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This research aims to situate the Social and Solidarity Economy (SSE) as an alternative to the capitalist economic system that has more and more weight and presence in the Basque socio-economic panoramaour public action space, in the field of socio-educational action as well. Specifically, our main objective is to analyse the reality of SSE socio-educational entities in the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country (ACBC). In terms of methodology, we would like to highlight the qualitative study through the review and analysis of 54 SSE projects in the ACBC during the period from November 2022 to March 2023, linked to social and labor insertion. The following elements have been taken as study dimensions: participating groups, areas of work, territory, geographical scope, volume of employment, permanence, source of financing, level of transparency, intercooperation and networks and movements for social transformation. Some of the results found indicate that, among other issues: economic projects with social purposes continue to grow and are resilient, more and more work sectors are covered, and bringing together these elements (economic and even environmental and social) is an opportunity for coherence and for a just social transformation as a means to confront capitalism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Much of the existing debate on social reproduction focuses on capitalist social relations or is framed around the distinction between the Global North and Global South. Using China, whose unique post‐1949 developmental trajectory embraces both elements of socialism and capitalism, this article aims to breakdown the dichotomy between capitalism and other economic systems and instead draw attention to the ways in which households, the state and market are interdependent. Drawing upon an ethnography conducted in two rural villages and three‐generational life history data, this article explores how the organization of reproductive work evolved in rural families against the backdrop of wider political and economic transformations since 1949. Through an examination of the inter‐linkages between productive and reproductive activities across three generations, it reveals that unpaid reproductive work, performed unambiguously by women, has been central to China's economic modernization in both the Mao and Post‐Mao eras. The organization of this reproductive work among women inside the households of each generation since 1949 is influenced by a combination of factors including the patrilocal and patrilineal kinship system, the social welfare context and the economic processes of a particular era. While confirming existing scholarship on migration and agrarian change, by revealing the household as a site of gendered and intergenerational negotiation, this article disputes a linear generational power shift in agrarian transformations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Numerous studies into nonviolent resistance have led to a broad but scattered understanding of why some of these movements erupt and succeed, while others do not. This article offers a multilevel framework of analysis to explain trajectories of nonviolent resistance in repressive regimes and illustrates this framework by analysing the potential of Russian domestic nonviolent resistance to the full-scale invasion of Ukraine. The proposed framework incorporates seven overarching factors identified in previous studies, namely the political and economic system, the international relations, the level of modernization, the distribution of power within society, and the grievances, resources and organizational capacity of the resistance group. Based on this framework, it is tentatively concluded that Russia's political and economic system, the limited power dispersion and the lack of organization among the opposition help to explain why no successful resistance has emerged. Additional case studies are required to further assess the framework's utility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on the itinerant print trade that actively involved the Alpine Tesini pedlars for more than three centuries (between the seventeenth and nineteenth centuries) and that profoundly influenced the cultural, social, and economic history of their home valley. The case study of the pedlars from the Tesino valley, in what is now the Trentino region of Northern Italy, offers a privileged perspective for analysing three interrelated broader questions: the dynamics and effects of mobility in Ancien Régime Alpine societies; the spread of cheap print in pre-modern Europe; and the economic system underlying this large-scale trade. Through the analysis of a corpus of previously overlooked notarial sources, this article aims to unravel the complex financial and credit mechanisms that enabled the Tesini pedlars to succeed, but which in many cases were also the cause of their downfall. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The plastic woven bag has become a symbolic representation of Indonesian women's identity since the trend increased in 2021. The plastic woven bag represents femininity and the image of women as a result of socio-cultural construction. The activity of weaving paradoxically puts women in both a central and a marginal role. The weaving industry is characterized by an increasing number of platforms for women to generate income and improve their economic welfare. Nevertheless, women are still faced with patriarchal domination, because the demands of their domestic role limit their ability to move freely in public space. Therefore, their status as homeworkers has subordinated women to the status of marginal breadwinners in the economic system. This research aims to reveal the marginalization of women in plastic woven bag SMEs (small and medium enterprises). This research also aims to analyze the environmental risks that are faced by women, families, and society due to the use of synthetic chemicals in the production of woven plastic bags. This research used the perspective of eco-feminism, Bourdieu's (1977) concept of habitus, and Ulrich Beck's concept of a risk society (2012) as analytical tools. This research used qualitative research methods, and it was conducted at SMEs (small and medium enterprises) that produce plastic woven bags in Sambirejo Village, Madiun Regency, East Java, Indonesia. The subjects in this research were women who run SMEs. This research found that the marginalization experienced by plastic woven bag craftswomen was divided into two domains-- the public (Woven House) and the domestic (household). Women still perceive the practice of marginalization as normal because of their pessimistic attitude and the Javanese philosophy of "nerimo ingpandum" (accepting one's lot in life as a gift of God). This study also concludes that environmental risks include the absence of waste management and the emergence of respiratory diseases suffered by some craftswomen. Therefore, it is necessary to have government policies and environmentalists' input to overcome the health problems experienced by craftswomen of these plastic woven bags. