2,994 results on '"débit"'
Search Results
52. FLOW THROUGH CRUMP WEIR.
- Author
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A., BRAKENI, E. G., FILIPPOV, and M., MERIDJA
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WEIRS ,DISCHARGE coefficient ,HYDRAULICS ,SPILLWAYS ,HYDRAULIC structures - Abstract
Copyright of Larhyss Journal is the property of Biskra University, Research Laboratory in Subterranean & Surface Hydraulics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
53. SUPERENDIVIDAMENTO DO CONSUMIDOR: PREVENÇÃO E TRATAMENTO SOB O PRISMA DA DIGNIDADE DA PESSOA HUMANA.
- Author
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Pereira, Andressa and Vetis Zaganelli, Margareth
- Subjects
- *
SOCIAL impact , *DIGNITY , *CONSUMERS , *DEBT - Abstract
Current analysis investigates the theme of the highly indebted consumer, a worldwide phenomenon that endangers the dignity of the human person, or rather, the consumer. The descriptive, bibliographical and documentary analysis deals with the phenomenon and its possible causes, coupled to social and juridical implications. It also describes how the issue is being solved within juridical stances and the manner Brazilian law is treating the issue. Current analysis underscores that consumers' high debts is such a big issue that it requires legal tools to face it to warrant the dignity of the human person and instruments from other sciences which bring forth methods that would solve the issue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
54. Effect of the Air Flow Angle on a Microbubble Generator with a Spherical Body.
- Author
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Warjito and Alwaini, Umar Gifari
- Subjects
HYDRAULICS ,MICROBUBBLES ,AIR flow ,RESERVOIRS ,FLOW meters - Abstract
This research has been carried out on the characteristics of a microbubble generator in a spherical body. It aims to study the influence of the air flow angle on generated bubble characteristics. A water loop system consisting of a water reservoir, an observation box, a pump, water and air flow meters, valves and a test section is used. The test section is a microbubble generator in the shape of a spherical body. Three types of microbubble generator with various air flow angles have been used as a test section at various water flowrates, air flowrates and height of water in reservoir. The tested parameter significantly influences the number and the size of the bubbles. Increasing the air flowrate increases the size of the bubbles, while increasing the water flowrate increases the number of microbubbles. The effect of the air flow angle in the microbubble generator is significant. A Microbubble generator with a 45° air flow angle produces a larger size of bubbles compared to a direct (0° air flow angle) microbubble generator. A microbubble generator with a 90° air flow angle could not suck up the air more than 0.1 lpm, so it is inefficient to produce bubble. From this study it is concluded that a microbubble generator is capable of producing microbubbles and the number and the size of bubbles is affected by the air flow angle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
55. Performansi Purifikasi Biogas Dengan KOH Based Absorbent
- Author
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Dadang Hermawan, Nurkholis Hamidi, and Mega Nur Sasongko
- Subjects
Biogas ,Debit ,Long Live Bubble ,Composition KOH Solution ,Diameter Bubble ,Mechanical engineering and machinery ,TJ1-1570 - Abstract
The absorpstion of CO2 is aimed to increase the methane gas fraction in biogas. Enhancing methane fraction hopefully will increase the total energy of the biogas it self. The purification process of biogas minimizing another elements maintains combustion, especially minimizing H2O, CO2, and H2S. The purification using KOH as the absorbent to decrease the CO2. The result shown that the content of CO2 decreased into 27% from 35.5%, the average content of CH4 increased from 18% to 48.5%. Increasing KOH composition decreases bubble generator diameter and mass flow.
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- 2016
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56. Особенности геологического моделирования шельфовых резервуаров Сургутского района: оценка запасов, ранжирование фаций
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фации ,дебит ,добыча ,facies ,запасы ,layered clay content ,слоистая глинистость ,production ,нефть ,oil ,debit ,reserves - Abstract
Многие месторождения Сургутского нефтегазоносного района находятся на поздних стадиях разработки. Однако, не всегда оценка запасов углеводородов является достоверной, а геолого-технологические мероприятия по извлечению нефти (ГТМ) показывают свою эффективность. Связано это с подходами к геологическому моделированию резервуаров и осложняющими факторами для проведения целевых ГТМ (высокая разбуренность и выработанность запасов). В связи с этим возникает необходимость точной оценки запасов углеводородов; локализации остаточных запасов по площади и оценки успешности проведения ГТМ, что может быть решено с помощью ранжирования фаций. В работе продемонстрирована оценка запасов углеводородного сырья с использованием коэффициента слоистой глинистости; проведено ранжирование фаций по нефтенасыщенным толщинам, фильтрационно-емкостным свойствам, начальным дебитам нефти; накопленной добыче на скважину. Результаты моделирования показали, что использование параметра слоистой глинистости приводит к существенному уточнению запасов. Результаты ранжирования фаций показали, что ГТМ рекомендуется проводить в зонах развития фаций I-II-ого рангов при наличии в них остаточных запасов., Many fields in the Surgut oil and gas region are in the late stages of development. However, the assessment of hydrocarbon reserves is not always reliable, and geological and technological measures for oil recovery (GTO) show their effectiveness. This is due to approaches to geological modeling of reservoirs and complicating factors for conducting targeted well interventions (high drilling and depletion of reserves). In this regard, there is a need for an accurate assessment of hydrocarbon reserves; localization of residual reserves by area and assessment of the success of geological and technical operations, which can be solved using the ranking of facies. The paper demonstrates the assessment of hydrocarbon reserves using the coefficient of layered clay content (χsh); the ranking of facies by oil-saturated thicknesses, porosity and permeability properties, initial oil production rates was carried out; cumulative production per well. The simulation results showed that the use of the parameter χhl leads to a significant refinement of reserves. The results of facies ranking showed that it is recommended to carry out geological and technical operations in the zones of development of facies of the I-II ranks (facies of the beach, mouth and barrier bars) in the presence of residual reserves in them., Нефтяная провинция, Выпуск 2 (34) 2023, Pages 67-84
- Published
- 2023
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57. Numerical Solution of an Inverse Problem of Filtration
- Author
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P.N. Vabishchevich, V.I. Vasil’ev, M.V. Vasil'eva, and D.Ya. Nikiforov
- Subjects
filtration ,inverse problem ,debit ,bottomhole pressure ,finite element method ,unstructured grids ,Mathematics ,QA1-939 - Abstract
A numerical method is suggested to solve the multidimensional inverse problem for the fluid flow in a porous media in order to determine the flow rates by the given bottomhole pressure. Approximation by space is based on the finite element method that allows simulation in unstructured grids with refinement near the location of wells. Discretization by time is performed with the use of implicit difference approximation. The numerical results for two- and three-dimensional test problems are presented.
- Published
- 2015
58. ФІЛЬТРАЦІЯ ВУГЛЕВОДНІВ КЕРНАМИ ПОРИСТОГО СЕРЕДОВИЩА В ПОЛІ АКУСТИЧНИХ КОЛИВАНЬ
- Subjects
фільтрація вуглеводнів ,пористе середовище ,акустичні коливання ,свердловина ,навколо фільтрова область ,дебіт ,hydrocarbon filtration ,porous medium ,acoustic oscillations ,well ,around the filter area ,debit - Abstract
Purpose. The task was to investigate the effect of acoustic oscillations on the filtration ofhydrocarbons by the core of a porous medium for different pressures. The paper present theresults of an experimental study of hydrocarbon filtration by a porous medium core in thepresence of acoustic oscillations with the frequency of 2,7 kHz. Porous sandstone cores with aheight of 18 mm and a diameter of 53 mm were studied. The core holder was filled with engineoil which contained a piezoelectric acoustic oscillator, the electrical signal to the emitter wasgenerated by a generator and amplifier. During the studied filtration, the core was located atthe bottom of the core holder, which was filled with liquid hydrocarbons, which were used asengine oil.The aim was to investigate the effect of acoustic oscillations on the filtration of hydrocarbonsin a porous medium. For this purpose, an experimental setup, amplifier and piezoelectricemitter of acoustic oscillations were made, sandstone cores were prepared, experiments wereperformed and the mass of the filtered liquid was estimated.Methodology. An experimental study of the effect of acoustic oscillations with a frequencyof 2.7 KHz on the filtration of hydrocarbons by a sandstone core for different pressures wasperformed in laboratory conditions. Amplified oscillations from the electronic generator wereapplied to the piezoelectric emitter located in the core holder, which was filled with motor oil,the pressure in the oil was changed using a reducer and manometers. The mass of core-filteredoil was measured by electronic scales.Originality. It has been established that acoustic oscillations effectively affect the filtrationof hydrocarbons in porous media and increase filtration by tens of percent.Findings and practical implications. Experiments have shown that acoustic oscillations ina porous medium filled with hydrocarbons increase the filtration of hydrocarbons. The use ofacoustic oscillations for processing around the filter space of wells will increase the flow rateof wells.Experiments have shown that in the presence of acoustic oscillation, the filtration of engineoil by the sandstone core increase by tens % relative to the amount of filtration in the absenceof acoustic oscillations.Relevance of the topic. Increasing the flow rate of wells is an important scientific andpractical task, its solution can be cleaning the filter zone from clogging and improving thefiltration of useful fluid Under the action of acoustic oscillations.Keywords: hydrocarbon filtration; porous medium; acoustic oscillations; well; around thefilter area; debit., Мета та завдання. Була поставлена мета дослідити вплив акустичних коливань нафільтрацію вуглеводнів пористим середовищем. Для цього було виготовленоекспериментальну установку, підсилювач та пʼєзовипромінювач акустичних коливань;підготовлені керни піщаника, виконані досліди та проведена оцінка маси фільтрованоїрідини.Методи дослідження. В лабораторних умовах виконане експериментальнедослідження впливу акустичних коливань частотою 2.7 кГц на фільтрацію вуглеводнівкерном піщаника для різних тисків. Підсилені коливання від електронного генератораподавались на пʼзовипромінювач розташований в кернотримачі, який був заповнениймоторним мастилом; тиск в мастилі змінювали за допомогою редуктора таманометрів. Маса фільтрованого керном мастила вимірювалось електроннимитерезами.Наукова новизна. Встановлено, що акустичні коливання ефективно впливають нафільтрацію вуглеводнів пористим середовищем і збільшують фільтрацію на десяткипроцентів.Висновки та практичне значення. Досліди показали, що акустичні коливання впористому середовищі заповненому вуглеводнями підвищують фільтрацію вуглеводнів.Використання акустичних коливань для обробки навколо фільтрового просторусвердловин дозволить підвищити дебіт свердловин.Ключові слова: фільтрація вуглеводнів; пористе середовище; акустичні коливання;свердловина; навколо фільтрова область; дебіт.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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59. NEW APPROCH FOR THE NORMAL DEPTH COMPUTATION IN A TRAPEZOIDAL OPEN CHANNEL USING THE ROUGH MODEL METHOD.
