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Fungi-mediated synthesis of Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) has advantages in: high efficiency, low energy consumption, no need for extra capping and stabilizing agents, simple operation, and easy isolation and purification. Many fungi have been found to synthesize AuNPs inside cells or outside cells, providing different composition and properties of particles when different fungi species or reaction conditions are used. This is good to produce AuNPs with different properties, but may cause challenges to precisely control the particle shape, size, and activities. Besides, low concentrations of substrate and fungal biomass are needed to synthesize small-size particles, limiting the yield of AuNPs in a large scale. To find clues for the development methods to solve these challenges, the reported mechanisms of the fungi-mediated synthesis of AuNPs were summarized. The mechanisms of intracellular AuNPs synthesis are dependent on gold ions absorption by the fungal cell wall via proteins, polysaccharides, or electric absorption, and the reduction of gold ions via enzymes, proteins, and other cytoplasmic redox mediators in the cytoplasm or cell wall. The extracellular synthesis of AuNPs is mainly due to the metabolites outside fungal cells, including proteins, peptides, enzymes, and phenolic metabolites. These mechanisms cause the great diversity of the produced AuNPs in functional groups, element composition, shapes, sizes, and properties. Many methods have been developed to improve the synthesis efficiency by changing: chloroauric acid concentrations, reaction temperature, pH, fungal mass, and reaction time. However, future studies are still required to precisely control the: shape, size, composition, and properties of fungal AuNPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Enhancing awareness of personal cleanliness and antibacterial resistance has intensified the antibacterial substance request on consumable products. Antibacterial agents that have been commercialized nowadays are produced from inorganic and non-renewable substances. This provides several drawbacks, particularly against health and environmental issues. Therefore, many scientists work on substituting fossil-fuel-based antibacterial agents with natural ones such as from biomass. Biomass derivatives, natural abundances of biopolymers in the world, amount to major compounds including polysaccharides (cellulose, hemicellulose, and chitosan) and polyphenol (tannin and lignin) substances which are capable to combat the growth of Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria. To date, no report focuses on a deep understanding of antibacterial properties derived from biomass and the internal and external factors effects. This work provides that gap because comprehensive knowledge is necessary before applying biomass to the products. The potency of biomass derivatives as antibacterial additives is also summarized. Basic knowledge of antibacterial characteristics to the application in products is highlighted in this review. Besides, the discussion about challenges and future perspectives is also delivered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aims: Children and neonates are more susceptible to diseases and are a vulnerable group in medication administration (MA). Nurses interact directly with patients, ensuring safety and preventing unintended outcomes. Health Information Technology (HIT) has transformed health care, aiding nurses in decision‐making and treatment responses. Despite its benefits, technology presents challenges that must be overcome to facilitate the nursing practice. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore the barriers to HIT use in the process of MA in children and neonates in a developing country. Methods: Semi‐structured face‐to‐face interviews were conducted with 22 health care professionals across seven pediatric and neonatal settings. Also, observations were made of these settings for 3 weeks. A qualitative analysis was performed using the conventional content analysis method, recommended by Colaizzi's seven‐step approach. Results: The results showed that the most significant barriers to adopting technology in MA process could be classified into two main categories: "inappropriate management approaches" with two sub‐categories ("Managers' reluctance to adopt new technology", "lack of adequate budget for hardware resources"), and "resistance to change" with two sub‐categories ("A desire to use conventional (traditional) approaches in care", "cultural issues and impracticality of providing some specialized technology services"). Conclusion: The findings revealed MA process complexities, which have been insufficiently examined in the current literature. We have highlighted the need for improved "effectiveness of HIT systems in administering medication processes, budget for hardware resources, and managers" interest in using new technology. The present findings can guide the development of more effective and user‐friendly HIT systems in pediatric and neonatal care settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing is the property of Editorial Department of Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A change in the way Indian shows and television shows are produced may be seen in the release of Sacred Games, the first Indian original series on Netflix. It is essential to understand this series because it has generated a market for Indian television shows on Netflix in India. Even though the relationship between cops and gangsters in a city is a well-known one, this show's portrayal of it takes the form of seasons and