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Management international / International Management / Gestiòn Internacional is the property of Management International and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Laboratorio is the property of Universidad Diego Portales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Tax incentives are an important driving force for enterprises to ease financing constraints and promote innovation. Current studies focus on the tax-reduction effect of corporate tax incentive policies, paying less attention to the tax uncertainty engendered by tax reform. This study explores whether the predictability of corporate tax burdens is a key restrictive factor in corporate innovation. It focuses on the impact of tax uncertainty arising from the tax reform process on enterprise innovation, proposing a multidimensional measurement method to identify corporate tax uncertainty. The results show that tax uncertainty significantly inhibits corporate innovation and that its influence channels operate mainly through corporate financing constraints and information transparency. Further heterogeneity analysis reveals that a better regional economic system environment, greater tax enforcement effort, and digital transformation can restrain the negative impact of tax uncertainty on enterprise innovation. These findings enrich the literature on the factors influencing corporate innovation behavior and extend the research on tax reform, providing an innovative perspective for interpreting enterprises' tax burden. Furthermore, it offers practical implications for tax reduction reforms and guidelines for enterprise innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article explores the concept of system risk and the responsibility for managing it. It emphasizes the need to consider the unpriced costs of economic activity in decision-making to ensure efficient and sustainable resource allocation. The article discusses the use of system-level thinking in both the public and private sectors, particularly in financial markets, and the challenges and opportunities associated with it. It suggests that greater coordination and integration of system-level analysis is needed for effective risk management and resource allocation. Collaboration among investors and coordination with other stakeholders, as well as government support, are crucial for integrating system-level analysis into decision-making. The adoption of system-level thinking requires new skillsets, a collaborative approach, and greater transparency. [Extracted from the article]

Debt is a fundamental component of modern economic systems. It serves as a source of financing for government, business, and individual projects. Many earlier studies concentrated on the direct relationship between debt and economic performance using different econometric methodologies. This work investigates the effect of debt on production efficiency, extracted from the estimated production function. Unlike previous econometric approaches, we employ a production stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) on data for 18 OECD countries spanning from Quarter 1, 2015, to Quarter 3, 2021, to capture the short-run effect of debt on the production efficiency and, thus, output growth. The results show that, in the short run, as debt increases by $1 billion, efficiency increases by 0.04%. Additionally, we found that the most indebted countries are the most efficient countries. In our sample, those were the UK and France. Furthermore, the average efficiency for the 18 OECD countries was 70.07. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article, titled "A Comment on: 'Presidential Address: Economics and Measurement: New Measures to Model Decision Making' by Ingvild Almås, Orazio Attanasio, and Pamela Jervis," discusses the use of economic theory to develop new measurement tools and how the resulting data can be used to further develop economic theory. The author agrees with the address and focuses on the study of how economic agents perceive the economic environment. The article provides a concrete example of learning about a household's coefficient of relative risk aversion and discusses different approaches to measuring this parameter. It concludes by highlighting the importance of understanding how economic agents perceive their environment in order to make the best use of measurement tools. [Extracted from the article]

Japan has identified corporate governance as an important element in its attempt to reform its economic system. A combination of political will and sustained implementation by civil servants has produced a corporate governance code and associated mechanisms to sustain and refine the changes that have been introduced in order to raise corporate profitability and stimulate the whole national economy. Meanwhile, the direction of reform has shifted from an initially principles-based approach towards an increasingly proscriptive, rules-based one, favouring the interests of investors over those of other stakeholders. Whether this will achieve the desired results is increasingly being questioned within Japan and runs counter to experience from markets where shareholder primacy already prevails. Japan's own prior experience of trying to transplant laws and institutions from these markets suggests a need for caution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transitioning to a low‐carbon economy will entail sweeping transformations of energy and economic systems. A growing research body has raised concerns about the effect of such strain on financial stability. This literature on "financial transition risk" has highlighted that the conjunction of climate policy, technological change and shifts in consumption patterns may propagate to financial markets. In extreme cases, these dynamics may result in a "Climate‐Minsky" moment with systemic implications. The field has developed quickly, covering many methods and research questions. While this expansion in literature is advantageous when studying a complex issue like the low‐carbon transition, it also comes with downsides. The large number of methods hampers result comparison, and the integration of research designs. It also makes it difficult to provide a synthetic view of results in the literature as well as identify remaining uncertainties. To bridge these gaps, I propose a critical review of the literature. I examine three sub‐fields: the asset stranding literature, the direct assessment of transition risks through prospective models and the financial empirics of the low‐carbon transition. I expound their main results, critically assess underlying methodologies and propose a framework to compare results. The review ends by suggesting some avenues for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The integration of behavioral science into conservation science and climate science has enabled the development of both novel research questions and practical interventions. However, most behavioral interventions aim to change private, individual behaviors, rather than transform the political economic systems that drive current biodiversity, climate, and social crises. In this paper, we argue that closer collaboration between behavioral scientists working on biodiversity and climate issues, on the one hand, and advocates for radical alternatives to current political economic systems, on the other, could advance such needed systemic transformation. While the work of both groups is subject to some critique, we suggest that closer collaboration could enable the strengths of each to address the others' weaknesses. This complementarity is particularly true when behavioral interventions are co-designed with advocates and targeted towards powerful individuals whose behavior could affect systems-level transformation. We use the fossil fuel divestment movement as an illustrative example of one way in which this collaboration could be mutually beneficial, and then outline potential political, practical, and ethical implications that may accompany such collaborations in the biodiversity conservation and climate change fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on challenging the conventional belief that market mechanisms and socialism are inherently contradictory. It examines the arguments against market socialism, particularly those that claim it cannot align with socialist principles of collective ownership and equality. It emphasizes the potential for market socialism to achieve economic efficiency while promoting social justice and equitable distribution of resources.