- Author
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M., LAKEHAL and B., ACHOUR
- Subjects
BATHYMETRY ,HYDRAULICS ,SURFACE roughness - Abstract
Copyright of Larhyss Journal is the property of Biskra University, Research Laboratory in Subterranean & Surface Hydraulics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2017
60. Role of Self Help Groups (SHGS) in Empowerment of Women in District Bandipora of Jammu and Kashmir
- Author
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Manzoor, Shazia and Ganie, Zahoor Ahmad
- Published
- 2014
61. Reproduction de l’esturgeon jaune dans la rivière Saint-François : un exemple de participation des peuples autochtones à la conservation d’une espèce emblématique
- Author
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Samuel Dufour-Pelletier, Philippe Brodeur, Émilie Paquin, and Michel La Haye
- Subjects
Social Sciences and Humanities ,Computer Networks and Communications ,débit ,esturgeon jaune ,Abenaki ,frayère ,lake sturgeon ,rivière Saint-François ,Saint-François River ,Hardware and Architecture ,Abénakis ,Sciences Humaines et Sociales ,flow rate ,spawning ground ,Software - Abstract
La reproduction de l’esturgeon jaune (Acipenser fulvescens) à la centrale hydroélectrique de Drummondville, sur la rivière Saint-François, a été étudiée par la communauté abénakise d’Odanak de 2012 à 2018. Les zones de déposition d’oeufs ont été localisées et le contingent reproducteur, la production larvaire ainsi que le pourcentage de succès reproducteur ont été estimés. Cette étude visait à déterminer si les différences interannuelles de l’abondance des reproducteurs et des larves étaient influencées par le débit ou la température de l’eau. De 54 à 188 reproducteurs ont utilisé 3 sites de déposition d’oeufs. Le nombre de larves produites variait de 8 953 à 44 218, selon les années, représentant un succès reproducteur variant de 0,29 % à 4,59 %. Les résultats suggèrent que l’abondance des reproducteurs était influencée positivement par le débit pendant la migration printanière et que les nombres de reproducteurs et de larves n’étaient pas influencés par la température de l’eau. Les plus grandes abondances de larves ont été mesurées lors de débits stables d’environ 85 m3/s durant la dérive larvaire. Grâce aux travaux effectués par la communauté abénakise d’Odanak, la présente étude a permis d’orienter la gestion de la pêche et du débit afin de soutenir la conservation de cette espèce., The Abenaki First Nation of Odanak studied lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) reproduction in the Saint-François River (Québec, Canada), just downstream of the Drummondville hydroelectric plant, from 2012 to 2018. The spawning population was assessed, egg deposition sites were located, and larval production and reproductive success were estimated. This study aimed to determine if interannual variability in the abundance of spawners and larvae were influenced by water flow rate and temperature. Between 54 and 188 spawners used 3 separate sites for egg deposition. The number of larvae produced differed between years, ranging from 8,953 to 44,218, representing a reproductive success ranging from 0.29% to 4.59%. The results suggest that the river flow rate during migration positively influenced annual spawner abundance. However, water temperature did not affect the number of spawners or larvae. The highest larval abundance values were observed under a stable flow rate of 85 m3/s during larval drift. Thanks to the work conducted by the Abenaki community of Odanak, it has been possible to inform and guide fishery and water flow management to support and enhance lake sturgeon conservation.
- Published
- 2021
62. Quduqlarni gazogidrodinamik tadqiqotlarga tayyorlash
- Author
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Karimov, Siroj Shodiyevich, Obidov, Hamid Olimovich, Karimov, Siroj Shodiyevich, and Obidov, Hamid Olimovich
- Abstract
Quduqlarda ilgari qabul qilingan parametrlarni tekshirish va ularni konni ishlatish jarayonida o‘zgarish qonuniyatlarini belgilash, agar tekshirilayotgan parametrlardagi o‘zgarishlar jiddiy bo‘lsa, loyihaviy ko‘rsatkichlarga tegishli o‘zgartirishlar kiritish haqida bayon etilgan.
- Published
- 2022
63. Quduqlardagi qum tiqinlarini bartaraf qilish usullari
- Author
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Toshev, Sherzod Orziyevich, Sharopov, Farrux Furqat o’g’li, Toshev, Sherzod Orziyevich, and Sharopov, Farrux Furqat o’g’li
- Abstract
Qatlamdan neft va gazni qazib olish jarayonlarida ko’plab qiyinchiliklar va asoratlar kuzatiladi. Ularni oldini olish bartaraf qilishga qaraganda samarali hisoblanadi. Shu qiyinchiliklardan biri qum tiqini hosil bo’lishi muammosi hisoblanib, uni oldini olishga qaramay hosil bo’lganda yuvish usullari ushbu maqolada bayon qilingan.
- Published
- 2022
64. Prévision hydrologique à court terme par réseaux de neurones artificiels pour différentes combinaisons, spatialisations et sources des intrants.