episodes, with the city's portrayal being the main focus to help the viewer understand it. With regard to gendered politics, women, patriarchy, and intergroup violence, it discusses how criminals, politicians, the mafia, businessmen, and the Bombay Police are depicted. Also, it focuses on contentious issues like the dynamic between lawmakers and lawbreakers, religious violence, staged encounters, and bribery in the entertainment sector. Because of its distinctive portrayals of cities, people, topics, and plot lines, and because of its narrative approach, the series Sacred Games stands out from the competition. An extensive content analysis technique is employed for each episode of Sacred Games to comprehend the web series as a whole. This research paper examines the distinctive elements of the Indian television series Sacred Games, including its unique storytelling style, character depiction, and storyline structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: A challenge to pre-hospital emergency care is any barrier or obstacle that impedes quality pre-hospital care or impacts community pre-hospital utilization. The Addis Ababa Fire and Disaster Risk Management Commission (AAFDRMC) provides pre-hospital emergency services in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. These services operate under a government-funded organization that delivers free emergency services, including out-of-hospital medical care and transportation to the most appropriate health facility. This study aimed to assess the challenges of pre-hospital emergency care at the Addis Ababa Fire and Disaster Risk Management Commission in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: A qualitative descriptive study was conducted from November 20 to December 4, 2022. Data were collected through in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 21 experienced individuals in the field of pre-hospital emergency care, who were selected using purposeful sampling. A thematic analysis method was used to analyze the data. Results: This study includes twenty-one participants working at the Addis Ababa Fire and Disaster Risk Management Commission. Three major themes emerged. The themes that arose were the participants' perspectives on the challenges of pre-hospital emergency care in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Conclusion and recommendation: The Fire and Disaster Risk Management Commission faces numerous challenges in providing quality pre-hospital emergency care in Addis Ababa. Respondents stated that infrastructure, communication, and resources were the main causes of pre-hospital emergency care challenges. There has to be more focus on emergency management in light of infrastructure reform, planning, staff training, and education, recruiting additional professional power, improving communication, and making pre-hospital emergency care an independent organization in the city. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study aims to investigate international measures for pandemic control in the workplace based on guidelines from international organizations to learn from their experiences. Methods: We conducted a qualitative study using content analysis. The search method involved reviewing published guidelines on preventing and responding to the COVID-19 pandemic in workplaces. After the screening process, ten guidelines were included in the content analysis. During the analysis, 200 meaning codes, 49 subcategories, and eleven categories were identified. Trustworthiness criteria were utilized to ensure the accuracy and strength of the findings. Results: Eleven categories of international content during the COVID-19 pandemic were legal requirements and duties of employees and employers, structural and program changes, risk assessment, risk communication, information and training, internal and external consultation and cooperation, provision of facilities and tools for workplace hygiene, special conditions, special groups, closing and reopening workplaces, reducing contact and exposure and mental health. Conclusions: Protecting employees during a pandemic requires a multifaceted approach and strong advocacy. The operational plan for pandemic control should be developed based on the level of risk, with support tailored to employees' conditions and needs. Cooperation among international organizations is essential to develop a standardized plan and issue comprehensive guidelines in response to health emergencies with a global perspective and local implementation, drawing from the lessons learned during the COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Antibiotic resistance, a known global health challenge, involves the flow of bacteria and their genes among animals, humans, and their surrounding environment. It occurs when bacteria evolve and become less responsive to the drugs designated to kill them, making infections harder to treat. Despite several obstacles preventing the spread of genes and bacteria, pathogens regularly acquire novel resistance factors from other species, which reduces their ability to prevent and treat such bacterial infections. This issue requires coordinated efforts in healthcare, research, and public awareness to address its impact on human health worldwide. This review outlines how recent advances in gene editing technology, especially CRISPR/Cas9, unveil a breakthrough in combating antibiotic resistance. Our focus will remain on the relationship between CRISPR/cas9 and its impact on antibiotic resistance and its related infections. Moreover, the prospects of this new advanced research and the challenges of adopting these technologies against infections will be outlined by exploring its