John Stuart Mill is considered one of the most important representatives of the classical school of political economy. His intellectual development exhibited a gradual transition toward more socialistic views. This transition was partly the result of his interaction with French utopian socialists, which led Mill to theoretically construct an economic system lying between what is now called market capitalism and revolutionary socialism. For Mill, socialism would be a new organic period after the transitory and critical period of the "stationary state." This paper delineates the core tenets of Mill's stationary state and presents it as an early anticipation of what from the 1920s on is called "market socialism." Mill's optimistic vision of the stationary state was based on the spread of associations, the socialization of knowledge among all people, competition, and the importance of individuality. These elements are connected with Mill's idiosyncratic, liberal and utilitarianist vision of (market) socialism which prepares the ground for his socialist utopia based on the ideal "from each according to his capacities; to each according to his needs." [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Evaluation of urban environmental sustainability is an important prerequisite for scientific decision-making of urban sustainability. This paper proposed an evaluation method of urban environmental sustainability based on the integration of multi-improvement demands. Considering the interaction between the economic and social systems on the environmental system, this paper constructed an urban environmental sustainability evaluation indicator system from three dimensions: environmental foundation, environmental pollution, and environmental protection. Combined with the actual improvement demands of each city, a corresponding weighting method was constructed, and the weights of each city's individualized improvement demands were obtained through the analysis of indicator data. Further, in order to consider the fairness and guidance of the evaluation, the corresponding random simulation algorithm was matched for the individualized weights, and the evaluation value and the superiority probability in a stable state after multiple simulations were sought. Based on this, this paper conducted an empirical evaluation of urban environmental sustainability of the 14 cities in Liaoning Province, China. Through the demand-driven evaluation model, cities can obtain improvement suggestions that meet their demands while understanding their environmental sustainability level. It is convenient for top-down policy guidance and bottom-up practical exploration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between macroeconomic variables and the financial liquidity of companies. In this context, two main research questions were formulated. Firstly, which macroeconomic variables impact the financial liquidity of companies? Secondly, what is the direction and strength of the influence of these macroeconomic variables on the financial liquidity of companies? This study employed panel data analysis conducted on an unbalanced panel of 5327 Polish enterprises over the period 2003–2021. The primary research method employed was linear regression (pooled OLS) with robust standard errors clustered at the firm level. The main results of this study indicate that (1) the majority of macroeconomic variables, which illustrate the overall efficiency of the economic system (GDP per capita, ratio of foreign trade goods balance to GDP, CPI, and money supply), demonstrate a positive relationship with corporate liquidity; only the consumption-to-GDP ratio exhibits a negative relationship; (2) a positive relationship was observed between the number of building permits for housing and financial liquidity; (3) variables from the informal institutional environment indicate a positive relationship for the employment rate and a negative relationship for the share of the pre-working age population in the overall population; (4) the relationship between the ratio of internal expenditures on research and development to GDP and corporate liquidity is positive. This study addresses limitations of previous research by examining the impact of macroeconomic factors, particularly those from the institutional and technical environment, on corporate financial liquidity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relevance of this research is underscored by the intersection of criminology and investment rights protection at the current stage of the Republic of Kazakhstan's economic system. This study aims to analyze the existing mechanism of ensuring the protection of investment rights, particularly from a criminological perspective, focusing on legal frameworks and government strategies against economic crimes. Employing methods such as logical analysis, formal-legal, dogmatic, legal hermeneutics, and deduction, the research scrutinizes statistical data highlighting regions and industries in Kazakhstan attracting significant investments and the related criminological implications. The study reviews activities of state bodies, particularly the General Prosecutor's Office and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, in supporting significant investment projects while monitoring for economic crimes. A notable finding includes the government's plan to implement 265 investment projects worth 540 billion tenge, monitored for legal compliance by prosecutors to safeguard investment rights. Furthermore, an analysis was conducted on the joint decree and activity plan for supporting investment projects, establishing criminological competencies within the "one window" principle cooperation framework among the General Prosecutor's Office, authorized bodies, and Kazakh Invest. The practical significance of the obtained results lies in providing a criminological assessment of the current mechanism, which aims to enhance the efficiency and quantity of foreign investments while improving the safeguards against economic crimes in Kazakhstan's investment sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aims to examine the impact of liquidity creation per capita of tri-banking system and dual banking system on real economic output. Design/methodology/approach: This study applies the feasible generalized least square framework on the data set of 12 countries, 8 with tri-banking system and 4 with dual banking system over the 2013–2022 period. Findings: The findings show that for countries with tri-banking system, only liquidity creation by full-fledged Islamic Banks (FIBs) and hybrid conventional banks (HCBs) spurs real output, with the impact of HCBs being greater than that of FIBs. Nonetheless, for countries with dual banking system, both FIBs' and pure CBs' (PCBs) liquidity creation fosters real output. However, the impact of PCBs is slightly greater. Finally, Granger causality results confirm only the positive impact of the tri-banking system's liquidity creation on real output. Practical implications: For countries with tri-banking system, only HCBs' and FIBs' liquidity creation spurs real output. However, for countries