- Author
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Leconte, Robert, Jougla, Renaud, Leconte, Robert, and Jougla, Renaud
- Abstract
Le potentiel de l’utilisation des réseaux de neurones artificiels en prévision hydrologique à court terme (un à sept jours à l’avance) a été démontré dans plusieurs études. Toutefois, les exemples d’utilisation en opérationnel restent limités et la compréhension de l’intérêt de plusieurs variables d’intrants au modèle pas encore entièrement déterminée. Le rôle de la spatialisation des intrants dans ce type de modèle n’est pas connu. Cette thèse examine le rôle de différents intrants, de leur discrétisation spatiale à un modèle de prévision hydrologique à court terme. Elle vise également à confronter différentes sources de données utilisées comme intrants au modèle. Le modèle de réseaux de neurones développé est un modèle à rétropropagation avec une couche cachée à six neurones. Quatre bassins versants situés en Nouvelle Angleterre (Androscoggin et Susquehanna) ou dans le sud du Québec (Au saumon et Magog) servent de cas d’étude pour faire la prévision durant l’été, défini du 1er mai au 31 octobre. Le modèle de prévision hydrologique vise à prévoir le débit au pas de temps journalier. Au minimum une variable météorologique et une variable d’état sont utilisées comme intrants au modèle ; la variable d’état est aussi mise à jour à chaque pas de temps en étant une sortie du modèle. Deux environnements de travail sont exploités. L’environnement virtuel sert à identifier les variables d’intrants et la spatialisation les plus pertinentes pour la prévision hydrologique à court terme sur les bassins à l’étude. Le modèle hydrologique à base physique HYDROTEL est utilisé pour générer des séries de pseudo-observations hydrométéorologiques sur chaque site d’étude. Les expériences menées dans cet environnement virtuel révèlent que la meilleure configuration d’intrants utilise la température, la précipitation, l’humidité du sol en surface et le débit. De plus, elles révèlent que les modèles global et spatialisé ont des résultats équivalents. Basé sur les résultats obtenus en envir
- Published
- 2022
65. Analisis Pintu Air Untuk Meningkatkan Kinerja Irigasi Pada Daerah Irigasi Kampili Kabupaten Gowa
- Author
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Musa, Ratna
- Subjects
Selisih debit ,Debit ,Kinerja irigasi - Abstract
Terkait dengan meningkatkan kinerja irigasi maka perlu dilakukan kegiatan inventarisasi pintu air irigasi serta analisis terhadap pintu air irigasi sehingga jumlah air yang dibagi dan disalurkan sesuai dengan kebutuhan air di bagian hilir pintu tersebut. Metode penelitian dimulai dengan inventarisasi kondisi pintu dan pengukuran lapangan untuk mendapatkandata debit yang selanjutnya diolah menjadi koefisien debit (Cd). Pengukuran debit pada saluran dilakukan dengan membagi lebar saluran menjadi sejumlah segment, dengan lebar dapat dibuat sama atau berbeda. Kecepatan aliran dan kedalaman air dapat diukur masing-masing segment, yaitu pada vertical yang mewakili segment tersebut. Debit di setiap segment dihitung dengan mengalikan kecepatan rerata dan luas tampang aliranya. Debit saluaran adalah jumlah debit diseluruh segment, sehingga dapat di analisis pada pintu air dengan membandingkan debit pada saluran dengan debit standar pada pintu. Data yang didapat dari hasil pengukuran dilapangan yaitu, kedalaman aliran, luas penampang saluran dan kecepatan aliran yang diukur menggunakan alat current meter selanjutnya dihitung debit aliranya. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa ada beberapa selisih debit antara debit hasil pengukuran dengan debit standar. Hal ini diakibatkan oleh kerusakan pada pintu, dan adanya kebocoran.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
66. Análisis y seguimiento a los procesos de conciliación bancaria de la Universidad de Córdoba
- Author
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Morelo Causil, Sebastian José and Olivo Escalona, Julio Cesar
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Gravamen ,Credit ,Partida conciliatoria ,Financial performances ,Conciliación ,Partida doble ,Seven ,Assessment ,Crédito ,Conciliation ,Libro Auxiliar ,Débito ,Extracto Bancario ,Double match ,Settlement item ,Rendimientos financieros ,Debit ,Software - Abstract
En el presente informe se expone de forma amplia la ejecución de las prácticas empresariales desarrolladas en la Dirección de asuntos financieros de la Universidad de Córdoba Subdirección de contabilidad (Espacio encargado de dirigir y controlar todo lo que respecta a operaciones, transacciones cualquier actividad que implique el uso de recursos financieros, también la de la elaboración de los estados financieros, y demás documentos o informes exigidos por organismos institucionales para control o rendición de cuentas en víspera de salvaguardar y velar por el buen uso de los activos de la IES. Dentro de las responsabilidades asignadas en la subdirección de contabilidad se destaca como función y/o actividad principal apoyar la elaboración del proceso de conciliación bancaria entre las cuentas (corriente y ahorro) que maneja la universidad con diferentes entidades bancarias y buscar las diferencias entre los movimientos reportados en bancos con los libros o auxiliar contable de la universidad (Seven) y ejecutar los respectivos ajustes para llegar al saldo real o saldo en cero en diferencia. 1. CONSTANCIA DE APROBACIÓN DE TUTORES. 4 2. DEDICATORIA. 5 3. INTRODUCCIÓN. 6 4. OBJETIVOS DE LA PRÁCTICA. 7 4.1 OBJETIVO GENERAL: 7 4.2 OBJETIVOS ESPECÍFICOS. 7 5. CAPÍTULO I: DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA ENTIDAD. 8 5.2 MISION Y VISION. 11 5.2.1 MISIÓN. 11 5.2.2 VISIÓN. 12 5.3 ESTRUCTURA ORGANIZACIONAL. 13 5.4 ACTIVIDADES DE LA ENTIDAD. 16 6. CAPÍTULO II: DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA DEPENDENCIA DONDE REALIZÓ LA PRÁCTICA. 18 6.1 ORGANIGRAMA. 19 6.2 FUNCIONES. 20 7. CAPÍTULO III: ACTIVIDADES REALIZADAS DURANTE LA PRACTICA O PASANTIA. 22 7.1 DESCRIPCIÓN DEL PROBLEMA. 22 7.2 PLAN DE TRABAJO. 26 7.3 CRONOGRAMA DE ACTIVIDADES. 27 7.4 DESCRIPCIÓN DETALLADA DE LAS ACTIVIDADES. 28 8. PROPUESTA DE MEJORAMIENTO. 30 9. CONCLUSIONES. 33 10. REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS 35 11. ANEXOS. 38 Pregrado Administrador(a) en Finanzas y Negocios Internacionales Práctica Empresarial
- Published
- 2022
67. THE FLOODS FROM JUNE-JULY 2010 ON THE RIVERS FROM THE SUCEAVA HYDROGRAPHIC BASIN
- Author
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ADRIANA MIHAELA PORCUŢAN
- Subjects
inondations ,Suceava ,precipitations ,maxime ,débit ,Geography. Anthropology. Recreation ,Geography (General) ,G1-922 - Abstract
Le bassin hydrographique asymétrique de Suceava, avec une surface de 2612 km2, est situé dans le nord de la Roumanie, mais il se propage également sur le territoire ukrainien, jusqu'à 47 o 58' N. Ce bassin hydrographique comprend deux grandes unités de secours avec des caractéristiques géographiques distinctes (montagneuse et plateau), séparés par une zone de transition représenté par un secteur de piemont et une succession de dépressions. L'analyse des crues a été faite en utilisant les données de 8 stations hydrologiques qui surveillent les inondations du cours principal (3) et des affluents les plus importants de la rivière (5). Après avoir analysé les facteurs naturels et humains qui ont produit le inondations de Juin - July 2010, on a déterminé l'espace des ondes de crue, l'heure et paramètres hydriques des cours d'eau surveillés, et à la fin il a évalué l'environnement, les risques sociaux et économiques déterminées par ces inondations.
- Published
- 2014
68. Making and Selling Whiskey at the Henry McKenna Distillery
- Author
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Raitz, Karl, author
- Published
- 2020
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69. Evaluation et prise en charge orthophonique de la dyspraxie verbale avec DIADOLAB : approches existantes et études de cas
- Author
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Sicard, Etienne, Menin-Sicard, Anne, Michel, Sandrine, Laboratoire Unadréo de recherche clinique en orthophonie (Lurco), unadreo, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT), and INSA Toulouse
- Subjects
débit ,REST ,dyspraxie verbale ,rééducation de la parole ,prosodie ,NDP-3 ,articulation ,orthophonie ,Speech Builder ,[INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing ,processus de parole ,imprécision articulatoire ,Prompt ,DIADOLAB ,diadococinésie ,Tabby Talks - Abstract
Rapport de recherches ERU 46 LURCO/UNADREO; rapport de recherches INSA Toulouse; Dans cet article, nous donnons un aperçu des caractéristiques de la dyspraxie verbale de l'enfant, les bilans spécifiques, les indicateurs pertinents pour l'évaluation objective, ainsi que les approches et outils de rééducation ayant fait l'objet de publications scientifiques. Nous détaillons deux cas de prises en charge orthophonique d'enfants atteints de dyspraxie verbale, en détaillant les axes thérapeutiques et les effets de la prise en charge. Sur la base d'une quinzaine de cas cliniques d'âge allant de 3 à 17 ans, nous mettons en évidence par le biais d'analyses statistiques des performances significativement plus faibles que la normale en termes de maîtrise des processus articulatoires, débit, régularité et prosodie de la parole.
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- 2022
70. Nano-irrigation : Caractéristiques hydrauliques des émetteurs à source linéaire en fonction des pressions manométriques sous différents types et densités apparentes de sol
- Author
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Hallam, J. and Lahlali, M.