different derivatives and discussing their advantages and limitations over others, thereby providing a corresponding reference for the control and prevention of the spread of antibiotic resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Objective Methods Results Conclusion Implication The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) across different sectors, notably healthcare, is on the rise. However, a thorough exploration of AI's incorporation into nursing research, as well as its advantages and obstacles, is still lacking.The aim of this scoping review was to map the roles, benefits, challenges, and potentials for the future development and use of AI in the context of nursing research.An exhaustive search was conducted across seven databases: MEDLINE, PsycINFO, SCOPUS, Web of Science, CINAHL, Google Scholar, and ProQuest. Articles were additionally identified through manual examination of reference lists of the articles that were included in the study. The search criteria were restricted to articles published in English between 2010 and 2023. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) approach for scoping reviews and the PRISMA‐ScR guidelines guided the processes of source selection, data extraction, and data presentation.Twenty articles met the inclusion criteria, covering topics from ethical considerations to methodological issues and AI's capabilities in data analysis and predictive modeling.The review identified both the potentials and complexities of integrating AI into nursing research. Ethical and legal considerations warrant a coordinated approach from multiple stakeholders.The findings emphasized AI's potential to revolutionize nursing research, underscoring the need for ethical guidelines, equitable access, and AI literacy training to ensure its responsible and inclusive use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: 3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, is a rapidly advancing technology in the life sciences sector. Several countries, including the USA, Canada and Singapore, have established regulations for 3D printing of pharmaceutical products. The growing demand for personalized medical devices presents a significant challenge to traditional manufacturing methods. Materials and Methods: This study aims to provide a concise overview of the introduction, history and evolution of 3D printers, their development process and their role and guidelines and focus is on exploring regulatory parameters related to 3D printing in the United States, Canada and Singapore. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued guidance outlining its initial considerations for technical aspects specific to devices using additive manufacturing. The regulatory landscape of 3D-printed medical devices and biologics in the United States is discussed, emphasizing key challenges and considerations. Results and Discussion: A comparative analysis in Selected counties was conducted across various aspects, including user needs, design input, performance requirements, design processes, functional requirements, design output, verification and validation, bio-printing regulatory perspectives, standardization and certification. Conclusion: As additive manufacturing technology advances, 3D bio-printing has emerged as an efficient tool for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering, integrating computer-aided manufacturing into healthcare delivery. The applications of 3D printing in the healthcare field extend to creating and implementing patient-specific solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Technology innovation is the fundamental solution to build a modern agricultural system, and it is also an important support for building the large base, large enterprise, and large industry of modern agriculture and achieving the modernization of material equipment, technology, management, agricultural informatization, and sustainable resource utilization of agriculture. This paper explains the scientific concepts and logical relationships of the agricultural production system, industrial system and management system, which are the main components of a modern agricultural system. It emphasizes that ensuring food security, promoting industrial integration and upgrading, and cultivating leading enterprises are current key tasks. Nevertheless, from the perspective of scientific and technological innovation, China still faces challenges in the construction of a modern agricultural system, such as weak scientific and technological support capabilities in the production system, low advanced scientific and technological content in the industrial system, and insufficient application of technology in the management system. These challenges severely impact the core driving role of technological innovation in building a modern agricultural system. Some policy suggestions are given to the construction of modern agricultural system by technology innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