with dual banking system, liquidity created by both FIBs and PCBs fosters real output. However, only liquidity created by tri-banking system has a unidirectional Granger causality with real output. Originality/value: To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first study that examines the impact of the banking subsystem liquidity creation on real economic output. Examining the impact of the liquidity created by this banking subsystem on the real economy is important for both regulators and policymakers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose. Analysis of importance of the labor market (LM) as a component of economic security (ES) and establishing the specifics of the impact of the labor market on economic security in crisis conditions. Methodology. The study used the following methods: comparative-statistical method – to assess the significance of influence of LM-indicators on ES; analysis and synthesis – to establish the need to reduce the time of ES-assessment; comparison – to identify the LM influence as a complex component of ES; critical analysis – to identify directions of change in the methodology of ES-assessment and establish that the value of the rate of change indicators should be significant for the level of ES. Findings. Comparison of the rate of change in indicators of the ES-index and their importance provides the possibility of ranking threats according to the level of danger. New threats to ES, which are due to threats to LM, have been identified. The level of correlation of institutionally implemented indicators of LM with the level of ES is lower than the level of correlation of other indicators of LM, the correlation of which with other macroeconomic indicators at the same time is significant. The peculiarities and features of LM as a component of ES are determined. Originality. It is indicated that the rate of change in the ES-index indicator forms a new type of ES-threat. It is indicated that changes in external influences have increased the complex significance of threats of LM for ES and determine the need to include this component in the calculation of the ES-index. Practical value. The proposed approach creates the basis for relevant determination of the level of ES and for prompt directing of efforts and resources to eliminate serious threats of ES. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper aims to trace the contours of Islamic political economy (IPE) for last four decades with the help of bibliometric analysis. This method does not focus on in-depth literature. However, it reviews more material content of the published papers in the field, generally including the number of publications, authors, title, H-Index and authors' affiliation. Design/methodology/approach: The authors use biblioshiny by R in conducting bibliometric analysis. Based on the results of analysis, the authors only found 39 relevant documents to the topic with the help of keyword of "Islamic political economy". The authors analyse the data and visualize it into bibliometric images for the convenience of the readers. Findings: There are 39 documents on IPE in the annual scientific production. The year 1980 had the lowest productivity at 3% while the year 2007 showed an increase in scientific productivity by 13%. The most significant increase in production occurred between 2014 and 2015 by 8%, while the most significant decline occurred between 2007 and 2008 by 10%. The most significant contributors are Akan, T., Choudhury, M.A. and Asutay, M. According to the Corresponding Author's Country, the UK has eight articles on IPE. Humanomics is the most influential Journal, with six documents. Research limitations/implications: This research only examines documents sourced from Web of Science and Scopus under the title "Islamic political economy" and does not include articles from other sources. This research has implications for future researchers and suggests a shift in recent research on IPE towards exploring current realities and expanding beyond traditional economic and political aspects. The goal is to gain a comprehensive understanding of Islam's role in shaping economic and political systems, promoting inclusive sustainable development and social justice, and exploring its relationship with broader political and economic systems. Originality/value: IPE has become a trendy topic in the early days, the second half of the 20th century, during the revival of the Islamic mode of finance and development. However, with time, the discussion on this topic appeared less in scientific and academic publications; this issue needs an overview of how far this discipline has evolved. This work aims to identify future research trends in this area. Scholars should investigate articles by author, institution, country, databases, data sources with high-impact factors and objective metrics to get new perspectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A critical debate on whether macro economies would achieve sustainability targets via green innovations could reach some informed consensus, given it is explicit how those innovations, directly and indirectly, interact with both economic and ecological systems through international economic activities. To unriddle this puzzle, this work is the initial attempt to examine how green innovation moderates the influence of economic openness and export diversification on eco‐efficiency in selected 13 European Union (EU) economies from 1995 to 2014. We employ advanced second‐generation econometric approaches robust to cross‐section dependence, slope heterogeneity, and the omitted variable bias concerns in panel data. The main results are firstly, economic openness and export diversification tend to deteriorate eco‐efficiency in the absence of a green innovation moderator. Secondly, in green innovation moderation models, both economic openness and export diversification are likely to improve eco‐efficiency. Thirdly, green innovation not only directly promotes eco‐efficiency but also positively moderates the influence of economic openness and export diversification on eco‐efficiency. Fourthly, a one‐way causality exists from green innovation moderators to eco‐efficiency, while economic openness, export diversification, green innovation, and other control variables establish a two‐way causal relationship with eco‐efficiency. Finally, for green innovation in place, the policy shocks of economic openness and export diversification are predicted to achieve the eco‐efficiency effects in more than 1 year in the EU members, while green innovation catalyses this convergence speed. Besides, economic openness and export diversification policies should be integrated with the green innovation framework to achieve eco‐efficiency for sustainable development [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper aims to investigate how embedding accounting techniques of cost and budgeting within the Australian National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) potentially perpetuates colonial practices for Australian First Nations people living in remote areas. Further, the paper aims to explore how