- Subjects
Nano-irrigation ,Moistube ,succion du sol ,débit ,hauteur manométrique ,coefficient de variation - Abstract
Le flux d'eau dans le sol par des émetteurs de source linéaire sous irrigation Moistube, communément appelée nano-irrigation, a été étudiée. Le Moistube est un tuyau composé de membranes semi-perméables flexibles qui a été récemment utilisé au Maroc pour minimiser davantage la consommation d'eau par rapport à l'irrigation goutte à goutte. Étant une technologie relativement nouvelle, elle est encore au stade expérimental, par conséquent, il existe peu de données sur les paramètres critiques qui amélioreraient l'efficacité de l'utilisation de l'eau. Avant de commencer les essais sur le terrain pour tester le système sur les cultures, une série d'expériences en boîtes de sol ont été réalisées pour examiner la dynamique de l'eau et le débit des rampes sous deux types de sol à différentes hauteurs de pression et à différentes densités apparentes. Les résultats ont montré que le débit diminuait lorsque les rampes étaient enfouies par rapport aux rampes non enfouies, et diminuait davantage avec le compactage du sol. Le débit des rampes a montré une tendance à la baisse à mesure que la texture du sol devient plus fine et le débit diminue encore plus avec le compactage du sol pour les textures testées. Nous avons également trouvé que le débit mesuré à 2 m de hauteur manométrique pour rampes non enterrées était bien supérieur à la valeur déclarée par le fabricant. Les valeurs des exposants des équations de la fonction de puissance ajustées étaient bien supérieures à 1, montrant un régime d'écoulement laminaire des rampes et une sensibilité élevée aux changements de pression. Le coefficient de variation était dans l'intervalle acceptable (< 20 %) et diminue avec l'augmentation de la pression de fonctionnement. Dans l'ensemble, nos résultats suggèrent que 1) la texture et le compactage du sol affectent le débit des rampes et devraient être pris en compte dans la conception du système de nano-irrigation en termes de profondeur et d'espacement des rampes, 2) assurer une conception appropriée ou raccourcir les rampes en réponse à leur grande sensibilité aux variations de pression, 3) comme la technologie est nouvelle et en est encore à son stade expérimental, les tests qui imitent les conditions de terrain sont toujours importants avant l'installation pour obtenir un débit homogène des rampes. Nos résultats fourniraient une base préliminaire pour aider les professionnels au dimensionnement du système Nano irrigation au Maroc., African and Mediterranean Agricultural Journal - Al Awamia, No 133 (2021)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
71. DIMENSIONNEMENT D'UN CANAL OUVERT A FOND HORIZONTAL ET A PAROIS CIRCULAIRES PAR LA METHODE DU MODELE RUGUEUX.
- Author
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M., LAKEHAL and B., ACHOUR
- Abstract
Copyright of Larhyss Journal is the property of Biskra University, Research Laboratory in Subterranean & Surface Hydraulics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2017
72. Visualization of dominant stress-transfer mechanisms in experimental debris flows of different particle-size distribution.
- Author
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Sanvitale, Nicoletta and Bowman, Elisabeth T.
- Subjects
FLUID flow ,FLUORESCENCE ,STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics) ,LANDSLIDES ,GEOPHYSICS - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Geotechnical Journal is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
73. Entre verbalism e et atypicité, la description de personnes par vingt locuteurs aveugles.
- Author
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Verine, Bertrand
- Abstract
Copyright of Langage & Societe is the property of Fondation Maison des Sciences de l'Homme and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
74. PREDIKSI LUASAN AREAL PERTANAMAN DAERAH IRIGASI UPT-1 SUNGAI PAKU BERDASARKAN KEBUTUHAN DEBIT AIR PADA SALURAN PRIMER BENDUNGAN SUNGAI PAKU
- Author
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VIRGO TRISEP HARIS
- Subjects
UPT-1 ,Saluran Primer ,Penampang Ekonomis ,Debit ,Agriculture ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Published
- 2013
75. Mesure tridimensionnelle d'un écoulement en charge en aval d'une singularité
- Author
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Ben Haroual, Bilal, Boldo, Didier, Thibert, Emmanuel, Nanteau, Eric, Albagnac, Julie, Mathis, Romain, and Mathis, Romain
- Subjects
Singularité ,[PHYS.MECA.GEME] Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Mechanical engineering [physics.class-ph] ,Débit ,[PHYS.MECA.MEFL] Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Fluid mechanics [physics.class-ph] ,Vélocimétrie laser - Abstract
The present work is part of a research project that deals with turbulent flows downstream pipe installation elements, for instance a 90 degrees bend or an S-shaped double bend. The aim of this study is to reach a better understanding of the turbulent flows where industrial flowmeters are installed in order to enhance their accuracy. This article shows the first results of the experimental work done at EDF R&D’s test bed using the multi-pulse Shake The Box technique. The conducted experiments have provided velocity fields for multiple flow rates at two different locations downstream the investigated installation., Le présent travail s'inscrit dans un projet de recherche qui s'intéresse aux écoulements turbulents en aval de singularités (comme un simple coude ou un double coude coplanaire en S). L'objectif de cette étude est d'appréhender l'écoulement aux endroits où les débitmètres industriels sont installés dans le but d'améliorer leur précision métrologique. Cet article présente les résultats des premiers essais de vélocimétrie laser, plus précisément la méthode Shake The Box multi pulse, menés sur un banc d'essai de EDF R&D à Chatou. Les essais ont conduit à la reconstruction des champs de vitesse pour différents débits de commande et à deux stations de mesure différentes en aval de la singularité étudiée.
- Published
- 2022
76. Le rôle des réseaux de drainage agricole dans le ralentissement dynamique des crues : interprétation des données de l'observatoire « Orgeval » The role of agricultural drainage networks in the dynamic slowing of floodwaters: interpretation of the Orgeval observatory data
- Author
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HENINE, Hocine ; CHAUMONT, Céddric ; TOURNEBIZE, Julien ; AUGEARD, Bénédicte ; KAO, Cyril ; NEDELEC, Yves
- Subjects
DRAINAGE ,BASSIN VERSANT ,ORGEVAL ,DEBIT ,INONDATION ,IMPACT ,Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering ,TD1-1066 ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
Le drainage agricole peut générer des impacts importants sur le cycle de l’eau, sur l’écologie du paysage et sur les cours d'eau. Sur le bassin versant expérimental de l’Orgeval, les équipes scientifiques d’Irstea étudient les processus de transfert des écoulements aux différentes échelles afin de comprendre le comportement des réseaux de drainage et le rôle qu’ils peuvent jouer, notamment en période de crues.The study of the effect of agricultural artificial drainage on catchment outflow has is complex. Predicting the drainage impacts on downstream peak flow involves different scales (spatial and temporal). This work follows up experiments carried out in two drained catchments at Orgeval site. Data observation showed that, during intense rainfall events, the drainage system may flow, temporary, under pressurised condition and the drainage discharge is limited. A frequency analysis of peak discharges based on data at the catchment outlet over 20 years was done. The results showed a peak discharge limitation phase for events with a return period of two and ten years. The pressuriation of the drainage network explains this limitation of peak discharge. Such flow conditions allow for drainage systems a self control of drainage discharge and then avoid the risk of flooding.
- Published
- 2012
77. Joint Use of in-Scene Background Radiance Estimation and Optimal Estimation Methods for Quantifying Methane Emissions Using PRISMA Hyperspectral Satellite Data: Application to the Korpezhe Industrial Site
- Author
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Nesme, Nicolas, Marion, Rodolphe, Lezeaux, Olivier, Doz, Stéphanie, Camy-Peyret, Claude, Foucher, Pierre-Yves, ONERA / DOTA, Université de Toulouse [Toulouse], ONERA-PRES Université de Toulouse, Sté SPASCIA, DAM Île-de-France (DAM/DIF), Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)
- Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics] ,Méthane ,[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics] ,concentration ,Panache industriel ,Satellite PRISMA ,methane ,Science ,industrial plume ,Débit ,PRISMA satellite ,flow rate - Abstract
International audience; Methane (CH4) is one of the most contributing anthropogenic greenhouse gases (GHGs) in terms of global warming. Industry is one of the largest anthropogenic sources of methane, which are currently only roughly estimated. New satellite hyperspectral imagers, such as PRISMA, open up daily temporal monitoring of industrial methane sources at a spatial resolution of 30 m. Here, we developed the Characterization of Effluents Leakages in Industrial Environment (CELINE) code to inverse images of the Korpezhe industrial site. In this code, the In-Scene Background Radiance (ISBR) method was combined with a standard Optimal Estimation (OE) approach. The ISBR-OE method avoids the use of a complete and time-consuming radiative transfer model. The ISBR-OEM developed here overcomes the underestimation issues of the linear method (LM) used in the literature for high concentration plumes and controls a posteriori uncertainty. For the Korpezhe site, using the ISBR-OEM instead of the LM -retrieved CH4 concentration map led to a bias correction on CH4 mass from 4 to 16% depending on the source strength. The most important CH4 source has an estimated flow rate ranging from 0.36 ± 0.3 kg·s−1 to 4 ± 1.76 kg·s−1 on nine dates. These local and variable sources contribute to the CH4 budget and can better constrain climate change models.; Le méthane (CH4) est l'un des gaz à effet de serre (GES) anthropiques qui contribuent le plus au réchauffement de la planète. L'industrie est l'une des plus importantes sources anthropiques de méthane, qui ne sont actuellement que grossièrement estimées. Les nouveaux imageurs hyperspectraux satellitaires, tels que PRISMA, permettent un suivi temporel quotidien des sources de méthane industriel à une résolution spatiale de 30 m. Ici, nous avons développé le code Characterization of Effluents Leakages in Industrial Environment (CELINE) pour inverser les images du site industriel de Korpezhe. Dans ce code, la méthode ISBR (In-Scene Background Radiance) a été combinée avec une approche standard d'estimation optimale (OE). La méthode ISBR-OE évite l'utilisation d'un modèle de transfert radiatif complet et coûteux en temps. La méthode ISBR-OE développée ici surmonte les problèmes de sous-estimation de la méthode linéaire (LM) utilisée dans la littérature pour les panaches à forte concentration et contrôle l'incertitude a posteriori. Pour le site de Korpezhe, l'utilisation de l'ISBR-OEM au lieu de la carte de concentration de CH4 obtenue par la méthode linéaire a conduit à une correction du biais sur la masse de CH4 de 4 à 16% selon la force de la source. La source de CH4 la plus importante a un débit estimé allant de 0,36 ± 0,3 kg-s-1 à 4 ± 1,76 kg-s-1 à neuf dates. Ces sources locales et variables contribuent au bilan de CH4 et peuvent mieux contraindre les modèles de changement climatique.
