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Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T11:16:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-11-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2021-07-15T14:36:07Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S0066-782X2021000600970.pdf: 376091 bytes, checksum: d9657df204661886297309e90e9c4d91 (MD5) Background: Vitamin D (VD) has been shown to play an important role in cardiac function. However, this vitamin exerts a biphasic “dose response” curve in cardiovascular pathophysiology and may cause deleterious effects, even in non-toxic doses. VD exerts its cellular functions by binding to VD receptor. Additionally, it was identified that the thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) expression is positively regulated by VD. TXNIP modulate different cell signaling pathways that may be important for cardiac remodeling. Objective: To evaluate whether VD supplementation lead to cardiac remodeling and if TXNIP and thioredoxin (Trx) proteins are associated with the process. Methods: A total of 250 Male Wistar rats were allocated into three groups: control (C, n=21), with no VD supplementation; VD3 (n = 22) and VD10 (n=21), supplemented with 3,000 and 10,000 IU of VD/ kg of chow respectively, for two months. The groups were compared by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Holm-Sidak post hoc analysis, (variables with normal distribution), or by Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn’s test post hoc analysis. The significance level for all tests was 5%. Results: TXNIP protein expression was higher and Trx activity was lower in VD10. The animals supplemented with VD showed increased lipid hydroperoxide and decreased superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. The protein Bcl-2 was lower in VD10. There was a decrease in fatty acid β-oxidation, tricarboxylic acid cycle and electron transport chain with shift to increase in glycolytic pathway. Conclusion: VD supplementation led to cardiac remodeling and this process may be modulated by TXNIP and Trx proteins and consequently oxidative stress. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2021; 116(5):970-978). Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu – UNESP Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu-UNESP Centro de Pesquisa em Alimentos Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu – UNESP Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu-UNESP

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T11:15:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-04-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2021-07-15T14:36:07Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S0066-782X2021000500784.pdf: 434790 bytes, checksum: 3064eb582afdadfc95799a10127e5533 (MD5) Universidade Estadual Paulista Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Background: Physical exercise has been considered an important non-pharmacological therapy for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. However, its effects on minor cardiac remodeling are not clear. Objective: To evaluate the influence of aerobic exercise on the functional capacity, cardiac structure, left ventricular (LV) function, and gene expression of NADPH oxidase subunits in rats with small-sized myocardial infarction (MI). Methods: Three months after MI induction, Wistar rats were divided into three groups: Sham; sedentary MI (MI-SED); and aerobic exercised MI (MI-AE). The rats exercised on a treadmill three times a week for 12 weeks. An echocardiogram was performed before and after training. The infarction size was evaluated by histology, and gene expression was assessed by RT-PCR. The significance level for statistical analysis was set at 5%. Results: Rats with MI lower than 30% of the LV total area were included in the study. Functional capacity was higher in MI-AE than in Sham and MI-SED rats. The infarction size did not differ between groups. Infarcted rats had increased LV diastolic and systolic diameter, left atrial diameter, and LV mass, with systolic dysfunction. Relative wall thickness was lower in MI-SED than in the MI-AE and Sham groups. Gene expression of the NADPH oxidase subunits NOX2, NOX4, p22phox, and p47phox did not differ between groups. Conclusion: Small-sized MI changes cardiac structure and LV systolic function. Late aerobic exercise is able to improve functional capacity and cardiac remodeling by preserving the left ventricular geometry. NADPH oxidase subunits gene expression is not involved in cardiac remodeling or modulated by aerobic exercise in rats with small-sized MI. Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP) Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP) CAPES: 153424/2018-4 FAPESP: 2014/00747-1 FAPESP: 2014/21972-3 CNPq: 308557/2018-2 CNPq: 310876/2018-4 CAPES: 88882.432904/2019-01

Background: Stroke is the leading cause of disability in adult life. Oropharyngeal dysphagia occurs in 65-90% of patients, and its identification in the acute phase of stroke can prevent complications. Objective: Verify whether Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS) score during stroke hospitalization is associated with functional capacity, as assessed by the modified Rankin Scale (mRs), and mortality 90 days after stroke. Methods: A prospective cohort study evaluating 201 patients hospitalized in the Stroke Unit was carried out. Dysphagia was evaluated during hospitalization using both a specific protocol to evaluate swallowing biomechanics and FOIS, in which FOIS 1-3 - tube feeding, 4-5 - oral feeding requiring food consistency changes, and 6-7 - oral feeding with no changes in food consistency. mRs≥3 90 days after discharge was considered disability. The data were adjusted for the NIHSS score, sex, age, type of stroke, and presence of thrombolysis. Significance level of 5%. Results: Of the 201 patients evaluated, 42.8% (86) who had dysphagia were older, had a higher severity of stroke, and pneumonia rate . A FOIS score of 6-7 may be a protective factor against disability (mRs≥3) (OR:0.17; CI:0.005-0.56; p=0.004), and FOIS 1-3 at hospital discharge increased the risk of mRs≥3 (OR:14.97; CI: 2.68-83.65; p=0.002) and mortality (OR:9.79; CI:2.21-43.4; p=0.003) within 90 days after stroke. Pneumonia was the leading cause of death, however dysphagia and FOIS 1-3 at discharge were associated with death from any cause. Important to highlight that the interaction of FOIS 1-3 at discharge and pneumonia further enhanced mortality chance (OR:113; CI:1.40-9.097; p=0.035). Conclusion: Dysphagia or FOIS 1-3 at discharge are markers of poor prognosis after stroke. Our data suggest the importance of early evaluation of dysphagia and closely monitoring the tube fed patients following stroke.

Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-06T16:37:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-05-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2021-07-15T14:35:45Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S0004-282X2019000500315.pdf: 206632 bytes, checksum: 2b9331b960a1f32682d0edfd298577f1 (MD5) Embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS) is an important group of cryptogenic strokes that are in evidence due recent ongoing trials. We reviewed medical records at discharge from the stroke unit of all patients who met ESUS criteria and attended our institution between February 2016 and July 2017. Among 550 stroke patients, 51 had ESUS. We found that hypertension (60%), diabetes mellitus (34%), and smoking (36%) were the most prevalent risk factors. The mean National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores were 7 at admission and 4 at discharge, while median scores on the modified Rankin scale were 0 and 2 at admission and discharge, respectively. Our sample had similar ages, risk factors prevalence and NIHSS scores at admission and discharge when compared with European and North American cohorts. Although a small cohort, our study suggests that the ESUS population is similar in countries with different health financing. Neurology Psychiatry and Psycology Department Botucatu Medical School São Paulo State University (Unesp) Botucatu Medical School São Paulo State University (Unesp) Neurology Division Internal Medicine Department Hospital de Clínicas Federal University of Paraná Department of Neurology University of Campinas Internal Medicine Department Medical School São Paulo State University (Unesp) Department of Applied Physical Therapy Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM) Neurology Psychiatry and Psycology Department Botucatu Medical School São Paulo State University (Unesp) Botucatu Medical School São Paulo State University (Unesp) Internal Medicine Department Medical School São Paulo State University (Unesp)