accounting might help to integrate the unique modes of accountability First Nations people have over disability care into the NDIS funding system. Ultimately, the aim is to discern whether accounting practices can be mobilised as a means to decolonising the NDIS framework. Design/methodology/approach: This study uses a qualitative methodology to analyse public hearings from the Australian Disability Royal Commission. Drawing on Bhabha's (1994) concept of the "third space", this study investigates how accounting techniques can be used to potentially decolonise the NDIS. This study also borrows Bhabha's (1994) concept of the third space to explore the potential for decolonising the NDIS through accounting techniques. Findings: Findings show that the accounting techniques pertaining to funding and costs embedded within the NDIS contribute to displacing and disconnecting First Nations people from their cultural practices and ways of life. Further, the analysis reveals that the NDIS funding system could help to decolonise the NDIS space if it were modified to incorporate First Nations' perspectives on accountability for disability care. Originality/value: The case of the NDIS exposes glimpses of colonisation in contemporary Australia, where Western institutional and economic systems dominate over the structure and authority of the practice. In this paper, this study demonstrates that the accounting system used by the NDIS plays a role in marginalising First Nations people. However, accounting, as a technology of negotiation, could also be mobilised to enhance accountability for disability care outcomes and pave the way for decolonising public policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Investigación Económica is the property of Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Facultad de Economia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The nexus between the financial system and economic development is an issue that is as important for economic theory as it is for economic policy. This article provides a theoretical and empirical analysis of the standard literature that uses Joseph A. Schumpeter as an academic patron. The starting point of our study is the theoretical finding that Schumpeter is misinterpreted in the finance and growth literature. We show that this leads to puzzling empirical results and difficulties in explaining even fundamental relationships. After a critical analysis of the literature, we provide our own empirical analysis using a panel of 43 countries to explore the relationships between finance and growth variables based on a truly Schumpeterian and thus monetary growth model. Our empirical analysis shows that (i) dynamic credit variables are better at describing the finance and growth nexus than static credit variables, (ii) as saving is not a prerequisite for credit, we do not find a statistically significant relationship between household saving and gross domestic product (GDP) growth, and (iii) in line with the empirical literature, we find a bi-directional relationship between credit and GDP growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We conducted interviews with parents earning low wages to understand their experiences related to financial responsibilities and use of government and informal resources in Raleigh, North Carolina. Inadequate economic opportunities and assistance programs, and high costs of living, compounded into cycles of playing catch up on expenses. Assistance programs aimed at alleviating hardships related to poverty were described as piecemeal. We found that social and economic systems failed to support parents earning low wages. Our findings suggest that ordinances that assure a livable minimum wage paired with expansions of safety net programs could better meet the needs these parents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The object of research is managerial economics, which is considered as a component of economic theory. The scientific problem is that there are such concepts as management and managerial economics, which are tangential and somewhat overlapping. Managerial economics is included in the structure of the economic system as a separate component. It is also proven that managerial economics is a systemic entity and has the following levels: global, macro-, meso-, micro- and nano-. The study defined these levels and outlined the use of the global (international) and macro levels. Analysis of these categories is necessary for understanding the governance and governance conditions of global and national economies. The essence of the obtained results is that the existing system of managing international relations is inflexible and difficult to solve the global problems of humanity. And the management of national economies must correspond to the strategic development plans of a particular nation. These obtained results can be explained by the immobility of management structures and the need to revise the global economic order. At the state level, there should be levers for regulating economic relations. It was noted in the work that society is a set of people united at a certain stage of historical development by one or another economic relations that determine all other social relations. The economic life of society consists of various phenomena and processes, the essence of which must be sought in social production. The concept of «managerial economics» is often used to characterize the regulation of social production. There are different approaches to defining the content of managerial economics. First, managerial economy is considered as regulation by a set of industries and types of material production. Secondly, a system of regulation of productive forces and production relations is usually associated with managerial economics. Thirdly, managerial economics regulates the conditions for achieving equilibrium and cyclicality of social production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Every year in Italy, influenza affects about 4 million people. Almost 5% of them are hospitalised. During peak illness, enormous pressure is placed on healthcare and economic systems. This study aims to quantify the clinical and economic burden of severe influenza during 5 epidemic seasons (2014–2019) from administrative claims data. Methods: Patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of influenza between October 2014, and April 2019, were analyzed. Clinical characteristics and administrative information were retrieved from health-related Administrative Databases (ADs) of 4 Italian Local Health Units (LHUs). The date of first admission was set as the Index Date (ID). A follow-up period of six months after ID was considered to account for complications and re-hospitalizations, while a lookback period (2 years before ID) was set to assess the prevalence of underlying comorbidities. Results: Out of 2,333 patients with severe influenza, 44.1% were adults ≥ 65, and 25.6% young individuals aged 0–17. 