- Published
- 2021
78. Practical implementation of a biofilter in a composting/vermicomposting plant: Failures and solutions
- Author
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Vincent, N., Bouche, M. B., Roussos, Sevastianos, editor, Lonsane, B. K., editor, Raimbault, Maurice, editor, and Viniegra-Gonzalez, Gustavo, editor
- Published
- 1997
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
79. Studi Eksperimental Pengaruh Laju Aliran Air Terhadap Efisiensi Thermal pada Kolektor Surya Pemanas Air dengan Penambahan External Helical Fins pada Pipa
- Author
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Sandy Pramirtha and Bambang Arip Dwiyantoro
- Subjects
debit ,efisiensi kolektor ,kolektor surya ,helical fins ,Technology ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 - Abstract
Energi matahari merupakan salah satu sumber energi alternatif untuk menggantikan peran minyak bumi sebagai sumber energi utama. Kolektor surya pemanas air merupakan salah satu contoh pemanfaatan energi surya. Ada beberapa tipe kolektor surya salah satunya adalah kolektor surya pelat datar, tetapi kolektor surya pelat datar memiliki tingkat efisiensi yang rendah. Salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dari kolektor surya pemanas air pelat datar adalah dengan menambahkan fins pada pipa-pipa yang mengalirkan air. Salah satu bentuk fins yang dapat digunakan adalah helical fins. Pengujian dilakukan dengan variasi debit aliran air yaitu 75 liter/jam, 150 liter/jam, 225 liter/jam dan 300 liter/jam serta variasi warna kaca penutup yaitu warna hitam dan bening. Kolektor surya diletakkan pada sudut kemiringan β = 10o. Pengambilan data dimulai pukul 09.00-15.00 WIB. Setiap satu jam dilakukan pengambilan data berupa temperatur fluida masuk, temperatur fluida keluar, temperatur pelat absorber, temperatur cover glass, temperatur base dan intensitas matahari. Hasil yang didapatkan dari penelitian ini adalah efisiensi rerata kolektor terbesar terjadi pada kolektor dengan kaca penutup bening untuk variasi debit aliran air 300 liter/jam yaitu sebesar 63.06%, energi berguna terbesar terjadi pada kolektor dengan kaca penutup bening untuk variasi debit aliran air 300 liter/jam yaitu sebesar 1.24 MJ, serta temperatur air keluar kolektor terbesar terjadi pada kaca penutup bening dengan variasi debit aliran air 75 liter/jam yaitu sebesar 49 oC. Penambahan helical fins pada pipa tembaga dapat meningkatkan efisiensi kolektor. Kolektor surya dengan helical fins mempunyai efisiensi yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan kolektor tanpa fin maupun annular fins.
- Published
- 2015
80. OSMANLI KADI SİCİLLERİ'NDE BİR BORÇ ÖDEME YÖNTEMİ OLARAK “GUREMÂ USULÜ” VE UYGULANIŞI.
- Author
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GÜRHAN, Veysel and GÜMÜŞ, Ercan
- Abstract
Copyright of Electronic Turkish Studies is the property of Electronic Turkish Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
81. Impacts of climate change on water resources in the Mediterranean Basin: a case study in Catalonia, Spain.
- Author
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Pascual, Diana, Pla, Eduard, Lopez-Bustins, Joan A., Retana, Javier, and Terradas, Jaume
- Subjects
- *
CLIMATE change , *SPATIO-temporal variation , *GEOLOGY & climate , *CLIMATE change mitigation , *ECOLOGICAL succession - Abstract
Most climate change projections show important decreases in water availability in the Mediterranean region by the end of this century. We assess those main climate change impacts on water resources in three medium-sized catchments with varying climatic conditions in northeastern Spain. A combination of hydrological modelling and climate projections with B1 and A2 IPCC emission scenarios is performed to infer future streamflows. The largest reduction (34%) in mean streamflows (for 2076–2100) is expected in the headwaters of the two wettest catchments, while lower decreases (25% of mean value for 2076–2100) are expected in the drier one. In all three catchments, autumn and summer are the seasons with the most notable projected decreases in streamflow, of 50% and 30%, respectively. Thus, ecological flows in the study area might be noticeably influenced by climate change, especially in the headwaters of the wet catchments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
82. Comparaison des méthodes d’estimation des débits environnementaux au Québec méridional, dans un contexte hydrologique et climatique actuel et futur: Rapport final.
- Author
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Berthot, Laureline and Berthot, Laureline
- Published
- 2021
83. İSLAM HUKUKUNDA ÖLÜMÜN MÂLÎ HAK VE BORÇLARA ETKİSİ
- Author
-
HÜSEYİN ESEN
- Subjects
Ölüm ,hak ,borç ,zimmet ,akit ,Death ,right ,debt ,debit ,contract ,Philosophy. Psychology. Religion ,Islam. Bahai Faith. Theosophy, etc. ,BP1-610 ,Islam ,BP1-253 - Abstract
Bu çalışmanın amacı, ölümün kişinin malî hak ve borçlarına etkisi konusunu İslam hukuku açısından ele alıp ortaya koymaktır. Ölüm denilince akla ilk gelen tabiî ölüm olmakla birlikte hukukî ve takdirî ölüm çeşitleri de vardır. Canlı insan olma şartına bağlı olan ehliyet, zimmet ve teklif ilke olarak ölümle sona ermektedir. Ölenin hakları mâlî haklar, şahsî haklar ve karma haklar şeklinde üçe ayrılmış ve her bir gruba dâhil haklara yer verilerek bunların ölümle düşme veya vârislere intikal etme durumları belirtilmiştir. Ölenin borçları da zorunlu dinî-hukukî borçlar ve insanların hür iradeleriyle yaptıkları akitlerinden doğan borçlar şeklinde ikiye ayrılarak incelenmiş ve bu borçların ölümle düşüp düşmeyeceği hususu ortaya konulmuştur.
- Published
- 2005
84. Decomposition of Uncertainty Sources in Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler Streamflow Measurements Using Repeated Measures Experiments
- Author
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Benjamin Renard, Kevin A. Oberg, Frank L. Engel, David S. Mueller, Aurélien Despax, Jérôme Le Coz, Bertrand Blanquart, Alexandre Hauet, RiverLy (UR Riverly), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), EDF (EDF), US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY RESTON USA, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), and INDEPENDENT EXPERT NANCY FRA
- Subjects
Hydrometry ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,0207 environmental engineering ,Repeated measures design ,ADCP ,02 engineering and technology ,01 natural sciences ,Acoustic Doppler current profiler ,INCERTITUDE ,HYDROMÉTRIE ,Streamflow ,[SDE]Environmental Sciences ,DÉBIT ,Decomposition (computer science) ,Environmental science ,020701 environmental engineering ,JAUGEAGE ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Water Science and Technology ,Remote sensing - Abstract
International audience; Repeated measures experiments can be conducted to empirically estimate the uncertainty of a stream gauging method, such as the widespread moving‐boat acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCPs) approach. Previous ADCP repeated measures experiments, also known as interlaboratory comparisons, provided a credible range of uncertainty estimates reflecting the quality of the site conditions. However, the method, which is a one‐way analysis of variance, only addresses the uncertainty of one lumped factor that combines several distinct factors: instrument, operator, procedure, and cross‐section effects. To decompose the uncertainty of ADCP streamflow measurements due to cross‐section selection and team effects, a large repeated measures experiment has been conducted in the Taurion River (France). The experiment design was crossed and balanced, with two sets of 24 teams circulated over two sets of 12 cross sections. A constant flow rate was released from a dam, located immediately upstream of the experimental site. Prior to the statistical analysis, a data quality review was performed using the U.S. Geological Survey QRev software to clean the data set from avoidable errors and to homogenize the discharge computations. A two‐way analysis of variance was applied to quantify the cross‐section effect, the team effect, and their interaction, which was found to dominate the pure cross‐section effect. It was then possible to predict the average uncertainty of multiple‐transect ADCP discharge measurements, depending on the number of teams, cross sections, and repeated transects included in the discharge average. The method opens interesting avenues for documenting difficult‐to‐estimate uncertainty sources of stream gauging techniques in other measuring conditions, especially the most adverse ones.
