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Over the past two decades, there has been a growing shift away from the Social Model of Disability (SMD) in both theory and practice. This article aims to substantiate the relevance of SMD by addressing the main arguments against it and by identifying why and for whom it is still relevant. In the introductory section, we focus on the recent production of multiple disability models in order to contextualize their emergence and elucidate the reasons behind their proliferation. In the main section of the article, we critically engage with three lines of criticism against SMD in order to explain why it remains relevant and for whom. Our main point is that, in the context of the neoliberal capitalist era, the SMD is indispensable for all disabled persons who have been denied their dignity, both in material and cultural terms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The study on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of disabled patients is rare but critical for welfare of patients. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of fixed implants in edentulous areas on OHRQoL in Korean disabled patients. Methods: The OHRQoL of 63 disabled individuals was evaluated using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP)-14 questionnaires and studied by potential affecting variables such as age, sex, disability severity, and time of disability acquisition. Wilcoxon-signed rank tests were used to examine the OHIP-14 scores for those who had pre/post-fixed implants. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to examine the relationships between factors and OHIP-14 scores before and after implants. A partial correlation analysis was also performed to determine which variables influenced OHIP-14 scores before and after treatment. The Mann-Whitney test was employed for sex and time of disability acquisition analysis (α = 0.05). Results: Significant improvement was found in OHIP-14 post-implant treatment scores (P <.001). After implant treatment, the severity of disability produced significantly different results (P =.009). Pearson's correlation coefficient between severity of disability and pre/post-implant OHIP-14 scores was 0.265 (P =.030). After controlling for severity of disability, the results showed older patients had lower OHIP-14 scores (P =.032). No differences were found for sex or time of disability acquisition (congenital vs. acquired). Conclusions: Fixed implant treatment improved OHRQoL for disabled patients, and the severity of disability was positively correlated with improvement of OHRQoL. For patients with a similar level of disability, the OHRQoL decreased with age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the beginning of the industrial revolution, the problems of working life in general have been discussed in many dimensions both nationally and internationally. Although it seems like a lot of progress has been made to the point reached today, it still maintains its topicality as an important area of discussion. In the shadow of the discussions about the individual's ability to continue his daily life and the need for a job worthy of human dignity, another issue that comes to the fore is the difficulties faced by the disadvantaged in the system. The definition of working life as a competitive and constantly high performance oriented field makes the process even more difficult for the disabled. In this context, this current study focused on the experiences of visually impaired individuals in their working life and tried to address their evaluations of these experiences. In the study carried out with a qualitative research design, 10 visually impaired specialists working in the field of mental health were reached. Based on the research findings, it has been seen that besides being visually impaired, the opportunities provided by their institutions, the characteristics and needs of their clients are also determinative in the shaping of the professional experience of the specialists in terms of their working environment and the ability to transfer their professional roles to practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this research, we examined the efforts of nonprofit organizations (NPOs) involved in the expansion of transportation services to socially disadvantaged groups in Los Angeles—the disabled, low income, new immigrants, and racially minoritized groups. To better understand their efforts and the organizational and structural factors affecting their involvement, 10 NPOs were interviewed between March and July 2020. Those interviews were transcribed and qualitatively analyzed. The qualitative data analysis revealed that partnering with disinvested communities requires a focus on language equity where information should be available in a language that members of the disadvantaged community understand. Moreover, NPOs agreed that diversity and the city size complicate transportation equity. NPOs' perception of the City of Los Angeles's role in advancing all-inclusive transportation is mixed. Even though nonprofit organizations acknowledge the City's commitment to developing robust transit systems, most are critical of the City's strategies and sense of urgency to provide a transportation system tailored to the transportation-disadvantaged. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bylye Gody is the property of Cherkas Global University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Disabled people are special social groups that are more exposed to deprivation and lack of benefit from social opportunities and facilities due to physical or mental defects. The current research was conducted with the aim of sociological analysis and understanding of the lived experience of disabled people in Ahvaz city in facing family and society. Method: This research is of a qualitative type and uses data-foundation theory. The statistical population of the research is all people with disabilities over 15 years of age in Ahvaz city who visited rehabilitation centers, welfare and disabled people's association in the first quarter of 1401. The necessary qualitative data were collected using "semi-structured interviews". Findings: The results obtained from the bio-experiment of the disabled show that their understanding of the family's encounter with disability is based on kindness, psychological measures, meeting needs, pity, excessive support, imposing restrictions, feeling powerless, denying disability. Their needs have been suppressed and neglected. Also, the codes of verbal abuse, physical abuse, social exclusion, social interaction, violation and lack of law, lack of executive guarantee, lack of fun and entertainment, transportation challenges and job inequality are among the categories of their perception and understanding of the society's encounter with the disabled and It was their disability. Discussion: In short, it can be said that the interviewed disabled people did not have much confidence in society's positive attitude towards disability, and they preferred seclusion, loneliness and isolation in the face of society. Also, in relation to social interactions, they did not have much communication and they considered the lack of awareness of the people of the society about the rights of the disabled and how to deal with them as very important and effective.