46.8% had comorbidities (i.e., were at risk), mainly cardiovascular and metabolic diseases (45.3%), and chronic conditions (24.7%). The highest hospitalization rates were among the elderly (≥ 75) and the young individuals (0–17), and were 37.6 and 19.5/100,000 inhabitants/year, respectively. The average hospital stay was 8 days (IQR: 14 − 4). It was higher for older individuals (≥ 65 years, 11 days, [17 − 6]) and for those with comorbidities (9 days, [16 − 6]), p-value < 0.001. Similarly, mortality was higher in elderly and those at risk (p-value < 0.001). Respiratory complications occurred in 12.7% of patients, and cardiovascular disorders in 5.9%. Total influenza-related costs were €9.7 million with hospitalization accounting for 95% of them. 47.3% of hospitalization costs were associated with individuals ≥ 65 and 52.9% with patients at risk. The average hospitalisation cost per patient was € 4,007. Conclusions: This retrospective study showed that during the 2014–2019 influenza seasons in Italy, individuals of extreme ages and those with pre-existing medical conditions, were more likely to be hospitalized with severe influenza. Together with complications and ageing, they worsen patient's outcome and may lead to a prolonged hospitalization, thus increasing healthcare utilization and costs. Our data generate real-world evidence on the burden of influenza, useful to inform public health decision-making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given the intricate interactions among the economy, land use, and transportation, it is important to assess the multifaceted impacts of the freight corridor on these systems. This study introduces a land‐use transport interaction (LUTI) modeling approach to quantify the scope and magnitude of the impact of a railway corridor on the distribution of freight flows within an intermodal service network and industrial locations. The proposed model operates on two levels to analyze regional interactions between industrial locations and transportation dynamics. The upper‐level model simulates the industrial interactions among regions. Meanwhile, at the lower level, interregional trade connections are converted into freight demand, which is then assigned to a transportation network. Calibration of the trip length distribution is achieved by integrating data from truck GPS, railway waybills, and ship visas to develop a connection between the intermodal service networks and economic systems. The improved model offers a LUTI modeling approach tailored for the context of intermodal transportation, considering economies of scale associated with intermodal transportation services. It can not only analyze the impact of a freight corridor on freight flow redistribution but also identify areas that may be adversely affected by such redistributions. Taking the Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB) as a case study, study results indicate significant enhancements in the economies of scale of railway services within the middle part of the YREB due to the development of the Haoji Railway Corridor (HRC). These changes significantly influence the location utility of industrial activities, with the coal processing activities demonstrating the most sensitivity to the evolving transportation dynamics. This study offers insights into LUTI modeling approaches specifically tailored for intermodal transportation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From 1828 until its liberation at the outset of the American Civil War in 1861, the slave-jail complex built by the domestic slave-trading firm of Franklin & Armfield at 1315 Duke Street in Alexandria, Virginia, facilitated a fundamental transformation in American slavery. It was used to industrialize the domestic slave trade; however, it also witnessed moments of agency and power, as individuals negotiated oppressive legal, social, and economic systems. These systems were not static, and when these supporting frameworks were disrupted in moments of change, existing tensions and contradictions erupted. As the site was transformed from a slave jail to a military prison and then again as the war ended, the systems that supported slavery and white supremacy were laid bare in moments of tension before retreating to take on new forms. As the City of Alexandria transforms this site into a museum, we confront these tensions in the present. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The economic crisis that began in 2008 caused an increase in skilled Spanish emigration, including scientists, many of whom settled in the United Kingdom. The objective of this article is to analyse the perspectives of a group of Spanish scientists regarding remaining in the United Kingdom or returning to Spain during the economic crisis in order to better understand this dilemma faced by this type of highly-qualified migrant. A qualitative method strategy was employed through semi-structured in-depth interviews carried out with 20 researchers. The results of the study show that, although the idea and desire to return was a recurring theme brought up by the researchers interviewed, the majority of them lean towards remaining in the United Kingdom. Professional and family/personal factors emerged when the interviewees discuss whether to return or remain. However, the study revealed that the professional aspect is a central factor in the issue of return. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Debt-based trade and economic exchanges are becoming more and more widespread in the context of post-Soviet Central Asian societies. In the absence of viable state economic support, a functional banking system, and an effective legal system, trust-based economic exchanges serve as an alternative means for conducting micro-level businesses in Central Asia. The phenomenon of "rassiychilar," which is the central focus of this article, is one of the intriguing examples of debt-based trade in rural Fergana, Uzbekistan. This debt-based trade involves a myriad of informal economic exchanges among various actors, locally and transnationally. The article argues that trust-based economic networks and debt-based trade serve as an alternative means of doing business in rural post-socialist contexts characterized by legal uncertainty, rampant corruption, and an inefficient economic and banking system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents Luigi Pasinetti's theoretical system by foregrounding (i) the multiple forms of interdependence between specialised production activities, and the representations of economic structure associated with each form of interdependence (e.g., horizontal vs. vertical); (ii) the coordination requirements imposed on interdependent activities by the need to achieve systemic goals such as full employment and full utilization of production capacity; (iii) the bounded open-endedness of the proportions between activities that satisfy such requirements; (iv) the distinction between the coordination requirements imposed by economic structure and the contextual conditions that may or may not make it possible to satisfy those requirements; and hence (v) the different socio-political and institutional arrangements that may be compatible with different systemic objectives. In this light, the essay introduces a collection of articles published