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Copyright of Hacettepe University Journal of Economics & Administrative Sciences / Hacettepe Üniversitesi Iktisadi ve Idari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Hacettepe University, Faculty of Economic & Administrative Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of European Oral Research is the property of Istanbul University, Faculty of Dentistry and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences is the property of Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bingol University Journal of Economics & Administrative Science is the property of Bingol University Journal of Economics & Administrative Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study aims to determine the effect of economic and other types of globalization on the growth of the Turkish economy. The study results are crucial in terms of revealing the impact of globalization on economic growth. In the study, Turkey's economic and other globalization indices from 1970 to 2018 and GDP data were used. Since the series representing the variables are stationary at their first difference, Engle–Granger cointegration analysis was performed, and the error correction method was applied for the variables with cointegration. The causality relationships between the variables were examined with the Toda–Yamamoto method. According to the analysis, cointegration has been determined between economic globalization and economic growth. There is unidirectional causality from economic and commercial globalization to economic growth and economic growth to financial globalization and bidirectional causality between general globalization and economic growth. As a result, it has been revealed that economic globalization positively affects economic growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current status of whiting (Merlangius merlangus Linnaeus, 1758) populations in the Sea of Marmara (Turkey) was evaluated by estimating growth and mortality rates in this study. The overall sex ratio (M:F) was calculated as 1:1.36. b value of LWR computed as 2.8904 for both sex groups, and M. merlangus showed a negative allometric growth type by Pauly's t-test result. The age of individuals in the population ranged from I to VI. The growth parameters were estimated as L∞ = 35.74 cm, k = 0.124 yr-1, and t0 = -1.338 years for all individuals. Total mortality (Z), natural mortality (M), and fishing mortality (F) rates were calculated as 1.35 yr-1, 0.34 yr-1, and 1.01 yr-1, respectively. The Phi-prime growth index (φ′) and exploitation rate (E) of the population were calculated as 2.20 and 0.75 yr-1 . According to the results, it is obvious that the whiting stocks in the Marmara Sea are currently used at a high capacity (E = 0.75 yr-1 ). The impact of over-fishing can have increasingly detrimental effects on the overall population size of this population. Fisheries management practices in the Marmara Sea should be regulated by taking into account the ecosystem change, fishing fleet, and unreported catch data. In addition, temporal or spatial fishing bans can be applied by increasing the selectivity of fishing gear. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Duzce University Journal of Science & Technology is the property of Duzce University Journal of Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Emerging Economies & Policy is the property of JOEEP: Journal of Emerging Economies & Policy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Emerging Economies & Policy is the property of JOEEP: Journal of Emerging Economies & Policy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Omer Halisdemir Universitesi Iktisadi ve Idari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Omer Halisdemir University, Faculty of Economics & Admistrative Sciene and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of TESAM Academy Journal is the property of Tesam Academy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ege Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences (EgeJFAS) / Su Ürünleri Dergisi is the property of Ege Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences (EgeJFAS) / Su Urunleri Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Itobiad: Journal of the Human & Social Science Researches / İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Itobiad: Journal of the Human & Social Science Researches and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Kur’an birçok ilme ilham kaynağı olmuştur. Zaman ilerledikçe yeni bilimler teşekkül etmiş ve farklı bakış açılarıyla Kur’an’ın manaları daha da zenginleşmiştir. Bunlardan biri de psikoloji bilimidir. Psikoloji kısaca, insan davranışlarını ve bunların altyapısını inceleyen bilimdir. Psikolojinin de ana unsuru olan insan, Kur’an’ın da ana konularından birisidir. İnsan, hayatı boyunca tüm yönleriyle değişim ve gelişim içerisindedir. Gelişim psikolojisi, insanların yaşa bağlı olarak hangi duygu, düşünce, davranış ve kişilik özellikleri gösterdiğini, doğum öncesinden başlayarak yaşlılığa kadar insanların nasıl değiştiğini ve geliştiğini inceler. Bu incelemeyi fiziksel, biyolojik, bilişsel, zihinsel, psikososyal, kişisel, dini, ahlâkî vb. gelişim boyutlarıyla ele alır. Kur’an bir bilim kitabı olmamakla birlikte, içerisinde insanın gelişim evreleri olan bebeklik, çocukluk, gençlik, olgunluk ve ihtiyarlık konusunda bilgiler mevcuttur. Kur’an, doğum öncesinden başlayarak ölüme kadar insan hayatını göz önünde bulundurmakla, insanın her yönüyle olumlu bir gelişim süreci geçirmesini, bu süreçleri tefekkür edip ibret ve ders almasını, neticede hidayete ulaşmasını istemektedir. Kur’an kıssaları içerisinde en güzeli olarak tarif edilen Yusuf kıssası, insan gelişimine dair bir hayli veriyi içermesinden dolayı araştırmaya konu olmuştur. Bu araştırmada, Kur’an’da hayatı bütün olarak anlatılan Hz. Yusuf’un gelişim aşamaları, gelişim psikolojisindeki öne çıkan kuramlar bağlamında ele alınmaktadır.