International Construction Joint Ventures (ICJVs) offer benefits to both local and foreign partners. However, their failure rates tend to be high, leading to poor ICJV performance. Effective Project Management (PM) is considered a means to resolve challenges in a construction project. Therefore, this research aims to address the challenges in ICJV projects within the Sri Lankan construction industry through PM practices to establish successful ICJVs. The research adopted a mixed-method approach. A preliminary survey was conducted to validate the challenges in the Sri Lankan context. After that, challenges were ranked based on their significance level using the Relative Importance Index (RII) method through a questionnaire survey. Then, Semi-structured interviews were conducted to identify the PM practices that can address significant challenges through code-based content analysis. The study revealed 38 challenges applicable to ICJVs and identified 88 PM practices for resolving 10 significant challenges out of the 38 identified in ICJV projects in Sri Lanka (SL). Finally, a framework was developed for successful ICJVs by addressing challenges through PM practices. This study marks the first attempt to establish a framework for successful ICJVs by addressing challenges through PM practices in the Sri Lankan construction industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since its establishment, the Islamic Republic of Iran has faced various political challenges. In some instances, certain crises appeared sufficient to topple the regime, yet through crisis management by Iran's leaders, conditions eventually led to the stabilization of the revolution. The present study aims to explore the methods of the Supreme Leader and the model for addressing the political challenges of the Islamic Republic. The main research question is: ‘Does the Supreme Leader have a comprehensive model for managing political crises?’ To this aim was used qualitative descriptive method, employing document analysis and targeted sampling through interviews with experts. Content analysis of these interviews has also been conducted to identify the components of the research. Results: The study of methods and actions within the framework of crisis leadership was conducted based on indicators of control, mobilization, spiritual influence, and informed management of events. After interviews with experts, the findings were categorized into four levels: Preventive measures and challenge identification, decision-making, confrontation and management of challenges and crises, shaping awareness and conceptualization, learning, and delineating crisis lessons. Key components include: Macro-level policymaking, information assessment and awareness, management of destabilizing events, decisive confrontation with crisis inducing factors and conditions, leadership of public opinion, clarification of citizens’ and institutions’ responsibilities, utilization of the spiritual influence of the Supreme Leader, discourse formation, conceptualization, education, foresight, and further elaboration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Exploring the challenges experienced by the pre-hospital emergency personnel to prevent the secondary injuries and provide more effective services to children can be helpful. This study aims to explain the safety challenges of children in the pre-hospital emergencies. Methods: This qualitative study, which was conducted with the content analysis approach, was a semistructured, and in-depth data collection process with the field notes for pre-hospital emergency personnel in Dezful city in 2022. Sampling was done in a targeted and available manner. The sampling process continued until the data saturation was reached. The trustworthiness of data was improved by reviewing and revising the data, experience and expertise of the interviewer, review of research participants and researchers. The research data, including interview texts and field notes, were divided into the semantic units, and then summarized by compression, and then abstracted in the order of subclasses, main classes, and finally themes. Results: Qualitative data analysis of interviews and notes led to the extraction of eight themes, which expressed the nature of children's safety challenges in the pre-hospital emergency: the lack of pre-hospital equipment for children, physical and mental characteristics of children, the lack of safety of vehicles for children, the lack of clinical skills of personnel for children, anxiety and non-cooperation of parents, operational and legal problems, the lack of attention to professional responsibility and high work pressure in children's missions. Conclusion: This study's results showed that identifying children's safety challenges for pre-hospital emergency personnel can help better understand the care needs of this age group and help managers plan in order to reduce children's safety challenges in the pre-hospitalmissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Humanities Journal of University of Zakho (HJUOZ) is the property of Humanities Journal of University of Zakho and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: Creating value in family firms is considered a challenge, especially with the entry of the second generation. It is important to identify the obstacles and solutions to the challenges in the value creation process. This article answers the question of what factors prevent the success of the G1 and G2 in value creation and what solutions are there to deal with these challenges. In this research, the construct of "5 management levers at the corporate analysis level and the capabilities of G1 and G2 at the level of family analysis" were used. This research identifies and describes some of the barriers firms face and solutions are provided in this field. Method: To investigate the above relationships, a literature review method and case study of 5 firms were used with 13 semi-structured interviews with G1 and G2 and experts in the publishing industry. After the theoretical saturation of the findings, they were matched with the theoretical views of the background, and finally, the resulting data were analyzed using the analytical method of Straus Corbin. Using the construct of "5 managerial levers (Crossan, 2010)and capabilities of G1 and G2 in solving value creation challenges (Soluk J. K., 