56 results on '"chronic airway disease"'
Search Results
52. Fibrinogenolytic activity of a novel trypsin-like enzyme found in human airway
- Author
-
Yoshinaga, Sumiko, Nakahori, Yutaka, and Yasuoka, Susumu
- Subjects
enzymes and coenzymes (carbohydrates) ,chronic airway disease ,airway ,animal diseases ,parasitic diseases ,sputum ,environment and public health ,fibrinogenolysis ,respiratory tract diseases ,trypsin-like enzyme - Abstract
Previously we isolated a new trypsin-like enzyme designated human airway trypsin-like protease (HAT) from human sputum. In this study,we examined in vitro whether HAT was related to the prevention of fibrin deposition in the airway lumen by cleaving fibrinogen. In mucoid sputum samples from patients with chronic airway diseases, the concentration of fibrinogen, as measured by ELISA, was in the range of 2-20μg/ml, and trypsin-like activity, as measured by spectrofluorometry was in the range of 10-50 milliunits (mU)/ml. We showed by gel filtration that the trypsin-like activity of mucoid sputum was mainly due to HAT. We examined the effects of HAT on human fibrinogen at pH 7.4 and 8.6. Fibrinogen was used at concentrations of 4-2,000μg/ml and HAT purified from sputum at concentrations of 0.6-10 mU/ml. As shown by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, HAT cleaved fibrinogen, especially its α-chain, regardless of the concentration of fibrinogen. Pretreatment of fibrinogen with HAT resulted in a decrease or complete loss of its thrombin-induced clotting capacity, depending on the duration of pretreatment with HAT and the concentration of HAT. From these results we postulated that HAT may participate in the anticoagulation process within the airway, especially at the level of the mucous membrane, by cleaving fibrinogen transported from the blood stream.
- Published
- 1998
53. Lower Airway Virology in Health and Disease-From Invaders to Symbionts.
- Author
-
Jankauskaitė L, Misevičienė V, Vaidelienė L, and Kėvalas R
- Subjects
- Adaptive Immunity, Asthma immunology, Asthma virology, Bacteria virology, Bacteriophages genetics, Chronic Disease, Humans, Immunity, Innate, Symbiosis, Virus Diseases immunology, Lung virology, Lung Diseases virology, Microbiota, Virus Diseases virology, Viruses pathogenicity
- Abstract
Studies of human airway virome are relatively recent and still very limited. Culture-independent microbial techniques showed growing evidence of numerous viral communities in the respiratory microbial ecosystem. The significance of different acute respiratory viruses is already known in the pathogenesis of chronic conditions, such as asthma, cystic fibrosis (CF), or chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD), and their exacerbations. Viral pathogens, such as influenza, metapneumovirus, parainfluenza, respiratory syncytial virus, or rhinovirus, have been associated with impaired immune response, acute exacerbations, and decrease in lung function in chronic lung diseases. However, more data have attributed a role to Herpes family viruses or the newly identified Anelloviridae family of viruses in chronic diseases, such as asthma, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), or CF. Impaired antiviral immunity, bacterial colonization, or used medication, such as glucocorticoids or antibiotics, contribute to the imbalance of airway microbiome and may shape the local viral ecosystem. A specific part of virome, bacteriophages, frames lung microbial communities through direct contact with its host, the specific bacteria known as Pseudomonas aeruginosa or their biofilm formation. Moreover, antibiotic resistance is induced through phages via horizontal transfer and leads to more severe exacerbations of chronic airway conditions. Morbidity and mortality of asthma, COPD, CF, and IPF remains high, despite an increased understanding and knowledge about the impact of respiratory virome in the pathogenesis of these conditions. Thus, more studies focus on new prophylactic methods or therapeutic agents directed toward viral⁻host interaction, microbial metabolic function, or lung microbial composition rearrangement.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
54. Inhaled corticosteroids and the risks of low-energy fractures in patients with chronic airway diseases: A propensity score matched study.
- Author
-
Tsai CH, Liao LY, Lin CL, and Chung WS
- Subjects
- Administration, Inhalation, Adrenal Cortex Hormones therapeutic use, Adult, Aged, Asthma epidemiology, Comorbidity, Disease Progression, Female, Fractures, Bone epidemiology, Hip Fractures epidemiology, Humans, Incidence, Male, Middle Aged, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive complications, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive epidemiology, Risk Factors, Adrenal Cortex Hormones adverse effects, Asthma drug therapy, Fractures, Bone chemically induced, Hip Fractures chemically induced, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive drug therapy
- Abstract
Background and Aims: Inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) are crucial anti-inflammatory medications for chronic airway diseases. Studies investigating the relationship between ICSs and fractures in Asian populations are scant. We investigated whether ICSs increased the risk of low-energy fractures in patients with chronic airway diseases., Methods: We used the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database to select patients aged 20 years and older with chronic airway diseases (asthma and COPD) between 2000 and 2011 as the base cohort. We identified ICS users and ICS non-users matched by propensity score method at 1:1 ratio. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to calculate the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for factors associated with the risk of fracture., Results: A total of 1,182 ICS users and 1,182 controls were enrolled. After adjustment for age, gender, annual exacerbation number of acute respiratory events, comorbidity and medications, the risk of fracture was 1.10 for ICS users (aHR = 1.20; 95% CI = 1.10-1.31) compared with ICS non-users. The ICS users exhibited significantly 1.63-fold risk of hip fracture and 1.24-fold risk of ulna and radius fracture than did the ICS non-users. Patients with medium and high doses of ICS use were associated with significantly increased risks of fracture (aHR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.25-1.76 for medium dose and aHR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.39-1.72 for high dose) compared with those in ICS non-users., Conclusions: Patients with medium and high doses of ICS use are associated with an increased risk of fracture., (© 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