- Published
- 2019
85. Improving Methodological Approach to Measures Planning for Hydraulic Fracturing in Oil Fields
- Author
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Irina V. BURENINA, Larisa A. AVDEEVA, Irina A. SOLOVJEVA, Mamduda A. KHALIKOVA, and Marina V. GERASIMOVA
- Subjects
economic efficiency ,lcsh:TN1-997 ,geological and technical measures ,enhanced oil recovery ,planning ,oil company ,hydraulic fracturing ,debit ,lcsh:Mining engineering. Metallurgy - Abstract
Goal of the research is development of an integrated approach to the planning of hydraulic fracturing (HF) treatment taking into account geo-technical, hydrodynamic, technological and economic criteria for the selection of wells for inclusion in the programs of HF with increasing importance of economic criteria. Stages of formation of the program for HF of the oil company are selected, systematized and analyzed. It is shown that high potential effectiveness of enhanced oil recovery method in fields with hard-to-recover reserves, on the one hand, and the complexity and high cost of application, on the other, determine the need to optimize the parameters of this business process at all stages of implementation and improve its planning methods. The priority directions for improving the hydraulic fracturing planning were justified: a clear definition of the criterion for the payback period of hydraulic fracturing activities, taking into account their technological features, improving the procedure for calculating the costs of implementing this technology and improving the reasonableness of selecting candidate wells for inclusion in the hydraulic fracturing program. Feasibility of using an additional criterion in the formation of hydraulic fracturing programs – marginal minimum cost-effective wall capacity – has been shown and a method for calculating it has been developed. The use of this criterion will allow to take into account not only technological limitations, but also limits of economic efficiency of conducting hydraulic fracturing at each specific well and, at the preliminary selection of candidate wells, exclude a priori unprofitable measures. It is advisable to take into account proposed directions for improving planning of hydraulic fracturing in the development of corporate regulatory documents, which will help to improve the quality of planning geological and technical measures, minimize investment risks, make more rational use of oil companies' resources for improving oil recovery, choosing the best management decision.
- Published
- 2019
86. Studi Eksperimental Efektivitas Penambahan Annular Fins Pada Kolektor Surya Pemanas Air dengan Satu dan Dua Kaca Penutup
- Author
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Edo Wirapraja and Bambang Arip Dwiyantoro
- Subjects
kolektor surya ,annular fin ,debit ,kaca penutup ,Technology ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 - Abstract
Energi surya banyak dimanfaatkan untuk pemanas air dengan menggunakan kolektor surya. Kolektor surya terdiri dari kaca penutup, plat penyerap, dan insulasi. Salah satu kolektor yang sering digunakan adalah kolektor surya plat datar. Untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dari kolektor surya adalah dengan menambahkan fin yang bertujuan untuk memperluas luasan penyerapan panas. Salah satu bentuk fin yang dapat digunakan adalah fin berbentuk annular. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan memvariasikan jumlah kaca penutup yaitu satu dan dua kaca penutup. Selain itu juga memvariasikan debit aliran yang mengalir yaitu 225 liter/jam, 475 liter/jam, 730 liter/jam, dan 1000 liter/jam. Hasil eksperimen menunjukkan bahwa temperatur air keluar kolektor surya setelah pemanasan selama 6 jam dengan satu kaca penutup untuk debit 1000 liter/jam adalah 41,6ºC. Untuk debit 730 liter/jam adalah 42,9ºC. Untuk debit 475 liter/jam adalah 44,2ºC. Untuk debit 225 liter/jam adalah 45,3ºC. Sedangkan untuk dua kaca penutup didapat temperatur air keluar untuk debit 1000 liter/jam, 730 liter/jam, 475 liter/jam dan 225 liter/jam adalah 42,6ºC, 43,4ºC, 46,2ºC dan 47,6ºC. Dengan temperatur air keluar yang didapat dari hasil penelitian dibandingkan dengan hasil temperatur air keluar menggunakan kolektor tanpa penambahan fin dapat disimpulkan bahwa kolektor dengan penambahan fin lebih efisien dari pada tanpa penambahan fin. Variasi debit juga berpengaruh terhadap performansi kolektor. Untuk debit 1000 liter/jam memiliki efisiensi paling tinggi sedangkan debit 225 liter/jam memiliki efisiensi paling rendah.
- Published
- 2014
87. Human interference in the water discharge of the Changjiang (Yangtze River), China.
- Author
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Dai, Zhijun, Liu, James T., and Xiang, Yunbo
- Subjects
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STREAMFLOW , *STREAM measurements , *WATERSHEDS , *REGULATION of rivers , *WATER consumption - Abstract
This study analysed 130-year-long river flow and 58-year-long meteorological records, the volume capacity of reservoirs and water consumption records over the last 60 years of the Changjiang (Yangtze River) basin. The results show that there are strong periodicities in the river discharge at seasonal, and at 3-, 7-, 11- and 14.6-year cycles. The results also show that the river discharge has decreased noticeably, and the discrepancy between flood and dry-season flows has also decreased in the last 130 years. However, the basin-wide water discharge also showed spatial and temporal variability. In the 70-year period prior to 1949, the water discharge in the middle and lower reaches of the Changjiang did not show declining trends. Between 1949 and 2011, the water discharge in the upper and middle reaches of the river showed apparent decreasing trends. Yet, because of the modulation by large lakes in the middle reaches, the water discharge to the sea did not show any noticeable changes. The primary causes of the changes in water discharge in the Changjiang basin were basin-wide dam construction and water consumption. Therefore, a regulated index (RI) is proposed to quantify human activities in the river basin. Based on RI, the Changjiang basin was weakly regulated between 1950 and 1980, intermediately regulated between 1980 and 2010, and is highly regulated at present. This is expected to worsen by 2030. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2015
- Full Text
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88. The NHDPlus dataset, watershed subdivision and SWAT model performance.
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Chiang, Li-Chi and Yuan, Yongping
- Subjects
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WATER quality , *MODELS of watersheds , *NITROGEN in water , *NITROGEN in soils , *RIVER sediments , *RIVER channels - Abstract
The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) has been developed to evaluate the effectiveness of agricultural management practices on watershed water quality. Many studies have indicated that watershed subdivision can affect the accuracy of model predictions. Most of them used the minimum drainage area (MDA) to delineate sub-watersheds, and varied the value of MDA depending on the size of the watershed being modelled. Instead of MDA, we use the National Hydrography Dataset Plus (NHDPlus)—an integration of the best features of the National Hydrography Dataset (NHD), Watershed Boundary Dataset (WBD), National Elevation Dataset (NED), and the National Land Cover Dataset (NLCD)—to delineate the watershed. The Kaskaskia River watershed in Illinois, USA, was selected to investigate the individual effects of sub-watershed and hydrologic response unit (HRU) delineations on predicted streamflow, total suspended sediment (TSS) and total nitrogen (TN) losses at two USGS gauges. In addition, an MDA of 3000 ha, and four levels of stream (the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th order) were evaluated. Three levels of HRU threshold (5%, 10% and 15%) were used for each stream order model. The results show that stream order had little effect on predicted streamflow, but a great impact on TSS and TN losses, and the impact of HRU delineation became greater when a higher stream order was used to delineate the watershed. For higher stream order, fewer streams were recognized in SWAT simulations, which resulted in less sediment routing and channel processes, which, in turn, led to less deposition in the channels; thus high sediment losses were obtained at the watershed outlet. However, fewer channel processes led to less in-stream N processes; thus lower TN losses. Overall, the SWAT simulations performed the best when the 2nd stream order was used for delineations comparing with USGS observed data, followed by the 3rd stream order. Therefore, to fully depict the watershed characteristics to perform SWAT simulations, a stream order higher than 3rd order is not recommended for watershed delineation.Editor D. Koutsoyiannis; Associate editor C. Perrin [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
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89. Modelling spatial distribution of surface runoff and sediment yield in a Chinese river basin without continuous sediment monitoring.
- Author
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Schmalz, B., Zhang, Q., Kuemmerlen, M., Cai, Q., Jähnig, S.C., and Fohrer, N.