İslam Medeniyetinin öncü düşünürlerinden biri olan İbn Haldun, sosyal bilimler alanında yaptığı katkılarla yaşadığı coğrafyanın sınırlarını aşmış, çağının ötesine geçmiş ve evrensel bir karaktere sahip olmuştur. İbn Haldun, tarih, tarih felsefesi başta olmak üzere birçok disiplinin öncüsü olarak kabul edilmiştir. Bu bağlamda, İbn Haldun’un ekonomiye dair tespitleri ve görüşleri, günümüzde ana akım iktisatta yer alan birçok düşüncenin temelini oluşturmaktadır. İbn Haldun’un kalkınma anlayışını kurumsal yapılar ve iktisadi faktörler olmak üzere iki ana başlıkta incelemek mümkündür. Yapılan çalışmada İbn Haldun’un kalkınma anlayışını inşa eden iktisadi faktörler anlatılmaya çalışılmıştır. Emek, işbölümü, kamu harcamaları, düşük vergilendirme, nüfus politikası ve iklim yapısının iktisadi kalkınma üzerindeki etkisi İbn Haldun’un Mukaddime adlı eseri çerçevesinde sunulmaya çalışılmıştır. Söz konusu düşünceler, çağdaş kavramlar/bakış açısı ile değerlendirilmeye tabi tutulduğunda, günümüz iktisadi problemlere çözüm sağlama noktasında yeterli potansiyele sahip olduğu görülecektir.

Dışa açıklık, ticari ve finansal açıklık olarak incelenmektedir. Bir ülkenin ticari ve finansal olarak dışa açık olup olmaması, ülke içerisinde uyguladığı ekonomi politikalarının diğer ülkelerle ne derecede uyumlu olduğunu ölçmeye yarayan bir araçtır. Ülkelerin neden ticari ve finansal liberalizasyona ihtiyaç duydukları, ticari ve finansal açıklığın büyüme üzerine etkileri ile açıklanabilir. Bu çalışmanın amacı da, G7 ülkeleri olarak bilinen, Kanada, Almanya, Fransa, İngiltere, İtalya, Japonya ve Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’ne ait, son 50 yılda, 1970-2020, ticari ve finansal açıklık göstergelerinin ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki etkisinin araştırılmasıdır. Panel veri analizi ile yapılan incelemeler sonucunda, ticari ve finansal dışa açıklığın ekonomik büyümede meydana gelen değişimleri açıkladıkları, ticari ve finansal dışa açıklıktaki bir artışın büyümede de bir artışa yol açtığı görülmüştür.