Table tennis is a sport that is enjoyed by many, including those with physical and intellectual disabilities. This scoping review summarised the current test protocols for assessing table tennis technical proficiency in individuals with disabilities. Relevant articles were searched through four databases (Scopus, PubMed, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science) covering three key aspects: disability, table tennis, and technical proficiency. The search resulted in 14 studies included for data extraction, covering physical impairments, intellectual disability, and development coordination disorder. Almost all studies (93%) were conducted on well-trained para-table tennis athletes competing in high-level competitions. There exist protocols to assess service accuracy and stroke accuracy, hand–eye coordination, quality of specific skills and ball control, functional reach, and trunk rotation. The forehand topspin and backhand topspin drives were tested the most. Table tennis robots and video cameras are the common equipment used. Moving forward, future research should develop technical proficiency tests for players across all competency levels. The skill assessment criteria and scoring methods should be standardised and clearly explained. The validity and reliability of tests should be established. Lastly, there is great potential in using artificial intelligence to enhance the assessment of table tennis proficiency in individuals with disabilities.

Over the past two decades, there has been a growing shift away from the Social Model of Disability (SMD) in both theory and practice. This article aims to substantiate the relevance of SMD by addressing the main arguments against it and by identifying why and for whom it is still relevant. In the introductory section, we focus on the recent production of multiple disability models in order to contextualize their emergence and elucidate the reasons behind their proliferation. In the main section of the article, we critically engage with three lines of criticism against SMD in order to explain why it remains relevant and for whom. Our main point is that, in the context of the neoliberal capitalist era, the SMD is indispensable for all disabled persons who have been denied their dignity, both in material and cultural terms.

Copyright of Akofena is the property of Universite Felix Houphouet Boigny and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In light of Afghan environmental legislation and policy, the goal of this study is to analyze the citizenship rights of individuals with disabilities in the urban environment. It examines the issues faced by the disabled, particularly the physically challenged, who live in Afghanistan's cities in order to achieve this goal. The government's existing laws and regulations also include preparing for these issues. A descriptive-analytical approach has been adopted in the investigation. In this regard, the researcher has utilized the library study method to explain the concepts and give a theoretical framework to assess the course of domestic legislation after evaluating the development of domestic and international laws. This article comes to the conclusion that the physical and administrative requirements of disabled people cannot be met in Afghan cities. Think about the sidewalks. In reality, a wheelchair user is unable to use the sidewalks. Wheelchair users' rights have been violated as a result of the obstacles that the town has put in place to keep motorcycles off the pavements. Think about the sidewalks; in reality, a wheelchair user cannot utilize them. The right of wheelchair users has essentially been infringed due to the obstructions put in place by the municipality to prevent motorcycle riders from using the sidewalks. There are few organizations in the road and construction engineering sector, particularly in government departments, that have measured the essential facilities and measures for the disabled in their structures. The law of motion is one of the acknowledged tenets among philosophers. They hold the view that everything in the universe is in motion and that each living thing is gradually evolving to realize its potential. Therefore, all facets of society should have access to the amenities required for advancement. This rule applies to everyone, including those with disabilities, and the urban environment must be created and modified in a way that allows them to utilize all of its amenities. The road system in every city is what connects all of the metropolitan areas, and by making it accessible to people with disabilities, many of their difficulties are resolved. In cities, disabled persons are assessed. The necessary design requirements for people with disabilities are then presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Academic Social Science Studies is the property of Journal of Academic Social Science Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Mediterranean Journal of Sport Science (MJSS) is the property of Mediterranean Journal of Sport Science (MJSS) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Black Sea / Karadeniz is the property of Black Sea / Karadeniz and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of ROL Sport Sciences / ROL Spor Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Journal of ROL Sport Sciences / ROL Spor Bilimleri Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