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- *
RIVER sediments , *RUNOFF analysis , *GEOGRAPHIC spatial analysis , *SEDIMENT control , *STREAMFLOW , *ECOHYDROLOGY , *WATERSHEDS - Abstract
In numerous river basins, continuous data are available for streamflow, but not for sediment transport, soil erosion and sediment yield. Our study shows an approach to assess the spatial distribution of surface runoff and sediment yield in a data-scarce Chinese river basin. Specific objectives of this study were (a) to use the process-based, ecohydrological model SWAT and to parameterize it by fixing as many parameters as possible in advance using field observations, measured data and literature; (b) to calculate streamflow and suspended sediment at the basin outlet as well as surface runoff and sediment yield in each sub-basin using SWAT; and (c) to validate and check the credibility of our simulated results using published literature on land use and associated land management. Our modelling results show a spatial distribution of sediment yield between all 50 sub-basins (0 to 7 t ha-1 year-1) with highest amounts predicted for cabbage cultivation (37.5 t ha-1 year-1) and only low values for forest (0.2 t ha-1 year-1). Previous studies used for validation purposes approve our findings.Editor Z.W. Kundzewicz; Guest editor V. Krysanova [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
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90. Analyse de l'opportunité d'application des méthodes d'estimation des débits des rivières par courbe de tarage et capteur doppler immergé fixe.
- Author
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Mballa E., Landry and Bennis, Saad
- Subjects
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DOPPLER tracking , *WATER levels , *RUNOFF , *HYDROGRAPHY , *INFORMATION filtering systems , *HYDRAULICS , *FLOODS - Abstract
In practice, there are several techniques used to estimate the rates of runoff in urban and rural areas, each technique having its advantages and limitations. It is up to the administrators of water resources to assess the advisability of applying these technologies, according to their accuracy in various contexts relating to their costs of acquisition and maintenance. The purpose of this article is to analyze the deviation between the flows estimated by means of traditional rating curve and those measured directly by the Argonaut SW (shallow water) type Doppler. The proposed methodology consists first of filtering and validating the measures of heights from the standard water level gauge and the measures of speed and height from the Doppler SW. This database, so validated, is split into two parts. First, part of the data is used to calibrate a rating curve that connects the series of validated levels obtained from the standard water level gauge to the flows obtained from the SW Doppler. Secondly, the other part of the data is used to estimate the capacity of the rating curve already obtained, and to estimate the flows measured by the SW Doppler by using the levels from the standard water level gauge. It was found that the rating curve calibrated for the study site reproduces the data from the SW Doppler with an error that varied according to the hydrographs analyzed. The relative error on the estimation of the complete flood hydrograph varies between 2.51% and 9.87% according to the years, whereas the average relative errors for the peak flows and the flood volumes are 1.44% and 2.11%, respectively. Analysis of the measures shows that the standard water level gauge is more reliable than the SW Doppler because the average percentages of missing values are 4.64% and 20.75%, for the standard water level gauge and the SW Doppler, respectively. However, the SW Doppler has the advantage of accurately generating a large number of flow measures over a wide range of variations, thus calibrating a reliable rating curve. There is therefore clearly a synergy between the two flow estimation approaches. [Journal translation] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
91. Analysis of current trends in climate parameters, river discharge and glaciers in the Aksu River basin (Central Asia).
- Author
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Krysanova, Valentina, Wortmann, Michel, Bolch, Tobias, Merz, Bruno, Duethmann, Doris, Walter, Judith, Huang, Shaochun, Tong, Jiang, Buda, Su, and Kundzewicz, Zbigniew W.
- Subjects
- *
TREND analysis , *STREAM measurements , *GLACIERS , *FLOODS , *ECOLOGY - Abstract
Climate variability and change play a crucial role in the vulnerable system of the Aksu River basin located in Kyrgyzstan and northwest China, providing precious water resources for the intense oasis agriculture of the Xinjiang Province (China). Ubiquitous warming and increase in precipitation (in the lower part of the basin) have been detected. Glaciers in the region are retreating. Seasonal trends in river discharge show an increase. A clear link could be demonstrated between daily temperature and lagged river discharge at two headwater stations in summer. However, the correlation breaks over short periods in the end of summer or beginning of autumn at the Xiehela station, when the high (over 95th percentile) flow peaks caused by the glacier lake outburst floods of the Merzbacher Lake occur. This feature is a challenge for the climate impact assessment in the region, as these regular outbursts have to be represented in the projections for the future as well. Editor D. Koutsoyiannis [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
92. Analyse physique des sauces de couchage à base de micronanocellulose fibrillée
- Author
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Tibouda, Abdelaadim and Tibouda, Abdelaadim
- Published
- 2020
93. Analisis Sistem Jaringan Perpipaan Penyalur Air Limbah (Studi Kasus: Proyek Pengembangan Sistem Saluran Air Limbah Di Pulau Batam Tahap I Kecamatan Batam Kota)
- Author
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Kurniawan, Harry, Setiyohadi, Imam, Hidayat, Rizman, Kurniawan, Harry, Setiyohadi, Imam, and Hidayat, Rizman
- Abstract
Sebagai kota yang memanfaatkan air waduk sebagai air baku untuk air minum, hal ini sangat merugikan karena mengingat sumber air baku Kota Batam sebanyak 70% berasal dari waduk Duriangkang menurut Kepala Bidang pengelolaan air dan limbah BP Batam. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, BP Batam tengah mengembangkan sistem pengolahan air limbah melalui Proyek Pengembangan Sistem Saluran Air Limbah di Pulau Batam yang terdiri dari 7 tahap dimana pada tahap pertama ini dibangun di kecamatan Batam Kota. Instalasi Pengelolaan Air Limbah (IPAL) (Waste Water Treatment Plant) adalah suatu struktur yang dirancang untuk mengelola dan mengolah limbah biologis dan kimiawi dari air sehingga memungkinkan air tersebut dapat memenuhi standar baku mutu air. Dalam pembangunan proyek tersebut, timbul beberapa pertanyaan pada jaringan perpipaan, salah satunya adalah penyumbatan pada saluran pipa yang disebabkan oleh sampah yang dibuang ke dalam toilet dan kecepatan aliran air limbah yang tidak memenuhi syarat kecepatan minimum. Oleh sebab itu, perlu dilakukan analisis terhadap kecepatan aliran air limbah, kedalaman berenang air limbah dan debit timbulan air limbah untuk mengetahui kemampuan masing-masing pipa utama dalam mengalirkan air limbah menuju IPAL dan permasalahan lainnya.Dari hasil perhitungan hidrolika pada sistem perpipaan pada proyek ini diperoleh nilai sebagai berikut: pada zona A1-1 nilai dari debit total yang didapat adalah 0,350418 m3/detik, dengan slope 0,3% dibutuhkan diameter pipa 700mm berdasarkan nomogram manning. Dan pada zona A2-1 nilai hasil dari debit total adalah 0,4629445 m3/detik, dengan slope 0,3% diperoleh diameter pipa pada zona ini sebesar 700mm dari nomogram manning.
- Published
- 2020
94. Estimation des débits de pointe atteints par les petits cours d'eau des Alpes Maritimes lors de la tempête Alex, le 2 octobre 2020. Action 8.2
- Author
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PAYRASTRE, Olivier, Nicolle, Pierre, Eau et Environnement (GERS-LEE ), Université Gustave Eiffel, RP3-J20043, DGPR 2020, and IFSTTAR - Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux
- Subjects
TINEE ,INONDATION ,OCTOBRE 2020 ,VESUBIE ,ROYA ,ALEX ,INONDATIONS ,CRUE ,[SDU.STU.HY]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology ,ALPES-MARITIMES ,CRUES ,DEBIT ,ALPES MARITIMES - Abstract
Ce rapport présente un travail d'estimations des débits de pointe des crues qui ont touché les vallées de la Roya, de la Tinée, de la Vésubie, et de l'aval du Var le 2 octobre 2020 lors du passage de la tempête Alex. Les différentes estimations présentées sont issues d'une enquête de terrain post-crue collective conduite dans le cadre du programme de recherche HyMeX et de la convention DGPR-Université Eiffel 2020. Les laboratoires ayant contribué à cette enquête sont HSM, Inrae, l'université Côte d'Azur / Géoazur et Espace, et l'université Gustave Eiffel/dpt GERS. L'enquête a permis d'obtenir 30 estimations de débits de pointe, couvrant à la fois les cours d'eau principaux et les différents affluents non jaugés touchés par ces crues. Le jeu de données complet est joint à ce rapport en format numérique.
- Published
- 2021
95. STATİONARY FİLTRATİON OF NATURAL GAS İN THE UNDERGROUND GAS STORAGE BY SPHERİCAL-RADİAL FLOW
- Author
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Aliyeva, O. and Aliyev, A.