Copyright of Journal of Financial Politic & Economic Reviews / Finans Politik & Ekonomik Yorumlar is the property of Journal of Financial Politic & Economic Reviews / Finans Politik & Ekomomik Yorumlar and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Efil Journal of Economic Research / Efil Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Efil Journal of Economic Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Security Studies / Güvenlik Calışmalari Dergisi is the property of Turkish National Police Academy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Entrepreneurship & Development / Girisimcilik ve Kalkinma Dergisi is the property of Journal of Entrepreneurship & Development / Girisimcilik ve Kalkinma Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: The study was conducted to evaluate growth in children aged 1-2 years. Methods: In this study conducted with 302 children and their mothers, data on children and their families were obtained using a questionnaire. Z-scores were determined by measuring the weight and height of the children, and these were compared with percentile curves developed for Turkish children. Energy and macronutrient consumption were determined by taking a daily food consumption record for each child. Results: The average age, birth weight and height of children were 18.6±3.2 months, 3.2±0.5 kg and 50.0±2.3 cm, respectively. Their current weight and height were determined as 11.4±1.6 kg and 80.6±6.5 cm. It was observed that 85.6% of the children had normal body weight, 69.5% normal BMI and 56.2% normal height z score. It has been determined that body weight and height z-scores are higher in girls compared to boys (22.1%, 32.6% and 24.7% respectively in + 2SD). Body weights of children with high monthly income were also found to be significantly higher (15.6% in + 2SD, p=0.038). Conclusions: It has been concluded that the standards, gender and the economic status of the family in this age period are effective on childrens' growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of bilig: Journal of Social Sciences of the Turkish World is the property of bilig: Journal of Social Sciences of the Turkish World and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Finance Letters / Maliye Finans Yazıları Dergisi is the property of Maliye Finans Yazilari Yayimcilik Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemsirelik Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi is the property of Dokuz Eylul Universitesi Hemsirelik Fakultesi Elektronik Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Kocatepe Veterinary Journal / Kocatepe Veteriner Dergisi is the property of Afyon Kocatepe University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: We aimed to investigate the efficacy of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) for maintaining remission and reduce the number of relapses in childhood steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome. The effects of MMF on growth and blood pressure parameters were also evaluated. Material and Methods: This retrospective, single-center observational study included patients with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome who were treated using MMF between 2009 and 2019 in the Department of Pediatric Nephrology in our hospital. Results: Ten patients had steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome; six patients frequently had relapsing nephrotic syndrome in this study. The mean duration of the disease was 93.3±25.0 months and the mean duration of the MMF onset was 33.9±16.7 months after diagnosis. Ten patients showed a 50% or greater reduction in the relapse rate and the prednisolone treatment was discontinued in eight patients for six months or more. Compared to the previous year, before the start of the MMF treatment, there was a 52.7% reduction in the relapse rate and a 36.6% reduction in the cumulative annual dose of steroid after 12 months of MMF treatment. The height z score and the median office systolic blood pressure standard deviation scores of the patients improved after MMF treatment (respectively p = 0.003, p = 0.01). Conclusion: The findings suggest that MMF may lead to decreased relapse rates and cumulative steroid dose, which has a positive effect on growth and blood pressure parameters in steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Public Finance Studies / Maliye Çalismalari Dergisi is the property of Journal of Public Finance Studies / Maliye Calismalari Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Istanbul Journal of Economics / İstanbul Iktisat Dergisi is the property of Istanbul Journal of Economics / Istanbul Iktisat Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Istanbul Journal of Economics / İstanbul Iktisat Dergisi is the property of Istanbul Journal of Economics / Istanbul Iktisat Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Uluslararasi Ekonomi ve Yenilik Dergisi is the property of Karadeniz Technical University, Depertmant of Economics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Economics Business & Finance Research / Ekonomi İşletme ve Maliye Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Irfan Ersin and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Itobiad: Journal of the Human & Social Science Researches / İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Itobiad: Journal of the Human & Social Science Researches and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Itobiad: Journal of the Human & Social Science Researches / İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Itobiad: Journal of the Human & Social Science Researches and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this paper is to explore the relationship between energy use, economic growth, and environmental pollution in Turkey for the period from 1968 to 2016 by using ARDL bounds test approach. Test findings show that an increase in economic growth and trade openness cause environmental degradation in all models. Although the energy consumption coefficient is positive in all models, it is statistically significant only in the model where the ecological footprint indicator is the dependent variable. Thus, while determining a positive relationship between environmental pollution and economic growth in Turkey, also it can be said that the energy consumption increases ecological footprint. The findings indicate that there is a need to consider not only pollution emissions but also the ecological footprint for environmental degradation. These results raise a number of policy recommendations for Turkey. The existence of an inverted-U shaped relationship between environmental degradation and economic growth actually demonstrate the successful long run sustainable growth in Turkey.