in Structural Change and Economic Dynamics that explores the interfaces between Pasinetti's work and multiple lines of research in economics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The major crises that hit the world economy in the last 15 years caused a growing presence of the state in the economy. Deep crises almost inevitably give rise to growing public interventions to avoid the collapse of the economic and social system. However, the demand for more state interventions does not make it less important to be concerned about the extension and quality of these interventions in order to contain their possible negative effects on the economy as a whole. The paper is an attempt at dealing with these issues by using a simple growth model inspired by Domar's contributions. The main result is that state interventions can produce positive effects on the economy by not simply increasing aggregate demand but, most of all, by contributing to raise the productivity and the rate of growth of the economy. An objective that can be realized by mainly devoting public outlays to investment in physical and human capital (defined as productive public expenditures). • The crises that recently hit the world economy caused a growing presence of the state in the economy. • The issue is dealt with by focusing on the effects of public spending on the economy's growth rate. • Public spending can positively affect the growth rate by raising the economy's productivity. • Productivity is raised by concentrating outlays on investment in physical and human capital. • At higher growth rates the ratio Public Debt/GDP can be stabilized in spite of primary deficits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Pasinetti's Natural Economic System gives an important reference to the analysis of the structural changes in a growing economy. • The natural rate of profit is given by the rate of profit to the wage (r w) in our Sraffian aggregate model. • The pure labour theory of value is compatible with the positive rate of profit in the aggregates. • The standard productivity index gives the base to combine the changes in sectoral labour productivities, the average productivity, income distribution, and commodity prices. Pasinetti's (1981) natural economic system is a central idea of Pasinetti's structural economic dynamics, which explains various features of a growing economy, focusing on an evolving structure of commodity prices, an evolving structure of production, and the time pass of the wage rate and the rate of profit (Pasinetti, 1981 , p.128). It exhibits three core properties: first, the sum of the growth rate of the quantity of labour and the growth rate of demand or the growth rate of labour productivity determines the rate of profit (the natural rate of profit). Second, under a 'positive' natural rate of profit, the quantity of labour commanded by a commodity equals the quantity of labour embodied in the commodity (a pure labour theory of value). Finally, equal rewards should be paid for equal amounts of homogenous labour (the basic principle of equal rewards). These core properties were examined, using our Sraffian discrete-time models corresponding to the three cases. The first model explains the simple case of a growing economy with no technical change and an invariant composition of demand. The second model treats the difference between the actual net product and the standard net product, assuming no technical change and an invariant composition of demand. The third model explains the occurrence of technical progress in a growing economy. The validity of three core properties of the natural economic system in Pasinetti (1981) is examined by three Sraffian models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study deals with the results from the 2018–2023 fieldwork at the cemetery of Hala Sultan Tekke. The aim of the project is the safeguarding, excavation, recording, and study of tombs exposed to farming, erosion, and looting. The stratigraphy of the tombs that were used over generations represents an excellent complement to the sequence of occupation in the city. The mortuary gifts and personal belongings date mainly to the fifteenth to thirteenth centuries BCE and confirm far-reaching trade, further underlining the role of the city as a trading center in the Mediterranean economic system. The material evidence corroborates connections with societies of the Mycenaean, Minoan, Hittite, Levantine, and Egyptian spheres of culture as well as networks with regions as far away as Sardinia, the Baltic Sea, Mesopotamia, Afghanistan, and India. In addition, several find contexts provide valuable information about the complex mortuary customs of the Late Cypriot period. *Warning: This article deals with human bones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article illuminates an intellectual puzzle of how South Korean cooperative movements attempt to overcome the dilemma between localistic practices and the value of internationalism. Moving beyond anti-capitalistic debates of building links globally, the cooperative movement brings Fair Trade products from developing countries to consumer cooperatives in South Korea, resulting in a scaling up of community economies globally and forging real international solidarity. Engaging with feminist theories put forward by Gibson-Graham and their collaborators, this article calls upon an expanded feminist politics that challenge the "spatial bounding" of community economies that are often joined with localistic practices. Born as one of the most significant forms of community economies to address the economic precarity of grassroots farmers and workers during the Asian Financial Crisis of 1997, iCOOP was set up as a consumer cooperative federation to support local Korean producers with alternative market linkage. Through Fair Trade movement, iCOOP serves as an interesting case to overcome localistic practices and nurture the value of internationalism. This article develops an expanded feminist politics of community economies to confront the tendency of localistic practices by providing four layers of analysis: value, campaign tactics, new governance structure, and scaling solidarity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The urban–rural gap remains to be one fundamental inequality in modern China; however, the symbolic boundary derived from such socioeconomic inequality is less examined. Centre on two parallel initiatives aimed at cultural empowerment for rural China—independent bookstores and public-subsidized libraries—this study tries to explicate the multidimensional nature of boundaries and emphasize the cultural mechanism of boundary reproduction under institutional layering environment. We draw from policy trajectories, media discourse, and first-hand interviews in two villages, and reveal that despite the idealized portrayal of bookstores as a public cultural centre for empowerment, the symbolic construction wielded by cultural entrepreneurs is not sufficient in dissolving social differences in a digitalized society. Local villagers are not part of the "cultural consumption as identity building" ritual therefore