2021)" at the level of corporate and family analysis, based on the findings of axial and selective coding, a descriptive model and a theoretical framework were presented. Results: The factors of solving conflicts and obstacles with the interaction of two generations, acceptance of G2 in the firm, succession and empowerment of the new generation and reducing the risk aversion of the G1 with the arrival of the new generation and specialists were recognized as the main categories. and the factors of creating vision and motivation and flexibility in G1, interactions and exchanging knowledge and ideas between two generations, changing management style, structure and systems by transferring management to the new generation and creating an innovative culture and changing culture with The arrival of G2 and specialists were recognized as twogeneration value creation solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Desmopressin (1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin [DDAVP]) has demonstrated efficacy as a treatment option for patients with inherited bleeding disorders. Because of individuals' variable response to the medication, it is recommended to complete a challenge to document appropriate hemostatic response to the medication before recommending its use prior to surgical procedures or treatment of bleeding symptoms. The project aimed to reduce the errors in hemostatic response assessments for patients with bleeding disorders undergoing a DDAVP challenge (process outcome), particularly timing and number of blood samples drawn, from an error rate baseline of 36% to 0% by December 2021 and sustained for one year. Method: Plan-Do-Study-Act methodology was employed for this qualitative improvement initiative. Interventions designed and implemented included: an order set with medication doses and corresponding laboratory orders as clinically indicated for the bleeding disorder indication, clinical procedure guidelines for infusion nurses to follow, hemostasis nurse coordination of appointments with patients, and family education. Results: Baseline data on 22 patients who completed a DDAVP challenge demonstrated a 36% error rate not involving doses of medication administered. Errors encountered included improper timing of laboratory draw after DDAVP administration, incomplete laboratory evaluation, laboratory results displayed incorrectly due to testing orders released at once instead of in a sequential manner. These interventions resulted in a reduction of DDAVP challenge errors to 0% that were sustained for one year. Conclusion: Improvement in procedural medication administration and appropriate laboratory evaluation of patients undergoing a DDAVP challenge leads to a complete and reliable assessment of hemostatic response following medication administration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Course-based research experiences (CUREs) are shown to be more engaging for college students, lead to better academic performance, and increase students’ intent to persist in science. This especially holds true when compared to lecture-based science courses with standard lab assignments. Less attention has been given, however, to the nuanced week-by-week experiences of students participating in CURE courses over a semester. This study addresses why it is crucial to understand how student interest is sustained throughout the CURE course, despite potential challenges and frustrations. Conducted over a 15-week period, this longitudinal study examines enrolled students (N = 170) who had one of 13 instructors from six institutions. The results indicate that students’ high frustration with participation in CUREs moderates the relationship between perceived challenge and interest. In addition, higher levels of the variable ‘meaning making’ among students have significant associations with week-by-week interest maintenance throughout the semester. Findings suggest that to sustain high levels of student interest over a semester, CURE instructors should focus more on reducing student frustration within CURE course operations. To further support student interest, these findings also suggest that instructors need to foster and emphasize the connections of CURE course content to students’ own lives and personal goals to sustain their interest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Integrated ocean management (IOM) aligns with the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and serves as a crucial strategy for promoting the enduring health of marine ecosystems and the sustainable utilization of marine resources. An analysis of the evolution of China's integrated ocean management policy (IOMP) is crucial for providing valuable guidance in achieving sustainable growth in marine management and the marine economy for both China and other coastal nations worldwide. This paper studies the evolution characteristics, challenges, and prospects of IOMP in China since 1978 using content analysis. The findings indicate that the evolution of IOMP can be categorized into four stages: the germination period (1978–1998), the construction period (1999–2009), the systematization period (2010–2017), and the strategization period (2018–present), based on the state of international marine management. The IOMP has transitioned over time from its initial emphasis on resource development during the germination period to a strategization period that prioritizes the full development of all parts of the system. However, the ultimate goal has consistently been to achieve harmonious coexistence between people and the sea. China's IOMP has experienced a progressive development; nevertheless, it continues to encounter obstacles such as the pressing requirement to revise sea-related policies and the absence of policy alignment. The objective of this paper is to explore the evolution, challenges, and prospects of China's IOMP to better improve the land–sea coordination policy, strengthen international judicial cooperation. and provide effective policy reference for other maritime countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Evidence suggests that radiography activities have a significant impact on the environment. With growing awareness of the negative environmental consequences of radiography services, there is an increasing call for radiographers to adopt sustainable practices. However, little is known about the levels of awareness, current practices, and challenges faced by radiographers working in low-resource settings on this subject. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the awareness, practices, and challenges among Zimbabwean and Zambian radiographers about environmental sustainability in radiography. An exploratory descriptive qualitative research design was used in this study. Two focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted with 19 purposively sampled participants (N = 8 and N = 11) in Zimbabwe and Zambia, respectively. The audio recordings were transcribed verbatim and analysed using Braun and Clarke's thematic analysis six-phase framework. Following thematic data analysis three main themes emerged: awareness of the concept of sustainability among radiographers, sustainability practices in radiography, and challenges of implementing sustainability in radiography. The study found that some radiology departments continue to rely on film-screen imaging systems due to insufficient financial resources to transition to digital imaging systems. Consequently, this constraint emerged as the central obstacle thwarting the implementation of sustainable practices in radiography. Most radiographers understood the concept of sustainability in radiography; however, they were concerned about the negative impact of radiography practices on the environment and wanted more training and financial support to mitigate this impact. Environmental sustainability should be integrated into the radiography curriculum and provision of continuing professional development (CPD) to impart radiographers with knowledge and the best practices. Periodical audits should be conducted to monitor sustainable practices and reward deserving radiology departments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It has been a year since the launch of Chat Generator Pre-Trained Transformer (ChatGPT), a generative artificial intelligence (AI) program. The introduction of this cross-generational product initially brought a huge shock to people with its incredible potential and then aroused increasing concerns among people. In the field of medicine, researchers have extensively explored the possible applications of ChatGPT and achieved numerous satisfactory results. However, opportunities and issues always come together. Problems have also been exposed during the applications of ChatGPT, requiring cautious handling, thorough consideration, and further guidelines for safe use. Here, the authors summarized the potential applications of ChatGPT in the medical field, including revolutionizing healthcare consultation, assisting patient management and treatment, transforming medical education, and facilitating clinical research. Meanwhile, the authors also enumerated researchers' concerns arising along with its broad and satisfactory applications. As it is irreversible that AI will gradually permeate every aspect of modern life, the authors hope that this review can not only promote people's understanding of the potential applications of ChatGPT in the future but also remind them to be more cautious about this "Pandora's Box" in the medical field. It is necessary to establish normative guidelines for its safe use in the medical field as soon as possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The literature on transitional care in anorectal malformation (ARM) and Hirschsprung's disease (HD) is diverse and heterogeneous. There is a lack of standards and guidelines specific to transitional care in these conditions. We aim to establish and systematically categorize challenges and solutions related to colorectal transition care. Systematic review of qualitative studies from MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed and Scopus databases (2008–2022) was conducted to identify the challenges and solutions of healthcare transition specific to ARM and HD. Thematic analyses are reported with reference to patient, healthcare provider and healthcare system. Sixteen studies from 234 unique articles were included. Fourteen themes related to challenges and solutions, each, are identified. Most challenges identified are patient related. The key challenges pertain to: (1) patient's lack of understanding of their disorder, resulting in over-reliance on the pediatric surgical team and reluctance towards transitioning to adult services; (2) a lack of education and awareness among adult colorectal surgeons in caring for pediatric colorectal conditions and inadequate communication between pediatric and adult teams; and (3) a lack of structured transition program and joint-clinic to meet the needs of the transitioning patients. The key solutions are: (1) fostering young adult patient's autonomy and independence; (2) conducting joint pediatric-adult transition clinics; and (3) ensuring a structured and coordinated transition program is available using a standardized guideline. A comprehensive framework related to barriers and solutions for pediatric