55. Proprotein convertase 5/6A is associated with bone morphogenetic protein‐2‐induced squamous cell differentiation.
- Author
-
Yoon, Joo‐Heon and Lee, Sang‐Nam
- Subjects
- *
CELL differentiation , *NASAL mucosa , *BONE morphogenetic protein receptors , *PROPROTEIN convertases , *NASAL polyps , *EPITHELIAL cells , *TISSUE remodeling - Abstract
Overexpression of PC5/6A and BMP-2 in the human nasal epithelial cell line RPMI-2650 demonstrated that PC5/6A can activate BMP-2. Dec-RVKR-CMK also decreased expression of PC5/6A, but not furin, another PC member, suggesting the involvement of PC5/6A in squamous differentiation of HNECs. Keywords: Nasal Polyp; Squamous Metaplasia; Squamous Differentiation; Chronic Airway Disease; Human Nasal Epithelial Cell EN Nasal Polyp Squamous Metaplasia Squamous Differentiation Chronic Airway Disease Human Nasal Epithelial Cell 1 1 1 03/02/21 20150627 NES 150627 Background Squamous metaplasia in airway epithelium is a pathological process arising from abnormal remodeling/repair responses to injury. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
56. Mysinusitiscoach: Patient empowerment in chronic rhinosinusitis using mobile technology*
- Author
-
Seys, S. F., Bousquet, J., Bachert, C., Fokkens, W. J., Agache, I., Manuel Bernal-Sprekelsen, Callebaut, I., Cardel, L. O., Carrie, S., Castelnuovo, P., Cathcart, R., Constantinidis, J., Cools, L., Cornet, M., Clement, G., Sousa, J. C., Cox, T., Doulaptsi, M., Gevaert, P., Hopkins, C., Hox, V., Hummel, T., Hosemann, W., Jacobs, R., Jorissen, M., Landis, B. N., Leunig, A., Lund, V. J., Mullol, J., Onerci, M., Palkonen, S., Proano, I., Prokopakis, E., Ryan, D., Riechelmann, H., Saevels, J., Segboer, C., Speleman, K., Steinsvik, E. A., Surda, P., Tomazic, P. V., Vanderveken, O., Gerven, L., Zele, T., Verhaeghe, B., Vierstraete, K., Vlaminck, S., Wilkinson, J., Williams, S., Pugin, B., Hellings, P. W., Universidade do Minho, Ear, Nose and Throat, AII - Inflammatory diseases, Contre les MAladies Chroniques pour un VIeillissement Actif en Languedoc-Roussillon (MACVIA-LR), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes (CHU Nîmes)-European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing Reference Site (EIP on AHA), Commission Européenne-Commission Européenne-Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Ghent University Hospital, Transilvania University of Brasov, Thérapeutique Recombinante Expérimentale (TIMC-IMAG-TheREx), Techniques de l'Ingénierie Médicale et de la Complexité - Informatique, Mathématiques et Applications, Grenoble - UMR 5525 (TIMC-IMAG), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Laboratoire de parasitologie-mycologie, CHU Grenoble, Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique Théorique (LAPTH), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Barcelona, University of Edinburgh, and UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie
- Subjects
self-management ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Medicina Básica [Ciências Médicas] ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Quality of life (healthcare) ,Health care ,otorhinolaryngologic diseases ,medicine ,Humans ,Sinusitis ,Patient participation ,030223 otorhinolaryngology ,rhinosinusitis ,Rhinitis ,Computer. Automation ,education ,Science & Technology ,Self-management ,business.industry ,Health technology ,General Medicine ,Evidence-based medicine ,mobile application ,medicine.disease ,Precision medicine ,Mobile Applications ,3. Good health ,Self Care ,chronic airway disease ,030228 respiratory system ,Otorhinolaryngology ,Chronic Disease ,Ciências Médicas::Medicina Básica ,Quality of Life ,Position paper ,Human medicine ,Medical emergency ,Patient Participation ,business - Abstract
Mobile health technology is emerging to take a prominent position in the management of chronic diseases. These technologies aim at enhancing patient empowerment via education and self-management. To date, of all the different apps available for patients with sinus disease, none were developed by medical experts dealing with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). The European Forum for Research and Education in Allergy and Airway diseases (EUFOREA) has undertaken a multi-stakeholder approach for designing, developing and implementing a tool to support CRS patients in monitoring their symptoms and to provide patients with a digital support platform containing reliable medical information about their disease and treatment options. mySinusitisCoach has been developed by medical experts dealing with CRS in close collaboration with patients, primary care physicians and community pharmacists, meeting the needs of both patients and health care providers. From a research perspective, the generation of real life data will help to validate clinical studies, patient stratification and improve understanding of the socio-economic impact of CRS, thereby paving the way for better treatment strategies., info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.