- Subjects
natural gas ,underground gas storage ,current pressure gradient ,half-spherical-radial flow ,layer ,displacement time ,stationary mode ,current pressure distribution ,debit ,filtration speed ,average layer pressure ,Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics - Abstract
The article outlines the findings of the gas-dynamic problem of stationary filtration of gas in the underground gas storage by a half-spherical radial flow. In the article continuity equation, Darcy’s law, relationship between gas density and current pressure have been used, equtions have been derived for the following gas-dynamic calculation formulae current filtration rate, well discharge, law of current underground pressure distribution, current pressure gradient. On the other hand, using relationship between real average movement velocity of gas in the porous channels and filtration rate the equation for calculation the time of gas movement from feeding contour to the well has been derived. In addition, the method determining current average pressure storage has been offered.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
96. Appui au SCHAPI - Rapport de synthèse. Action 8
- Author
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PAYRASTRE, Olivier, Nicolle, Pierre, Eau et Environnement (GERS-LEE ), Université Gustave Eiffel, RP3-J20043, DGPR 2020, and IFSTTAR - Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux
- Subjects
INONDATION ,PREVISION ,CRUE ,[SDU.STU.HY]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology ,CRUE ECLAIR ,CARTOGRAPHIE ,DEBIT - Abstract
Ce rapport présente une synthèse des résultats de l'action 8 : appui au SCHAPI conduite dans le cadre de la convention DGPR-Université Gustave Eiffel 2020 n°2201239477 du 8 Juin 2020. Cette action a regroupé les contributions listées ci-dessous : - Production d'un catalogue d'emprises inondées mono-fréquence sur les petits cours d'eau de l'arc méditerranéen - Réalisation d'une enquête de terrain post-crue pour la reconstitution des débits de pointe sur les cours d'eau non jaugés, suite aux crues ayant touché le département des Alpes Maritimes lors de la tempête Alex, le 2 octobre 2020 - Participation au GT stats dans le cadre du développement de l'hydroportail v3
- Published
- 2021
97. Scheduling Solutions for Data Stream Processing Applications on Cloud-Edge Infrastructure
- Author
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De Souza, Felipe Rodrigo, Laboratoire de l'Informatique du Parallélisme (LIP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Algorithms and Software Architectures for Distributed and HPC Platforms (AVALON), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire de l'Informatique du Parallélisme (LIP), Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon, and Eddy Caron
- Subjects
End-to-end latency ,Cost ,Latence de bout en bout ,Débit ,Data Stream Processing ,Scheduling Model ,Throughput ,Modèle optimal ,Optimal Solution ,Traitement de flux de données ,Edge Computing ,Modèle de planification ,[INFO.INFO-DC]Computer Science [cs]/Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing [cs.DC] ,Coût ,Informatique de périphérie - Abstract
Technology has evolved to a point where applications and devicesare highly connected and produce ever-increasing amounts of dataused by organizations and individuals to make daily decisions. Forthe collected data to become information that can be used indecision making, it requires processing. The speed at whichinformation is extracted from data generated by a monitored systemTechnology has evolved to a point where applications and devicesare highly connected and produce ever-increasing amounts of dataused by organizations and individuals to make daily decisions. Forthe collected data to become information that can be used indecision making, it requires processing. The speed at whichinformation is extracted from data generated by a monitored systemor environment affects how fast organizations and individuals canreact to changes. One way to process the data under short delays isthrough Data Stream Processing (DSP) applications. DSPapplications can be structured as directed graphs, where the vertexesare data sources, operators, and data sinks, and the edges arestreams of data that flow throughout the graph. A data source is anapplication component responsible for data ingestion. Operatorsreceive a data stream, apply some transformation or user-definedfunction over the data stream and produce a new output stream,until the latter reaches a data sink, where the data is stored,visualized or provided to another application.; L’évolution des technologies ont conduit à une forte connexion entre les applications et le matériel produisant des quantités de données en perpétuelle augmentation. Ces données sont utilisées par les entreprises, les organisations et les individus pour prendre des décisions quotidiennes. Pour que les données collectées soient réellement utiles il convient de les traiter à temps et donc suffisamment rapidement. La vitesse à laquelle les informations sont extraites depuis les données générées par un système ou un environnement surveillé a un impact sur la capacité des entités (entreprises, organisations ou individus) à réagir aux changements. Une solution pour le traitement des données dans un délais réduit consiste à utiliser des applications de traitement de flux de données.Les applications de traitement de flux de données peuvent être modélisées sous forme de graphes orientés, où les sommets sont des sources de données, des opérateurs ou des récepteurs de données(i.e., data sinks), et les arêtes représentent les flux de données entre les opérateurs. Une source de données est un composant d’application responsable de la génération des données. Les opérateurs reçoivent un flux de données, appliquent une transformation ou effectuent une fonction définie par l’utilisateur sur le flux de données entrant et produisent un nouveau flux de sortie, jusqu’à ce que ce dernier atteigne un récepteur de données,où les données sont alors stockées, visualisées ou envoyées à une autre application. Habituellement, les applications de traitement de flux de données sont conçues pour fonctionner sur des infrastructures cloud ou sur une grappe homogène de ressources (i.e., cluster) en raison du nombre de ressources que ces infrastructures peuvent fournir et de la bonne connectivité de leur réseau. Dans les scénarios où les données utilisées par l’application de traitement du flux de données sont produites dans le cloud lui-même alors le déploiement de l’ensemble de l’application sur le cloud est une approche pertinente. Cependant, à l’heure où l’Internet des objets devient de plus en plus omniprésent, il existe un nombre croissant de scénarios où les applications de traitement de flux de données consomment des flux de données générés à la périphérie du réseau (via les nombreux appareils et capteurs répartis géographiquement). Dans de tels la bonne connectivité de leur réseau. Dans les scénarios où les données utilisées par l’application de traitement du flux de données sont produites dans le cloud lui-même alors le déploiement de l’ensemble de l’application sur le cloud est une approche pertinente.Cependant, à l’heure où l’Internet des objets devient de plus en plus omniprésent, il existe un nombre croissant de scénarios où les applications de traitement de flux de données consomment des flux de données générés à la périphérie du réseau (via les nombreux appareils et capteurs répartis géographiquement). Dans de tels scénarios, l’envoi de toutes les données via Internet pour être traitées sur un cloud distant, loin de la périphérie du réseau d’où proviennent les données, conduirait à générer un trafic réseau considérable. Cela augmente ainsi de façon significative la latence de bout en bout pour l’application; c’est-à-dire, le délai entre le moment où les données sont collectées et la fin du traitement. L’informatique de périphérie (edge computing) est devenu un paradigme pour alléger les tâches de traitement du cloud vers des ressources situées plus près des sources de données. Bien que l’utilisation combinée de ces ressources soit parfois appelée fog computing, la communauté scientifique ne semble pas avoir atteint un consensus sur la terminologie. Nous appelons la combinaison de ressources cloud et de ressources périphériques une infrastructure cloud-edge.
- Published
- 2020
98. KARTIČNO POSLOVANJE - PERSPEKTIVE RAZVOJA U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI.
- Author
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Kurbegović, Tarik
- Abstract
Copyright of Business Consultant / Poslovni Konsultant is the property of FINconsult Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2014
99. CALCUL DE LA PROFONDEUR NORMALE DANS UNE CONDUITE OVOÏDALE PAR LA METHODE DU MODELE RUGUEUX.
- Author
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LAKEHAL, M. and ACHOUR, B.
- Abstract
Copyright of Larhyss Journal is the property of Biskra University, Research Laboratory in Subterranean & Surface Hydraulics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2014
100. Remotely sensed estimation of water discharge into the rapidly dwindling Dead Sea.
- Author
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Vachtman, D. and Laronne, J.B.
- Subjects
- *
REMOTE sensing , *HYDRAULIC measurements , *STREAM measurements , *WATER levels , *WATER supply - Abstract
The Dead Sea is shrinking as its water level drops at the alarming rate of about 1 m year-1. The Dead Sea is important to the economies of Israel and Jordan due to the extracted minerals (primarily potassium, also magnesium and bromide). It is also central to regional tourism. It is the lowest place on Earth and its endorheic, saline basin attracts international research in various disciplines. Additional to the Lower Jordan River, the discharge of which has been decreased to a small fraction of its original value, fresh to brackish springs are the main source of water to the rapidly dwindling Dead Sea. Although the existence of these springs has been known for decades, until recently estimates of spring water discharge into the Dead Sea were scarce. In this study, we developed a methodology of water discharge estimation for channels incising into a lacustrine bed using remotely sensed data and a single hydraulic geometry variable, water-surface width. Based on calibration of over 400in situmeasurements and simultaneous hydrometric data from aerial images, width–discharge rating curves were established, tested, and found suitable (r2 = 0.92,p = 0.001) for the estimation of water discharge, with ±5% uncertainty. Furthermore, we used these relationships to estimate retrospectively the temporal changes in water discharge of seven main channels traceable in historical aerial images. The reconstructed trend reveals a major (63%) reduction in average freshwater inflow between 1990 and 2006. Our results maximize the use of water-surface width information from aerial imagery, and suggest applicability to areas experiencing rapid exposure of sea/lake bed and consequent access difficulties inin situdischarge monitoring.Editor Z.W. KundzewiczCitation Vachtman, D. and Laronne, J.B., 2014. Remotely sensed estimation of water discharge into the rapidly dwindling Dead Sea. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 59 (8), 1593–1605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2013.852278 [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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