Bu çalışma, 1984-2016 dönemi için dış ticaret ve cari işlemler dengesinin iktisadi büyüme üzerindeki etkisini incelemek amacıyla kaleme alınmıştır. Söz konusu dönem için uygulanan en küçük kareler yöntemi ve regresyon analizi sonucunda hem dış ticaret dengesinin hem de cari işlemler dengesinin büyüme oranı üzerinde negatif etkiye sahip olduğu ortaya konulmuştur. En küçük kareler yöntemine göre; büyümedeki değişimlerin %31’i cari işlemler dengesi tarafından açıklanırken, %39’u dış ticaret dengesi tarafından açıklanmaktadır. Ekonomik ve sosyal olayların etkisini ölçmek için oluşturulan kukla değişken eklenmiş modele göre; büyümedeki değişimlerin %43’ü cari işlemler dengesi tarafından açıklanırken, %50’si dış ticaret dengesi tarafından açıklanmaktadır. Çalışmada üç model kurulmuştur. Ekonomik ve sosyal olayların etkisini ölçmek için kukla değişken eklenerek dördüncü model oluşturulmuştur. Cari işlemler fazlası veya daha düşük cari işlemler açığı ile sürdürülebilir büyümenin sağlanması için yurtiçi tasarrufların artırılması gerekmektedir.

Amaç: Juvenil idiopatik artrit (JIA) çocukluk çağında en sık görülen romatizmal hastalıktır ve büyüme geriliği ile sonuçlanabilmektedir. Bu çalışma ile JIA’lı Türk çocuklarında büyüme parametrelerini araştırmayı amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntem: Juvenil idiopatik artrit tanılı 233 hastanın klinik ve laboratuvar verileri, vücut ağırlığı, boy ve vücut kitle indeksi (VKI) bilgileri hastaların tıbbi dosyalarından geriye dönük elde edildi. Büyüme verileri ve z-skorları Türk çocuklarının antropometrik referans değerlerine göre hesaplandı. Hastalara International League of Associations for Rheumatology sınıflama kriterlerine göre tanı kondu. Bulgular: Hastaların %59,2’si (sayı, 138) kız hastaydı. Ortalama tanı yaşı 7.40±4,54 yıl ve çalışma esnasında ortalama yaş 11.20±4,45 yıldı. Ortalama ilk vizit vücut ağırlığı ve VKI z-skorları son vizit değerlere göre istatistiksel anlamlı olarak düzeldi. Ortalama ilk vizit boy z-skoru ise istatistiksel anlamlı olarak geriledi. Son vizitte kısa boy sıklığı %7,3 (sayı, 17) idi. Eritrosit çökelme hızı, C-reaktif protein düzeyleri dahil olmak üzere akut faz reaktanları son vizitte ilk vizit değerlerine kıyasla anlamlı olarak düşüktü. Son vizit büyüme parametreleri tanı yaşı, hastalık süresi, remisyon ve relaps durumu, kortikosteroid ve biyolojik ajan kullanımına göre farklılık göstermemekteydi. Sonuç: JIA hastalarında devam eden inflamasyonun kontrol altına alınması ile vücut ağırlığı ve VKI z-skorları düzelebilir, fakat bu durum boy kısalığını önlemek için yeterli olmayabilir.

Bu çalışmada yirminci yüzyılın son çeyreğinden günümüze kadar hem teorik hem de politik alanda tartışma konusu olan küreselleşmenin ekolojik ayak izi üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmaktadır. Türkiye’nin 1980-2014 dönemine ait verileri kullanılarak yapılan analizde ARDL, FMOLS ve DOLS modelleri kullanılmıştır. Analizde kullanılan değişkenler KOF küreselleşme endeksi, tüketimin ekolojik ayak izi, üretimin ekolojik ayak izi, ithalat ve ihracatın ekolojik ayak izi ile kontrol değişkeni olarak seçilen ekonomik büyümedir. Çalışmada ayrıca değişkenlerin durağanlığı ADF, P-P, Ng-P ve KPSS birim kök testleri ile kontrol edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, küreselleşme ile tüm ekolojik ayak izi göstergeleri arasında uzun dönemde anlamlı ilişkiler bulunmaktadır. Buna göre küreselleşme tüketim, üretim ve ithalatın ekolojik ayak izini artırırken, ihracatın ekolojik ayak izi üzerinde azaltıcı etki yapmaktadır. Ekonomik büyümenin tüketim, üretim ve ithalat üzerindeki etkileri de pozitif olmakla birlikte ihracatın ekolojik ayak izi üzerinde (%5 güven aralığında) anlamlı etkileri bulunmamıştır. Sonuç olarak, küreselleşmenin Türkiye’nin ekolojik sistemi üzerinde ciddi olumsuz etkileri bulunmaktadır.

