-up and small firms go bankrupt or fail within two years of establishment while almost 52% disappear within 4 years (Berger & Udill, 1998). Consequently, this study is a response to the fact that existing studies in the area of legitimacy for start-up firms are solely concentrated on Western new ventures. Therefore, this study offers an insight of the symbolic actions taken by new ventures to build their legitimacy and obtain start-up financing in the context of Jordan by employing a case study of Technical Advisers Company. Mixed research methods were employed to conduct this study. Interviews were held with Technical Advisers Company Management team members. In addition, surveys were sent to banks in Jordan to investigate the factors they assess when providing a start-up loan. The findings show that new ventures in Jordan take symbolic actions that are similar to western start-ups with some actions are only practical in the context of Jordan due to the difference in culture. The outcomes also point-out that banks look for financial performance more than the characteristics of the firm and management team. Additionally, banks decision on providing start-up loans is shown to be linked with the religion of the country.
100. Design of Ijarah Sukuk
- Author
-
Rohmatunnisa, Dinna and Rohmatunnisa, Dinna
- Abstract
Compared to conventional bonds and total financial assets, the share of Islamic bonds is very small. However, since 2002 the issuance of this instrument has increased rapidly and it is expected to keep increasing in the future. The purpose of the dissertation is to discuss on Ijarah sukuk pricing, and on a review of the literature concerning Shariah and financial issues related to the instrument, as a basis to construct a financial model to price it. To build the formula for the Ijarah sukuk, three types of model are used: the model for leasing as illustrated by Schallheim (1994), McConnell and Schallheim (1983) and Myers, Dill and Bautista (1976); the formal mortgage system as illustrated by Ebrahim and Ahmed (2008), and the cost of capital in a non-interest economy by Mirakhor (1996). From the analysis of the above pricing model and also from review of Shariah and financial issues related to the instrument, it is concluded that the pricing of Ijarah sukuk is an analogy of conventional bond price with some adjustments such as the presence of SPV (Special Purpose Vehicle) fee, Legal and Shariah boards' fee, and operating expenses. This dissertation illustrates four types of formula based on the conditions in the contract, such as the Ijarah sukuk with (1) repurchase transaction held with certainty and with a predetermined price (2) repurchase transaction with certainty and the asset price follows geometric Brownian motion (gBm), (3) repurchase transaction with call option and with predetermined price, (4) repurchase transaction with call option and the asset price follows geometric Brownian motion (gBm).
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