England's "right to roam" continues to be a misnomer which is uneven in scope and inclusivity. While the Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000 opened access to privately owned mountains, moors, heaths, and downs, the changes were not as bold as they at first seemed and access was still restricted. The 2000 Act was representative of the contemporary atmosphere in which concern for accessibility and inclusivity was strongly qualified, with a focus on non-disabled walkers at the expense of others. Though physical disabilities were now better catered for, much less was said about intellectual disabilities, race, ethnicity, place, income, and transport. Such issues have gathered increased awareness in recent years, but more remains to be done if access to the countryside is to be more equal. This article examines how "right to roam" and access legislation developed, and how engagement with disabled people was limited from the outset. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a recent systemic review of research on Disabled*1 students in Higher Education (HE), Kutscher and Tuckwiller (2019) highlighted the lack of any intersectional examination of disability and argued that research examining the intersections of disability and gender, race, sexuality, et cetera. are urgently needed. In the UK, a House of Lords Committee released a report that highlighted the many disadvantages still faced by Disabled students in UK HE, highlighting issues around access, support, and performance - finding that there is an attainment gap for Disabled students in UK HE (Hector et al., 2020). This article uses intersectionality as critical social theory (Collins, 2019) in the examination of the success (or otherwise) of Disabled women in HE in the UK. Defining "success" as completing a degree and attaining "Good Honours", the aim is to identify how the success of Disabled women students in the UK compares to non-disabled women, Disabled men, and nondisabled men. The findings suggest that there are intersectional disadvantages for Disabled women students; suggesting that there is an attainment gap for Undergraduate students and differences in the likelihood they continue and gain their intended award at postgraduate taught level. This paper is the first to examine the intersectional effects of gender and disability in UK HE students, and as well demonstrating this it highlights areas for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Selcuk University Social Sciences Institute / Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi is the property of Journal of Selcuk University Social Sciences Institute and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Using a narrative approach framed by social constructionism, we partnered with an adaptive physical activity (PA) program to explore the underlying meanings constructed around disability and the adaptive PA experience for individuals with a broad array of disabilities, including cognitive/intellectual, neurological, and developmental and physical. In doing so, we were able to gain new and more inclusive perspectives on the pathways between adaptive PA and health. Our results showed that the partnering adaptive PA program and its volunteers adhered primarily to a quest narrative, which was often taken up and reproduced by the adaptive PA participants and their families. The quest narrative allowed for the individuals with disabilities to reframe their sense of self-identity, revise meanings around their disability, and connect on a deeper level to the world around them, all of which led to increased feelings of joy, freedom, transformation, hope, and overall improved health-related quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While Romania has undergone huge progress during the last 30 years, the situation of marginalized groups hasn't progressed as well as the country's rapid economic development. The plight of vulnerable groups such as unhoused people, persons with disabilities, and the LGBTQ community continues to be a source of social turbulence, as they are consistently facing exclusion. Authorities do not prioritize their integration within society and there is a lack of policies to deal with these issues, leading to the appearance of extremely polarizing movements such as the 2018 referendum initiative to ban same-sex unions. This paper aims to analyze three case studies where advocacy organizations championed the cause of the above-mentioned groups, in order to increase visibility, representation, and integration, and pinpoint best practices for organizations advocating on behalf of disadvantaged groups. The three main best practices we have learned regarding advocacy projects targeting public policy for marginalized groups are: a. always put a local group at the center of the project, b. bring outside partners or mentors who can bring advocacy skills to the project, c. look for other, supplemental, positive outcomes, that usually tend to come up in the work with marginalized groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thirty years after the passage of the Americans with Disabilities Act, people with disabilities still face significant barriers to transportation access. Nearly one-third of disabled people describe inadequate transportation as a problem in their lives, and many major transportation systems have large accessibility gaps. In the San Francisco Bay Area, home to Silicon Valley and the 2010s tech boom, new mobility services are particularly widespread. TNCs, for example, make up approximately 25% of peak-hour traffic in Downtown San Francisco. San Francisco also has a well-established bike-share system and was among the first cities in the country to see hundreds of scooters on its streets and sidewalks. In light of the prevalence of these services and the significant transportation needs of the disability community, this project examines perceptions of new mobility among disabled people in San Francisco and makes recommendations for improving transportation access for people with disabilities.