colorectal transition is established to help benchmark care quality of transitional care services. IV. Systematic review without meta-analysis. • Standards specific to pediatric colorectal transitional care is lacking. • A framework consists of 14 challenges and 14 solutions specific to ARM and HD transition is established. They are systematically categorized into patient, healthcare provider and healthcare system related, to facilitate standards setting and guidelines development for transition programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Smart buildings play a key role in the complex ecosystem of cities and are often subject to barriers that limit their development. Although identifying these barriers is fundamental to creating an enabling environment for this segment's expansion, few works aim to identify these challenges. This work has two main objectives: (1) to research the main barriers limiting the development of new smart building projects and (2) to prioritize these barriers from the perspective of professionals with experience in the field. We adopted an exploratory approach common in research that focuses on identifying and prioritizing variables related to a phenomenon, which is based on two main actions: obtaining information through a careful literature review and consulting professionals who work in the concerned field. The results showed that professionals assessed the 23 barriers identified through bibliographic research as important, with the most important being related to lack of qualified professionals, shortage of government policies, higher initial and construction costs, macroeconomic barriers and access to financing, high cost of intelligent systems and technologies, regulatory barriers, lack of knowledge about the current and potential benefits of smart buildings, and more complex design and construction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of University of Sharjah Journal of Law Sciences (JLS) is the property of University of Sharjah - Scientific Publishing Unit and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The sustainable redevelopment of urban brownfields represents a complex interplay of socio-economic, environmental, and regulatory factors. This study addresses the research problem of quantifying the challenges inherent in the sustainable redevelopment process and hypothesizes that these challenges vary significantly across different domains such as governance, environmental impact, financial economics, technical operations, and legal regulations. Employing Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), the study aims to explore and quantify these challenges, providing actionable insights for policymakers and stakeholders. Focusing on brownfield projects within Chengdu’s five urban districts, a survey was conducted spanning from November 1, 2023, to March 1, 2024, with a total of 436 respondents participating. Drawing upon an extensive dataset encompassing governance, environmental impact, financial economics, technical operations, and legal regulations, we provide a comprehensive analysis of their influence on the sustainable development of urban brownfields. The results indicate that legal and regulatory challenges exert the most significant negative impact on sustainable development, necessitating policy reforms and strategic initiatives. This research contributes to the urban planning literature by offering a nuanced understanding of the obstacles faced in urban brownfield redevelopment and highlighting the potential pathways to navigate these challenges.

Background: This study investigated the impact of socio-economic variables influencing the provision of basic skills for navigating the challenges of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR). Objectives: The study aims to describe the variables underpinning this study, using statistical analysis and quantitative measurement as displayed in Table 1. It also investigates the role of socio-economic variables, using a Chi-Square test and Multinomial Logistic Regression techniques, in the provision of basic skills for handling direct and indirect challenges of the 4IR. Further, it attempts to provide recommendations, based on research findings, on strategies for ensuring that long-distance truck drivers are well-equipped with the necessary skills for meeting the demands of the 4IR. Method: The study utilised a quantitative research method. A multinomial regression model was used to describe long-distance truck driver data collected in South Africa. A total of 314 participants completed the questionnaire. Results: Results revealed that variables such as driver’s education level, frequency of route usage, company type, and driver’s work location are significant predictors in predicting whether a given truck driver possesses basic skills for handling the challenges of the 4IR. This finding holds significant practical implications, as it allows for targeted interventions and tailored strategies aimed at effectively addressing the identified predictors to encourage the desired response of having long-distance truck drivers equipped with essential 4IR skills. Conclusion: This study contributes to the body of knowledge regarding factors affecting long-distance truck drivers in getting basic 4IR skills essential for them to properly implement new technologies arising in the haulage trucking industry. Contribution: It documents the experiences of long-distance truck drivers in the face of newly emerging technologies in the transport industry.

Copyright of Food Science & Technology & Economy is the property of Grain Science & Technology & Economy Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)