being excluded from an urban-and-consumption culture-oriented space. Moreover, local villagers adopt differentiated interpretive strategies towards culture-led regeneration projects, so that "rural culture" is merely the swirl of an empty signal in Baudrillard's sense that does not bear the symbolic efficacy promoted by top-down initiatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This article summarizes the most important results in the main areas of activity of the Baikal Institute of Nature Management, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences (BINM SB RAS). From the very beginning, the institute was focused on comprehensively solving environmental problems, which have transformed into the scientific concept of "sustainable development." Interest in the issue of sustainable development of regions has not diminished in recent decades; in fact, it is ever increasing due to the processes of globalization. While in the first years of existence of the institute the problems of development of individual regions and individual aspects of the concept of sustainable development were discussed, the problems of integration of natural, economic, and social components of balanced spatial development at the level of macroregions along corridors such as the Silk and Tea Road, the Steppe Route, the China‒Mongolia‒Russia Economic Corridor, etc., are currently being solved. The concept of sustainable development involves an analysis of resource potential, the implementation of social programs, and the development of new environmentally sound technologies and materials. These directions are a strategic basis for the economic development of society in modern conditions. New approaches to the creation of sustainable ecological and economic systems are based on multidisciplinary knowledge and the results of long-term research performed by BINM SB RAS scientists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on the creation of the zine "Respectable," which satirically portrays a family of clowns raising their child to be well-adjusted to capitalism.

Copyright of Hitit Journal of Economics & Politics / Hitit Ekonomi ve Politika Dergisi is the property of Hitit Journal of Economics & Politics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper presents a model of scientific approach to problem solving. The model is based on a gradual approach, preparation, resolution, verification and improvement of solutions. Each of the steps in the process of solving a problem or task requires thorough consideration and analysis after which the question "satisfied?". The affirmative answer points to the next, while the negative requires further analysis or a return to one of the previous steps. The presented approach can be successfully used to solve problems and tasks in economic systems and in scientific research in general. The presented model confirmed its simplicity and practicality in concrete scientific research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The political economy plays an important role in good governance with institutionalisation and environmental scanning. This can assist in alleviating social injustice and reducing income inequality in an emerging economy, alongside an expanded formal sector and equitable growth. Macroeconomic stability can lead to favourable outcomes for the overall socio-economic landscape of a country, depending upon the effectiveness of a circular economy. Implementation of SDG-10 is vital for the social and financial inclusion of the people. This study examines whether the circular economy can contribute to achieving a substantial, planned and participatory democracy, thereby advancing institutional participation through good governance to attain macroeconomic stability. We found that contributory and participatory governance arrangements are essential for pro-people government and can be regarded as a criterion for effective participation. This can be facilitated through the circular economy to achieve macroeconomic stability dynamics in an emerging economy like Bangladesh. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of International Journal of Organizations / Revista Internacional de Organizaciones (RIO) is the property of Analisi Social i Organitzativa grup de recerca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

As John R. Commons taught us nearly 100 years ago and has been reinforced by scholars like Warren Samuels in the middle and late twentieth century, legal and economic systems co—evolve with each other and co—determine the performance we observe. In a recent Supreme Court Case, PennEast Pipeline Co. v. New Jersey, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that a pipeline developer may use the federal government's legal power of eminent domain to seize state property, should they obtain the appropriate certificate from the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC). A Hohfeldian jural relations framework as developed by Klammer and Scorsone is used to explore the social nature of property as illustrated in the case, highlighting the implications of differing interpretations of the Natural Gas Act and other legal doctrine for the State of New Jersey, PennEast, the FERC, and other property interests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document is an introduction to a collection of essays honoring Anastasios Xepapadeas, a retired professor of economic theory and policy with a focus on environmental economics. Xepapadeas made significant contributions to the field through his use of advanced methodologies, such as game theory and robust control, to analyze environmental problems. The essays in this collection cover various topics related to Xepapadeas' research, including the design of emissions taxes, carbon leakage in international agreements, economic growth and the environment, biodiversity valuation, and group decision making in environmental policy. These essays demonstrate the diversity and importance of Xepapadeas' work, although they only represent a portion of his extensive contributions to research and policy advice in environmental economics. [Extracted from the article]

In this article, we present a modification to the Economic Dispatch (ED) model that addresses the non-convex nature of the cost curves associated with a Combined Cycle Power Plant (CCPP). Incorporating a binary variable provides greater precision in solving the combinatorial problem in only one simulation and, most importantly, demonstrates cost minimization among the three different cost curve models for dispatching the CCPP. Our results highlight the importance of considering different demand scenarios based on a reference forecast for one day ahead. Therefore, piecewise modeling is more feasible for solving the non-convex problem, showing greater accuracy regarding the operational state of the CCPP and avoiding the cost overestimation that occurs with traditional models. Moreover, it allows the operators to manage costs better and optimize generation potential, ultimately showing economic benefits for the system operator. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]