Physical inactivity is a major 21st century public health problem for people with disabilities. The practice of sport in an augmented reality environment appears to be an interesting alternative to promote physical practice for people with disabilities. In this article, our research study will be based on the one hand on the impact and the capacity to increase motivation in rehabilitation by augmented reality (AR) with this population and on the other hand on the degree of acceptability of physical activity (PA) using avatars modeled in three dimensions (3D).

This study explored: 1) the understanding and skills of teachers in managing PAI learning based on religious moderation for people with disabilities; 2) the form of religious moderation in the teaching of PAI based on religious moderation for people with disabilities; and 3) factors that influence the teaching of religious moderation in religious moderation-based PAI teaching for people with disabilities. Descriptive qualitative field research method was used in this study. The results of the study revealed that: 1) The ability of teachers in carrying out learning was quite good; 2) The forms of religious moderation that are accustomed to the extraordinary schools of Bengkulu city, including attitudes of tolerance, tolerance, egalitarian (equality), caring (empathy), compassion and mutual help or mutual assistance, and responsibility; and 3) Factors that influence the implementation of Islamic religious education learning activities based on religious moderation for the disabled at special schools in Bengkulu city, including supporting factors (stakeholder commitment, facilities and infrastructure, rules and curriculum) and inhibiting factors (knowledge, parental commitment), and teacher commitment).

Copyright of Turkish Studies - Social Sciences is the property of Electronic Turkish Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The inclusion of people with disabilities in the labor market is seen by many companies as just a legal obligation, after the publication of Law n° 8.213/91, also known as the Law of Quotas, which determines that people with disabilities occupy from 2% to 5% of the workforce of companies with 100 employees or more. Thus, this article proposes to report the difficulties for the inclusion of PWD in companies, identify needs for adaptations to welcome these people and also identify the turnover of PWDs. As a methodology, qualitative research was used and the method used in the analysis of the results was a bibliographical and exploratory research, to identify answers for such objectives. It is concluded that, with the inclusion of people with disabilities, companies do have a financial and cultural investment, but they can also have a positive return, mainly for society and for the PCD itself, which goes from being dependent on a benefit to being a provider of their own sustenance. At the end of the day, if well received, PWD have real possibilities of productivity, just like any other employee without a disability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the effect of light stimulation exercises on attention focus (visualauditory), lactic acid, and skilled hand speed of wheelchair basketball players. Methods: We used the experimental method on 24 wheelchair players who were divided into two groups, the first experimental (N = 12; age, 20.58 ± 0.90 years; training, 4.71 ± 0.62 years). The other was a control (N = 12; age, 20.67 ± 0.62 years; training, 4.77 ± 0.58 years). Lactic acid was measured by Lactate Pro 2 Blood Lactate Meter, attention focus (visual-auditory) was measured using the Li Lafayette Instrument 63035, and skilled hand speed was assessed with the Modified Y-Test for Measuring Skill Hand Speed (Three-Zone Shooting). The proposed program was applied over 10 weeks at a rate of four weekly training units. Results: Results showed improvement in the level of attention focus (R.H; LH) at a rate of (p = 0.001) and a decrease in the level of lactic acid BE, AE (1,3,5 Min) with a value of P = 0.001 (P<0.05). The modified three-zone shooting T-test showed an improvement (p = 0.001) in favor of post-measurements of the variables under study for the experimental group of wheelchair basketball players. The experimental group was superior to the control group, as it showed an improvement in the level of attention focus (R.H; LH) at a rate of (p = 0.000) and a decrease in the level of lactic acid BE with a value of p = 0.002, AE (1,3,5 Min)P=0.000. The modified three-zone correction T-test showed improvement (p = 0.000) for wheelchair basketball players. Conclusions: We suggested that the light stimulus can be used in a more appropriate and effective way in training of wheelchair basketball players. This primarily applies to decision-making which is often more challenging during specific sports performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Izmir Katip Celebi University Faculty of Health Sciences Journal / İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Izmir Katip Celebi University, Faculty of Health Sciene Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Izmir Katip Celebi University Faculty of Health Sciences Journal / İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Izmir Katip Celebi University, Faculty of Health Sciene Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background and Aim: Physical and mental disorders are abundantly observed in veterans and disabled people, and in addition to causing concern, they have very adverse effects on various aspects of their lives. Considering that physical and mental health can play an important role in the general health of veterans and disabled people, it is vital to address these aspects. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to predict social trust, self-control, and self-efficacy based on the level of physical activity in veterans and disabled people. Methods: The method of the study was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population was composed of veterans and disabled people of Yazd province. One hundred and nine people (62 veterans and 47 disabled) were selected as a statistical sample using the convenient method. Sharkey's physical activity (1997), Tanji's selfcontrol (2004), Safarinia and Sharif's social trust (2009), and Sherer et al.'s self-efficacy (1982) scales were used to examine the research variables. Data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient to determine the relationship between variables and simple linear regression to predict variables. Results: The findings showed that physical activity level scores can significantly predict self-control (r = 0.39) and social trust (r = 0.31) variables in veterans and disabled people (P<0.01). However, due to the low correlation with the self-efficacy variable (r = 0.14), the level of physical activity does not have the ability to predict this variable (P = 0.19) significantly. Conclusion: According to the results, it is suggested that appropriate planning should be considered for the participation of veterans and disabled people in regular physical activities to increase self-control and social trust and consequently increase life quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined the influence of information-seeking behavior on library services used by the disabled in Federal universities in South-west, Nigeria. Survey research design was adopted for the study. The population comprises 302 disabled students in Federal universities in South-west, Nigeria. Total enumeration technique was used. A questionnaire was used for data collection. The instrument was tested for reliability, yielding Cronbach's alpha coefficients ranging from 0.74 to 0.75. Descriptive and Inferential Statistics were used to analyze the data. The findings revealed that advisory, carrel and consultancy services were the most available services. The most used services were user education services and consultancy services. The respondents' information-seeking behavior mostly involves seeking information on health and retrieving information from the e-library. The study concluded that information-seeking behavior influenced the use of library services of disabled students. The study recommended that library management must provide more resources on healthrelated subjects, especially in electronic form. Finally, the management should improve their current awareness services tailored to the needs of disabled students and library staff should be trained on how to serve every library user irrespective of their challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Diversitas Journal is the property of Diversitas Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of International Journal of Legal & Comparative Jurisprudence Studies (LCJS) / Mağallaẗ al-Duwaliyyaẗ Li-&-Dirāsāt al-Qānūniyyaẗ Wa-al-Fiqhiyyaẗ al-Muqāranaẗ is the property of Refaad for Studies, Research & Development and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Academic Inquiries / Akademik Incelemeler Dergisi is the property of Akademik Incelemeler Dergisi (Journal of Academic Inquiries) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Employment is an effective factor in each person's life. In particular, the employment of the disabled should be specifically attended by the authorities considering their equal chance of opportunity in society, access to job, and preventing discrimination. The aim of current research is to analyze the public policy making in the field of disabled employment in Iran. The study uses descriptive-analytic approach through systemic analysis. The research tried to employ CIPP method and theory of justice as fairness, to support the possibilities of disabled employment. Also, the design, execution, and the results of the policies in the same subject are investigated. The findings indicated that there is weakness in the area of execution, and as the situation of the disabled is improving, so more supervision should be done. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Disabled people are special social groups that are more exposed to deprivation and lack of benefit from social opportunities and facilities due to physical or mental defects. The current research was conducted with the aim of sociological analysis and understanding of the lived experience of disabled people in Ahvaz city in facing family and society. Method: This research is of a qualitative type and uses data-foundation theory. The statistical population of the research is all people with disabilities over 15 years of age in Ahvaz city who visited rehabilitation centers, welfare and disabled people's association in the first quarter of 1401. The necessary qualitative data were collected using "semi-structured interviews". Finding: The results obtained from the bio-experiment of the disabled show that their understanding of the family's encounter with disability is based on kindness, psychological measures, meeting needs, pity, excessive support, imposing restrictions, feeling powerless, denying disability. Their needs have been suppressed and neglected. Also, the codes of verbal abuse, physical abuse, social exclusion, social interaction, violation and lack of law, lack of executive guarantee, lack of fun and entertainment, transportation challenges and job inequality are among the categories of their perception and understanding of the society's encounter with the disabled and It was their disability. Discussion: In short, it can be said that the interviewed disabled people did not have much confidence in society's positive attitude towards disability, and they preferred seclusion, loneliness and isolation in the face of society. Also, in relation to social interactions, they did not have much communication and they considered the lack of awareness of the people of the society about the rights of the disabled and how to deal with them as very important and effective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There has been a problem of accessibility since human existence. The formation of a standard design for the disabled is a problem not only in Gostivar but also in many cities around the world. This problem has started to be discussed in recent years with the evaluation of accessibility within the framework of human rights. Determining the factors on this subject is of interest to many different disciplines. However, the role of the architect is very important in the process of applying the required standards. If accessibility is evaluated in all aspects during the design process, there will be no need for additional investment. It will be easier to ensure the accessibility of buildings. However, the adaptation period of the accessibility of existing buildings takes time and requires additional investments. The aim of this study is to investigate the standards of arranging the physical space of the city, which is a public space, in order for the disabled to integrate with the society without encountering any obstacles in the society, and to test these standards with application examples. The main aim is to enable disabled people (without accompanying person) to use urban spaces and buildings independently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With an increasing number of developed nations adopting elements of the social model of disability, early childhood intervention practice has evolved to place greater emphasis on an inclusive, ecological, and strength-based framework. Recent music therapy literature seems to align with this shift in policy and demonstrates how family-centered strategies can be promoted in homes. Although music therapy researchers have conducted studies in kindergartens and childcares, which are also fundamental naturalistic settings for children with disabilities, the overall breadth and nature of practice in these settings is unclear and has not been collated. This scoping review aims to identify the key characteristics of music therapy research in preschool settings that include children with disabilities, subsequently identifying key publication details, participants, therapeutic aims, outcome measures, study designs, preschool settings, delivery models, and choice of music therapy methods. A total of 19 peer-reviewed journal articles from 1988 to 2020 met inclusion and exclusion criteria, with more than half of the studies published during the last 15 years. Evaluation of these 19 studies reveals how funding policies and educational systems seem to inherently inform the application of music therapy research in early learning centers. Developmental perspectives and objectivist study designs underpin many of the included sources, with majority of the outcomes demonstrating music therapy's positive impact upon a child's development. Researchers outside of the United States should give greater focus to early childhood and collect data from preschools within their respective countries to broaden awareness on how music therapy can support children with disabilities in naturalistic settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of SPORMETRE: The Journal of Physical Education & Sport Sciences / Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of SPORMETRE: The Journal of Physical Education & Sport Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Severe gastrointestinal symptoms are one of the main reasons for switching from conventional artificial tube feeding to blenderized tube feeding (BTF). This study aimed to describe and quantify the impact of BTF on gastrointestinal symptoms in children and adults. We analyzed four databases (PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar). The review was performed following the PRISMA extension for Scoping Reviews checklist. The methodological quality of articles was assessed following the NIH quality assessment tools. The initial search yielded 535 articles