Arthur M. Okun (1962) tarafından ortaya konulan Okun Yasası; işsizlik ile büyüme arasındaki ters yönlü ilişkiyi açıklamaktadır. Okun Yasası’na göre yüksek büyüme oranları işsizlik oranını azaltmakta, düşük ya da negatif büyüme oranları ise işsizlik oranını artırmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, 1990-2017 döneminde Türkiye’de büyüme ve işsizlik oranı arasındaki ilişki farklı frekansa sahip verilerin istatiksel olarak analiz edilmesine olanak sağlayan MIDAS (Mixed Data Sampling) regresyon aracılığıyla ampirik olarak test edilmiştir. Bu kapsamda, GSYH’yi temsilen Sanayi Üretim Endeksi değişkeni aylık olarak dikkate alınırken, işsizlik oranı ise çeyreklik olarak analize dahil edilmiştir. Çalışmanın bulgularına göre Türkiye’de Okun Yasasının asimetrik ve geçerli olduğu ve Okun yasasının geçerliliğinin bir döngü içinde sürdüğü görülmektedir.

Türkiye’nin önemli orman ağaçlarından biri olan Anadolu kestanesi (Castanea sativaMill.) geniş alanlarda saf ve karışık meşcereler kurmaktadır. Kestane biyolojisine aykırı uygulamalar ve çeşitli hastalıklar nedeniyle koru kestane ormanlarının vasfı bozulmuş, birçok yerde baltalık vasıflı işletilmesi silvikültürel seçenek haline gelmiştir. Aralama, ormanların işletilmesinde kullanılan en önemli silvikültürel müdahalelerden biridir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Gölcük (Kocaeli) yöresi 15 yaşındaki kestane baltalıklarında aralama şiddetinin çap, göğüs yüzeyi ve hacim ile bunların artımlarına bir yıllık etkilerini değerlendirmektir. Aralama denemesi rastlantı blokları deneme desenine göre üç tekrarlı kurulmuş ve dört farklı aralama şiddeti uygulanmıştır. Aralama öncesi meşcere ağaç sayısı, orta çapı, göğüs yüzeyi ve hacmi sırasıyla 4936 adet, 8.73 cm, 30.71 m2 ha-1 ve 163.68 m3 ha-1’dı. Aralama ile göğüs yüzeyinin % 0 (kontrol), % 18’si (mutedil), % 34’ü (şiddetli) ve % 49’u (çok şiddetli) meşcereden çıkartılmıştır. Aralamanın bir yıllık sonuçlarına göre; aralama şiddeti arttıkça çap artımı artmakta, buna bağlı olarak aralanan parseller kontrol kadar göğüs yüzeyi ve hacim artımı yapmışlardır. Çok şiddetli aralanan meşceredeki çap artımı kontrolün iki katı kadardır. Aralama şiddetine bağlı olarak başlangıç çap sınıfları arttıkça çap artımı da artmıştır. Aralamanın büyümeye etkisi bağlamında daha uzun süreli sonuçlara ihtiyaç duyulmakla birlikte, ulaşılan bir yıllık sonuçlara göre benzer özellikteki kestane baltalıklarında çok kuvvetli aralamalar önerilebilir.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the physical growth features of preterms infants at early childhood and to evaluate the perinatal and postnatal risk factors that affect growth. Method: Somatic growth features including weight, height, and target height, of moderate-late and early preterm infants followed-up in our unit were evaluated at a mean age of 42 months. The effects of intrauterine growth characteristics (IUGC) on current growth as well as the effects of perinatal and early neonatal problems were investigated. Results: A total of 232 moderate-late preterm infants (Group I) (mean gestational age [GA]: 34.9±1.2 weeks) and 112 early preterms (Group II) (mean GA: 29.9±1.6 weeks) were evaluated. The ratio of retardation in height was 2.6 % and 6.3% in Group I and Group II, respectively. The rate of failure in achieving the target height was higher in Group II (3.9% vs 8%). Growth differences in terms of height and weight were not significantly different between the two groups (p>0.05). Severe intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), hydrocephalus and invasive mechanical ventilation requirements negatively affected the growth in height and reaching the target height (p<0.05). Conclusion: The moderate-late and early preterm infants had similar growth features in terms of weight, height, and