and, after removing duplicates and off-topic articles, 12 met the inclusion criteria. All included papers unanimously converged in defining an improvement of gastrointestinal symptoms during blenderized feeding: the eight studies involving pediatric cohorts report a decrease from 30 to over 50% in gagging and retching after commencing BTF. Similar rates are reported for constipation and diarrhea improvement in most critically ill adults. Experimental studies and particularly randomized controlled trials are needed to develop robust evidence on the effectiveness of BTF in gastrointestinal symptom improvement with prolonged follow-up and adequate medical monitoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present day, the fact of migration has become an important issue that concerns almost the whole world. In many parts of the world and as a result of internal turmoil, wars, economic, political, and social turmoil, generally, in poor, underdeveloped, or developing countries, migration evolves into unpleasant scenes, particularly in the Middle East and in many other countries throughout the world. This situation shakes the countries both materially and morally. This article intends to study the individuals with disabilities who are forced to migrate and thus become refugees/asylum seekers/immigrants suffering from huge problems and the problems they encounter. Refugees with disabilities have many apparent and non-apparent problems, such as accommodation, exposure to discrimination, health and access to health services, employment, and education. Considering that even a healthy person would face many problems as a refugee, the problems of accommodation, nutrition, health, education, and employment increase exponentially for a person with a disability who becomes a refugee. Individuals with disabilities, who are already in need of care of others in many aspects during their everyday life, lose the right to live a decent life when they become refugees/immigrants/asylum seekers. This study examines mainly the problems of immigrants with disabilities in Türkiye as well as the standpoint of the world and the European Union with disabled immigrants. With the European Union norms and all international conventions, it has been recurrently stated that individuals with disabilities should be aided without discrimination on language, religion, race, gender, or citizenship/nationality. Sect to ensure these individuals are protected, treated equally with other individuals, and maintains their lives with dignity. Most of the studies performed on immigrants with disabilities, particularly those made in the European Union countries, express that official surveys and scientific studies on disabled immigrants are very few or insufficient. In this respect, it is not possible to state in this study that official, correct and valid figures can be adequately obtained with access to resources on immigrants with disabilities since they are not available. In many countries, adequate records, information, documents, and numerical data on immigrants with disabilities are not available or are incomplete. It has been observed that the data and resources on refugees with disabilities in the European Union are quite inadequate. This fact constituted the biggest limitation on the study. Accessible data, official figures and information are mostly obtained from disabled statistics and official sources in the EU and Turkiye. We endeavoured to review all literature that is relevant to our subject and accessible for us. Another matter that sounds interesting is that many studies conducted in the United States focused on the contribution of immigrants to the US economy and that immigration has been dealt with from this aspect. It is globally known that Turkiye has suffered a constant influx of immigrants due to its geographical location. Nowadays, Turkiye is the country hosting the maximum number of refugees throughout the world. Regarding the results of our study, education and school are out of reach for most immigrants living in Turkiye. Refugee children and youth do not go to school. Refugees with disabilities are not furnished with adequate information about non-governmental organizations that defend their rights. There are limited studies on handicapped immigrants in the world, in the European Union and Turkiye. Even though all international institutions in the world and their recommendations state that disabled refugees should be protected, these individuals cannot easily access shelter, health, education, employment and rehabilitation services. When these problems combined with the language barriers and financial hardships come in, the vast majority of disabled people have significant difficulties in coping with these problems. Based on these reasons, refugees are considered "unemployable" in terms of employment. The most important point this study intends to emphasise is to attract attention to the necessity of employing at least certain number of the handicapped refugees in European countries so that the EU countries lend assistance to Turkiye regarding the employment of disabled refugees, so that these individuals will live and hold on to life in a decent way and the burden on Turkiye can be alleviated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]