target height when evaluated at 42 months of age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was aimed to investigate the length-weight relationship and condition factor of Alburnus sellal population from Güçlükonak to Cizre (Şırnak) location of Tigris River between January and December 2015. A total of 107 specimen of A. sellal length-weight relationships were determined as W=0.0129*L2.925 (R2=0.8803±0.115) in females, W=0.0076*L3.0908 (R2=0.7033±0.151) in males, and W=0.0092*L3.0363 (R2=0.8332±0.133) all individuals. The type of growth for all individuals, females, and males were isometric growth (p>0.05). The average condition factor was found to be 1.032±0.012 (0.480-1.259) for all individuals, 1.055±0.014 (0.707-1.259) for females, and 0.99±0.020 (0.480-1.217) for males. According to the length-weight relationship and the condition factor of the A. sellal population from Güçlükonak to Cizre (Şırnak) location of Tigris River, it can be said that the environment is ecologically sufficient for nutritional development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of biofloc technology (BFT) in narrow-clawed crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus) culture for 45 days was evaluated by production performance and physiological status of crayfish. Four different stocking densities of crayfish were tested in BFT (20, 41.66, 62.5, and 83.33 individuals m-2). Water quality parameters were monitored to sustain desired levels for crayfish and biofloc management. The growth performance of narrow-clawed crayfish did not show any significant differences among the groups. However, the survival rate changed by the stocking density. Hemolymph indices represented by total hemocyte counts and relative abundance of hyalinocyte, semi-granulocyte, and granulocyte were not affected by different stocking densities. Overall hemolymph glucose and lactate levels of narrow-clawed crayfish reflected mild stress in response to BFT conditions. Hemolymph protein concentrations did not change by the stocking ratio in BFT. Hemolymph protein levels were in the normal range, indicating the healthy status of the individuals. The hepatopancreas histology was observed as a typical morphology for healthy crayfish in all stocking densities in BFT. Notwithstanding the relatively lower survival rate in higher stocking density of narrow-clawed crayfish, the results of the present research revealed that the adaptation of narrow-clawed crayfish to BFT conditions is promising for the crayfish culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was carried out to determine the growth and reproductive characteristics of Garra rufa Heckel, 1843 infested with Paradiplozoon bingolensis Civanova et al., 2013 in Göynük Stream, Bingol. A total of 267 G. rufa specimens were caught by a casting net between March 2015 and February 2016. The total length of G. rufa ranged from 8.5-19.1 cm and the total weights ranged from 5.8-58.7 g. The most intensive catching was in G. rufa population of 12.0-12.9 cm (30.0%) cm and 15.0-19.9 (25.2%) g in the groups. The mean condition factor was determined as 1.126±0.151 (0.607-1.646). The lengthweight relationships were calculated as W= 0.0205 x TL2.758 (r2 = 0.891). The M: F ratio was 1:1.15. The sexual maturity length was recorded as 13 cm total length for males and 14 cm total length for females. Additionally, Paradiplozoon bingolensis was detected on only 218 G. rufa in this population. Of these positive samples, 173 P. bingolensis were isolated from male fish samples, while the females had 228 P. bingolensis. Therefore, female G. rufa specimens from this population were determined to be more predisposed to the infestation (p<0.01). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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